必修第二册 Unit 3 Festivals and Customs 第1课时（课件PPT）-【创新方案】2025年高考英语一轮总复习（译林版2020）

第1课时——精析重难点·核心词汇的深化学习 目 录 语基检测 自学评价·启动课堂 课堂学案 精析重难·学通用活 课时作业评价 自学评价•启动课堂 语基检测 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Then he advised me to make full preparations for the coming _________(进入) examination. 2．Frequent and safe travel has become available to the _________(普通的) people. 3．The _____________ (引人注目的) advertisements will trap us into buying things that we actually don't need. entrance ordinary eye－catching 4．Fish－keeping is a widespread hobby and the keeper can _________(观察) their behaviour in the glass tank and study their entire life cycle. 5．The physicist shared more ideas to motivate the younger ____________(一代) to continue exploring space. observe generation 6．We can，therefore，come to the conclusion that nothing is so __________(宝贵的) as freedom in the world. 7．The old professor has received many _________(荣誉) for his research into cancer. 8．When a stranger entered the village, a fierce dog _____(咬) him on his behind. precious honours bit Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．China, an ancient country of over 5,000 years of history and cultural tradition, has a profound ___________(tradition) cultural foundation. 2．His friendliness and kindness gave us a strong ____________(impress)． traditional impression 3．An official was sent to settle the problem but different opinions of two sides destroyed all the hopes of a peaceful _________(settle)． 4．My house is _____________located just off the High Street.It's convenient for you to drop in.Please come at your____________.(convenient) settlement conveniently convenience 5．Due to the illegal ________ (hunt), the number of whales has decreased in the past five years. 6．___________ (fortune), when he went abroad to try his fortune, he gained great wealth. 7．It's quite an _________(formal) gathering; you needn't dress up for it. hunting Fortunately informal 8．This is my __________visit to the theme park, in which I ___________meet the cartoon characters I like most.(occasion) 9．Failing to concentrate on attracting customers costs business huge amounts of money ________ (annual)． 10．It is believed that advertising is often the most effective method of ___________ (promote)． occasional occasionally annually promotion 11．We accumulate vast amounts of knowledge through ____________(observe), listening, reading and talking with people. 12．When it comes to earning a living, I must make a proper _________(select)． observation selection 13．Our team will take part in a variety of activities，such as participating in some ___________(nation) competitions on behalf of our school. 14．Our general manager is plainly but _______(neat) dressed. national neatly Ⅲ.熟词生义 1．It's a great place for swimming, but beware dangerous currents._____ 2．Will you stuff the turkey and shove it in the oven for me? ______ 3．Whenever recession strikes, a chain reaction is set into motion.________ 水流 填满 一系列 4．They combed through the files for evidence of fraud._______ 5．Careful — the fabric tears very easily.______ 搜寻 撕裂 Ⅳ.选词填空 anything but, in the air, pass down, be caught up in, make a deep impression on, in honour of, set off 1．There was a strong smell of burning___________, which made people frightened. 2．“We don't want to ________________panic selling，” the customer said. in the air be caught up in 3．We celebrate Teachers' Day every year ____________teachers. 4．Any escape, once it is found, will _________the alarm immediately. 5．To be honest, I will be _____________quiet on Saturday night! in honour of set off anything but 6．They often use folksongs to _________their history. 7．So charming are the sights of Jiuzhaigou that they __________________________visitors from home and abroad. pass down make a deep impression on Ⅴ.多维表达 1．