Unit 3 Getting along with others 词汇讲解 讲义-2024-2025学年高中英语译林版(2020)必修第一册

必修一 Unit3 reading 单词 讲解 1.on the rocks(关系)陷于困境，濒临崩溃 ( as )solid/steady as a rock坚如磐石 ( caught/stuck ) between a rock and a hard place左右为难,进退两难 get your rocks off做自己真正喜欢的事 rock and roll 摇滚乐 2.awkward　adj.局促不安的;令人尴尬的;难对付的;笨拙的 awkwardly adv.令人尴尬地;笨拙地 awkwardness n.笨拙;尴尬 be awkward　with 对……感到不自在的 be awkward　at/in 在...方面技巧拙劣的 feel awkward about对……感到不好意思 an awkward　dancer 笨拙的舞者 an awkward　 excuse 拙劣的借口 an awkward　situation 尴尬的境遇 　an awkward　question 棘手的问题 an awkward　silence 令人尴尬的沉默 put sb. in an awkward position使某人很窘迫 3. sight 　n.视野;视力;看见 out of one's sight　脱离某人的视线 out of sight在视野外,看不见 in sight 在眼前,看得见 come into sight进入视线，映入眼帘 catch sight of看见,瞥见 at the sight of一看见…… at first sight乍一看;初次见到 lose sight of看不到;忽略,忘记 lose one's sight 失明 see the sights 参观名胜 sight 用作“风景,名胜”时,常用复数形式,多指人文景观。 Out of sight, out of mind.眼不见,心不想。 4. original　adj．起初的;独创的;原作的 originally adv.最初;起初 origin 　n.起源;由来;起因;出身 your original plan你原来的计划 an original idea一个独到的见解 an original thinker一个有创意的人 by origin出身,血统 in origin 源头上 the origin of the word 词源 the origins of life on earth地球上生命的起源 5．make it　能够出席;准时到达;获得成功 make it to(尤指在困难情况下)到达/赶上.… make one's way ( to )去,前往 make use of 利用,使用 make fun of 取笑,嘲笑 make up one's mind 下定决心 make the most of充分利用(=make full use of ) make ( both ) ends meet勉强维持生计;收支相抵 make room for...给……腾出地方 6. horrible　adj.令人震惊的;可恶的,极坏的 horror n.震惊;恐惧;令人恐惧的事;厌恶 horribly adv.可怕地,恐怖地 a horrible dream噩梦 horrible weather糟透了的天气 a horrible accident可怕的事故 a horrible smell极难闻的气味 have a horrible feeling有一种很不好的感觉 [名]horror-[形]horrible一[动horrify .horror n.惊恐,震惊;令人惊恐的事 in horror 惊恐地　 to one's horror令某人惊恐的是 terror n.恐惧,惊恐;可怕的事;恐怖活动 in terror 惊恐地 7. chat 　vi. &n.聊天,闲聊 过去式:chatted过去分词:chatted现在分词:chatting 第三人称单数: chats chat about谈论… chat with/to 与.…闲聊 chat on the phone with/to和……电话聊天 have a chat with sb. about sth.与某人闲谈某事 enjoy a chat 喜欢聊天 a friendly/fine/pleasant chat友好的交谈 a chat show(电台或电视台的)访谈节目 a chat platform 聊天平台 a chat room(互联网上)聊天室 a chat about/over sth.聊某事 8. recover　vi,恢复健康;恢复常态　vt.全额收回;寻回;重新获得;恢复,重新控制 recover from 从……中恢复过来 recover from a heart attack从心脏病中康复 recover from the operation从手术中恢复 recover from tiredness从疲劳中恢复 recover oneself恢复健康;恢复冷静 recover health恢复健康 recover one's sight恢复视力 make a　quick/slow recovery恢复快/慢 make a　full recovery 完全康复 ９．loss n.失去，丧失，亏损，去世，损失 loss of interest/confidence失去兴趣/信心 at a loss不知所措，困惑 blood loss/loss of blood失血 hearing loss 失聪 loss of memory失忆 gain and loss得与失 make up for the loss弥补损失 suffer losses遭受损失 a total loss 总损失 be lost in thought陷入沉思 10. judge vt. & vi.评价,(尤指)批评;判断，认为 n. 法官;裁判员 judgement n.判断力;意见，看法 judge the quality评价质量 as far as I can judge据我判断 don't judge a book by its cover不要以貌取人 judging from/by his accent根据他的口音判断 judging from 是现在分词短语,但不用考虑judge和主语逻辑关系的一致性 make a judgement on/about对……作出评价 an error of judgement判断失误 in one’s judgement 在某人看来 11. in the wrong有错,应承担责任 sb. can do no wrong 某人不会做错事 do sb. wrong 冤枉某人,不公平地对待某人(幽默用法) Two wrongs don't make a right.