11.Unit 3 Developing ideas-【上好课】2024-2025学年高二英语同步精品课堂(外研版2019选择性必修第一册)

Unit 3 Faster,higher,stronger Developing ideas 一、单词拼写 1．We b into laughter when we heard the funny joke. 2．Before long he built a strong army and d the enemy. 3．As is expected，the boy will try his best to s the golden chance to go abroad to broaden his horizons. 4．Shackleton a me to be a steward, and I served meals for twenty-eight men. 5．After they were a the task, the crew resolved to complete it on time. 6．The atmosphere on the border of the two countries were so i that an argument could easily escalate into shooting firearms. 7．The UN agency leads international efforts to d world hunger. 8．The English language possesses a v saying to describe this sort of situation. 9．Teenagers should be taught to take initiative and s opportunities. 10．The detailed and v memories of Sam’ summer vacation made him sad for his online course at home. 11．The army was well-trained and well-armed, and had little difficulty d the enemy. 12．Our government has put forward “The Belt and Road Initiative”, which encourages c between China and other countries. 13．In everyday life, the idiom “throwing in the towel" simply means admitting d and giving up. 14．The proposal to change the rules was narrowly d________ by 201 votes to 196. 15．Panic s her and she was frozen at the spot. 16．A water pipe b and the entire apartment was flooded. 17．Our team was d last night, which made us sad and disappointed. 18．The book is sure to fuel children’s imagination with its v stories. 19．Our ambitions for this t have been defeated by the weather. 20．Today’s competition among youths to enter the first-class university is i . 21．He gave a v description of his life as a fighter pilot. 22．Jacky d his opponents and won the first prize in the final of the 100-metre dash. 23．In Rio, the Chinese women’s volleyball team needed all of its fighting spirit after it was a to the “group of death”. 24．At the World Championship, Jack d all his opponents and became the champion. 25．He let the ball slip through his grasp and into the n . 26．The s went well, and the transplant is functioning well. 27．Hard as he tried, he was d in the speech contest. 28．The young mechanic had v memories of his happy childhood. 29．The flash of light from the car coming in his way was so i that he had to cover his eyes. 30．Underdog is not a dog which is d by other dogs, but an athlete who seems to have little chance to win. 31．If you don’t play hard, you will be easily d by your competitors. 32．I s every opportunity to communicate with foreigners, which advances my understanding of western countries. 33．We believe good communication helps to achieve closer c between parents and schools. 34．He d the champion in three sets yesterday. 35．Argentina d France and won the championship in the World Cup. 36．Under the background of economic globalization, the manufacturing industry is facing very i competition. 37．She will have to receive a s to have her kidney changed because of the serious disease. 38．By working with others you develop a lot of key skills, c , communication, building agreement and others. 39．The English language possesses a v saying to describe this sort of situation. The terrible secret is called “a skeleton in the cupboard”. 40．That water pipe b________ and the house was under two feet of water. 二、根据汉语提示完成句子 41．His new book presents （这个难题的新办法）. 42．Sandra was determined to become a doctor and her persistence (取得成功) 43．They were （又蹦又跳）and screaming excitedly. 44．Sandra was determined to become a doctor and her persistence (取得成功；得到好结果) 45．The Chinese women’s volleyball team (被分配到) the “group of death”. 46．After all these years, we finally (还清了我们所有的债务). 47．Many people have experienced difficulty in （还清）the debts. 48．I was uncertain whether the young man had (以前的经验) of such work. 49．His efforts (得到回报) when he got an A in the oral English test. 50．My little brother slipped and injured his knee when he attempted (抓住) the toy plane which was flying. 51．He is extremely good at describing the adventures of tough men who he believes “can ”. (可能被毁灭但不能被击败) 52．The efforts of the scientist and his team finally (成功，奏效，取得回报). 53．I need to (还清）all my debt before I leave the country. 54．The efforts of Tu and her team finally (成功，奏效). 55．Perseverance always (取得成功), for this is how you break through the limits and your potential gets dug up. 56．All those years of hard work finally (取得成功，带来好结果) when he won the award. 57．