01 Unit 1 知识清单(含必备知识结构图&即时训练&单元词汇记忆表)-2024-2025学年高二英语重难知识&题型精练(译林版2020选择必修第二册)

Unit 1 The mass media (译林版2020选择必修第二册) I.必备知识结构图 II. 必备单词默写清单 1. ________ vt. 使落入险境;卡住, 绊住 n. 陷阱, 罗网;圈套;困境, 牢笼 2. ________ vt. 发布;释放;松开;发泄 n. 释放;发行;排放, 泄漏 3. ________ n. 许多;(一)打;十来个 4. ________ vi. & vt. 尖叫;高声喊;发出大而尖的声音 n. 尖叫, 尖锐刺耳的声音 5. ________ vi. (狗)吠叫 vt. 厉声发令 n. (狗)吠声;短促响亮的人声;树皮 6. ________ vt. &vi. (使)窒息;(使)哽咽, (尤指感情激动而)说不出话来 7. ________ adj. 自动的;无意识的, 不假思索的 8. ________ n. 优先事项, 首要事情;优先权, 重点 9. ________ n. 例子, 事例 10. ________ adj. 错误的, 不真实的;非天生的;假的, 伪造的;不真诚的 11. ________ n. 最大量, 最大限度 adj. 最高的, 最多的 12. ________ v. 总结, 概括n. 金额, 款项;总和, 总数;全部 13. ________ n. 公民;市民, 居民 14. ________ vt. 创建, 创办;建立, 兴建 15. ________ vt. 谴责, 控诉 16. ________ n. 税, 税款 vt. 对……征税, 使纳税 17. ________ vi. 逐步增加 vt. 攀登, 爬上 n. 山 18. ________ n. 奖学金;学术 19. ________ n. 类别, 种类 20. ________ adv. 尽管如此 21. ________ vt. & vi. 是发生……的时间(或地点), 见证;目击;作证;是……的迹象 n. 目击者, 见证人;证人 22. ________ n. 版本;一份, 一期;版次 23. ________ n. 计算机平台;站台, 月台;讲台, 舞台 24. ________ n. 互动;互相作用 25. ________ n. (统称)会员, 会员人数;会员资格 26. ________ n. 广播节目, 电视节目 vi. & vt. (broadcast, broadcast)播送, 广播;散布, 传播 27. ________ adj. 高峰时期的, 最高度的 n. 顶峰, 高峰;山峰;尖端 vi. 达到高峰, 达到最高值 28. ________ vt. 使增长, 使兴旺 n. 增长, 提高;帮助, 激励 29. ________ vt. 买, 购买 n. 购买, 采购;购买的东西, 购买项目 30. ________ n. 收视率;等级, 级别 31. ________ vt. 赞助;主办;为慈善活动捐款;资助 n. 赞助商;为慈善活动捐款的人 32. ________ vt. 理解, 掌握;吸收;吸引全部注意力 33. ________ n. 折扣 vt. 打折出售 【答案】 1. trap 2. release 3. dozen 4. scream 5. bark 6. choke 7. automatic 8. priority 9. instance 10. false 11. maximum 12. sum 13. citizen 14. found 15. accuse 16. tax 17. mount 18. scholarship 19. category 20. nevertheless 21. witness 22. edition 23. platform 24. interaction 25. membership 26. broadcast 27. peak 28. boost 29. purchase 30. rating 31. sponsor 32. absorb 33. discount 根据汉语提示完成句子(单词拼写) 1. To our annoyance，many falser advertisements ________(诱骗)us into buying the inferior products. 2. ________(排放) the nuclear waste water into the sea is dangerous, which affects both humans and animals. 3. Nowadays the ________(重点) for travelling is shifted from shopping to food and scenery. 4. The generous ambassador has ________(发起) several homeless children in the past ten years. 5. To our delight, the concert will be ________(广播) live by many channels. 6. The carpets purchased from the factory can be divided into three main ________(种类). 7. The two ________(见证人)gave contradictory evidence to what had happened the day before. 8. Confucius was an extraordinary educator and philosopher, who ________(建立) Confucianism. 9. As ________(公民) of our country, it is our duty and responsibility to stand up for the legal rights of our own in the election. 【答案】 1. trapped 2. Releasing 3. priority 4. sponsored 5. broadcast 6. categories 7. witnesses 8. founded 9. citizens III.核心单词拓展拔高 1. ________ n. 批评家→________ adj. 批评的,批判性的;关键的;危急的→________ vt. 批评,批判;指责,挑剔;评论→________ adv. 批判性地;危急地;精密地→________ n. 批评,批判;指责,挑剔;评论 2. ________ vi. & vt. 延伸(距离);扩大;延长;伸展→________ n. 扩大;扩建部分;电话分机 3. ________ vt. 建造,建设→________ n. 建筑,建造;建筑物 4. ________ adj. 轻微的,次要的→________ n. 少数,少数派;少数民族→________ n. 最少量 adj. 最低的 5. ________ n. 洗澡,洗浴;浴缸,浴盆→________ vi. & vt. 洗澡;用水清洗;使沐浴 6. ________ adj. 自动的;无意识的,不假思索的→________ adv. 自动地;无意识地,不假思索地 7. ________ vt. & vi. 侦查,调查;研究→________ n. 侦查,调查;探究 8. ________ n. 报纸,刊物→________ n. 新闻记者,新闻工作者→________ n. 新闻业,新闻工作 9. ________ vt. 相矛盾,相反;反驳,驳斥→________ n. 矛盾,不一致→________ adj. 矛盾的,对立的 10. ________ n. 事实→________ adj. 事实的,真实的 11. ________ vi. 相异;意见相左→________ adj. 不同的,有差异的→________ n. 差异,不同 12. ________ vt. & vi. 推断出;(使)结束→________ n. 结论,推论;结束,结果;签订,达成 13. ________ adj. 正确无误的;精确的→________ n. 精确,准确→________ adv. 精确地,准确地 14. ________ vt. 犯(罪/错误);承诺→________ adj. 尽心尽力的→________ n. 