精品解析：黑龙江省实验中学2023-2024学年高一下学期第二阶段性考试英语试卷

黑龙江省实验中学2023-2024学年度高一学年下学期 第二次阶段性考试英语学科试题 考试时间：120分钟 总分：150分 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is the weather like during the weekend? A Cold. B. Warm. C. Hot. 2. Who is Michael probably talking to? A. His classmate. B. His mother. C. His teacher. 3. Which subject does the woman do best in? A. English. B. Physics. C. Math. 4. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At home. B. In the office. C. In the hospital. 5. What does the woman mean? A. She will go to the theater. B. She will work on a paper. C. She is preparing for an experiment. 第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. How many bottles of red wine did the man order? A. 5,000. B. 10,000. C. 15,000. 7. What will the woman do next? A. Contact the transport department. B. Organize the new transport. C. Make a phone call. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What was the woman’s sister dissatisfied with about the dress? A. The price. B. The color. C. The size. 9. What did the woman buy in the shopping center? A. A T-shirt. B. A dress. C. A skirt. 10. What do we know about the woman’s sister? A. Her birthday is coming. B. She bought nothing on Saturday. C. She picked some clothes for the girl. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What are the speakers talking about? A. Their New Year plans. B. A new job. C. A hobby. 12. Why does the man want to go to China? A. To visit tourist attractions. B. To meet a friend. C. To study. 13. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Find a hobby. B. Meet new people. C. Take a modern dance course. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What is the main topic of the conversation? A. Running a pet food business. B. Working on nutrition for different dogs. C. Avoiding the difficulties of starting a business. 15. What role does Carol play in the business? A. Handling customer orders. B. Ensuring food quality. C. Taking care of the pets. 16. What does Dan think of looking after his friend’s dogs? A. Confusing. B. Interesting. C. Challenging. 17. What do we know about Dan? A. He set up his business three years ago. B. He has two employees working for him. C. He got the idea of his business from a friend. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What can we learn about the rooms at the camp? A. They look modern. B. They are quite large. C. They can hold 20 people each. 19. How long is the rest time after lunch? A. One hour. B. One and a half hours. C. Two hours. 20. When does the conversation take place? A. Before lunchtime. B. At lunchtime. C. After lunchtime. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Want a part-time job? Here are some options. Court Monitors We are seeking fun and energetic individuals for Court Monitors. You must be a good communicator, able to work under pressure and enjoy a fast-paced environment. Applicants must have reliable transportation, be available to work weekends and have a proven background in the field. Benefits: ● Employee discount ● Flexible schedule for all of life events Basic Landscaping Dickerson Landscaping is looking to add experienced members to our landscaping team. If you enjoy working outdoors and are genuinely interested in crafting, planting, and digging, then we’re interested in you! You should be capable of doing physical work and lifting objects over50 lbs. We work on weekdays. Benefits: ● Paid time off ● Life insurance ● Health insurance Sandwich Artist An outstanding Sandwich Make is wanted! The ideal person for this position has relevant work experience in the restaurant industry. A responsibility is to safely prepare sandwiches to our customers’ specifications, work cooperatively with other food service staff and help to maintain organization and cleanliness in the kitchen. Benefits: ● Paid training ● Paid time off ● Free uniforms ● Discounted meals Vegetable Farm Assistant If you are into organic farm practices and take interest in local and sustainably produced food, join us! Previous experience is a plus, but not required. Have the ability to lift and carry 50 lbs and perform tasks that require bending or kneeling for several hours. Schedule can be flexible with priority given to applicants with Monday-Thursday availability. Benefits: ● Flexible schedule 1. What will result in disqualification as a court monitor? A. Being a green hand. B. Being stress-resistant. C Being a communicative person. D. Being available on weekends. 2 What can you get from the job as a sandwich artist? A. Free dining. B. Leave with pay. C. Stylish clothes. D. Personalized training. 3. What is a shared requirement for Basic Landscaping and Vegetable Farm Assistant? A. Excellent hand skills. B. A strong body. C. A tight working schedule. D. Prior experience. B If you could travel in time, where would you go? Perhaps you would watch a performance of a Shakespeare’s play in Elizabethan England? What about hanging out with Laozi in the Spring and Autumn Period? Or maybe you’d voyage far ahead of the present day to see what the future holds. The possibility of time travel is indeed appealing. Stories exploring the subject have been around for hundreds of years. Perhaps the best-known example is science fiction novel The Time Machine, written by H. G. Wells and published in 1895. It was adapted into at least two feature films of the same name, as well as two television versions, and a large number of comic book adaptations. It is generally credited with the popularization of the concept of time travel using a vehicle that allows an operator to travel purposefully and selectively. The term “time machine”, put forward by Wells, now universally refers to a vehicle transporting people into the far future. But could time travel actually be possible? Some scientists say yes, in theory. They propose using cracks in time and space called “wormholes”, which could be used as short cuts to other periods. Einstein’s theory of relativity allows time travel in extreme circumstances. And Stephen Hawking says you could travel into the future with a really fast spaceship—going at nearly the speed of light, though building such a spaceship wouldn’t of course be simple. Even if you could travel into the past, there is something called the “grandfather paradox”. It asks what would happen if a time traveler were to go back in time and have his own grandfather killed for some reason, and therefore prevent himself from being born. If the time traveler wasn’t born, how would he travel back in time? And would you really like to visit the future? In H. G. Wells’ book, the main character travels into distant time where he arrives at a beach and is attacked by giant crabs. He then voyages 30 million years into the future where the only living thing is a black object with tentacles (触角). If that’s what’s in store, maybe we are better just living in the present day after all. 4. Which of the following statements is TRUE? A. It was H.G. Wells who invented the term “time machine”. B. The Time Machine is one of the bestselling science fiction novels. C. Works of Literature about time travel first appeared one hundred years ago. D. There are films, comic books and poems adapted from the novel The Time Machine. 