Unit 5 Section Ⅰ TOPIC TALK & LESSON 1（Word教参）-【优化指导】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（北师大版2019）

[对应学生用书P49] [默写单词] 1.sympathy n.同情,同情心 2.philosopher n.哲学家 3.restriction n.限制,规定,约束 4.troublesome adj.引起麻烦的;令人烦恼的 5.superb adj.极好的,卓越的 6.eyesight n.视力 7.grasp vt.理解,领会 8.vocabulary n.词汇量 9.gently adv.轻柔地;温和地;平缓地 10.puzzle vt.使困惑,使迷惑 11.abstract adj.抽象的 12.concept n.概念;想法 13.breakthrough n.突破;重大进展 14.expand vi.& vt.(使)扩大;增加 [拓展单词] 1.significance n.重要性,意义→significant adj.重大的；有效的；有意义的；值得注意的；意味深长的→significantly adv.意味深长地；值得注目地 2.promote vt.促进,增进→promoter n.促进者，发起人→promotion n.提升；提拔;促销活动 3.consistent adj.一贯的,一致的→consist v.组成，构成；在于；一致 4.analyse vt.分析,剖析→analysis n.分析 5.educator n.教育工作者→educate vt.教育→education n.教育 6.insist vt.坚称;坚持主张→insistence n.坚持，强调；坚决主张→insistent adj.坚决要求的；坚持的；固执的→insistently adv.坚持地；强求地 7.evaluate vt.评估,评价→evaluation n.评估，评价 8.unbearable adj.难以忍受的;承受不住的→bearable adj.可忍受的→bear vt.容忍；生（孩子）；携带；承担责任；承受（重量） 9.stubborn adj.固执的,执拗的;倔强的→stubbornly adv.固执地；倔强地→stubbornness n.固执 10.relate vi.理解;相联系→related adj.相关的；有亲属关系的→relative adj.相对的，相应的 n.亲戚→relatively adv.相对地；比较地→relation n.关系，联系→relationship n.关系，联系 11.technique n.技巧,手法→technical adj.技术的；技能的；工艺的→technically adv.技术上；专门地 12.excitement n.兴奋,激动→excite vt.兴奋→exciting adj.令人兴奋的→excited adj.兴奋的 13.enthusiastic adj.热心的,热衷的→enthusiastically adv.热情地→enthusiasm n.热情，热忱 14.apparent adj.显而易见的;明白的→apparently adv.显然地；似乎，表面上 15.disappointed adj.失望的,沮丧的→disappoint vt.使失望→disappointing adj.令人失望的→disappointment n.失望 1.have a tendency to 有……的趋势 2.recommend to 推荐给 3.relate to 与……相关 4.hold up 抓住 5.flow over 流下 6.open up to 向……敞开 7.the key to ……的关键 8.be eager to 渴望…… 9.be enthusiastic about 对……热衷 10.point to 指向 11.keep on doing 继续做 12.with the help of 在……的帮助下 13.in a way 在某种程度上 14.pour into 灌注 15.have a great influence on ... 对……有巨大影响 16.be consistent with ... 与……一致 17.have sympathy for ... 对……有同情心 18.in a flash 瞬间 1．句型公式：as ...as Sb. can/could 教材原句：Now that Helen grasped the key to language, she was very eager to learn more and use it as much as she could. 由于海伦理解了语言的关键，她非常渴望学习更多的语言，并且尽可能多地使用它。 佳句仿写：为了帮助解决这个问题，我尽可能多地去跑步。 To help deal with the problem, I go running as often as I possibly can. 2．句型公式：It is/was the first time+从句 教材原句：It was the first time Helen had understood such a complex word—a word for something she couldn’t touch. 那是海伦第一次明白了这样一个复杂的词——一个她触摸不到的东西的含义。 佳句仿写：这是我第一次参观长城。 It was the first time I had visited the Great Wall. [对应学生用书P64] [主旨大意] The text tells the history of Helen Keller. It is her teacher—Anne Sullivan who has a big influence on her and make the world of words opened up to her. [文章架构] Helen Keller was an exceptionally 1.special girl. ·She couldn’t see or 2.hear. ·She was sometimes troublesome, stubborn and angry. ·3.No one understood her. Anne Sullivan helped her ·Anne’s technique to teach Helen language was 4.simple and straightforward. Anne spelt words by writing on Helen’s hand so that Helen could get a mental 5.picture of the words. She started with the word “6.doll”. ·Helen grasped 7.the key to language; but for Helen, it was a gradual and sometimes 8.painful process. ·As Helen’s knowledge and vocabulary expanded, she asked 9.more and more questions. It was 10.the first time Helen had understood such a 11.complex word—a word for something she couldn’t touch. In that vivid moment, Helen finally understood the 12.beautiful truth of the word “love”. The 13.achievement of Helen Keller The Story of My Life [细节探究] 1.What do we know Helen Keller according to the passage?