Unit 2 Improving Yourself第 2 课时（Using Language 教学课件+分层作业)-【上好课】2024-2025学年高中英语同步精品课堂（外研社版2019选择性必修第二册）

Unit2Improving Yourself Using Language分层作业练习 I 单词拼写 1. Mind your behavior! Keep in mind that it is impolite to ___________( 吐痰) about in public. 【答案】spit 2. She is always polite and ________________(体贴的) towards her employees. 【答案】considerate 3. It’s firmly believed that the teacher's explanation can_______(澄清) the puzzling problem. 【答案】clarify 4. __________________(拖延症) is not a problem of time management or of planning. 【答案】Procrastination 5. It's interesting that he sent me the book twenty days before the __________(截止日期) for my book. 【答案】deadline 6. Now that the problem has been identified,  ___________ (适当的)action can be taken. 【答案】appropriate 7. After work, the officer put the used newspaper in the paper recycling _________ (垃圾箱). 【答案】bin 8. Working in the studio, you should ensure that your player works with your _________(头套式耳机). 【答案】headphone 9. _______________(难以相信地), she had no idea what was going on. 【答案】Incredibly 10. He was one of the most creative and_____________(有创新精神的) engineers of his generation. 【答案】 innovative II 单句语法填空 1. Now that the issue _____________(discuss) before, any other questions was dealt with easily. 【答案】had been discussed 2. It's obvious that he ___________(deliberate) destroyed the fence of the garden even without apology. 【答案】deliberately 3. John was late for the business meeting because his flight _____________(delay) by a heavy storm. 【答案】had been delayed  【解析】本语境中，because 引导原因状语从句，表示该事件发生在主句一般过去情况之前，故使用过去完成时态，而且从句的主语his flight与动词delay构成被动关系。 4. Tom was careless in __________(prepare) for the coming final exam, which made his parents angry. 【答案】preparing 5. Do not procrastinate __________ you ought to do, or you will become a loser. 【答案】what 【解析】what引导宾语从句，在从句中作do的宾语。 本句意为“不要拖延你该做的事，否则你会成为一个失败者。” 6. How ____________(promote) values education at school has been a heated issue at present. 【答案】to promote 【解析】特殊疑问词+ to do sth复合结构相当于名词性从句，在句子中可以充当主语，宾语或者表语。本句中作主语。句意为：“促进)如何在学校价值观教育一直是一个热点问题。” 7. We'd like to remind viewers to be considerate _______ your neighbors and keep TVs turned down. 【答案】 to/towards  【解析】be considerate to/towards sb：“体贴某人；替某人着想”。 8. They put off __________(hold) the opening ceremony because of the bad weather. 【答案】holding  【解析】put off doing sth：推迟做某事。 9. The scientists are beating their brains trying to come up ________ a solution to the problem. 【答案】with 10. ___________(begin) with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam. 【答案】To begin 【解析】to begin with：“首先，第一”。 III 选词组并用其适当的形式填空。 turn over come up with be careless about at the top of in turn work out be involved in to put it another way prevent...from... for instance 1. I'm very much afraid that your son may  _____________ the crime.  【答案】be involved in  【解析】be involved in ：被卷入……中；涉及到…… 2. The student, who was dressed so badly, ___________ his personal appearance. 【答案】was careless about 3. Mr and Mrs Cabin asked the young driver to leave; _____________,  he was fired. 【答案】to put it another way 【解析】to put it another way： 换言之； 本句意为：特舱先生和太太请年轻的司机离开； 换句话说，他被解雇了。 4. The change of the climate also makes the earth warmer. ___________, the warmth of the earth changes the climate, too. 【答案】In turn 【解析】in turn: 反过来；依次， 本句意为：气候的变化也使地球变暖。反过来，地球的温度也会改变气候。 5.  All you had to do was think a little harder and ______________ a new solution. 【答案】come up with  6. There are jobs more dangerous than truck driving; _____________, training lions. 【答案】for instance 【解析】for instance意为“例如”， 与“for example”相同。 7. Lizzy picked up the blue envelope and __________ the envelope curiously.  【答案】turned over 【解析】turnover: 翻阅；把…翻过来; 本句意为“丽萃拿起蓝色的信封，好奇地把它翻过来。”  8. His name was _____________ the list, which told us Johns won the first prize. 【答案】at the top of 9. The rule reads: “Industrial waste must ______________ polluting our rivers.” 【答案】be prevented from 10.  It took me some time to _____________ what was causing this.  【答案】work out 【解析】work out：“解决；制定；弄懂”；本语境为：“锻炼我花了一些时间才弄明白是什么原因造成的。” Ⅳ 阅读理解 A HABITAT RESTORATION TEAM （2024全国Ⅰ卷）Help restore and protect Marin's natural areas from the Marin Headlands to Bolinas Ridge. We'll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive (侵入的) plant removal, winter planting, and seed collection. Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys. GROUPS Groups of five or more require special arrangements and must be confirmed in advance. Please review the List of Available Projects and fill out the Group Project Request Form. AGE, SKILLS, WHAT TO BRING Volunteers aged 10 and over are welcome. Read our Youth Policy Guidelines for youth under the age of 15. Bring your completed Volunteer Agreement Form. Volunteers under the age of 18 must have the parent/guardian approval section signed. We'll be working rain or shine. Wear clothes that can get dirty. Bring layers for changing weather and a raincoat if necessary. Bring a personal water bottle, sunscreen, and lunch. No experience necessary. Training and tools will be provided. Fulfills (满足) community service requirements. UPCOMING EVENTS Time Meeting Location Sunday, Jan. 15 10:00 am — 1:00 pm Battery Alexander Trailhead Sunday, Jan. 22 10:00 am — 2:30 pm Stinson Beach Parking Lot Sunday, Jan. 29 9:30 am — 2:30 pm Coyote Ridge Trailhead 1. What is the aim of the Habitat Restoration Team? A. To discover mineral resources. B. To develop new wildlife parks. C. To protect the local ecosystem. D. To conduct biological research. 2. What is the lower age limit for joining the Habitat Restoration Team? A. 5. B. 10. C. 15. D. 18. 3. What are the volunteers expected to do? A. Bring their own tools. B. Work even in bad weather. C. Wear a team uniform. D. Do at least three projects. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了参加保护当地生态系统的栖息地恢复小组的时间地点等相关细节。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Help restore and protect Marin’s natural areas from the Marin Headlands to Bolinas Ridge. We’ll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive (侵入的) plant removal, winter planting, and seed collection. Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys. (帮助恢复和保护从马林海岬到波利纳斯岭的马林海的自然区域。我们将探索美丽的公园场地，同时进行入侵植物清除、冬季种植和种子收集。栖息地恢复小组的志愿者在恢复敏感资源和保护山脊和山谷中的濒危物种方面发挥着至关重要的作用)”可知，栖息地恢复小组的目的是保护当地生态系统。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Volunteers aged 10 and over are welcome. (欢迎10岁及以上的志愿者)”可知，参加栖息地恢复小组的最低年龄限制是10岁。故选B项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第五段“We’ll be working rain or shine. (我们将风雨无阻地工作)”可知，身为志愿者，即使天气不好也要工作。故选B项。 B （2023·山东淄博·校联考二模）In the threatening trouble of climate change, growing commercial crops on solar farms is a potentially efficient use of agricultural land that can both increase commercial food production and improve solar panel performance and longevity(寿命), according to a new Cornell research. “We now have, for the first time, a physics-based tool to estimate the costs and benefits of co-locating solar panels and commercial agriculture in terms of increased power conversion efficiency and solar-panel longevity, ” said lead author Henry Williams, a doctoral student in Cornell Engineering. “There is potential for agrivoltaic (农业光伏) systems-where agriculture and solar panels coexist-to provide increased passive cooling through taller panel heights, more reflective ground cover and higher evapotranspiration (蒸散) rates compared to traditional solar farms,” said Max Zhang, professor in the Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, “We can generate renewable electricity and conserve farmland through agrivoltaic systems.” In New York, for example, about 40% of solar farm capacity has been developed on agricultural lands, while about 84% of land suitable for solar development is agricultural, according to a previous research study from Zhang’s group. The engineers showed that solar panels mounted over vegetation reveal surface temperature drops compared to those built over bare ground. Solar panels were mounted 4 meters above a cotton crop and the solar panels showed temperature reductions by up to 10 degrees Celsius, compared with those mounted a half-meter above bare soil. “As you decrease the solar panel operating temperature, you can increase efficiency and improve the longevity of your solar panels, ” said Williams, “We’re showing double benefits. On one hand, you have food production for farmers, and on the other hand, we’ve shown improved longevity and improved conversion efficiency for solar developers.” “Up to this point, most of the benefits from agrivoltaic systems have been around areas with abundant sunshine, ” said Zhang, “This research is taking a step toward evaluating the application of agrivoltaics in climates representative of the Northeastern U. S. in relaxing the land-use competition it faces.” 4．What does the new Cornell research convey? A．Growing commercial crops can relieve climate change. B．It’s costly to improve solar panel performance and longevity. C．Commercial agriculture can increase power conversion efficiency. D．The coexistence of solar panels and commercial crops is mutually beneficial. 5．Why does the author list the figures in paragraph 3? A．To show the promising future of agrivoltaics. B．To indicate the lack of solar farms in New York. C．To tell agricultural lands are based on solar farms. D．To demonstrate agricultural farms are more developed. 6．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．The Northeastern US is rich in agricultural lands. B．Hot climate zones are ideal for developing agrivoltaics. C．The research made a breakthrough in land-use competition. D．The application of agrivoltaics in Northeastern US proved practical. 7．Which is a suitable title for the text? A．Approaches to Tackling World Climate Change B．Methods of Increasing Agricultural Production C．Agrivoltaics Have Been Well Received in the US D．Growing Crops at Solar Farms Generates Higher Efficiency 【答案】4．D 5．A 6．B 7．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述康奈尔大学的一项新研究，在气候变化带来的威胁中，在太阳能农场上种植经济作物是一种潜在的有效利用农业土地的方法，既可以增加商业粮食产量，又可以提高太阳能电池板的性能和寿命。 4．推理判断题。根据第一段“In the threatening trouble of climate change, growing commercial crops on solar farms is a potentially efficient use of agricultural land that can both increase commercial food production and improve solar panel performance and longevity(寿命), according to a new Cornell research.”（根据康奈尔大学的一项新研究，在气候变化带来的威胁中，在太阳能农场上种植经济作物是一种潜在的有效利用农业土地的方法，既可以增加商业粮食产量，又可以提高太阳能电池板的性能和寿命。）可知，康奈尔大学的一项新研究表示，在太阳能农场上种植经济作物，既可以增加商业粮食产量，又可以提高太阳能电池板的性能和寿命。表明这种种植方式可以实现双赢。故选D。 5．推理判断题。根据第三段中“In New York, for example, about 40% of solar farm capacity has been developed on agricultural lands, while about 84% of land suitable for solar development is agricultural, according to a previous research study from Zhang’s group.”（例如，根据张的小组之前的一项研究，在纽约，大约40%的太阳能发电场已经在农业用地上开发，而约84%的适合太阳能开发的土地是农业用地。）可知，农业用地更适合太阳能开发，即展示了农业光伏的美好未来。故选A。 6．推理判断题。根据最后一段““Up to this point, most of the benefits from agrivoltaic systems have been around areas with abundant sunshine, ” said Zhang, “This research is taking a step toward evaluating the application of agrivoltaics in climates representative of the Northeastern U. S. in relaxing the land-use competition it faces. ””（到目前为止，农业光伏系统的大部分好处都在阳光充足的地区，”张说，“这项研究正在朝着评估农业光伏在美国东北部气候中的应用迈出一步，以缓解其面临的土地使用竞争。”）可知，阳光充足的地区更适合发展农业光伏。故选B。 7．