The distinctive characteristics of poetry often include economical use of words, (描述性的和生动的语言), integrated imagery, literary devices such as similes and metaphors, and arrangement of words, lines, rhymes, and rhythm. 58． (展现出坚强的意志和钢铁般的勇气), they played a close match against Serbia to seize gold in the final. 59．I go to communicate with my teacher about the homework （有时）. 60．And there we see the Chinese players embracing, (眼里含着幸福的泪水). 三、语法填空 1 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在 给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Athletes are not only competitors, but good friends—that’s a main attraction of the Olympics. That’s 61 athletes send best wishes to their competitors, even if they have themselves lost. As competitors they compete for gold, but as friends they work together to challenge limits. The hugs received from other competitors are always remarked in the Games because the true Olympic spirit is 62 victory and national boundaries. Winning a medal is definitely important, but one needs a golden heart to cope with all the difficulties on the field and still congratulate their competitors. That’s what makes the Olympics 63 (attract). 2 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡相应位置上。 When the modern Olympic Games 64 (start) in 1896 in Athens, Greece, there was no such thing as the Winter Olympics. 65 (player) competed only in the Summer Games. However, there were the Nordic Games, a 66 (compete) of winter sports that took place every few years starting from 1901. But the Nordic Games were only open to athletes 67 Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden. The winter sports were popular, so in 1924 an International Winter Sports Week 68 (hold) in Chamonix, France. About 250 athletes from 16 countries competed in nine sports and there were 11 female athletes, 69 competed in figure skating. Still, the Winter Olympics were under way, adding more sports to the games, 70 (especial) more sports for women. Women got the chance 71 (take) part in skiing, ice hockey (冰球) 72 other sports. Now the Games have such 73 (interest) events as snowboarding and bobsledding (雪橇车比赛). 四、阅读理解 1 The Chinese women’s soccer team rekindled their famous fighting spirit to end a 16-year wait to lift the Asian Cup. Having trailed 2-0 in the final in Navi Mumbai, India, on the night of February 6, 2022, the team summoned all of their determination and resolve to battle back and tie the game before Xiao Yuyi fired home a dramatic 93rd-minute goal from Wang Shanshan’s assist to secure the title. The victory earned China a record ninth Asian Cup title, which atoned for their disappointing performance at the Tokyo 2020 Olympics. China’s Tokyo 2020 participation ended with a shocking 8-2 defeat at the hands of the Netherlands, showing just how far Chinese women’s soccer had fallen behind the game’s elite nations. The huge turnaround in fortunes made the win extra special for fans. “Although the players come from different cities, we need to come together. We never let our heads drop when we were 0-2 down. The players overcame both their opponents and themselves,” said the head coach Shui Qingxia. The Steel Roses’ victory completely dominated discussion on Chinese social media. The topic “Chinese women’s team wins Asian Cup” was viewed over 1.1 billion times by February 7, but that was just one of 10 trending topics related to the women’s team on Weibo. Countless thrilled people commented that “The whole team is worthy of every praise.” After their victory, media and experts urged for greater support for the development of the women’s game. A number of Chinese companies have already taken it upon themselves to reward them, with dairy giant Mengniu Group gifting the team 10 million yuan after its heroics. Now the work is to continue to revive past glories, as well as improve the standard of the domestic leagues and youth training to give the country a better chance of producing more great players. This victory certainly showed that such targets can be realized. The women’s soccer team has great spirit and skill. They are our role models! 74．What do we know about the Chinese women’s soccer team from paragraph 1? A．They won the Asian Cup for the first time. B．They turned defeat into victory in the game. C．They made a miracle at the Tokyo Olympics. D．They earned China a leading role in world soccer. 75．What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A．The public response to the Steel Roses’ victory. B．