5. Einstein’s and Hawking’s theories ______. A. suggest the possibility of time travel B. have pushed the invention of the first spaceship C. have been proved wrong by some time travelers D. have similarities because both are based on experiments 6. In Paragraph 4, “grandfather paradox” probably refers to the idea that ______. A. the traveler is prevented from meeting his grandfather B. the traveler goes back in time to seek for his grandfather C. the grandfather’s death makes the traveler’s birth impossible D. the reunion of the traveler and his grandfather brings happiness 7. According to the passage what is probably the author’s attitude towards time travel? A. Doubtful. B. Supportive. C. Unclear. D. Unconcerned. C Nearly a million bats are killed each year in the United States by crashing into working wind turbines (涡轮机), pushing the Department of Energy (DOE) to take some measures. As the United States seeks to expand wind energy to reduce carbon emissions and minimize climate impacts, land-based wind turbines are emerging as a threat to several bat species. In 2022, wind power generated about 10 percent of U. S. energy and accounted for half of the electricity from renewables. DOE projects U. S. wind capacity to nearly triple by 2050, adding 260 gigawatts. Some of the increase will come from offshore wind farms, which are less harmful to bats. “The 880, 000 bats killed every year in the United States is a shockingly large number, ” said Winifred Frick, a chief scientist at Bat Conservation International. The death count suggests many bat species could become endangered in the next few years. The value of bats goes beyond benefits that farmers get from pest control. They have a positive impact on pollinating (授粉) plants and increasing agricultural production. They could also help scientists understand aging and death better because bats have relatively longer life. But the scientific community currently has no idea why wind turbines attract bats or how to keep bats away from the turbines whose blades reach 200 feet. DOE has given scientists millions of dollars, aiming to address the knowledge gap. The fund is going to scientists who will test untried methods of bat protection. The goal, Frick said, is to “find solutions that can maximize energy production while minimizing the number of bats killed.” Frick’s team has received $ 2. 5 million to test whether the bright lights fixed on turbines to warn aircraft pilots are attracting bats. If that is the case, wind farms can put up aircraft detection systems that will turn on flashing warning lights only when an airplane is nearby and reduce bat deaths. DOE’s funding will allow researchers at the nonprofit research institute to run tests in a wider range. 8. What can be inferred from the figures in paragraph 2? A. Wind power is a top priority for DOE. B. Wind turbines are becoming attractive to bats. C Land-based wind farms are more friendly to bats. D. Bats are indirect victims of environmental awareness. 9. What significance do bats have according to the text? A. They provide insights into life science. B. They are the primary killers of insects. C. They are used for studies on energy generation. D. They have a decisive effect on crop production. 10. Which can best explain the underlined word “gap” in paragraph 4? A. Difference. B. Conflict. C. Ignorance. D. Imbalance. 11. What will DOE’s funding be used for? A. Supporting the setup of bright lights on turbines. B. Promoting wide-ranging research on bat conservation. C. Exploring ways to make energy production bat-friendly. D Seeking methods for improving wind energy production. D Consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) has increased over the past 20 years. UPFs (超加工食品) contain few or no whole foods, are industrially produced, are ready-to-eat or ready-to-heat, and include additives (添加剂). The ultra-processing of food reduces its nutritional value. It has been known that higher UPF consumption is associated with overweight and heart disease. Now, research has been extended to examine its impact on mental health. In a new study, over 72,000 participants who were at least 55 years old and didn’t have dementia (痴呆) at the start of the study were followed for an average of 10 years, during which they filled out questionnaires regarding their diet. By the end of the study, 518 people were diagnosed (诊断) with dementia. After adjusting for other factors that could affect risk of dementia such as age, gender, and heart disease, researchers found every 10 percent increase in daily intake of UPFs was associated with a 25 percent higher risk of dementia. They also found replacing 10percent of UPFs with unprocessed or minimally processed foods was associated with a 19 percent lower risk of dementia. In another study, researchers found individuals who consumed the most UPFs had significant increases in the symptoms (症状) of mild depression, “mentally unhealthy days”, and “anxious days”. Eric Hecht, Founder and Executive Director of the Institute of Etiological Research, said, “More than 70 percent of packaged foods in the US are classified as UPFs and represent about 60percent of all calories consumed by Americans. Considering the degree of exposure to and effects of UPF consumption, this study has great significance in clinical practice and public health. It might help improve future development of dietary guidelines.” Facing such alarming data, maybe it’s time for Americans to reconsider their food choices. Researchers recommend taxes on UPFs and carrying out policies to reduce the consumption. They also support programs and policies to increase the availability and affordability of whole foods, especially among disadvantaged populations. 12. What do we know about UPFs? A. They have no nutritional value. B. They are ready-made and instant foods. C. They are cheap and mass-produced. D. They serve as additions to our daily diets. 13. What’s Eric Hecht’s attitude toward the new study? A. Positive. B. Negative. C. Ambiguous. D. Doubtful. 14. What do researchers suggest doing? A. Collecting higher taxes on UPFs. B. Decreasing UPFs’ consumption in diet. C. Focusing on the nutrient content of foods. D. Increasing public awareness of whole foods. 15. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. Public Health Response to UPFs B. Physical Disorders Linked to UPFs C. Rising Consumption of UPFs in the US D. Negative Effects of UPFs on Mental Health 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 It’s happened to all of us: a song comes on the radio, and we are immediately transported back to a time in our past. ____16____ There are a few things that connect tunes with our memories. Music is often a necessary element of many important life events, and it is also very effective in arresting our attention. ____17____ Besides, the emotional nature of music helps make it particularly memorable. We often become familiar with a piece of music because we hear it as background music. The more familiar a piece of music is, the more effective it is in bringing back memories. ____18____ The reason is that we are far more likely to hear a song over and over again than to watch a film or a TV programme in the same way. Tiffany Jenkins, writing for a culture column, has a different opinion: ____19____ She tells us how throughout history oral cultures have passed important knowledge from generation to generation through songs because of this characteristic. The rhythm (韵律) and rhyme in lines of songs all serve as memory aids. ____20____ This fact corresponds with what many experts call the “reminiscence bump (怀旧性记忆)”, where older adults (over forty) have increased recollection of events that occurred during their adolescence and early adulthood. It’s clear that our memories and music are closely linked — to the point that music is being used to help Alzheimer’s disease sufferers access memories that they thought they had lost. A. Familiarity is important. B. Music itself is easy to remember. C. But what makes music so effective in doing this? D. Our musical preference usually forms during our teens. E. This applies to music more than other cultural products. F. Pop music especially can be connected with an important memory. G. Music and these life events are likely to be linked together in our memories. 第三部分 语言运用（共四节，满分55分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Goldie’s Secret She turned up at the doorstep of my house. No way could I have sent her away. No way. Maybe someone had ____21____ her out of their car the night before. “We’re moving house.” “No ____22____ for her any more with the new baby coming.” People find all sorts of excuse for ____23____ an animal. She was one of the most beautiful dogs I had ever seen. I called her Goldie. She was so unsettled during those first few days, hardly able to eat anything and had such a(n) ____24____ of sadness about her. There was nothing I could do to make her happy, it seemed. Heaven knows what had happened to her at her previous owner’s. But eventually at the end of the first week she ____25____. Always by my side, whether we were out or sitting by the fire. That’s why it was such a ____26____ when she pulled away from me one day when we were out for a walk. We were a long way from home, when she started barking and getting very ____27____. Eventually I couldn’t hold her any longer and she ____28____ down the road towards a farmhouse. By the time I reached the farm I was very tired and ____29____ with Goldie. But when I saw her licking (舔) the four puppies I started to feel _____30_____ to them. “Oh! Honey, I can’t believe my eyes!” cheered the woman at the door. “I took her for a (n) _____31_____ one day, soon after the puppies were born, and she just disappeared.” She explained to me. “She must have tried to come back and got _____32_____,” added a boy from behind her, eyes sparkling _____33_____. I must admit I do miss Goldie, but I’ve got Nugget now, and she looks just like her _____34_____. And I’ve learnt a good lesson: not to _____35_____ people. 