高考英语复习主语从句 导学案-2025届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项

主语从句 1． 定义：在复合句中，作主语的句子称为主语从句，通常位于谓语动词之前。 如：Who will win the match is still unknown.谁会赢得这场比赛，目前还不清楚。 二．连接词 引导主语从句的关联词有从属连词：that、whether、if； 关系代词：who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever； 关系副词：when, where, how, why, however, whenever, wherever等 ①从属连词that，whether引导的主语从句：引导主语从句，它们在从句中不担任成分，不能省略 如：Whether she will come or not is still a question. 她是否会来仍是一个问题。 That they will go is certain.他们去是肯定的。 注意：whether，if 的区别： （1）whether 引导主语从句可以放句首，也可以放句尾，表示“是否”，不可省略。 （2）If引导的主语从句只能放在句尾，前面要用 it 作形式主语。 如：Whether she will come or not is uncertain.她会不会来还不确定。 It remains to be seen if they can be good parents.他们是否能成为一对合格的父母还有待观察。 随堂练习：用whether,if或that填空 1. the meeting will be put off hasn't been decided yet. 2.It remains unknown we will go for an outing tomorrow. 3. the earth is round is true. 4. you missed such an interesting film is a pity. 5. she's coming or not doesn't matter too much. ②由关系代词引导的主语从句：who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等，引导主语从句时，它们分别在从句中担任主语、宾语或定语，不能省略。 如：Whoever leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.无论谁最后离开房间，都应该关灯。 注意：no matter who和whoever的区别： 1.no matter who通常只能引导状语从句，而不能引导名词性从句。 2.whoever 既可引导名词性从句也可引导状语从句 ③关系副词引导的主语从句：when, where, why, how, however, whenever, wherever等引导主语从句时，它们在从句中担任状语，不能省略。 如：Why he didn't come here is not clear to anyone.他为什么没来谁也不清楚。 How a telephone works is a question which not everyone can answer.电话是怎样工作的，这个问题并不是每个人都能回答。 Where she has gone is not known yet.她去了哪儿，还不知道。 When they will start has not been decided yet. 他们何时动身还未定下来。 随堂练习 1.     you don't like him is none of my business. A. What   B. Who  C. That  D. Whether 2.     we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If   B. Whether  C. That  D. Where 3.     is going to do the job will be decided by the manager. A. That  B. Why  C. How   D. Who 4.     we'll finish translating the book depends on the time. A. When   B. Why  C. What   D. That 5.     he won't go there is clear to all of us. A. How    B. What  C. Why   D. This 三．有时为了避免头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语放后面。it作形式主语的常用句型 ①It + be + 形容词（clear /unfair等）+ that ... 如：It's strange that he didn't come yesterday. 他昨天没来是很奇怪的。 ②It + be + 名词词组（a fact /a pity /a shame等）+ that ... 如：It is a question that who will hold the meeting.谁来主持会议是个问题。 ③It + be + 过去分词（announced /believed /expected等）+ that ... 如：It is said that there was a terrible plane crash this morning.据说今天早上有一起可怕的飞机坠毁事故。 ④It + seems /appears /happens等+ that ... 如：It seems that he is a good guy.他似乎是个好人 注意：在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should) +do” 如：It is a pity that you (should) have to leave. 真遗憾你非走不可。 随堂练习：翻译句子 1.吸烟危害健康，这是事实。 2.中国人口众多是一件极大的好事。 3.据说Jack篮球打得很棒。 4.对她来参加聚会来说很重要。 5.他们似乎已经离开了北京。 四．主语从句不可位于句首的四种情况。 （1）含主语从句的复合句是疑问句、感叹句时，主语从句不可提前，用引导词it作形式主语。 如：Is it really true that he has gone abroad? 他真的出国了吗？ How surprising it was that he failed in the exam!真令人惊奇，他考试没有及格！ （2）It is said, reported, …结构中的主语从句不可提前。 如：It’s said that the play is very interesting.据说戏剧很有趣。 It’s reported that the highway will be opened to traffic next week.据报道，高速路下周通车。 （3）It happens, occurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。 如：It occurred to her that she had forgotten to lock the door.她突然想起忘了锁门。 It happened that I met him in the street.我恰巧在大街上遇到了他。 （4）It doesn’t matter how, whether or not…结构中的主语从句不可提前。 如：It doesn’t matter whether he likes it or not.他喜欢与否无关紧要。 五．it作形式主语与it引导强调句的比较。 强调句：去掉it is...that部分，句子意思仍然完整 如：It is certain that she will succeed.她会成功是肯定的。（主语从句） It is in New York that I met him.是在纽约我见到了他。（强调句） 随堂练习：用适当的连接词填空 1.It is probable it will rain today. 2. you don't like him is none of my business. 3. matters most in learning English is enough practice. 4. breaks the law can never escape from being punished. 5. of them will take charge of our company is still being discussed. 6. worries us most is that the number of the kids dominated by computers is growing fast. 7. one can turn his dream into a reality depends on his talent and the efforts he makes. 8. I believe is that you need to act smartly, instead of following what everyone else is doing. 9.It is required in the regulations you shouldn't tell other people the password of your e-mail account. 10.It has been proved eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 主语从句 1． 定义：在复合句中，作主语的句子称为主语从句，通常位于谓语动词之前。 如：Who will win the match is still unknown.谁会赢得这场比赛，目前还不清楚。 二．