(完成句子)I looked at my father nervously, _______________ _________________________.(独立主格) 我紧张地看着爸爸，双腿颤抖着，心狂跳着。 2．(完成句子)As far as I'm concerned, ____________________ __________________________________.(否定词＋比较级) 就我个人而言，在我们日常生活中没有什么比身体健康更重要。 my legs trembling and my heart beating wildly nothing is more important than health in our daily life 3．(完成句子)“Little stone fell great oaks” is an old proverb which almost everyone knows, but__________________________. “滴水穿石”是一条古老的谚语，几乎每个人都知道，但不是所有人都能很好地理解它。 not all understand it so well 4．(一句多译)因为我正忙着准备期末考试，所以我没有一收到电子邮件就给你回复。 ①As I was busy preparing for my final exam, I didn't reply to your e－mail_____________________.(as soon as) ②As I was busy preparing for my final exam, I didn't reply to your e－mail_______________________.(the instant) as soon as I received it the instant I received it ③As I was busy preparing for my final exam, I didn't reply to your e－mail__________________.(directly) ④As I was busy preparing for my final exam, I didn't reply to your e－mail______________. (on doing) directly I received it on receiving it 5．She was so ashamed that she could feel her face burning. →___________________that she could feel her face burning.(升级为倒装句) So ashamed was she 精析重难•学通用活 课堂学案 1．decorate vt.& vi.装饰；点缀；粉刷，油漆 (续写之景物描写)Clusters of stars shone brightly and decorated the vast sky like sparkling jewels. 群星闪闪发光，像宝石一般点缀着无垠的夜空。 助表达 (1)decorate ...with ...　 用……装饰…… (be) decorated with 装饰着…… (2)decoration n. 装饰；装饰物 decorative adj. 装饰的，可装饰的 名师指津：decoration意为“装饰，装潢”时，是不可数名词；意为“装饰物，装饰品”时，是可数名词。 精归纳 ①We went to the restaurant to have lunch, only to find that it was _______________ (decorate)． ②Some drivers like to draw some special patterns as ___________ (decorate) on their cars. 应用通 (单句语法填空/完成句子) being decorated decorations ③This ware is suitable for ___________(decorate) purpose but unsuitable for utility. ④We eat sweet dumplings on the Lantern Festival, and during that festival people________________________________. 我们在元宵节吃元宵，节日期间人们会用灯笼装饰他们的房子。 decorative decorate their houses with lanterns 2．occasion n．特殊场合，盛会；时刻；时机 (话题写作之节日介绍)On the occasion of the Spring Festival, allow me to congratulate you, with all my heart.值此新春佳节之际，请接受我最真挚的祝福。 助表达 (1)on one occasion　　　 有一次，曾经 on no occasion 决不，在任何情况下都不 on occasion(s) 偶尔，有时 on this/that occasion 在这/那种场合 on the occasion of ... 在……的时候；在……之际 (2)occasional adj. 偶尔的，偶然的 occasionally adv. 偶尔，有时候 精归纳 ①You should pay special attention to your behavior ____such an occasion. ②He spent five years in Paris, with __________ (occasion) visits to Italy. ③As he works in a remote area, he visits his parents only ____________(occasional)． 应用通 (单句语法填空/句式升级) on occasional occasionally ④It's helpful to put children in an occasion ______they can see themselves differently. ⑤It's on the festival occasions _______the family get together that he misses his late father. where when ⑥We should on no occasion give up our dreams even if we face many difficulties. →_________________________give up our dreams even if we face many difficulties. (用倒装句升级) On no occasion should we 名师指津：(1)occasion作先行词，其后跟定语从句且从句中缺少状语时，若表示“(特定的)时刻”，则应用关系副词when引导；若表示“(仪式、庆典等)重大场合”，则用关系副词where。 (2)on no occasion置于句首时主句用部分倒装。 3．earn vt.& vi.赚得；获利；赢得 (话题写作之人物介绍)He earned himself a good reputation through his selfless work in the fight against the flood. 通过在抗洪救灾中的无私工作，他为自己赢得了良好的声誉。 助表达 (1)earn oneself sth./earn sth.for oneself 为自己赢得某物 earn one's/a living 谋生 earn money 赚钱 (2)earnings n. 所得；收入；工资 精归纳 ①After months of unemployment all he asked for was a chance _______ (earn) his bread. ②He is satisfied with his __________(earn) as a civil servant. 应用通 (单句语法填空/完成句子) to earn earnings ③Sometimes they may play to passers－by in the street or subway to _____________________for themselves. 有时他们可能在街上或地铁里为过路者演奏，这样他们可以为自己额外挣一些钱。 earn some extra money 4．promote vt.