精品解析：湖南省衡阳市第一中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题

衡阳市一中2023-2024学年下学期期末考试 高二英语 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生务必先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题纸上，认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号，并将条形码粘贴在答题纸上的指定位置上。 2.选择题答案使用2B铅笔填涂，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号；非选择题答案用0.5毫米的黑色中性（签宇）笔或碳素笔书写，字体工整，笔迹清楚。 3.请按照题号在各题的答题区域（黑色线框）内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效。 4.保持纸面清洁，不折叠，不破损。 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A There is no doubt that books have the power to change how people think about the world and the universe around them. These 3 astronomy books have had a significant impact on the way humans think about our place and purpose in the universe: On the Heavens (about 350 BC) by Aristalle Aristotle proposed a geocentric (以地球为中心的) model of the universe in the book. This work is significant as a master work of the Aristotelian worldview, a school of philosophy that dominated (支配) intellectual thinking for almost 2000 years．Eventually，almost everything in it was proven incorrect, but On the Heavens, which is still in print, provides a fascinating view of astronomical evolution. The Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres (1543) by Nicolaus Copernicus In this book, Copernicus argued that the Sun rather than the Earth lies in the center of the universe. The Earth moves as a planet around the Sun. The most important advantage offered by Copernicus was a vision of the universe as an integrated system, where all the planets move together in elegant harmony. The Mechanism of the Heavens (1831) by Mary Somerville Different from his book Physical Geography, this book was embraced as an important contribution to the understanding of celestial motion (天体运动). It became extremely valuable to both astronomers and students and it was used as a textbook for more than half a century. The book went through many revisions, keeping pace with astronomical developments over time. It proves that given the opportunity, women could match the men in science step for step. 1. What can we learn about the book On the Heavens? A. It is banned from printing. B. It mainly focuses on philosophy. C. It is used by many schools today. D. It has proven almost completely wrong. 2. What do On the Heavens and The Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres have in common? A. They revealed the truth of the universe. B. They are master works of the same era. C. They explored the center of the universe. D. They regard the universe as an integrated system. 3. Which book brings more motivation to women in science? A. On the Heavens. B. Physical Geography. C. The Mechanism of the Heavens. D. The Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres. B Deepfake Videos of Tom Cruise Raise Concern A series of deepfake videos of Tom Cruise have gained more than 11 million views on TikTok. The creator said he never wanted to trick people. But since he has, he’s hoping the sudden influx (涌入) of attention can help bring greater awareness to the continued evolution of the technology that can create incredibly realistic fake videos of people. “The important thing is, we didn’t want to fool people at any moment,” Chris Ume, 31, the Belgian visual effects artist behind the visual deepfake, said in an interview. “If I can help in creating awareness, or even work on detection in the future, I would love to.” Ume created the four videos, in which it appeared to show the Hollywood star playing golf, doing a magic coin trick, and falling over while telling a story. The videos went visual, attracting attention on TikTok and across the Internet. And though most people realized quickly that the videos were fake, even experts were impressed by their quality. “My first thought was they’re incredibly well done,” said digital image expert HanyFarid, who is a professor at the University of California, Berkeley, and specializes in image analysis. “They are funny, and they’re clever.” But they also offer a warning: Deepfake technology that has emerged in recent years continues to evolve and improve. And while deepfake videos have not yet been effectively used in many misinformation(虚假消息) campaigns, the danger is growing. “In the early days, you could see the potential, but it wasn’t even close to being there,” Farid said. “But this felt to me like it was a real step, like we just took a big step forward in the development of this technology. Synthetic(合成的) digital content, otherwise known as a deepfake, can include anything from an image or video in which one person or object is visually or audibly manipulated(操纵) to say and do something that is fabricated(伪造). Although Ume used sophisticated visual effects editing, advancements in digital editing through smartphone apps such as Reface, Facetune and even Snapchat have made techniques like face-swapping(换脸) and image altering easier and could cause serious consequences, experts say. 4 What does the creator intend to do according to the text? A. To attract more attention. B. To earn much more money. C. To play a trick on people. D. To show technological progress. 5. What does the word underlined in Para. 7 refer to? A. The danger is increasing. B. The technology is developing. C. The deepfake videos are spreading widely. D. The deepfake videos are effectively used. 6. What’s the author’s attitude toward the deepfake videos? A. Negative. B. Optimistic. C. Objective. D. Pessimistic. 7. What’s the main idea of the text? A. The deepfake videos are popular. B. The deepfake videos raise concern. C. The deepfake videos should be stopped. D. The deepfake technology is advancing. C Virtual reality (VR) is quickly becoming the new technological frontier. However, a set of challenges and hurdles need to be overcome, including things like low latency, the high refresh rate, high resolution and a wide field of view. Now that we can actually build VR headsets that begin to meet these requirements, we are seeing a rising interest in VR. As it rises, so does the interest in creating new media to be experienced by using VR. Journalism is a medium built on relevance. Journalists should always be finding new ways to tell stories and deliver content. VR is a goldmine for storytelling. What better way to tell a story to someone than to put them right in the center of it? By using VR, the consumer isn’t just reading or watching something played out; they’re experiencing it. The super-realistic effect of VR allows people to connect them with the subject matter on a much deeper level than just reading about it. Any storyteller wanting to do something more interesting than their peers should surely be considering the power of VR. The question of VR, though, is not how powerful it is. It is apparent that the question of VR is its availability. Telling stories must be easy to do, and access to those stories must be readily available. This is the biggest challenge that VR faces. If the tools to tell a story with VR aren’t easy to pick up and learn, VR will fail. If VR isn’t both top-of-the-line and affordable, VR will fail. Accessibility is one concern for Thomas Hallaq. However, he thinks VR is still very promising. Hallaq said, “We’re seeing more technology becoming accessible, and more people having access to that technology. Just look at smartphones.” If the technology is widely available and companies can overcome the hurdles, VR will succeed in being a desirable means of storytelling. Like radio, TV and the Internet before it, VR will change the way we tell stories. 