必修三Unit 1 Nature in the balance 能力提升-2025届新高考英语一轮复习强基固本能力提升(译林版2020)

必修三Unit 1 Nature in the balance能力提升 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)(略) 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A (2024届江西省赣州市普通高等学校招生考前第三次模拟)These four people from around the world prove that, together, we can reshape the future of our planet. Diane Wilson In December 2019, Diane Wilson won a landmark case against Formosa Plastics, one of the world’s largest plastic companies, for getting rid of poisonous plastic waste illegally on Texas’ Gulf Coast. The $50 million settlement is the largest award in a citizen suit against an industrial polluter in the history of the US Clean Water Act. As a part of the settlement, Formosa Plastics agreed to stop throwing away plastic waste and fund remediation(补救)of affected local wetlands, beaches, and waterways. Delima Silalahi Delima Silalahi led a campaign to secure legal control of 17,824 acres of tropical(热带的)forest land for six indigenous communities in North Sumatra, Indonesia. Her community’s activism reclaimed this territory from a pulp(纸浆)and paper company. The six communities have begun restoring the forests, creating valuable carbon sinks of biodiverse Indonesian tropical forest.Tero Mustonen Since April 2018, Tero Mustonen has led the restoration of 62 severely destroyed former industrial peat(泥炭)mining and forestry sites throughout Finland—totaling 86,000 acres—and transformed them into productive, biodiverse wetlands and habitats. Rich in organic matter, peatlands are highly effective carbon sinks. Roughly one-third of Finland’s surface area is made up of peatlands. Alessandra Korap Munduruku Alessandra Korap Munduruku organised community efforts to stop mining development by British mining company Anglo American in Brazil’s Amazon rainforest. In May 2021, the company formally committed itself to withdrawing 27 approved research applications to mine inside indigenous territories, including the Sawré Muybu Indigenous Territory, which contains more than 400,000 acres of rainforest. The decision protects a critically threatened area of the Amazon from further mining and deforestation. 21. Who filed a suit against a company? A. Diane Wilson. B. Tero Mustonen. C. Delima Silalahi. D. Alessandra Korap Munduruku. 22. Which of the following was Tero Mustonen devoted to? A. Promoting the industrial peat mining. B. Repairing the damage done to peatlands. C. Restoring biodiverse wetlands and habitats. D. Controlling the development of carbon stores. 23. What can we infer about the people mentioned in the text? A. They are highly creative. B. They are very considerate. C. They are human rights activists. D. They are environmental defenders. B (2024届云南省西双版纳傣族自治州勐海县中学高三下学期高考适应性考试)Thai wildlife officials have laid out a plan to bring peace to a central Thai city after at least a decade of human-monkey conflict. The monkeys that hang around Lopburi are a major tourist draw. But after years of conflicts with residents and visitors, and several failed attempts to bring peace with population controls, local people and businesses have had enough. The monkeys often try to take food from humans, sometimes leaving people with injuries. In March a woman got her knee hurt after a monkey pulled her off her feel, and another man was knocked off a motorcycle by a hungry monkey. The authorities hope to catch some 2,500 monkeys and place them in massive wildlife preserves, said Athapol Charoenshunsa, the director-general of the Department of National parks, Wildlife and plant Conservation. They’ll work with wildlife experts to find a way for a limited number of monkeys to stay freely in the city, he added. “I don’t want humans to have to hurt monkeys, and I don’t want monkeys to have to hurt humans,” he told reporters during a news conference in Bangkok. “I expect the first period of the operation to start within weeks, and I believe the wildlife preserve will be able to contain(容纳)thousands of them and will solve the problem very quickly.” Athapol said they are also working in other areas of Thailand that are facing problems with monkeys. He said 52 of the country’s 77 provinces often report monkey problems. The monkeys are said to be a symbol of the province, about 140 kilometers north of Bangkok, where the ancient Three Pagodas temple celebrates a yearly “Monkey Buffet” festival. However, some have complained about the city’s monkey troubles on tourists and residents feeding the animals, which they say drew monkeys into the city, helped with their numbers, and got them used to getting food from humans. 24. What does the underlined phrase “have had enough” mean in Paragraph 2? A. They are fond of those moneys. B. They hope to feed more monkeys. C. They are troubled by those monkeys. D. They want to protect those monkeys. 25. How will the authorities deal with those monkeys? A. Cut off the monkey’s food supply. B. Catch them for use as research subjects. C. Enclose them in a zoo to entertain tourists. D. Cut down the numbers of them in the town. 26. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. The significance of those monkeys. B. People’s different opinions on those monkeys. C. The environmental problems caused by those monkeys. D. Reasons why monkeys become a symbol of the province. 27. Which is the most suitable title for the text? A. Thailand Residents Suffered from Too Many Tourists B. Thailand Decides to Limit Monkeys in Tourist Town C. Monkeys Serve Special Meaning in the Thailand Town D. People in Thailand Try to Improve the Life of Monkeys C (广东省揭阳市汕尾市2023-2024学年高三上学期1月期末)Last month, a part of the Negro River in the Amazon rainforest reduced to a depth of just 12.7 metres, its lowest level in 120 years, due to the lack of rainfall. In Lake Tefé, about 500 kilometres away, more than 150 river dolphins were found dead, not because of the low water levels, but probably because the lake had reached temperatures close to 40℃. “The Amazon rainforest in northern Brazil is experiencing a tough time and it is the sum of three things,” says Luciana Gatti, a researcher at Brazil’s National Institute. “The first is deforestation, which is turning rainforest into a drier, hotter place,” she says. “Additionally, El Ninio climate pattern has begun and it makes things worse,” adds Gatti. El Niño is a phenomenon which occurs every two to seven years. During El Niño, winds that usually blow from east to west along the equator(赤道)are weakened or even turn the other way round. This leads to the change of rainfall in South America, causing dry air in the north, where the rainforest lies, and damp air in the south. As a result, countries in the south are currently greeted by heavy rains, while the Amazon is experiencing the lowest rainfall levels from July to September in 40 years. The third factor is the unusual warming of the water in the northern Atlantic Ocean. The warming of these waters causes the Inter Tropical Convergence Zone(热带辐合带), a region of intense cloud and rain formation, to shift north. The ITCZ takes the storms with it, away from Brazil, and causes less rainfall than usual. Although it is hard to predict when the next drought might strike the Amazon, studies show that climate change is messing with the timing of El Niño. “The tendency is that we have stronger and more frequent crises,” Gatti says. This could be a disaster for the Amazon rainforest, already hit by deforestation and a warming, drying climate.” The forest’s tipping point is coming closer—and it’s coming quick. 