促进，推动；促销；提升，晋升；推广；发起 (2023·全国甲卷书面表达)His journey promoted cultural and economic exchanges between China and the west, and helped people better understand different cultures, values, and beliefs. 他的航程促进了中西方之间的文化和经济交流，帮助人们更好地了解不同的文化、价值观和信仰。 助表达 ①They discussed how to promote cooperation between the two countries.___________ ②The company is promoting its new products on television.__________ ③He worked hard and was soon promoted to a manager.________ ④He promoted a campaign to remind the public of protecting the wildlife._______ 辨析清 (写出下列句中加蓝部分的含义) 促进，推动 推广，宣传 晋升 发起 (1)promote ...as ... 推广……为……；晋升……为…… promote sb.from ...to ... 把某人从……提升到……(职位) get promoted 升职 (2)promotion n. 促进，增进；晋升；促销；推广 get/win/gain promotion 得到晋升 精归纳 ⑤The young man has just been promoted from a soldier _____captain. ⑥The remaining foods after the _____________(promote) can go into charity. ⑦The area is being promoted _____a tourist destination. 应用通 (单句语法填空/完成句子) to promotion as ⑧Earth Day is intended to help _________________________and bring positive changes, so future generations stand a chance of living a safer life. 地球日旨在帮助提高人们的意识，带来积极的变化，让子孙后代有机会过上更安全的生活。 promote people's awareness 5．observe vt.遵守；注意到；观察；庆祝 (2023·浙江1月高考写作)Then we went to a park to observe and collect samples of different plants. 然后我们去了一个公园观察和收集不同植物的标本。 助表达 (1)observe sb. do sth. 观察/注意到某人做了某事(全过程) observe sb. doing sth. 观察/注意到某人正在做某事 observe that ...　　　 观察/发现…… observe the rules 遵守规则 observe festivals 庆祝节日 (2)observation n. 观察；观测，监视 observer n. 观察者，目击者 精归纳 ①The patient was kept under ___________(observe) all night. ②The guard observed a young man ________(steal) from the office, and he tried to approach him quietly. 应用通 (单句语法填空/句型转换) observation stealing ③It was at dawn that I observed Bruce leave the building and take a taxi away. →It was at dawn that Bruce ________________________________ _______________.(改为被动句) 名师指津：observe后跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，即observe sb.do sth.，但在被动语态中必须带to，即sb./sth.be observed to do sth.。 was observed to leave the building and take a taxi away 6．honour (AmE honor) n．尊敬，尊重；荣幸；荣誉vt.尊重，尊敬；给予表扬；信守 (应用文之演讲稿)It is my honour to be here to share with you my opinions on what to learn in senior high school.我很荣幸能在这里与大家分享我对高中学习内容的看法。 助表达 (1)an honour　　　　 一种荣誉 sense of honour 正义感，荣誉感 in honour of 为纪念……；为向……表示敬意 have the honour to do/of doing ... 有幸做…… It is one's honour to do sth./It is an honour for sb.to do sth. 做某事是某人的荣幸 精归纳 (2)honoured adj. 深感荣幸的；受尊敬的 be/feel honoured (to do sth./of doing sth.) (做某事)感到荣幸 ①Michael never lost heart even if he was faced with failure, for which he was greatly ___________(honour)． ②To win _____honour for his country, he didn't give up even if he got injured in the race, setting a good example to others. 应用通 (单句语法填空/一句多译) honoured an ③能有这次宝贵的机会在这里发表演讲，我感到非常荣幸。 →______________________________________________________to deliver a speech here.(it is an honour for sb.to do) →____________________________________________________to deliver a speech here.(feel it an honour to do) It is a great honour for me to have the precious opportunity I feel it a great honour to have the precious opportunity →________________________________________________to deliver a speech here.(feel honoured to do) →_____________________________________________________to deliver a speech here.(have the honour to do) I feel greatly honoured to have the precious opportunity I have the great honour to have the precious opportunity 7．select vt.选择，挑选 (话题写作之活动介绍)Hundreds of excellent athletes have been selected from millions of people all over the country in the past two months. 在过去的两个月里，数百名优秀运动员从全国数百万人中被挑选出来。 助表达 (1)select ... for ...　　　 为……挑选…… select ... as/to be ... 选择……当/作为…… select ... to do ... 挑选/选择……做…… select ... from ... 从……中挑选…… (2)selection n． 选择；被选中者；可供挑选的事物 selective adj. 