主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段“In the threatening trouble of climate change, growing commercial crops on solar farms is a potentially efficient use of agricultural land that can both increase commercial food production and improve solar panel performance and longevity(寿命), according to a new Cornell research.”（根据康奈尔大学的一项新研究，在气候变化带来的威胁中，在太阳能农场上种植经济作物是一种潜在的有效利用农业土地的方法，既可以增加商业粮食产量，又可以提高太阳能电池板的性能和寿命。）可知，本文主要讲述康奈尔大学的一项新研究，在气候变化带来的威胁中，在太阳能农场上种植经济作物是一种潜在的有效利用农业土地的方法，既可以增加商业粮食产量，又可以提高太阳能电池板的性能和寿命。选项D“在太阳能农场种植作物产生更高的效率”与文意相符，故选D。 Ⅴ 七选五 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question:“Should I jump? This is what motivation or the lack of it can do. Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of same coin. 1 Like the child on the diving board, you will stay undecided. 2 More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal? First, you need to evaluate yourself , your values your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires ,etc. Only then should your you’re your goals You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite important, because it is directly related to your commitment. There are times when your heart is not in your work. 3 So, slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment. Clarity(清晰)of thoughts can help you move forward. Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible. 4 They also need to be measurable. You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals. Your personal circumstances are equally important. For example, you may want to be a Pilot but can’t become one because your eyesight is not good enough. 5 You should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal. You will surely need to overcome some difficulties, some planned, but most unplanned. You cannot overcome them without ample motivation. Make sure that you plan for these difficulties at the time of setting your goals. A. This can affect your work. B. So how should you motivate yourself? C. However, this should not discourage you. D. So why should we try to set specific goals? E. They can change according to circumstances. F. Motivation is what you need most to do a good job. G. Without motivation you can neither set a goal nor reach it. 【答案】1--5 GBAEC 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章作者对于怎样设定具体目标，给出了一些方法。 1. G 【解析】上文说“动机和目标设定是同一枚硬币的两面”。下文说“就像孩子在跳水台，难以决定”。该空承上启下，G选项“没有目标，你就既不能设定目标，也无法实现它”切题，故选G。 2. B 【解析】下文说“不仅如此，你应该如何为实现你的目标保持积极性”。该空引出下文，B选项“那么你应该如何激励自己呢”切题，故选B。 3. A 【解析】上文说“有时候你的心不在工作上”，下文说“所以，减慢速度，想一想那时候，你到底想干什么”。该空承上启下，A选项“这会影响你的工作”切题，故选A。 4. E【解析】上文说“记得，目标是灵活的”。该空承接上文，E选项“它们会根据环境的改变而改变”切题，故选E。 5. C 【解析】上文说“你可能想当一名飞行员，但是不能成为一名飞行员，因为你的视力不够好。”下文说“你应该重新评估你的目标，并且设定一个新的目标”。该空承上启下，C选项“然而，这也不要使你沮丧”切题，故选C。 Ⅵ 语法填空 Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level the national parks, in particular, tend ____1____（catch）our attention because of their large size and variety. They are ____2____（treasure）of American heritage（遗产）. How did the national park system come about? On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in ____3____ is now northwestern Wyoming. They ____4____（be）part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. What should ____5____（do）with such a beautiful place? They wondered out loud. This area, with ____6____（it）unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved ____7____all people of the nation to enjoy—as a national park. They all agreed and vowed（承诺）to promote the idea at the ____8____（complete）of their journey. Their promotional work paid off. Two years later, 18 years before Wyoming became a state, Yellowstone became the first national park in the United States and the world. Yellowstone was the ____9____（large）United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, _____10_____ became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. 【答案】1. to catch 2. treasures 3. what 4. were 5. be done 6. its 7. for 8. completion 9. largest 10. which 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了美国国家公园的由来，即四个男人发现了一处非常美的自然风景区，决定好好保护它以供后人欣赏并为此做出了许多努力。 【1题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管村子任何层级的各种规模和类型的公园，但特别是国家公园，由于其规模大、种类多，往往会引起我们的注意。固定搭配：tend to do sth.，表示“倾向于做某事”，不定式作宾语，故填to catch。 【2题详解】 考查名词。句意：它们是美国传统的瑰宝。treasure表示“宝藏”，为可数名词，结合前文they are，应用复数形式，故填treasures。 【3题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：1870年9月中旬，在一个凉爽、繁星点点的夜晚，四个男人在火洞河边的营火前放松，这里现在是怀俄明州的西北部。后文为介词in的宾语，is前缺主语，指物，主语用what引导宾语从句，作介词in的宾语，故填what。 【4题详解】 考查时态。句意：他们是一个由15人组成的探险队的一部分，他们花了近五个星期的时间来见证那里的自然美景。本空前They指代上文提及的四个男人，时间为1870年，同时联系后文had spent的过去完成时可知，本空时态为过去式且为复数形式，故填were。 【5题详解】 考查被动语态。句意：对于这样一个美丽的地方，我们应该做些什么呢？主语what指物，与谓语动词do是被动关系，情态动词should后接be done构成被动语态，故填be done。 【6题详解】 考查代词。句意：这个地区拥有独特的、令人惊叹的自然美景，必须作为国家公园保护好，为了所有国家的人都能享受。修饰名词beauty用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。 【7题详解】 考查介词。句意同上。介词for表目的，表示“为了所有国家的人都能享受”。 故填for。 【8题详解】 考查名词。句意：他们都同意了，并发誓要在旅行结束后推广这个想法。冠词修饰名词，本空应填名词作宾语，complete名词形式为completion，不可数，故填completion。 【9题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：黄石公园是美国最大的国家公园，占地220万英亩，直到1978年成为国家纪念碑的阿拉斯加南部的弗兰格尔-圣伊莱亚斯在1980年以1230万英亩的面积作为国家公园获得这项荣誉。本空前有the，为形容词最高级标志词，结合下文“1978年成为国家纪念碑的阿拉斯加南部的弗兰格尔-圣伊莱亚斯在1980年以1230万英亩的面积获得国家公园的荣誉”可知，用large的最高级largest作定语，故填largest。 【10题详解】 考查定语从句。句意同上。本空所在句子为定语从句，先行词为Wrangell-Saint Elias，从句中作主语，指物，引导非限制性定语从句用which，故填which。 Ⅶ 后续写作 （2023秋·江苏·高三校联考阶段练习）阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。 