8. Why is VR considered a power tool for journalism? A It entertains the consumers. B. It delivers content very fast. C. It is equipped with improved headsets. D. It gets people’s senses fully involved. 9. What is the biggest challenge for VR as a journalism tool? A. Easy access. B. New resources. C. Public acceptance. D. Technical barriers. 10. What does the underlined expression “top-of-the-line” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. The longest in history. B. The highest in price. C. The best in quality. D. The largest in quantity. 11. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Approaches to employing VR. B. VR: the future of storytelling. C. Secrets of the increasing popularity of VR. D. Storytelling ability: the quality of journalists. D From sweeping landscapes to amazing buildings, Taiwan is an island that many tourists visit frequently. That’s why it can seem odd that one of its most famous landmarks is two humble mailboxes. Located in the Zhongshan District in the city of Taipei, these unique mailboxes have caught the public’s imagination thanks to their appearance. Unlike most mailboxes, these two are severely bent. Due to its location, Taiwan tends to be struck by typhoons, as it is usually hit by three or four windstorms a year. In 2015, a particularly bad one known as Typhoon Soudelor struck the island. During the storm, a billboard got loose due to the heavy winds and hit the mailboxes. While it bent their posts, it didn’t tear them down. After the storm was over, people came across the newly leaning mailboxes and fell in love with them. Not only did they look adorable, but they were also a symbol of resilience(坚韧) and survival. Social media quickly caught wind of these new landmarks and people began visiting them. It wasn’t long before they started staging fun photos with the new landmarks, using forced perspective—similar to the way tourists pose in Italy with the Leaning Tower of Pisa. This led authorities to accept the symbolism of the mailboxes willingly, and instead of repairing them, they added a board telling their story in Chinese, English, and Japanese. The board reads: “On August 8th, 2015, Typhoon Soudelor struck Taiwan. We were hit in the heads by a signboard as a result and couldn’t help but lean over from the pain. It was so painful in fact—we can’t stand up straight anymore. But we persevered: we didn’t fall over after all. We have to take life as it comes and in a way, I think we look more artsy and sophisticated this way! Do we inspire you? Take a picture with us to remind yourselves that we are all survivors and can persevere no matter what.” The best part of this Taipei attraction is that the mailboxes are still operational. The letters in the boxes are even marked with a special stamp that shows the famous mailboxes. 12. Why are the mailboxes bent? A. They were struck by a billboard. B. They were squeezed by a huge stone. C. They were blown over by the strong wind. D. They were remodeled on purpose by their designer. 13. Why didn’t the government repair the mailboxes? A. They were difficult to fix. B. They had become very commercialized. C. They were gaining popularity among tourists. D. They were a comfort to the Typhoon sufferers. 14. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Having experienced a lot. B. With delicate decorations. C. Of first-class quality. D. Being windproof. 15. How do the mailboxes inspire people? A. They present very high artistic value. B. They indicate focus on beauty appreciation. C. They warn people of damaging effects of typhoons. D. They symbolize great courage in the face of adversity. 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Some of us like to keep some things private — maybe we don’t want people knowing about our relationship status, our age or where we live because these details are personal.____16____. On our social media accounts, we often display things like our opinions, connections and holiday photos. However, how do we stop everybody seeing everything? Maybe we don’t want a random stranger knowing our favourite type of coffee. ____17____. Now they seem to be popping up on websites. So how can you stay more private? There are some steps you can take. First, on your social media accounts, check your privacy settings. Many social media platforms allow everything to be visible by default (默认) and the responsibility is on you to set your boundaries. And limiting the amount you share isn’t only confined (限制) to social media. There are many sites out there that help you to share documents so a good tip may be not to put anything too private, like passwords, on there.____18____. Finally, cookies are designed to improve your browsing (浏览) experience by tracking and saving information about your visits to a site, helping to personalize your sessions. ____19____, but there are certain apps which can block them if you don’t feel comfortable. ____20____, maybe only share things you’d be happy with a stranger seeing — and if you don’t feel comfortable with cookies, you might decide to invest in some tech to block them. If that’s not enough, just don’t accept them and visit another site — and why not have a yummy cookie to eat instead? A. Hopefully, when you take the advice B. Deleting your browsing history may help C. So, if you want to maintain your privacy online D. One mistaken click may send it to the wrong person E. Try to adjust the settings on each device and browser you use F. And cookies — there was a time they were just something nice to eat G. The problem is, everywhere we go online, we seem to leave a digital footprint 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Man’s best friend is being credited with saving his owner’s life during a scare. 