精心选择的，选择性的 精归纳 ①Whenever or however you take notes, keep in mind that note－taking is a __________(select) process. ②More than 50 shows __________(select) from all over the country will be performed in nineteen major theaters in Shanghai. 应用通 (单句语法填空/同义替换)　 selective selected ③There is a wide _________(select) of dictionaries in the store. ④All our hotels have been carefully chosen for the excellent services they provide._________ selection selected 8．settle vi.& vt.定居；结束；解决；决定；使处于舒适的位置；使平静 (应用文之建议信)By this way, I believe you are sure to settle your differences and be friends again. 通过这种方式，我相信你们肯定能解决分歧，再次成为朋友。 助表达 ①After years of travel, we decided to settle in London._______ ②With the difficult problem settled, he went to the cinema with his friends.______ ③I tried to settle the crying baby down, but in vain._______ 辨析清 (写出下列句中加蓝部分的含义) 定居 解决 使平静 (1)settle down　　　　 (使)安定；定居；平静下来 settle in/into 安顿下来；习惯于；适应 settle down to (doing) sth. 开始(做)某事 settle a problem/an argument 解决问题/争议 精归纳 (2)settlement n. 定居点；协议；解决 (3)settler n. 移居者；殖民者 settled adj. 稳定的，固定的，不变的 ④Everyone in the family settled quickly ______the city except me. ⑤There is little time left, so we should settle down to ________(deal) with the urgent thing. ⑥They dashed out of the car, put up the tent and ______________ __________, enjoying the surrounding breathtaking sights. 他们冲下车，搭起帐篷，舒适地坐在草地上，欣赏着周围令人叹为观止的景色。 应用通 (单句语法填空/完成句子) into dealing settled down on the grass ⑦He rapped the table with his pen, said seriously，“Stop talking, children, and__________________________________.” 他用钢笔敲了敲桌子，严肃地说：“孩子们，别说话了，开始做作业吧。” settle down to doing your homework 9．convenient adj.方便的，省事的，便利的，实用的 (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)If it is not convenient for you, please let us know so that we can make adjustments accordingly to suit your schedule. 如果(这个时间)对你来说不方便，请告知我们，以便我们根据你的日程安排做出调整。 助表达 (1)It is convenient for sb. to do sth.某人方便做某事 (2)convenience n. 便利；方便 at one's convenience 在某人方便的时候 for convenience 为了方便起见 (3)inconvenience n. 不便；麻烦的人(或物) inconvenient adj. 不方便的 (4)conveniently adv. 方便地，便利地 精归纳 (1)单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Learning English on the Internet can allow you to learn English more ____________(convenient) and more efficiently. ②Wi－Fi brings _____________(convenient) to our daily life, enabling us to easily chat online, watch stream videos and gain updated information. 应用通 conveniently convenience ③I would appreciate it if you could reply to my letter_____________ ___________. 如果你能尽早给我回信，我将不胜感激。 convenience at your earliest (2)一句多译 ④如果你方便的话，应该多进行户外运动，这有助于你保持良好的心态。 →_______________________, you should do more outdoor exercise, which can contribute to you keeping up a good state of mind.(convenient) If it is convenient for you →________________________, you should do more outdoor exercise, which can contribute to you keeping up a good state of mind.(convenience) If it is at your convenience 10．represent vt.代表；为……代言；体现；象征；(向人)说明 (应用文之欢迎辞)Representing our school, please allow me to express our warm welcome and greetings to you.请允许我代表我们学校向你们表示热烈的欢迎和问候。 助表达 (1)represent ...as ...　　　 把……描绘成…… represent sb.as/to be ... 宣称某人为…… represent sth.to sb. 向某人说明/传达某事 represent oneself as ... 自称…… (2)representative n. 代表；典型人物 adj. 典型的，有代表性的 be representative of 代表……的 精归纳 ①She represents her mother ____the kindest mother in the world. ②The physicist represented his abstract theory _____the students in a simple way. ③The Summer Palace, the Forbidden City, the Great Wall and so on are the ________________(represent) of ancient civilization and the wisdom of ancient folks. 应用通 (单句语法填空/完成句子) as to representatives ④The subject is so difficult; I really don't know _________________ ________. 这个主题太难了，我真不知道该如何向你说明。 how to represent it to you 11．fortune n．