21. A. asked B. invited C. kicked D. knocked 22. A. credit B. food C. security D. space 23. A. abandoning B. buying C. hurting D. selling 24. A. air B. case C. status D. voice 25. A. broke down B. calmed down C. sat down D. slowed down 26. A. comfort B. delight C. shock D. terror 27. A. annoyed B. helpless C. restless D. scared 28. A. kept off B. raced off C. showed off D. took off 29. A. bored B. patient C. thrilled D. upset 30. A. committed B. brilliant C. grateful D. sympathetic 31. A. sale B. show C. tour D. walk 32. A. injured B. killed C. lost D. trapped 33. A. with care B. with joy C. in astonishment D. in terror 34. A. fellow B. friend C. mother D. owner 35. A. expect B. judge C. observe D. tease 第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 36. Rain forests________ and burned at such a speed will disappear from the earth in the near future. A. cut B. are cut C. being cut D. are being cut 37. The audience________before TV sets are listening to the hero’s stories with their eyes________upon him. A. seating；fixing B. seated；fixing C. seated；fixed D. seating；fixed 38. ______ not to be late for the class, Lily set out for school in a hurry. A. Reminding B. Reminded C. To remind D. Having reminded 39. It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some ________ over 90 meters. A. measured B. measuring C. measures D. is measured 40. ________ to raise her three daughters, my mother retired from her job and moved to the countryside to enjoy the rest of her life. A. Struggling B. Having struggled C. To struggle D. Struggled 41. Ordinary soap, _______ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively. A. being used B. using C. used D. to use 42. People are talking about the new play ________ in two weeks. A. to be put on B. to putting on C. being put on D. put on 43. Effective learning ______ play an important role in improving the academic record and individual ability. A. funds B. species C. certificates D. strategies 44. Bringing up a great child alone should give you a sense of________. A. arrangement B. treatment C. embarrassment D. achievement 45. The sick woman ____in bed ____to the doctor that she had already taken the pill ____ on the table by the nurse a moment ago . A. laying; lay; lay B. lying; lie; lie C. lying; lied; laid D. lay; lying; lay 46. Parents ______ much importance to education. They will do their best to give their children that priceless gift. A. contribute B. pay C. obtain D. attach 47. It’s difficult to balance the demands of my job and the ______ to be a good father. A. theory B. foundation C. desire D. confirmation 48. Winton decided to help transport children to safety in Britain. He established an office to keep records of the children, and then returned to Britain to find ______ homes for them. A. temporary B. military C. extraordinary D. effective 49. Water is becoming an increasingly ______ resource for many factors. If all the countries fail to work together to save it and protect it, the last drop of water on the earth is our tears. A. precious B. previous C. further D. available 50. After careful research and investigation, the bike company plans to ______ its operations into Europe. A. extend B. intend C. pretend D. conduct 第三节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 单句填空 51. It’s not your fault, and you could________(forgive) for missing the train. （所给词的适当形式填空） 52. Rumors are not always nasty (恶意的), but they can be especially ______ (annoy) when they are something against you. (所给词的适当形式填空) 53. Some schools will have to make several ______ (adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform. (所给词的适当形式填空) 54. 5G technology will make a great _____(contribute) to the development of China’s communication industry. (所给词的适当形式填空) 55. To work out the problem of water _________(short), we have to put all our efforts together. (所给词的适当形式填空) 56. No matter when and where the masses are in trouble,the Chinese soldiers always come to their________ (assist) immediately. (所给词的适当形式填空) 57. To our_______________(relieve), he recovered his health and went back to work. (所给词的适当形式填空) 58. If you don’t want to lose your friends, you must practise honesty, ________ ( generous) and understanding. （所给词的适当形式填空） 59. He ______ (shoot) in the leg during an armed robbery. (所给词的适当形式填空) 60. While the ______ (origin) purpose of the World Post Day was to promote the postal service worldwide, now its significance is more about postal culture. (所给词的适当形式填空) 第四节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 “The Chinese language ____61____ (become) popular among Lebanese students in the past five years,” says Antoine Hokayem, a professor and local director of the Confucius Institute at the University of Saint Joseph (USJ),Connecticut in the US. “In the past, Lebanese students used to register for the Chinese language as ____62____ elective course. Today, we receive students from the USJ and other universities who learn the language to either work in China ____63____ continue their education in the East Asian countries,” Hokayem said on the occasion of the 15th anniversary of the establishment of the institute. Engineering and telecommunication students are among the people who are most interested in the language as they aim ____64____ (continue) their higher education in China. Other students attend the institute’s courses with the ____65____ (intend) of providing help for their parents who are engaged ____66____ trade activities with Chinese partners. “We have small children who learn the language and speak ____67____ (fluent) with their Chinese teachers. More than half of our students now come from outside our university.” ____68____ (found) in 2006 through a partnership between China’s Shenyang Normal University and the USJ, the Confucius Institute at USJ was selected as one of the ____69____ (good) Confucius Institutes in the world for its cultural and social activities. In recent years, the institute has held lectures ____70____ cover topics including China’s economy and cultural values as well as Peking Opera and The Belt and Road Initiative. 第四部分 写作（满分15分） 71. 假定你是李华，你校留学生协会正在筹备中外学生篮球联谊赛，现需要一名精通双语且具有一定篮球知识的裁判。请你给负责人写一封邮件申请做裁判，内容包括： 1. 写信目的：2. 个人优势；3. 能做的事。 注意： 1. 词数100左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：篮球联谊赛basketball friendship match；双语裁判员bilingual referee Dear Sir or Madam, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 黑龙江省实验中学2023-2024学年度高一学年下学期 第二次阶段性考试英语学科试题 考试时间：120分钟 总分：150分 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is the weather like during the weekend? A. Cold. B. Warm. C. Hot. 2. Who is Michael probably talking to? A. His classmate. B. His mother. C. His teacher. 3. Which subject does the woman do best in? A. English. B. Physics. C. Math. 4. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At home. B. In the office. C. In the hospital. 5. What does the woman mean? A. She will go to the theater. B. She will work on a paper. C. She is preparing for an experiment. 第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. How many bottles of red wine did the man order? A. 5,000. B. 10,000. C. 15,000. 7. What will the woman do next? A. Contact the transport department. B. Organize the new transport. C. Make a phone call. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What was the woman’s sister dissatisfied with about the dress? A. The price. B. The color. C. The size. 9. What did the woman buy in the shopping center? A. A T-shirt. B. A dress. C. A skirt. 10. What do we know about the woman’s sister? A. Her birthday is coming. B. She bought nothing on Saturday. C. She picked some clothes for the girl. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What are the speakers talking about? A. Their New Year plans. B. A new job. C. A hobby. 12. Why does the man want to go to China? A. To visit tourist attractions. B. To meet a friend. C. To study. 13. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Find a hobby. B. Meet new people. C. Take a modern dance course. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What is the main topic of the conversation? A. Running a pet food business. B. Working on nutrition for different dogs. C. Avoiding the difficulties of starting a business. 15. What role does Carol play in the business? A. Handling customer orders. B. Ensuring food quality. C. Taking care of the pets. 16. What does Dan think of looking after his friend’s dogs? A. Confusing. B. Interesting. C. Challenging. 17. What do we know about Dan? A. He set up his business three years ago. B. He has two employees working for him. C. He got the idea of his business from a friend. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What can we learn about the rooms at the camp? A. They look modern. B. They are quite large. C. They can hold 20 people each. 19. How long is the rest time after lunch? A. One hour. B. One and a half hours. C. Two hours. 20. When does the conversation take place? A. Before lunchtime. B. At lunchtime. C. After lunchtime. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Want a part-time job? Here are some options. Court Monitors We are seeking fun and energetic individuals for Court Monitors. You must be a good communicator, able to work under pressure and enjoy a fast-paced environment. Applicants must have reliable transportation, be available to work weekends and have a proven background in the field. Benefits: ● Employee discount ● Flexible schedule for all of life events Basic Landscaping Dickerson Landscaping is looking to add experienced members to our landscaping team. If you enjoy working outdoors and are genuinely interested in crafting, planting, and digging, then we’re interested in you! You should be capable of doing physical work and lifting objects over50 lbs. We work on weekdays. Benefits: ● Paid time off ● Life insurance ● Health insurance Sandwich Artist An outstanding Sandwich Make is wanted! The ideal person for this position has relevant work experience in the restaurant industry. A responsibility is to safely prepare sandwiches to our customers’ specifications, work cooperatively with other food service staff and help to maintain organization and cleanliness in the kitchen. Benefits: ● Paid training ● Paid time off ● Free uniforms ● Discounted meals Vegetable Farm Assistant If you are into organic farm practices and take interest in local and sustainably produced food, join us! Previous experience is a plus, but not required. Have the ability to lift and carry 50 lbs and perform tasks that require bending or kneeling for several hours. Schedule can be flexible with priority given to applicants with Monday-Thursday availability. Benefits: ● Flexible schedule 1. What will result in disqualification as a court monitor? A. Being a green hand. B. Being stress-resistant. C Being a communicative person. D. Being available on weekends. 2. What can you get from the job as a sandwich artist? A. Free dining. B. Leave with pay. C. Stylish clothes. D. Personalized training. 3. What is a shared requirement for Basic Landscaping and Vegetable Farm Assistant? A. Excellent hand skills. B. A strong body. C. A tight working schedule. D. Prior experience. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了几个兼职工作。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Court Monitors中“Applicants must have reliable transportation, be available to work weekends and have a proven background in the field.”（申请人必须有可靠的交通工具，可以在周末工作，并有在该领域的证明背景。）可知，一个没有任何在该领域工作经验的新手是不具备资格申请此工作的。故选A项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Sandwich Artist中“Paid time off”（带薪休假）可知，你能从三明治艺术家的工作中得到带薪休假的福利。ACD选项均与原文实意不符。故选B项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据Basic Landscaping 中“You should be capable of doing physical work and lifting objects over50 lbs.”（你应该有能力做体力劳动和举起超过50磅的物体。）以及Vegetable Farm Assistant中“Have the ability to lift and carry 50 lbs and perform tasks that require bending or kneeling for several hours.”（能够举起和携带50磅的重物，完成需要弯腰或跪着几个小时的任务。）可推知，基本园林绿化和蔬菜农场助理的共同要求是要用强壮的身体。故选B项。 B If you could travel in time, where would you go? Perhaps you would watch a performance of a Shakespeare’s play in Elizabethan England? What about hanging out with Laozi in the Spring and Autumn Period? Or maybe you’d voyage far ahead of the present day to see what the future holds. The possibility of time travel is indeed appealing. Stories exploring the subject have been around for hundreds of years. Perhaps the best-known example is science fiction novel The Time Machine written by H. G. Wells and published in 1895. It was adapted into at least two feature films of the same name, as well as two television versions, and a large number of comic book adaptations. It is generally credited with the popularization of the concept of time travel using a vehicle that allows an operator to travel purposefully and selectively. The term “time machine”, put forward by Wells, now universally refers to a vehicle transporting people into the far future. But could time travel actually be possible? Some scientists say yes, in theory. They propose using cracks in time and space called “wormholes”, which could be used as short cuts to other periods. Einstein’s theory of relativity allows time travel in extreme circumstances. And Stephen Hawking says you could travel into the future with a really fast spaceship—going at nearly the speed of light, though building such a spaceship wouldn’t of course be simple. Even if you could travel into the past, there is something called the “grandfather paradox”. It asks what would happen if a time traveler were to go back in time and have his own grandfather killed for some reason, and therefore prevent himself from being born. If the time traveler wasn’t born, how would he travel back in time? And would you really like to visit the future? In H. G. Wells’ book, the main character travels into distant time where he arrives at a beach and is attacked by giant crabs. He then voyages 30 million years into the future where the only living thing is a black object with tentacles (触角). If that’s what’s in store, maybe we are better just living in the present day after all. 4. Which of the following statements is TRUE? A. It was H.G. Wells who invented the term “time machine”. B. The Time Machine is one of the bestselling science fiction novels. C. Works of Literature about time travel first appeared one hundred years ago. D. There are films, comic books and poems adapted from the novel The Time Machine. 5. Einstein’s and Hawking’s theories ______. A. suggest the possibility of time travel B. have pushed the invention of the first spaceship C. have been proved wrong by some time travelers D. have similarities because both are based on experiments 6. In Paragraph 4, “grandfather paradox” probably refers to the idea that ______. A. the traveler is prevented from meeting his grandfather B. the traveler goes back in time to seek for his grandfather C. the grandfather’s death makes the traveler’s birth impossible D. the reunion of the traveler and his grandfather brings happiness 7. According to the passage what is probably the author’s attitude towards time travel? A. Doubtful. B. Supportive. C. Unclear. D. Unconcerned. 【答案】4. A 5. A 6. C 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了时间旅行，爱因斯坦和霍金的理论，同时表达了自己对时间旅行的观点。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The term ‘time machine’, put forward by Wells, now universally refers to a vehicle transporting people into the far future. (“时光机”这个词是威尔斯提出的，现在泛指一种把人送到遥远未来的交通工具。)”可知，是H.G. Wells提出了“时光机器”这一词。故选A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Einstein’s theory of relativity allows time travel in extreme circumstances. And Stephen Hawking says you could travel into the future with a really fast spaceship—going at nearly the speed of light, though building such a spaceship wouldn’t of course be simple. (爱因斯坦的相对论允许在极端情况下进行时间旅行。