精品解析：湖南省长沙市实验中学2023-2024学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题

2023-2024-2长沙实验中学高一下期末考试 英语 时量：120分钟 满分：150分 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）略 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Are you looking for movies to entertain yourself during the summer vacation? Here come some excellent ones Inside Out 2 This animated adventure explores deeper into the complexities of growing up and the evolving relationships within one’s inner self. It continues the journey into the emotional world of a young girl named Riley. Each emotional character serves as a metaphor for various aspects of Riley’s life, reflecting her struggles and achievements. Bob Marley: One Love Marley is known as a musician who brought Jamaican reggae (雷鬼乐) to the world. The movie will cover the rise of Marley to fame as well as the attempted assassination (暗杀) made on Marley, Marley’s health struggles with skin cancer and his early death. Ne Zha 2 Fantastic news for fans of Chinese myths and animations! As a sequel (续集) to the original Ne Zha, Ne Zha 2 picks up the story from the first movie. The souls of Ne Zha and Ao Bing are preserved, but their bodies are destroyed. Taiyi Zhenren rebuilds their bodies, yet the process is full of challenges. Lisa Frankenstein Lisa Frankenstein, a romantic horror-comedy movie, centers on a lonely and gloomy (忧郁的) high school student. Lisa falls in love with a dead handsome boy who lived in the Victorian era. After bringing this ideal lover back to life, the two go on a strange journey to find love and happiness. 1. Which movie will you watch if you are interested in thrillers? A. Inside Out 2. B. Ne Zha 2. C. Bob Marley: One Love. D. Lisa Frankenstein. 2. What does the movie Bob Marley: One Love cover according to the text? A. Marley’s childhood. B. Marley’s rise to fame. C. Assassination made by Marley. D. Marley’s struggle with his career. 3. What do Inside Out 2 and Ne Zha 2 have in common according to the text? A. They are animations. B. They are about Chinese myths. C. They are better than the first ones. D. Their plots have little to do with the original ones. B Ernest Owusu was 13 in 1980 when he was given the opportunity to appear in the audience of a BBC show, and ask Thatcher how she felt about being called the Iron Lady. This encounter re-emerged in a BBC’s programme recently. At the time of their meeting, Owusu was on free school meals, living on a public estate in Brixton, south London, where he and his sister were being raised by their mother Rose, a struggling hairdresser. Now 57, Owusu looks remarkably similar even with a greying beard. But his life has been transformed. The father of three is a human resources director, and the first black captain of the Addington golf club in its 110-year history. As a black guy, it is about breaking the glass ceiling. Speaking in its clubhouse, Owusu describes his rise in social status (地位) as a “Thatcherite Journey”. And he says it began by asking the woman herself. “To this day it still has an impact. My confidence changed from that sliding-door moment. Something about her connected with me.” Thatcher told Owusu she enjoyed being called the Iron Lady. “I think it’s rather a praise, don’t you?” she said, “Because so often people have said to me if you’re in your job you’ve got to be soft and warm and human, but you’ve got to have a touch of steel.” Owusu recalls the moment, “I just remember her eye contact. She was answering me, not the camera. She welcomed the question saying you’ve got to be firm in this world. And that stuck with me.” After the show was broadcast, Owusu said he became “a little hero in Brixton for a good three months”. Owusu added, “It all gave me extra confidence. Doors might not have opened so quickly. It was one of those key moments to make you do things maybe you wouldn’t otherwise have done.” 4. What do we know about Owusu when he was 13? A. He met with Thatcher twice. B. He joined a famous golf club. C. He hosted a BBC’s programme. D. He lived at the bottom of society. 5. What do the underlined words “sliding-door moment” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Turning point. B. Important decision. C. Social status. D. Remarkable achievement. 6. Based on the text, what made a big difference to Owusu? A. Others’ treating him equally at work. B. Others’ voting him a hero in Brixton. C. Thatcher’s efforts to preserve his dignity. D. Thatcher’s faith in the necessity of toughness. 7. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. The Art of Dialogue B. The Power of Confidence C. A Life-changing Meeting D. A Status-improving Tale C On a chilly autumn morning in the Italian countryside near Larderello, Tuscany, the misty landscape reminded me why the area is nicknamed the Devil’s Valley. The land here is a web of natural cracks in the rock that let a mix of steam and gases reach the surface. Unlike the rolling hills and cypress-lined roads of other parts of Tuscany, the landscape here is covered with dozens of grey cooling towers puffing white vapors. The deafening roar of a turbine (涡轮机) at the Valle Secolo geothermal (地热的) plant breaks the quietness, but its violent spinning transforms steam rising from underground into energy for 150,000 families in the region. About 30% of Tuscany’s electricity comes from this energy source. After producing electricity, the leftover steam heats water for nearby districts. This underground energy has recently proved a vital resource. Italy greatly depended on Russian fossil fuels and in 2023 Italians bore the world’s highest household electricity bills. Factories cut down production and households had to turn down their heaters. But residents of the Larderello area spent the winter in warm homes, thanks to the local geothermal plants working 24/7. Bruno Della Vedova, president of the Italian Geothermal Union, hopes that in the future other Italian regions could benefit from such a resource, which is extremely important when the whole world looks to transition to renewable energy. While countries like Iceland and Kenya are taking advantage of their geothermal resources, the industry’s growth has made slow progress in Italy. High set-up costs and difficulties in extraction present significant barriers. And new plants often run into opposition from nearby communities over health concerns. Italy sits on a geothermal sweet spot. Especially below Larderello, as Della Vedova says. A vast reservoir (储备) of steam and water is trapped between Earth’s inner heat and a layer of clay-heavy rocks. High temperatures lead to the formation of steam directly inside the reservoir, providing a significant source of energy. But while heat from Earth’s core is practically endless, the water it heats within the planet are not. So Della Vedova says restoring underground water supplies and using them sustainably is critical for the future. “We can’t take advantage of a geothermal resource at will,” he says. 8. What is the second paragraph mainly about? A. The landscape in the countryside. B. The introduction to a geothermal plant. C. The application of geothermal energy in Tuscany. D. The process of turning underground steam into heat. 9. Why has geothermal industry developed slowly in Italy? A. People near new plants object to it. B. Geothermal plants cut down their production. C. There is very little underground water and steam. D. People use less electricity by turning down heaters. 