北京市北京师范大学第二附属中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期中英语试题

2025届高二英语期中考试 1 北师大二附中2023一2024学年高二年级第二学期 英语期中测试题 班级： 姓名： 学号： 2024.4 说明： 本试卷共10页，115分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上 作答无效。 一、词汇（共20小题；每小题0.5分，满分10分） 1.confine 2.resist 3.feature 4.explore A.抵抗 B.禁闭 C.探讨 D.担任主演 5.nutritional 6.identical 7.dramatic 8.vertical A.垂直的 B.完全相同的 C.营养的 D.巨大的 9.distant 10.fatal 11.artificial 12.exceptional A.致命的 B.人工的 C.杰出的 D.冷淡的 13.gravity 14.edge 15.diploma 16.interval A.毕业证书 B.间隔 C.优势 D.重力 17.form 18.ground 19.variation 20.trial A.试验 B.格式 C.理由 D.差异 二、完型填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项， 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Good Custodian I know a woman who tries hard to be a good custodian.I pass her every day after school as she pushes her cart down my hallway.Of course,she is my building's cleaner. One Tuesday morning I came into school and saw a 21 on my desk from my custodian. custodian It seemed that some unbearable first year students had damaged the bathroom in a particularly disgusting way and she had been charged to clean it.This took22than she had expected.She had left the typewritten note on my desk to23 for not being able to clean my room as she was 24 to do. At the beginning of the period,I shared her note with my first period class.When I mentioned that our custodian had apologized to us,their first 25 was to volunteer to seek out and beat up those first year students for making our custodian have to clean up their mess.It turned out that just about all of my students also knew our custodian by name-all of them responded with 2025届高二英语期中考试 2 smiles and talked for a long time about this time or that time when she'd 26 each of them in the hallway.That she felt she needed to apologize earned a strong reaction from many of the kids. As the class perioa was about to end,d asked them to check the floor like I do every period and thanked them for picking up any garbage even if it wasn't theirs.My entire class disappeared; they each disappeared instantly_27 their desks to pick up those annoying tiny pieces ot paper that fall so easily from notebooks.One girl made a comment that I later used with my other ciasses: "Her job might be to clean the room,but she shouldn't have to clean up atter us.,There's a difference." I believe that people know the difference between right and wrong.I believe that people appreciate it when others 28 take care of them.And I believe that people,even adolescents who are not quite yet mature,appreciate it when they see sameone who takes 29 in her work.Sometimes we need a30 of the things we take for granted...things like a good custodian to take care of us. 21.A.paper B.handbook C.note D.letter 22.A.shorter B.longer C.more D.less 23.A.apologize B.regret C.appeal D.complain z4.A.recommended B.believed C.approved D.scheduled 25.A.answer B.reaction C.decision D.behavior 26 A.visited B.called C.praised D.greeted 27.A.above B.under C.beyond D.across 28.A.freely B.gently C.hopefully D.sincerely 29.A.advantage B.pride C.action D.chance 30 A.keeper B.caretaker C.reminder D.observer 三、阅读理解（共两节；满分38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，满分28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上 将该项涂黑。 A Bike Rental Guided Tours Welcome to Amsterdam,welcome to MacBike.You see much more from the seat of a bike! Cycling is the most economical,sustainable and fun way to explore the city,with its beautiful canals. parks,squares and countless lights.You can also bike along lovely tandscapes outside of Amsterdam. Why MacBike MacBike has been around for almost 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental eompany in Amsterdam.With over 2,500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations,we make sure there is always a bike available for you.We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety,including basic bikes with foet brake刹车)，bikes with hand brake and gears(排挡)，bikes with child seats,, 2025届高二英语期中考试 3 and children's bikes. Prices Hand Brake,Three Gears Foot Brake,No Gears 1hour €7.50 €5.00 3 hours €11.00 €7.50 1 day (24 hours) €14.75 €9.75 Each additional day €8.00 €6.00 Guided City Tours The 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill,the Skinny Bridge,the Rijksmuseum,Heineken Brewerv and much more.The tour departs from Dam Squrare exery hour on the hour,starting at 1:00 pm every day.fou can buy your ticket in a MacBike sop or pook online. 31.What is an advantage of MacBike? A.It gives children a discount. B.It offers many types of bikes. C.It organizes free cycle tours. D.It has over 2,500 rental shops: 32.How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears for two days? A.€15.75. B.€19.50. C.€22.75. D.29.50. 