81-year-old Harry Smith of Port St. Lucie, Florida is a man of ___21___. He takes his 9-year-old dog Sarah Jane for a walk around the lake across the street from his house twice a day, every day. Smith, who uses an electric wheelchair to ___22___, was on one of his regular walks when something ___23___ happened. The left wheel of his wheelchair got ___24___in a pit (坑), and as he tried to reverse out of the dirt, his wheelchair lost traction. He ended up rolling down the ___25___ and flipping off his wheelchair into the lake. Sensing her owner was in ___26___, Sarah Jane began barking loudly as Smith ___27___to keep his head above water. Her persistent barking___28___ the attention of two neighbors working in their driveway across the street, who rushed over to see what the ___29___ was about. One of those men was Edward Shuling, who said he ____30____ thought the dog may have gotten into a fight with an alligator, before he saw Smith’s head sticking out of the water. Shuling instantly____31____ in. A second neighbor, Aby “Jacob” Chacko, was ____32____ closely and happened to spot Officer Adam on his way down to the water. Together, the three men____33____Smith out of the water and back to safety, much to his and Sarah Jane’s____34____. “We are thankful for Mr. Smith’s dog and the two bystanders that helped save his life!” the post reads. “And as the saying remains ____35____...A man’s best friend is his dog.” 21. A. action B. routine C. virtue D. character 22. A. glance around B. come around C. get around D. turn around 23 A. unusual B. strange C. difficult D. puzzling 24. A. stuck B. separated C. hit D. broken 25. A. hill B. bank C. river D. wheelchair 26. A. doubt B. depth C. trouble D. despair 27. A. hurried B. waved C. struggled D. jumped 28. A. distracted B. focused C. demanded D. caught 29. A. noise B. incident C. scene D. event 30. A. additionally B. initially C. eventually D. similarly 31. A. turned B. fell C. checked D. jumped 32. A. appearing B. following C. moving D. coming 33. A. pulled B. seized C. tore D. kicked 34 A. delight B. amusement C. surprise D. relief 35. A. certain B. familiar C. true D. popular 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 About 1.4 billion people around the world do not get enough physical exercise.This number comes ___36___the United Nations' World Health Organization(WHO).A new WHO report warns that a lack of exercise ___37___(great)increases the risk of health problems.The WHO says the new study is the first___38___ (estimate)physical activity trends around the world over time.The report said the levels of physical inactivity are more than two times as high in ___39___(wealth)countries as they are in countries where people earn low wages.In richer countries,people are more likely to spend time ___40___（sit)in offices. How much activity should we get? To stay healthy,the report ___41___(suggest)that people do at least 150 minutes of moderate(适中的）physical activity or 75 minutes of intense physical activity every week.If you work in a high-rise office building,take the stairs instead of an elevator.Take more ___42___(break)during the work day and move around.If your workplace offers ___43___gym,make sure to use it.It also urges governments to provide and care for infrastructure(基础设施），such as better and___44___ (safe)roads.This would help support increased walking ___45___cycling for transportation,as well as sports and physical recreation. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 最近，你校英文报体育专栏正在征稿，请你以“Sports and Me”为题写一篇英语短文投稿，内容包括： 1.你最喜欢的运动； 2.你喜欢它的原因。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Sports and Me ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Allen was playing in his room. He heard a familiar chirping and rustling from the cage in the bedroom corner. It was his beloved Blue Finch, named Mary. The boy had cared for the bird since he was six, a gift from his mother for graduating from kindergarten and entering primary school. Now, at 12 years old, Allen had just recently celebrated his primary school graduation and was about to take another step in his life journey toward junior high school. For the past six years, Mary was his constant companion and closest friend. As he grew up Allen found it difficult to make friends or be close to others. Having had to move around many times and transfer schools due to his father’s work in the military, Allen never felt like he truly belonged in any one place. He always knew it wouldn’t be long before he would have to move yet again. The stress and pressure of a constantly mobile life also led to strain and pressure at home, leading to loud arguments and fights between his mother and father which he could hear from behind closed doors. But, throughout all of this. Allen’s closest friend and companion-the true source of stability in his life — was Mary, his finch. But Mary was more than just a simple, calm pet: whenever Allen felt sad, the bird would always be singing and chirping, almost as if she sensed how he felt and wanted to lift his spirits. And when Allen fed the bird, Mary always moved across her branch to rest against his finger, never failing to bring a smile to Allen’s face. Yet, one summer day after Allen had come home after a walk at the park he found the window of his bedroom open and the door of Mary’s cage open-the-bird was gone. Suddenly, Allen realized that he must have left the cage open after cleaning it and forgot about the window being open on such a hot day. Upset, Allen fell down to the floor sobbing. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150词左右； 2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Upon hearing the noise, Allen’s mother rushed upstairs and asked what had happened. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Filled with anticipation, Allen and his mother went outside to look for Mary. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 衡阳市一中2023-2024学年下学期期末考试 高二英语 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生务必先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题纸上，认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号，并将条形码粘贴在答题纸上的指定位置上。 2.选择题答案使用2B铅笔填涂，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号；非选择题答案用0.5毫米的黑色中性（签宇）笔或碳素笔书写，字体工整，笔迹清楚。 3.请按照题号在各题的答题区域（黑色线框）内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效。 4.保持纸面清洁，不折叠，不破损。 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A There is no doubt that books have the power to change how people think about the world and the universe around them. These 3 astronomy books have had a significant impact on the way humans think about our place and purpose in the universe: On the Heavens (about 350 BC) by Aristalle Aristotle proposed a geocentric (以地球为中心的) model of the universe in the book. This work is significant as a master work of the Aristotelian worldview, a school of philosophy that dominated (支配) intellectual thinking for almost 2000 years．