北京市北京师范大学第二附属中学2023-2024学年高二下学期第二次月考英语试卷

北京师大二附中2023—2024学年高二年级第二学期 英语阶段性测试 说明： 本试卷共7页，100分。考试时长60分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。 一、词汇（共20小题；每小题0.5分，满分10分） 词义匹配 A.坚持认为 B. 使混乱 C.（时间）流逝 D. 领先 1. progress ________________ 2. disrupt ________________ 3. lead ________________ 4. maintain ________________ 词义匹配 A. 惊呆的 B. 清淡的 C. 最初的 D. 惊人的 5. light________________ 6. striking________________ 7. initial________________ 8. stunned________________ 词义匹配 A.措施 B. 纪念物 C. 动机 D. 描述 9. measure________________ 10. motive________________ 11. memorial________________ 12. account________________ 词义匹配 A.注意 B. 庆祝 C. 使……忙于 D. 不赞成 13 mark________________ 14. mind________________ 15. object________________ 16. occupy________________ 词义匹配 A. 折中 B. 原作 C. 空缺 D. 模范 17. opening ________________ 18. original ________________ 19. pattern ________________ 20. compromise ________________ 二、完型填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Father’s Example At the age of 16; my father sat beneath the street tight to study until exhaustion kicked in. Sometimes, if he was lucky, the school guard would let him slip into the empty corridors to ____21____ the cold. Other nights, the guard shooed him away. The ____22____ of electricity. in the home he shared with six family members was one of the easier roadblocks to overcome on his path to becoming a doctor. Despite poor conditions, supporting the whole family after Grandpa’s death, and the 60% illiteracy (文盲) rate of his country, Pakistan, my father defeated the odds to establish his own clinic. However, he decided to leave this comfortable lifestyle and move to America to ____23____ limitless opportunities for his family. Because of his ____24____, I strive to take advantage of every opportunity. I transferred from my familiar suburban middle school, where I stood out, to the ____25____ International Baccalaureate (IB) Diploma Program. Although I also made sacrifices, like my father, by switching schools, I have no regrets. At my current high school, I have endless opportunities to excel and interact with students from many backgrounds. Leaving my friends and the ____26____ of living five minutes from school was a small price to pay after I put my life into perspective. Changing schools gave me the ____27____ to pursue rigorous (严格) courses. My academic future challenges and pushes me. For the rest of high school, I hope to keep my grades consistent, excel on standardized tests, and participate in summer programs. I understand that grades do not define a person, but I am motivated to study, like my father, until I reach success. I firmly believe that to develop our society we must first assist the less ____28____. I hope to choose a career that lets me do this. My motivation to become a doctor results from my desire to ease the pain of others. Also, I realize that education is the groundwork of my future and that I must ____29____ a solid foundation in it to achieve my goals. Unlike my father’s sisters, who married young and never graduated from high school, I enjoy my life in America with infinite possibilities and I must work to benefit from all of them. My father worked his entire life to secure my future. I ____30____ it to him, and to myself, to make something of my education. 21. A. keep B. escape C. defend D. fight 22. A. lack B. danger C. delivery D. power 23. A. check B. appreciate C. predict D. seek 24. A. sacrifice B. talent C. instruction D. preparation 25. A. enjoyable B. admirable C. developing D. challenging 26. A. relief B. honor C. result D. comfort 27. A. drive B. award C. duty D. turn 28. A. energetic B. friendly C. ambitious D. fortunate 29. A. build B. follow C. shake D. give 30. A. offer B. owe C. give D. send 三、阅读理解（共两节；满分 26分） 第一节（共8小题；每小题2分，满分16分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 A It's generally believed that people act the way they do because of their personalities and attitudes .They recycle their garbage because the care about the environment .They pay $5 for a caramel brulée latte because they like expensive coffee drinks. It's undeniable that behavior comes from our inner dispositions (性情), but in many instances we also draw inferences about who we are, as suggested by the social psychologist Daryl Bem , by observing our own behavior .We can be strangers to ourselves .If we knew our own minds, why would we need to guess what our preferences are from our behavior? If our minds were an open book, we would know exactly how much we care about the environment or like lattes .Actually , we often need to look to our behavior to figure out who we are. Moreover, we don't just use our behavior to learn about our particular types of character—we infer characters that weren't there before .Our behavior is often shaped by little pressures around us, which we fail to recognize .Maybe we recycle because our wives and neighbors would disapprove if we didn't .Maybe we buy lattes in order to impress the people around us .We should not mistakenly believe that we always behave as a result of some inner disposition. Whatever pressures there can be or inferences one can make, people become what they do, though it may not be in compliance (符合) with their true desires .Therefore , we should all bear in mind Kurt Vonnegut's advice: “We are what we pretend to be, so we must be careful about what we pretend to be.” 31. According to the passage, personalities and attitudes are commonly believed to___. A. determine one's behavior B. reflect one's taste C. influence one's surroundings D. result from one's habits 32. Which of the following would Daryl Bem most probably agree with?