机会，运气；巨款；财富；命运 He decided to seek/try his fortune to the south to see if he could make a fortune.He had the fortune to/was fortunate to get the help of his friend and successfully started his own company fortunately. 他决定到南方去碰碰运气，看看能不能赚到钱。他有幸得到了朋友的帮助，并且幸运地成功创办了自己的公司。 巧串记 (1)seek/try one's fortune　　　 找出路；碰运气 make a fortune 发财；赚钱 have the fortune to do sth. 有幸做某事 (2)fortunate (＝lucky) adj. 幸运的；侥幸的 be fortunate to do sth./in doing sth. 有幸做某事 (3)fortunately (＝luckily) adv. 幸运地 (4)unfortunately 不幸的是；不幸地 精归纳 ①We shared the belief that if you're ________ (fortune) enough to achieve success, you should put something back. ②_____________ (fortunate), when I was faced with the rough task he assigned to me, my mind went blank. ③______________ (fortunate), I succeeded in seizing this precious chance to be a volunteer in the activity. 应用通 (单句语法填空)　 fortunate Unfortunately Fortunately 12．pass down使世代相传，流传 (2023·全国甲卷书面表达)In the history of Chinese education, he made a special effort to pass down our valuable traditions. 在中国教育史上，他为传承我们宝贵的传统而做出了特别的努力。 助表达 pass away　　　　　　 去世；消失；消逝 pass by 通过；经过 pass on sth.to sb. 把某物转交/传给某人 pass sb./oneself/sth.off as sb./sth. 装作；佯装；假装 pass round/around 在一群人中传递(某物) 精归纳 ①Heritage is our legacy from the past, what we live with today and what we pass __________to future generations. ②He carefully figured out what time the first train would pass___. ③Just get this document passed _______________as I'm talking and take a little look at it. 应用通 (介、副词填空)　　 on/down by around/round 13．set off使爆炸；引发；动身，出发 (续写之场景描写)We set off for the farm merrily like caged birds newly set free.我们像刚放出笼子的鸟儿一样，兴高采烈地出发去农场。 助表达 set aside　　　 留出；把……放置一旁；不理会；取消 set down 放下；记下；让……下车 set up 建立；准备；安排 set about doing sth. 着手做某事 set out (to do sth.) 出发；着手(做某事) set free 释放，使获得自由 精归纳 ①In China, people like to set ______firecrackers during the Spring Festival. ②Besides, our school set ______a volleyball team and a basketball team. 应用通 (单句语法填空)　　 off up ③Some doctors advise setting ______a certain hour each day for exercise. ④After that, I set out _________(read) widely for an inspiring topic, wrote a speech, and practiced my spoken English. aside to read 语境迁移应用(运用本单元知识完成下面语段) Amazing customs and festivals Different countries have ①_____________________________ (不同的传统和风俗)．I was lucky (用本单元词汇替换蓝体词：②_________) enough to have a good opportunity to attend a wedding ceremony in India, which made a deep ③___________ (impress) on me. different traditions and customs fortunate impression The ceremony ④___________ (举行) in a brightly decorated hotel room, ⑤_______________________________________ (出席的客人都穿着正式的衣服；独立主格结构)．The wedding ceremony was not ordinary at all indeed (用本单元词汇替换蓝体词： ⑥____________)． took place guests present all dressed up in formal clothes anything but Another opportunity was to experience the Rio Carnival ⑦____________ (亲自), an amazing occasion when everyone present ⑧_______________ (陷入) the party fever and indulged their passion.This is the most amazing experience that I have ever had (用“否定词＋比较级”升级：⑨___________________________________ ________)． for myself was caught up in I haven't had a more amazing experience than that 主题阅读集群训练 课时作业评价 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2024·济南模拟) Auckland, New Zealand, Jan.29 A Chinese New Year gala, co－organized by the China Cultural Centre and the Huaxing Arts Troupe, was unveiled by Maori Haka.Contemporary dances, cross－talk, Peking opera, Qipao display and violin solo have featured the event, which won thundering applause from local audiences.