The development of the Chinese women’s soccer. C．Effects of Chinese social media on soccer athletes. D．Companies’ support for the Chinese women’s team. 76．What does the author think of the goal of producing more great players? A．It is ambitious. B．It is achievable. C．It is impractical. D．It is controversial. 2 A kind of sport called e­sports is attracting a large number of audience. However, this latest sports craze is not even a sport. In e­sports, players and teams compete in popular video computer games such as Dota 2 and Ovenvatch. Fans fill arenas (竞技场) to watch the action live on huge television screens. The games have gone way past kids playing against each other while sitting on a sofa at home. The International, a major competition for players of Dota 2,awarded $24 million in prizes, with the winner taking home almost $11 million. A recent e­sports competition attracted more than 80,000 fans to the Olympic Stadium in Beijing, China. I have to admit that I am not a big fan of computer games. I know that some games can be educational, but I think too many kids spend too much time sitting in front of a screen shooting space aliens. I think it would be better if kids spent more time reading or playing real sports such as basketball, baseball and soccer. And please don’t tell me that competitive gaming is a real sport because it requires hand­eye  coordination. According to my American Heritage Dictionary, a sport is “an activity involving (包含) physical exertion and skill”. I don’t think anyone needs physical effort while playing video games. Too often, regular sports send kids a kind of message. Competition starts early, when lots of kids are not ready for the ups and downs of games. Tryouts and travel teams come next, giving too many kids the message they are “not good” at sports. So lots of kids quit sports and start playing more video games. Maybe everyone in youth sports, including coaches,parents and kids,should think more about the advantages of real sports. 77．What are “e­sports” according to the text? A．Video computer game competitions. B．Sports events on television screens. C．The latest sports in the Olympic Games. D．Easy sports games for kids. 78．What does the underlined word “exertion” in Paragraph 5 mean? A．Growth. B．Fitness. C．Energy. D．Effort. 79．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To introduce a new kind of sport. B．To call on people to pay more attention to traditional sports. C．To explain the importance of playing sports. D．To introduce a competition held in Beijing. 时，故填assigned。 5．assigned/ssigned 【解析】考查谓语动词的语态。句意：分配给他们任务后，全体船员决心按时完成。分析句子可知，After引导的时间状语从句中谓语不完整，根据空前were，结合句意，可知填动词assign“布置（任务），分配”的过去分词形式，构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填assigned。 6．intense/ntense 【解析】考查形容词。句意：两国边境的气氛非常紧张，争吵很容易升级为枪战。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作表语，表示“紧张的”用intense。故填intense。 7．defeat/efeat 【解析】考查动词。句意：这个联合国机构领导国际社会努力战胜世界饥饿。根据所给首字母和句意可知，此处应用动词“defeat战胜，打败”，根据空前的to可知，且此处为动词不定式to do作目的状语，故填defeat。 8．vivid/ivid 【解析】考查形容词。句意：英语中有一个生动的说法来描述这种情况。根据“to describe this sort of situation”和首字母v可知，此处是指一个生动的说法，所以应用形容词vivid表示“生动的”作定语。故填vivid。 9．seize/eize 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：应该教育青少年采取主动，抓住机会。根据句意“抓住”和首字母提示可知，此处为动词seize，位于动词不定式符号to后面，需填动词原形。故填seize。 10．vivid/ivid 【解析】考查形容词。句意：山姆对暑假的详细而生动的回忆让他对在家上在线课程感到难过。根据单词首字母以及句意“生动的”可知应填形容词vivid，作定语。故填vivid。 11．defeating/efeating 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这支军队训练有素，装备精良，击败敌人毫不费力。结合句意和首字母提示，应用使用动词defeat表示“打败”；have difficulty (in) doing sth.为固定短语，意为“做某事有困难”，其后跟动名词作宾语。故填defeating。 12．cooperation/ooperation 【解析】考查名词。句意：我国政府提出了“一带一路”倡议，鼓励中国与其他国家开展合作。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应用名词cooperation，作宾语，不可数。故填cooperation。 13．defeat/efeat 【解析】考查名词。句意：在日常生活中，“throw in the towel”这个习语的意思就是承 参考答案 一、 1．burst/urst 【解析】考查动词。句意：听到那个有趣的笑话，我们突然大笑起来。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处使用动词burst，由when we heard the funny joke可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填burst。 2．defeated/efeated 【解析】考查动词。句意：不久，他建立了一支强大的军队，击败了敌人。根据“built a strong army”“the enemy”以及首字母提示可知，空处应用动词defeat，意为“击败”，表示建立强大的军队击败敌人，且时间状语为Before long，时态为一般过去时，应用defeat的过去式defeated。故填defeated。 3．seize/eize 【解析】考查动词。句意：正如所料，这个男孩将尽力抓住这个出国的黄金机会来开阔视野。try one’s best to do sth.是固定短语，意为“尽力做某事”，结合句意，表示“抓住（机会）”用动词seize。故填seize。 4．assigned/ssigned 【解析】考查动词。句意：沙克尔顿派我当管家，我为28个人提供食物。根据句意及首字母提示可知，assign“分派，布置工作”，动词，结合served可知句子使用 一般过去认失败，放弃。 根据单词首字母以及句意“失败”，可知应填名词defeat，作宾语，为不可数名词。