Unit 3 Festivals and Customs词形变化背诵单及巩固练习 2026-2027学年高中英语译林版必修第二册

必修二 Unit 3 词形变化背诵单及巩固练习 一．重点词汇词形变化 1．decorate vt. & vi. 装饰；粉刷 → decoration n. 装饰品（常以复数 decorations 出现） 2．formal adj. 正规的，庄重的 → formally adv. 正式地 → informal adj. 非正式的 3．tradition n. 传统 → traditional adj. 传统的 4．impress vi. & vt. 给……留下深刻的好印象 → impression n. 印象，感想 → impressive adj. 给人印象深刻的 5．romantic adj. 浪漫的；爱情的 → romantically adv. 浪漫地 → romance n. 浪漫史 6．occasion n. 特殊场合；时刻 → occasional adj. 偶然的，偶尔的 → occasionally adv. 偶尔 7．hunt vi. & vt. 寻找；打猎 → hunter n. 猎人；狩猎者 → hunting n. 打猎，狩猎 8．promote vt. 促进；晋升 → promotion n. 提升；晋升 9．observe vt. 观察；庆祝 → observation n. 观察；监视 → observer n. 观察者；观测者 10．nation n. 民族，国家 → national adj. 国家的；民族的 → nationality n. 国籍；民族 11．honour n. 尊敬；荣幸　vt. 尊重 → honourable adj. 可敬的；体面的 12．identity n. 特性；身份 → identify vt. 认出；鉴定 13．select vt. 选择，挑选 → selection n. 选择，挑选 14．settle vi. & vt. 定居；解决 → settlement n. 解决；定居点 → settler n. 移民；殖民者 15．convenient adj. 方便的，便利的 → convenience n. 方便，便利 → inconvenient adj. 不方便的 16．represent vt. 代表；体现 → representative n. 代表 二．巩固练习（单句语法填空，共 20 题） 1．________ (decorate) made of red paper were hung along every street, and by the time the festival began the whole town was glowing. 2．The ________ (nation) team, which had not won a match for two years, was greeted like heroes when it returned home. 3．Their ________ (romantic) began in a small bookshop in Paris, where he had gone to shelter from the rain and she had come to buy a map. 4．For the ________ (convenient) of passengers, a free shuttle bus runs between the airport and the railway station every ten minutes, even at midnight. 5．The Great Wall made such a deep ________ (impress) on the French students that many of them wrote about it in their diaries. 6．The two families had quarrelled about the boundary line for years before they finally reached a ________ (settle) that satisfied neither of them. 7．The scientist's careful ________ (observe) of the birds' behaviour over three winters led to a discovery that changed the textbooks. 8．The students sent two ________ (represent) to the meeting, and both of them were asked to speak about the changes they wanted to see. 9．Illegal ________ (hunt) has driven several rare species to the edge of extinction, and the local government is now trying to ban it altogether. 10．Although he had saved three children from the burning house, he refused to be called a hero, saying that he had simply done what any ________ (honour) man would do. 11．Although few young people in the town can cook it, the ________ (tradition) dish is still served at every wedding, and its recipe is passed down from mother to daughter. 12．On the form you must write your name, date of birth and ________ (nation), and then sign at the bottom of the page. 13．To a trained ________ (observe), the small changes in the patient's speech were obvious long before any test confirmed the illness. 14．Storms in this part of the sea are ________ (occasion) rather than regular, so no fisherman dares to plan a long trip in advance. 15．The ________ (select) of the winner was made by a committee of five judges, none of whom had seen the singers perform live before. 16．What the judges noticed most was not the size of the hall but the ________ (impress) way the young dancer moved across the stage. 