( C ) A.She is always stubborn and angry. B.She shows a talent for words from the time of birth. C.She is working hard when learning words. D.She loves to describe her feeling. 2.How did Anne Sullivan help Helen open the world of words?( B ) A.Teaching the way. B.Playing the games. C.Knowing the color. D.Learning the sun. 3.Why did Helen feel excited when she wrote the first word?( A ) A.She thought it was a game. B.She knew the new word. C.She could express herself. D.She learned to play with dolls. 4.What’s the meaning of the love according to the passage?( C ) A.It is the free expression. B.It is a word meaning the thinking. C.It is a belief making people happy. D.It is the word getting the satisfaction. [难句突破] 1.By the time she was seven years old, she still couldn’t speak, read or write and needed to have everything done for her. 分析：本句是一个主从复合句。By the time引导时间状语从句，主句中and连接并列的谓语。 翻译：她七岁时，仍不会说话，不能读书也不会写字，一切都需要别人照顾。 2.She was making necklaces with the help of Anne when she noticed that she had made some mistakes. 分析：本句使用了“be doing ...when”结构，意为“正当……这时突然……”，that引导宾语从句，作动词noticed的宾语。 翻译：她正在安妮的帮助下做项链，这时她发现自己犯了一些错。 3.It was the first time Helen had understood such a complex word—a word for something she couldn’t touch. 分析：本句使用了“It was the first time+从句”结构。破折号后she couldn’t touch为省略了关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词something。 翻译：那是海伦第一次明白了这样一个复杂的词——一个她触摸不到的东西的含义。 ENLIGHTENING A MIND Helen Keller was an exceptionally special girl. ❶By the time① she was seven years old, she still couldn’t speak, read or write and needed to have everything done for her. ❷This was because she couldn't see or hear. With these severe restrictions to her communication, Helen's behaviour was often unbearable. She was sometimes troublesome, stubborn and angry, and had a tendency to② break things when no one understood her. Helen's parents got a superb teacher recommended to③ them, a woman named Anne Sullivan. Anne was a teacher and former student at a school for the blind in Boston. She'd had eyesight problems early in life as well④ so she could relate to⑤ Helen's difficulties. Anne's technique to teach Helen language was simple and straightforward. ❸Anne spelt words by writing on Helen's hand so that Helen could get a mental picture of the words. She started with⑥ the word “doll”. She would let Helen play with⑦ the doll, and then spell the letters “D-O-L-L” on her hand⑧. ❹When they initially did this, Helen thought it was a game. She wrote about her excitement later in her book, The Story of My Life: “Running downstairs to my mother, I held up⑨ my hand and made the letters for ‘doll’. I did not know that I was spelling a word or even that words existed; I was simply making my fingers go in monkey-like imitation.” When they were at the well one day, Anne put one of Helen's hands under the stream of water. As the water flowed over⑩ Helen's hand, Anne spelt out⑪ “W-A-T-E-R” into Helen's other hand. ❺As Anne wrote on Helen's hand, Helen suddenly realised that the movement of the fingers meant the cool liquid flowing over⑫ her hand. This precious knowledge gave her hope and joy. Finally, she got the world of words opened