John flew to the U.S. from his hometown of Glasgow, Scotland when he was 19 years old. He headed to California for a semester studying abroad. It was his first time traveling overseas by himself, and he was a little nervous. Luckily, he met a young Irish couple along the way. They were going to Venice Beach, which wasn’t far from John’s final destination of Newport Beach. They decided to make the final leg of the journey together. There was just one problem: None of them knew how to get to either city from Los Angeles. “I think we may take three or four, maybe even five different bus journeys, possibly going in different directions each time,” John said. Each time they asked bus drivers for directions, they’d end up more confused. They were getting more and more upset. They hadn’t packed much food or water, just not very prepared in every respect. It’s not just that they were kind of tired and hungry. There was certainly a level of anxiety growing in their minds as well. Eventually they decided to find a map. They bought one at a gas station and stood outside, trying to make sense of it. “It couldn’t be more obvious that we have got lost,” John said, laughing helplessly. For about 15 minutes, the group stood outside examining the map. They were on the verge of giving up when a young woman approached them. She was wearing a T-shirt that said “Need help?” “I’m not a person of faith,” John said to the couple. “But I admit that at present I do have a sense of, well, has this person been sent from heaven?” The young woman just looked at them and said, “Do you guys need any help?” The three tired travelers told her how they had gotten lost on the way to Venice Beach. Pointing to a blue car in which sat a middle-aged woman, the young woman replied,“ Maybe my mum and I can help you.” 注意: 1.续写词数应为150左右。 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 They expected the young woman could tell them how to get to Venice Beach but instead she offered something even better. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 　　The next morning the young woman helped John map out a ride to Newport Beach. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: They expected the young woman could tell them how to get to Venice Beach but instead she offered something even better. “Why don’t you just get in the car? My mother and I will take you,” the young woman replied. Relieved and grateful, John and his new friends got into the woman’s car. On the journey, the young woman discovered that John was going to travel to Newport Beach. “Well, don’t worry, I will help you coordinate your trip to Newport Beach tomorrow,” the young woman suggested. Not only did they drop off the Irish couple in Venice Beach, they also provided accommodations for John. The next morning the young woman helped John map out a ride to Newport Beach. The young woman had arranged everything for John, which made him really grateful. John was aware that how unusual that level of generosity was, far beyond his expectation. He wanted to pay money for what they had done for him, but was refused. They just told John to pass this kindness on to whoever needed help. John made his way to Newport Beach, feeling warm in his heart and he wouldn’t feel nervous because he knew there would always be someone who was willing to give a helping hand. 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述John第一次独自出国旅行，在路上遇到一对年轻的爱尔兰夫妇并结伴一起，可是他们迷路了，这时一位年轻女子向他们走过来并提供帮助 。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由续写第一段首句“他们希望这位年轻女子能告诉他们如何去威尼斯海滩，但她却提供了更好的东西。”可以预测续写第一段主要内容：年轻女子开车送John和爱尔兰夫妇去了威尼斯海滩，并给John提供了住宿。 ②由第二段首句“第二天早上，这位年轻女子帮John安排了一条去纽波特海滩的路线。”可以预测续写第二段主要内容：年轻女子为John安排好了所有一切，John想为年轻女子所做的给予一定报酬但遭到拒绝，John心里充满感激和温暖。 2.续写线索：年轻女子送John和爱尔兰夫妇去了威尼斯海滩——年轻女子为John安排住宿——年轻女子帮John安排好了去纽波特海滩的事宜——John决定支付报酬但被拒绝——John内心充满感激和温暖 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①.发现：discover/find out ②.帮助：help /do sb a favor/assist   ③.提供：provide/offer/supply 情绪类 ①.感激的： grateful/thankful ②.焦虑的：nervous /anxious /worried   【点睛】[高分句型1].On the journey, the young woman discovered that John was going to travel to Newport Beach. （运用了that引导的宾语从句） [高分句型2].Not only did they drop off the Irish couple in Venice Beach, they also provided accommodations for John.（运用了not only放句首引导的部分倒装） [高分句型3]. The young woman had arranged everything for John, which made him really grateful. （运用which引导的非限制性定语从句） 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$外研社版高中英语选择性必修二 Unit2 Improving Yourself Using Language 1 2024/8/13 Observe and identify the form and usage of past perfect passive and use it properly in real situation; Improve yourself and be better-cultivated in behaviors; Learning Objectives Identify inappropriate behaviours in daily life or at school and learn how to deal with them properly; Grammar 3 Look at the sentences and answer the questions. Sentence (a) is from the reading passage. a. At the start of the detox, over 100 students had been persuaded to stop using social media, in ANY form, for seven days. b. At the start of the detox, people had persuaded over 100 students to stop using social media, in ANY form, for seven days. Exploring the rules a. At the start of the detox, over 100 students had been persuaded to stop using social media, in ANY form, for seven days. b. At the start of the detox, people had persuaded over 100 students to stop using social media, in ANY form, for seven days. 1. Were the students in sentence (a) persuaded before the detox started, or afterwards? a. At the start of the detox, over 100 students had been persuaded to stop using social media, in ANY form, for seven days. b. At the start of the detox, people had persuaded over 100 students to stop using social media, in ANY form, for seven days. 2. What is the difference between sentences (a) and (b)? Sentence (a) uses the passive voice of the past perfect tense, while sentence (b) uses the active voice of the past perfect tense. 