33.Where does the guided city tour start? A.The Gooyer,Windmill. B.The Skinny Bridge. C.Heineken Brewery. D.Dam Square. The memory of one particutar summer evenig is stiHl burned in my brain as if it were yesterday. There was nothing but wide-open fields for miles and miles around our rural Minnesota home.Ne never saw strangers not ever and here on this hot evening was a real live one walking up our driveway. A voung man,a slightly-built hitchhiker(搭便车的人)approached our door..He knew there was a storm coming,and he desperately needed shelter.Not wanting to intrude on our home and family,he asked my dad if he could sleep in our basement for the night for protectian from the rain. Instead of saying yes,my dad loaded us all up in the 1959 Chevrolet:five kids,my mum,and the man. Our family consisted of three older children whose father bad died young and three more children from the umion or my mother and father.Our older brother Jerry was in the Navy,on a ship somewhere overseas.Our mum and dad worried about him. We drove him 10 miles to the next town,where Dad bought the man-a room for the night along with a hot evening meal.In the car after we dropped off the stranger,I heard my dad say to my mum,"I just hope that i Jerry ever needs anything,this kindness will be returned to him." 2025届高二英语期中考试 Weeks later,Dad told my uncle about the young man.My uncle suggested that perhaps my dad shouldn't have taken the risk of having astranger in our car.My dad replied,"You are absolutely right.I should have invited him into oar home." 34.What does the underlined phrase "intrude on"in paragraph 2 mean? A.Disturb. B.Scare. C.Embarrass. D.Upset. 35.How did the author's father help the stranger? A.By providing a bed for him in the basement. B.By letting him stay for the night in the car. C.By taking him to a hotel in another town. D.By cooking a hot evening meal for him. 36.What do we know about the authors tamiy? A.The family had five children in total. B.Jerry was serving in the army in the USA. C.They had no spare room for the hitchhiker. D.Dad wished his elder son to be treated kindly. c If a diver surfaces too quickly,he may suffer the bends. fehthyosaur角e Nitrogen(氮)dissolved(溶解)in his blood is suddenly liberated by the reduction of pressure.The consequence,if the bubbles (accumulate in a joint,is sharp pain and a bent bodv-thus the name.If the bubbles rorm in his lungs or his brain,the consequence can beraeath. Bend me,shape me... Other air-breathing animals-atso sufter this decompression (sickness if they surface too fast: whales,for example.And so,long ago,did ichthyosaurs.That these ancient sea animals got the bends can be seen from their bones.bubbles of nitrogen form inside the bone they can cut off its blood supply.This kills the celis in the bone,and consequently weakens it,sometimes to the potnt of collapse.Fessil benes that have caved in on themselves are thus a sign that the animal once had the bends. Bruce Rothschild of the University or Kanses knew all this when he began a study of ichthyosaur bones to find out how widespread the problem was in the past.What he particularly wanted to investigate was how ichthyosaurs adapted to the problem of decompression over the 150 million years.To this end,he and his colleagues traveled the world's natural-history museums, looking at hundreds of ichthyosaurs from the Triassic period and from the later Jurassic and Cretaceous periods. When he started,he assumed that signs of the bends would be rarer in vounger fossils, -ftine their eraqual evolution of measures to deal with decompression.Instead,he was 2025届高二英语期中考试 5 astonished to discover the opposite.More than 15%of Jurassic and Cretaceous ichtnyosaurs had suffered the bends before they died,but not a single Triassic specimen()showed evidence of that sort of injury If ichthyosaurs did evolve an anti-decompression means,they clearly did so quicklv-and, most strangely,they lost it afterwaras.But that is not what Dr.Rothschild thinks happened.He suspects it was evolution in other animals that caused the change. Whales that suffer the bends often ao so because they have surfaced to escape a predator (捕食动物)such as a large shark.One of the features of Jurassic oceans was an abundance of large sharks and zrocodiles,both of which were fond of ichthyosaur lunches.Triassic oceans,by eontrast, were mercifully shark-and crocedite-free.In the Triassic,then,ichthyosaurs were top of the food chain.In the Jurassic and Cretaceous,they were prey as well as predator-and often had to make a speedy exit as a result. 37.Which of the following is a typical symptom of the bends? A.A twisted body. B.A drop in blood pressure. C.A gradual decrease in blood supply. D.A sudden release of nitrogen in blood. 38.The purpose of Rothschild's study is to see A.why ichthyosaurs bent their bodies B.when ichthyosaurs broke their bones C.how often ichthyosaurs caught the bends D.how ichthyosaurs adapted to decompression 39.Rothschild's finding stated in Paragraph 4 A.confirmed his assumption B.disagreed with his assumption C.changed his research objectives D.speeded up his research process. 40.Rothschild might have concluded that ichthyosaurs A.failed to evolve an anti-decompression means B.died out because of large sharks and crocodiles C.gradually developed measures against the bends D.evolved an anti-decompression means but soon lost it D An 8-year-old boy I know is small for his age,shorter and stighter than his friends,even smaller than his 5-year-old sister.Concerned about the increasing use and possible risks of growth hormone(生长激素)，I asked his mother if she'd considered treating him with it.She replied,“Not really.He's built like his father,who was short and slight as a boy and didn't shoot up until college." 