10. What is Della Vedova’s attitude to the prospect of geothermal energy? A. Unfavorable. B. Unclear. C. Optimistic. D. Cautious. 11. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. Where does geothermal energy lead Italy? B. Is the heat from Earth’s core really limitless? C. Can energy from underground help power Italy? D. How can geothermal energy be used scientifically? D In recent years, seasonal allergies, also called ha y fever or allergic rhinitis (过敏性鼻炎), have been hitting people around the world especially hard. Seasonal allergies cause great trouble to people, such as sneezing, tiredness, a runny nose or a congested nose which makes it hard for people to breathe. In 2021, as many as 81 million Americans experienced seasonal allergies, according to the Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America. The main cause for seasonal allergies is the spread of pollen (花粉), and researchers are blaming climate change for it. As the planet warms, scientists are seeing two main changes to allergy seasons. Allergy season length is longer and pollen levels are increasing. With warmer winter temperatures, the frost-free season starts earlier in the spring and ends later in the fall. In a research done by William Anderegg, an associate professor at the University of Utah, US, he saw pollen seasons starting about 20 days earlier this year than they did in the 1990s. Pollen levels have also been increasing in the US. Anderegg’s research found about a 21percent increase in the amount of pollen in the air from 1990 to 2018. This increase is likely fueled by a combination of higher temperatures and higher carbon dioxide levels in the air, according to Anderegg. The burning of fossil fuels — a primary cause of global warming — increases carbon dioxide. As CO₂ levels go up, plants and trees produce more pollen, according to NBC. Increased rainfall brought on by global warming may be making allergies worse too. “Thunderstorms, pressure changes, and humidity changes that we see through climate change break down pollen spores (孢子) into even smaller pieces, and these pollen spores can then more easily enter the lungs,” Brooke Lappe, a doctoral student at Emory University’s Rollins School of Public Health, said to NBC. 12. Which is not mentioned as a symptom of allergies? A. Fever. B. Sneezing. C. A blocked nose. D. A run ny nose. 13. What influence does climate change have on allergy seasons? A. Pollen seasons start earlier. B. Allergy seasons last shorter. C. Pollen levels are increasing in the UK. D. Allergy seasons do less harm to people. 14. What can we infer from the passage? A. Allergy seasons last all around the year. B. Global warming decreases rainfall sharply. C. Smaller pollen spores tend to worsen allergies. D. Higher carbon dioxide levels reduce pollen levels. 15. What’s the author’s main purpose in writing the passage? A. To give advice on how to deal with allergies. B. To explain why seasonal allergies are worse. C. To draw people’s attention to climate change. D. To inform readers of the seriousness of seasonal allergies. 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 What’s in a Game? Picture you and your friends sitting around one Saturday, bored. You’ve read every book, watched every movie and played every game. There is absolutely nothing left to do. ____16____? Here are some guidelines to help you invent a new game that’s both playable and fun. The Ohjective The first thing you’ll need to design a great game is an objective or goal for players to work toward. ____17____. For example, Hockey games and Risk, a kind of card game, have one thing in common — when one player or team reaches the final objective, they win. ____18____ Next, you’ll need rules to let your players know what they can and can’t do. It might seem like a game with no rules would be more fun. You can do anything you want! Unfortunately, this often results in confused players arguing about how the game should be played. Rules set limits and define what the game is — and what it isn’t. Players need to know what they can and can’t do, and what will happen when they do different things. Meaningful Choices While you are creating your rules, think about the choices players will make and what effects those choices will have. ____19____. If the same thing happens no matter what choice the player makes, they’ll wonder why they have to choose. Don’t Forget to Playtest! Any game you see in stores has gone through many rounds of testing and revision. Rules that seem clear to you might be confusing for others. Situations might come up that you didn’t expect. ____20____. A. The Place B. The Rules C. What can your players do D. What if you could invent your own game E. Every choice a player makes needs to have an effect on the gameplay F The best way to make sure your game is playable and fun is to playtest it G. Objectives can take many forms, but they should always be clear to the players 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I am a Senior 3 student, and all my classmates are always talking about the future. Nine out of ten ____21____ are about universities, dream jobs, or what we want to seek after high school. My desk is already covered with stickers(贴纸) from universities I even don’t know whether to ____22____ for. And my diary is filled with more notes about grades for ____23____ than personal thoughts. However, I recently found that ____24____ the future is preventing me from living in the present. I selected courses I ____25____ had no interest in just to improve my grades. I found myself doing schoolwork only with the ____26____ of getting good grades for university admissions. At one time, I had viewed high school as a path to ____27____ me from childhood to adulthood. I felt that way until last month when I ____28____ my school’s two-hour dance party. As I danced with 200 ____29____ teenagers in the hall I had a feeling I hadn’t felt for a long time: I was present and we were all present. I wasn’t worried about my _____30_____ because that wasn’t important at that moment. All that _____31_____ was that I was young. That night _____32_____ everything. I understand now high school is _____33_____ just a path to adulthood. High school is a rightful destination of its own. Ever since I’ve been trying to _____34_____ every second of my life in the present. Every time I find myself _____35_____ about the future, I take a step back, recenter myself and live my life as an adolescent, not an adult-to-be. 21. A. experiences B. conversations C. events D. duties 22. A. apply B. look C. call D. pay 23. A. dances B. programs C. admissions D. games 24. A. throwing in B. focusing on C. referring to D. building up 25. A. hardly B. regularly C. secretly D. completely 26 A. aim B. habit C. courage D. help 27. A. support B. inspire C. treat D. transport 28. A. postponed B. confirmed C. attended D. refused 29. A. desperate B. sweaty C. generous D. confused 30. A. interest B. talent C. future D. belief 31. A. counted B. differed C. appeared D. existed 32. A. enhanced B. announced C. revealed D. changed 33. A. less than B. more than C. no less than D. no more than 34. A. track B. expand C. balance D. value 35. A. particular B. positive C. anxious D. sorry 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Incense (香) boasts a long history, ____36____ its roots in many cultures — ancient China, ancient Egypt, Babylon and beyond. People from all walks of life benefit from its countless qualities, whether they use it for pleasure ____37____ as medicine. Since the Tang and Song dynasties, burning incense, hanging paintings, making tea, and enjoying music ____38____ (know) as the “four arts for literati (文人)”. ____39____ (make) from seeds, leaves and flowers, incense has been used as an ____40____ (enjoy) pursuit for scholars. Moreover medical incense is ____41____ important part of Traditional Chinese Medicine, which considers preventative healthcare as a far superior form of treatment when illness strikes. Basically, medical incense can kill bacteria in the environment, protecting people against infections. It is also believed ____42____ (own) the ability to balance the flow of Qi, a vital energy force within the body. Once the medical elements within incense are breathed in, they soon find ____43____ (they) way into the bloodstream. From there they go directly to the organs (器官) ____44____ treatment assistance is needed. The specific types of incense ____45____ (choose) based on the individual’s condition, aiming to restore balance and promote well-being, 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，为了提高人们的环保意识，你校于6月5日在城市公园（the City Park)举行了一次活动（捡垃圾、打扫卫生和义务宣传等）。请你用英文为校报写一篇报道，内容包括： 1.活动目的； 2.活动过程； 3.个人感受。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When we are little kids, birthday parties are momentous occasions. They are our time to shine, and we love everything about them: the balloons, the games, the cake, the gifts, and so on. After reading cool stories about police officers solving mysteries, Allen Miller thought the police were awesome, hoping to become one of them! So, when he had to choose a theme for his seventh birthday party—he went with his favorite: the police! And all he wanted for his birthday party was a model police car. He excitedly invited some of his friends and anxiously awaited the day. Unfortunately, none of them could make it to the party due to various reasons, Allen’s mom Rachel wrestled with the challenging decision: should she cancel the party and save Allen the embarrassment of an empty party room? He had been looking forward to the party and talking about it daily, so it would break his heart to cancel it. Officer Frank Smith, who had already planned with Rachel and agreed to show up at the party, heard from Rachel that it might be canceled due to low attendance. That’s when he decided to save the day—he is a police officer after all! His duty is to serve and protect, and he decided to protect Allen from having a bad day, and serve him the most amazing seventh birthday party! Officer Smith got the whole local police to join in. “We like to be involved in our community. It’s not just about enforcing (执行) the law. We like to be there in the good times as well,” he explained to Rachel. On the day of Allen’s party, Officer Smith picked up Rachel and Allen in his police car. The boy didn’t know where they were going, but was excited. They stopped at Town Hall, and officer Smith led them into the meeting room where a group of policemen were waiting to wish Allen a happy birthday. 注意; 1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 There, a party was waiting for him. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After they enjoyed the cake, Officer Smith took out a gift bag. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023-2024-2长沙实验中学高一下期末考试 英语 时量：120分钟 满分：150分 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）略 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Are you looking for movies to entertain yourself during the summer vacation? Here come some excellent ones. Inside Out 2 This animated adventure explores deeper into the complexities of growing up and the evolving relationships within one’s inner self. It continues the journey into the emotional world of a young girl named Riley. Each emotional character serves as a metaphor for various aspects of Riley’s life, reflecting her struggles and achievements. Bob Marley: One Love Marley is known as a musician who brought Jamaican reggae (雷鬼乐) to the world. The movie will cover the rise of Marley to fame as well as the attempted assassination (暗杀) made on Marley, Marley’s health struggles with skin cancer and his early death. Ne Zha 2 Fantastic news for fans of Chinese myths and animations! As a sequel (续集) to the original Ne Zha, Ne Zha 2 picks up the story from the first movie. The souls of Ne Zha and Ao Bing are preserved, but their bodies are destroyed. Taiyi Zhenren rebuilds their bodies, yet the process is full of challenges. Lisa Frankenstein Lisa Frankenstein, a romantic horror-comedy movie, centers on a lonely and gloomy (忧郁的) high school student. Lisa falls in love with a dead handsome boy who lived in the Victorian era. After bringing this ideal lover back to life, the two go on a strange journey to find love and happiness. 1. Which movie will you watch if you are interested in thrillers? A. Inside Out 2. B. Ne Zha 2. C. Bob Marley: One Love. D. Lisa Frankenstein. 2. What does the movie Bob Marley: One Love cover according to the text? A. Marley’s childhood. B. Marley’s rise to fame. C. Assassination made by Marley. D. Marley’s struggle with his career. 3. What do Inside Out 2 and Ne Zha 2 have in common according to the text? A. They are animations. B. They are about Chinese myths. C. They are better than the first ones. D. Their plots have little to do with the original ones. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要即将开启暑假的读者推荐了四部好电影。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Lisa Frankenstein部分中“Lisa Frankenstein, a romantic horror-comedy movie, centers on a lonely and gloomy (忧郁的) high school student.(《丽莎·弗兰肯斯坦》是一部浪漫恐怖喜剧电影，讲述了一个孤独而忧郁的高中生的故事)”可知，如果你对惊悚片感兴趣，可以看Lisa Frankenstein。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Bob Marley: One Love部分中“The movie will cover the rise of Marley to fame as well as the attempted assassination (暗杀) made on Marley, Marley’s health struggles with skin cancer and his early death.(这部电影将涵盖马利成名的过程，以及马利被暗杀的未遂事件，马利与皮肤癌的健康斗争以及他的早逝)”可知，电影《鲍勃·马利：一次爱》的内容是马利的成名。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“This animated adventure explores deeper into the complexities of growing up and the evolving relationships within one’s inner self.(这部动画冒险更深入地探索了成长的复杂性，以及一个人内在自我中不断发展的关系)”以及第四段“Fantastic news for fans of Chinese myths and animations!(对于中国神话和动画的粉丝来说，这是一个好消息！)”可知，两者都是动画。故选A。 B Ernest Owusu was 13 in 1980 when he was given the opportunity to appear in the audience of a BBC show, and ask Thatcher how she felt about being called the Iron Lady. This encounter re-emerged in a BBC’s programme recently. At the time of their meeting, Owusu was on free school meals, living on a public estate in Brixton, south London, where he and his sister were being raised by their mother Rose, a struggling hairdresser. Now 57, Owusu looks remarkably similar even with a greying beard. But his life has been transformed. The father of three is a human resources director, and the first black captain of the Addington golf club in its 110-year history. As a black guy, it is about breaking the glass ceiling. Speaking in its clubhouse, Owusu describes his rise in social status (地位) as a “Thatcherite Journey”. And he says it began by asking the woman herself. “To this day it still has an impact. My confidence changed from that sliding-door moment. Something about her connected with me.” Thatcher told Owusu she enjoyed being called the Iron Lady. “I think it’s rather a praise, don’t you?” she said, “Because so often people have said to me if you’re in your job you’ve got to be soft and warm and human, but you’ve got to have a touch of steel.” Owusu recalls the moment, “I just remember her eye contact. She was answering me, not the camera. She welcomed the question saying you’ve got to be firm in this world. And that stuck with me.” After the show was broadcast, Owusu said he became “a little hero in Brixton for a good three months”. Owusu added, “It all gave me extra confidence. Doors might not have opened so quickly. It was one of those key moments to make you do things maybe you wouldn’t otherwise have done.” 4. What do we know about Owusu when he was 13? A. He met with Thatcher twice. B. He joined a famous golf club. C. He hosted a BBC’s programme. D. He lived at the bottom of society. 5. What do the underlined words “sliding-door moment” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A Turning point. B. Important decision. C. Social status. D. Remarkable achievement. 6. Based on the text, what made a big difference to Owusu? A. Others’ treating him equally at work. B. Others’ voting him a hero in Brixton. C. Thatcher’s efforts to preserve his dignity. D. Thatcher’s faith in the necessity of toughness. 7. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. The Art of Dialogue B. The Power of Confidence C. A Life-changing Meeting D. A Status-improving Tale 【答案】4. D 5. A 6. D 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是Emest Owusu受到Thatcher夫人的影响，从而改变了自己的人生。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“At the time of their meeting, Owusu was on free school meals, living on a public estate in Brixton, south London, where he and his sister were being raised by their mother Rose, a struggling hairdresser.(在他们相遇的时候，Owusu在学校吃免费午餐，住在伦敦南部布里克斯顿的一处公共住宅里，他和妹妹由母亲罗斯抚养，她是一名苦苦挣扎的美发师)”可知，Owusu13岁时生活在社会的底层。故选D。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段“To this day it still has an impact. My confidence changed(直到今天，它仍然有影响。我的信心改变了)”可知，从那一刻Owusu的信心改变了，说明那是一个转折点，sliding-door moment的意思是“转折点”，和Turning point意思相近，故选A。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Because so often people have said to me if you’re in your job you’ve got to be soft and warm and human, but you’ve got to have a touch of steel.(因为人们经常对我说，如果你在工作中，你必须温柔、温暖、人性化，但你也必须有一点钢铁的感觉)”和“She welcomed the question saying you’ve got to be firm in this world. And that stuck with me.(她对这个问题表示欢迎，说在这个世界上你必须要坚定。这让我印象深刻)”可知，Thatcher坚信强硬的必要性使Owusu发生了巨大的变化。故选D。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第三段“Speaking in its clubhouse, Owusu describes his rise in social status (地位) as a “Thatcherite Journey”. And he says it began by asking the woman herself. “To this day it still has an impact. My confidence changed from that sliding-door moment. Something about her connected with me.”(在俱乐部里，Owusu将自己社会地位的提升描述为“撒切尔之旅”。他说，首先要问这位女士本人。“直到今天，它仍然有影响，我的信心从那一刻起就改变了。她身上的某种东西与我联系在一起。”)”可知，本文主要讲的是Ernest Owusu受到Thatcher夫人的影响，从而改变了自己的人生，因此最恰当的标题是C选项“A Life-changing Meeting(改变人生的会面)”。故选C。 C On a chilly autumn morning in the Italian countryside near Larderello, Tuscany, the misty landscape reminded me why the area is nicknamed the Devil’s Valley. The land here is a web of natural cracks in the rock that let a mix of steam and gases reach the surface. Unlike the rolling hills and cypress-lined roads of other parts of Tuscany, the landscape here is covered with dozens of grey cooling towers puffing white vapors. The deafening roar of a turbine (涡轮机) at the Valle Secolo geothermal (地热的) plant breaks the quietness, but its violent spinning transforms steam rising from underground into energy for 150,000 families in the region. About 30% of Tuscany’s electricity comes from this energy source. After producing electricity, the leftover steam heats water for nearby districts. This underground energy has recently proved a vital resource. Italy greatly depended on Russian fossil fuels and in 2023 Italians bore the world’s highest household electricity bills. Factories cut down production and households had to turn down their heaters. But residents of the Larderello area spent the winter in warm homes, thanks to the local geothermal plants working 24/7. Bruno Della Vedova, president of the Italian Geothermal Union, hopes that in the future other Italian regions could benefit from such a resource, which is extremely important when the whole world looks to transition to renewable energy. While countries like Iceland and Kenya are taking advantage of their geothermal resources, the industry’s growth has made slow progress in Italy. High set-up costs and difficulties in extraction present significant barriers. And new plants often run