up to⑬ her. Now that Helen grasped the key to⑭ language, she was very eager to⑮ learn more and use it as much as she could. Children who can see and hear learn language easily, but for Helen, it was a gradual and sometimes painful process. However, because Helen was so enthusiastic about⑯ learning, the results were amazing. As Helen's knowledge and vocabulary expanded, she asked more and more⑰ questions. This soon led her to⑱ discover more complex words and changed her thinking process. Trying to learn the word “love” was an experience that she remembered well. This is how she described it in her book: “I remember the morning that I first asked the meaning of the word ‘love’. This was before I knew many words. I had found a few early violets in the garden and brought them to my teacher⑲ ...Miss Sullivan put her arm gently round me and wrote on my hand, ‘I love Helen.’ ‘What is love?’ I asked. She drew me closer to her and said, ‘It is here,’ pointing to⑳ my heart ...Her words puzzled me very much because I did not then understand anything unless I touched it.” Although the meaning of love was still not apparent to Helen, she kept on trying to understand it. “I smelt the violets in her hand and asked, half in words, half in signs, a question which meant, ‘Is love the sweetness of flowers?’ ‘No,’ said my teacher.” When Helen and Anne were outside one day, Helen felt the warmth of the sun's rays. She pointed up and asked if that was love. When her teacher said that it wasn't, she was confused and disappointed. “I thought it strange that my teacher could not show me love.” The word “think” was also a difficult one for Helen because it is such an abstract concept. However, one day as she was working on a simple task, she had a breakthrough. ❻She was making necklaces with the help of Anne when she noticed that she had made some mistakes. Because she was uncertain how to fix them, she stopped to think carefully. As she did this, Anne touched Helen's forehead and wrote the word “think” on her hand. “In a flash I knew that the word was the name of the process that was going on in my head.” ❼It was the first time Helen had understood such a complex word—a word for something she couldn’t touch. At that moment, her mind returned to the word “love”. As she thought about its meaning again, the sun came out. She pointed to the sun and asked her teacher again if that was love. Anne answered Helen by explaining that love was like the sun and clouds in a way. “You cannot touch the clouds, you know; but you feel the rain ...You cannot touch love either; but you feel the sweetness that it pours into everything. Without love you would not be happy or want to play.” In that vivid moment, Helen finally understood the beautiful truth of the word “love”. [参考译文] 启迪心灵 海伦·凯勒是一个非常特殊的女孩。她七岁时，仍不会说话，不能读书也不会写字，一切都需要别人照顾。这是因为她看不见也听不见。这些严重的障碍限制了海伦的正常交流，也让她的行为常常令人难以忍受。海伦有时很烦人、很固执，而且很易怒。如果没有人能理解她的意思，她就会摔东西。 海伦的父母经人推荐，聘请了一位名叫安妮·莎莉文的优秀老师。安妮曾是波士顿一所盲人学校的老师，也曾在那儿上过学。她小时候视力也有障碍，所以更能理解海伦所面临的困境。 安妮教海伦学习语言的方法简单明了。她先在海伦手上拼写单词，使海伦联想到单词的画面。安妮给海伦拼写的第一个词是“doll”。她先让海伦和洋娃娃玩耍，然后在海伦的手上拼写“D-O-L-L”。刚开始海伦以为这是在玩游戏。后来在《我的人生故事》一书中，海伦描述了自己的兴奋之情： “我跑下楼去见我母亲，举起手来，也给她拼写字母组成‘doll’。可我那时并不知道自己在拼写单词，甚至压根不知道词汇的存在。我仅仅是亦步亦趋地用手指模仿老师。” 一天，她们在井边，安妮把海伦的一只手放在水流下。水缓缓流过海伦的手掌，安妮在她的另一只手上拼写“W-A-T-E-R”。安妮在海伦手上写的时候，海伦突然意识到，手指的动作代表的是流过自己手掌的清凉的液体。这宝贵的知识给她带来希望和快乐。