斯蒂芬·霍金说，你可以乘坐一艘非常快的宇宙飞船前往未来——以接近光速的速度飞行，尽管建造这样一艘宇宙飞船当然不容易。)”可知，爱因斯坦和霍金的理论提出了发明时间机器的可能性。故选A。 【6题详解】 词义猜测题。根据文章第四段“It asks what would happen if a time traveler were to go back in time and have his own grandfather killed for some reason, and therefore prevent himself from being born. If the time traveler wasn’t born, how would he travel back in time? (它问的是，如果一个时间旅行者回到过去，他的祖父因为某种原因被杀，从而阻止了自己的出生，会发生什么。如果时间旅行者没有出生，他怎么能回到过去呢?)”所以这里“grandfather paradox”指的是“祖父的死能够使旅行者的出生变得不可能”。故选C。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“If that’s what’s in store, maybe we are better just living in the present day after all. (如果这就是未来，也许我们最好还是活在当下。)”作者认为最好活在当下，所以作者对时光穿梭是怀疑的态度。故选A。 C Nearly a million bats are killed each year in the United States by crashing into working wind turbines (涡轮机), pushing the Department of Energy (DOE) to take some measures. As the United States seeks to expand wind energy to reduce carbon emissions and minimize climate impacts land-based wind turbines are emerging as a threat to several bat species. In 2022, wind power generated about 10 percent of U. S. energy and accounted for half of the electricity from renewables. DOE projects U. S. wind capacity to nearly triple by 2050, adding 260 gigawatts. Some of the increase will come from offshore wind farms, which are less harmful to bats. “The 880, 000 bats killed every year in the United States is a shockingly large number, ” said Winifred Frick, a chief scientist at Bat Conservation International. The death count suggests many bat species could become endangered in the next few years. The value of bats goes beyond benefits that farmers get from pest control. They have a positive impact on pollinating (授粉) plants and increasing agricultural production. They could also help scientists understand aging and death better because bats have relatively longer life. But the scientific community currently has no idea why wind turbines attract bats or how to keep bats away from the turbines whose blades reach 200 feet. DOE has given scientists millions of dollars, aiming to address the knowledge gap. The fund is going to scientists who will test untried methods of bat protection. The goal, Frick said, is to “find solutions that can maximize energy production while minimizing the number of bats killed.” Frick’s team has received $ 2. 5 million to test whether the bright lights fixed on turbines to warn aircraft pilots are attracting bats. If that is the case, wind farms can put up aircraft detection systems that will turn on flashing warning lights only when an airplane is nearby and reduce bat deaths. DOE’s funding will allow researchers at the nonprofit research institute to run tests in a wider range. 8. What can be inferred from the figures in paragraph 2? A. Wind power is a top priority for DOE. B. Wind turbines are becoming attractive to bats. C. Land-based wind farms are more friendly to bats. D. Bats are indirect victims of environmental awareness. 9. What significance do bats have according to the text? A. They provide insights into life science. B. They are the primary killers of insects. C. They are used for studies on energy generation. D. They have a decisive effect on crop production. 10. Which can best explain the underlined word “gap” in paragraph 4? A. Difference. B. Conflict. C. Ignorance. D. Imbalance. 11. What will DOE’s funding be used for? A. Supporting the setup of bright lights on turbines. B. Promoting wide-ranging research on bat conservation. C. Exploring ways to make energy production bat-friendly. D. Seeking methods for improving wind energy production. 【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了美国每年有近100万只蝙蝠因撞上正在工作的风力涡轮机而死亡，这促使能源部采取了一些措施。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段““The 880, 000 bats killed every year in the United States is a shockingly large number,” said Winifred Frick, a chief scientist at Bat Conservation International. (“美国每年有88万只蝙蝠被捕杀，这是一个惊人的数字，”蝙蝠保护国际组织的首席科学家威妮弗雷德·弗里克说)”可知，从第二段的数字中可以推断出蝙蝠是环境意识的间接受害者。故选D。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“They could also help scientists understand aging and death better because bats have relatively longer life. (它们还可以帮助科学家更好地理解衰老和死亡，因为蝙蝠的寿命相对较长)”可知，蝙蝠可以帮助科学家更好地理解衰老和死亡，可以帮助提供对生命科学的见解。故选A。 【10题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第四段划线单词上文“But the scientific community currently has no idea why wind turbines attract bats or how to keep bats away from the turbines whose blades reach 200 feet. (但是科学界目前不知道为什么风力涡轮机会吸引蝙蝠，也不知道如何让蝙蝠远离叶片达到200英尺的涡轮机)”可知，人们不知道为什么风力涡轮机会吸引蝙蝠，也不知道如何让蝙蝠远离叶片达到200英尺的涡轮机，推测划线单词的意思是“无知”，与Ignorance意义相近。故选C。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The fund is going to scientists who will test untried methods of bat protection. The goal, Frick said, is to “find solutions that can maximize energy production while minimizing the number of bats killed.”(该基金将资助那些测试未经试验的蝙蝠保护方法的科学家。弗里克说，目标是“找到能够最大限度地提高能源产量同时最大限度地减少蝙蝠死亡数量的解决方案。”)”可知，能源部的资金将用于探索使能源生产对蝙蝠友好的方法。故选C。 D Consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) has increased over the past 20 years. UPFs (超加工食品) contain few or no whole foods, are industrially produced, are ready-to-eat or ready-to-heat, and include additives (添加剂). The ultra-processing of food reduces its nutritional value. It has been known that higher UPF consumption is associated with overweight and heart disease. Now, research has been extended to examine its impact on mental health. In a new study, over 72,000 participants who were at least 55 years old and didn’t have dementia (痴呆) at the start of the study were followed for an average of 10 years, during which they filled out questionnaires regarding their diet. By the end of the study, 518 people were diagnosed (诊断) with dementia. After adjusting for other factors that could affect risk of dementia such as age, gender, and heart disease, researchers found every 10 percent increase in daily intake of UPFs was associated with a 25 percent higher risk of dementia. They also found replacing 10percent of UPFs with unprocessed or minimally processed foods was associated with a 19 percent lower risk of dementia. In another study, researchers found individuals who consumed the most UPFs had significant increases in the symptoms (症状) of mild depression, “mentally unhealthy days”, and “anxious days”. Eric Hecht, Founder and Executive Director of the Institute of Etiological Research, said, “More than 70 percent of packaged foods in the US are classified as UPFs and represent about 60percent of all calories consumed by Americans. Considering the degree of exposure to and effects of UPF consumption, this study has great significance in clinical practice and public health. It might help improve future development of dietary guidelines.” Facing such alarming data, maybe it’s time for Americans to reconsider their food choices. Researchers recommend taxes on UPFs and carrying out policies to reduce the consumption. They also support programs and policies to increase the availability and affordability of whole foods, especially among disadvantaged populations. 12. What do we know about UPFs? A. They have no nutritional value. B. They are ready-made and instant foods. C. They are cheap and mass-produced. D. They serve as additions to our daily diets. 13. What’s Eric Hecht’s attitude toward the new study? A. Positive. B. Negative. C. Ambiguous. D. Doubtful. 14. What do researchers suggest doing? A. Collecting higher taxes on UPFs. B. Decreasing UPFs’ consumption in diet. C. Focusing on the nutrient content of foods. D. Increasing public awareness of whole foods. 15. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. Public Health Response to UPFs B. Physical Disorders Linked to UPFs C. Rising Consumption of UPFs in the US D. Negative Effects of UPFs on Mental Health 【答案】12. B 13. A 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。超加工食品的消费在过去20年中有所增加。人们已知，较高的超加工食品摄入量与超重和心脏病有关，而一项新研究表明，超加工食品对心理健康也有负面影响，它可能会增加痴呆、抑郁和焦虑的风险。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“UPFs (超加工食品) contain few or no whole foods, are industrially produced, are ready-to-eat or ready-to-heat, and include additives (添加剂). The ultra-processing of food reduces its nutritional value. (超加工食品含有很少或不含天然食物，是工业生产的，是即食或即热的，并含有添加剂。食品的超加工降低了其营养价值)”可推知，UPFs是预先制成的快餐食品。故选B。