故填defeat。 14．defeated/efeated 【解析】考查动词语态。句意：修改规则的提议以201票对196票险胜。根据空后by 201 votes to 196可知，提议险胜了，空处应用动词defeat，与主语The proposal之间是被动关系，动词使用过去分词形式defeated，与空前的was构成一般过去时的被动语态，narrowly defeated表示“险胜”。故填defeated。 15．seized/eized 【解析】考查时态。句意：她惊慌失措，当场僵住了。根据下文“she was frozen at the spot(当场僵住了)”可知，上文说的是她很害怕，恐惧突然向她袭来，再根据首字母提示，seize(侵袭；突然控制)表达的含义与句子表达的含义一致，因句子表达的是发生在过去的动作，应用一般过去时。故填seized。 16．burst/urst 【解析】考查动词。句意：一根水管爆裂了，整栋大楼都被淹没了。根据单词首字母以及句意“爆裂”可知应填动词burst，结合后文the entire apartment was flooded可知应该使用一般过去时。故填burst。 17．defeated/efeated 【解析】考查语态。句意：昨天晚上我们队被打败了，这使我们很悲伤失望。此处表被动用过去分词，故填defeated。 18．vivid/ivid 【解析】考查形容词。句意：这本书中生动的故事一定会激发孩子们的想象力。结合句子结构和首字母提示可知，形容词vivid“生动的”符合题意，作定语修饰名词stories。故填vivid。 19．tournament/ournament 【解析】考查名词。句意：我们这次比赛的雄心壮志被天气打败了。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中做宾语，使用名词。根据上文“Our ambitions(我们的雄心壮志)”以及下文“have been defeated(被打败)”可推理出空白处应填表示“比赛”含义的名词，根据首字母提示，以字母 t 开头且表示“比赛”含义的名词为：tournament，此处指这次比赛，为单数意义，故填 tournament。 20．intense/ntense 【解析】考查形容词。句意：如今，年轻人争夺进入一流大学的竞争十分激烈。分析句子可知，空格处应填入形容词作表语。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处指“激烈的”，应用intense，意为“激烈的；强烈的”。故填intense。 21．vivid/ivid 【解析】考查形容词。句意：他生动地描述了他作为一名战斗机飞行员的生活。根据“冠词+形容词+名词”的语言表达结构，通过分析可知“a” 与“description”之间需要一个形容词作定语。故填vivid。 22．defeated 【解析】考查时态。句意：她打败了对手，在100米短跑决赛中获得了第一名。根据首字母及句意可知，此处意为“打败”，表达为defeat；且句中and并列连词，连接前后两个谓语动词，根据won可知，此处也应填一般过去时，故填defeated。 【点睛】 23．assigned/ssigned 【解析】考查动词。句意：在里约热内卢中，中国女排在被分到“死亡组”后，需要展现出全部的战斗精神。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处是动词assign，与空前was构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填assigned。 24．defeated/efeated 【解析】考查动词和时态。句意：在世界锦标赛上，杰克击败了他所有的对手，成为冠军。分析句意再根据首字母提示可知，此处用动词defeat表示“击败”符合语境，再根据下文的became可知，本句的时态为一般过去时，所以用动词的过去式形式。故填defeated。 25．net/et 【解析】考查名词。句意：他让球从他的手指上滑过，落尽网里。根据所给首字母和句意可知，此处意为“网”，故应用名词net作宾语，且特指这个网，为单数，故填net。 26．surgery/urgery 【解析】考查名词。句意：手术进行得很顺利，器官移植也很顺利。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处使用名词surgery，作主语，特指这次移植手术，应用名词单数形式。故填surgery。 27．defeated/efeated 【解析】考查动词。句意：尽管他很努力，但在演讲比赛中还是输了。根据句意和首字母可知，此处使用动词defeat，且应用过去分词，与空前was构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填defeated。 28．vivid/ivid 【解析】考查形容词。句意：这位年轻的机械师对他快乐的童年记忆犹新。结合句意及首字母提示可知，vivid“生动的”，形容词，在句中作定语修饰名词“memories”，故填vivid。 29．intense/ntense 【解析】考查形容词。句意：迎面而来的汽车发出的闪光太强烈了，他不得不捂住眼睛。根据首字母提示和句意可知，形容词tense“强烈的”符合题意，作表语。故填intense。 30．defeated/efeated 【解析】考查动词。句意：Underdog不是指被其他狗打败的狗，而是指几乎没有获胜机会的运动员。根据空后的by可知，本句需用被动语态，空前已有be动词，所以空处应填动词过去分词形式，根据句意和所给首字母，应是defeat译为“击败”。故填defeated。 31．defeated/efeated 【解析】考查动词。句意：如果你不努力，你会很容易被你的竞争对手打败。根据句意和提示的首字母可知，此处应用动词defeat“打败”，defeat与句子主语you之间为被动关系，应用过去分词，与空前的will be构成一般将来时的被动语态。故填defeated。 32．seize/eize 【解析】考查动词。句意：我抓住每一个与外国人交流的机会，这提高了我对西方国家的了解。根据单词首字母以及句意“抓住”可知应填动词seize，作谓语，根据后文advances可知为一般现在时，主语为I，谓语用原形。故填seize。 33．cooperation/ooperation 【解析】考查名词。句意：我们相信，良好的沟通有助于加强家长与学校之间的合作。分析句子，设空处应该使用名词作宾语。表示“合作”用cooperation，其为不可数名词。故填cooperation。 34．defeated/efeated 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：他三盘击败了冠军。根据句意和首字母提示可知，应填defeat“打败”作谓语，由yesterday可知用一般过去时，故填defeated。 35．defeated/efeated 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：阿根廷在世界杯比赛中打败了法国，获得了冠军。分析句子结构，空处为句子谓语，结合后文and并列谓语won为一般过去时可知，空处谓语也需要用一般过去时；表示“打败”为defeat，符合句意和首字母提示。故填defeated。 36．intense/ntense 【解析】考查形容词。句意：在经济全球化的背景下，制造业面临着非常激烈的竞争。根据“the background of economic globalization”“competition”和首字母提示可推知，形容词intense符合题意，意为“激烈的”，作修饰competition的定语，表示由于经济全球化，竞争非常激烈。故填intense。 37．surgery/urgery 【解析】考查名词。句意：由于病情严重，她将不得不接受肾脏移植手术。设空处使用名词作宾语，表示“手术”用surgery。故填surgery。 38．cooperation/ooperation 【解析】考查名词。句意：通过与他人一起工作，你可以培养很多关键技能，如合作、沟通、建立协议等。分析句子，设空处使用名词作宾语，根据首字母和句意，表示“合作”用cooperation，表抽象意义，不可数，故填cooperation。 39．vivid/ivid 【解析】考查形容词。句意：英语中有一个生动的说法来描述这种情况。这个可怕的秘密被称为“柜中骷髅”。结合句意和首字母提示，用形容词vivid作定语，意为“生动的，形象的”。故填vivid。 40．burst/urst 【解析】考查动词和一般过去时。句意：水管破裂了，房子淹没在两英尺深的水里。根据“the house was under two feet of water”和首字母b可知，此处是指水管破裂了，所以应用动词burst表示“破裂”，且应用一般过去时。故填burst。 二、 41． a new approach to the difficulty 【解析】考查冠词、名词和固定短语。句意：他的新书提出了解决这一难题的新方法。present为及物动词，后接approach作宾语，approach为可数名词，本句泛指“ 一种新方法”，且new首字母的发音为辅音音素，所以冠词为a, approach to “……的方法”，to 为介词，后接名词the difficulty作宾语。故填①a②new③approach④to⑤the⑥difficulty。 42．paid off 【解析】考查动词短语。句意：Sandra决心成为一名医生，她的坚持取得了成功。根据所给汉语提示可知，此处应用动词短语pay off，作谓语动词，且根据空前was可知，此处应用一般过去时，故填paid off。 43． jumping up and down 【解析】考查时态语态和固定短语。句意：他们又蹦又跳，兴奋地尖叫。固定搭配jump up and down译为“又蹦又跳、上蹿下跳”。主语they和谓语jump up and down是主动关系，又根据空格前的were可知，此处要使用过去进行时。故填jumping up and down。 44． paid off 【解析】考查动词短语和时态。句意：Sandra决心成为一名医生，她的坚持得到了回报。