“Tonight brings back familiar memories from my hometown，” said Sun, a Chinese born in Hubei. Jersey, Britain, Jan.22 A traditional Chinese dragon dance was performed through St. Helier street, which announced the start of Chinese New Year celebration.The event will last from Jan. 22 to Feb. 5, including tai chi performances, Chinese cuisine stalls and a photo exhibition.The local post office also issued a special stamp, featuring a rabbit holding a cabbage, illustrated by Chinese artist Wang Huming. Paris, France, Jan.16 The French capital's Chinatown has organized a series of celebrations that last from Jan.16 through Saturday including exhibitions of hanfu, music concerts and shows with Franco－Chinese comedians.Anne Hidalgo, the mayor of Paris, was present for a parade which attracted over 20,000 people. Suva, Republic of Fiji, Feb.5 A Lantern Festival gala was hosted in the Republic of Fiji on Feb.5, joined by about 300 government officials and representatives from Fiji's Chinese communities.President Maivalili Katonivere, along with first lady, attended the event and gave a speech, in which he said the Lantern Festival is important as the lanterns play a vital role in lighting the path ahead, signifying (象征) hope and good fortune. 语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个和中国春节有关的庆典活动。 1．What gala performances could locals enjoy in Auckland? A．Contemporary dances and music concerts. B．Qipao display and comedy shows. C．Cross－talk and tai chi. D．Peking opera and violin solo. √ 解析：细节理解题。根据“Auckland, New Zealand, Jan.29”部分中的“Contemporary dances, cross－talk, Peking opera ...from local audiences.”可知，奥克兰当地人可以欣赏当代舞蹈、相声、京剧、旗袍表演和小提琴独奏等表演。 2．When could locals taste the Chinese food at the celebrations? A．On Jan.16.　　　　　　 B．On Jan.29. C．On Feb.6. D．On Feb.9. 解析：细节理解题。根据“Jersey, Britain, Jan.22”部分第二句可知，该庆典中提供中国美食，时间从1月22日持续到2月5日，选项B在该范围内。 √ 3．Which column of China Daily is the passage probably taken from? A．Travel. B．Regional. C．Culture. D．Forum. 解析：推理判断题。文章主要介绍了和中国春节有关的几个庆典活动，因此可推知，本文应出自《中国日报》的文化专栏。 √ B (2024·三明模拟)“Shyness can stop you from doing all the things in life that you'd like to，” the Smiths once sang.However, research suggests that may not be the case when working as a team. Researchers have found that when animals temper their personalities because of social rules, the efficiency of a group to undertake risky missions — such as foraging (觅食) for food — is boosted.“We see this phenomenon happening when we mix together a school of fish with wildly different personalities: the very fearless individuals and the very shy individuals tend to control what they would normally be doing when they stick with the rest of the group，” said Dr Sean Rands, the lead author of the research at the University of Bristol. Writing in the journal PLoS Computational Biology, the researchers reported how they built a computer model to investigate the impact of social conventions and animals' personalities on the movement of individuals within a group.The model was based on an assumption in which a group of animals in a safe “home” set out to travel to a food foraging site some distance away. The results revealed that when no social conventions were in place, their movements were governed by their personalities alone — in other words how fearless or shy they were determined how quickly they left home and arrived at the foraging site.However, when social conventions were introduced, so that the individuals had to keep an eye on each other and adjust their movements accordingly, the impact of personality reduced with less variation in how quickly they reached the destination.The team found where social conventions were present, the group foraged more efficiently than when individuals behaved independently.“We find that if individuals pay attention to the other members of the group, the group will tend to remain at the safe site for longer, but then travel faster towards the foraging site，” the team wrote. Rands added that for many social animals, being part of a group can bring huge benefits, and these can outweigh the influence of personality. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了当处于群体中时，由于社会习俗的存在，无论是内向型性格还是外向型性格，个体都会调整自我行为以适应群体，这有利于提高工作效率。 