into opposition from nearby communities over health concerns. Italy sits on a geothermal sweet spot. Especially below Larderello as Della Vedova says. A vast reservoir (储备) of steam and water is trapped between Earth’s inner heat and a layer of clay-heavy rocks. High temperatures lead to the formation of steam directly inside the reservoir, providing a significant source of energy. But while heat from Earth’s core is practically endless, the water it heats within the planet are not. So Della Vedova says restoring underground water supplies and using them sustainably is critical for the future. “We can’t take advantage of a geothermal resource at will,” he says. 8. What is the second paragraph mainly about? A. The landscape in the countryside. B. The introduction to a geothermal plant. C. The application of geothermal energy in Tuscany. D. The process of turning underground steam into heat. 9. Why has geothermal industry developed slowly in Italy? A People near new plants object to it. B. Geothermal plants cut down their production. C. There is very little underground water and steam. D. People use less electricity by turning down heaters. 10. What is Della Vedova’s attitude to the prospect of geothermal energy? A. Unfavorable. B. Unclear. C. Optimistic. D. Cautious. 11. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. Where does geothermal energy lead Italy? B. Is the heat from Earth’s core really limitless? C. Can energy from underground help power Italy? D. How can geothermal energy be used scientifically? 【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了意大利拉德雷洛地区丰富的地热资源，如何被利用来为当地居民提供能源，并探讨了地热资源可持续利用的重要性。 【8题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Unlike the rolling hills and cypress-lined roads of other parts of Tuscany, the landscape here is covered with dozens of grey cooling towers puffing white vapors. The deafening roar of a turbine (涡轮机) at the Valle Secolo geothermal (地热的) plant breaks the quietness, but its violent spinning transforms steam rising from underground into energy for 150,000 families in the region. About 30% of Tuscany’s electricity comes from this energy source. After producing electricity, the leftover steam heats water for nearby districts.(与托斯卡纳其他地区连绵起伏的丘陵和柏树林立的道路不同，这里的风景被几十座灰色的冷却塔覆盖，散发着白色的蒸汽。山谷塞科洛地热发电厂震耳欲聋的涡轮机的轰鸣声打破了宁静，但它猛烈的旋转将地下升起的蒸汽转化为该地区15万户家庭的能源。托斯卡纳约30%的电力来自这种能源。在发电后，剩余的蒸汽为附近的地区加热水。)”可知，第二段主要描述了在托斯卡纳地区地热能的应用。它提到了瓦莱塞科洛地热发电厂，该发电厂将地下冒出的蒸汽转化为该地区15万户家庭的能源。它还提到，托斯卡纳大约30%的电力来自这种能源。故选C。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第五段“While countries like Iceland and Kenya are taking advantage of their geothermal resources, the industry’s growth has made slow progress in Italy. High set-up costs and difficulties in extraction present significant barriers. And new plants often run into opposition from nearby communities over health concerns.(冰岛和肯尼亚等国正在利用本国的地热资源，而意大利的地热产业发展却进展缓慢。高昂的安装成本和困难的开采构成了重大障碍。此外，新工厂经常因为健康问题遭到附近社区的反对。)”可知，意大利地热产业发展缓慢是因为高昂的设立成本和提取困难，也是因为新建工厂经常因为健康担忧而遭到附近社区的反对。故选A。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“But while heat from Earth’s core is practically endless, the water it heats within the planet are not. So Della Vedova says restoring underground water supplies and using them sustainably is critical for the future. “We can’t take advantage of a geothermal resource at will,” he says.(但是，虽然地核的热量实际上是无穷无尽的，但它在地球上加热的水却不是。因此，Della Vedova表示，恢复地下水供应并可持续地利用它们对未来至关重要。“我们不能随意利用地热资源”，他说。)”可知，Della Vedova对地热能源前景抱有谨慎的态度。故选D。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第四段“Bruno Della Vedova, president of the Italian Geothermal Union, hopes that in the future other Italian regions could benefit from such a resource, which is extremely important when the whole world looks to transition to renewable energy.( Bruno Della Vedova是意大利地热联盟的主席，他希望将来意大利的其他地区也能从这种资源中受益。当全世界都在向可再生能源过渡时，这种资源是极其重要的。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要描述了意大利托斯卡纳地区的地热能源如何被用来为当地居民提供电力和供暖，并强调了这种能源在能源供应中的重要性。同时，文章也提到了地热能源的前景和挑战，以及意大利地热联盟主席Bruno Della Vedova对地热能源的看法和态度。选项C“Can energy from underground help power Italy?(来自地下的能源能帮助为意大利供电吗？)”准确地概括了文章的主要内容。故选C。 D In recent years, seasonal allergies, also called ha y fever or allergic rhinitis (过敏性鼻炎), have been hitting people around the world especially hard. Seasonal allergies cause great trouble to people, such as sneezing, tiredness, a runny nose or a congested nose which makes it hard for people to breathe. In 2021, as many as 81 million Americans experienced seasonal allergies, according to the Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America. The main cause for seasonal allergies is the spread of pollen (花粉), and researchers are blaming climate change for it. As the planet warms, scientists are seeing two main changes to allergy seasons. Allergy season length is longer and pollen levels are increasing. With warmer winter temperatures, the frost-free season starts earlier in the spring and ends later in the fall. In a research done by William Anderegg, an associate professor at the University of Utah, US, he saw pollen seasons starting about 20 days earlier this year than they did in the 1990s. Pollen levels have also been increasing in the US. Anderegg’s research found about a 21percent increase in the amount of pollen in the air from 1990 to 2018. This increase is likely fueled by a combination of higher temperatures and higher carbon dioxide levels in the air, according to Anderegg. The burning of fossil fuels — a primary cause of global warming — increases carbon dioxide. As CO₂ levels go up, plants and trees produce more pollen, according to NBC. Increased rainfall brought on by global warming may be making allergies worse too. “Thunderstorms, pressure changes, and humidity changes that we see through climate change break down pollen spores (孢子) into even smaller pieces, and these pollen spores can then more easily enter the lungs,” Brooke Lappe, a doctoral student at Emory University’s Rollins School of Public Health, said to NBC. 12. Which is not mentioned as a symptom of allergies? A. Fever. B. Sneezing. C. A blocked nose. D. A run ny nose. 13. What influence does climate change have on allergy seasons? A. Pollen seasons start earlier. B. Allergy seasons last shorter. C. Pollen levels are increasing in the UK. D. Allergy seasons do less harm to people. 14. What can we infer from the passage? A. Allergy seasons last all around the year. B. Global warming decreases rainfall sharply. C. Smaller pollen spores tend to worsen allergies. D. Higher carbon dioxide levels reduce pollen levels. 15. What’s the author’s main purpose in writing the passage? A. To give advice on how to deal with allergies. B. To explain why seasonal allergies are worse. C. To draw people’s attention to climate change. D. To inform readers of the seriousness of seasonal allergies. 