28. What phenomenon does the author describe at the beginning of the text? A. The climate change and flood. B. The extreme drought and heat. C. The severe pollution and extinction. D. The wildlife death and deforestation. 29. According to Gatti, why does El Niño make things worse? A. The east wind brings hot air. B. The west wind causes heavy rain. C. The high temperature has decreased damp air. D. The wind direction has affected the rainfall pattern. 30. What can be inferred about the Inter Tropical Convergence Zone from paragraph 4? A. It produces rainfall in Brazil. B. It carries clouds to rainforest. C. Its movement worsens the drought. D. Its formation raises the water temperature. 31. What is Gatti’s attitude to the future of the Amazon rainforest? A. Concerned. B. Unclear. C. Positive. D. Objective. D (2024届宁夏吴忠市高考模拟联考试卷二)The sound of leaves underfoot is usually associated with autumn. But this year, it was the soundtrack to summer walks across Europe, as maximum temperature records fell and the continent suffered its worst drought in 500 years. The drought had been building for months after a dry winter and spring, but it was worse by a series of fierce heatwaves over the summer, says Sim on Parry at the UK Centre for Ecology &Hydrology. In France, nuclear power plants were forced to reduce their output as low river flows meant there wasn’t enough water to cool their reactors. Water levels on the Rhine river dropped so far that ships loaded with goods in Germany and the Netherlands, including coal and petrol, were unable to travel. Besides, farmers saw crops wither(枯萎). Harvests of soya-beans and sunflower seeds were predicted to fall by between12 and 16 percent. This was a crisis caused in large part by climate change, says Richard Allan, who is also at the University of Reading. “Warming due to human-caused climate change made this event much more extreme,” he says. Studies suggest that the drought was made at least 20 times more likely by global warming. However, that missing rainfall ends up somewhere, says Peter Gleick at the Pacific Institute in California. This year’s disastrous floods in countries including Australia and Pakistan are the “flip side” of the droughts, he says. “The droughts and the extreme floods that we are seeing are tied together, and are part and parcel of the broader challenge of climate change,” says Gleick. In the wake of a drought, it is critical that nature gets time to recover. But for Europe, this was the second severe drought in four years. “My grass has already recovered from this summer... but if I had a tree that survived it, that would take 10 years or more to get back to a normal state,” says Niko Wanders at Utrecht University in the Netherlands. 32. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning the sound? A. To show the seasonal cycle. B. To describe the beauty of autumn. C. To emphasize the dry weather. D. To clarify trees’ survival mode. 33. What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about? A. The reduction of river water. B. The duration(持续)of the drought. C. The causes of various losses. D. The consequences of the disaster. 34. Which is probably the best way to tackle climate change according to the text? A. Expanding climate monitoring. B. Improving human behavior. C. Promoting natural restoration. D. Balancing water distribution. 35. What is the author’s attitude toward the climate change trend in Europe? A. Conservative. B. Unclear. C. Concerned. D. Hopeful. 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 (2024届广西壮族自治区河池市高三下学期二模) Save the Earth from Declining Biodiversity Plants and animals depend on each other for survival. Find out why this biodiversity is so important and how you can help. Skip the selfie(自拍照). Riding elephants, holding monkeys, and taking photos with little lion might seem fun, but these animals might have been caught from the wild and aren’t being properly cared for. Avoid these activities on vacation unless you know the group is trustworthy and not treating animals cruelly. ___36___ Stand up for scary animals. Some people are afraid of animals like wolves, sharks, and bats and try to harm them. ___37___ Because they keep their habitats healthy. So tell everyone how amazing they are. Bad plants. ___38___ They can destroy native species and shake up the whole ecosystem. You can help. Sign up to help remove invasive plants at a local park or nature centre. Lights off. Birds can become confused by bright nighttime lights, causing them to crash into windows or fly in circles until they’re very tired. ___39___ You can also talk to your parents about turning off the lights at their high-rise offices. ___40___ Bring binoculars(望远镜)on an outdoor adventure to enjoy wildlife from afar. That way you don’t disturb animals, which can change their behaviour. Critters(生物)are better off spending energy looking for food or caring for young—not hiding from you! A. Look—Don’t touch. B. But these animals are super important. C. A large number of birds die from these. D. We should make an effort to protect local species. E. Ask your parents not to “like” similar photos on social media. F. Invasive species are plants and animals that don’t belong in a habitat. G. Turn off unnecessary lights at night in the spring and fall when birds are migrating. 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 (改编自2024·全国·模拟预测)Watering my plants and watching my grandkids run around my vegetable garden, I was filled with joy. They are my ___41___ to save the earth, I thought. Six years ago, though, I ___42___ gave the environment a second thought. Busily working in family day care, and a mum of three, I ___43___ products without hesitation. Things like throwing out leftover vegetables without care and shopping for fast fashion were part of my everyday ___44___. Then, one day in January, I ___45___ an article online about palm oil(棕榈油), and its ___46___ effects on our rainforests and wildlife. My husband and I had just changed our ___47___ then, becoming grandparents. “We need to ___48___ the world,” I told him. It was not going to be easy, but we ___49___ to start somewhere. So while doing the shopping, I ___50___ every label to make sure the product was ___51___ from palm oil, a leading cause of deforestation. I even started my own vegetable garden and raised chicks. Soon, I became known as Eco Granny! I love walking through my garden, with my little ___52___ closely following me. It is also ___53___to teach my grandkids to do what I do. They all offer to help pick vegetables. And ___54___ one lady’s message of “Your post motivated me to make a change”, I more firmly believe if I can go ___55___ and be an inspiration, anyone can! 41. A. profit B. chance C. reason D. attempt 42. A. specifically B. barely C. carefully D. seriously 43. A. wasted B. stored C. selected D. consumed 