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Considering the degree of exposure to and effects of UPF consumption, this study has great significance in clinical practice and public health. It might help improve future development of dietary guidelines. (考虑到UPF消费的暴露程度和影响，本研究在临床实践和公共卫生方面具有重要意义。这可能有助于改善未来饮食指南的制定)”可推知，Eric Hecht对这项研究持肯定的态度，故选A。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Researchers recommend taxes on UPFs and carrying out policies to reduce the consumption. (研究人员建议对UPF征税，并实施减少消费的政策)”可推知，研究人员建议人们要降低膳食中超加工食品的比例，减少超加工食品的摄入量。故选B。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“Now, research has been extended to examine its impact on mental health. (现在，研究已经扩展到检查它对心理健康的影响)”和第二段中的“After adjusting for other factors that could affect risk of dementia such as age, gender, and heart disease, researchers found every 10 percent increase in daily intake of UPFs was associated with a 25 percent higher risk of dementia. (在调整了其他可能影响痴呆症风险的因素（如年龄、性别和心脏病）后，研究人员发现，每天摄入upf每增加10%，患痴呆症的风险就会增加25%)”和第三段中的“In another study, researchers found individuals who consumed the most UPFs had significant increases in the symptoms (症状) of mild depression, “mentally unhealthy days”, and “anxious days”. (在另一项研究中，研究人员发现，摄入最多upf的人，轻度抑郁、“精神不健康日”和“焦虑日”的症状显著增加)”可知，本文主要介绍的是超加工食品对心理健康的负面影，它可能会增加人们痴呆、抑郁和焦虑的风险。由此可知，D选项“Negative Effects of UPFs on Mental Health (UPF对心理健康的负面影响)”适合作本文标题。故选D。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 It’s happened to all of us: a song comes on the radio, and we are immediately transported back to a time in our past. ____16____ There are a few things that connect tunes with our memories. Music is often a necessary element of many important life events, and it is also very effective in arresting our attention. ____17____ Besides, the emotional nature of music helps make it particularly memorable. We often become familiar with a piece of music because we hear it as background music. The more familiar a piece of music is, the more effective it is in bringing back memories. ____18____ The reason is that we are far more likely to hear a song over and over again than to watch a film or a TV programme in the same way. Tiffany Jenkins, writing for a culture column, has a different opinion: ____19____ She tells us how throughout history oral cultures have passed important knowledge from generation to generation through songs because of this characteristic. The rhythm (韵律) and rhyme in lines of songs all serve as memory aids. ____20____ This fact corresponds with what many experts call the “reminiscence bump (怀旧性记忆)”, where older adults (over forty) have increased recollection of events that occurred during their adolescence and early adulthood. It’s clear that our memories and music are closely linked — to the point that music is being used to help Alzheimer’s disease sufferers access memories that they thought they had lost. A. Familiarity is important. B. Music itself is easy to remember. C. But what makes music so effective in doing this? D. Our musical preference usually forms during our teens. E. This applies to music more than other cultural products. F. Pop music especially can be connected with an important memory. G. Music and these life events are likely to be linked together in our memories. 【答案】16. C 17. G 18. E 19. B 20. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章对音乐为什么总是会唤起人们的某些回忆进行了解释。 【16题详解】 根据前文“It’s happened to all of us: a song comes on the radio, and we are immediately transported back to a time in our past.(我们每个人都有过这样的经历：收音机里响起一首歌，我们立刻被传送回过去的某个时间。)”和后文“There are a few things that connect tunes with our memories.(有一些东西可以将音乐与我们的记忆联系起来。)”可知，此处是指音乐是如何与我们的回忆联系在一起的，所以选项C“但是什么让音乐在这方面如此有效呢？”切合文意。故选C。 【17题详解】 根据前文“Music is often a necessary element of many important life events, and it is also very effective in arresting our attention.(音乐往往是许多重要生活事件的必要元素，它也非常有效地吸引我们的注意力。)”可知，此处是指因此音乐和生活事件有可能在我们的记忆里产生联系，所以选项G“音乐和这些生活事件很可能在我们的记忆中联系在一起。”切合文意。故选G。 【18题详解】 根据后文“The reason is that we are far more likely to hear a song over and over again than to watch a film or a TV programme in the same way.(原因是我们更有可能一遍又一遍地听一首歌，而不是用同样的方式看电影或电视节目。)”可知，此处是指比起电影或电视节目等音乐更有可能唤起回忆，所以选项E“比起其他文化产品，这更适用于音乐。”切合文意。故选E。 【19题详解】 根据后文“She tells us how throughout history oral cultures have passed important knowledge from generation to generation through songs because of this characteristic. The rhythm (韵律) and rhyme in lines of songs all serve as memory aids.(她告诉我们，由于这一特点，在整个历史中，口头文化是如何通过歌曲将重要的知识代代相传的。歌词的节奏和韵律都可以帮助记忆。)”可知，此处是指音乐容易记忆，所以选项B“音乐本身很容易记住。”切合文意。故选B。 【20题详解】 根据后文“This fact corresponds with what many experts call the “reminiscence bump (怀旧性记忆)”, where older adults (over forty) have increased recollection of events that occurred during their adolescence and early adulthood.(这一事实与许多专家所说的“怀旧性记忆”相吻合，即老年人（40岁以上）对青春期和成年早期发生的事件的回忆增加。)”可知，此处是指我们的音乐喜好通常形成于青少年时期，所以选项D“我们的音乐偏好通常在青少年时期形成。”切合文意。故选D。 第三部分 语言运用（共四节，满分55分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Goldie’s Secret She turned up at the doorstep of my house. No way could I have sent her away. No way. Maybe someone had ____21____ her out of their car the night before. “We’re moving house.” “No ____22____ for her any more with the new baby coming.” People find all sorts of excuse for ____23____ an animal. She was one of the most beautiful dogs I had ever seen. I called her Goldie. She was so unsettled during those first few days, hardly able to eat anything and had such a(n) ____24____ of sadness about her. There was nothing I could do to make her happy, it seemed. Heaven knows what had happened to her at her previous owner’s. But eventually at the end of the first week she ____25____. Always by my side, whether we were out or sitting by the fire. That’s why it was such a ____26____ when she pulled away from me one day when we were out for a walk. We were a long way from home, when she started barking and getting very ____27____. Eventually I couldn’t hold her any longer and she ____28____ down the road towards a farmhouse. By the time I reached the farm I was very tired and ____29____ with Goldie. But when I saw her licking (舔) the four puppies I started to feel _____30_____ to them. “Oh! Honey, I can’t believe my eyes!” cheered the woman at the door. “I took her for a (n) _____31_____ one day, soon after the puppies were born, and she just disappeared.” She explained to me. “She must have tried to come back and got _____32_____,” added a boy from behind her, eyes sparkling _____33_____. I must admit I do miss Goldie, but I’ve got Nugget now, and she looks just like her _____34_____. And I’ve learnt a good lesson: not to _____35_____ people. 21. A. asked B. invited C. kicked D. knocked 22. A. credit B. food C. security D. space 23. A. abandoning B. buying C. hurting D. selling 24. A. air B. case C. status D. voice 25. A. broke down B. calmed down C. sat down D. slowed down 26. A. comfort B. delight C. shock D. terror 27. A. annoyed B. helpless C. restless D. scared 28. A. kept off B. raced off C. showed off D. took off 29. A. bored B. patient C. thrilled D. upset 30. A. committed B. brilliant C. grateful D. sympathetic 31. A. sale B. show C. tour D. walk 32 A. injured B. killed C. lost D. trapped 33. A. with care B. with joy C. in astonishment D. in terror 34. A. fellow B. friend C. mother D. owner 35. A. expect B. judge C. observe D. tease 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. D 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。一只狗妈妈刚生完小狗后不小心走失了，作者误认为她是被人遗弃的狗便好心收养。有一天外出散步时，狗妈妈找到了回到原来的家的路，匆忙跑回了家，于是，作者才知道狗妈妈是自己走丢的。因此，作者明白了一个道理：不要评判别人。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许前一天晚上有人把她从车里踢了出来。A. asked询问；B. invited邀请；C. kicked踢；D. knocked敲。根据上文“She turned up at the doorstep of my house.”可知，这只狗可能被人抛弃了，即从车里踢出来了。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“宝宝快出生了，没地方放她了。” A. credit信用；B. food食物；C. security安全；D. space空间。根据空格后“with the new baby coming”可知，此处指的是孩子快出生了，因此没有地方放她。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们为抛弃动物找各种各样的借口。A. abandoning遗弃，抛弃；B. buying买；C. hurting伤害；D. selling售卖。根据上文“ ‘No ____2____ for her any more with the new baby coming.’”可知，因为孩子要出生，没有地方放狗，所以此处指的是人们找各种理由抛弃动物。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在最初的几天里，她非常不安，几乎什么也吃不下，脸上带着一种悲伤的神情。A. air空气，氛围；B. case情况；C. status地位；D. voice声音。根据后文“sadness about her”可知，狗被主人抛弃了，所以她周围充满了悲伤的气氛。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：但最终在第一周结束时，她平静了下来。