3. Why does the author choose to use a passive form instead of an active form? The passive voice can be used to emphasise the acceptor of an action. They had been promised money by family and friends for each day spent without using social media. But on reflection, I can see how much of my time had been occupied with checking my phone. Now look for more sentences with the past perfect passive in the reading passage, and summarise its use in your own words. The past perfect tense is used to tell an activity done before something in the past. So it is used in a background of past. present future past past perfect past perfect tense Working out the rules 1. 过去完成时的被动语态构成 过去完成时的被动语态 过去完成时被动语态的肯定结构: had been + v.-ed (及物) e.g. The classroom had been cleaned before the teacher came. 老师进来前教室就已经被打扫干净了。 过去完成时被动语态的否定结构： had not been + v.-ed (及物) e.g. The classroom hadn’t been cleaned before the teacher came. 过去完成时被动语态的疑问句结构: had + 主语 + been + v.-ed (及物) e.g. Had a new school been set up by the end of last year? 去年年底是建了一所新学校吗？ 2. 过去完成时的被动语态的用法 表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的被动动作。 e.g. The vegetables didn’t taste good. They had been cooked for too long. (2) 表示从过去某一时间开始，延续到过去另一时间的被动动作，常与for, since引导的时间状语连用。 e.g. It was reported that the money had been raised for weeks. (3) 用在主句动词是过去式时的宾语从句中。 e.g. He wanted to know if the result had been announced (宣布). He told us that the project had been completed. (4) 根据语境，判断动作的先后顺序或被动情况。 e.g. It was the first time he had been bitten by a dog. Complete Jack's blog post with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. You should read the passage in a whole and know clearly about what had happened. List the actions in a timeline so that you can find out the order of the things. It is helpful for you to decide what tense and form you should use. Applying the rules Before I turned over a new leaf, I had always been a very lazy student. I was careless about handing in my homework, and none of my assignment deadlines _____________ (meet). Indeed, I would deliberately “lose” my homework in my incredibly messy room, so that I could put off ___________ (do) it! had been met doing 改过自新，重新开始 故意地 难以置信地 My parents soon worked out this trick, though, and one day I came home to find that my room _______________ (clean), and my homework _______________ (put) right in the centre of a spotlessly clean desk! A present ___________ (leave) on the desk, too ( I think Mum did that): a book called The Art of Procrastination. had been put had been left had been cleaned 弄懂 一尘不染地 拖延 The author, John Perry, said that procrastination was about ______________ (avoid) the hardest and most important tasks. So, ___________ (make) sure you do your homework, put it second or third on your to-do list, not at the top. Then put one or two really hard things you don’t want to do at the top of the list. You will procrastinate to avoid the hard stuff －by doing your homework! Posted by Jack at 13:34 avoiding to make 待办事项列表 Work in pairs. Describe the pictures using the past perfect passive. Jack started the habit of cleaning his room last week. This is what his room looked like yesterday morning. What’s your impression on the room? clean, tidy, in order... But two weeks ago, Jack’s room was like this … What’s your impression on this room? messy, disorder ... Jack started the habit of cleaning his room last week. This is what his room looked like yesterday morning. (The floor was clean. The sheet was laid flat on the bed. all the books and clothes were placed neatly and tidily. The pictures on the wall were straight.) But two weeks ago, Jack’s room had been an awful mess. His clothes had been thrown everywhere, the pictures had not been hung straight, and all the drawers had been opened. It had been a very disorderly sort of room, with books and papers lying around everywhere. Work in pairs. Talk about what had happened before you started a new habit of your own. Use the past perfect passive where appropriate. You can make a list of the bad habits that you once had; Mark when you changed the bad habits; Write down what you had done before you changed with past perfect tense, using its passive if necessary. 用括号内动词的正确形式完成下面短文。 To support a sports programme for disadvantaged youth in Hong Kong, an annual charity golf tournament was held on Friday, 23 April 2021. By the end of that year, HK$5 million 1. ____________________ (raise) in spite of the ongoing coronavirus pandemic, according to the organisers. Liang Hongzheng, the club captain, said he was deeply moved when he saw what 2. ____________________ (achieve). “When people had been raised               had been achieved heard that a charity golf tournament 3. ___________________ (plan) during those days, they were eager to participate.” The raised money came from entry fees, raffle ticket (彩票) sales and cash donations. Some funds also came from corporate sponsorships. By the time this report was finished, HK $1 million 4. ____________________ (give) to the Home of Loving Faithfulness, which has been providing lifelong care for children and adults with physical and mental disabilities since 1965. The tournament is one of the most important events on the city's sporting calendar and has welcomed international players since 1959. had been given was being planned Vocabulary building 24 a Match the sentences to the signs. Pay attention to the words and expressions in bold. a b c d e f ( ) 1. Do not litter. ( ) 2. Do not talk loudly in public. ( ) 3. Do not spit in public. ( ) 4. Do not walk on the grass. ( ) 5. Do not smoke. ( ) 6. Do not take photos. a b e f c d Vocabulary building 25 Complete the conversations with the correct form of the words and expressions in Activity 5. 1. A: What do you do when people _________________? B: I put my headphones on. I don’t want to hear other people’s conversations. 