【答案】12. A 13. A 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人类季节性过敏问题加剧的原因。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Seasonal allergies cause great trouble to people, such as sneezing, tiredness, a runny nose or a congested nose which makes it hard for people to breathe.(季节性过敏会给人们带来很大的麻烦，比如打喷嚏、疲劳、流鼻涕或鼻塞，使人们呼吸困难)”可知，发烧没有被认为是过敏的症状。故选A。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“In a research done by William Anderegg, an associate professor at the University of Utah, US, he saw pollen seasons starting about 20 days earlier this year than they did in the 1990s.(在美国犹他大学副教授威廉·安德雷格的一项研究中，他发现今年的花粉季节比上世纪90年代提前了20天左右)”可知，气候变化导致花粉季节开始得更早，从而对过敏季节产生影响。故选A。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段“Increased rainfall brought on by global warming may be making allergies worse too.(全球变暖带来的降雨增加可能也会加重过敏)”以及“Thunderstorms, pressure changes, and humidity changes that we see through climate change break down pollen spores (孢子) into even smaller pieces, and these pollen spores can then more easily enter the lungs(雷暴，气压变化，以及气候变化带来的湿度变化会把花粉孢子分解成更小的碎片，这些花粉孢子更容易进入肺部)”可知，较小的花粉孢子容易加重过敏。故选C。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“The main cause for seasonal allergies is the spread of pollen(花粉), and researchers are blaming climate change for it.(季节性过敏的主要原因是花粉的传播，研究人员将其归咎于气候变化)”结合文章主要介绍了人类季节性过敏问题加剧的原因。可知，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是解释为什么季节性过敏更严重。故选B。 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 What’s in a Game? Picture you and your friends sitting around one Saturday, bored. You’ve read every book, watched every movie and played every game. There is absolutely nothing left to do. ____16____? Here are some guidelines to help you invent a new game that’s both playable and fun. The Ohjective The first thing you’ll need to design a great game is an objective or goal for players to work toward. ____17____. For example, Hockey games and Risk, a kind of card game, have one thing in common — when one player or team reaches the final objective, they win. ____18____ Next, you’ll need rules to let your players know what they can and can’t do. It might seem like a game with no rules would be more fun. You can do anything you want! Unfortunately, this often results in confused players arguing about how the game should be played. Rules set limits and define what the game is — and what it isn’t. Players need to know what they can and can’t do, and what will happen when they do different things. Meaningful Choices While you are creating your rules, think about the choices players will make and what effects those choices will have. ____19____. If the same thing happens no matter what choice the player makes, they’ll wonder why they have to choose. Don’t Forget to Playtest! Any game you see in stores has gone through many rounds of testing and revision. Rules that seem clear to you might be confusing for others. Situations might come up that you didn’t expect. ____20____. A. The Place B. The Rules C. What can your players do D. What if you could invent your own game E. Every choice a player makes needs to have an effect on the gameplay F. The best way to make sure your game is playable and fun is to playtest it G. Objectives can take many forms, but they should always be clear to the players 【答案】16. D 17. G 18. B 19. E 20. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了创造一款游戏的一些指导原则。 【16题详解】 上文“Picture you and your friends sitting around one Saturday, bored. You’ve read every book, watched every movie and played every game. There is absolutely nothing left to do.”（想象一下你和你的朋友在某个周六无所事事地坐在一起。你读过所有的书，看过所有的电影，玩过所有的游戏。绝对没有什么可做的了。）描述了一幅周六和朋友在一起无所事事的无聊场景，结合下文“Here are some guidelines to help you invent a new game that’s both playable and fun.”（这里有一些指导原则可以帮助你创造一款既可玩又有趣的新游戏。）引出了创造一款游戏的建议，D项“What if you could invent your own game”（如果你能发明自己的游戏会怎么样？）衔接上文，说明应对无聊周末的解决办法，并衔接下文创造一款游戏的建议。符合句意。故选D项。 【17题详解】 上文“The first thing you’ll need to design a great game is an objective or goal for players to work toward.”（要设计一款好玩的游戏，你需要做的第一件事就是为玩家设定一个目标。）说明目标在游戏设计中的重要性。并结合下文“For example, Hockey games and Risk, a kind of card game, have one thing in common — when one player or team reaches the final objective, they win.”（例如，曲棍球游戏和Risk(一种纸牌游戏)有一个共同点——当一名玩家或团队达到最终目标时，他们就赢了。）举例说明了游戏中要有明确的目标设定。G项“Objectives can take many forms, but they should always be clear to the players”（目标可以有多种形式，但玩家必须清楚这些目标。）承上启下，衔接恰当。故选G项。 【18题详解】 下文“Next, you’ll need rules to let your players know what they can and can’t do. It might seem like a game with no rules would be more fun. You can do anything you want! Unfortunately, this often results in confused players arguing about how the game should be played. Rules set limits and define what the game is — and what it isn’t. Players need to know what they can and can’t do, and what will happen when they do different things.”（接下来，你需要制定规则，让玩家知道他们能做什么，不能做什么。似乎没有规则游戏会更有趣。你可以做任何你想做的事！不幸的是，这通常会导致困惑的玩家争论游戏应该如何玩。规则设定了限制，定义了什么是游戏，什么不是游戏。玩家需要知道他们能做什么和不能做什么，以及当他们做不同的事情时会发生什么。）说明了设定游戏规则的重要性。B项“The Rules”（规则）可作为小标题概括本段内容。故选B项。 【19题详解】 上文“While you are creating your rules, think about the choices players will make and what effects those choices will have.”（当你在创造规则时，考虑玩家将做出的选择以及这些选择将产生的影响。）说明制定规则时，需要考虑到玩家的选择。E项“Every choice a player makes needs to have an effect on the gameplay”（玩家做出的每一个选择都必须对游戏玩法产生影响。）衔接上文，进一步解释玩家选择的影响，衔接恰当。故选E项。 【20题详解】 上文“Any game you see in stores has gone through many rounds of testing and revision. Rules that seem clear to you might be confusing for others. Situations might come up that you didn’t expect.”（你在商店里看到的任何游戏都经历了多次测试和修改。对你来说很清楚的规则可能会让别人感到困惑。你可能会遇到意想不到的情况。）并结合本段小标题“Don’t Forget to Playtest!”（不要忘记测试！）可知，本段强调了测试游戏的重要性，有助于解决让玩家困惑的情况，F项“The best way to make sure your game is playable and fun is to playtest it”（确保你的游戏具有可玩性和趣味性的最佳方法便是进行测试。）照应小标题，对前文问题给出明确解决办法。符合句意。