献身,投入;承诺,许诺;花费 15. ________ adj. 好奇的;稀奇的→________ n. 好奇心,求知欲;奇物,珍品→________ adv. 好奇地 16. ________ vt. & vi. 做广告,登广告;公布,征聘;展现,宣传→________ n. 广告活动,广告业→________ n. 广告,启事; 广告活动,广告宣传→________ n. 广告商 17. ________ vt. 说服;使信服→________ n. 说服,劝说;信仰→________ adj. 有说服力的,令人信服的 18. ________ vt. 记住,记忆→________ n. 记忆,记忆力;回忆→________ adj. 难忘的,值得纪念的 19. ________ vt. & n. 放,放置;安置;地方→________ n. 放置;安置 20. ________ vt. (提供)消遣;逗笑→________ adj. 逗乐的,好笑的→________ adj. 有趣的,好笑的→________ n. 娱乐;娱乐活动 【答案】 1. critic; critical; criticize; critically; criticism 2. extend; extension 3. construct; construction 4. minor; minority; minimum 5. bath; bathe 6. automatic; automatically 7. investigate; investigation 8. journal; journalist; journalism 9. contradict; contradiction; contradictory 10. fact; factual 11. differ; different; difference 12. conclude; conclusion 13. accurate; accuracy; accurately 14. commit; committed; commitment 15. curious; curiosity; curiously 16. advertise; advertising; advertisement; advertiser 17. persuade; persuasion; persuasive 18. memorize; memory; memorable 19. place; placement 20. amuse; amused; amusing; amusement 用所给词的适当形式完成句子(词汇派生) 1. The President is ________ to reforming health care，and thanks to his ________, people there are enjoying a better medical service. (commit) 2. The chief editor ________ Tom, a new reporter, so bitterly that he was deeply hurt by the ________ and thus made a ________ decision that he would quit the job as a journalist. (criticize) 3. He began a career in ________, working for the North London Press Group and was put in charge of the publication of ________. (journalist) 4. We are faced with two apparently ________ statements, for the reason that there is a ________ between the two sets of figures in the two statements. (contradict) 5. Whenever ideas on childcare vary in the family, try to settle the ________, think ________ and find a ________ way out. (differ) 6. To ________ the witnesses to speak out the truth，the policeman had to use all his powers of ________ to make his point ________. (persuade) 7. Though the exchange life had come to an end, it left a permanent ________ on me. I will ________ these ________ days with you forever. (memory) 8. ________ have found that lack of confidence is a ________ barrier to success. (psychology) 9. After working for forty years, the ________ believes it’s time for him to call it a day to his ________ life. (politics) 10. When reading online news, people are encouraged to ________ with the poster，and this ________ mode is really popular. (interaction) 【答案】 1. committed; commitment 2. criticized; criticism; critical 3. journalism; journals 4. contradictory; contradiction 5. differences; differently; different 6. persuade; persuasion; persuasive 7. memory; memorize; memorable 8. Psychologists; psychological 9. politician; political 10. interact; interactive IV. 重点短语默写清单 1. ________________ 很多，许多 2. ________________ 发生 3. ________________ 例如，比如 4. ________________ 揭露，披露 5. ________________ 总结，概括 6. ________________ 致力于 7. ________________ (尺寸和数量上)增加，上升 8. ________________ 迅速出现，突然兴起 9. ________________ 被传达，被理解，把…讲清楚 10. ________________ (使)增添乐趣；使更艳丽 【答案】 1. dozens of 2. come about 3. for instance 4. bring sth. to light 5. sum up 6. be committed to 7. mount up 8. spring up 9.get across 10.brighten up 用方框内所给短语完成句子。 mounting up, for instance, even if/though, getting… across, dozens of spring up, brighten up, to sum up, brought it to light, come about 1. Despite his low voice，he succeeded in ________________ his ideas ________________. 2. Thousands of new towns are seen to ________________ around railroad stations. 3. I have bought lots of items online，but meanwhile, my debts keep ________________. 