2. A: How can we stop people _____________________? B: We should tell them it’s dirty and it can spread diseases. talk loudly in public (from) spitting in public Vocabulary building 26 Complete the conversations with the correct form of the words and expressions in Activity 5. 3. A: What would you do if you saw people ________? B: I would go up to them and ask them to put the litter into a rubbish bin. 4. A: How can we prevent people from _________________? B: If we keep the grass looking really neat, maybe people will realise they shouldn’t walk on it. littering walking on the grass Vocabulary building 27 Complete the conversations with the correct form of the words and expressions in Activity 5. 5. A: What would you do if you saw someone ________ where it’s not allowed? B: I’d politely remind them it’s not permitted, and that they should be considerate of others. 6. A: What would you do if you saw someone ___________ in a museum? B: I’d ask them to stop, because it can damage the exhibits. smoking taking photos Vocabulary building 28 Now work in pairs. Think of more types of inappropriate behaviour and talk about what you think is the right thing to do when faced with them. Vocabulary building 29 Listening & speaking 30 Listening & speaking: While-listening Listen to the interview and choose a topic for it. 1. How to promote values education. 2. How to inspire students to work hard. 3. How to introduce school programmes. 4. How to fairly distribute books and umbrellas. 31 A school in our city came up with an innovative programme to promote the traditional value of 1. ______. School principal Ms Wu gave several examples of how the programme works. To begin with, the school introduced an activity called the “unsupervised examination” for some of the classes. That means during this examination, there is no Listening & speaking: While-listening Listen again and complete the newspaper report. honesty 32 Listening & speaking: While-listening teacher 2. _________________________. Before taking this examination, students first need to 3. ____________ ___________. Students generally expressed that it’s good to feel 4. ______ and they quite enjoyed 5. ____________________ in the examination. In turn, they developed 6. ____________________. present to oversee the students sign a letter of commitment trusted the relaxed atmosphere greater self-control Listen again and complete the newspaper report. 33 Listening & speaking: While-listening The school also introduced what is called the 7. “ _______ __________.” Printed on each umbrella was a short statement about 8. ________________________. At the end of the term, all the umbrellas were returned 9. ___________. None of them had been lost or damaged. honesty umbrella honesty and other values in one piece Listen again and complete the newspaper report. 34 Listening & speaking: While-listening Now Ms Wu and her colleagues plan to introduce the programme to 10. _________________________. Everyone needs to work together to build a culture of honesty. They hope more teachers and students will get involved. another branch of the school Listen again and complete the newspaper report. 35 Listening & speaking: Pair work Now work in pairs. Talk about the significance of promoting values education in schools. 36 Listening & speaking: Summary Complete the boxes with the expressions from the interview. I can give a couple of examples. That is … Let me clarify … For instance, … I mean … Take … as an illustration. To put it another way, … Clarifying what you mean Giving examples 37 Listening & speaking: Summary Clarifying what you mean Giving examples That is … Let me clarify … I mean … To put it another way, … For instance … Take … as an illustration. I can give a couple of examples. Complete the boxes with the expressions from the interview. 38 Listening & speaking: Pair work Work in groups. Discuss how to promote values education at your school using the words and expressions in this section. Now talk about how well you did in offering effective advice or ideas and developing effective solutions in the group discussion. 39 $$ Unit2Improving Yourself Using Language分层作业练习 I 单词拼写 1. Mind your behavior! Keep in mind that it is impolite to ___________( 吐痰) about in public. 2. She is always polite and ________________(体贴的) towards her employees. 3. It’s firmly believed that the teacher's explanation can_______(澄清) the puzzling problem. 4. __________________(拖延症) is not a problem of time management or of planning. 5. It's interesting that he sent me the book twenty days before the __________(截止日期) for my book. 6. Now that the problem has been identified,  ___________ (适当的)action can be taken. 7. After work, the officer put the used newspaper in the paper recycling _________ (垃圾箱). 8. Working in the studio, you should ensure that your player works with your _________(头套式耳机). 9. _______________(难以相信地), she had no idea what was going on. 10. He was one of the most creative and_____________(有创新精神的) engineers of his generation. II 单句语法填空 1. Now that the issue _____________(discuss) before, any other questions was dealt with easily. 2. It's obvious that he ___________(deliberate) destroyed the fence of the garden even without apology. 3. John was late for the business meeting because his flight _____________(delay) by a heavy storm. 4. Tom was careless in __________(prepare) for the coming final exam, which made his parents angry. 5. Do not procrastinate __________ you ought to do, or you will become a loser. 6. How ____________(promote) values education at school has been a heated issue at present. 