故选F项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I am a Senior 3 student, and all my classmates are always talking about the future. Nine out of ten ____21____ are about universities, dream jobs, or what we want to seek after high school. My desk is already covered with stickers(贴纸) from universities I even don’t know whether to ____22____ for. And my diary is filled with more notes about grades for ____23____ than personal thoughts. However, I recently found that ____24____ the future is preventing me from living in the present. I selected courses I ____25____ had no interest in just to improve my grades. I found myself doing schoolwork only with the ____26____ of getting good grades for university admissions. At one time, I had viewed high school as a path to ____27____ me from childhood to adulthood. I felt that way until last month when I ____28____ my school’s two-hour dance party. As I danced with 200 ____29____ teenagers in the hall, I had a feeling I hadn’t felt for a long time: I was present and we were all present. I wasn’t worried about my _____30_____ because that wasn’t important at that moment. All that _____31_____ was that I was young. That night _____32_____ everything. I understand now high school is _____33_____ just a path to adulthood. High school is a rightful destination of its own. Ever since I’ve been trying to _____34_____ every second of my life in the present. Every time I find myself _____35_____ about the future, I take a step back, recenter myself and live my life as an adolescent, not an adult-to-be. 21. A. experiences B. conversations C. events D. duties 22. A. apply B. look C. call D. pay 23. A. dances B. programs C. admissions D. games 24. A. throwing in B. focusing on C. referring to D. building up 25. A. hardly B. regularly C. secretly D. completely 26. A. aim B. habit C. courage D. help 27. A. support B. inspire C. treat D. transport 28. A. postponed B. confirmed C. attended D. refused 29. A. desperate B. sweaty C. generous D. confused 30. A. interest B. talent C. future D. belief 31. A. counted B. differed C. appeared D. existed 32. A. enhanced B. announced C. revealed D. changed 33. A. less than B. more than C. no less than D. no more than 34. A. track B. expand C. balance D. value 35. A. particular B. positive C. anxious D. sorry 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇夹叙夹议文。作者作为一名高三学生，所有的努力都是在为好的未来做准备，直到有一天，作者和200个青少年跳舞时，有了新的感悟。从那之后，只要作者感到焦虑就及时调整自己，活在当下。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：十分之九的谈话都是关于大学、理想的工作，或者我们高中毕业后想要寻找什么。A. experiences经历；B. conversations对话；C. events活动；D. duties责任。根据“talking about the future”可知，十分之九的谈话都是关于大学、理想的工作。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的桌子上已经贴满了我不知道该不该申请的大学的贴纸。A. apply申请；B. look看；C. call称呼；D. pay支付。根据“My desk is already covered with stickers(贴纸) from universities”可知，作者的桌子上贴满了不知道该不该申请的大学的贴纸。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的日记里写的更多的是关于录取成绩的笔记，而不是个人想法。A. dances舞蹈；B. programs程序；C. admissions进入许可；D. games游戏。根据“grades for”可知，日记里更多的是允许进入大学的成绩的笔记。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，我最近发现，对未来的关注阻碍了我活在当下。A. throwing in额外附送；B. focusing on关注；C. referring to参考、指的是；D. building up加强。根据“preventing me from living in the present”及上文内容可知，上文作者对于未来的关注阻碍了自己活在当下。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：为了提高成绩，我选择了完全不感兴趣的课程。A. hardly几乎不；B. regularly规律地；C. secretly秘密地；D. completely完全地。根据“to improve my grades”可知，作者为了提高成绩，选择了自己完全不感兴趣的课程。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发现自己做功课只是为了在大学录取中取得好成绩。A. aim目的；B. habit习惯；C. courage勇气；D. help帮助。根据“getting good grades for university admissions”可知，作者做功课的目的只是为了在大学录取中获得好成绩。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一段时间，我把高中看作是我从童年到成年的通道。A. support支持；B. inspire鼓舞；C. treat对待；D. transport运送。根据“viewed high school as a path to ____7____ me from childhood to adulthood”可知，作者将高中看作是把自己从童年运送到成年的通道。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直这么想直到上个月我参加了学校两个小时的舞会。A. postponed推迟；B. confirmed确认；C. attended出席、参加；D. refused拒绝。根据“my school’s two-hour dance party”可知，作者参加了学校舞会。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我和200名汗流浃背的青少年在大厅里跳舞时，我有了一种很久没有过的感觉：我在场，我们都在场。A. desperate绝望的；B. sweaty出汗的；C. generous慷慨的；D. confused困惑的。根据“200 ____9____ teenagers”可知，200个青少年和作者一起跳舞，大家都出了汗。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我并不担心我的未来，因为那在当时并不重要。A. interest兴趣；B. talent才能；C. future未来；D. belief相信。根据前文“However, I recently found that ____4____ the future is preventing me from living in the present.”可知，作者在跳舞时不担心未来。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：重要的是我还年轻。A. counted重要；B. differed不同；C. appeared出现；D. existed存在。根据“that I was young”可知，重要的是，作者还年轻。故选A项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那一夜改变了一切。A. enhanced提高；B. announced宣布；C. revealed揭示；D. changed改变。根据下文“I understand now high school is ____13____ just a path to adulthood.”可知，那一晚的经历改变了作者对于生活的态度。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：我现在明白高中不仅仅是通往成年的道路。A. less than少于；B. more than多于，不仅仅是；C. no less than不少于；D. no more than不多于。根据“high school is ____13____ just a path to adulthood. High school is a rightful destination of its own.”可知，作者后来认为，高中不仅仅是通往成年的道路。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，我一直在努力珍惜我现在生命中的每一秒。A. track追踪；B. expand扩大；C. balance使……平衡；D. value珍惜。根据“every second of my life in the present”可知，从那之后，作者一直努力珍惜生命中的每一秒。选项D项。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每当我发现自己对未来感到焦虑时，我就退后一步，重新调整自己，像一个青少年那样生活，而不是一个即将成年的人。A. particular特定的；B. positive积极的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. sorry抱歉的。根据“I take a step back, recenter myself and live my life as an adolescent, not an adult-to-be”可知，每当作者感到焦虑，他会后退一步，重新调整自己。故选C项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Incense (香) boasts a long history, ____36____ its roots in many cultures — ancient China, ancient Egypt, Babylon and beyond. People from all walks of life benefit from its countless qualities, whether they use it for pleasure ____37____ as medicine. Since the Tang and Song dynasties, burning incense, hanging paintings, making tea, and enjoying music ____38____ (know) as the “four arts for literati (文人)”. ____39____ (make) from seeds, leaves and flowers, incense has been used as an ____40____ (enjoy) pursuit for scholars. Moreover, medical incense is ____41____ important part of Traditional Chinese Medicine, which considers preventative healthcare as a far superior form of treatment when illness strikes. Basically, medical incense can kill bacteria in the environment, protecting people against infections. It is also believed ____42____ (own) the ability to balance the flow of Qi, a vital energy force within the body. Once the medical elements within incense are breathed in, they soon find ____43____ (they) way into the bloodstream. From there they go directly to the organs (器官) ____44____ treatment assistance is needed. The specific types of incense ____45____ (choose) based on the individual’s condition, aiming to restore balance and promote well-being, 【答案】36. with 37. or 38. have been known 39. Made 40. enjoyable 41. an 42. to own 43. their 44. where 45. are chosen 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了香的历史和作用。 【36题详解】 考查介词。句意：熏香有着悠久的历史，它植根于许多文化——古代中国、古埃及、巴比伦和其他地方。空格处应该用介词with，和下文的its roots in many构成with复合结构。故填with。 【37题详解】 考查连词。句意：各行各业的人们都从它的无数品质中受益，无论是用于娱乐还是作为药物。whether...or...是固定搭配。故填or。 【38题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自唐宋以来，烧香、挂画、泡茶、欣赏音乐被称为“文人四艺”。根据时间状语 Since the Tang and Song dynasties可知，用现在完成时，考查know和主语burning incense, hanging paintings, making tea, and enjoying music之间是被动关系，用被动语态，且主语是复数，作动词用have。故填have been known。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：香是由种子、树叶和花朵制成的，被学者们用作一种享受的追求。空格处用非谓语动词作状语，动词make与句子主语之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词。