终于，她打开了语言世界的大门。 由于海伦理解了语言的关键，她非常渴望学习更多语言，并且尽可能多地使用它。正常的孩子能听、能看，学起语言来很容易。但对海伦来说，学习语言是个渐进的过程，有时会很痛苦。然而，因为海伦对学习有极高的热情，学习成果令人吃惊。 随着海伦知识和词汇量的不断扩大，她提出的问题也越来越多。这使她学会了更复杂的单词，从而改变了思维的过程。她很清楚地记得，学习“love”这个单词的难忘经历。在书中她这样描述道： “我记得有一天早上，我第一次问‘love’这个词的含义。那时我的词汇量还很有限。我在花园里发现了早开的紫罗兰，摘下一些带给老师……莎莉文老师温柔地搂着我，在我的手上写着：‘我爱海伦。’‘什么是爱？’我问道。她把我拉到身边，指着我的心脏说，‘爱在这里。’……她的话令我非常困惑，因为以往我只有触碰到实际物体，才能理解它的意思。” 尽管对海伦来说，爱的意义还不明确，但她一直试着理解。“我闻了闻她手里的紫罗兰，半拼写半比画地问了个问题，意思大概是‘爱是花朵的香味吗？’‘不，’我的老师回答道。” 一天和老师在室外，海伦感受到了阳光的温暖。她指了指太阳，问老师那是不是爱。老师说不是，海伦感到更困惑了，而且有些失望。“我觉得很奇怪，因为我的老师不能给我表示什么是爱。” “think”这个词对海伦来说也很难理解，因为它很抽象。然而有一天，在做一项简单的任务时，她取得了突破。她正在安妮的帮助下做项链，这时她发现自己犯了一些错。海伦不确定该如何解决，便停下来认真思考。在她思考的时候，安妮点了点海伦的额头，在她的手上写“think”这个词。“瞬间我就明白了，我头脑中进行的活动就是这个词的意思。” 那是海伦第一次明白了这样一个复杂的词——一个她触摸不到的东西的含义。这时，海伦又想起了“love”。她再次思考“love”是什么意思，恰巧这时太阳出来了。海伦指着太阳又问老师那是不是爱。安妮解释道，爱在某种程度上就像太阳和云彩。 “你知道吗，你摸不到云彩，但是你能感觉到雨……你也触摸不到爱，但是你能感觉到爱给万物带来的甜蜜。没有爱，你就不会快乐，也不会想玩耍。” 就在那个动人的时刻，海伦终于明白了“love”这个词语蕴含的美丽的真谛。 [难词注解] ①by the time 到……时 ②have a tendency to 有……的趋势 ③recommend to 推荐给 ④as well 也 ⑤relate to 与……相关 ⑥start with 以……开始 ⑦play with 和……一起玩 ⑧on her hand 在她的手上 ⑨hold up 抓住 ⑩flow over 流下 ⑪spell out 拼写出 ⑫mean doing 意味着…… ⑬open up to 向……敞开 ⑭the key to ……的关键 ⑮be eager to 渴望…… ⑯be enthusiastic about 对……热衷 ⑰more and more 越来越多 ⑱lead ...to 引领…… ⑲bring sth. to Sb. 把某物带给某人 ⑳point to 指向 kept on doing 继续做 with the help of 在……的帮助下 stop to 停下来去做 in a flash 瞬间 come out 出来 in a way 在某种程度上 pour into 灌注 [难句分析] ❶本句是一个主从复合句。By the time是名词性短语，作从属连词引导时间状语从句，主句中and连接并列的谓语。 ❷本句是一个主从复合句。because引导表语从句。 ❸本句是一个主从复合句。so that引导目的状语从句。 ❹本句是一个主从复合句。When引导时间状语从句，主句中it was a game为省略了引导词that的宾语从句。 ❺本句是一个主从复合句，as引导时间状语从句，主句中that引导宾语从句。 ❻本句使用了“be doing ...when”结构，意为“正当……这时突然……”，that引导宾语从句，作动词noticed的宾语。 ❼本句使用了“It was the first time+从句”结构。破折号后she couldn't touch为省略了关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词something。 [对应学生用书P53] 1 promote vt.促进,增进 promotes social development 促进社会发展 ►情景探究 ①This will help foreigners better join the society and promote understanding across cultures. 这将帮助外国人更好地融入社会，促进跨文化理解。 ②While waiting for the opportunity to get promoted，Henry did his best to perform his duty. 在等待机会被提拔期间，亨利尽最大努力履行好自己的职责。 ③Fortunately，Helen has been promoted to general manager. 幸运的是，海伦已经被提升为总经理。 ►要点突破 ①promote Sb. to sth. 把某人提升到某个职位上 promote economic growth 促进经济增长 promote better communication and understanding 促进更好的沟通与理解 fail to get promoted 没有得到晋升 ②promoter n.促进者，发起人 ③promotion n.提升；提拔;促销活动 Painters, digital media experts, photographers, booking agents and promoters are hired to sell tickets and promote the event. 聘请画家、数字媒体专家、摄影师、订票代理和促销员来销售门票并宣传这项活动。 ►学以致用 [单句填空] ①I was promoted to editor and then editorial director. ②Well, it has no ads or promotions（promote） inside—instead it is jampacked with serious ideas. [完成句子] ③来自山东济南的高二女生王亚飞指出，文件共享是推广流行歌手的好方法。 Wang Yafei, a Senior 2 girl from Jinan, Shandong Province pointed out that file sharing is a good way to promote pop singers. ④我们所有的项目都旨在促进贫困和偏远社区的发展。 All our projects aim to promote the development of poor and remote communities. 2 insist vi.坚称;坚持主张 Well, for example, the first great educational philosopher of modern times, Comenius, insisted that when teaching, the subject matter should be adapted to learners’ interests, and the method of instruction should be consistent with their mental development. 嗯，例如，现代第一个伟大的教育哲学家夸美纽斯坚持认为，教学的主题应该适应学习者的兴趣，教学的方法应该与他们的智力发展相一致。 ►情景探究 ①He insisted that we （should） swap our ideas from time to time. 他坚决要求我们时不时地交换想法。 ②Others insist that with children under increasing pressure to devote their downtime to internships or study, there’s still room for an institution that protects the lazy days of childhood. 另一些人则坚持认为，随着孩子们面临要把他们的休息时间用于实习或学习越来越大的压力，（教育）机构仍然有保护童年慵懒时光的空间。 ③They were insistent on having a contract for the work. 他们坚持要就这项工作立一份合同。 ④At her insistence, the plan to go swimming in the water was dropped. 在她的坚持下，去游泳的计划被搁置了。 ►要点突破 ①insist作“坚持主张”讲，谓语动词用虚拟语气（should +动词原形，should可省略）。作“坚称”讲，从句用陈述语气，用所需的各种时态。 ②insist on坚决要求 insist on doing执意继续做 ③insistence n.坚持，强调；坚决主张 insistence on sth./on doing sth./that ...坚持做…… at one’s insistence 在某人的坚持下 ④insistent adj.坚决要求的；坚持的；固执的 be insistent on sth./on doing sth./that ... 坚决要求…… She insisted that the man had stolen her wallet and that he (should) be sent to the police station. 她坚持说那个人偷了她的钱包，并坚决要求把他送到警察局。 ►学以致用 [单句填空] ①They insisted upon being（be) given every detail of the case. ②We insisted on a refund of the full amount. ③Mohammed Ali Jinnah’s insistence（insist) on this point through negotiations with the British government resulted in the separation of India and the formation of the state of Pakistan on 14 August 1947. [完成句子] ④我坚决要求这个工程按计划开展。 I insist that the project （should）be carried out on schedule. ⑤爸爸坚持让我们每天至少学习一件新东西。 Papa insisted that we learn/should learn at least one new thing each day. 3 relate vi.理解;相联系 She’d had eyesight problems early in life as well so she could relate to Helen’s difficulties. 她小时候视力也有障碍，所以更能理解海伦所面临的困境。 ►情景探究 ①It’s necessary that you should remember and understand all the contents that teachers mentioned in classes, because the exams are related to these contents. 记住并理解老师在课堂上提到的所有内容是很有必要的，因为考试都与这些内容有关。 ②If there are really huge magma chambers in the area, we should have found some related seismic activities—when the lower chamber fills the upper one, there should be some movement. 如果该地区真的有巨大的岩浆房，我们应该会发现一些相关的地震活动——当下部岩浆房充满上部岩浆房时，应该会有一些运动。 ►要点突破 ①relate ...to/with ...把……与……联系起来 relate to 和……有关；认同/理解（别人的问题、处境等） ②related adj.相关的；有亲属关系的 be related to 和……有联系，和……有关；与……有亲戚关系 ③relative adj.相对的，相应的 n.亲戚 be relative to 关于；相对于 ④relation n.关系，联系 in relation to 与……有关 ⑤relatively adv.相对地；比较地 relatively speaking 相比较而言 ⑥relationship n.关系，联系；血缘关系 ►学以致用 [单句填空] ①In an attempt to promote the parent-child relationship（relate) and encourage independence in students, an activity with the theme of “sharing housework in the family” is being held by the Students’ Union. ②In fact, traffic rules are part of the rules and regulations closely related（relate) to public order. [完成句子] ③但安德森认为，看电视的时间长短与阅读能力无关。 But according to Anderson,the amount of time spent watching television is not related to reading ability. ④第一棵植物的损坏通常更严重，但相对来说，邻居们更安全，因为他们会听到警报，知道该做什么。 The damage is usually more serious on the first plant, but the neighbors, relatively speaking, stay safer because they can hear the alarm and know what to do. ⑤范德比尔特大学为您提供了许多与课程、体育等相关的社团。 Vanderbilt University provides you with many societies related to courses, sports and more. 4 excitement n. 兴奋,激动 She wrote about her excitement later in her book, The Story of My Life ... 后来在《我的人生故事》一书中，海伦描述了自己的兴奋之情…… ►情景探究 Not only can listening exercises bring great mental excitement, but learning a new language can also reduce your risk of cognitive drop. 不但听力练习能带来巨大的精神兴奋,而且学习一门新语言也可以降低你的认知下降的风险。 ►要点突破 ①to one’s excitement 令人兴奋的是 in excitement 兴奋地 a sense of excitement 兴奋感 be full of/filled with excitement 满怀激动 hide/control one’s excitement 掩饰/控制某人的激动 be trembling with excitement 激动得直发抖 scream with excitement 激动得尖叫 ②excite vt.使兴奋 ③exciting adj.令人兴奋的 ④excited adj.兴奋的 exciting/excited exciting 表性质，常修饰物 excited 表状态，常修饰人以及人的声音、表情等 ►学以致用 [单句填空] ①In her excitement（excite)，she didn’t seem to realize that she was sharing the baby’s photos with a complete stranger. ②Exercise energizes you，so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited（excite). [完成句子] ③每当我和妈妈把“伙伴们”送到代理处，孩子们会低着头在那里等着。孩子们太害羞以至于不敢抬头看，但是兴奋得浑身发抖。 Whenever Mom and I delivered the “buddies” to the agencies, the kids would be waiting there with their eyes down, too shy to look up but shaking with excitement. 5 enthusiastic adj.热心的,热衷的 However, because Helen was so enthusiastic about learning, the results were amazing. 然而，因为海伦对学习有极高的热情，学习成果令人吃惊。 ►情景探究 ①Touched by their enthusiastic expression of affection, Mabry thanked them all. 马布里被他们热情洋溢的感情所感动，感谢了他们所有人。 ②You don’t sound very enthusiastic about the idea. 你好像对这个想法不太感兴趣。 ③She was even less enthusiastic about going to Spain. 她对去西班牙更是不感兴趣。 ►要点突破 ①be/become enthusiastic about （doing） sth. 对（做）某事感兴趣，对（做）某事热心 an enthusiastic supporter 一名热心的支持者 an enthusiastic welcome 热烈欢迎 ②enthusiasm n.热情，热忱 with (great) enthusiasm (非常）热情地 full of enthusiasm 充满热情 ►学以致用 [单句填空] ①My dad is an enthusiastic runner who greatly influenced me when I was young. ②The pedestrians are enthusiastic about the construction. [完成句子] ③这次失败对他来说是个大的打击，但是他并未感到沮丧并且很快变得和以前一样充满热情。 The failure was a big blow to him，but he wasn't discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic as ever. 6 keep on doing sth.继续做某事 Although the meaning of love was still not apparent to Helen, she kept on trying to understand it. 尽管对海伦来说，爱的意义还不明确，但她一直试着理解。 ►情景探究 ①With high motivation and enthusiasm，we can keep on learning. 有了高度的动机和热情，我们可以继续学习。 ②—I get at least half an hour of exercise almost every day. —Oh， great! Keep it up. ——我几乎每天至少锻炼半小时。 ——哦，太好了!坚持下去。 ③Ray will earn his keep on local farms while studying. 学习期间，雷将在当地农场挣取生活费。 ►要点突破 ①keep on 继续 ②keep off (Sb./sth.) 避开；不接近(某人/某物) ③keep away 使离开，远离 ④keep out of 躲开；置身于……之外 ⑤keep sth. up继续；保持/维持(某事物) ⑥keep up with 跟上；不落后于；赶上 ⑦keep Sb. doing sth. 使某人一直做某事 ⑧keep Sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 ①keep doing sth.与keep on doing sth.都表示“反复/不断地做某事”，通常可以互换。但keep doing sth.强调动作或状态的持续；keep on doing sth.强调动作的反复。 ②keep on后不可接表示静止状态的动名词，因为其本身已含有这层意思，如不可说keep on sitting/lying/sleeping/standing。 ►学以致用 [单句填空] ①Reading satisfies my desire to keep learning（learn）. ②Absent a solution, people like Sue Godfrey will just keep on fighting（fight）. ③Unwilling to be exposed to the sunlight, he drew the curtain to keep it off. [完成句子] ④为了你自己的安全，请远离老虎笼。 For your own safety，please keep away from the tiger cage. 7 disappointed adj.失望的,沮丧的 When her teacher said that it wasn’t, she was confused and disappointed. 老师说不是，海伦感到更困惑了，而且有些失望。 ►情景探究 ①But to my disappointment, he didn’t turn up. It was almost a week later before I finally spotted him again. 但令我失望的是，他没有出现。 差不多过了一个星期，我才再次看到他。 ②This small seaside village is such a perfect place for holidays that visitors never leave it feeling disappointed. 