[口]冤冤相报何时了。 12. apologize vi.道歉,谢罪 apology n.道歉,歉意 apologize to sb. for sth. 因为某事向某人道歉 “为(做)某事向某人道歉”的表达法: make an apology to sb. for( doing ) sth. offer sb. an apology for (doing )sth. say sorry to sb. for ( doing )sth. accept/refuse an apology 接受/拒绝接受道歉 13. behaviour n.行为,举止，态度 behave v.表现;表现得体 good/bad behaviour良好/恶劣的行为 change one's behaviour改变某人的行为 social behaviour社会行为 behaviour problems行为问题拓 behave oneself守规矩,举止得体 behave well举止良好 behave badly to sb.对某人不礼貌 behave properly举止得当 14. case n具体情况,事例;案件;容器 in any case无论如何,不管怎样 ( just ) in case 以防,万一(可单独使用,也可接从句) in case of 万一,如果,防备 in that case既然那样;在那种情况下 in most cases在多数情况下 in no case决不 位于句首表示强调时，句子用部分侧装语序 as is often the case(with )(对……而言)这是常有的事 15. frank adj.坦率的,直率的 be frank with sb.对某人坦诚相告 be frank about sth. 坦白某事;对……直言不讳 a frank discussion 坦率的讨论 to be frank ( =frankly speaking ) 坦白说 to be honest ( =honestly speaking )老实说 to be exact( =exactly speaking )确切地说 to be general( =generally speaking )大致上说,一般来说 16. trick vt.欺骗,欺诈 n.诡计,花招;戏法;技巧 trick or treat 不给糖就捣蛋 play tricks/a trick on sb. 捉弄某人;对某人搞恶作剧 trick sb. into doing sth.欺骗某人做某事 trick sb. out of sth. 从某人处骗取某物 make fun of sb.取笑某人 laugh at sb.嘲笑某人 (cheat/fool sb.into doing sth.欺骗某人做某事 cheat sb. ( out ) of sth.阻止某人得到某物 17. let go of 放弃,摒弃;松手，放开 let it go 不再多说(或多做);就到此为止 have a go尝试 have a go at doing...尝试做…… give it a go 尝试一下 make a go of使成功 18. ignore vt.忽视,对...不予理会 ignorant adj.无知的;愚昧的 ignorance n.无知;愚昧 ignore one's advice/warning不理会某人的建议/警告 ignore traffic rules无视交通规则 ignore personal danger不顾个人安危 ignore the fact that...忽略……的事实 that 引导同位语从句,对the fact进行解释说明 completely/totally ignore完全忽视招 be ignorant of/about sth.对……无知 be in ignorance of sth.对于……无知 out of/through ignorance 出于无知 19. suffer vi.受苦,受折磨;变差 vt.遭受,蒙受 suffering n.受难;苦楚 suffer直接接宾语，表示“受......之苦" suffer接from再接宾语,表示“因.....受苦”， from表原因 不及物动词的用法: suffer from a bad backache遭受严重的背痛 suffer from a bad cold患重感冒 suffer from floods遭受水灾 suffer from drought遭受旱灾 及物动词的用法: suffer pain 遭受疼痛 suffer losses遭受损失 suffer damage遭受损害 20.misunderstand vt. &vi.误解;误会 misunderstanding n.误解;误会;争执 misunderstand sb.误解某人 completely misunderstand sb.完全误会某人 have a misunderstanding of/about sth.对某事有误解 have a misunderstanding with sb.和某人有误会/争执= have an argument with sb. clear up a misunderstanding消除误解 21. contact vt.联系,联络 n.联系,联络;接触 contact sb. immediately/directly立即/直接与某人联系 contact sb. by email/telephone通过电子邮件/电话与某人联系 make contact with sb./get into contact with sb.与某人取得联系 keep/remain in contact with sb.与某人保持联系 keep/remain in contact with sth.与某物保持接触 be in contact with sb,与某人有联系 lose contact with sb.与某人失去联系 physical/eye contact身体/目光接触 22. explode vi.(愤怒等感情)爆发,迸发;爆炸 vt.使爆炸 explosion n.爆炸;爆发;激增 explosive adj.