4．Why are the Smiths' words mentioned in Paragraph 1? A．To give an example. B．To make a comparison. C．To lead in the topic. D．To introduce the background. 解析：推理判断题。第一段提出在团队合作时，“害羞就是阻碍”的情况并不会发生，并在后文进行了详细解释。由此可推知，提到the Smiths的歌词实则是为了引出文章的话题。 √ 5．What will individuals do while staying with a group? A．Adjust their behavior. B．Take on risky missions. C．Ignore social rules. D．Travel to a distant foraging site. √ 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“We see this phenomenon happening when we mix together a school of fish ...when they stick with the rest of the group”可知，当个体在群体中时，个体会控制自己通常会做的事情，即个体会调整自己的行为状态以适应群体。 6．What can we infer from the results? A．Personalities alone determine movements. B．Individuals prefer to behave independently. C．Group work increases exposure to potential risks. D．Social conventions contribute to working efficiency. √ 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段的“The team found where social conventions were present, the group foraged more efficiently than when individuals behaved independently.”可知，研究发现，在社会习俗存在的情况下，群体觅食的效率较高。由此可推知，社会习俗的存在有助于提高工作效率。 7．What is the best title for the text? A．Be Part of a Group B．Stay True to Yourself C．Get Rid of Your Shyness D．Control Your Personalities √ 解析：标题归纳题。根据最后一段可知，文章主要通过一系列的研究过程和研究结论总结出成为群体的一员的好处，社会习俗的存在可以使个体调整自我行为，从而提高工作效率。故选项A“成为群体的一员”适合作文章标题。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 (2024·苏北四市联考)Each place on this planet has its own unique traits, culture and customs.In addition, different locales have their own languages and dialects. 8 As people travel more frequently, they exchange goods and ideas.Thus, the blend of cultures has become easier and more commonplace.In the age of globalization, one may argue that language acts as a barrier to communication.Individual dialects may divide people even further. 9 Dialects are important for international business.Read on to learn how. Dialects Retain Identity Many cultures use different words or pronunciations for the same thing. 10 Many times, exact translations are impossible.For example, one language may have a specific word for something, while another does not.If each language were standardized with the same set of words and pronunciations, cultures would lose their identities. Dialects Help Spread Creativity New words spread freely throughout different cultures thanks to world travel and the Internet.In our modern society, each person can travel to experience new things.By learning new languages and dialects, a person expands his or her mind. Opening one's mind promotes creativity. 11 Therefore, as we interact internationally, these exchanges lead to innovations. Dialects Increase Independence 12 Even though a small group is part of a larger whole, their unique form of expression sets them apart.Their uniqueness provides them with a sense of independence.Oftentimes, people from a specific area take pride in their dialect.Differences enhance cultural diversity and increase independence.Without diversity, our world would not progress in business or technology. Our world needs dialects and individual expression to keep cultures alive for future generations.Preserving dialects is good for creativity, innovation, and business. A．The free exchange of ideas leads to new ideas. B．Unique pronunciations help give a culture its identity. C．A dialect, by definition, is specific to a region or group. D．When exchanging ideas, they feel comfortable speaking dialects. E．Therefore, a standardized language is crucial in the communication. F．However, dialects express the unique qualities of a particular region. G．Language and dialects preserve the unique cultural elements of a given place. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了不同的地区都有自己的语言和方言。语言和方言保留着一个地方独特的文化元素。方言保持特性，不仅能促进创造性，还能增加独立性。 8．