__ A. The return of a wallet can indicate one's honesty. B. A kind person will offer his seat to the old. C. One recycles plastics to protect the environment. D. One buys latte out of true love of coffee. 33. What can be inferred from the underlined sentence in the passage?___ A. We fail to realize our inner dispositions. B. We can be influenced by outside pressures. C. Our behavior is the result of our true desires. D. Our characters can shape our social relationships. 34. What does the author mainly discuss in the passage?___ A. Personalities and attitudes. B. Preferences and habits. C. Behavior and personalities. D. Attitudes and preferences. B “Assume you are wrong.” The advice came from Brian Nosek, a psychology professor, who was offering a strategy for pursuing better science. To understand the context for Nosek’s advice, we need to take a step back to the nature of science itself. You see despite what many of us learned in elementary school, there is no single scientific method. Just as scientific theories become elaborated and change, so do scientific methods. But methodological reform hasn’t come without some fretting and friction. Nasty things have been said by and about methodological reformers. Few people like having the value of their life’s work called into question. On the other side, few people are good at voicing criticisms in kind and constructive ways. So, part of the challenge is figuring out how to bake critical self-reflection into the culture of science itself, so it unfolds as a welcome and integrated part of the process, and not an embarrassing sideshow. What Nosek recommended was a strategy for changing the way we offer and respond to critique. Assuming you are right might be a motivating force, sustaining the enormous effort that conducting scientific work requires. But it also makes it easy to interpret criticisms as personal attacks. Beginning, instead, from the assumption you are wrong, a criticism is easier to interpret as a constructive suggestion for how to be less wrong — a goal that your critic presumably shares. One worry about this approach is that it could be demoralizing for scientists. Striving to be less wrong might be a less effective motivation than the promise of being right. Another concern is that a strategy that works well within science could backfire when it comes to communicating science with the public. Without an appreciation for how science works, it’s easy to take uncertainty or disagreements as marks against science, when in fact they reflect some of the very features of science that make it our best approach to reaching reliable conclusions about the world. Science is reliable because it responds to evidence: as the quantity and quality of our evidence improves, our theories can and should change, too. Despite these worries, I like Nosek’s suggestion because it builds in cognitive humility along with a sense that we can do better. It also builds in a sense of community — we’re all in the same boat when it comes to falling short of getting things right. Unfortunately, this still leaves us with an untested hypothesis (假说): that assuming one is wrong can change community norms for the better, and ultimately support better science and even, perhaps, better decisions in life. I don’t know if that’s true. In fact, I should probably assume that it’s wrong. But with the benefit of the scientific community and our best methodological tools, I hope we can get it less wrong, together. 35. What can we learn from Paragraph 3? A. Reformers tend to devalue researchers’ work. B. Scientists are unwilling to express kind criticisms. C. People hold wrong assumptions about the culture of science. D. The scientific community should practice critical self-reflection. 36. The strategy of “assuming you are wrong” may contribute to ______. A. the enormous efforts of scientists at work B. the reliability of potential research results C. the public’s passion for scientific findings D. the improvement in the quality of evidence 37. The underlined word “demoralizing” in Paragraph 5 means ______. A. discouraging B. ineffective C. unfair D. misleading 38. The tone the author uses in talking about the untested hypothesis is ______. A. doubtful but sincere B. disapproving but soft C. authoritative and direct D. reflective and humorous 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多于选项。 People worldwide are living longer. Today, most people can expect to live into their sixties and beyond. By 2050, the world’s population aged 60 and older is expected to total 2 billion, up from 900 million in 2015. While this shift in proportion (比例) of a country’s population towards older ages---known as ageing---started in high-income countries, for example in Japan, 30% of the population are already over 60 years old, it is now low- and middle-income countries that are experiencing the greatest change. ___39___At the biological level, ageing results from molecular (分子的) and cellular damage over time. This leads to a growing risk of disease and eventually death. ___40___ That’s why we say there is no “typical” older person. While some 70 year-olds enjoy extremely good health, other 70 year-olds are weak and require a lot of help from others. ___41___ Retirement, relocation and the death of friends and partners are some of the possible reasons. For