分析句子可知，and后的分句缺谓语，结合汉语提示“取得成功：得到好结果”可知，用短语pay off，该短语表示“（努力、付出）得到回报”时无被动。第一个分句谓语用了一般过去时，结合句意空处也用一般过去时。故填paid off。 45．was assigned to 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：中国女排被列入“死亡组”。“被分配到”为短语be assigned to，主语The Chinese women’s volleyball team和动词assign是被动关系，句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，主语是The Chinese women’s volleyball team，强调一个整体，为单数意义，be动词应用was，故填was assigned to。 46．paid off all our debts 【解析】考查动词短语。句意：经过这么多年，我们终于还清了所有的债务。“还清”使用动词短语pay off，“我们所有的债务”译为all our debts，结合句意可知，句子是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，故填paid off all our debts。 47． paying off 【解析】考查固定短语。句意：许多人在偿还债务时都有困难。根据汉语提示“还清”可知短语为pay off，作介词的宾语应用动名词。故填①paying；②off。 48．previous experience 【解析】考查形容词和名词。句意：我不确定这个年轻人是否有过以前从事此类工作的经验。根据汉语提示可知，“experience”意为“经验”，为不可数名词，“previous”意为“以前的”，形容词词性，作定语修饰“experience”，“previous experience”表示“以前的经验”。故填previous experience。 49．paid off 【解析】考查动词短语。句意：当他参加了英语口语考试时，他的努力得到了回报 。根据汉语提示，应填pay off“得到回报”，由when he got an A in the oral English test可知，此处描述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填paid off。 50．to seize/catch/grasp/capture 【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：我年幼的弟弟在试图抓住正在飞行的玩具飞机时滑了一跤，伤了膝盖。根据汉语提示可知，seize/catch/grasp/capture都可以表示“抓住”，是动词，attempt to do sth.“试图做某事”，故用不定式作宾语，故填 to seize/catch/grasp/capture. 51． be destroyed but not defeated 【解析】考查情态动词的被动语态。句意：他非常擅长描述那些他认为“可能被摧毁，但不能被打败”的硬汉们的冒险经历。表示“毁灭”用destroy，表示“击败”用defeat，设空处置于情态动词can之后，故使用情态动词的被动语态结构，表示“但是”用but，连接前后两个过去分词，构成转折关系。故答案为be destroyed but not defeated. 52．paid off 【解析】考查固定短语。句意：这位科学家和他的团队的努力终于得到了回报。根据汉语提示“成功，奏效，取得回报”可知短语为pay off，结合语境应用一般过去时。故填paid off。 53．pay off 【解析】考查短语。句意：我需要在离开这个国家之前还清所有的债务。pay off意为“还清”。结合need to do sth.“需要做某事”，可知填入动词原形。故填pay off。 54．paid off 【解析】考查固定短语和时态。句意：图和她团队的努力最终成功了。空格处作谓语，根据所给汉语提示“成功，奏效”是固定短语pay off，结合句意应用一般过去时。故填paid off。 55． pays off 【解析】考查动词短语。句意：坚持总是有回报的，因为这就是你突破极限、挖掘潜力的方式。根据中文提示可知，表示“取得成功”应用pay off，为固定搭配，且由后文知，这里时态也应用一般现在时，主语Perseverance为第三人称单数形式。故填pays off。 56．paid off 【解析】考查短语和时态。句意：所有这些年的辛勤工作终于在他获奖时得到了回报。“取得成功，带来好结果”为短语pay off，由从句谓语won可知，句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，所以动词pay应用过去式，故填paid off。 57． descriptive　 and vivid language 【解析】考查形容词和名词。句意：诗歌的显著特点通常包括：用词简洁、语言描述生动、形象、具备整合的意象、使用明喻和隐喻等文学手法，词、句韵、节奏等编排有序。表示“描述的”应用形容词descriptive，表示“生动的”用形容词vivid，两个并列，并列作定语，用and连接，表示“语言”用名词language，结合汉语提示，故填①descriptive；②and；③vivid；④language。 58．Showing a strong will and the steeliest nerves 【解析】考查形容词，名词和非谓语动词。句意：他们表现出坚强的意志和最坚强的意志，与塞尔维亚队打了一场势均力敌的比赛，在决赛中夺得金牌。“展现出”是show，“坚强的意志”是a strong will，“钢铁般的勇气”是the steeliest nerves，“和”用and，句中谓语是played，空格处用非谓语动词，they和show之间是主动关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，位于句首的单词首字母要大写，故填Showing a strong will and the steeliest nerves。 59． now and then 【解析】考查固定短语。句意：我有时会去和老师沟通作业的事。短语now and then表示“有时、偶尔”在句子中作时间状语，故填now and then。 60．with tears of happiness in their eyes 【解析】考查with复合结构。句意：在那里，我们看到中国球员在拥抱，眼里含着幸福的泪水。分析句子结构，空处在句中作状语，可以用with复合结构表示。“with+宾语+宾补”为固定用法。“幸福的泪水”可表示为tears of happiness，为名词短语，可作宾语；“眼里”可表示为in their eyes，为介词短语，可作宾补。故填with tears of happiness in their eyes。 三 1 61．why 62．beyond 63．attractive 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了运动员要具备奥林匹克精神。 61．考查表语从句。句意：这就是为什么运动员们会给他们的竞争对手送上最好的祝福，即使他们自己输了。空处引导表语从句，从句缺少原因状语，需用连接副词why引导。故填why。 62．考查介词。句意：在奥运会上，来自其他选手的拥抱常被展现出来，因为真正的奥林匹克精神超越胜利，超越国界。根据句意可知，此处表达“超越胜利，超越国界”。表示“超越”应用介词beyond。故填beyond。 63．考查形容词。句意：这就是奥运会的魅力所在。“make+宾语+宾语补足语”为固定用法，空处需填形容词attractive作宾语补足语。故填attractive。 2 64．started 65．Players 66．competition 67．from 68．was held 69．who 70．especially 71．to take 72．and 73．interesting 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了冬奥会的由来及现状。 64．考查动词时态。句意：1896年现代奥林匹克运动会在希腊雅典举行时，还没有冬季奥运会。空处为状语从句的谓语动词，根据时间状语“in 1896”可知，此处时态为一般过去时，因此需使用动词的过去式。故填started。 65．考查名词。句意：运动员们只有在夏季奥运会竞争。空处需填名词作主语，此处泛指一类人，需用名词复数形式，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Players。 66．考查名词。句意：然而，从1901年开始，每隔几年举办一次的冬季运动比赛——北欧运动会。不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词，空处需填名词competition。故填competition。 67．考查介词。句意：但北欧运动会只对来自丹麦、芬兰、挪威和瑞典的运动员开放。介词from意为“来自”，句中它的宾语是Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden，此处为介词短语作定语修饰名词athletes。故填from。 68．考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：冬季运动很受欢迎，所以1924年在法国夏蒙尼举行了国际冬季运动周。根据句子结构分析可知，此处需要谓语动词，因为主语an International Winter Sports Week与动词hold是被动关系，时间状语1924表明是一般过去时，因此需使用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为单数名词，be动词用was。故填was held。 69．考查定语从句。句意：来自16个国家的约250名运动员参加了9个项目的比赛，其中有11名女运动员参加了花样滑冰比赛。