解析：选G　根据空前的“Each place on this planet ...their own languages and dialects.”可知，每个地方都有自己独特的文化和习俗，而且不同的地区都有自己的语言和方言。故G项“语言和方言保留着一个特定地区独特的文化元素”承接上文，符合语境。 9．解析：选F　根据空前的“Individual dialects may divide people even further”可知，不同的方言可能会使人们之间的差异更大；再结合空后的“Dialects are important for international business”可知，方言对国际贸易很重要。由此可推知，空处的内容应该与方言有关，且表示转折关系，故F项承上启下符合语境。 10．解析：选B　根据空前的“Many cultures use different words or pronunciations for the same thing”可知，许多文化对同一事物使用不同的词语或发音。故B项“独特的发音有助于给一种文化以特性”承接上文，符合语境。 11．解析：选A　根据空后的“Therefore, as we interact internationally, these exchanges lead to innovations.”可知，当我们在国际上互动时，这些交流促进了创新。由此可推知，空处的内容应与交流相关，故A项“思想的自由交流产生新想法”符合语境。 12．解析：选C　根据该部分的小标题和空后的“Even though a small group ...sets them apart.”可知，尽管一个小群体是一个大整体的一部分，但他们独特的表达形式使他们与众不同。由此可推知，空处内容应与方言的独特性相关，故C项“按照定义，方言是针对一个地区或者群体来讲的”符合语境。 Ⅲ.完形填空 (2024·山东省实验中学模拟)As usual, Lily bought expensive gifts for her children Alice and Peter before Christmas.Her job kept her busy, and she 13 got to see her children during weekdays.Being a mother, she always wanted to be 14 her children, but she placed her 15 first, thinking earning money was more important. Lily 16 the gifts in secret and decided to give them a day before Christmas since she had to attend a business meeting the next day. 17 ， a day later, the meeting got canceled.Lily was 18 she could spend Christmas with her family.Therefore, she decided to 19 a party.Lily sent 20 to all her friends and her father－in－law, Michael.Lily was worried her friends would not feel 21 in the presence of aged people.Later that day, her children noticed the gifts she had bought.Unexpectedly, neither of them seemed 22 to open the gifts. On Christmas Eve, Lily 23 her friends into her house.However, she felt 24 when she saw Michael walking in.On arrival, Michael gave Alice and Peter presents — some cookie molds (模具)! The two kids ran happily to their grandfather and showed great 25 for his gifts, asking him to bake cookies with them. All the guests present were moved by the scene.Lily 26 all they want is their parents' time and 27 ， not what their parents buy them. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一直工作繁忙的莉莉通过圣诞节给孩子们准备礼物的事情意识到孩子们需要的是父母的时间和关注，而不是给他们买了什么礼物。 13．A.usually　　　　　　　 B．rarely C．always D．never √ 解析：根据上文“Her job kept her busy”可知，她的工作很忙，所以很少在工作日见到她的孩子们。 14．A.around B．beyond C．without D．for 解析：根据上文“Being a mother”和常识可知，作为妈妈，都想和自己的孩子在一起。 √ 15．A.family B．heart C．body D．job 解析：根据下文“thinking earning money was more important”可知，此处是指把工作放在第一位。 √ 16．A.watched B．laid C．hid D．made 解析：根据下文“the gifts in secret and decided to give them a day before Christmas”可知，此处是指把礼物藏起来。 √ 17．A.Fortunately B．Eventually C．Suddenly D．Amusingly 解析：根据下文“the meeting got canceled”可知，会议取消了，她可以和孩子们一起过圣诞节，所以空处应表示“幸运的是”。 √ 18．A.shocked B．touched C．happy D．free 解析：根据下文“she could spend Christmas with her family”可知，能和家人一起过圣诞节，应该是高兴的。 √ 19．A.attend B．throw C．delay D．rule 解析：根据下文“a party”可知，她可以和家人一起过圣诞节，因此她决定举办一个聚会。 √ 20．A.blesses B．regards C．letters D．invitations 解析：根据上文可知，她决定举办一个聚会，应该是邀请亲戚和朋友。 √ 21．A.confident B．warm C．relaxed D．cool 解析：根据语境可知，她应该是担心朋友们在老年人面前不自在。 √ 22．A.shy B．worried C．easy D．eager 解析：根据上文“Later that day, her children noticed the gifts she had bought.”可知，出乎意料的是，孩子们并未着急打开礼物。 √ 23．A.welcomed B．led C．signaled D．waved 解析：根据前文可知，莉莉举办圣诞节派对，邀请朋友们来，所以这里应是欢迎他们。 √ 24．A.uncomfortable B．refreshed C．surprised D．calm 解析：根据上文“Lily was worried her friends would not feel in the presence of aged people.”及“However”表转折可知，莉莉担心朋友们在老年人面前不自在，所以她看到迈克尔进来时感到不舒服。 √ 25．A.respect B．pity C．enthusiasm D．love 解析：根据上文“The two kids ran happily to their grandfather”可知，孩子们对爷爷的礼物表现出极大的热情。 √ 26．A.noticed B．realized C．learned D．witnessed 解析：根据下文“all they want is their parents' time and ， not what their parents buy them”可知，此处是莉莉最后意识到了孩子需要的是父母的时间和关注。 √ 27．A.money B．passion C．knowledge D．attention 解析：通读本文可知，孩子们需要的是父母的时间和关注，而不是给他们买了什么礼物。 √ $$