2025届高二英语期中考试 6 His father,at 41,is now 6 feet tall,though still very slender.He recalls being a reasonably athletic child but without the physical power of his friends,making up for what he lacked in mass with speed and agility."I enjoyed cempetitive.sports and worked on skills others didn't have,he told me,and said he encourages his son to recognize and eapitalize on the skills he has. If only every parent with a short but healthy child appreached the matter as sensibly.Experts estimate that 60%to 80%of children who are short for their age do not have a growth hormone deficiency (or other medical condition that limits growth.But knowing there s a therapy available to increase height,some parents seek a medical solution for a perceived problem,even when there is no medical abnormality.They shoutd also know,however,that new research has linked growth hormone treatment to serious umfavorable health effects "vears later. Dr.Adda Grimberg.a doctor at Children s Hospital of Philadelphia,recalled that"Twenty years ago,familes were rocusea en health.They came in with a child who was not growing right ana wanted to know if there was an underlving disease.Now,more and more,they're focused on height.They want growth hormone,looking for a specific height.But this is not like online shopping; you can't just place an order ana make a child the height you want." In 2003,the Food and Drug Administration approved use of recombinant human growth hormone for the condition known as "idiopathic short stature",or short build of unknown cause, which is not a disease.But it has caused a growing number of parents to consider using the hormone to boost the height of their children. The resulting rusn to therapy reflects eopcerns about a widespread societal bias (against shortness,rather than a true medical need.Experts have motea that the practice backs up tne belief that short stature is unacceptable,leading to an increasing demand for theranv It is far better,Dr.Grimberg suggested,to help a short child develop coping skills than to buy inches through medicine. 41.As for the parents'attitude to their 8-year-old boy's shortness,the author is. A.critical B.tolerant C.supportive D.worried 42.How do many parents today react to their children's shortness? A.They are eager to get the expected result. B.They spare no effort to sort out the cause. C.They feel disturbed by their children's health. D.They help develop their children's coping skills. 42.What ean we learA abeut the growth hormone treatment? A.It might be officially recommended. B.It may fuel height discrimination. C.It is targeted at certain diseases. D.It is pushed by a medical need. 44.Which would be the best title for this passage? A.Shower the Short with Growth Hormones B.Find Replacement for Growth Hormones C.Assess the Effects of Growth Hormones D.Weigh the Use of Growth Hormones 2025届高二英语期中考试 第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将 该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Giant Panda Is No Longer Endangered A leading international group has taken the giant panda off its endangered list thanks to decades of conservation efforts,but China's government is unwilling to accept the change,saying it did not view the status of the country's beloved symbol as any less serious. The International Union for Conservation of Nature(IUCN)said in a report that the panda is now classified as a "vulnerable"instead of "endangered"species,reflecting its grewing numbers in the wild in southern China.45That is the result of work by Chinese agencies to carry out hunting bans and expand forest resenves. In a statement,China's State Forestry Administration said that it doubted the classification change because pandas'natural habitats have been mainly separated by human causes.The animals live in small,isolated groups of as few as 10 pandas that struggle to reproduce and face the risk of disappearing altogethen If we relax our conservatien work,the populations and habitats of giant pandas would still suffer a great loss.46 Theretore,we're not being alarmist 言耸听的)by continuing to emphasize the panda species endangered status. 47 John Howard,a senior official at World Society for the Protection of Animals, expressed his satisfaction over the effective measures taken by the Chthese government.The Chinese government and the World Wildlife Fund (WWF)first established the Wolong Natioaa Nature Reserve in Sichuan province in 1980 Wild panda numbers have sinee slowly rebounded as China cracked down on the skin trade.48 Over the last few decades,international groups and the Chinese government have worked to save wild pandas and breed them in face of their extinction.is not surprising that the WWF, whose logo has been a panda since 1964,eelebrated the panda's re-classification.49 A.As a result,our achievememts would be quickly lost. B.The wild panda population jumped to 1,864 in 2014 from 1.596 in 2004. C.Still,other animal protection organizations praised the recovery of the pandas. D.Panda has long been a symbe of China and the global conservation movement. E.And China gradually expanded its protected forest areas to cover 1.4 million hectares now. F Some pandas have been sent to zoos around the world as a gesture of Chinese diplomatic goodwill G.It says that aggressive investment does pay off when science,political will and engagement come together. 