这个海边小村庄是度假的完美去处，游客们从不会失望地离开。 ►要点突破 ①be disappointed at/by sth. 对某事感到失望 be disappointed with/in Sb. 对某人感到失望 be disappointed to do sth. 因做某事而感到失望 be disappointed that ... 因……而感到失望 ②disappointment n.失望 to one’s disappointment 令某人失望的是 ③disappoint vt.使失望 ④disappointing adj.令人失望的 ►学以致用 [单句填空] ①The city was crowded with disappointed（disappoint) people with no interest in settling down. ②Being the coach of the new team, I was excited because I knew we were going to win, but to my disappointment（disappoint) we were defeated. ③I like all of my teachers and I will work hard to avoid disappointing（disappoint) them. [完成句子] ④但令我失望的是，母亲把我从窗口引开，解释说她和父亲买不起这么贵的娃娃。 But to my disappointment, my mother guided me away from the window, explaining that she and my father could not afford such an expensive doll. 1 as ...as Sb. can/could Now that Helen grasped the key to language, she was very eager to learn more and use it as much as she could. 由于海伦理解了语言的关键，她非常渴望学习更多语言，并且尽可能多地使用它。 ►情景探究 Keep your pets inside as much as you can when the weather is bad. 当天气不好的时候，尽量让你的宠物待在室内。 ►要点突破 as ...as Sb. can/could=as ... as possible 第一个as后需要跟形容词或副词的原级。 ①come as soon as you can/could尽可能快地来 ②drive as fast as you can/could尽可能快地驾驶 ③run out as quickly as you can/could尽可能迅速地跑出来 ④walk as far as you can/could走得尽可能远些 ⑤read as much as you can/could尽可能多地读书 ►学以致用 [完成句子] ①我把尽可能多的信息告诉了店主，然后回家看看晚上会有什么消息。 I gave the owner as much information as possible and headed home to see what news the night might bring. ②尽可能快地再写一封电子邮件，并附上一个简短的标题发送出去，说明这是正确的版本。 Write another email as swiftly as you can and send it with a brief title explaining that this is the correct version. 2 It is/was the first time+从句 It was the first time Helen had understood such a complex word—a word for something she couldn’t touch. 那是海伦第一次明白了这样一个复杂的词——一个她触摸不到的东西的含义。 ►情景探究 Mo Yan won the Nobel Prize in Literature. It was the first time that Chinese writer had won such an important award. 莫言获得了诺贝尔文学奖，这是中国作家第一次获得如此重要的奖项。 ►要点突破 ①如果主句中的be 动词是is，从句用现在完成时。 It/This/That is the first/second ...time that ... have done 这/那是……第一/二……次做某事。 ②如果主句中的be 动词是was，从句用过去完成时。 It/This/That was the first/second ...time that ... had done 这/那是……第一/二……次做某事。 ►学以致用 [单句填空] ①It is the first time that I have heard（hear) thunder this year. [完成句子] ②那是爸爸第一次在紧急时刻指望我。 That was the first time Dad had counted on me in a moment of emergency. ③而且这是我第一次游览你的家乡。 And this is the first time I’ve visited your hometown. [对应学生用书P75] 1.He was continually dreaming up new techniques to promote（增进） the business. 2.While the clip might look like part of a new ad campaign, Bridges said the only goal was to show generosity and sympathy（同情）. 3.The team are working hard to analyse（分析） the problem so that they can find the best solution. 4.The result will help to predict some major and severe（严重的） diseases and your preference for diet and remind you of suitable ways to exercise. 5.They are unbearable（难以忍受的） to work in the family business. 6.It is no use giving an explanation. He is so stubborn（固执的） that he won't listen. 7.Echo is a superb（极好的） lyrebird(琴鸟), an Australian bird named for the shape of its tail. 8.It is possible to visit the Forbidden City and appreciate the precious（宝贵的） cultural heritage of China in half to one day. 9.Jennifer practices white collar and complex（复杂的） criminal suits, defending against various forms of Internet crimes. 