Eventually，almost everything in it was proven incorrect, but On the Heavens, which is still in print, provides a fascinating view of astronomical evolution. The Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres (1543) by Nicolaus Copernicus In this book, Copernicus argued that the Sun rather than the Earth lies in the center of the universe. The Earth moves as a planet around the Sun. The most important advantage offered by Copernicus was a vision of the universe as an integrated system, where all the planets move together in elegant harmony. The Mechanism of the Heavens (1831) by Mary Somerville Different from his book Physical Geography, this book was embraced as an important contribution to the understanding of celestial motion (天体运动). It became extremely valuable to both astronomers and students and it was used as a textbook for more than half a century. The book went through many revisions, keeping pace with astronomical developments over time. It proves that given the opportunity, women could match the men in science step for step. 1. What can we learn about the book On the Heavens? A. It is banned from printing. B. It mainly focuses on philosophy. C. It is used by many schools today. D. It has proven almost completely wrong. 2. What do On the Heavens and The Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres have in common? A. They revealed the truth of the universe. B. They are master works of the same era. C. They explored the center of the universe. D. They regard the universe as an integrated system. 3. Which book brings more motivation to women in science? A. On the Heavens. B. Physical Geography. C. The Mechanism of the Heavens. D. The Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍三本对人类思考我们在宇宙中的位置和目的的方式产生了重大影响的书籍。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据小标题On the Heavens (about 350 BC) by Aristalle下的“Aristotle proposed a geocentric (以地球为中心的) model of the universe in the book. This work is significant as a master work of the Aristotelian worldview, a school of philosophy that dominated (支配) intellectual thinking for almost 2000 years. Eventually, almost everything in it was proven incorrect, but On the Heavens, which is still in print, provides a fascinating view of astronomical evolution.(亚里士多德在书中提出了一个地心说的宇宙模型。作为亚里士多德世界观的代表作，这本书意义重大。亚里士多德世界观是一种哲学流派，在近2000年的时间里主导了智力思维。最终，书中几乎所有的内容都被证明是错误的，但《论天》这本仍在印刷的书，提供了一个关于天文演化的迷人视角)”可知，On the Heavens这本书几乎所有的内容都被证明是错误的。故选D项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据小标题On the Heavens (about 350 BC) by Aristalle下的“Aristotle proposed a geocentric (以地球为中心的)model of the universe in the book.(亚里士多德在书中提出了一个地心说的宇宙模型)”以及小标题The Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres (1543) by Nicolaus Copernicus下的“In this book, Copernicus argued that the Sun rather than the Earth lies in the center of the universe. The Earth moves as a planet around the Sun. The most important advantage offered by Copernicus was a vision of the universe as an integrated system, where all the planets move together in elegant harmony.(在这本书中，哥白尼认为太阳而不是地球是宇宙的中心。地球作为一颗行星围绕太阳运行。哥白尼提出的最重要的优点是，他把宇宙看成一个整体系统，所有的行星都优雅地和谐地一起运动)”可知，On the Heavens和The Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres两本书的共同点是它们探索了宇宙的中心。故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据小标题The Mechanism of the Heavens (1831) by Mary Somerville下的“Different from his book Physical Geography, this book was embraced as an important contribution to the understanding of celestial motion (天体运动). It became extremely valuable to both astronomers and students and it was used as a textbook for more than half a century. The book went through many revisions, keeping pace with astronomical developments over time. It proves that given the opportunity, women could match the men in science step for step.(与他的《自然地理学》不同，这本书被认为是对天体运动理解的重要贡献。它对天文学家和学生来说都是非常有价值的，被当作教科书用了半个多世纪。这本书经过多次修订，以跟上天文学发展的步伐。它证明，只要有机会，女性可以在科学上一步一步地赶上男性)”可知，The Mechanism of the Heavens这本书证明，只要有机会，女性可以在科学上一步一步地赶上男性，能给投身科学的女性带来更多动力。故选C项。 B Deepfake Videos of Tom Cruise Raise Concern A series of deepfake videos of Tom Cruise have gained more than 11 million views on TikTok. The creator said he never wanted to trick people. But since he has, he’s hoping the sudden influx (涌入) of attention can help bring greater awareness to the continued evolution of the technology that can create incredibly realistic fake videos of people. “The important thing is, we didn’t want to fool people at any moment,” Chris Ume, 31, the Belgian visual effects artist behind the visual deepfake, said in an interview. “If I can help in creating awareness, or even work on detection in the future, I would love to.” Ume created the four videos, in which it appeared to show the Hollywood star playing golf, doing a magic coin trick, and falling over while telling a story. The videos went visual, attracting attention on TikTok and across the Internet. And though most people realized quickly that the videos were fake, even experts were impressed by their quality. “My first thought was they’re incredibly well done,” said digital image expert HanyFarid, who is a professor at the University of California, Berkeley, and specializes in image analysis. “They are funny, and they’re clever.” But they also offer a warning: Deepfake technology that has emerged in recent years continues to evolve and improve. And while deepfake videos have not yet been effectively used in many misinformation(虚假消息) campaigns, the danger is growing. “In the early days, you could see the potential, but it wasn’t even close to being there,” Farid said. “But this felt to me like it was a real step, like we just took a big step forward in the development of this technology. Synthetic(合成的) digital content, otherwise known as a deepfake, can include anything from an image or video in which one person or object is visually or audibly manipulated(操纵) to say and do something that is fabricated(伪造). Although Ume used sophisticated visual effects editing, advancements in digital editing through smartphone apps such as Reface, Facetune and even Snapchat have made techniques like face-swapping(换脸) and image altering easier and could cause serious consequences, experts say. 4. What does the creator intend to do according to the text? A. To attract more attention. B. To earn much more money. C. To play a trick on people. D. To show technological progress. 5. What does the word underlined in Para. 7 refer to? A. The danger is increasing. B. The technology is developing. C. The deepfake videos are spreading widely. D. The deepfake videos are effectively used. 6. What’s the author’s attitude toward the deepfake videos? A. Negative. B. Optimistic. C. Objective. D. Pessimistic. 7. What’s the main idea of the text? A. The deepfake videos are popular. B. The deepfake videos raise concern. C. The deepfake videos should be stopped. D. The deepfake technology is advancing. 【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了深度伪造的关于汤姆·克鲁斯的视频获得了许多关注，并进而介绍了关于这项深度伪造技术的看法。 4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The creator said he never wanted to trick people. But since he has, he’s hoping the sudden influx (涌入) of attention can help bring greater awareness to the continued evolution of the technology that can create incredibly realistic fake videos of people.(创作者说他从不想欺骗别人。但既然他做到了，他希望突然涌入的注意力有助于提高人们对这项技术的持续发展的认识，这项技术可以创造出关于人的令人难以置信的逼真的假视频。)”可知，这项技术的创造者通过这些视频想让人们意识到技术的进步。故选D。 【5题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第六段“But they also offer a warning: Deepfake technology that has emerged in recent years continues to evolve and improve. And while deepfake videos have not yet been effectively used in many misinformation(虚假消息) campaigns, the danger is growing.(但它们也发出了警告：近年来出现的深度伪造技术技术仍在不断发展和改进。尽管深度伪造视频尚未被有效地用于许多虚假消息活动中，但危险越来越大。)”的内容可知，这些视频发出了警告：伪造技术在不断发展和改进，其危险越来越大。由此可推测第七段应承接上文， Farid说的话中的“In the early days, you could see the potential”进一步说明这种危险的真实性，其在早些时候已经初见端倪。potential意为“可能性”，在这里表示深度伪造技术产生危险的可能性。故选A。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了深度伪造的关于汤姆·克鲁斯的视频获得了许多关注。根据文中的“The creator said”“Chris Ume, 31, the Belgian visual effects artist behind the visual deepfake, said in an interview”“said digital image expert HanyFarid”“experts say”等可看出，在介绍与深度伪造视频有关的事情时，作者主要引用创造者和专家的看法，全文并没有作者直接表明的观点，都是客观陈述其他人的观点，所以作者对这项技术的看法是客观的。故选C。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文并结合文章标题“Deepfake Videos of Tom Cruise Raise Concern”可知，本文主要讲述的是“深度伪造视频引发了关注”，B项符合题意。故选B。 C Virtual reality (VR) is quickly becoming the new technological frontier. However, a set of challenges and hurdles need to be overcome, including things like low latency, the high refresh rate, high resolution and a wide field of view. Now that we can actually build VR headsets that begin to meet these requirements, we are seeing a rising interest in VR. As it rises, so does the interest in creating new media to be experienced by using VR. Journalism is a medium built on relevance. Journalists should always be finding new ways to tell stories and deliver content. VR is a goldmine for storytelling. What better way to tell a story to someone than to put them right in the center of it? By using VR, the consumer isn’t just reading or watching something played out; they’re experiencing it. The super-realistic effect of VR allows people to connect them with the subject matter on a much deeper level than just reading about it. Any storyteller wanting to do something more interesting than their peers should surely be considering the power of VR. The question of VR, though, is not how powerful it is. It is apparent that the question of VR is its availability. Telling stories must be easy to do, and access to those stories must be readily available. This is the biggest challenge that VR faces. If the tools to tell a story with VR aren’t easy to pick up and learn, VR will fail. If VR isn’t both top-of-the-line and affordable, VR will fail. Accessibility is one concern for Thomas Hallaq. However, he thinks VR is still very promising. Hallaq said, “We’re seeing more technology becoming accessible, and more people having access to that technology. Just look at smartphones.” If the technology is widely available and companies can overcome the hurdles, VR will succeed in being a desirable means of storytelling. Like radio, TV and the Internet before it, VR will change the way we tell stories. 8. Why is VR considered a power tool for journalism? A. It entertains the consumers. B. It delivers content very fast. C. It is equipped with improved headsets. D. It gets people’s senses fully involved. 9 What is the biggest challenge for VR as a journalism tool? A. Easy access. B. New resources. C. Public acceptance. D. Technical barriers. 10. What does the underlined expression “top-of-the-line” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. The longest in history. B. The highest in price. C. The best in quality. D. The largest in quantity. 11. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Approaches to employing VR. B. VR: the future of storytelling. C. Secrets of the increasing popularity of VR. D. Storytelling ability: the quality of journalists. 【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇关于虚拟现实(VR)技术在新闻报道领域应用的议论文。文章讨论了VR技术如何成为新闻报道的新前沿，并分析了VR技术面临的挑战和潜力。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“By using VR, the consumer isn’t just reading or watching something played out; they’re experiencing it. (通过使用VR，消费者不仅仅是阅读或观看某件事的发生；他们正在体验它。)”可知，VR技术能够通过让消费者完全沉浸在故事中来讲述故事，这种超现实的效果让人们与主题的联系比仅仅阅读更加深刻。因此，正确答案是D项，即VR能够让人们完全参与其中。故选D项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The question of VR, though, is not how powerful it is. It is apparent that the question of VR is its availability. (然而，VR的问题不在于它有多强大。显然，VR的问题在于它的可用性。)”可知，VR技术的成功关键在于其可用性，即讲故事的工具必须易于使用，并且这些故事的访问必须容易获得。因此，正确答案是A项，即易于访问。故选A项。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线的句子“If VR isn’t both top-of-the-line and affordable, VR will fail. (如果VR既不是最好的，也不具有可负担性，VR将会失败。)”可知，VR如果不想失败，那么它就得是最好的，或者可以负担得起的，这个短语是用来描述VR技术需要达到的最高标准，包括质量和性能。因此，正确答案是C项，即质量最好的。故选C项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一句“Like radio, TV and the Internet before it, VR will change the way we tell stories.(像之前的广播、电视和互联网一样，VR将改变我们讲述故事的方式。)”以及整篇文章的内容，VR技术在新闻报道中的应用和其作为故事讲述工具的潜力是核心主题。因此，正确答案是B项，即“VR：故事讲述的未来”。故选B项。 D From sweeping landscapes to amazing buildings, Taiwan is an island that many tourists visit frequently. That’s why it can seem odd that one of its most famous landmarks is two humble mailboxes. Located in the Zhongshan District in the city of Taipei, these unique mailboxes have caught the public’s imagination thanks to their appearance. Unlike most mailboxes, these two are severely bent. Due to its location, Taiwan tends to be struck by typhoons, as it is usually hit by three or four windstorms a year. In 2015, a particularly bad one known as Typhoon Soudelor struck the island. During the storm, a billboard got loose due to the heavy winds and hit the mailboxes. While it bent their posts, it didn’t tear them down. After the storm was over, people came across the newly leaning mailboxes and fell in love with them. Not only did they look adorable, but they were also a symbol of resilience(坚韧) and survival. Social media quickly caught wind of these new landmarks and people began visiting them. It wasn’t long before they started staging fun photos with the new landmarks, using forced perspective—similar to the way tourists pose in Italy with the Leaning Tower of Pisa. This led authorities to accept the symbolism of the mailboxes willingly, and instead of repairing them, they added a board telling their story in Chinese, English, and Japanese. The board reads: “On August 8th, 2015, Typhoon Soudelor struck Taiwan. We were hit in the heads by a signboard as a result and couldn’t help but lean over from the pain. It was so painful in fact—we can’t stand up straight anymore. But we persevered: we didn’t fall over after all. We have to take life as it comes and in a way, I think we look more artsy and sophisticated this way! Do we inspire you? Take a picture with us to remind yourselves that we are all survivors and can persevere no matter what.” The best part of this Taipei attraction is that the mailboxes are still operational. The letters in the boxes are even marked with a special stamp that shows the famous mailboxes. 12. Why are the mailboxes bent? A. They were struck by a billboard. B They were squeezed by a huge stone. C. They were blown over by the strong wind. D. They were remodeled on purpose by their designer. 13. Why didn’t the government repair the mailboxes? A. They were difficult to fix. B. They had become very commercialized. C. They were gaining popularity among tourists. D. They were a comfort to the Typhoon sufferers. 14. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Having experienced a lot. B. With delicate decorations. C. Of first-class quality. D. Being windproof. 15. How do the mailboxes inspire people? A. They present very high artistic value. B. They indicate focus on beauty appreciation. C. They warn people of damaging effects of typhoons. D. They symbolize great courage in the face of adversity. 【答案】12. A 13. C 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了台北中山区的两个邮箱在台风期间被广告牌砸中，发生严重弯曲却依然不倒，因其可爱的外形和独特的象征意义而受到游客的喜爱。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“During the storm, a billboard got loose due to the heavy winds and hit the mailboxes. While it bent their posts, it didn’t tear them down.(在暴风雨中，一块广告牌因大风而松动，砸在了邮箱上。虽然它弄弯了柱子，但并没有把它们砸倒)”可知，在风暴期间，一块广告牌因强风而松动，砸到了邮箱，使其弯曲。故选A。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Social media quickly caught wind of these new landmarks and people began visiting them. It wasn’t long before they started staging fun photos with the new landmarks, using forced perspective—similar to the way tourists pose in Italy with the Leaning Tower of Pisa. This led authorities to accept the symbolism of the mailboxes willingly, and instead of repairing them, they added a board telling their story in Chinese, English, and Japanese.(社交媒体很快就发现了这些新地标，人们开始参观它们。没过多久，他们就开始用强迫视角拍摄这些新地标的有趣照片——类似于游客在意大利对比萨斜塔的拍照方式。这使得当局心甘情愿地接受了这些邮箱的象征意义，他们没有修理它们，而是在上面加了一块用中文、英文和日文讲述他们的故事的板)”可知，社交媒体很快就听到了这些新地标的风声，人们开始参观它们，这让当局心甘情愿地接受了邮箱的象征意义，所以并没有修理他们。故选C。 【14题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第四段划线词前文“It was so painful in fact—we can’t stand up straight anymore. But we persevered: we didn’t fall over after all. We have to take life as it comes and in a way, I think we look more artsy(它是如此痛苦，事实上，我们不能站直了。但我们坚持了下来：我们终究没有倒下。我们必须接受生活，在某种程度上，我认为我们看起来更有艺术性)”可知，这是当局对于邮箱解释文字。邮箱被广告牌砸中，痛得忍不住俯下身来，但还是坚持了下来，终究没有倒下，它们随遇而安，在某种意义上，没有被修复过的邮箱看起来更有艺术感，更有故事感，经历了更多，划线词与“Having experienced a lot.经历了很多”意思相近。故选A。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段最后两句“Do we inspire you? Take a picture with us to remind yourselves that we are all survivors and can persevere no matter what.(我们激励了你吗？和我们一起拍张照片，提醒自己我们都是幸存者，无论如何都能坚持下去)”可知，邮箱在风暴中坚持了下来，象征着面对逆境的巨大勇气。故选D。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Some of us like to keep some things private — maybe we don’t want people knowing about our relationship status, our age or where we live because these details are personal.____16____. On our social media accounts, we often display things like our opinions, connections and holiday photos. However, how do we stop everybody seeing everything? Maybe we don’t want a random stranger knowing our favourite type of coffee. ____17____. Now they seem to be popping up on websites. So how can you stay more private? There are some steps you can take. First, on your social media accounts, check your privacy settings. Many social media platforms allow everything to be visible by default (默认) and the responsibility is on you to set your boundaries. And limiting the amount you share isn’t only confined (限制) to social media. There are many sites out there that help you to share documents so a good tip may be not to put anything too private, like passwords, on there.____18____. Finally, cookies are designed to improve your browsing (浏览) experience by tracking and saving information about your visits to a site, helping to personalize your sessions. ____19____, but there are certain apps which can block them if you don’t feel comfortable. ____20____, maybe only share things you’d be happy with a stranger seeing — and if you don’t feel comfortable with cookies, you might decide to invest in some tech to block them. If that’s not enough, just don’t accept them and visit another site — and why not have a yummy cookie to eat instead? A. Hopefully, when you take the advice B. Deleting your browsing history may help C. So, if you want to maintain your privacy online D. One mistaken click may send it to the wrong person E. Try to adjust the settings on each device and browser you use F. And cookies — there was a time they were just something nice to eat G. The problem is, everywhere we go online, we seem to leave a digital footprint 【答案】16. G 17. F 18. D 19. B 20. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些在网络社会保护隐私的具体做法。 【16题详解】 上文“Some of us like to keep some things private — maybe we don’t want people knowing about our relationship status, our age or where we live because these details are personal.”（我们一些人喜欢把一些事情保密——也许我们不想让别人知道我们的感情状况、年龄或住址，因为这些细节是私人的。）说明人们不愿意公开自己的私人信息，G项“The problem is, everywhere we go online, we seem to leave a digital footprint”（问题是，无论我们在哪里上网，我们似乎都会留下数字足迹）指出了网络社会存在的问题，虽然我们不愿意公开个人信息，但在网络上总会留下蛛丝马迹，衔接上文恰当。故选G项。 【17题详解】 上文“Maybe we don’t want a random stranger knowing our favourite type of coffee. ”（也许我们不想让一个陌生人知道我们最喜欢的咖啡类型。）说明我们不想让陌生人知道我们的喜好，结合下文“Now they seem to be popping up on websites.”（现在它们似乎出现在了网站上。）可知，F项“And cookies -- there was a time they were just something nice to eat”（还有饼干——曾经它们只是一些好吃的东西）中“cookies”照应后文“they seem to be popping up on websites”说明“cookies”本来是一种食物，现在却成了计算机机术语。故选F项。 18题详解】 上文“There are many sites out there that help you to share documents so a good tip may be to not put anything too private, like passwords, on there.”（有很多网站可以帮助你分享文档，所以一个好的建议是不要在上面放任何过于隐私的东西，比如密码。）建议我们不要把过于隐私的东西放在网站上，D项“One mistaken click may send it to the wrong person”（一个错误的点击可能会把它发送给错误的人）指出了这样做会产生的后果，衔接上文恰当，故选D项。 【19题详解】 上文“Finally, cookies are designed to improve your browsing(浏览) experience by tracking and saving information about your visits to a site, helping to personalize your sessions.”（最后，缓存文件的设计是为了通过跟踪和保存你访问网站的信息来改善您的浏览体验，使你的会话个性化。）说明了缓存文件的目的，结合下文“but there are certain apps which can block them if you don’t feel comfortable.”（但如果你觉得不舒服，有些应用程序可以屏蔽它们。）可知，B项“Deleting your browsing history may help”（删除浏览记录可能会有所帮助）衔接上文，说明了若想保护隐私，可以删除浏览记录，引出下文更直接的保护方法，即“有些应用程序可以屏蔽它们”，衔接恰当。故选B项。 【20题详解】 下文“maybe only share things you’d be happy with a stranger seeing—and if you don’t feel comfortable with cookies, you might decide to invest in some tech to block them.”（也许只和陌生人分享你愿意分享的东西——如果你对缓存文件感到不舒服，你可能会决定使用一些技术手段来阻止它们。）说明了想要保护隐私的一种做法，即“只和陌生人分享你愿意分享的东西”，C项“So, if you want to maintain your privacy online”（所以，如果你想在网上保护你的隐私）引出下文保护隐私的做法，衔接恰当。故选C项。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Man’s best friend is being credited with saving his owner’s life during a scare. 81-year-old Harry Smith of Port St. Lucie, Florida is a man of ___21___. He takes his 9-year-old dog Sarah Jane for a walk around the lake across the street from his house twice a day, every day. Smith, who uses an electric wheelchair to ___22___, was on one of his regular walks when something ___23___ happened. The left wheel of his wheelchair got ___24___in a pit (坑), and as he tried to reverse out of the dirt, his wheelchair lost traction. He ended up rolling down the ___25___ and flipping off his wheelchair into the lake. Sensing her owner was in ___26___, Sarah Jane began barking loudly as Smith ___27___to keep his head above water. Her persistent barking___28___ the attention of two neighbors working in their driveway across the street, who rushed over to see what the ___29___ was about. One of those men was Edward Shuling, who said he ____30____ thought the dog may have gotten into a fight with an alligator, before he saw Smith’s head sticking out of the water. Shuling instantly____31____ in. A second neighbor, Aby “Jacob” Chacko, was ____32____ closely and happened to spot Officer Adam on his way down to the water. Together, the three men____33____Smith out of the water and back to safety, much to his and Sarah Jane’s____34____. “We are thankful for Mr. Smith’s dog and the two bystanders that helped save his life!” the post reads. “And as the saying remains ____35____...A man’s best friend is his dog.” 21. A. action B. routine C. virtue D. character 22. A. glance around B. come around C. get around D. turn around 23. A. unusual B. strange C. difficult D. puzzling 24. A. stuck B. separated C. hit D. broken 25. A. hill B. bank C. river D. wheelchair 26. A. doubt B. depth C. trouble D. despair 27. A. hurried B. waved C. struggled D. jumped 28. A. distracted B. focused C. demanded D. caught 29. A. noise B. incident C. scene D. event 30. A. additionally B. initially C. eventually D. similarly 31. A. turned B. fell C. checked D. jumped 32. A. appearing B. following C. moving D. coming 33. A. pulled B. seized C. tore D. kicked 34. A. delight B. amusement C. surprise D. relief 35. A. certain B. familiar C. true D. popular 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了某天史密斯不幸落水，狗狗Sarah Jane通过大叫引来了附近的两个邻居和警长，在他们三人的共同努力下，史密斯获救。这个故事告诉我们，狗狗是人类最好的朋友。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：佛罗里达州圣卢西港81岁的哈里·史密斯是一个循例的人。A. action行为；B. routine例行程序，常规；C. virtue美德；D. character角色。根据下文“He takes his 9-year-old dog Sarah Jane for a walk around the lake across the street from his house twice a day, every day.”可知，史密斯在生活中是循例的。且下文“his regular walks”也是提示。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：史密斯使用电动轮椅四处走动，他在一次例行散步中发生了不寻常的事情。A. glance around环视；B. come around苏醒，恢复知觉；C. get around到处走，传开；D. turn around转身。根据上文“He takes his 9-year-old dog Sarah Jane for a walk around the lake across the street from his house twice à day, every day.”可知，史密斯每天都坐着轮椅去散步，四处走走。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：史密斯使用电动轮椅四处走动，他在一次例行散步中发生了不寻常的事情。A. unusual不寻常的；B. strange奇怪的；C. difficult困难的；D. puzzling令人不解的。根据下文“The left wheel of his wheelchair got ___4___in a pit (坑), and as he tried to reverse out of the dirt, his wheelchair lost traction.”可知，这次史密斯散步时发生了不寻常的事情。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的轮椅左轮卡在坑里，当他试图倒车离开泥土时，轮椅失去了牵引力。A. stuck被困住的；B. separated分开的；C. hit被打的；D. broken坏的。根据下文“as he tried to reverse out of the dirt”可知，史密斯的轮椅卡在了坑里。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后他滚下了河岸，从轮椅上摔了下来掉进了湖里。A. hill小山；B. bank银行，河堤；C. river小河；D. wheelchair轮椅。根据下文“flipping off his wheelchair into the lake”可知，史密斯滚下了河岸。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当史密斯挣扎着把头露出水面时，莎拉·简意识到她的主人遇到了麻烦，开始大声吠叫。A. doubt怀疑；B. depth深度；C. trouble麻烦；D. despair绝望。根据上文“flipping off his wheelchair into the lake”可知，史密斯掉进了湖里，可得出史密斯遇到了麻烦。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当史密斯挣扎着把头露出水面时，莎拉·简意识到她的主人遇到了麻烦，开始大声吠叫。A. hurried匆忙；B. waved挥动；C. struggled挣扎；D. jumped跳跃。结合常识和史密斯是残疾人可知，掉入水中时他会挣扎，努力让自己不被水淹。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她持续不断的吠叫引起了街对面车道上两个正在工作的邻居的注意，他们冲过去看看噪音是怎么回事。 A. distracted使……分心；B. focused关注，专注；C. demanded要求；D. caught抓住，赶上。根据下文“who rushed over to see what the ___9___ was about.”可知，狗的吠叫引起了邻居的注意，catch one’s attention“引起某人的注意”。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她持续不断的吠叫引起了街对面车道上两个正在工作的邻居的注意，他们冲过去看看噪音是怎么回事。A. noise噪音；B. incident事件；C. scene场景，场面；D. event事件，比赛项目。根据上文“Sarah Jane began barking loudly”可知，此处是指狗叫发出的噪音。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：其中一名男子是爱德华·舒林，他说，在看到史密斯的头伸出水面之前，他最初认为这条狗可能与一只短吻鳄打架。A. additionally此外；B. initially最初；C. eventually最后；D. similarly相似地。根据下文“before he saw Smith’s head sticking out of the water.”可知，此处是指爱德华·舒林最初以为是狗在和短吻鳄打架，但当他看到史密斯的头部后明白了是怎么回事。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：爱德华·舒林立即跳进了水里。A. turned转动；B. fell落下；C. checked核查；D. jumped跳。根据上文“flipping off his wheelchair into the lake”可知，此处是指爱德华·舒林跳进水里去救落水的史密斯。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：另一个邻居，阿比·雅各布·查科紧紧地跟在后面，碰巧看到亚当警官在去河边的路上。A. appearing出现；B. following跟随；C. moving 移动，搬动；D. coming来到。根据下文“closely”推知，此处是指阿比·雅各布·查科紧跟在爱德华·舒林的后面，他也是来救史密斯的。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：三个人一起把史密斯从水里拖了出来，回到了安全的地方，这让他和莎拉·简如释重负。A. pulled拉；B. seized抓住；C. tore撕碎；D. kicked踢。结合常识可知，此处是指三个人合力把落水的史密斯拉了出来。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。三个人一起把史密斯从水里拖了出来，回到了安全的地方，这让他和莎拉·简如释重负。A. delight高兴；B. amusement快乐；C. surprise惊讶，惊喜；D. relief宽慰，轻松。根据上文“and back to safety”可知，史密斯安全了，这让他和狗狗都松了口气。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：正如谚语所说的那样……一个人最好的朋友是他的狗。A. certain确定的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. true真的；D. popular受欢迎的，流行的。结合句意，此处考查固定表达as the saying remains true (正如谚语所说的那样)。故选C。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 About 1.4 billion people around the world do not get enough physical exercise.This number comes ___36___the United Nations' World Health Organization(WHO).A new WHO report warns that a lack of exercise ___37___(great)increases the risk of health problems.The WHO says the new study is the first___38___ (estimate)physical activity trends around the world over time.The report said the levels of physical inactivity are more than two times as high in ___39___(wealth)countries as they are in countries where people earn low wages.In richer countries,people are more likely to spend time ___40___（sit)in offices. How much activity should we get? To stay healthy,the report ___41___(suggest)that people do at least 150 minutes of moderate(适中的）physical activity or 75 minutes of intense physical activity every week.If you work in a high-rise office building,take the stairs instead of an elevator.Take more ___42___(break)during the work day and move around.If your workplace offers ___43___gym,make sure to use it.It also urges governments to provide and care for infrastructure(基础设施），such as better and___44___ (safe)roads.This would help support increased walking ___45___cycling for transportation,as well as sports and physical recreation. 【答案】36. from 37. greatly 38. to estimate 39. wealthy 40. sitting 41. suggests 42. breaks 43. a 44. safer 45. and 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了联合国世界卫生组织的一篇报道，报道指出全球14亿人缺乏锻炼，并针对如何保持健康提出建议。 【36题详解】 考查介词。句意：这个数字来自联合国世界卫生组织。固定短语come from意为“来自”。故填from。 【37题详解】 考查副词。副词修饰动词，此空修饰动词increases，因此把形容词great变为副词greatly。故填greatly。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。the加序数词加to do 不定式。故填to estimate。 【39题详解】 考查形容词。形容词修饰名词作定语。此空修饰空后的名词countries，应用形容词，因此将名词wealth变成形容词wealthy。故填wealthy。 【40题详解】 考查动名词。固定短spend time doing sth.意为“花费时间做某事”。故填sitting。 【41题详解】 考查主谓一致。主语the report是单数，谓语动词suggest应用单三形式。故填suggests。 【42题详解】 考查名词复数。前面定语为more，意为更多的，后接名词复数。故填breaks。 【43题详解】 考查冠词。句意：如果你工作的地方会提供一个运动场地。表示泛指，用不定冠词。故填a。 【44题详解】 考查形容词的比较级。and是连词，表并列关系，and前是better，形容词比较级，则and后也应该是比较级。故填safer。 【45题详解】 考查连词。句意：这将有助于支持增加步行和骑自行车的交通方式，以及体育和体育娱乐。此处walking和cycling是并列关系。故填and。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 最近，你校英文报体育专栏正在征稿，请你以“Sports and Me”为题写一篇英语短文投稿，内容包括： 1.你最喜欢的运动； 2.你喜欢它的原因。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Sports and Me ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Sports and Me Many people like sports. When it comes to my favorite sport, it is basketball. The first time I watched an NBA game, I became crazy about basketball because the stars looked so cool on TV. Ever since then, I have lost my heart to the sport. I love basketball for two main reasons. For one thing it requires me to run, jump, switch and try to hit! I’m like wind flying for my goal, which makes me feel so great! For another, basketball, a team sport, makes it necessary to cooperate with others. Therefore, I have made many good friends while playing it. I have played basketball for more than 5 years, and it will still be my favorite sport in the future. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。考生所在校英文报体育专栏正在征稿，要求考生以“Sports and Me”为题写一篇英语短文投稿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 喜欢：like→be fond of 因为：because→as 合作：cooperate→collaborate 要求：require→request 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I have played basketball for more than 5 years, and it will still be my favorite sport in the future. 拓展句：I have played basketball for more than 5 years, which will still be my favorite sport in the future. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m like wind flying for my goal, which makes me feel so great!（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Therefore, I have made many good friends while playing it.（运用了状语从句的省略） 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Allen was playing in his room. He heard a familiar chirping and rustling from the cage in the bedroom corner. It was his beloved Blue Finch, named Mary. The boy had cared for the bird since he was six, a gift from his mother for graduating from kindergarten and entering primary school. Now, at 12 years old, Allen had just recently celebrated his primary school graduation and was about to take another step in his life journey toward junior high school. For the past six years, Mary was his constant companion and closest friend. As he grew up, Allen found it difficult to make friends or be close to others. Having had to move around many times and transfer schools due to his father’s work in the military, Allen never felt like he truly belonged in any one place. He always knew it wouldn’t be long before he would have to move yet again. The stress and pressure of a constantly mobile life also led to strain and pressure at home, leading to loud arguments and fights between his mother and father which he could hear from behind closed doors. But, throughout all of this. Allen’s closest friend and companion-the true source of stability in his life — was Mary, his finch. But Mary was more than just a simple, calm pet: whenever Allen felt sad, the bird would always be singing and chirping, almost as if she sensed how he felt and wanted to lift his spirits. And when Allen fed the bird, Mary always moved across her branch to rest against his finger, never failing to bring a smile to Allen’s face. Yet, one summer day after Allen had come home after a walk at the park he found the window of his bedroom open and the door of Mary’s cage open-the-bird was gone. Suddenly, Allen realized that he must have left the cage open after cleaning it and forgot about the window being open on such a hot day. Upset, Allen fell down to the floor sobbing. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150词左右； 2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Upon hearing the noise, Allen’s mother rushed upstairs and asked what had happened. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Filled with anticipation, Allen and his mother went outside to look for Mary. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Upon hearing the noise, Allen’s mother rushed upstairs and asked what had happened. “Mary, she’s…she’s gone,” Allen sighed sadly with disappointment. “Don’t worry, honey,” said his mother, trying to convey comfort and confidence, “Let’s move together and find Mary. Six years of companion has established a close bond between both of you. She will definitely come back to her family.” Allen’s mother then kissed him fondly on the forehead and helped him back up from the floor. Hand in hand, they made their way downstairs and to the front door. Filled with anticipation, Allen and his mother went outside to look for Mary. They called out Mary’s name, even imitating bird sounds as they walked down the street. They scanned their way down one block after another-eventually they found themselves at the entrance of the park Allen and Mary had been to multiple times. Amazingly, it was Mary that was perching atop of the bench where Allen always liked to sit in times of sorrow and loneliness. At the sight of Allen, Mary unhesitatingly spread her wings and flew, chirping all the way, into Allen’s cupped hand. His mother was right after all: Mary always found her way back to Allen’s heart. 【解析】 【导语】文章以男孩和蓝鹊Mary的故事展开，艾伦从6岁开始就开始养Mary，Mary对他来说不仅是宠物鸟，更是他的朋友。因为父亲在军队工作，艾伦需要常常搬家，换新的学校，因此他发现很难和别人相处。每当艾伦感到悲伤时，Mary的叫声就像给他安慰。但是有一天，艾伦忘记关窗户，Mary飞走了，艾伦非常难过。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①根据第一段首句“一听到声音。艾伦的母亲冲上楼，问发生了什么事”可知，下文可描写妈妈安慰艾伦，并带着他一起去寻找Mary。 ②根据第二段首句“艾伦和妈妈满怀期待地出去找玛丽”可知，下文可描写他们寻找Mary的经过，以及最终找到Mary。 2.续写线索： 妈妈去楼上询问——得知Mary飞走——安慰艾伦——一起出去寻找——寻找的过程——发现Mary——Mary飞到艾伦手上——妈妈的感悟 3.词类激活 行为类 ①表达：express/convey ②建立：establish/set up ③展开：spread/extend 情绪类 ①悲伤地：sadly/sorrowfully ②失望：disappointment/upset 【点睛】[高分句型1] “Don’t worry, honey,” said his mother, trying to convey comfort and confidence, “Let’s move together and find Mary. （运用了现在分词作状语） [高分句型2] Amazingly, it was Mary that was perching atop of the bench where Allen always liked to sit in times of sorrow and loneliness.（运用了where引导的定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$