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词11 female athletes，指人，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词who引导。故填who。 70．考查副词。句意：尽管如此，冬季奥运会仍在进行中，增加了更多的运动项目，尤其是针对女性的运动项目。此处需要使用副词作评注性状语，需使用especially。故填especially。 71．考查非谓语动词。句意：女性有机会参加滑雪、冰球和其他运动。名词chance后常用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to take。 72．考查连词。句意同上。此处skiing, ice hockey与other sports是并列关系，需要使用连词and连接。故填and。 73．考查形容词。句意：现在奥运会有单板滑雪和雪橇滑雪等有趣的项目。修饰名词events，指物，需用-ing结尾的形容词interesting，作定语。故填interesting。 四、 1 74．B 75．A 76．B 【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。本文主要介绍了中国女足第九次夺得亚洲杯冠军，介绍了公众对这次胜利的反应，以及这次胜利表明培养更多优秀运动员的目标是可以实现的。 74．细节理解题。根据第一段“The Chinese women’s soccer team rekindled their famous fighting spirit to end a 16-year wait to lift the Asian Cup. Having trailed 2-0 in the final in Navi Mumbai, India, on the night of February 6, 2022, the team summoned all of their determination and resolve to battle back and tie the game before Xiao Yuyi fired home a dramatic 93rd-minute goal from Wang Shanshan’s assist to secure the title.(中国女足重新燃起了她们著名的斗志，结束了16年的等待，举起了亚洲杯。2022年2月6日晚，在印度新孟买举行的决赛中，中国队以0比2落后，但她们鼓足了全部的决心，奋起反击，将比分追平。随后，在第93分钟，在王珊珊的助攻下，肖玉仪攻入一球，将比分扳平)”可知，中国女足在比赛中化失败为胜利。故选B。 75．主旨大意题。根据第四段“The Steel Roses’ victory completely dominated discussion on Chinese social media. The topic “Chinese women’s team wins Asian Cup” was viewed over 1.1 billion times by February 7, but that was just one of 10 trending topics related to the women’s team on Weibo. Countless thrilled people commented that “The whole team is worthy of every praise.” After their victory, media and experts urged for greater support for the development of the women’s game. A number of Chinese companies have already taken it upon themselves to reward them, with dairy giant Mengniu Group gifting the team 10 million yuan after its heroics.(钢铁玫瑰的胜利完全主导了中国社交媒体的讨论。截至2月7日，“中国女足赢得亚洲杯”这一话题的浏览量已超过11亿次，但这只是微博上与女足相关的10个热门话题之一。无数激动的人评论说：“整个团队配得上每一个表扬。”在她们获胜后，媒体和专家呼吁对女子网球的发展给予更大的支持。一些中国公司已经主动对她们进行了奖励，乳业巨头蒙牛集团在她们的英雄事迹之后，给了她们1000万元的奖励)”可知，第四段主要讲的是公众对“钢铁玫瑰”胜利的反应。故选A。 76．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Now the work is to continue to revive past glories, as well as improve the standard of the domestic leagues and youth training to give the country a better chance of producing more great players. This victory certainly showed that such targets can be realized. The women’s soccer team has great spirit and skill. They are our role models!(现在的工作是继续恢复过去的辉煌，以及提高国内联赛和青年训练的水平，以使国家有更好的机会培养更多的优秀球员。这次胜利当然表明，这样的目标是可以实现的。这支女子足球队精神和技术都很好。她们是我们的榜样！)”可推知，作者认为培养更多优秀运动员的目标是可以实现的。故选B。 2 77．A 78．D 79．B 【解析】本文是议论文。文中作者介绍了电子竞技受欢迎的现象，表达了对此现象的担忧。建议我们看到真正运动的好处，呼吁人们更多地关注传统体育。 77．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In esports, players and teams compete in popular video computer games such as Dota 2 and Ovenvatch. Fans fill arenas  (竞技场) to watch the action live on huge television screens.”（在电子竞技中，玩家和团队在Dota2和Ovenvatch等流行的电子游戏中竞争。粉丝们挤满了球场，在巨大的电视屏幕上观看现场直播。）由此可知，电子竞技是电脑游戏的比赛。故选A。 78．词句猜测题。结合第五段，此处是作者从美国传统辞典上查阅的关于运动的定义，“an activity involving physical exertion and skill.”（一项包含身体exertion和技术的活动）划线词语由physical修饰，结合常识和下句“I don’t think anyone needs physical effort while playing video games.”（我不认为任何人在玩电子游戏时需要体力劳动。）可知，此处指体力活动，身体的努力。划线词和下句中的“effort”同义。故选D。 79．推理判断题。文中作者介绍了电子竞技受欢迎的现象，表达了对此现象的担忧。根据第四段中的“I think it would be better if kids spent more time reading or playing real sports such as basketball, baseball and soccer.”（我认为如果孩子们能花更多的时间来阅读或玩真正的运动，比如篮球、棒球和足球，那就更好了）和最后一段“Maybe everyone in youth sports, including coaches, parents and kids, should think more about the advantages of real sports.”（也许每个年轻人，包括教练、父母和孩子，都应该多想想体育运动的好处）可知，作者呼吁人们应该更多地关注传统体育。故选B。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$Unit 3 Faster, higher, stronger Developing ideas 外研版2019必修第一册 1.cheat v.欺骗,作弊 (教材原句)Using video technology to help judge our sporting competitions can make sure that no one cheats.使用视频技术来帮助评判体育比赛能确保没有人作弊。 【知识拓展】 cheat sb.(out) of sth.　　阻止某人得到某物 cheat sb. into doing sth. 欺骗某人做某事 get cheated 被骗 cheat in the exam 考试作弊 cheat death(=have a narrow escape) 死里逃生,幸免于难 【知识微练】单句语法填空/句式升级 ①People making friends online are afraid of getting _________(cheat). ②The man cheated the traveler _____buying his goods. ③Have you found the girl who cheated in the exam yesterday? →Have you found the girl ____________________________? (用非谓语动词改写)  cheated into cheating in the exam yesterday 2.remarkable adj.非凡的,不寻常的 (2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)After two years, the second group saw remarkable improvements in heart health. 