10.Our breakthrough（突破） demonstrates that synthesizing(合成) complex compound like starch is achievable in a lab, and there are many industries that can benefit from this technology. 1.Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid1980s, and are expensive to perform consistently（consistent） over a large area. 2.A total of 5,816 designs were received from 35 countries, and were reviewed by Chinese and international experts in a comprehensive evaluation（evaluate） and selection process. 3.Known as the “blue eye of Siberia”, Lake Baikal has exceptionally（exceptional） clear waters. 4.It serves as enlightenment（enlighten）, inspiring people to observe public morals and cherish harmony, especially in disputes and conflicts. 5.Moreover,the tendency（tend） for universities to monitor and shape student behavior runs up against another characteristic of young adults. 6.Though this won't technically（technical） save you any money, corner rooms are usually a bit larger than regular rooms, which give you a better deal for your money. 7.The girl used to be shy, but is gradually（gradual） getting active in group work and is more willing to express herself. 8.Tom was very enthusiastic about the place. 9.I attempt to make others laugh. The results will apparently（apparent） reveal my humor type. 10.As the picture vividly（vivid） shows, a single tree does not make a forest, and countless water droplets converge into the sea. 1.他认为，养活世人的关键是更多更快地生产水稻。 He thought that the key to feeding people was to have more rice and to produce it more quickly. 2.因此，早点儿开始，在午餐前尽可能保持高效。 So, get an early start and try to keep as productive as possible before lunch. 3.随着交通、工业和环境的极大改善，这座新城已经成为700多万人的家园。 The new city has become a home to more than seven million people, with great improvements in transportation, industry,and environment. 4.这是她第三次赢得比赛，这使我们都感到惊讶。 It is the third time that she has won the race, which has surprised us all. 5.我们必须以同情和理解来处理这个问题。 We must tackle the problem with sympathy and understanding. Helen Keller was an exceptionally special girl. By the time she was seven years old, she still needed to have everything 1.done（do） for her by others. This was because she couldn't see or hear. With these severe restrictions to her 2.communication（communicate）, Helen's behaviour was often unbearable. Anne was a teacher and former student at a school for the blind in Boston. She'd had eyesight problems early in life as well so she could relate 3.to Helen's difficulties.Anne's technique to teach Helen language was simple and straightforward. Anne 4.spelt（spell） words by writing on Helen's hand so 5.that Helen could get a mental picture of the words. She started with the word “doll”. She would let Helen 6.play（play） with the doll, and then spell the letters “D-O-L-L” on her hand. When they 7.initially（initial） did this, Helen thought it was a game. This precious knowledge gave her hope and joy. Finally, she got the world of words opened up to her. Helen grasped the key to language, she was very eager 8.to learn（learn） more and use it as much as she could. Helen was so 9.enthusiastic（enthusiasm） about learning, the results were amazing. She knew the abstract word meaning. And in her book The Story of My Life, she describes 10.the process of learning. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$