易爆炸的;爆炸性的 fail to explode 没能爆炸 explode a bomb 引爆一枚炸弹 an exploding population激增的人口 explode with anger 勃然大怒 explode/burst into laughter一下子大笑起来 23. generous adj.宽宏大量的，仁慈的;慷慨的 generously adv.慷慨大方地 be generous to sb.对某人慷慨 be generous with sth.不吝惜某物 be generous with your time/money 不吝惜你的时间/金钱 a generous man 一名宽宏大量的男子 a generous gift一份丰厚的礼物 It is generous of sb. to do sth.某人做某事很大方。 Welcome to the unit and reading 1.have difficulty ( in ) doing sth.=have trouble( in ) doing sth.做某事有困难 2.maintain v.维持，保持 3.long for 渴望…… long to do渴望做 4.be faced with 面对 5.share( ... ) with...和……分享 6.no longer 不再(= no more ) 7.be crazy about 对……痴迷 8.have...in common有..共同之处 9.can't help doing...禁不住做…… 10.have every hope of doing sth.满怀希望做某事 11.look forward to doing sth.期盼做某事 12.have a problem with sb.与某人有矛盾 13.turn to 向.....寻求帮助 14.on the rocks(关系)陷于困境,濒临崩溃 15.close adj.(关系)亲密的;(在空间、时间上)接近v.关闭 16.awkward adj.局促不安的;令人尴尬的;难对付的;笨拙的 17.be willing to do...乐意做...... 18.since then从那时起 19.be unwilling to do...不愿意做...... 20.hang out闲逛 21.out of one's sight脱离某人的视线 22.Sight n.视野;视力;看见 23.break one's heart伤某人的心 24.pick up the pieces补救，收拾残局 25.original adj.起初的;独创的;原作的 one's original plan某人原先的计划 26..social media社交媒体 27.medium n.( pl. media)传播信息的媒介,方法;手段,工具adj.中等的,中号的 28.make it能够出席;准时到达;获得成功 29.horrible adj.令人震惊的;可恶的,极坏的 receive a horrible surprise惊呆，感到非常意外 30.chat vi. &n.聊天,闲聊 chat with sb.与某人闲聊 31.cafe n.咖啡馆,小餐馆 32.complete adj,完全的;彻底的 33.instead of 代替;而不是 34..recover vi.恢复健康;恢复常态vt.全额收回;寻回;重新获得;恢复,重新控制 35..have fun with与……玩得开心 36.feel like doing sth.想要做某事 37. respond vi.&vt回答，回应;作出反应,响应聚 respond to回复 38.at a loss 不知所措，困惑 loss n.失去，丧失:亏损:去世;损失 39.be worth doing …值得做 40.be quick to do sth.立刻做某事 41.judge vt..& vi.评价，(尤指)批评;判断，认为n法官;裁判员 judging by/from...根据……判断 42.in the wrong有错,应承担责任 43.apologize vi.道歉,谢罪 apologize to sb. for sth.因某事向某人道歉 44.behaviour ( AmE behavior )n.行为，举止,态度 45.in any case无论如何,不管怎样 46.case n.具体情况，事例:案件;容器 47.frank adj.坦率的，直率的 have a frank talk with sb.与某人坦诚交谈 48.definitely adv.肯定,确实;确切地 49.trick vt.欺骗,欺诈n.诡计,花招;戏法 be tricked by被...欺骗 let go of 放弃,摒弃;松手，放开 50.value one's friendship珍视某人的友谊 51.equally adv.平等地;相等地 52.ignore vt.忽视，对……不予理会 ignore one's feelings 不在乎/不理会某人的感受 53. suffer vi.受苦，受折磨;变差vt.遭受,蒙受 54.view v.把……视为;以……看待 55. according to根据... 56.the similarities and differences between ... and...…..和……之间的相似之处和不同之处 similar +-ity→similarity n.相似;相似点 57.under stress有压力;处于压力之下 58.. misunderstand vt. & vi. 误解,误会 59.. contact vt.& n.联系,联络 keep in contact with与…保持联系 60.explode vi.(愤怒等感情)爆发,迸发;爆炸 vt.使爆炸 explode with anger勃然大怒,大发雷霆 61. face to face 面对面地※face-to-face adj.面对面的 62.generous adj. 宽宏大量的,仁慈的;慷慨的 be generous with sth.不吝惜某物 be generous to sb. 对某人大方 63. contrast n.& v.对比，对照 by contrast 相比之下 in contrast ( to/with)(与....)相比 64. structured adj.有结构的，有组织的 65. on the other hand 另一方面 on the one hand... on the other hand... 一方面……另一方面... 66.imagine doing sth.想象做某事 ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$