7. We'd like to remind viewers to be considerate _______ your neighbors and keep TVs turned down. 8. They put off __________(hold) the opening ceremony because of the bad weather. 9. The scientists are beating their brains trying to come up ________ a solution to the problem. 10. ___________(begin) with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam. III 选词组并用其适当的形式填空。 turn over come up with be careless about at the top of in turn work out be involved in to put it another way prevent...from... for instance 1. I'm very much afraid that your son may  _____________ the crime.  2. The student, who was dressed so badly, ___________ his personal appearance. 3. Mr and Mrs Cabin asked the young driver to leave; _____________,  he was fired. 4. The change of the climate also makes the earth warmer. ___________, the warmth of the earth changes the climate, too. 5.  All you had to do was think a little harder and ______________ a new solution. 6. There are jobs more dangerous than truck driving; _____________, training lions. 7. Lizzy picked up the blue envelope and __________ the envelope curiously.   8. His name was _____________ the list, which told us Johns won the first prize. 9. The rule reads: “Industrial waste must ______________ polluting our rivers.” 10.  It took me some time to _____________ what was causing this.  Ⅳ 阅读理解 A HABITAT RESTORATION TEAM （2024全国Ⅰ卷）Help restore and protect Marin's natural areas from the Marin Headlands to Bolinas Ridge. We'll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive (侵入的) plant removal, winter planting, and seed collection. Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys. GROUPS Groups of five or more require special arrangements and must be confirmed in advance. Please review the List of Available Projects and fill out the Group Project Request Form. AGE, SKILLS, WHAT TO BRING Volunteers aged 10 and over are welcome. Read our Youth Policy Guidelines for youth under the age of 15. Bring your completed Volunteer Agreement Form. Volunteers under the age of 18 must have the parent/guardian approval section signed. We'll be working rain or shine. Wear clothes that can get dirty. Bring layers for changing weather and a raincoat if necessary. Bring a personal water bottle, sunscreen, and lunch. No experience necessary. Training and tools will be provided. Fulfills (满足) community service requirements. UPCOMING EVENTS Time Meeting Location Sunday, Jan. 15 10:00 am — 1:00 pm Battery Alexander Trailhead Sunday, Jan. 22 10:00 am — 2:30 pm Stinson Beach Parking Lot Sunday, Jan. 29 9:30 am — 2:30 pm Coyote Ridge Trailhead 1. What is the aim of the Habitat Restoration Team? A. To discover mineral resources. B. To develop new wildlife parks. C. To protect the local ecosystem. D. To conduct biological research. 2. What is the lower age limit for joining the Habitat Restoration Team? A. 5. B. 10. C. 15. D. 18. 3. What are the volunteers expected to do? A. Bring their own tools. B. Work even in bad weather. C. Wear a team uniform. D. Do at least three projects. B （2023·山东淄博·校联考二模）In the threatening trouble of climate change, growing commercial crops on solar farms is a potentially efficient use of agricultural land that can both increase commercial food production and improve solar panel performance and longevity(寿命), according to a new Cornell research. “We now have, for the first time, a physics-based tool to estimate the costs and benefits of co-locating solar panels and commercial agriculture in terms of increased power conversion efficiency and solar-panel longevity, ” said lead author Henry Williams, a doctoral student in Cornell Engineering. “There is potential for agrivoltaic (农业光伏) systems-where agriculture and solar panels coexist-to provide increased passive cooling through taller panel heights, more reflective ground cover and higher evapotranspiration (蒸散) rates compared to traditional solar farms,” said Max Zhang, professor in the Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, “We can generate renewable electricity and conserve farmland through agrivoltaic systems.” In New York, for example, about 40% of solar farm capacity has been developed on agricultural lands, while about 84% of land suitable for solar development is agricultural, according to a previous research study from Zhang’s group. The engineers showed that solar panels mounted over vegetation reveal surface temperature drops compared to those built over bare ground. Solar panels were mounted 4 meters above a cotton crop and the solar panels showed temperature reductions by up to 10 degrees Celsius, compared with those mounted a half-meter above bare soil. “As you decrease the solar panel operating temperature, you can increase efficiency and improve the longevity of your solar panels, ” said Williams, “We’re showing double benefits. On one hand, you have food production for farmers, and on the other hand, we’ve shown improved longevity and improved conversion efficiency for solar developers.” “Up to this point, most of the benefits from agrivoltaic systems have been around areas with abundant sunshine, ” said Zhang, “This research is taking a step toward evaluating the application of agrivoltaics in climates representative of the Northeastern U. S. in relaxing the land-use competition it faces.” 4．What does the new Cornell research convey? A．Growing commercial crops can relieve climate change. B．It’s costly to improve solar panel performance and longevity. C．Commercial agriculture can increase power conversion efficiency. D．The coexistence of solar panels and commercial crops is mutually beneficial. 5．Why does the author list the figures in paragraph 3? A．To show the promising future of agrivoltaics. B．To indicate the lack of solar farms in New York. C．