连接词 引导主语从句的关联词有从属连词：that、whether、if； 关系代词：who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever； 关系副词：when, where, how, why, however, whenever, wherever等 ①从属连词that，whether引导的主语从句：引导主语从句，它们在从句中不担任成分，不能省略 如：Whether she will come or not is still a question. 她是否会来仍是一个问题。 That they will go is certain.他们去是肯定的。 注意：whether，if 的区别： （1）whether 引导主语从句可以放句首，也可以放句尾，表示“是否”，不可省略。 （2）If引导的主语从句只能放在句尾，前面要用 it 作形式主语。 如：Whether she will come or not is uncertain.她会不会来还不确定。 It remains to be seen if they can be good parents.他们是否能成为一对合格的父母还有待观察。 随堂练习：用whether,if或that填空 1.Whether the meeting will be put off hasn't been decided yet. 2.It remains unknown whether/if we will go for an outing tomorrow. 3.That the earth is round is true. 4.That you missed such an interesting film is a pity. 5.Whether she's coming or not doesn't matter too much. ②由关系代词引导的主语从句：who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等，引导主语从句时，它们分别在从句中担任主语、宾语或定语，不能省略。 如：Whoever leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.无论谁最后离开房间，都应该关灯。 注意：no matter who和whoever的区别： 1.no matter who通常只能引导状语从句，而不能引导名词性从句。 2.whoever 既可引导名词性从句也可引导状语从句 ③关系副词引导的主语从句：when, where, why, how, however, whenever, wherever等引导主语从句时，它们在从句中担任状语，不能省略。 如：Why he didn't come here is not clear to anyone.他为什么没来谁也不清楚。 How a telephone works is a question which not everyone can answer.电话是怎样工作的，这个问题并不是每个人都能回答。 Where she has gone is not known yet.她去了哪儿，还不知道。 When they will start has not been decided yet. 他们何时动身还未定下来。 随堂练习 C1.     you don't like him is none of my business. A. What   B. Who  C. That  D. Whether B2.     we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If   B. Whether  C. That  D. Where D3.     is going to do the job will be decided by the manager. A. That  B. Why  C. How   D. Who A4.     we'll finish translating the book depends on the time. A. When   B. Why  C. What   D. That C5.     he won't go there is clear to all of us. A. How    B. What  C. Why   D. This 三．有时为了避免头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语放后面。it作形式主语的常用句型 ①It + be + 形容词（clear /unfair等）+ that ... 如：It's strange that he didn't come yesterday. 他昨天没来是很奇怪的。 ②It + be + 名词词组（a fact /a pity /a shame等）+ that ... 如：It is a question that who will hold the meeting.谁来主持会议是个问题。 ③It + be + 过去分词（announced /believed /expected等）+ that ... 如：It is said that there was a terrible plane crash this morning.据说今天早上有一起可怕的飞机坠毁事故。 ④It + seems /appears /happens等+ that ... 如：It seems that he is a good guy.他似乎是个好人 注意：在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should) +do” 如：It is a pity that you (should) have to leave. 真遗憾你非走不可。 随堂练习：翻译句子 1.吸烟危害健康，这是事实。It is a fact that smoking is a danger to health.  2.中国人口众多是一件极大的好事。It is a good thing that China has a big population.  3.据说Jack篮球打得很棒。It’s said that Jack plays basketball very well. 4.对她来参加聚会来说很重要。It is important for her to come to the party. 5.他们似乎已经离开了北京。It seems that they have already left Beijing. 四．主语从句不可位于句首的四种情况。 （1）含主语从句的复合句是疑问句、感叹句时，主语从句不可提前，用引导词it作形式主语。 如：Is it really true that he has gone abroad? 他真的出国了吗？ How surprising it was that he failed in the exam!真令人惊奇，他考试没有及格！ （2）It is said, reported, …结构中的主语从句不可提前。 如：It’s said that the play is very interesting.据说戏剧很有趣。 It’s reported that the highway will be opened to traffic next week.据报道，高速路下周通车。 （3）It happens, occurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。 如：It occurred to her that she had forgotten to lock the door.她突然想起忘了锁门。 It happened that I met him in the street.我恰巧在大街上遇到了他。 （4）It doesn’t matter how, whether or not…结构中的主语从句不可提前。 如：It doesn’t matter whether he likes it or not.他喜欢与否无关紧要。 五．it作形式主语与it引导强调句的比较。 强调句：去掉it is...that部分，句子意思仍然完整 如：It is certain that she will succeed.她会成功是肯定的。（主语从句） It is in New York that I met him.是在纽约我见到了他。（强调句） 随堂练习：用适当的连接词填空 1.It is probable that it will rain today. 2. That you don't like him is none of my business. 3. What matters most in learning English is enough practice. 4. Whoever breaks the law can never escape from being punished. 5. Which of them will take charge of our company is still being discussed. 6. What worries us most is that the number of the kids dominated by computers is growing fast. 7. Whether one can turn his dream into a reality depends on his talent and the efforts he makes. 8. What I believe is that you need to act smartly, instead of following what everyone else is doing. 9.It is required in the regulations that you shouldn't tell other people the password of your e-mail account. 10.It has been proved that eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$