两年后,第二组志愿者的心脏健康状况明显改善。 (2023·全国乙卷)The remarkable development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, means there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years. 这个城市的显著发展,是有意识地在保护过去的同时步入现代世界,这意味着这里总是有新的东西可以发现,我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。 【知识拓展】 (1)remark 　　　　n.言论;谈论;评论 vt.&vi.谈论,评论;谈到 make a remark/remarks on/upon 对……发表评论 (2)remark on/upon 评论…… remark that... 评论……;谈到…… (3)remarkably adv.显著地;非常地;引人注目地 【知识微练】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①People often remark _________ how alike John and Malcolm look. ②He once remarked _____ “All happy families resemble one another,but each unhappy family is unhappy in its own way.” ③Thanks to your constant encouragement, I have been making ___________ (remark) progress in English. ④Foreign guests ______________________________the children while they were watching the performance.   外国客人在观看表演时对孩子们发表了评论。 on/upon that remarkable made a remark/remarks on/upon 3.burst onto 突然出现在……(指突然成功) (教材原句)In the 1980s, the team burst onto the international volleyball scene with several major world titles. 20世纪80年代,这支队伍凭借几项重要的世界(冠军)头衔,在国际排球界崭露头角。 She, who turns 18 this month,burst onto the music scene last year with a best-selling album,and a hit single. 在这个月满18周岁的她,去年凭借热卖专辑和热门单曲在音乐界引起轰动。 【知识拓展】 burst in　　 　　闯入;突然出现;打断 burst into 突然开始……;突然闯入…… burst out+doing 突然……起来 burst into tears=burst out crying放声大哭 burst into laughter=burst out laughing突然大笑起来 burst into flame 点火;着火;一下子燃烧起来;突然烧起来 【知识微练】单句语法填空/一句多译 ①We were talking happily when Mike burst ___. ②The police burst _____ the house and arrested the man. ③His remarks made all the people present burst into _________(laugh). ④听到自己被骗了,老太太放声大哭。 →Hearing herself cheated,the old woman _______________.   →Hearing herself cheated,the old woman _______________.  in into laughter burst into tears burst out crying 4.assign v.分配,分派 (2022·浙江1月高考)When Dr.Henderson was assigning project mates for his psychology class, I secretly hoped he would pair me with my best friend or at least a classmate I could have some fun with. 当亨德森博士为他的心理学课程分配项目伙伴时,我暗自希望他能把我和我最好的朋友或者至少是一个可以一起玩的同学配对。 But learning that we’ll be randomly assigned to do the oral practice, I’d like to express my different voice. 但是得知我们将被随机分配做口语练习,我想表达我不同的声音。 【知识拓展】 (1)assign sb.sth.=assign sth.to sb.分配某人某物 assign sb.to sth. 指派/委派某人做某事 assign sb.to do sth. 派某人做某事(做一项工作或任某一职务) (2)assignment n.分配的任务;(工作等的)分派,布置 【知识微练】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The workers ______________(assign) the task of rebuilding the hospital last week.  ②For each ____________(assign), I was to write the best essay I could. ③They made up their minds to __________________________the complicated task.  他们决定指派最优秀的人去完成这项复杂的任务。 were assigned assignment assign the best man to finish 5.pay off 取得成功 (教材原句)Their perseverance paid off with an epic comeback against the defending champion Brazil in the quarter-finals.四分之一决赛对抗卫冕冠军巴西队时,她们的顽强毅力得到了回报,她们惊人地赢得了东山再起的机会。 The audience erupted into loud applause and David’s efforts to finish the race eventually paid off. 观众们爆发出热烈的掌声,大卫为完成比赛所付出的努力最终得到了回报。 【知识拓展】 pay for　　　　　为……支付 pay back 偿还,报答 pay attention to 注意 pay a visit to 参观;拜访 【知识微练】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①It’s not surprising that you won the medal, considering how much you paid ____ it. ②You can pay ______ the loan over a period of three years. ③As a proverb goes,“Where there is a will,there is a way.” Our efforts will pay ____ sooner or later. ④Will you please _____________Tianjin so that we may meet again?   你能来参观天津以便我们可以再次见面吗? for back off pay a visit to 6.seize v.夺取 (教材原句)At last,showing a strong will and the steeliest nerves,they played a close match against Serbia to seize gold in the final. 最后,她们展现了强大的决心和最坚强的意志力,与塞尔维亚进行了一场势均力敌的比赛,在决赛中夺得金牌。 A wave of fear seized me./I was seized by a wave of fear. 我感到一阵恐惧。 【知识拓展】 seize power　　　　夺取政权 seize sth. from sb. 从某人手中夺取某物 seize a chance/an opportunity 抓住机会 seize on/upon 抓住(可利用的事物);突然对……大为关注 seize sb. by the... 抓住某人的…… 【要点提示】 表情感的名词+seize sb./be seized with/by+表情感的名词,意为“感到无比……” 【知识微练】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The rumours (谣言) were eagerly seized ______ by the local press. ②He _____________curiosity.  他好奇心顿起。 ③He sprung to his feet, _____________________her and dashed out. But Adam _____________________and got her money back.  他一跃而起,从她手里抢过钱,冲了出去。但亚当抓住了他的胳膊,把她的钱 要了回来。 