17．After ten years of hard work, she was finally given the ________ (promote) she had been hoping for, though it meant moving to another city. 18．Having examined the fingerprints for two days, the experts were still unable to ________ (identity) the person who had left them. 19．The first ________ (settle) to arrive in the valley found nothing but stones and wild grass, and it took them three winters to grow enough food. 20．The guests, ________ (formal) dressed in dark suits, stood in a long line at the entrance, waiting to greet the bride. 参考答案 1．【答案】Decorations 【考点】词形变化＋名词的数＋首字母大写——句首作主语，谓语 were hung 表明用复数。 【派生】decorate vt. & vi. 装饰；粉刷 → decoration n. 装饰品（常以复数 decorations 出现）。 【句析】Decorations made of red paper 中 made of red paper 为过去分词短语作后置定语；主句谓语 were hung 为一般过去时的被动语态；and 连接并列分句，其中 by the time the festival began 为时间状语从句，the whole town was glowing 为该分句的主干。 2．【答案】national 【考点】词形变化——修饰名词 team 用形容词。 【派生】nation n. 民族，国家 → national adj. 国家的；民族的 → nationality n. 国籍；民族。 【句析】The national team 为主句主语；which had not won a match for two years 为非限制性定语从句，用过去完成时；谓语 was greeted like heroes 为被动语态；when it returned home 为时间状语从句。 3．【答案】romance 【考点】词形变化——形容词性物主代词 Their 后接名词作主语。 【派生】romantic adj. 浪漫的；爱情的 → romance n. 浪漫史，爱情故事 → romantically adv. 浪漫地。 【句析】主句为 Their romance began in a small bookshop in Paris；where 引导非限制性定语从句修饰 bookshop，从句中 he had gone to shelter from the rain 与 she had come to buy a map 由 and 并列，均用过去完成时。 4．【答案】convenience 【考点】词形变化——For the... of 结构中须用名词，for the convenience of sb 意为“为了某人的方便”。 【派生】convenient adj. 方便的，便利的 → convenience n. 方便，便利 → inconvenient adj. 不方便的。 【句析】For the convenience of passengers 为目的状语；主句为 a free shuttle bus runs between the airport and the railway station every ten minutes；even at midnight 作让步意味的时间状语。 5．【答案】impression 【考点】词形变化——such a deep 后接名词，构成 make an impression on sb（给某人留下印象）。 【派生】impress vt. 给……留下深刻的好印象 → impression n. 印象，感想 → impressive adj. 给人印象深刻的。 【句析】主句为 The Great Wall made such a deep impression on the French students；such... that... 引导结果状语从句，从句中 many of them wrote about it in their diaries。 6．【答案】settlement 【考点】词形变化——reached a 后接名词，reach a settlement 意为“达成和解／解决方案”。 【派生】settle vi. & vt. 定居；解决 → settlement n. 解决；定居点 → settler n. 移民；殖民者。 【句析】The two families had quarrelled about the boundary line for years 用过去完成时；before they finally reached a settlement... 为时间状语从句；that satisfied neither of them 为定语从句修饰 settlement。 7．【答案】observation 【考点】词形变化——形容词 careful 后接名词作主语。 【派生】observe vt. 观察；庆祝 → observation n. 观察；监视 → observer n. 观察者；观测者。 【句析】主句主语为 The scientist's careful observation of the birds' behaviour over three winters，谓语为 led to；that changed the textbooks 为定语从句修饰 a discovery。 8．【答案】representatives 【考点】词形变化＋名词的数——two 后接可数名词复数，且后半句 both of them 也提示复数。 【派生】represent vt. 代表；体现 → representative n. 代表。 【句析】主句为 The students sent two representatives to the meeting；and 连接并列分句，both of them were asked to speak about the changes 为被动语态；they wanted to see 为省略关系代词的定语从句，修饰 the changes。 9．【答案】hunting 【考点】词形变化——句首作主语用名词（hunt → hunting，不可数）。 【派生】hunt vi. & vt. 寻找；打猎 → hunting n. 打猎，狩猎 → hunter n. 猎人；狩猎者。 【句析】Illegal hunting has driven several rare species to the edge of extinction 中 drive... to... 为“使……陷入……”结构，谓语用现在完成时强调对现在造成的影响；and 连接并列分句，the local government is now trying to ban it altogether 中 try to do sth 为固定结构。 