44. A. practices B. struggles C. preferences D. tasks 45. A. wrote down B. came across C. went over D. come up with 46. A. decisive B. economic C. potential D. destructive 47. A. mind B. strategy C. identity D. position 48. A. rebuild B. better C. organize D. refresh 49. A. arranged B. applied C. determined D. demanded 50. A. checked B. tracked C. recorded D. attached 51. A. distinct B. safe C. free D. far 52. A. customers B. applicants C. servants D. shadows 53. A. rewarding B. necessary C. challenging D. reasonable 54. A. regardless of B. apart from C. but for D. thanks to 55. A. green B. healthy C. farther D. forward 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (改编自辽宁省凌源市2023-2024学年高三下学期4月联考)Cheng Yongmao was born in a village in Huairou, Beijing and began to learn the skill of building under the guidance of his uncle in 1972. Although he didn’t receive a 56 (high)education, his practical experience enabled him to readily take in the theories, which 57 turn improvedhis skills significantly. Cheng received his first Great Wall assignment in 2004. He led a construction team of dozens of members, most of 58 came from mountainous areas in neighboring Hebei province and were 59 (consequent) good at hiking up and down the peaks. In 2016, he started to work on the Jiankou section, which 60 (consider)one of the most dangerous parts of the Great Wall in Beijing and is known by hikers as the “Wild Wall”. The toughest place is called Yingfei Daoyang(Eagle Flies Upside Down), 61 (suggest)that even an eagle would have to fly straight up, 62 its beak pointing up directly toward the sky to fly over this spot. Working there is dangerous, but under Cheng’s leadership, the workers adapted to the challenging environment and built 63 their strength. After years of efforts, the section has regained its historical 64 (appear). “Protecting the Great Wall is my responsibility,” he said, “As long as I can climb up the mountain, I’ll do my best to lead my team, especially to assist them in gaining experience 65 making their due contributions.” 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文(满分15分) (2024届四川省泸县五中高三一模)近年来，地球上的自然灾害越来越频发。假设你校英文报正在征集环保主题征文，请你写一封倡议书进行投稿，呼吁大家关注自然灾害并保护环境。 内容包括：1.列举自然灾害实例； 2.提出一些必要的防范措施； 3.号召大家采取行动保护地球。 注意：1.词数100左右； 2.开头已给出，不计入总词数。 As we all know, over the past years, floods, earthquakes and sandstorms have happened frequently. ________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 读后续写(满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 (2024届安徽省阜阳市皖江名校联盟高三下学期模拟联考最后一卷)Leo and Matt, both aged 16, are best friends who shared a passion for environmental sustainability. They were both students at a bustling high school in the heart of the city, a school that was infamous for its morning and afternoon traffic jams. The narrow streets leading to the school were always clogged(堵塞)with cars, buses, and bicycles, causing a great deal of inconvenience and pollution. “Look what we are suffering every day!” complained Leo. “Isn’t there a solution to the problem?” Matt sighed. They decided to take matters into their own hands and find a solution to the sticky problem. Initially, they made some speeches, distributed leaflets and volunteered to relieve the traffic congestion(拥堵), trying to persuade some parents to park their cars a little farther away the school and not to use cars too often. But two weeks passed, there was nothing better. Then they realized it was no easy work to deal with the trouble. They needed more hands for help and a well-thought-out plan for it. They first gathered ten schoolmates who shared the same ambition. Then they started to conduct a thorough survey to understand the root causes of the traffic congestion. They interviewed students, teachers, and parents, as well as observed the traffic patterns during different times of the day. They learned that the majority of the congestion was caused by parents dropping off and picking up their children, as well as the lack of sufficient parking spaces. Armed with this information, the team designed a detailed plan. They proposed the creation of a carpool system for students, encouraging them to share rides to reduce the number of vehicles on the road. They also suggested dedicated drop-off and pick-up zones, clearly marked with signage, to help streamline the process. To further reduce congestion, they advocated for the construction of bike racks(架子)and encourage students to cycle to school. They even proposed a rewards system for those who chose sustainable modes of transportation. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右。 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: With their plan in hand, Leo and Matt presented it to the school authorities. __________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: A few months passing by, the school traffic congestion had significantly improved. ____________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 必修三Unit 1 Nature in the balance能力提升 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)(略) 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A (2024届江西省赣州市普通高等学校招生考前第三次模拟)These four people from around the world prove that, together, we can reshape the future of our planet. Diane Wilson In December 2019, Diane Wilson won a landmark case against Formosa Plastics, one of the world’s largest plastic companies, for getting rid of poisonous plastic waste illegally on Texas’ Gulf Coast. The $50 million settlement is the largest award in a citizen suit against an industrial polluter in the history of the US Clean Water Act. As a part of the settlement, Formosa Plastics agreed to stop throwing away plastic waste and fund remediation(补救)of affected local wetlands, beaches, and waterways. Delima Silalahi Delima Silalahi led a campaign to secure legal control of 17,824 acres of tropical(热带的)forest land for six indigenous communities in North Sumatra, Indonesia. Her community’s activism reclaimed this territory from a pulp(纸浆)and paper company. The six communities have begun restoring the forests, creating valuable carbon sinks of biodiverse Indonesian tropical forest.Tero Mustonen Since April 2018, Tero Mustonen has led the restoration of 62 severely destroyed former industrial peat(泥炭)mining and forestry sites throughout Finland—totaling 86,000 acres—and transformed them into productive, biodiverse wetlands and habitats. Rich in organic matter, peatlands are highly effective carbon sinks. Roughly one-third of Finland’s surface area is made up of peatlands. Alessandra Korap Munduruku Alessandra Korap Munduruku organised community efforts to stop mining development by British mining company Anglo American in Brazil’s Amazon rainforest. In May 2021, the company formally committed itself to withdrawing 27 approved research applications to mine inside indigenous territories, including the Sawré Muybu Indigenous Territory, which contains more than 400,000 acres of rainforest. The decision protects a critically threatened area of the Amazon from further mining and deforestation. 21. Who filed a suit against a company? A. Diane Wilson. B. Tero Mustonen. C. Delima Silalahi. D. Alessandra Korap Munduruku. 