A. broke down出故障；B. calmed down平静；C. sat down坐下；D. slowed down减速。根据后文“Always by my side, whether we were out or sitting by the fire.(无论我们外出还是坐在火炉旁，她总是在我身边)”可知，狗开始跟随作者，说明悲伤的情绪平静下来了。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么当有一天我们出去散步时，她离开我时，我感到如此震惊。A. comfort安慰；B. delight高兴；C. shock震惊；D. terror恐怖。根据上文“Always by my side, whether we were out or sitting by the fire.(无论我们外出还是坐在火炉旁，她总是在我身边)”可知，狗总是跟在作者身边，所以突然离开作者感到惊讶。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们离家很远的时候，她开始吠叫，变得非常不安。A. annoyed生气的；B. helpless无助的；C. restless不安的；D. scared害怕的。根据上文“she started barking”可知，狗吠叫说明感到不安。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：最后，我再也抓不住她了，她沿着大路跑向一所农舍。A. kept off远离；B. raced off快速移动；C. showed off炫耀；D. took off起飞。根据上文“Eventually I couldn’t hold her any longer”可知，作者再也抓不抓她，所以狗快速冲向农舍。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我到达农场时，我很累，对戈尔迪很生气。A. bored无聊的；B. patient耐心的；C. thrilled兴奋的；D. upset沮丧的。根据善文“Eventually I couldn’t hold her any longer and she ____8____ down the road towards a farmhouse. (最后，我再也抓不住她了，她沿着大路跑向一所农舍。)”以及“I was very tired”可知，狗不听话乱跑，让作者疲惫和心烦。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但当我看到她舔这四只小狗时，我开始同情它们。A. committed尽心尽力的；B. brilliant辉煌的；C. grateful感谢的；D. sympathetic同情的。根据上文“when I saw her licking the four puppies”可知，狗和自己的孩子团聚了，作者感到同情。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“小狗出生后不久，有一天我带她去散步，她就消失了。” A. sale销售；B. show展览；C. tour旅行；D. walk散步。根据文“I took her for”指带狗去散步，短语take sb. for a walk。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意： “她一定是想回来，却迷路了，”她身后的一个男孩补充道，眼睛里闪烁着喜悦的光芒。A. injured受伤的；B. killed被杀死的；C. lost迷路的；D. trapped被困的。根据上文“She must have tried to come back”可知，狗没能回家是因为迷路了。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：“她一定是想回来，却迷路了，”她身后的一个男孩补充道，眼睛里闪烁着喜悦的光芒。A. with care小心地；B. with joy快乐地；C. in astonishment惊讶地；D. in terror害怕地。根据上文“But when I saw her licking (舔) the four puppies I started to feel ____10____ to them.”可知，狗回家了，男孩应该是高兴的。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我得承认我很想念戈尔迪，但我现在有了纽格特，她长得很像她妈妈。A. fellow同伴；B. friend朋友；C. mother母亲；D. owner物主。根据上文“I must admit I do miss Goldie, but I’ve got Nugget now, and she looks just like her”中but表示转折，推测作者收养的戈尔迪的孩子，所以看起来就像她妈妈一样，选项中mother符合语境。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我学到了一个很好的教训：不要评判别人。A. expect期待；B. judge判断；C. observe观察；D. tease嘲笑。根据文章第一段“Maybe someone had ____1____ her out of their car the night before.”以及倒数第二段“ ‘I took her for a (n) ____11____ one day, soon after the puppies were born, and she just disappeared.’”可知，作者一开始以为是人们把狗抛弃了，结果是狗自己走丢的，所以这里指不要随意评判别人。故选B。 第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 36. Rain forests________ and burned at such a speed will disappear from the earth in the near future. A. cut B. are cut C. being cut D. are being cut 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：以这样的速度砍伐和燃烧的雨林将在不久的将来从地球上消失。分析可知，句中谓语是will disappear，空格处用非谓语形式，Rain forests和cut之间是被动关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，作后置定语，故选A。 37. The audience________before TV sets are listening to the hero’s stories with their eyes________upon him. A. seating；fixing B. seated；fixing C. seated；fixed D. seating；fixed 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：观众们坐在电视机前面的观众听这位英雄故事的时候，目光集中在他的身上。分析可知，空格1 是作定语，修饰The audience，与seat是被动关系，用过去分词seated作后置定语，表状态。故空格1填seated；空格2是作宾补，属于with 的复合结构。fix与宾语 their eyes是被动关系，要用过去分词。故空格2填fixed，故选C。 38. ______ not to be late for the class, Lily set out for school in a hurry. A. Reminding B. Reminded C. To remind D. Having reminded 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：莉莉被提醒上课不要迟到，于是匆匆出发去上学。分析句子结构可知，句子谓语为set off，故本空为非谓语。主语Lily与动词remind(提醒)之间为被动关系，故用过去分词Reminded，Reminded not to be late for the class做状语。故选B。 39. It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some ________ over 90 meters. A. measured B. measuring C. measures D. is measured 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查独立主格结构。句意：这儿是如此潮湿，以至于树很高，一些高达90米。分析句子可知，so...that引导状语从句，在从句中，the trees are extremely tall是完整的句子，中间没有连词，说明后面是独立主格结构， some是逻辑主语，后面是非谓语动词做状语，measure后面接数词，表示：长，宽，高是多少的时候，measure是不及物动词，用现在分词。故选B。 40. ________ to raise her three daughters, my mother retired from her job and moved to the countryside to enjoy the rest of her life. A. Struggling B. Having struggled C. To struggle D. Struggled 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查现在分词完成式。句意：在努力抚养三个女儿之后，我母亲退休了，搬到农村去享受她的余生。本句已有并列谓语retired和moved且无连词，动词struggle用非谓语形式，逻辑主语my mother与动词struggle是主谓关系，且struggle发生在并列谓语retired和moved之前，struggle用现在分词完成式（having done）表主动，作状语。故选B项。 41. Ordinary soap, _______ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively. A. being used B. using C. used D. to use 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：普通肥皂，如果正确使用，可以有效地处理细菌。分析句子结构可知，逻辑主语Ordinary soap和动词use是被动关系，use用过去分词作条件状语。故选C项。 42. People are talking about the new play ________ in two weeks. A. to be put on B. to putting on C. being put on D. put on 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：人们在讨论两个星期以后要上演的新电影。分析句子结构，空白处表示的是一个发生在未的动作，使用动词不定式，因与其逻辑主语the new play之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，使用动词不定式的被动式，故选A项。 43. Effective learning ______ play an important role in improving the academic record and individual ability. A. funds B. species C. certificates D. strategies 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有效的学习策略对提高学习成绩和个人能力起着重要作用。A. funds资金；B. species物种；C. certificates证书；D. strategies策略。根据后文“in improving the academic record and individual ability”可知，此处指有效的学习策略。故选D项。 44. Bringing up a great child alone should give you a sense of________. A. arrangement B. treatment C. embarrassment D. achievement 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：独自抚养一个伟大的孩子应该会给你一种成就感。A. arrangement安排；B. treatment治疗；C. embarrassment尴尬；D. achievement成就感。根据句意可知，此处表示完成一件事之后的“成就感”。故选D。 45. The sick woman ____in bed ____to the doctor that she had already taken the pill ____ on the table by the nurse a moment ago . A. laying; lay; lay B. lying; lie; lie C. lying; lied; laid D. lay; lying; lay 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词以及时态。句意：躺在床上的病人对医生撒谎说她已经吃了护士刚才放在桌上的药丸。本题第一空动词lie与名词the sick man之间构成主动关系，所以使用现在分词短语lying in bed做定语修饰the sick man；第二空是句子谓语动词，根据时间状语a moment ago可知，句子为一般过去时，所以谓语动词用过去式lied“撒谎”。第三空动词lay“放置”与名词the pill构成被动关系，所以使用过去分词短语laid on the table做the pill的定语。故选C。 46. Parents ______ much importance to education. They will do their best to give their children that priceless gift. A. contribute B. pay C. obtain D. attach 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：父母很重视教育。他们将尽最大努力给孩子们那份无价的礼物。A. contribute贡献；B. pay支付；C. obtain获得；D. attach重视。固定短语attach importance to sth.意为“重视……”，此处指的是重视教育。故选D。 47. It’s difficult to balance the demands of my job and the ______ to be a good father. A. theory B. foundation C. desire D. confirmation 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很难在工作的要求和做一个好父亲的愿望之间取得平衡。A. theory理论；B. foundation基础；C. desire渴望；愿望；D. confirmation确认。根据“to be a good father”可知，这里指“做一个好父亲的愿望”。故选C。 48. Winton decided to help transport children to safety in Britain. He established an office to keep records of the children, and then returned to Britain to find ______ homes for them. A. temporary B. military C. extraordinary D. effective 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：温顿决定帮助把孩子们送到英国的安全地带。他建立了一个办公室来保存这些孩子的记录，然后回到英国为他们寻找临时住所。A. temporary暂时的；B. military军事的；C. extraordinary非凡的；D. effective有效的。根据上文“He established an office to keep records of the children, and then returned to Britain to find”推测是寻找孩子们的临时住所。故选A。 49. Water is becoming an increasingly ______ resource for many factors. If all the countries fail to work together to save it and protect it, the last drop of water on the earth is our tears. A. precious B. previous C. further D. available 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于许多因素，水正成为一种越来越宝贵的资源。如果所有国家不能共同努力拯救和保护它，地球上的最后一滴水就是我们的眼泪。A. precious宝贵的；B. previous先前的；C. further更多的；D. available可用的。根据“If all the countries fail to work together to save it and protect it, the last drop of water on the earth is our tears.”可知，句中强调的是水的宝贵，用形容词precious作定语。故选A项。 50. After careful research and investigation, the bike company plans to ______ its operations into Europe. A. extend B. intend C. pretend D. conduct 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过仔细的研究和调查，这家自行车公司计划将其业务扩展到欧洲。A. extend扩大；B. intend打算；C. pretend假装；D. conduct实施。