To tell agricultural lands are based on solar farms. D．To demonstrate agricultural farms are more developed. 6．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．The Northeastern US is rich in agricultural lands. B．Hot climate zones are ideal for developing agrivoltaics. C．The research made a breakthrough in land-use competition. D．The application of agrivoltaics in Northeastern US proved practical. 7．Which is a suitable title for the text? A．Approaches to Tackling World Climate Change B．Methods of Increasing Agricultural Production C．Agrivoltaics Have Been Well Received in the US D．Growing Crops at Solar Farms Generates Higher Efficiency Ⅴ 七选五 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question:“Should I jump? This is what motivation or the lack of it can do. Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of same coin. 1 Like the child on the diving board, you will stay undecided. 2 More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal? First, you need to evaluate yourself , your values your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires ,etc. Only then should your you’re your goals You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite important, because it is directly related to your commitment. There are times when your heart is not in your work. 3 So, slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment. Clarity(清晰)of thoughts can help you move forward. Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible. 4 They also need to be measurable. You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals. Your personal circumstances are equally important. For example, you may want to be a Pilot but can’t become one because your eyesight is not good enough. 5 You should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal. You will surely need to overcome some difficulties, some planned, but most unplanned. You cannot overcome them without ample motivation. Make sure that you plan for these difficulties at the time of setting your goals. A. This can affect your work. B. So how should you motivate yourself? C. However, this should not discourage you. D. So why should we try to set specific goals? E. They can change according to circumstances. F. Motivation is what you need most to do a good job. G. Without motivation you can neither set a goal nor reach it. Ⅵ 语法填空 Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level the national parks, in particular, tend ____1____（catch）our attention because of their large size and variety. They are ____2____（treasure）of American heritage（遗产）. How did the national park system come about? On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in ____3____ is now northwestern Wyoming. They ____4____（be）part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. What should ____5____（do）with such a beautiful place? They wondered out loud. This area, with ____6____（it）unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved ____7____all people of the nation to enjoy—as a national park. They all agreed and vowed（承诺）to promote the idea at the ____8____（complete）of their journey. Their promotional work paid off. Two years later, 18 years before Wyoming became a state, Yellowstone became the first national park in the United States and the world. Yellowstone was the ____9____（large）United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, _____10_____ became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. Ⅶ 后续写作 （2023秋·江苏·高三校联考阶段练习）阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。 John flew to the U.S. from his hometown of Glasgow, Scotland when he was 19 years old. He headed to California for a semester studying abroad. It was his first time traveling overseas by himself, and he was a little nervous. Luckily, he met a young Irish couple along the way. They were going to Venice Beach, which wasn’t far from John’s final destination of Newport Beach. They decided to make the final leg of the journey together. There was just one problem: None of them knew how to get to either city from Los Angeles. “I think we may take three or four, maybe even five different bus journeys, possibly going in different directions each time,” John said. Each time they asked bus drivers for directions, they’d end up more confused. They were getting more and more upset. They hadn’t packed much food or water, just not very prepared in every respect. It’s not just that they were kind of tired and hungry. There was certainly a level of anxiety growing in their minds as well. Eventually they decided to find a map. They bought one at a gas station and stood outside, trying to make sense of it. “It couldn’t be more obvious that we have got lost,” John said, laughing helplessly. For about 15 minutes, the group stood outside examining the map. They were on the verge of giving up when a young woman approached them. She was wearing a T-shirt that said “Need help?” “I’m not a person of faith,” John said to the couple. “But I admit that at present I do have a sense of, well, has this person been sent from heaven?” The young woman just looked at them and said, “Do you guys need any help?” The three tired travelers told her how they had gotten lost on the way to Venice Beach. Pointing to a blue car in which sat a middle-aged woman, the young woman replied,“ Maybe my mum and I can help you.” 注意: 1.续写词数应为150左右。 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 They expected the young woman could tell them how to get to Venice Beach but instead she offered something even better. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 　　The next morning the young woman helped John map out a ride to Newport Beach. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$