example, moving older people to a better house, which seems an admirable behavior, may do harm to their health eventually. ___42___ Some people believe older people can be active and productive. A longer life brings opportunities, both for older people themselves and for society. They can pursue new activities such as further education or a new career. They also contribute in many ways to communities. ___43___ This can lead to discrimination against older people. Therefore, society as a whole needs to address the ageist attitude by developing sound policies and offering various opportunities so that older people can experience fulfilling ageing. A. Nobody can ever escape from the ageing process. B. But these changes are only loosely linked to a person’s age. C. Yet the extent of their contribution depends heavily on their health. D. Beyond biological changes, ageing is also related to other life changes. E. Although ageing is a universal trend, views towards older people divide. F. However, to others, older people are weak, dependent, and a burden to society. G. By 2050, many countries like Chile and China will have a similar rate of older people to Japan. 四、选词填空（共7小题；每小题2分，满分14分） 用方框中词或词组的适当形式完成下列句子，每个词或词组只能用一次（有一个多余的选项）。 refer to; impress; reveal; adopt; disturb; consist of; burst into; involve in 44. Their diet usually ______________ vegetables and bread. 45. Over ten vehicles ______________ the crash that happened this morning. 46. The term “Arts” usually ______________ humanities and social sciences. 47. His trip to India made a strong ______________ on him. 48. Details of the murder ______________ by the local paper last week. 49. She was a wonderful mother to both her natural and ______________ children. 50. I’m sorry to ______________ you, but can I talk to you for a moment? 五、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） A 语法填空 I was born with a pronounced facial problem. Because of that, I have undergone many cruel comments. One day, while ____51____ (shop), I was approached by a woman I didn’t know. Standing still, I was ready for a rude remark. But the lady smiled and said, “This gift card is for you, beautiful girl, so you can buy something special for____52____ (you). ” I am so thankful to that woman for reminding me beauty____53____ (come) in all forms. B 语法填空 China has a large number of global cultural heritage(遗产) sites ____54____ (recognize) by UNESCO. Over the past decades, great efforts____55____ (make) by the country to preserve them. These cultural heritage sites enrich our daily lives in countless ways, ____56____we experience them directly or through the medium of a connected device. We believe that China____57____ (apply) modern technologies to the restoration and preservation of more cultural heritage sites in the years to come. C 语法填空 Psychological processes and mental wellbeing are vital to consistently high degrees of sporting performance for athletes at all levels. Sports psychology is the study of ____58____ psychological factors influence athletic performance. Although it is a ____59____ (relative) new discipline, sports psychology is now widely accepted as offering an important advantage ____60____opponents. To provide athletes with the mental support they need, a sports psychologist needs to consider their feelings, behavior and lives beyond. 六、书面表达（满分20分） 61. 假定你是红星中学学生会主席李华，英国一学生访问团将来你校进行文化参观交流。请你写封邮件表示欢迎，并将参观安排告知该访问团负责人Mr Smith。内容包括： 1.具体活动安排； 2.征询对方意见 注意：1.词数100左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Mr. Smith, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Sincerely, Li Hua 北京师大二附中2023—2024学年高二年级第二学期 英语阶段性测试 说明： 本试卷共7页，100分。考试时长60分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。 一、词汇（共20小题；每小题0.5分，满分10分） 【1~4题答案】 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 4. A 【5~8题答案】 【答案】5. B 6. D 7. C 8. A 【9~12题答案】 【答案】9. A 10. C 11. B 12. D 【13~16题答案】 【答案】13. B 14. A 15. D 16. C 【17~20题答案】 【答案】17. C 18. B 19. D 20. A 二、完型填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 【21~30题答案】 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. D 26. D 27. A 28. D 29. A 30. B 三、阅读理解（共两节；满分 26分） 第一节（共8小题；每小题2分，满分16分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 A 【31~34题答案】 【答案】31. A 32. A 33. B 34. C B 【35~38题答案】 【答案】35 D 36. B 37. A 38. D 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多于选项。 【39~43题答案】 【答案】39. G 40. B 41. D 42. E 43. F 四、选词填空（共7小题；每小题2分，满分14分） 【44~50题答案】 【答案】44. consists of 45. were involved in 46. refers to 47. impression 48. were revealed 49. adopted 50. disturb 五、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） A 【51~53题答案】 【答案】51. shopping 52. yourself 53. comes B 【54~57题答案】 【答案】54. recognized 55. have been made 56. whether 57. will apply C 【58~60题答案】 【答案】58. how 59. relatively 60. over 六、书面表达（满分20分） 【61题答案】 【答案】Dear Mr. Smith, We are more than pleased to learn that you are coming to our school. Please allow me to tell you what we have arranged for your visit. In the morning, we will introduce Chinese painting art to you and invite you to experience the traditional art form. At noon, there will be a face to face talk between students, which is a good chance for us to learn more about each other. At night, our school’s drama club will perform a shadow play. By watching it, you are sure to have a deeper understanding of traditional Chinese culture. We are eager to know if our arrangements will satisfy you. Looking forward to your reply soon. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$