故填Made。 【40题详解】 考查形容词。句意：香是由种子、树叶和花朵制成的，被学者们用作一种享受的追求。空格处应该用形容词enjoyable作定语，修饰名词pursuit。故填enjoyable。 【41题详解】 考查冠词。句意：此外，药用香是中医的重要组成部分，中医认为，当疾病发作时，预防性保健是一种优越的治疗形式。part是可数名词单复数，前面应该用不定冠词，important的发音是辅音音素开头，应该用an。故填an。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它还被认为拥有平衡气流动的能力，气是体内的一种重要能量力量。固定句型：be believed to do“被认为……”。故填to own。 【43题详解】 考查代词。句意：一旦香中的医疗成分被吸入，它们很快就会进入血液。形容词性物主代词their作定语，修饰名词way。故填their。 【44题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：从那里，它们直接到达需要治疗援助的器官。空格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词organs，关系词在从句中作状语，表地点，用where。故填where。 【45题详解】 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：选择特定种类的香是依据个人的情况而定，旨在恢复平衡和促进福祉。空格处是谓语动词，叙述客观事实，用一般现在时；The specific types of incense和动词choose是被动关系，用被动语态，主语是复数形式，助动词用are。故填are chosen。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，为了提高人们的环保意识，你校于6月5日在城市公园（the City Park)举行了一次活动（捡垃圾、打扫卫生和义务宣传等）。请你用英文为校报写一篇报道，内容包括： 1.活动目的； 2.活动过程； 3.个人感受。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 To raise the students’ environmental awareness and encourage us to do voluntary work, our school organized a clean-up activity in the City Park on June 5. Not only did we collect dropped litter to the rubbish cans but we also helped the cleaners do some sweeping. Additionally, we put up some banners reading ‘Protect our environment’ or ‘No waste and littering’ and so on in the park. Though worn out, we feel it very meaningful and enjoyable since it contributes more or less to a better environment. 【解析】 【分析】本篇书面表达属于记叙文。要求考生用英文为校报写一篇报道，报道学校6月5日在城市公园举行的一次活动。 【详解】1.词汇积累 此外：additionally→besides/furthermore/what’s more 垃圾：litter→rubbish 疲倦的：worn out→tired/exhausted 促进：improve→contribute to 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：To raise the students’ environmental awareness and encourage us to do voluntary work, our school organized a clean-up activity in the City Park on June 5. Not only did we collect dropped litter to the rubbish cans but we also helped the cleaners do some sweeping. 拓展句：To raise the students’ environmental awareness and encourage us to do voluntary work, our school organized a clean-up activity in the City Park on June 5 where we not only collected dropped litter to the rubbish cans but we also helped the cleaners do some sweeping. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Not only did we collect dropped litter to the rubbish cans but we also helped the cleaners do some sweeping. 该句子中使用了部分倒装。 [高分句型2] Though worn out, we feel it very meaningful and enjoyable since it contributes more or less to a better environment. 该句使用了状语从句的省略，since引导原因状语从句。 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When we are little kids, birthday parties are momentous occasions. They are our time to shine, and we love everything about them: the balloons, the games, the cake, the gifts, and so on. After reading cool stories about police officers solving mysteries, Allen Miller thought the police were awesome, hoping to become one of them! So, when he had to choose a theme for his seventh birthday party—he went with his favorite: the police! And all he wanted for his birthday party was a model police car. He excitedly invited some of his friends and anxiously awaited the day. Unfortunately, none of them could make it to the party due to various reasons, Allen’s mom Rachel wrestled with the challenging decision: should she cancel the party and save Allen the embarrassment of an empty party room? He had been looking forward to the party and talking about it daily, so it would break his heart to cancel it. Officer Frank Smith, who had already planned with Rachel and agreed to show up at the party, heard from Rachel that it might be canceled due to low attendance. That’s when he decided to save the day—he is a police officer after all! His duty is to serve and protect, and he decided to protect Allen from having a bad day, and serve him the most amazing seventh birthday party! Officer Smith got the whole local police to join in. “We like to be involved in our community. It’s not just about enforcing (执行) the law. We like to be there in the good times as well,” he explained to Rachel. On the day of Allen’s party, Officer Smith picked up Rachel and Allen in his police car. The boy didn’t know where they were going, but was excited. They stopped at Town Hall, and officer Smith led them into the meeting room where a group of policemen were waiting to wish Allen a happy birthday. 注意; 1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 There, a party was waiting for him. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After they enjoyed the cake, Officer Smith took out a gift bag. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】There, a party was waiting for him. The moment Allen stepped inside, a chorus of “Happy Birthday” filled the meeting room, and he found himself surrounded by lots of police officers holding balloons. Officer Smith introduced him to all the officers, who gave him high fives. Allen was thrilled, and his eyes sparkled with excitement as he looked at the grand police-themed cake. As Allen cut into the cake with the help of his mom, the room erupted into cheers and laughter, adding to the joyful atmosphere. After they enjoyed the cake, officer Smith took out a gift bag. “It’s for you.” He presented the delicately wrapped parcel to Allen, who was stunned by the surprise. “Wow, a model police car! It looks exactly like the one we came here in! Thank you!” Officer Smith smiled, “Anytime, Allen.” Allen hugged Officer Smith and thanked him again for making the otherwise crushing disappointment his time to shine. It was the local heroes who helped by being part of the community and inspiring the young soul in small but effective ways. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，以人物为线索。Allen很喜欢警察，所以他为自己的七岁生日派对选择了警察主题，并且想要一个警车模型作为生日礼物。但是他的朋友由于各种原因而不能在那天为他庆生。为了不让他失望，警官Frank Smith和Allen的妈妈计划为Allen准备一个独特的生日派对。在生日那天Frank Smith带着Allen和妈妈进入市政厅，一群警察为Allen庆生，他还收到了警车模型。这些当地英雄用小小的善举激励了这个男孩。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由续写第一段首句“在那里，一个派对正在等着他。”可知，第一段可以描写生日派对上的情形。 ②由续写第二段首句“他们享用蛋糕后，Smith警官拿出一个礼品袋。”可知，第二段可以描写Allen收到了警官送的警车模型，这些警官用小小的善举激励了这个男孩。 2. 续写线索：Allen进入会议室——一群警察为Allen庆祝生日——Allen收到了警车模型的礼物——Allen非常感动 3. 词汇激活： 行为类 ①拿着：hold/take/carry ②介绍：introduce/recommend ③爆发出：erupt into/burst into 情绪类 ①兴奋的：thrilled/excited ②欢乐的：joyful/pleasant ③惊讶：surprise/amazement 【点睛】【高分句型1】As Allen cut into the cake with the help of his mom, the room erupted into cheers and laughter, adding to the joyful atmosphere.(使用了As引导时间状语从句、现在分词作状语) 高分句型2】It was the local heroes who helped by being part of the community and inspiring the young soul in small but effective ways. (使用了强调句型、动名词作宾语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$