22. Which of the following was Tero Mustonen devoted to? A. Promoting the industrial peat mining. B. Repairing the damage done to peatlands. C. Restoring biodiverse wetlands and habitats. D. Controlling the development of carbon stores. 23. What can we infer about the people mentioned in the text? A. They are highly creative. B. They are very considerate. C. They are human rights activists. D. They are environmental defenders. 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 【语篇导读】本文为一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了世界上四个人为地球所做出的贡献。 21.细节理解题。根据文章中Diane Wilson部分中“In December 2019, Diane Wilson won a landmark case against Formosa Plastics, one of the world’s largest plastic companies, for getting rid of poisonous plastic waste illegally on Texas’ Gulf Coast.(2019年12月，黛安·威尔逊赢得了一场具有里程碑意义的诉讼，起诉世界上最大的塑料公司之一台塑(Formosa Plastics)在德克萨斯州墨西哥湾沿岸非法处理有毒塑料废物)”可知，黛安·威尔逊起诉了一家公司，故选A。 22.细节理解题。根据文章Tero Mustonen部分中“Since April 2018, Tero Mustonen has led the restoration of 62 severely destroyed former industrial peat(泥炭)mining and forestry sites throughout Finland—totaling 86,000 acres—and transformed them into productive, biodiverse wetlands and habitats.(自2018年4月以来，Tero Mustonen领导了芬兰各地62个严重破坏的前工业泥炭采矿和林业场所(总面积达8.6万英亩)的恢复工作，并将其转变为生产力高、生物多样性丰富的湿地和栖息地)”可知，Tero Mustonen致力于修复被严重破坏的前工业泥炭采矿和林业场所，故选B。 23.推理判断题。根据文章第一段“These four people from around the world prove that, together, we can reshape the future of our planet.(这四位来自世界各地的人证明，我们可以一起重塑地球的未来)”以及下文介绍了他们为了保护地球环境所做出的贡献。可知，他们是环境保护卫士，故选D。 B (2024届云南省西双版纳傣族自治州勐海县中学高三下学期高考适应性考试)Thai wildlife officials have laid out a plan to bring peace to a central Thai city after at least a decade of human-monkey conflict. The monkeys that hang around Lopburi are a major tourist draw. But after years of conflicts with residents and visitors, and several failed attempts to bring peace with population controls, local people and businesses have had enough. The monkeys often try to take food from humans, sometimes leaving people with injuries. In March a woman got her knee hurt after a monkey pulled her off her feel, and another man was knocked off a motorcycle by a hungry monkey. The authorities hope to catch some 2,500 monkeys and place them in massive wildlife preserves, said Athapol Charoenshunsa, the director-general of the Department of National parks, Wildlife and plant Conservation. They’ll work with wildlife experts to find a way for a limited number of monkeys to stay freely in the city, he added. “I don’t want humans to have to hurt monkeys, and I don’t want monkeys to have to hurt humans,” he told reporters during a news conference in Bangkok. “I expect the first period of the operation to start within weeks, and I believe the wildlife preserve will be able to contain(容纳)thousands of them and will solve the problem very quickly.” Athapol said they are also working in other areas of Thailand that are facing problems with monkeys. He said 52 of the country’s 77 provinces often report monkey problems. The monkeys are said to be a symbol of the province, about 140 kilometers north of Bangkok, where the ancient Three Pagodas temple celebrates a yearly “Monkey Buffet” festival. However, some have complained about the city’s monkey troubles on tourists and residents feeding the animals, which they say drew monkeys into the city, helped with their numbers, and got them used to getting food from humans. 24. What does the underlined phrase “have had enough” mean in Paragraph 2? A. They are fond of those moneys. B. They hope to feed more monkeys. C. They are troubled by those monkeys. D. They want to protect those monkeys. 25. How will the authorities deal with those monkeys? A. Cut off the monkey’s food supply. B. Catch them for use as research subjects. C. Enclose them in a zoo to entertain tourists. D. Cut down the numbers of them in the town. 26. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. The significance of those monkeys. B. People’s different opinions on those monkeys. C. The environmental problems caused by those monkeys. D. Reasons why monkeys become a symbol of the province. 27. Which is the most suitable title for the text? A. Thailand Residents Suffered from Too Many Tourists B. Thailand Decides to Limit Monkeys in Tourist Town C. Monkeys Serve Special Meaning in the Thailand Town D. People in Thailand Try to Improve the Life of Monkeys 【答案】24. C 25. D 26. B 27. B 【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了泰国当地居民和游客与猴子的冲突，以及当地政府和野生动物专家为解决这个问题所采取的措施。 24.词义猜测题。根据文章第二段“The monkeys that hang around Lopburi are a major tourist draw. But after years of conflicts with residents and visitors, and several failed attempts to bring peace with population controls…”(在华富里闲逛的猴子是吸引游客的主要景点。经过多年与居民和游客的冲突，以及多次试图通过数量控制来实现和平的失败尝试……)可推知，他们被那些猴子所困扰。“have had enough”表示当地人和商家已经对这些猴子的骚扰感到困扰，故选C。 25.细节理解题。根据文章第四段”The authorities hope to catch some 2,500 monkeys and place them in massive wildlife preserves, said Athapol Charoenshunsa, the director-general of the Department of National parks, Wildlife and plant Conservation. ”(当局希望捕捉大约2500只猴子，并将它们放置在大型的野生动物保护区中，国家公园、野生动物和植物保护部主任阿塔波尔·查罗恩顺萨说)可推知，当局将通过捕捉猴子并将它们放置在野生动物保护区中来减少城市中的猴子数量，故选D。 26.主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“The monkeys are said to be a symbol of the province, about 140 kilometers north of Bangkok, where the ancient Three Pagodas temple celebrates a yearly “Monkey Buffet” festival. However, some have complained about the city’s monkey troubles on tourists and residents feeding the animals, which they say drew monkeys into the city, helped with their numbers, and got them used to getting food from humans”(据说这些猴子是该省的象征，位于曼谷以北约140公里处，那里古老的三塔寺每年都会庆祝“猴子自助餐”节。然而，一些人抱怨说，游客和居民喂养猴子给城市带来了麻烦，他们说，这吸引了猴子进入城市，帮助增加了它们的数量，并使它们习惯了从人类那里获取食物)可知，本段主要讲述了人们对猴子的不同观点，故选B。 27.主旨大意题。根据全文内容，文章主要讲述了泰国当地居民和游客与猴子的冲突，以及当地政府和野生动物专家为解决这个问题所采取的措施，所以短文的标题为“泰国决定在旅游小镇限制猴子”，故选B。 C (广东省揭阳市汕尾市2023-2024学年高三上学期1月期末)Last month, a part of the Negro River in the Amazon rainforest reduced to a depth of just 12.7 metres, its lowest level in 120 years, due to the lack of rainfall. In Lake Tefé, about 500 kilometres away, more than 150 river dolphins were found dead, not because of the low water levels, but probably because the lake had reached temperatures close to 40℃. “The Amazon rainforest in northern Brazil is experiencing a tough time and it is the sum of three things,” says Luciana Gatti, a researcher at Brazil’s National Institute. “The first is deforestation, which is turning rainforest into a drier, hotter place,” she says. “Additionally, El Ninio climate pattern has begun and it makes things worse,” adds Gatti. El Niño is a phenomenon which occurs every two to seven years. During El Niño, winds that usually blow from east to west along the equator(赤道)are weakened or even turn the other way round. This leads to the change of rainfall in South America, causing dry air in the north, where the rainforest lies, and damp air in the south. As a result, countries in the south are currently greeted by heavy rains, while the Amazon is experiencing the lowest rainfall levels from July to September in 40 years. The third factor is the unusual warming of the water in the northern Atlantic Ocean. The warming of these waters causes the Inter Tropical Convergence Zone(热带辐合带), a region of intense cloud and rain formation, to shift north. The ITCZ takes the storms with it, away from Brazil, and causes less rainfall than usual. Although it is hard to predict when the next drought might strike the Amazon, studies show that climate change is messing with the timing of El Niño. “The tendency is that we have stronger and more frequent crises,” Gatti says. This could be a disaster for the Amazon rainforest, already hit by deforestation and a warming, drying climate.” The forest’s tipping point is coming closer—and it’s coming quick. 