10．【答案】honourable 【考点】词形变化——修饰名词 man 用形容词，意为“可敬的，体面的”。 【派生】honour n. 尊敬；荣幸　vt. 尊重 → honourable adj. 可敬的；体面的。 【句析】Although 引导让步状语从句；主句为 he refused to be called a hero；saying that... 为现在分词短语作伴随状语，其中 that 引导宾语从句，what any honourable man would do 为宾语从句中作 do 的宾语的宾语从句，would do 表示对情况的推测。 11．【答案】traditional 【考点】词形变化——修饰名词 dish 用形容词。 【派生】tradition n. 传统 → traditional adj. 传统的。 【句析】Although 引导让步状语从句；主句为 the traditional dish is still served at every wedding，用一般现在时的被动语态；and 连接并列分句，其中 its recipe is passed down from mother to daughter 为“be passed down from... to...”结构。 12．【答案】nationality 【考点】词形变化——与 name、date of birth 并列，须用名词。 【派生】nation n. 民族，国家 → nationality n. 国籍；民族。 【句析】介词短语 On the form 置于句首作状语；主句 you must write your name, date of birth and nationality 中三个名词并列作 write 的宾语；and then sign at the bottom of the page 与 write 并列。 13．【答案】observer 【考点】词形变化——a trained 后接指人名词，表示“观察者”。 【派生】observe vt. 观察 → observer n. 观察者；观测者 → observation n. 观察；监视。 【句析】To a trained observer 为介词短语作状语，意为“对……来说”；主句为 the small changes in the patient's speech were obvious；long before 引导时间状语从句，any test confirmed the illness 为从句的主干。 14．【答案】occasional 【考点】词形变化——系动词 are 后接形容词作表语，与 rather than 后的 regular 对称。 【派生】occasion n. 特殊场合；时刻 → occasional adj. 偶然的，偶尔的 → occasionally adv. 偶尔。 【句析】主句 Storms in this part of the sea are occasional rather than regular 为系表结构，rather than 表对比；so 引导结果状语从句，no fisherman dares to plan a long trip in advance 中 dare 为情态动词，后接动词原形。 15．【答案】selection 【考点】词形变化——定冠词 The 后接名词作主语，谓语 was made 表明用单数。 【派生】select vt. 选择，挑选 → selection n. 选择，挑选；被选中的人（或物）。 【句析】The selection of the winner was made by a committee of five judges 为一般过去时的被动语态；none of whom had seen the singers perform live before 为非限制性定语从句，其中 see sb do sth 为复合宾语结构。 16．【答案】impressive 【考点】词形变化——修饰名词 way 用形容词；表示“给人深刻印象的”用 -ive 形式。 【派生】impress vt. 给……留下深刻的好印象 → impressive adj. 给人印象深刻的 → impression n. 印象。 【句析】What the judges noticed most 为主语从句；was 后由 not... but... 连接并列表语；the impressive way the young dancer moved across the stage 中 the way 后为省略关系词的定语从句。 17．【答案】promotion 【考点】词形变化——定冠词 the 后接名词作 given 的宾语，其后为省略关系词的定语从句。 【派生】promote vt. 促进；晋升 → promotion n. 提升，晋升。 【句析】After ten years of hard work 为时间状语；主句谓语 was finally given 为被动语态；she had been hoping for 为省略关系代词的定语从句修饰 promotion，用过去完成进行时；though it meant moving to another city 为让步状语从句，mean doing sth 意为“意味着”。 18．【答案】identify 【考点】词形变化——be unable to do sth 结构中，to 后接动词原形；identity → identify。 【派生】identity n. 特性；身份 → identify vt. 认出；鉴定。 【句析】Having examined the fingerprints for two days 为现在分词的完成式作时间状语，强调动作先于主句发生；主句为 the experts were still unable to identify the person；who had left them 为定语从句修饰 the person。 19．【答案】settlers 【考点】词形变化＋名词的数——the first 后接指人名词，且后半句 it took them three winters 中的 them 表明须用复数。 【派生】settle vi. & vt. 定居 → settler n. 移民；殖民者（复数为 settlers）。 【句析】The first settlers to arrive in the valley 中不定式作后置定语，修饰 settlers；谓语为 found nothing but stones and wild grass；and 连接并列分句，it took them three winters to grow enough food 中 it 为形式主语，不定式短语才是真正的主语。 20．【答案】formally 【考点】词形变化——修饰过去分词 dressed 用副词。 【派生】formal adj. 正规的，庄重的 → formally adv. 正式地 → informal adj. 非正式的。 【句析】The guests 为主句主语；formally dressed in dark suits 为过去分词短语作定语，说明 guests 的状态；谓语为 stood in a long line at the entrance；waiting to greet the bride 为现在分词短语作伴随状语。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $