精品解析：湖南省常德市第一中学2023-2024学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题

湖南省常德市一中2023-2024学年下学期期末考试 高二英语 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生务必先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题纸上，认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号，并将条形码粘贴在答题纸上的指定位置上。 2.选择题答案使用2B铅笔填涂，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号；非选择题答案用0.5毫米的黑色中性（签宇）笔或碳素笔书写，字体工整，笔迹清楚。 3.请按照题号在各题的答题区域（黑色线框）内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效。 4.保持纸面清洁，不折叠，不破损。 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Are you looking for destinations of your summer trips? Let’s check it out! Singapore Singapore is an energetic multicultural city-state in Southeast Asia. It offers a unique mix of Chinese, Malay, Indian, and Western cultures. The city has an impressive skyline and is a center for business, shopping, and dining. Visitors can explore the busy markets of Chinatown, Little India, and Arab Street, as well as the Gardens by the Bay and the Marina Bay Sands. Istanbul Istanbul is a city where two continents meet, Europe and Asia. It is a cultural melting pot with influences from Greek, Roman, Byzantine, and Ottoman empires. The city features amazing architecture, such as the Hagia Sophia and Blue Mosque, and a rich cooking scene with traditional Turkish delights. Visitors can also take a boat ride across the Bosphorus Strait to explore the Asian side of the city. Hong Kong Hong Kong is a busy international city in China that combines Eastern and Western cultures. The city is famous for its skyscrapers, street markets, and delicious snacks. Visitors can explore the city's historic streets in Central, take a cable car(缆车) up to Victoria Peak for fascinating views, or visit the giant Buddha statue on Lantau Island. Toronto Toronto is Canada’s largest city and is known for its multiculturalism and diversity. The city is home to over 140 languages, and over half of its population was born outside of Canada. Toronto’s cultural scene reflects this diversity, with numerous festivals celebrating different cultures, such as Caribana, the Toronto International Film Festival, and the Taste of the Danforth Greek festival Click here for more information about the attractive destinations in the world! 1. Where can tourists experience a mix of ancient European and Asian cultures? A. Toronto. B. Hong Kong C. Istanbul. D. Singapore. 2. What is special about Toronto? A. It covers the largest area of the four. B. The native people are in the majority. C. I towns a range of street markets. D. It offers chances to experience festivals. 3. What do the four destinations have in common? A. Cultural diversity. B. Unique architecture. C. Convenient transport. D. Distinctive languages. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是应用文。文章介绍了四个夏季旅游目的地。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Istanbul部分的“Istanbul is a city where two continents meet, Europe and Asia. It is a cultural melting pot with influences from Greek, Roman, Byzantine, and Ottoman empires. (伊斯坦布尔是欧洲和亚洲两大洲交汇的城市。它是一个文化大熔炉，受到希腊、罗马、拜占庭和奥斯曼帝国的影响。)”可知，在伊斯坦布尔游客能体验到古代欧洲和亚洲文化的融合。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Toronto部分的“Toronto's cultural scene reflects this diversity, with numerous festivals celebrating different cultures, such as Caribana, the Toronto International Film Festival, and the Taste of the Danforth Greek festival(多伦多的文化景观反映了这种多样性，有许多庆祝不同文化的节日，例如Caribana，多伦多国际电影节和Danforth希腊节的味道)”可知，多伦多提供了体验节日的经历。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“Singapore is an energetic multicultural city-state in Southeast Asia.(新加坡是东南亚一个充满活力的多元文化城邦。)”，第三段的“ It is a cultural melting pot with influences from Greek, Roman, Byzantine, and Ottoman empires. (它是一个文化大熔炉，受到希腊、罗马、拜占庭和奥斯曼帝国的影响。)”，第四段的“Hong Kong is a busy international city in China that combines Eastern and Western cultures. (香港是中国一个繁忙的国际城市，融合了东西方文化。)”以及第五段的“Toronto is Canada's largest city and is known for its multiculturalism and diversity.(多伦多是加拿大最大的城市，以其多元文化和多样性而闻名。)”可知，这四个城市都有文化的多样性。故选A。 B A woman in a cap wanders calmly along. Except for the lava (熔岩) erupting behind her, she could be walking in the park. The woman turns to watch the molten rock flow for a moment then walks calmly toward the camera. The footage(镜头) is from Werner Herzog’s book to volcanoes and volcano hunters, Into the Inferno, and the woman pictured is perhaps one of the most important volcanologists of all time, Katia Krafft. Born in France, in 1942, Katia developed an interest in volcanoes at an early age. Later, she met Maurice Krafft. The pair bonded over their shared love of volcanoes before marrying in 1970. The Kraffts wrote about 20 books on volcanoes across the globe. Katia and her husband made great progress in educating the general public in volcanology. Their footage had more than scientific value. For instance, when Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines began to show signs of an eruption in 1991, the Kraffts were able to present Philippine President Cory Aquino with video footage of the effects of the 1985 eruption of Nevado del Ruiz in Colombia, asking him to call for an evacuation of those in the danger zone. In 1969, Katia was awarded the prize of the Vocation Foundation for her work on active volcanic sites. The couple lost their lives, along with more than 40 others during the eruption of Mount Unzen in Japan on June 3.1991. when they were caught in a flow of rock, gas and ash moving at speeds of over 100 miles per hour, with temperatures of more than 800 degrees Fahrenheit. Katia was 49; Maurice, 45. Katia’s impact on volcanology has reached far beyond her death and has encouraged many young women to study our restless planet. “Katia Krafft is definitely the reason why I’m doing this job,” says Carla Tiraboschi, a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Minster, Germany. Carla first saw Katia in a documentary when she was just six or seven years old and has been crazy about volcanoes ever since. 4. What can we infer from the book Into the Inferno? A. Its author is Katia Krafft. B. It’s a biography of Katia Krafft. C. It calls on protecting the environment. D. It focuses on volcanoes and their explorers. 5. What do we know about the couple? A. They prevented a natural disaster. B. They served as a warning in Japan. C They helped spread volcano science. D. They covered Mount Pinatubo’s eruption. 6. Which can replace the underlined word “evacuation” in paragraph 3? A. Substance. B. Departure. C. Occupation. D. Intervention. 7. How did Katia influence Carla Tiraboschi? A. Katia’s death made her restless. B. Katia helped her with her research. C. Katia taught her to make a documentary. D. Katia’s deeds inspired her career choice. 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本篇是一篇记叙文。Katia Krafft是一位来自法国的火山学家。在那个火山研究并不成熟的年代，她几十年如一日地追逐着危险的活火山，留下了无数惊人的影像与图像档案。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The footage is from Werner Herzog’s book to volcanoes and volcano hunters, Into the Inferno, and the woman pictured is perhaps one of the most important volcanologists of all time, Katia Krafft.(这张镜头来自沃纳·赫尔佐的书《深入火心》，照片中的女人可能是有史以来最重要的火山学家之一，卡蒂亚·克拉夫特)”可推知，该书主要介绍火山科学家探索世界上火山的故事。故选D。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Katia and her husband made great progress in educating the general public in volcanology.(卡蒂亚和她的丈夫在对公众进行火山学教育方面取得了很大进展)”可知，这对夫妇帮助传播火山的科学知识。故选C。 【6题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线词前文“For instance, when Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines began to show signs of an eruption in 1991, the Kraffts were able to present Philippine President Cory Aquino with video footage of the effects of the 1985 eruption of Nevado del Ruiz in Colombia, asking him to call for an(例如，当菲律宾的皮纳图博火山在1991年开始出现喷发迹象时，克拉夫特一家向菲律宾总统阿基诺提供了1985年哥伦比亚内华达德尔鲁伊斯火山喷发影响的视频片段，请他下令进行一次)”及“those in the danger zone(那些在危险地带的人)”可知，当火山有喷发迹象时，应让人们离开，疏散他们，evacuation表示“疏散、离开”，与departure意思相近。故选B。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段““Katia Krafft is definitely the reason why I’m doing this job,” says Carla Tiraboschi, a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Minster, Germany. Carla first saw Katia in a documentary when she was just six or seven years old and has been crazy about volcanoes ever since.(“卡蒂亚·克拉夫特绝对是我从事这项工作的原因，”德国明斯特大学的博士后研究员卡拉·蒂拉博斯基说。卡拉在六七岁的时候第一次在纪录片中看到卡蒂亚，从那以后她就对火山着迷了)”可知，Carla Tiraboschi受Katia Krafft的事迹鼓舞，选择从事火山研究。故选D。 C In ancient Maya civilization, cacao — which chocolate is made from — wasn’t just for the elites (精英). Traces of the sacred plant show up in antiques from all types of neighborhoods and in and around a former Maya city, researchers report in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The finding suggests that, contrary to previous thinking, cacao was consumed at every social level of Maya society. “Now we know that the ceremonies with cacao were likely played out by everyone,” says AnabelFord, an archaeologist at the University of California, Santa Barbara. Cacao was sacred to the ancient Maya, consumed in ceremonies and used as a currency. The cacao tree itself was linked to Hun Hunahpu, a Mayan god. Previous research found cacao in burials (墓地), suggesting that its use was restricted to those at the top. To explore the extent to which cacao was used in broader Maya society, Ford and colleagues examined 54 antiques dating from A. D. 600 to 900. The antiques come from jars, mixing bowls, serving plates and vases thought to be drinking vessels. All the pieces were found in residential and ceremonial civic areas of varying size and status from city centers, foothills, upland areas and the valley around the former Maya city of El Pilar, on the present-day border of Guatemala and Belize. To identify cacao, the researchers searched for theophylline, a compound found in trace amounts in the plant. The team found the compound on more than half of the samples, on all types of antiques and distributed throughout social contexts. Future research will move beyond who consumed cacao and explore the role of farmers in managing the critical resource. “A better question is to understand who grew it,” Ford says, because those people probably had greater access to the valuable commodity. 8. What do traces of cacao found in Mayan antiques indicate? A Cacao was once unique to Maya society. B. Cacao was only available to wealthy Mayan people. C. Cacao was accessible to Mayan ordinary people. D. Cacao left more traces in the Mayan city center. 9. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs? A. There is no need to do further research on cacao. B. Mayan people liked eating chocolate very much. C. Mayan festivals were the same as those of the modern times. D. There were some limitations in previous research about cacao. 10. Why did Ford and his colleagues examine 54 antiques? A. To make copies of Mayan antiques. B. To learn about the Mayan eating habits. C. To find out cacao’s relationship with the religion. D. To know about Mayan social groups of cacao use. 11. Which of the following will be the focus of the research about cacao? A. The varieties of cacao. B. Ways cacao was spread out. C. Cacao tree growers. D. The cacao’s value. 【答案】8. C 9. D 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。在一个昔日的玛雅城市及其周边的各种类型的社区的文物中都发现了可可的踪迹，这一发现表明，玛雅社会的各个阶层都在食用可可。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“In ancient Maya civilization, cacao — which chocolate is made from — wasn’t just for the elites (精英).(在古代玛雅文明中，可可豆——巧克力的原料——不仅仅是精英阶层的专利)”和最后一句“The finding suggests that, contrary to previous thinking, cacao was consumed at every social level of Maya society.(这一发现表明，与之前的想法相反，可可在玛雅社会的每个社会阶层都被消费)”可知，在玛雅文物中发现的可可的踪迹表明，玛雅社会的各个阶层都可以食用可可。故选C。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。通读前两段，结合第二段中“Now we know that the ceremonies with cacao were likely played out by everyone(现在我们知道，用可可的仪式可能是每个人都参加的)”和“Previous research found cacao in burials (墓地), suggesting that its use was restricted to those at the top.(之前的研究在墓地中发现了可可，这表明可可的使用仅限于上层人士)”可知，当前的发现表明，过去，在仪式上，每个人都可以食用可可，而以前的研究表明，只有玛雅的上层社会才可以食用可可，由此可推知，以前的研究是有局限性的。故选D。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“To explore the extent to which cacao was used in broader Maya society, Ford and colleagues examined 54 antiques dating from A. D. 600 to 900.(为了探索可可豆在更广泛的玛雅社会中的使用程度，福特和他的同事检查了54件可追溯到公元600年至900年的古董)”可知，Ford和他的同事们检查54件文物是为了探究可可在玛雅社会中的使用范围。故选D。 11题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Future research will move beyond who consumed cacao and explore the role of farmers in managing the critical resource. ‘A better question is to understand who grew it,’(未来的研究将超越谁消费了可可，并探索农民在管理这一关键资源中的作用。‘更好的问题是了解是谁种植的，’)”可知，可可树的种植者会是未来关于可可的研究的重点。故选C。 D Electric vehicles (EVs) now are not practical for long-distance travel due to the need for repeated or lengthy stops at charging stations. But what if they could — like planes being refueled in the air from another aircraft — get a charge-on-the-go? The idea sounds impossible, but there are already technologies in use that would help charge specialized vehicles. With rural electric charging stations almost non-existent, Swarup Bhunia and engineers at the University of Florida, Gainesville, are suggesting that “car-to-car charging” and “mobile charging stations” could likely solve this problem faster than the sudden increase of charging points or battery advancements. Along with mobile charging stations idea, Bhunia believes that if more and more people buy electric cars, it would be super-efficient if all cars on road could share charge with one another. What Bhunia and his team are describing is a cloud system that examines all of the EV drivers on the road, where they are going, and how much charge each vehicle has. The cloud then determines, for example, that EV-A has an 89% battery charge, but requires only 4% to reach its destination, while EV-B has a 22% battery charge, yet requires 31% to reach its destination. If the two EVs are going in the same direction, the system would instruct them to carry out the charge transfer. The system would then link the provider with the receiver, and a credit system would ensure that everyone is paying for the charge they use. Inside the given traffic network, every vehicled charge could be examined against each vehicle’s demand, and “mobile charging stations,’’ which would be large automated trucks with onboard charging equipment to fill in the demand gaps. “We imagine a safe and firm telescopic arm (伸缩臂) carrying the charging cable,’’ said Bhunia, describing how to get one charge into another car while running down the freeway, much like to aircraft during mid-air refueling. After two EVs lock speed and are in range for charge sharing, they will extend their charging arms. 12. To realize long-distance travel for EVs faster, Bhunia agrees with . A stops at charging stations B. mobile charging stations. C. increase of charging points D. battery advancements 13. According to the text, the cloud system can . A. determine where EVs are going and how EVs will be charged B. figure out how much charge a car need to reach its destination C. work out the problems drivers meet when a charge transfer occurs D. guarantee that all the drivers are paying for the charge they get 14. What are mobile charging stations? A. Power plants for the charge transfer. B. Charging equipment to fill in the charge gaps. C. Vehicles providing charge for other cars. D. Trucks getting charges from other vehicles. 15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Can we charge EVs with car-to-car mobile charging? B. Can charging points be a possible way to charge EVs? C. How does a cloud system make charging EVs easier? D. How do we charge EVs with mobile charging stations? 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. C 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。由于需要在充电站反复或长时间停车，电动汽车现在不适合长途旅行，而有工程师提出可以通过“车对车充电”和“移动充电站”来给电动汽车充电。这两种充电方式需要通过一种名为“云系统”的系统来完成，文章介绍了其工作原理和操作方式。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“With rural electric charging stations almost non-existent, Swarup Bhunia and engineers at the University of Florida, Gainesville, are suggesting that “car-to-car charging” and “mobile charging stations” could likely solve this problem faster than the sudden increase of charging points or battery advancements.(由于农村地区几乎没有充电站，Swarup Bhunia和佛罗里达大学盖恩斯维尔分校的工程师们提出，“车对车充电”和“移动充电站”可能比充电点的突然增加或电池的进步更快地解决这个问题)”可知，为了更快地实现电动汽车的长途旅行，Bhunia同意移动充电站的想法。故选B。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“The system would then link the provider with the receiver, and a credit system would ensure that everyone is paying for the charge they use.(然后，该系统将连接提供者和接受者，信用系统将确保每个人都为他们使用的电荷付费)”可知，云系统可以保证所有的司机都为他们所获得的电荷付费。故选D。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Inside the given traffic network, every vehicled charge could be examined against each vehicle’s demand, and “mobile charging stations,’’ which would be large automated trucks with onboard charging equipment to fill in the demand gaps.(在给定的交通网络中，每辆汽车的充电都可以根据每辆汽车的需求进行检查，“移动充电站”是指配备车载充电设备的大型自动卡车，以填补需求缺口)”可知，移动充电站是为其他车辆充电的车辆。故选C。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Electric vehicles (EVs) now are not practical for long-distance travel due to the need for repeated or lengthy stops at charging stations. But what if they could — like planes being refueled in the air from another aircraft — get a charge-on-the-go?(由于需要在充电站反复或长时间停车，电动汽车现在不适合长途旅行。但如果它们能像飞机在空中被另一架飞机加油一样，在路途中充电呢？)”结合文章说明了由于需要在充电站反复或长时间停车，电动汽车现在不适合长途旅行，而有工程师提出可以通过“车对车充电”和“移动充电站”来给电动汽车充电。这两种充电方式需要通过一种名为“云系统”的系统来完成，文章介绍了其工作原理和操作方式。故C选项“云系统如何使电动汽车充电更容易？”最符合文章标题。故选C。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 We’ve heard of IQ and EQ, which are commonly used. But have you heard of AQ — adversity quotient (逆境商数)? Sometimes, unfavorable situations can take us by surprise or shock us. It could be failed friendships or financial hard times in our life. _____16_____ AQ measures our ability to hear the shocks. It can be used to predict our attitudes, perseverance, and the way we deal with changes in life and work. So the ability is important not only in life but also in work. _____17_____ Luckily, there are some suggestions to help you be more resilient (适应力的) and adaptable in the face of adversity (逆境), according to Dr Shahram Heshmat, a professor of health economics. * _____18_____ Resilient people often have an aim and are able to concentrate more on a desired outcome, seeing negative situations as a small stone on the way to achieving their goals. * Learn to relax and regulate your emotions. _____19_____ Talking about unpleasant things in detail can make you stressed and breathe heavily. To see difficulties more as an opportunity to learn and grow is important emotionally. * Ensure you have a good social support network. You should learn to pour out the trouble to families or close friends. _____20_____ In short, we can’t predict and prevent something unpleasant. But, if we develop our resilience, it will become easier to get through such hard times. A. Try to find a meaningful goal. B. Deal with the ups and downs of life. C. But how can we develop our resilience? D. The support of others can help you adapt quickly. E. Our resilience is a must when there is a great change. F. Also it could be missing a chance of promotion in work. G. It helps you relieve stress by practising breathing calmly. 【答案】16. F 17. C 18. A 19. G 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了逆境商数的概念和重要性，并给出了一些提高适应力和适应逆境的建议。 【16题详解】 根据上文“It could be failed friendships or financial hard times in our life.（它可能是失败的友谊或我们生活中的经济困难时期。）”可知此处应继续列举生活中其他的逆境情况，F项“Also it could be missing a chance of promotion in work.”（也可能是错过工作中的晋升机会。）符合语境，故选F。 【17题详解】 根据下文“Luckily, there are some suggestions to help you be more resilient (适应力的) and adaptable in the face of adversity (逆境)（幸运的是，有一些建议可以帮助你在面对逆境时更有弹性和适应能力。）”可知此处提出如何培养适应力的问题，C项“But how can we develop our resilience?”（但是我们如何培养我们的适应力呢？）符合语境，故选C。 【18题详解】 根据下文“Resilient people often have an aim and are able to concentrate more on a desired outcome（有适应力的人通常有一个目标，并且能够更专注于一个期望的结果）”可知此处强调要找到有意义的目标，A项“Try to find a meaningful goal.”（试着找到一个有意义的目标。）符合语境，故选A。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Learn to relax and regulate your emotions.（学会放松和调节你的情绪。）”以及下文“Talking about unpleasant things in detail can make you stressed and breathe heavily.（详细谈论不愉快的事情会让你感到压力并呼吸沉重。）”可知此处应说明放松调节情绪的具体方式，G项“It helps you relieve stress by practising breathing calmly.（它通过练习平静呼吸来帮助你缓解压力。）”符合语境，故选G。 【20题详解】 根据上文“You should learn to pour out the trouble to families or close friends.（你应该学会向家人或亲密朋友倾诉烦恼。）”可知此处强调他人支持的作用，D项“The support of others can help you adapt quickly.（他人的支持可以帮助你快速适应。）”符合语境，故选D。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 This past summer was really special for Jaequan Faulkner, a 13-year-old boy living in Minneapolis, Minnesota. He set up a hot dog ____21____ outside his home to make some extra money. The boy took care to make sure that all food was fresh and clean. People in the neighborhood ____22____ the boy’s spirit, but there was only one ____23____: he didn’t have a permit. When the Department of Health received a complaint, instead of shutting down Jaequan’s stand, they did something ____24____. They helped the teenager get a permit so that his business could ____25____. Daniel Huff, director of the department, said they were ____26____ to help a young man with such a sense of ____27____. The health inspectors helped to pay for his first permit. Then, Huff took another step and helped ____28____ Jaequan with the Economic Opportunity Network, which gave the young businessman tips on ____29____ a small business. “I was kind of ____30____ and so grateful,” Jaequan said about all the ____31____. “Because usually I would have one person at a time doing me a ____32____, but there proved to be so many kind people at once.” The food stand now operates with a ____33____ and is open four hours daily from 11 am to 3 pm. Jaequan handles 90 percent of the business, and he is also planning to ____34____ to organizations that help teenagers in need. With such an experience, the boy surely is going to have a ____35____ future. 21. A. store B. stand C. factory D. tent 22. A. declared B. appreciated C. suspected D. trusted 23. A. advantage B. strategy C. problem D. request 24. A. official B. efficient C. commercial D. special 25. A. survive B. remove C. respond D. profit 26. A. willing B. curious C. hesitant D. scared 27. A. direction B. duty C. business D. humour 28. A. comment B. connect C. cut D. charge 29. A. delivering B. stopping C. starting D. running 30. A. disappointed B. surprised C. frightened D. addicted 31. A. credit B. trouble C. inspiration D. support 32. A. favour B. promise C. performance D. form 33. A. feature B. document C. container D. permit 34. A. apply B. donate C. devote D. refer 35. A. various B. unfortunate C. bright D. sharp 【答案】21. B 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述Jaequan在开热狗摊位时，遇到了困难并得到了很多人的帮助，并决定通过自己的力量帮助其他需要帮助的人。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他在家门外开了一个热狗摊，赚点外快。A. store商店；B. stand摊位；C. factory工厂；D. tent帐篷。根据下文“When the Department of Health received a complaint, instead of shutting down Jaequan’s stand, they did something special.”可知，Jaequan开了个热狗摊，故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：附近的人很欣赏这个男孩的精神，但只有一个问题：他没有许可证。A. declared宣布；B. appreciated欣赏；C. suspected怀疑；D. trusted相信。根据“but there was only one ____3____: he didn’t have a permit.”可知，but表示转折，前后小句语义相反。本句指“Jaequan的摊位有问题”，故推知前文应指“赞许，欣赏Jaequan的创业精神”，故选B。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：附近的人很欣赏这个男孩的精神，但只有一个问题：他没有许可证。A. advantage优点；B. strategy策略；C. problem问题；D. request要求。根据“he didn’t have a permit.”及“When the Department of Health received a complaint”可知，因为没有许可证，Jaequan遭到投诉。故推知没有许可证是Jaequan摊位存在的问题，故选C。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当卫生部收到投诉后，他们没有关闭Jaequan的摊位，而是做了一些特别的事情。A. official官方的；B. efficient有效的；C. commercial商业的；D. special特别的。根据后文“The health inspectors helped to pay for his first permit. Then, Huff took another step and helped ____8____ Jaequan with the Economic Opportunity Network, which gave the young businessman tips on ____9____ a small business.”他们帮助这名少年获得了许可证，以便他的生意能够继续存在，并帮助他获得经营小企业的技巧，可知卫生部门做了一些特别的事情。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们帮助这名少年获得了许可证，以便他的生意能够继续存在。A. survive继续存在；B. remove去除；C. respond回答；D. profit获益。根据上文“They helped the teenager get a permit”可知，卫生部没有关闭Jaequan的摊位，而是帮助他获得许可证，故推知Jaequan的生意可以继续进行下去，故选A。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该部门主任Daniel Huff说，他们愿意帮助一个有这种商业意识的年轻人。A. willing愿意的；B. curious好奇的；C. hesitant犹豫的；D. scared害怕的。根据“When the Department of Health received a complaint, instead of shutting down Jaequan’s stand, they did something special.”及上文“They helped the teenager get a permit so that his business could”可知，卫生部没有关闭Jaequan的摊位，而是帮助他获得许可证。故推知卫生部门愿意帮助有商业意识的年轻人，故选A。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：该部门的主管丹尼尔·赫夫说，他们很愿意帮助这样一个有商业意识的年轻人。A. direction方向；B. duty义务；C. business生意；D. humour幽默。根据上文“outside his home to make some extra money”可知，男孩自己摆摊赚零花钱，说明有商业意识。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，赫夫又迈出了一步，帮助Jaequan与Economic Opportunity Network建立了联系，该网络为这位年轻的商人提供了经营小企业的技巧。A. comment评论；B. connect连接；C. cut切割；D. charge收费。根据后文“Jaequan with the Economic Opportunity Network”可知，Huff帮助Jaequan与Economic Opportunity Network建立了联系，故选B。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，Huff又迈出了一步，帮助Jaequan与Economic Opportunity Network建立了联系，该网络为这位年轻的商人提供了经营小企业的技巧。A. delivering递送；B. stopping停止；C. starting开始；D. running经营。根据“Huff took another step and helped connect Jaequan with the Economic Opportunity Network, which gave the young businessman tips”以及上文“He set up a hot dog ___1___ outside his home to make some extra money.”可知，Economic Opportunity Network为这位年轻的商人提供经营小企业的技巧。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Jaequan谈到所有的支持时说：“我有点惊讶，非常感激。”A. disappointed失望的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. frightened害怕的；D. addicted上瘾的，沉迷的。根据下文““Because usually I would have one person at a time helping me, but there ____12____ to be so many kind people at once.””可知，通常一次只有一个人帮助Jaequan，这次有很多人帮助Jaequan，故推知Jaequan对此感到惊讶，故选B。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Jaequan谈到所有的支持时说：“我有点惊讶，非常感激。”A. credit信用；B. trouble麻烦；C. inspiration灵感；D. support支持。根据上文“Daniel Huff, director of the department, said they were ____7____ to help a young man with such a sense of business. The health inspectors (检查员) helped to pay for his first permit.”可知，卫生部帮Jaequan获得许可证，所以此处描述的是卫生部对Jaequan生意上的支持，故选D。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“因为通常一次只会有一个人帮我忙，但事实证明，同时有这么多善良的人。”A. favour支持，帮忙，恩惠；B. promise承诺；C. performance表现，表演；D. form形式。根据上文“The health inspectors helped to pay for his first permit. Then, Huff took another step and helped ____8____ Jaequan with the Economic Opportunity Network, which gave the young businessman tips on ____9____ a small business.”以及空后“ but there proved to be so many kind people at once.”可知，此处Jaequan描述他所获得的帮助，指帮助某人短语为do sb. a favour。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个小吃摊现在有许可证营业，每天营业4小时，从上午11点到下午3点。A. feature特点；B. document文件；C. container容器；D. permit许可证。根据上文“They helped the teenager get a permit so that his business could”可知，卫生部帮Jaequan获得了许可证，所以Jaequan的食品摊位持许可证运营，故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Jaequan负责90%的业务，他还计划向一些为有需要的青少年提供帮助的组织捐款。A. apply申请；B. donate捐献，赠送；C. devote献身；D. refer参考。根据上文““I was kind of ____10____ and so grateful,” Jaequan said about all the ____11____.”以及空后“organizations that assist teenagers in need”可知，Jaequan对所有支持他的人表示感激，故推知Jaequan计划捐助一些援助青少年的组织，回馈社会，故选B。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有了这样的经历，这个男孩一定会有一个光明的未来。A. various各种各样的；B. unfortunate不幸的；C. bright明亮的；D. sharp尖锐的。根据上文“With such an experience, the boy surely is going to have”可知，有了这样的经历，这个男孩一定会有一个光明的未来。故选C。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Thunderous laughter and applause almost blew off the roof of London’s Excel Exhibition Centre ____36____ Saturday night, when a punchline (妙语) by Guo Degang, ____37____ popular Chinese traditional crosstalk performer, landed with an audience of thousands. Along with Guo and his partner Yu Qian, a handful of ____38____ (comedian) from the DeYun She Performance Group started their first overseas tour in Australia in 2011. Since then, they have performed in six different countries. “Laughter is appealing and that is ____39____ makes the art form of crosstalk comedy powerful,” said Guo, ____40____ (add) that this traditional art can help overseas Chinese overcome homesickness and introduce traditional Chinese culture to a broader audience. “Ever since I ____41____ (start) learning Chinese, I’ve been interested in Xiangsheng,” Christian Elliott, an audience member ____42____ has been learning Chinese for more than five years, told Xinhua. He wanted to see how much of the show he could understand given that there is a difference “between knowing conversational Chinese ____43____ knowing ‘full’ Chinese.” In recent years, crosstalk comedy is becoming ____44____ (increase) popular in China, especially with young people. Guo alone currently has over 15 million followers on Douyin. With London being the first stop of its Europe tour this year, the group is expected _____45_____ (perform) in cities including Glasgow, Paris, Milan and Madrid in the upcoming months. 【答案】36. on 37. a 38. comedians 39. what 40. adding 41. started 42. who##that 43. and 44. increasingly 45. to perform 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了中国相声演员郭德纲及其团队在海外进行巡演的情况，包括他们在伦敦演出的成功、相声艺术的魅力、对海外华人的意义，以及相声在年轻人群体中的流行趋势等。文章通过实际例子和引用来自观众的反馈，展现了中国传统文化艺术在国际舞台上的影响力和传播。 【36题详解】 考查介词。句意：周六晚上，当中国著名传统相声演员郭德纲的一句妙语在数千名观众中引起反响时，伦敦Excel展览中心的屋顶几乎被雷鸣般的笑声和掌声掀翻。表示“在星期几”，用介词on。故填on。 【37题详解】 考查冠词。句意：周六晚上，当中国著名传统相声演员郭德纲的一句妙语在数千名观众中引起反响时，伦敦Excel展览中心的屋顶几乎被雷鸣般的笑声和掌声掀翻。此处泛指“一位受欢迎的中国传统相声表演者”，popular以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。 【38题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：从2011年起，郭德纲和他的搭档于谦以及德云社演艺集团的几位喜剧演员开始了他们在澳大利亚的首次海外巡演。comedian“喜剧演员”是可数名词，根据a handful of“一些”可知，此处应用其复数形式。故填comedians。 【39题详解】 考查表语从句。句意：“笑声是有吸引力的，这就是相声这种艺术形式强大的原因，”郭德纲说，并补充道这种传统艺术可以帮助海外华人克服思乡之情，并向更广泛的观众介绍中国传统文化。空处引导表语从句，从句缺少主语，且指代事物，应用连接代词what引导。故填what。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：“笑声是有吸引力的，这就是相声这种艺术形式强大的原因，”郭德纲说，并补充道这种传统艺术可以帮助海外华人克服思乡之情，并向更广泛的观众介绍中国传统文化。本句已有谓语said，空处应填非谓语动词，逻辑主语Guo与add“补充说”之间为主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语。故填adding。 【41题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：“自从我开始学习中文以来，我就对相声很感兴趣，”已经学习中文五年多的观众克里斯蒂安·埃利奥特在接受新华社采访时表示。since引导的时间状语从句，事情发生在过去，故时态用一般过去时，谓语用过去式started。故填started。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：“自从我开始学习中文以来，我就对相声很感兴趣，”已经学习中文五年多的观众克里斯蒂安·埃利奥特在接受新华社采访时表示。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是an audience member，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who/that引导。故填who/that。 【43题详解】 考查连词。句意：他想看看自己能听懂多少节目内容，因为“懂会话中文和懂‘完整’中文”是有区别的。between...and...为固定搭配，表示“在……和……之间”。故填and。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：近年来，相声在中国越来越受欢迎，尤其是受到年轻人的喜爱。空处修饰形容词popular，应用副词increasingly作状语，表示“越来越多地”。故填increasingly。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：今年，伦敦作为其欧洲巡演的第一站，该团体预计在未来几个月内将在格拉斯哥、巴黎、米兰和马德里等城市演出。be expected to do sth.为固定短语，表示“有望做某事”，用perform“演出”的不定式。故填to perform。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，想邀请英国交换生David下周一参加你校举办的“科技节”，并观赏学生们的“科技小发明”。请给他写封邮件，内容包括: 1.写信意图； 2.活动时间和地点； 3.活动目的和内容； 4.表达希望。 注意:1.词数100左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇:科技小发明:technology gadgets Dear David, I’m glad to invite you to the Science Festival _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear David, I’m glad to invite you to the Science Festival to be held in our school next Monday to enjoy the students’ technology gadgets. The Science Festival is scheduled to take place on the playground from 8 a.m. to 11 a.m., lasting three hours. Its purpose is to encourage us students to think creatively as well as share our works with others. At this festival, you can enjoy various gadgets which are of great use in our daily life. What’s more, some excellent student inventors will introduce the functions of their technology gadgets and perform them on the spot, which I think will be the most exciting part. I would appreciate it if you could join in the coming Science Festival. Looking forward to your reply and expecting your coming. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】本篇书面表达是应用文，要求写一封书信。 【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本文要求写一封电子邮件：假定你是李华，想邀请英国交换生David下周一参加你校举办的“科技节”，并观赏学生们的“科技小发明”。请给他写封邮件，内容包括:1.写信意图；2.活动时间和地点；3.活动目的和内容；4.表达希望。时态应为一般现在时。 第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如； Science Festival（科技节），technology gadgets（科技小发明），hold（举办），creatively（创造性地）， share（分享），introduce（介绍），perform（表演），inventor(发明者)及function（功能）等。 第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持卷面的整洁美观。 本文内容完整，层次分明，结构紧凑，表达准确。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。 【点睛】范文语言地道，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级词汇和句式，高级词汇有be scheduled to do（被安排、定于），take place（发生），on the spot（在现场），as well as (也、和)，encourage sb to do（鼓励某人做某事）以及be of great use（有很大用处），而且还使用了非限定性定语从句“What’s more, some excellent student inventors will introduce the functions of their technology gadgets and perform them on the spot, which I think will be the most exciting part.”，定语从句“At this festival, you can enjoy various gadgets which are of great use in our daily life.”，形式宾语“I would appreciate it if you could join in the coming Science Festival.”，非谓语动词“The Science Festival is scheduled to take place on the playground from 8 a.m. to 11 a.m., lasting three hours.”及“Its purpose is to encourage us students to think creatively as well as share our works with others.”，全文没有语法错误，上下句转换自然流畅。 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I loved writing. It was a hobby. But my high school English teacher, Rachel Green was determined to make me an author. Her comments were more than just about fixing grammatical errors. She wrote questions to make my essays more detailed; she underlined passages that she agreed with. Her letters always started with how proud she was that I was brave enough to write the truth, how she saw potential in me. I enjoyed her words — read them over and over. I needed this care, this recognition. I was the last Watson child to attend Jefferson High School. My sister Cheryl was known for being one of the star writers of the school newspaper. Dyan, another sister, was good at playing the piano. My sisters were involved in all types of after-school activities: cheer-leading, volleyball, track and student government. While I was the little one following them like a shadow. No one noticed my existence except Ms Green. Adjusting to high school was challenging, and I felt insecure. On the first day of my high school, a teacher greeted me with a hug, saying, “You have some big shoes to fill.” Then she showed me the trophy case(奖杯橱窗) in the hallway. I immediately recognized two: Cheryl and Dyan. I was inspired, yes, but mostly worried. My Spanish was so-so. I got good grades but was not a straight A’s student. I loved music, but I wasn’t good at playing any musical instruments. Worse still, I never dared to share my story in front of my class. I tried to walk in my sisters’ shoes, but they didn’t fit. I tried to follow their steps, but it’s too hard, really. One day, Ms Green invited me to read my new story in front of my class in the writing lesson next week. My heart skipped a beat and disbelief washed over me. I murmured my anxiety about being laughed at. Stroking my hair gently, Ms Green assured me that my story full of fantasy would win everyone’s heart. Days seemed to be minutes. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Before I knew it, the big day came! ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After class, I went to my teacher’s office to express my thanks. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Before I knew it, the big day came! My heart beating wildly and legs trembling, I stepped onto the platform. “Once. upon...” I uttered every word with a tied tongue. Everyone waited in silence. But seeing Ms Green’s encouraging smile, I took a deep breath and illustrated my story in a modest tone. Gradually, everyone got immersed in the fantasy world of my story. No sooner had I finished my story than my class burst into a round of applause. And Ms Green nodded appreciatively. After class, I went to my teacher’s office to express my thanks. Upon seeing Ms Green, tears of gratitude welled up in my eyes, and I added emotionally, “Ms Green, it’s your recognition and guidance that have enabled me to recognize my unique talent.” She hugged me tightly in her arms, whispering in my ear, “You are bound to be a great author and believe in yourself.” Since then, I have created more excellent works. Deep in mind, I know I could walk in my own shoes and become the best version of myself. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者喜欢写作，高中英语老师瑞秋·格林注意到了作者的才能，关心和鼓励着作者，作者也由此获得了成为作家的力量。有一天，格林老师邀请追着在下周的写作课上在全班同学面前朗读自己的新故事。作者的心猛地跳了一下，心中充满了怀疑。作者低声说担心被人嘲笑。格林老师轻轻地抚摸着作者的头发，向作者保证充满幻想的故事会赢得每个人的心。日子好像是分分钟过去了。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我还没反应过来，重要的日子就来了!”可知，第一段可描写老师的鼓励缓解了作者的紧张以及作者获得了同学们的掌声。 ②由第二段首句内容“下课后，我去老师的办公室表达我的感谢。”可知，第二段可描写作者的感谢以及老师的鼓励。 2.续写线索：作者紧张——受到鼓励——讲完故事——掌声——感谢老师——老师鼓励——作者创作了更多优秀的作品 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①完成：finish /complete ②爆发：burst into/burst out ③拥抱：embrace /hug ④相信：believe in /trust 情绪类 ①令人鼓舞的：encouraging/inspiring ②感激：gratitude/appreciation 【点睛】[高分句型1] No sooner had I finished my story than my class burst into a round of applause. (运用了no sooner…than句型和部分倒装句) [高分句型2] She hugged me tightly in her arms, whispering in my ear. (运用了现在分词作状语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 湖南省常德市一中2023-2024学年下学期期末考试 高二英语 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生务必先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题纸上，认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号，并将条形码粘贴在答题纸上的指定位置上。 2.选择题答案使用2B铅笔填涂，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号；非选择题答案用0.5毫米的黑色中性（签宇）笔或碳素笔书写，字体工整，笔迹清楚。 3.请按照题号在各题的答题区域（黑色线框）内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效。 4.保持纸面清洁，不折叠，不破损。 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Are you looking for destinations of your summer trips? Let’s check it out! Singapore Singapore is an energetic multicultural city-state in Southeast Asia. It offers a unique mix of Chinese, Malay, Indian, and Western cultures. The city has an impressive skyline and is a center for business, shopping, and dining. Visitors can explore the busy markets of Chinatown, Little India, and Arab Street, as well as the Gardens by the Bay and the Marina Bay Sands. Istanbul Istanbul is a city where two continents meet, Europe and Asia. It is a cultural melting pot with influences from Greek, Roman, Byzantine, and Ottoman empires. The city features amazing architecture, such as the Hagia Sophia and Blue Mosque, and a rich cooking scene with traditional Turkish delights. Visitors can also take a boat ride across the Bosphorus Strait to explore the Asian side of the city. Hong Kong Hong Kong is a busy international city in China that combines Eastern and Western cultures. The city is famous for its skyscrapers, street markets, and delicious snacks. Visitors can explore the city's historic streets in Central, take a cable car(缆车) up to Victoria Peak for fascinating views, or visit the giant Buddha statue on Lantau Island. Toronto Toronto is Canada’s largest city and is known for its multiculturalism and diversity. The city is home to over 140 languages, and over half of its population was born outside of Canada. Toronto’s cultural scene reflects this diversity, with numerous festivals celebrating different cultures, such as Caribana, the Toronto International Film Festival, and the Taste of the Danforth Greek festival Click here for more information about the attractive destinations in the world! 1. Where can tourists experience a mix of ancient European and Asian cultures? A. Toronto. B. Hong Kong C. Istanbul. D. Singapore. 2. What is special about Toronto? A. It covers the largest area of the four. B. The native people are in the majority. C. I towns a range of street markets. D. It offers chances to experience festivals. 3. What do the four destinations have in common? A. Cultural diversity. B. Unique architecture. C. Convenient transport. D. Distinctive languages. B A woman in a cap wanders calmly along. Except for the lava (熔岩) erupting behind her, she could be walking in the park. The woman turns to watch the molten rock flow for a moment then walks calmly toward the camera. The footage(镜头) is from Werner Herzog’s book to volcanoes and volcano hunters, Into the Inferno, and the woman pictured is perhaps one of the most important volcanologists of all time, Katia Krafft. Born in France, in 1942, Katia developed an interest in volcanoes at an early age. Later, she met Maurice Krafft. The pair bonded over their shared love of volcanoes before marrying in 1970. The Kraffts wrote about 20 books on volcanoes across the globe. Katia and her husband made great progress in educating the general public in volcanology. Their footage had more than scientific value. For instance, when Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines began to show signs of an eruption in 1991, the Kraffts were able to present Philippine President Cory Aquino with video footage of the effects of the 1985 eruption of Nevado del Ruiz in Colombia, asking him to call for an evacuation of those in the danger zone. In 1969, Katia was awarded the prize of the Vocation Foundation for her work on active volcanic sites. The couple lost their lives, along with more than 40 others during the eruption of Mount Unzen in Japan on June 3.1991. when they were caught in a flow of rock, gas and ash moving at speeds of over 100 miles per hour, with temperatures of more than 800 degrees Fahrenheit. Katia was 49; Maurice, 45. Katia’s impact on volcanology has reached far beyond her death and has encouraged many young women to study our restless planet. “Katia Krafft is definitely the reason why I’m doing this job,” says Carla Tiraboschi, a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Minster, Germany. Carla first saw Katia in a documentary when she was just six or seven years old and has been crazy about volcanoes ever since. 4. What can we infer from the book Into the Inferno? A. Its author is Katia Krafft. B. It’s a biography of Katia Krafft. C. It calls on protecting the environment. D. It focuses on volcanoes and their explorers. 5. What do we know about the couple? A. They prevented a natural disaster. B. They served as a warning in Japan. C. They helped spread volcano science. D. They covered Mount Pinatubo’s eruption. 6. Which can replace the underlined word “evacuation” in paragraph 3? A. Substance. B. Departure. C. Occupation. D. Intervention. 7. How did Katia influence Carla Tiraboschi? A. Katia’s death made her restless. B. Katia helped her with her research. C. Katia taught her to make a documentary. D. Katia’s deeds inspired her career choice. C In ancient Maya civilization, cacao — which chocolate is made from — wasn’t just for the elites (精英). Traces of the sacred plant show up in antiques from all types of neighborhoods and in and around a former Maya city, researchers report in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The finding suggests that, contrary to previous thinking, cacao was consumed at every social level of Maya society. “Now we know that the ceremonies with cacao were likely played out by everyone,” says AnabelFord, an archaeologist at the University of California, Santa Barbara. Cacao was sacred to the ancient Maya, consumed in ceremonies and used as a currency. The cacao tree itself was linked to Hun Hunahpu, a Mayan god. Previous research found cacao in burials (墓地), suggesting that its use was restricted to those at the top. To explore the extent to which cacao was used in broader Maya society, Ford and colleagues examined 54 antiques dating from A. D. 600 to 900. The antiques come from jars, mixing bowls, serving plates and vases thought to be drinking vessels. All the pieces were found in residential and ceremonial civic areas of varying size and status from city centers, foothills, upland areas and the valley around the former Maya city of El Pilar, on the present-day border of Guatemala and Belize. To identify cacao, the researchers searched for theophylline, a compound found in trace amounts in the plant. The team found the compound on more than half of the samples, on all types of antiques and distributed throughout social contexts. Future research will move beyond who consumed cacao and explore the role of farmers in managing the critical resource. “A better question is to understand who grew it,” Ford says, because those people probably had greater access to the valuable commodity. 8. What do traces of cacao found in Mayan antiques indicate? A. Cacao was once unique to Maya society. B. Cacao was only available to wealthy Mayan people. C. Cacao was accessible to Mayan ordinary people. D. Cacao left more traces in the Mayan city center. 9. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs? A. There is no need to do further research on cacao. B. Mayan people liked eating chocolate very much. C. Mayan festivals were the same as those of the modern times. D. There were some limitations in previous research about cacao. 10. Why did Ford and his colleagues examine 54 antiques? A. To make copies of Mayan antiques. B. To learn about the Mayan eating habits. C. To find out cacao’s relationship with the religion. D. To know about Mayan social groups of cacao use. 11. Which of the following will be the focus of the research about cacao? A The varieties of cacao. B. Ways cacao was spread out. C. Cacao tree growers. D. The cacao’s value. D Electric vehicles (EVs) now are not practical for long-distance travel due to the need for repeated or lengthy stops at charging stations. But what if they could — like planes being refueled in the air from another aircraft — get a charge-on-the-go? The idea sounds impossible, but there are already technologies in use that would help charge specialized vehicles. With rural electric charging stations almost non-existent, Swarup Bhunia and engineers at the University of Florida, Gainesville, are suggesting that “car-to-car charging” and “mobile charging stations” could likely solve this problem faster than the sudden increase of charging points or battery advancements. Along with mobile charging stations idea, Bhunia believes that if more and more people buy electric cars, it would be super-efficient if all cars on road could share charge with one another. What Bhunia and his team are describing is a cloud system that examines all of the EV drivers on the road, where they are going, and how much charge each vehicle has. The cloud then determines, for example, that EV-A has an 89% battery charge, but requires only 4% to reach its destination, while EV-B has a 22% battery charge, yet requires 31% to reach its destination. If the two EVs are going in the same direction, the system would instruct them to carry out the charge transfer. The system would then link the provider with the receiver, and a credit system would ensure that everyone is paying for the charge they use. Inside the given traffic network, every vehicled charge could be examined against each vehicle’s demand, and “mobile charging stations,’’ which would be large automated trucks with onboard charging equipment to fill in the demand gaps. “We imagine a safe and firm telescopic arm (伸缩臂) carrying the charging cable,’’ said Bhunia, describing how to get one charge into another car while running down the freeway, much like to aircraft during mid-air refueling. After two EVs lock speed and are in range for charge sharing, they will extend their charging arms. 12. To realize long-distance travel for EVs faster, Bhunia agrees with . A. stops at charging stations B. mobile charging stations. C. increase of charging points D. battery advancements 13. According to the text, the cloud system can . A. determine where EVs are going and how EVs will be charged B. figure out how much charge a car need to reach its destination C. work out the problems drivers meet when a charge transfer occurs D. guarantee that all the drivers are paying for the charge they get 14. What are mobile charging stations? A. Power plants for the charge transfer. B. Charging equipment to fill in the charge gaps. C Vehicles providing charge for other cars. D. Trucks getting charges from other vehicles. 15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Can we charge EVs with car-to-car mobile charging? B. Can charging points be a possible way to charge EVs? C. How does a cloud system make charging EVs easier? D How do we charge EVs with mobile charging stations? 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 We’ve heard of IQ and EQ, which are commonly used. But have you heard of AQ — adversity quotient (逆境商数)? Sometimes, unfavorable situations can take us by surprise or shock us. It could be failed friendships or financial hard times in our life. _____16_____ AQ measures our ability to hear the shocks. It can be used to predict our attitudes, perseverance, and the way we deal with changes in life and work. So the ability is important not only in life but also in work. _____17_____ Luckily, there are some suggestions to help you be more resilient (适应力的) and adaptable in the face of adversity (逆境), according to Dr Shahram Heshmat, a professor of health economics. * _____18_____ Resilient people often have an aim and are able to concentrate more on a desired outcome, seeing negative situations as a small stone on the way to achieving their goals. * Learn to relax and regulate your emotions. _____19_____ Talking about unpleasant things in detail can make you stressed and breathe heavily. To see difficulties more as an opportunity to learn and grow is important emotionally. * Ensure you have a good social support network. You should learn to pour out the trouble to families or close friends. _____20_____ In short, we can’t predict and prevent something unpleasant. But, if we develop our resilience, it will become easier to get through such hard times. A. Try to find a meaningful goal. B. Deal with the ups and downs of life. C. But how can we develop our resilience? D. The support of others can help you adapt quickly. E. Our resilience is a must when there is a great change. F. Also it could be missing a chance of promotion in work. G. It helps you relieve stress by practising breathing calmly. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 This past summer was really special for Jaequan Faulkner, a 13-year-old boy living in Minneapolis, Minnesota. He set up a hot dog ____21____ outside his home to make some extra money. The boy took care to make sure that all food was fresh and clean. People in the neighborhood ____22____ the boy’s spirit, but there was only one ____23____: he didn’t have a permit. When the Department of Health received a complaint, instead of shutting down Jaequan’s stand, they did something ____24____. They helped the teenager get a permit so that his business could ____25____. Daniel Huff, director of the department, said they were ____26____ to help a young man with such a sense of ____27____. The health inspectors helped to pay for his first permit. Then, Huff took another step and helped ____28____ Jaequan with the Economic Opportunity Network, which gave the young businessman tips on ____29____ a small business. “I was kind of ____30____ and so grateful,” Jaequan said about all the ____31____. “Because usually I would have one person at a time doing me a ____32____, but there proved to be so many kind people at once.” The food stand now operates with a ____33____ and is open four hours daily from 11 am to 3 pm. Jaequan handles 90 percent of the business, and he is also planning to ____34____ to organizations that help teenagers in need. With such an experience, the boy surely is going to have a ____35____ future. 21. A. store B. stand C. factory D. tent 22. A. declared B. appreciated C. suspected D. trusted 23. A. advantage B. strategy C. problem D. request 24. A. official B. efficient C. commercial D. special 25. A. survive B. remove C. respond D. profit 26. A. willing B. curious C. hesitant D. scared 27. A. direction B. duty C. business D. humour 28 A. comment B. connect C. cut D. charge 29. A. delivering B. stopping C. starting D. running 30. A. disappointed B. surprised C. frightened D. addicted 31. A. credit B. trouble C. inspiration D. support 32. A. favour B. promise C. performance D. form 33. A. feature B. document C. container D. permit 34. A. apply B. donate C. devote D. refer 35. A. various B. unfortunate C. bright D. sharp 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Thunderous laughter and applause almost blew off the roof of London’s Excel Exhibition Centre ____36____ Saturday night, when a punchline (妙语) by Guo Degang, ____37____ popular Chinese traditional crosstalk performer, landed with an audience of thousands. Along with Guo and his partner Yu Qian, a handful of ____38____ (comedian) from the DeYun She Performance Group started their first overseas tour in Australia in 2011. Since then, they have performed in six different countries. “Laughter is appealing and that is ____39____ makes the art form of crosstalk comedy powerful,” said Guo, ____40____ (add) that this traditional art can help overseas Chinese overcome homesickness and introduce traditional Chinese culture to a broader audience. “Ever since I ____41____ (start) learning Chinese, I’ve been interested in Xiangsheng,” Christian Elliott, an audience member ____42____ has been learning Chinese for more than five years, told Xinhua. He wanted to see how much of the show he could understand given that there is a difference “between knowing conversational Chinese ____43____ knowing ‘full’ Chinese.” In recent years, crosstalk comedy is becoming ____44____ (increase) popular in China, especially with young people. Guo alone currently has over 15 million followers on Douyin. With London being the first stop of its Europe tour this year, the group is expected _____45_____ (perform) in cities including Glasgow, Paris, Milan and Madrid in the upcoming months. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，想邀请英国交换生David下周一参加你校举办的“科技节”，并观赏学生们的“科技小发明”。请给他写封邮件，内容包括: 1.写信意图； 2活动时间和地点； 3.活动目的和内容； 4.表达希望。 注意:1.词数100左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇:科技小发明:technology gadgets Dear David, I’m glad to invite you to the Science Festival _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I loved writing. It was a hobby. But my high school English teacher, Rachel Green was determined to make me an author. Her comments were more than just about fixing grammatical errors. She wrote questions to make my essays more detailed; she underlined passages that she agreed with. Her letters always started with how proud she was that I was brave enough to write the truth, how she saw potential in me. I enjoyed her words — read them over and over. I needed this care, this recognition. I was the last Watson child to attend Jefferson High School. My sister Cheryl was known for being one of the star writers of the school newspaper. Dyan, another sister, was good at playing the piano. My sisters were involved in all types of after-school activities: cheer-leading, volleyball, track and student government. While I was the little one following them like a shadow. No one noticed my existence except Ms Green. Adjusting to high school was challenging, and I felt insecure. On the first day of my high school, a teacher greeted me with a hug, saying, “You have some big shoes to fill.” Then she showed me the trophy case(奖杯橱窗) in the hallway. I immediately recognized two: Cheryl and Dyan. I was inspired, yes, but mostly worried. My Spanish was so-so. I got good grades but was not a straight A’s student. I loved music, but I wasn’t good at playing any musical instruments. Worse still, I never dared to share my story in front of my class. I tried to walk in my sisters’ shoes, but they didn’t fit. I tried to follow their steps, but it’s too hard, really. One day, Ms Green invited me to read my new story in front of my class in the writing lesson next week. My heart skipped a beat and disbelief washed over me. I murmured my anxiety about being laughed at. Stroking my hair gently, Ms Green assured me that my story full of fantasy would win everyone’s heart. Days seemed to be minutes. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Before I knew it, the big day came! ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After class, I went to my teacher’s office to express my thanks. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$