28. What phenomenon does the author describe at the beginning of the text? A. The climate change and flood. B. The extreme drought and heat. C. The severe pollution and extinction. D. The wildlife death and deforestation. 29. According to Gatti, why does El Niño make things worse? A. The east wind brings hot air. B. The west wind causes heavy rain. C. The high temperature has decreased damp air. D. The wind direction has affected the rainfall pattern. 30. What can be inferred about the Inter Tropical Convergence Zone from paragraph 4? A. It produces rainfall in Brazil. B. It carries clouds to rainforest. C. Its movement worsens the drought. D. Its formation raises the water temperature. 31. What is Gatti’s attitude to the future of the Amazon rainforest? A. Concerned. B. Unclear. C. Positive. D. Objective. 【答案】28. B 29. D 30. C 31. A 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了亚马逊雨林极度干旱和炎热原因。 28.推理判断题。根据第一段“Last month, a part of the Negro River in the Amazon rainforest reduced to a depth of just 12.7 metres, its lowest level in 120 years, due to the lack of rainfall. In Lake Tefé, about 500 kilometres away, more than 150 river dolphins were found dead, not because of the low water levels, but probably because the lake had reached temperatures close to 40 C.(上个月，由于降雨不足，亚马逊雨林内格罗河的部分水深降至仅12.7米，为120年来的最低水位。在大约500公里外的特菲湖(Lake Tefé)，有超过150只河豚被发现死亡，这并不是因为水位低，而是因为湖水温度达到了接近40摄氏度)”可知，降雨不足，内格罗河的部分水深降至仅12.7米，且湖水温度达到了接近40摄氏度，结合第二段中“The first is deforestation, which is turning rainforest into a drier, hotter place(首先是森林砍伐，这使得雨林变得更加干燥、炎热)”可推知，作者在文章的开头描述了极度干旱和炎热的天气，故选B。 29.细节理解题。根据第三段中““Additionally, El Ninio climate pattern has begun and it makes things worse,” adds Gatti. El Niño is a phenomenon which occurs every two to seven years. During El Niño, winds that usually blow from east to west along the equator(赤道)are weakened or even turn the other way round. This leads to the change of rainfall in South America, causing dry air in the north, where the rainforest lies, and damp air in the south.(“此外，厄尔尼诺气候模式已经开始，这让事情变得更糟，”加蒂补充道。厄尔尼诺现象每两到七年就会发生一次。厄尔尼诺现象期间，通常沿赤道自东向西吹的风会减弱，甚至逆转。这导致南美洲降雨量的变化，导致热带雨林所在的北部空气干燥，而南部空气潮湿)”可知，Gatti认为，厄尔尼诺现象会让事情变得更糟，这是因为风向影响了降雨模式，故选D。 30.推理判断题。根据第四段中“The warming of these waters causes the Inter Tropical Convergence Zone(热带辐合带), a region of intense cloud and rain formation, to shift north. The ITCZ takes the storms with it, away from Brazil, and causes less rainfall than usual.(这些水域变暖导致热带辐合带(一个云雨密集的区域)向北移动。ITCZ将风暴带离巴西，导致降雨量比平常少)”可知，热带辐合带将风暴带离巴西，导致降雨量比平常少，进而导致极度干旱和炎热。由此推知，热带辐合带的移动加剧了干旱，故选C。 31.推理判断题。根据最后一段中““The tendency is that we have stronger and more frequent crises,” Gatti says. This could be a disaster for the Amazon rainforest, already hit by deforestation and a warming, drying climate.”(加蒂表示：“趋势是我们面临的危机更加严重、更加频繁。对于已经受到森林砍伐和气候变暖、干燥影响的亚马逊雨林来说，这可能是一场灾难。”)”可推知，Gatti对亚马逊雨林的未来很担心，故选A。 D (2024届宁夏吴忠市高考模拟联考试卷二)The sound of leaves underfoot is usually associated with autumn. But this year, it was the soundtrack to summer walks across Europe, as maximum temperature records fell and the continent suffered its worst drought in 500 years. The drought had been building for months after a dry winter and spring, but it was worse by a series of fierce heatwaves over the summer, says Sim on Parry at the UK Centre for Ecology &Hydrology. In France, nuclear power plants were forced to reduce their output as low river flows meant there wasn’t enough water to cool their reactors. Water levels on the Rhine river dropped so far that ships loaded with goods in Germany and the Netherlands, including coal and petrol, were unable to travel. Besides, farmers saw crops wither(枯萎). Harvests of soya-beans and sunflower seeds were predicted to fall by between12 and 16 percent. This was a crisis caused in large part by climate change, says Richard Allan, who is also at the University of Reading. “Warming due to human-caused climate change made this event much more extreme,” he says. Studies suggest that the drought was made at least 20 times more likely by global warming. However, that missing rainfall ends up somewhere, says Peter Gleick at the Pacific Institute in California. This year’s disastrous floods in countries including Australia and Pakistan are the “flip side” of the droughts, he says. “The droughts and the extreme floods that we are seeing are tied together, and are part and parcel of the broader challenge of climate change,” says Gleick. In the wake of a drought, it is critical that nature gets time to recover. But for Europe, this was the second severe drought in four years. “My grass has already recovered from this summer... but if I had a tree that survived it, that would take 10 years or more to get back to a normal state,” says Niko Wanders at Utrecht University in the Netherlands. 32. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning the sound? A. To show the seasonal cycle. B. To describe the beauty of autumn. C. To emphasize the dry weather. D. To clarify trees’ survival mode. 33. What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about? A. The reduction of river water. B. The duration(持续)of the drought. C. The causes of various losses. D. The consequences of the disaster. 34. Which is probably the best way to tackle climate change according to the text? A. Expanding climate monitoring. B. Improving human behavior. C. Promoting natural restoration. D. Balancing water distribution. 35. What is the author’s attitude toward the climate change trend in Europe? A. Conservative. B. Unclear. C. Concerned. D. Hopeful. 【答案】32. C 33. D 34. B 35. C 【语篇导读】本文为一篇说明文，全文介绍了欧洲干旱情况日益加重导致的一系列后果。 32.推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The sound of leaves underfoot is usually associated with autumn. But this year, it was the soundtrack to summer walks across Europe, as maximum temperature records fell and the continent suffered its worst drought in 500 years.(脚下树叶的声音通常与秋天联系在一起。但今年，随着最高气温记录的下降和欧洲大陆遭遇500年来最严重的干旱，它成为了欧洲夏季徒步旅行的背景音乐)”及第二段描写干旱现状可推知，第一段作者提及树叶落下的声音是为了强调干旱天气这种自然现象，故选C项。 33.主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“The drought had been building for months after a dry winter and spring, but it was worse by a series of fierce heatwaves over the summer, says Sim on Parry at the UK Centre for Ecology &Hydrology. In France, nuclear power plants were forced to reduce their output as low river flows meant there wasn’t enough water to cool their reactors. Water levels on the Rhine river dropped so far that ships loaded with goods in Germany and the Netherlands, including coal and petrol, were unable to travel. Besides, farmers saw crops wither(枯萎). Harvests of soya-beans and sunflower seeds were predicted to fall by between12 and 16 percent.(英国生态与水文中心的西蒙·帕里说，在经历了干燥的冬季和春季之后，干旱已经持续了好几个月，但夏季一系列强烈的热浪使情况变得更糟。在法国，核电站被迫减少发电量，因为河水流量过低意味着没有足够的水来冷却反应堆。莱茵河的水位下降得如此之大，以至于在德国和荷兰装载货物(包括煤炭和汽油)的船只无法通行。此外，农民看到庄稼枯萎。大豆和葵花籽的收成预计将下降12%至16%)”可知，文章第二段主要描述了持续干旱造成的一系列后果，故选D项。 34.推理判断题。根据文章第三段“This was a crisis caused in large part by climate change, says Richard Allan, who is also at the University of Reading. “Warming due to human-caused climate change made this event much more extreme,” he says.(雷丁大学的理查德·艾伦说，这场危机在很大程度上是由气候变化引起的。他说：“人类引起的气候变化导致的气候变暖使这一事件更加极端。”)”可推知，这种干旱很大程度上是由于人类导致的气候变化引起的，所以为了处理气候问题，人们需要改善自己的行为，故选B项。 35.推理判断题。根据文章第一段“But this year, it was the soundtrack to summer walks across Europe, as maximum temperature records fell and the continent suffered its worst drought in 500 years.(但今年，随着最高气温记录的下降和欧洲大陆遭遇500年来最严重的干旱，它成为了欧洲夏季徒步旅行的背景音乐)”及最后一段“But for Europe, this was the second severe drought in four years. “My grass has already recovered from this summer... but if I had a tree that survived it, that would take 10 years or more to get back to a normal state,” says Niko Wanders at Utrecht University in the Netherlands.(但对欧洲来说，这是四年来的第二次严重干旱。“我的草已经从这个夏天恢复过来了……但如果我有一棵幸存下来的树，那将需要10年或更长时间才能恢复到正常状态，”荷兰乌得勒支大学的尼科·旺德斯说)”可推知，作者认为欧洲的干旱情况很严重，影响很恶劣，所以他对于欧洲的气候变化趋势持有担忧态度，故选C项。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 (2024届广西壮族自治区河池市高三下学期二模) Save the Earth from Declining Biodiversity Plants and animals depend on each other for survival. Find out why this biodiversity is so important and how you can help. Skip the selfie(自拍照). Riding elephants, holding monkeys, and taking photos with little lion might seem fun, but these animals might have been caught from the wild and aren’t being properly cared for. Avoid these activities on vacation unless you know the group is trustworthy and not treating animals cruelly. ___36___ Stand up for scary animals. Some people are afraid of animals like wolves, sharks, and bats and try to harm them. ___37___ Because they keep their habitats healthy. So tell everyone how amazing they are. Bad plants. ___38___ They can destroy native species and shake up the whole ecosystem. You can help. Sign up to help remove invasive plants at a local park or nature centre. Lights off. Birds can become confused by bright nighttime lights, causing them to crash into windows or fly in circles until they’re very tired. ___39___ You can also talk to your parents about turning off the lights at their high-rise offices. ___40___ Bring binoculars(望远镜)on an outdoor adventure to enjoy wildlife from afar. That way you don’t disturb animals, which can change their behaviour. Critters(生物)are better off spending energy looking for food or caring for young—not hiding from you! A. Look—Don’t touch. B. But these animals are super important. C. A large number of birds die from these. D. We should make an effort to protect local species. E. Ask your parents not to “like” similar photos on social media. F. Invasive species are plants and animals that don’t belong in a habitat. G. Turn off unnecessary lights at night in the spring and fall when birds are migrating. 【答案】36. E 37. B 38. F 39. G 40. A 【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述拯救地球的几项措施。 36.根据上文“Riding elephants, holding monkeys, and taking photos with little lion might seem fun, but these animals might have been caught from the wild and aren’t being properly cared for. Avoid these activities on vacation unless you know the group is trustworthy and not treating animals cruelly.(骑大象，抱猴子，和小狮子合影可能看起来很有趣，但这些动物可能是从野外捕获的，没有得到适当的照顾。在度假时避免这些活动，除非你知道这个团体是值得信赖的，并且不会残忍地对待动物)”可知，上文建议不要与动物进行拍照。E项：Ask your parents not to “like” similar photos on social media.(让你的父母不要在社交媒体上给类似的照片点赞)与上文主题呼应，符合语境，故选E。 37.根据上文“Some people are afraid of animals like wolves, sharks, and bats and try to harm them.(有些人害怕狼、鲨鱼和蝙蝠等动物，并试图伤害它们)”和下文“Because they keep their habitats healthy.(因为它们保持栖息地的健康)”可知，空处和上文形成转折关系，指出这些动物的重要性，B项中的“these animals”和下文的“they”对应。B项：But these animals are super important.(但是这些动物非常重要)符合语境，故选B。 38.根据段落小标题“Bad plants.(有害植物)”可知，空处介绍这些有害植物是什么，结合下文“ They can destroy native species and shake up the whole ecosystem. You can help. Sign up to help remove invasive plants at a local park or nature centre.(它们可以摧毁本地物种，撼动整个生态系统。你可以帮忙。报名帮助清除当地公园或自然中心的入侵植物)”可知，空处介绍的有害植物就是入侵植物，即“Invasive species”。F项：Invasive species are plants and animals that don’t belong in a habitat.(外来入侵物种是指不属于某个栖息地的动植物)符合语境，故选F。 39.根据上文“Birds can become confused by bright nighttime lights, causing them to crash into windows or fly in circles until they’re very tired.(夜间明亮的灯光会使鸟类感到困惑，导致它们撞到窗户上或在空中盘旋，直到它们非常疲倦)”和下文“You can also talk to your parents about turning off the lights at their high-rise offices.(你也可以告诉你的父母把他们高层办公室的灯关掉)”可知，上文描述夜间灯光对鸟类的危害，空处和下文并列，一起说明解决灯光造成的光污染问题的方法。G项：Turn off unnecessary lights at night in the spring and fall when birds are migrating.(在春季和秋季鸟类迁徙的时候，关掉不必要的灯)符合语境，故选G。 40.空处为段落小标题。根据下文“Bring binoculars(望远镜)on an outdoor adventure to enjoy wildlife from afar. That way you don’t disturb animals, which can change their behaviour.(带上双筒望远镜来一次户外冒险，从远处欣赏野生动物。这样你就不会打扰动物，从而改变它们的行为)”可知，该段主要讲述从远处欣赏野生动物，这样你就不会打扰动物，从而改变它们的行为。A项：Look—Don’t touch.(看——不要触摸)符合语境，故选A。 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 (改编自2024·全国·模拟预测)Watering my plants and watching my grandkids run around my vegetable garden, I was filled with joy. They are my ___41___ to save the earth, I thought. Six years ago, though, I ___42___ gave the environment a second thought. Busily working in family day care, and a mum of three, I ___43___ products without hesitation. Things like throwing out leftover vegetables without care and shopping for fast fashion were part of my everyday ___44___. Then, one day in January, I ___45___ an article online about palm oil(棕榈油), and its ___46___ effects on our rainforests and wildlife. My husband and I had just changed our ___47___ then, becoming grandparents. “We need to ___48___ the world,” I told him. It was not going to be easy, but we ___49___ to start somewhere. So while doing the shopping, I ___50___ every label to make sure the product was ___51___ from palm oil, a leading cause of deforestation. I even started my own vegetable garden and raised chicks. Soon, I became known as Eco Granny! I love walking through my garden, with my little ___52___ closely following me. It is also ___53___to teach my grandkids to do what I do. They all offer to help pick vegetables. And ___54___ one lady’s message of “Your post motivated me to make a change”, I more firmly believe if I can go ___55___ and be an inspiration, anyone can! 41. A. profit B. chance C. reason D. attempt 42. A. specifically B. barely C. carefully D. seriously 43. A. wasted B. stored C. selected D. consumed 44. A. practices B. struggles C. preferences D. tasks 45. A. wrote down B. came across C. went over D. come up with 46. A. decisive B. economic C. potential D. destructive 47. A. mind B. strategy C. identity D. position 48. A. rebuild B. better C. organize D. refresh 49. A. arranged B. applied C. determined D. demanded 50. A. checked B. tracked C. recorded D. attached 51. A. distinct B. safe C. free D. far 52. A. customers B. applicants C. servants D. shadows 53. A. rewarding B. necessary C. challenging D. reasonable 54. A. regardless of B. apart from C. but for D. thanks to 55. A. green B. healthy C. farther D. forward 【答案】 41. C 42. B 43. D 44. A 45. B 46. D 47. C 48. B 49. C 50. A 51. C 52. D 53. A 54. D 55. A 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从对环境不太关心到逐渐意识到环境保护的重要性，再到积极采取行动保护环境的过程。 