根据前句“经过仔细的研究和调查”以及空格后的“业务”可知，此处指的是将业务扩大到欧洲。故选A。 第三节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 单句填空 51. It’s not your fault, and you could________(forgive) for missing the train. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】be forgiven 【解析】 【详解】考查语态。句意：这不是你的错，你错过了火车是可以原谅的。could后接动词原形，主语you与forgive为被动关系。故填be forgiven。 52. Rumors are not always nasty (恶意的), but they can be especially ______ (annoy) when they are something against you. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】annoying 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：谣言并不总是恶意的，但当它们对你不利时，它们会特别烦人。空格处位于be动词之后，因此需要填入形容词作表语，主语they指的是谣言，指的是事物，所以用v-ing形式的形容词，所以用annoying“令人恼火的，令人生气的”。故填annoying。 53. Some schools will have to make several ______ (adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】adjustments 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：一些学校将不得不根据国家足球改革做出一些调整。提示词作宾语，用可数名词adjustment，意为“调整”，有形容词several修饰，用复数形式。故填adjustments。 54. 5G technology will make a great _____(contribute) to the development of China’s communication industry. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】contribution　 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：5G技术将为中国通信产业的发展作出巨大贡献。空格前有形容词great修饰，空处应用名词作宾语，contribution贡献，可数名词，make a great contribution to...意为“为……作出巨大贡献”。故填contribution。 55. To work out the problem of water _________(short), we have to put all our efforts together. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】shortage 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：要解决水资源短缺的问题，我们必须齐心协力。此处作介词of的宾语，应用名词shortage。故填shortage。 56. No matter when and where the masses are in trouble,the Chinese soldiers always come to their________ (assist) immediately. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】assistance 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：无论人民群众何时何地遇到困难，中国军人总是第一时间伸出援助之手。此处为短语come to one's assistance表示“伸出援助之手”，名词作宾语。故填assistance。 57. To our_______________(relieve), he recovered his health and went back to work. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】relief 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：使我们感到宽慰的是，他恢复了健康，又回去工作了。此处位于形容词性物主代词之后，因此需要填入名词，relieve的名词为relief；to one’s relief为固定短语，表示“令某人宽慰的是……”。故填relief。 58. If you don’t want to lose your friends, you must practise honesty, ________ ( generous) and understanding. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】generosity 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：如果你不想失去你的朋友，你必须做到诚实、慷慨和理解。此处与honesty和understanding作practise的并列宾语，应用名词形式。故填generosity。 59. He ______ (shoot) in the leg during an armed robbery. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was shot 【解析】 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：他在一次持械抢劫中腿部中弹。shoot(射伤)是句中谓语动词，与主语He之间是被动关系，根据时间状语during an armed robbery可知，讲述过去的事情，应使用一般过去时态，又因主语是第三人称单数代词，所以谓语动词也应使用单数形式。故填was shot。 60. While the ______ (origin) purpose of the World Post Day was to promote the postal service worldwide, now its significance is more about postal culture. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】original 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：虽然世界邮政日最初的目的是促进全球邮政服务，但现在它的意义更多地是关于邮政文化。修饰名词purpose，应该用形容词original作定语。故填original。 第四节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 “The Chinese language ____61____ (become) popular among Lebanese students in the past five years,” says Antoine Hokayem, a professor and local director of the Confucius Institute at the University of Saint Joseph (USJ),Connecticut in the US. “In the past, Lebanese students used to register for the Chinese language as ____62____ elective course. Today, we receive students from the USJ and other universities who learn the language to either work in China ____63____ continue their education in the East Asian countries,” Hokayem said on the occasion of the 15th anniversary of the establishment of the institute. Engineering and telecommunication students are among the people who are most interested in the language as they aim ____64____ (continue) their higher education in China. Other students attend the institute’s courses with the ____65____ (intend) of providing help for their parents who are engaged ____66____ trade activities with Chinese partners. “We have small children who learn the language and speak ____67____ (fluent) with their Chinese teachers. More than half of our students now come from outside our university.” ____68____ (found) in 2006 through a partnership between China’s Shenyang Normal University and the USJ, the Confucius Institute at USJ was selected as one of the ____69____ (good) Confucius Institutes in the world for its cultural and social activities. In recent years, the institute has held lectures ____70____ cover topics including China’s economy and cultural values as well as Peking Opera and The Belt and Road Initiative. 【答案】61. has become 62. an 63. or 64. to continue 65. intention 66 in 67. fluently 68. Founded 69. best 70. which##that 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了汉语在黎巴嫩学生中越来越受欢迎的现象。 【61题详解】 考查动词的时态。句意：美国康涅狄格州圣约瑟夫大学(USJ)孔子学院院长、教授安托万•霍卡耶姆(Antoine Hokayem)表示:“在过去5年里，汉语在黎巴嫩学生中越来越受欢迎。”根据下文的“in the past five years(在过去的五年里)”可知，本句的时态应用现在完成时，又因为主语The Chinese language是单数，所以助动词用has。故填has become。 【62题详解】 考查冠词。句意：过去，黎巴嫩学生通常将汉语作为选修课进行注册。根据下文的course可知，此处用不定冠词泛指“一门”课程，又因为elective以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。 【63题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：今天，我们接收来自圣约瑟夫大学和其他大学的学习汉语的学生，他们要么在中国工作，要么在东亚国家继续他们的教育。根据上文的either可知，此处用连词or构成固定短语either…or…表示“要么……要么……”故填or。 【64题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：工程和电信专业的学生对汉语最感兴趣，因为他们打算在中国继续接受高等教育。根据空格前的aim可知，此处用动词不定式构成短语aim to do sth表示“打算做某事”。故填to continue。 【65题详解】 考查名词。句意：其他学生参加该学院的课程，目的是为与中国合作伙伴从事贸易活动的父母提供帮助。根据空格前的the可知，此处用提示词的名词形式intention，作with的宾语，表示“伴随着……的目的”。故填intention。 【66题详解】 考查介词。句意：同上。根据空格前的are engaged可知，此处用介词in，构成固定短语be engaged in，表示“从事”贸易活动。故填in。 【67题详解】 考查副词。句意：我们有学习汉语的小孩子，他们能和中国老师流利地交谈。此处用提示词的副词形式fluently，作状语修饰动词speak，表示“流利地”交谈。故填fluently。 【68题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：圣约瑟夫大学孔子学院于2006年由中国沈阳师范大学和圣约瑟夫大学大学合作成立，因其文化和社会活动而被评为世界上最好的孔子学院之一。空处用非谓语动词作状语，found与主句的主语the Confucius Institute之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Founded。 【69题详解】 考查形容词的最高级。句意：同上。根据空格前的one of the和下文的in the world可知，此处用提示词的最高级形式best表示“最好的”学院之一。故填best。 【70题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：近年来，该学院举办的讲座涵盖了中国经济、文化价值观、京剧和“一带一路”倡议等主题。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是lectures，指物，且从句中缺少主语，所以用关系代行词which或that来引导。故填which／that。 第四部分 写作（满分15分） 71. 假定你是李华，你校留学生协会正在筹备中外学生篮球联谊赛，现需要一名精通双语且具有一定篮球知识的裁判。请你给负责人写一封邮件申请做裁判，内容包括： 1. 写信目的：2. 个人优势；3. 能做的事。 注意： 1. 词数100左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：篮球联谊赛basketball friendship match；双语裁判员bilingual referee Dear Sir or Madam, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Sir or Madam, Hearing that you are looking for a bilingual referee of this basketball friendship match, I am writing to apply for the position. I think I am qualified for this position for the following reasons. Firstly, I have been a volunteer in our school sports meetings and am very familiar with the responsibilities of a sports referee. Besides, I am good at English and Chinese and have mastered a lot of English rules and regulations about basketball. Lastly, I can solve the conflicts between the two sides well. I will ensure that the match is fair. I am looking forward to hearing from you soon. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。你校留学生协会正在筹备中外学生篮球联谊赛，现需要一名精通双语且具有一定篮球知识的裁判。要求考生给负责人写一封邮件申请做裁判。 【详解】1.词汇积累 首先：firstly→ first of all 此外：besides → what’s more 擅长：be good at→ do well in 确保： ensure→ make sure 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Firstly, I have been a volunteer in our school sports meetings and am very familiar with the responsibilities of a sports referee. 拓展句：Firstly, I have been a volunteer in our school sports meetings, which makes me very familiar with the responsibilities of a sports referee. 【点睛】【高分句型1】 Hearing that you are looking for a bilingual referee of this basketball friendship match, I am writing to apply for the position.（运用了现在分词Hearing作原因状语以及that引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】I will ensure that the match is fair.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$