2025届高二英语期中考试 四、选词填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 用方框中词或词组的适当形式完成下列句子，每个词或词组只能用一次（每组有一个多 余的选项)。 comfort;absorb;subject; track down;locate;result in 50.Chess can be an extremely game. 51.We know that taste in art is a(n) matter. 52.The college is at the foot of the mountain. 53.While exercise is beneficial for the human body,too much may injurles. 54.He is not good at socializing.He's more with computers than with people. encourage;logic;stare at;qualify;register;keep up with 55.Jane is weli for this teaching job 56.It is difficult the rapid pace of change. 57.Computer programming needs someone with a(n). mind. 58.Her and support strengthened our determination to win. 59.If you want to take a book out of the library,you need first to fill in and submit a(n) form for a library card. 五、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 根据句子意思填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空 白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 4 My name is Barbara and i work at a department store.I 60 (work)there for one year when another Barbara joined the staff.Then I changed my name tag from "Barb"to "Barbie".61 made me feel funny was how small kids talked about me."Is she really Barbie?"they asked.I changed it at my other job,too and began answering the phone,"This is Barbie.How can I help you?"The callers have gotten used to that over time,ninety percent of 62 now respond with my name: "Barbie,can you tell me..."Pronouncing that long "e"sound forces your mouth into a smile,but I have found the smile is usually returned voluntarily. B It's said that for the Englishman,his house is his castle.However,this does not mean that his house is a beautiful palace that others 63(invite)to see.For the British,the home is a place to protect oneself from the outside world.It's a private place in which he goes to hide away 64 the troubles of life.To the American,the home is an expression of 65(he). Much money is often spent on each and every room66(create)the right "feel" according to the person's lifestyle.Therefore,he is happy to show his house to others. 2025届高二英语期中考试 Smoke jumpers are firefighters,trained to fight fires in places that fire engines can't reach. They travel in small planes and,67(use)a parachute,jump into remote wild areas to fight fires.Smoke jumpers have to respond quickly.While a fire is still small,the pilot68 (drop)team members into the area as needed.Their first job may be to build a fire line to stop the fire from spreading.Water is sent down to them.Smoke jumpers must be 69(high) trained,very experienced and extremely fit.Their job is very dangerous. 六、阅读表达（共4小题；第70、71每题2分，第72题3分，第73题5分，满分12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 What makes some people incapable of apologizing even when they re clearly in the wrong? People who cannot apologize often have deep teelings of low self-worth.When their delicate ego (cannot absorb the blow of admitting they were wrong,their defense mechanisms kick in-they may place blame and even argue about basic facts to prevent the threat of having to lower themselves by offering an apology. Unfortunately,many ot us mistakenly interpret these people's defensiveness as a sign of psychological strength.That's because outwardly they appear to be tough individuals who refuse to back down.But this doesn't show that they're strong-it shows tnat they're weak. Admitting that we're wrong is emotionally uncomtortable and painful to our sense of self.In order te take responsibilitw and apologize,our self-worth needs to be strong enough to absorb that discomfort.Indeed,if our self-worth is higher and more stable,we can tolerate the temporary discomfort that such an admission involves-without the walis around our ego falling down. But if our self-worth is seemingly high but actually breakable,that discomfort can go through our defensive walls and score a direct hit to our ego.Indeed,the more fixed one's defense mechanisms are the more delicate the ego they re protecting. The mistake we often make when facea with someone who is chabitually incapable of apologizing is to become angry and try to win our argument with them.But the sad reality is that we can never win.In these situations,the best we can do is make our points as calmly and as convincingly as we can and then disengage from the argument when it becomes unproductive- like when they disagree with the facts,come up with silly excuses or turn to mean remarks. 70.Why can't some people apologize? 71.What do many people mistakenly think of a non-apologizer's defensiveness? 72.Please decide which part is false in the following statement,then underline it and explain why. When you are trying to win an argument with a non-apologizer,the best way is to express your anger and make your point as calmly and convincingly as possible. 73.In addition to what is mentioned in the passage,what else can you do if your friend refuses to apologize to you?(In about 40 words) 2025届高二英语期中考试 七、书面表达（满分15分） 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你班来自英国的交换生i对中华文化感兴趣，准备 下学期选修一门与中国文化相关的课程，来信向你征询建议，请给他写一封郦件，内容包括： 1.推荐一门选修课并说明推荐理由； 2.提出学习这门课程的建议。 注意： 1.词数100词左右： 2.邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, Yours, LiHua