41.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们是我拯救地球的理由，我心想。A. profit利润，收益；好处；B. chance机会；C. reason理由；D. attempt试图。根据下文“My husband and I had just changed our  ...  then, becoming grandparents. “We need to   ...  the world,” I told him.”可知，作者和丈夫在成为祖父母之后决定改善这个世界，由此可知，孙辈是作者拯救地球的理由，故选C。 42.考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，六年前，我几乎没有考虑过环境问题。A. specifically特别地、明确地；B. barely几乎不；C. carefully仔细地；D. seriously严肃地。根据下文“Busily working in family day care, and a mum of three, I  ...  products without hesitation. Things like throwing out leftover vegetables without care and shopping for fast fashion were part of my everyday  ... ”可知，六年前，作者几乎没有考虑过环境问题，故选B。 43.考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为三个孩子的母亲，我在家庭日托中心忙着工作，毫不犹豫地消费各种产品。A. wasted浪费；B. stored储存；C. selected选择；D. consumed消费。根据下文“Things like throwing out leftover vegetables without care and shopping for fast fashion were part of my everyday  ...  ”可知，作者是毫不犹豫地消耗各种产品，故选D。 44.考查名词词义辨析。句意：像随意扔掉吃剩的蔬菜和购买快时尚产品这样的行为，是我日常生活的一部分。A. practices惯例；B. struggles奋斗、斗争；C. preferences偏爱；D. tasks任务。根据上文“Six years ago, though, I  ...  gave the environment a second thought. Busily working in family day care, and a mum of three, I  ...  products without hesitation.”可知，作者从未考虑过环境问题，由此可知，浪费食物，购买快时尚产品这样的行为是作者的日常生活，故选A。 45.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然后，在一月的一天，我在网上偶然发现了一篇关于棕榈油的文章，以及它对我们的雨林和野生动物的破坏性影响。A. wrote down写下；B. came across碰到，偶然发现；C. went over检查、复习；D. come up with想出，想到，提出。根据空后“an article online about palm oil(棕榈油)”可推测，作者是在网上偶然发现了这篇文章，故选B。 46.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后，在一月的一天，我在网上看到了一篇关于棕榈油的文章，以及它对我们的雨林和野生动物的破坏性影响。A. decisive决定性的；B. economic经济的，经济上的；C. potential可能的；D. destructive毁灭性的、破坏性的。根据下文“So while doing the shopping, I  ...  every label to make sure the product was  ...  from palm oil, a leading cause of deforestation.”可知，棕榈油对雨林和野生动物有着破坏性的影响，故选D。 47.考查名词词义辨析。句意：那时，我和丈夫刚刚改变了身份，成为祖父母。A. mind想法、心思；B. strategy策略，行动计划；C. identity身份；D. position职位、位置。根据下文“becoming grandparents”可知，作者和丈夫刚刚有了新的身份，故选C。 48.考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我们需要让这个世界变得更好，”我告诉他。A. rebuild重建；B. better改善；C. organize组织，使有条理；D. refresh使恢复精神。根据下文“So while doing the shopping, I  ...  every label to make sure the product was  ...  from palm oil, a leading cause of deforestation. I even started my own vegetable garden and raised chicks.”可知，作者和丈夫决定开始保护环境，也就是让世界变得更好，故选B。 49.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这并不容易，但我们决心从某个地方开始。A. arranged安排；B. applied应用、申请；C. determined决定；D. demanded要求。根据下文“So while doing the shopping, I  ...  every label to make sure the product was  ...  from palm oil, a leading cause of deforestation. I even started my own vegetable garden and raised chicks.”可知，作者下定决心开始做出改变，保护环境，故选C。 50.考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，在购物时，我会检查每一个标签，确保产品不含棕榈油，这是导致森林砍伐的主要原因。A. checked检查；B. tracked跟踪，追踪；C. recorded记录；D. attached附上、系上。根据下文“a leading cause of deforestation”可知，棕榈油会导致森林砍伐，破坏环境，由此可知，作者会检查标签，确保其成分中不含有棕榈油，故选A。 51.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，在购物时，我会检查每一个标签，确保产品不含棕榈油，这是导致森林砍伐的主要原因。四个备选项与from构成下列短语：A. be distinct from 与……不同，……有别于；B. be safe from 不会遭到……的危险，免受……的伤害；C. be free from 摆脱，没有；D. be far from 离……很远；远远不，远非。根据下文“a leading cause of deforestation”可知，棕榈油会导致森林砍伐，破坏环境，由此可知，作者会检查标签，确保其成分中不含有棕榈油。短语：be free from，意为“没有……”，符合句意，故选C。 52.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢在我的花园里散步，我的小影子们紧紧跟着我。A. customers顾客； B. applicants申请人，申请者；C. servants仆人；D. shadows阴影、影子。根据上文“Watering my plants and watching my grandkids run around my vegetable garden, I was filled with joy.”可推测，作者在花园散步时，她的孙辈们也会跟着，所以他们就是作者的小影子，故选D。 53.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：教我的孙子们做我所做的事情也是很有意义的。A. rewarding值得的，有意义的；B. necessary必要的；C. challenging具有挑战的；D. reasonable合理的。根据常理推测，能够教孙子们自己所做的对环境有益的事情是有意义的，故选A。 54.考查短语辨析。句意：感谢一位女士的留言“你的帖子激励了我做出改变”，我更加坚定地相信，如果我能做到环保，成为一个鼓舞人心的人，任何人都可以！A. regardless of不顾、不管；B. apart from除了；C. but for要不是；D. thanks to多亏了。根据下文“I more firmly believe if I can go  ...  and be an inspiration, anyone can!”可知，这位女士的留言让作者坚定了自己的信心，所以作者很感谢她的留言，故选D。 55.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：感谢一位女士的留言“你的帖子激励了我做出改变”，我更加坚定地相信，如果我能做到环保，成为一个鼓舞人心的人，任何人都可以！A. green绿色的、环保的；B. healthy健康的；C. farther更远的；D. forward向前的、未来的。根据上文“Soon, I became known as Eco Granny!”可知，作者成为了一名环保人士，故选A。 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (改编自辽宁省凌源市2023-2024学年高三下学期4月联考)Cheng Yongmao was born in a village in Huairou, Beijing and began to learn the skill of building under the guidance of his uncle in 1972. Although he didn’t receive a 56 (high)education, his practical experience enabled him to readily take in the theories, which 57 turn improvedhis skills significantly. Cheng received his first Great Wall assignment in 2004. He led a construction team of dozens of members, most of 58 came from mountainous areas in neighboring Hebei province and were 59 (consequent) good at hiking up and down the peaks. In 2016, he started to work on the Jiankou section, which 60 (consider)one of the most dangerous parts of the Great Wall in Beijing and is known by hikers as the “Wild Wall”. The toughest place is called Yingfei Daoyang(Eagle Flies Upside Down), 61 (suggest)that even an eagle would have to fly straight up, 62 its beak pointing up directly toward the sky to fly over this spot. Working there is dangerous, but under Cheng’s leadership, the workers adapted to the challenging environment and built 63 their strength. After years of efforts, the section has regained its historical 64 (appear). “Protecting the Great Wall is my responsibility,” he said, “As long as I can climb up the mountain, I’ll do my best to lead my team, especially to assist them in gaining experience 65 making their due contributions.” 【答案】 56. higher 57. in 58. whom 59. consequently 60. is considered 61. suggesting 62. with 63. up 64. appearance 65. and 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了程永茂修缮长城的故事。 56.考查比较级。句意：虽然他没有受过高等教育，但他的实践经验使他很容易接受理论，这反过来又大大提高了他的技能。空处需填形容词作定语，修饰名词education，higher education为固定搭配，意为“高等教育”，故填higher。 57.考查介词短语中的介词。句意：虽然他没有受过高等教育，但他的实践经验使他很容易接受理论，这反过来又大大提高了他的技能。in turn反过来，故填in。 58.考查定语从句。句意：他带领着一支由几十人组成的施工队，其中大多数人来自邻近的河北省的山区，因此擅长攀登和下山。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词a construction team of dozens of members，指人，在定语从句中作of的宾语，需用关系代词whom引导，故填whom。 59.考查副词。句意：他带领着一支由几十人组成的施工队，其中大多数人来自邻近的河北省的山区，因此擅长攀登和下山。修饰动词短语were good at，需用副词consequently，作状语，故填consequently。 60.考查动词的时态语态。句意：2016年，他开始在箭扣段工作，这段长城被认为是北京长城最危险的一段，被徒步旅行者称为“野长城”。此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语which，指代“the Jiankou section”，和consider为被动关系，主语为单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式，故填is considered。 61.考查非谓语动词。句意：最艰难的地方被称为鹰飞倒仰，这表明即使是一只鹰也必须笔直向上飞行，它的喙直接指向天空飞过这个地方。空处需填非谓语动词作状语，suggest和前面的句子为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式，故填suggesting。 62.考查介词(with的复合结构)。