upon was seized by seized the money from seized him by the arm 7.go wild 狂热;发狂 “It was such rare talent, my gut just went wild,” Braun says, and then pauses. “真是个罕有的奇才,我欣喜地快要发狂了。”布劳恩说,他停顿了一下。 Hearing their team won the game, the children went wild with excitement. 听说他们队赢得了比赛,孩子们欣喜若狂。 【知识拓展】 go red　　　　　　　脸色变红 go hungry 挨饿 go bad 变质 go mad 发疯 go wrong 出故障 go deaf 变聋 go blind 失明 go pale 脸色变白 【要点提示】 　　come 和 go 都可用作连系动词,表示事物状态的变化。但两者之后所接形容词通常各有其特点,有时还可从好坏方面去区别:即 come 用于“好”的变化,go 用于“坏”的变化(也多指由强到弱的变化)。如:go mad /crazy /blank /silent变疯/变疯狂/变茫然/一言不发 【知识微练】完成句子 ①(读后续写之人物描写)On hearing the news of the accident in the coal mine, she __________.  当听到矿难的消息时,她的脸变得煞白。 ②He _________with anger when he caught his son cheating.  他发现他儿子作弊时,气得脸都红了。 ③I __________in my right ear and was left with 50% of hearing in my left ear when I was a little boy.当我还是个小男孩的时候,我的右耳聋了,只剩下50% 的左耳 听力。  went pale went red went deaf 9.cooperation n.合作;协作 (教材原句)Cooperation between team members is essential. 团队成员之间的合作至关重要。 I’m writing to appreciate your cooperation. 我写信感激你的合作。 【知识拓展】 (1)in cooperation with　与……合作 (2)cooperate vi.合作,配合;协力 cooperate with sb. in/on sth. 在……方面与某人合作 (3)cooperative adj.合作的;合作社的 【知识微练】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The company produces computers in cooperation _____ a German firm. ②You’ll find it easier to get a copy of whatever you’re looking for, thanks to a ___________(cooperate) network of area libraries. ③In order to expand sales, he tried to _______________________________ ______________.   为了扩大销售,他尝试跟超市和电影院合作。 with cooperative cooperate with supermarkets and movie theaters 10.contribute to 有助于;捐献;带来 I believe that each of us can contribute to the future of the world. 我相信我们每个人都能为世界的未来作出贡献。 Your advice will contribute to the success of the class meeting. 你的建议将有助于班会的成功。 【知识拓展】 (1)contribute 　　　v.贡献;捐献;投稿 (2)contribution n.贡献;捐献;投稿 make a contribution/contributions to 为……作贡献 (3)contributor n.贡献者;投稿者;捐助者 【知识微练】单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Community police have made a very positive _____________(contribute) to crime prevention. ②At the back of the programme, there is a list of _____________(contribute) to the theatre appeal. ③In my spare time, I prefer to read English newspapers, which ______________ my progress in writing.  在我的业余时间,我更喜欢阅读英文报纸,这有助于我的写作进步。 contribution contributors contributes to 11.fight one’s way 奋力前行 (教材原句)Together, the Chinese women’s volleyball team has fought their way through ups and downs. 在这条曲折起伏的道路上,中国女排共同奋力前行。 He tried to fight his way to buy Christmas gifts through the crowd. 他努力在人群中挤出一条路来买圣诞礼物。 【知识拓展】 make one’s way (to/towards someplace)前往;到……地方去 wind one’s way 蜿蜒前进 feel one’s way (黑暗中)摸索着走;谨慎行事 find one’s way (to...) 找到(去某处)正确的路 【知识微练】完成句子 ①The Great Wall ______________________________like a huge dragon.   长城像一条巨龙蜿蜒穿过中国北方。 ②He managed to ________________________,but was late for the flight.   他设法找到了去机场的路,但没赶上飞机。 ③It was so dark that I had to ____________.   天太黑了,我不得不摸索着走。 winds its way across north China find his way to the airport feel my way 附：读后续写微技能 拟人(Personification) 　　把没有生命的事物比作有生命的事物,赋予它们以人的特性、思想和活动的修辞方式,叫作拟人 (Personification)。它的作用是:(1)易于深刻地描写事物,充分地发挥感情;(2)易于给听众或读者以鲜明生动的印象,使其对于当时的情景、情绪想象得真切并引起共鸣。 一、把自然现象当作人来描写 1.The wind stood up and gave a shout .(景物描写) 大风凛冽,发出怒吼。 2.The breeze gently kissed her cheeks.(景物描写) 微风轻柔地亲吻着她的脸庞。 3.The feathery snowflakes danced in the night air, making a beautiful picture.(景物描写) 鹅毛般的雪花在夜空中飞舞,像一幅美丽的图画。 4.The mist swallowed him up.(景物描写) 薄雾把他包围起来。 5.The icy wind started howling, stinging my face.(景物描写) 寒风开始咆哮,刺痛了我的脸。 二、把含蓄抽象的概念当作人来描写 1.Fear seized/swallowed him.(情感描写) 恐惧把他吞噬了。 2.Anger choked my words.(情感描写) 我气得说不出话来。 3.A good idea suddenly struck me. 我突然想到一个好主意。 4.Smile took hold of him.(情感描写) 他笑容满面。 5.Anxiety tore him into pieces.(情感描写) 他焦虑不安,十分崩溃。 三、把动物当作人来描写 1.In the dead of night, the crickets played on the terrace of the house.(景物描写) 寂静的夜,蟋蟀在房子的阳台上玩。 2.Birds in the tree are singing a beautiful song.(景物描写) 树上的小鸟唱着一首美妙的歌曲。 3.The frogs are giving a concert—mixed chorus.(景物描写) 青蛙在举办音乐会——混声大合唱。 4.Fireflies patrol the grass with small lanterns.(景物描写) 萤火虫提着小灯笼在草丛中巡逻。 5.The crickets were playing the violin deep in the grass.(景物描写) 在草丛深处,蟋蟀拉着小提琴。 【知识微练】 完成句子 1.The rose in the garden ________________________(给了我一个胜利的微笑).  2.My heart ___________(在唱歌).  3.The sun __________________(微笑着照耀着我们) from the sky.  4.The leaves ________(翩翩起舞) in the breeze. 5.The darkness ________(悄悄地逼近), enveloping us in its embrace.  gave me a smile of victory was singing smiled down on us danced crept in $$