句意：最艰难的地方被称为鹰飞倒仰，这表明即使是一只鹰也必须笔直向上飞行，它的喙直接指向天空飞过这个地方。此处with的复合结构(with+名词+现在分词)作状语，故填with。 63.考查动词短语中的副词。句意：在那里工作很危险，但在程的领导下，工人们适应了充满挑战的环境，并增强了自身的力量。build up逐渐增加，故填up。 64.考查名词。句意：经过多年的努力，该路段恢复了历史风貌。受形容词historical的修饰，应该用名词，故填appearance。 20.考查连词。句意：“保护长城是我的责任，”他说，“只要我还能爬上这座山，我就会尽我所能领导我的团队，特别是帮助他们积累经验，做出应有的贡献。”gaining experience和making their due contributions为并列关系，需用连词and连接，故填and。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 应用文(满分15分) (2024届四川省泸县五中高三一模)近年来，地球上的自然灾害越来越频发。假设你校英文报正在征集环保主题征文，请你写一封倡议书进行投稿，呼吁大家关注自然灾害并保护环境。 内容包括：1.列举自然灾害实例； 2.提出一些必要的防范措施； 3.号召大家采取行动保护地球。 注意：1.词数100左右； 2.开头已给出，不计入总词数。 As we all know, over the past years, floods, earthquakes and sandstorms have happened frequently. ________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】      As we all know, over the past years, floods, earthquakes and sandstorms have happened frequently, such as the earthquake that shook Tangshan on 28 July 1976 and the tsunami that crashed into coastlines across Asia on 27 December 2004. Therefore, as an individual, what should we do when a natural disaster happens? Take the earthquake for example. Relevant measures are as follows. First of all, we should know the emergency exit of the building in case we can escape to the open air when we could. Furthermore, it is advised that we should stay under the solid objects with hands on heads if we cannot run out. Last but not least, it is necessary for us to learn related knowledge about all kinds of natural disasters. Because some natural disasters are caused by human activities, it is high time that we human did some things to change. Let’s change words into action! 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封倡议书呼吁大家关注自然灾害并保护环境。 【详解】 1.词汇积累 导致：cause→lead to 因此：therefore→hence 此外：furthermore→what’s more 各种各样的：all kinds of→varieties of 2.句式拓展 状语从句变强调句 原句：First of all, we should know the emergency exit of the building in case we can escape when we could. 强调句：First of all, it is the emergency exit of the building that we should know in case we can escape when we could. 【高分句型】 1.Furthermore, it is advised that we should stay under the solid objects with hands on heads if we cannot run out.(运用了虚拟语气，主语从句和条件状语从句) 2.Because some of the natural disasters are caused by human activity and the earth is in bad condition, it is high time that we human did some things to change.(运用了原因状语从句和虚拟语气) 第二节 读后续写(满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 (2024届安徽省阜阳市皖江名校联盟高三下学期模拟联考最后一卷)Leo and Matt, both aged 16, are best friends who shared a passion for environmental sustainability. They were both students at a bustling high school in the heart of the city, a school that was infamous for its morning and afternoon traffic jams. The narrow streets leading to the school were always clogged(堵塞)with cars, buses, and bicycles, causing a great deal of inconvenience and pollution. “Look what we are suffering every day!” complained Leo. “Isn’t there a solution to the problem?” Matt sighed. They decided to take matters into their own hands and find a solution to the sticky problem. Initially, they made some speeches, distributed leaflets and volunteered to relieve the traffic congestion(拥堵), trying to persuade some parents to park their cars a little farther away the school and not to use cars too often. But two weeks passed, there was nothing better. Then they realized it was no easy work to deal with the trouble. They needed more hands for help and a well-thought-out plan for it. They first gathered ten schoolmates who shared the same ambition. Then they started to conduct a thorough survey to understand the root causes of the traffic congestion. They interviewed students, teachers, and parents, as well as observed the traffic patterns during different times of the day. They learned that the majority of the congestion was caused by parents dropping off and picking up their children, as well as the lack of sufficient parking spaces. Armed with this information, the team designed a detailed plan. They proposed the creation of a carpool system for students, encouraging them to share rides to reduce the number of vehicles on the road. They also suggested dedicated drop-off and pick-up zones, clearly marked with signage, to help streamline the process. To further reduce congestion, they advocated for the construction of bike racks(架子)and encourage students to cycle to school. They even proposed a rewards system for those who chose sustainable modes of transportation. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右。 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: With their plan in hand, Leo and Matt presented it to the school authorities. __________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: A few months passing by, the school traffic congestion had significantly improved. ____________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 With their plan in hand, Leo and Matt presented it to the school authorities. They were impressed with the students’ initiative and agreed to support their efforts. The school announced the new measures and encouraged everyone to participate. As the weeks progressed, the carpool system took shape, and more students started sharing rides. The bike racks were installed, and more students were seen cycling to school. The rewards system also proved to be a hit. Students who carpooled, cycled, or walked to school were rewarded with points that could be used for prizes, adding a fun element to the initiative and further motivating students to participate. A few months passing by, the school traffic congestion had significantly improved. The narrow streets were no longer clogged, and the air was clearer. Everyone was happier, and the school community felt more connected and environmentally responsible. They had not only solved a long-standing problem but also instilled a sense of sustainability and teamwork among their peers. Their story spread throughout the school and beyond, inspiring other students to take action and make a positive impact in their own communities. Efforts of responsibility and sustainability have finally paid off. 【文本解读】本文以时间为线索展开，主要讲述了两个16岁的朋友Leo和Matt，他们对环境可持续性有着共同的热情。他们就读于市中心一所因交通堵塞而闻名的高中。面对学校周边的交通问题，他们决定采取行动。起初，他们尝试通过演讲、散发传单和志愿活动来缓解交通拥堵，但效果不佳。意识到需要更全面的解决方案后，他们组建了一个由10位志同道合的同学组成的团队，并进行了深入的调查。通过采访和观察，他们发现交通堵塞的主要原因是家长接送孩子和缺乏停车位。基于调查结果，他们制定了一个详细的计划，希望可以解决问题。 【续写衔接】 ①由第一段首句内容“有了计划，Leo和Matt把它提交给了学校当局”可知，第一段可描写学校接纳 了他们的计划，着手推进新措施，以及新措施逐步落实，取得了良好的效果。 ②由第二段首句内容“几个月过去了，学校的交通拥堵有了明显的改善”可知，第二段可描写交通拥 堵改善给周围的人和社区带来积极的影响，以及他们的计划和努力影响到更多的人，让其他人也开 始参与到可持续发展中来。 【续写情节】计划被提交给学校——学校采纳计划——落实新措施——交通拥堵得以改善——周围的变化——影响扩大 【词汇激活】 行为类 ①支持：support/back/second ②宣布：announce/declare ③解决：solve/find a solution to ④采取行动：take action/take steps/act 情绪类 ①鼓励：encourage/motivate/inspire ②开心的：happy/glad/delighted 【高分句型】 1.As the weeks progressed, the carpool system took shape, and more students started sharing rides. (As引导时间状语从句) 2. Students who carpooled, cycled, or walked to school were rewarded with points that could be used for prizes, adding a fun element to the initiative and further motivating students to participate. (who引导限制性定语从句、that引导限制性定语从句、现在分词作状语) 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$