4. There is no doubt that newly-picked flowers will ________________ any room in the house. 5. How did it ________________ that he didn’t get the scholarship? 6. What would you do, ________________, if you found a member of staff stealing? 7. Bad weather has caused ________________ flight cancellations over the holiday weekend. 8. We had no idea that there was abuse going on until the interview ________________. 9. I looked forward to the pay, ________________ I wasn’t sure how much it would amount to. 10. The exhibition has some weak points, but ________________, I consider it a success.  【答案】 1. getting… across 2. spring up 3. mounting up 4. brighten up 5. come about 6. for instance 7. dozens of 8. brought it to light 9. even if/though 10. to sum up  V.课文重点句型应用 1. be thought to have done sth. 被认为做了……; leave+宾语+v. -ed The fire, which ________________________________ from the 8th floor, spread quickly through the tower block on Sunday night, ________________________________. 周日晚上的大火被认为是从九楼开始的,很快蔓延到整座公寓大楼,把高楼层的人们困在里面。 2. that引导同位语从句 ________________ the number of deaths could reach 5, according to figures released by emergency services. 根据紧急服务部门公布的数据,人们越来越担心死亡人数可能会达到五人。 3. be about to do sth. when. . . 正要做……这时…… I ________________________________ I heard people screaming and dogs barking. 我正要洗澡,这时听到有人在尖叫,有狗在吠。 4. so引导倒装句 As media channels have grown in number and type, ________________________________. 译文:随着媒体渠道在数量和类型上的增长,广告也在增长。 5. the more. . . ,the more. . . ________________________________,________________________________ attracted to buy the product. 我们越喜欢品牌大使,就越会被吸引去购买产品。 6. so that引导结果状语从句 Some films are now sponsored by leading brands, ________________________________, like the watches worn by the title character in the James Bond films. 现在有些电影是由领先品牌赞助的,所以只有其产品出现在电影中,就像詹姆斯·邦德电影中的主角佩戴的手表。 7. the next time引导时间状语从句 We absorb these marketing messages without thinking about them too much, yet they will probably have an effect on us ________________________________. 我们没有多加思考就吸收了这些促销信息,但它们可能会在我们下次购物时对我们产生影响。 8. That’ s why… ________________________________, it often launches a mass media advertising campaign. 这就是为什么当一家公司想要推广一种产品或服务时，它通常会发起一场大众媒体广告活动。 【答案】 1. is thought to have started; leaving people on the upper floors trapped. 2. Fears grew that 3. was about to have a bath when 4. so have advertisements 5. The more we like the brand ambassador, the more we will be 6. so that only their products appear in the films 7. the next time 8. That is why when a company wants to promote a product or service 完成句子 1.由于交通堵塞，我上班迟到了，我的许多同事也因此迟到了。 Trapped in a traffic jam，I was late for work, and ________________________________. 2. 你总是全身心地投入学习。这就是为什么你可以完美地实现你的梦想。 You are always committed to your study heart and soul. ________________________________. 3. 从你的故事中我们可以得出一个结论：你越努力，就会越成功。 We can conclude from your story that ________________________________. 4. 我正要给你写信，突然收到你的电子邮件询问如何适应你的新学校生活。(be about to do...when...) I ________________________________ I received your e-mail asking how to adapt yourself to your new school life. 5. 毫无疑问，当人们一开始被新老师和新同学包围时，他们会感到不安。(同位语从句) ________________________________ when surrounded with new teachers and classmates at first. 【答案】 1. so were many of my colleagues 2. This is why you can perfectly fulfill your dream 3. the harder you work, the more successful you will be. 4. was about to write to you when 5. There is no doubt that people will get uneasy VI.课文改编语法填空 1. Reading We rely on news to learn about what is happening in the world around us. 1.________, we usually find that reports on the same events contain different or even contradictory information. It is advisable to remember that journalists may have different 2.________(priority). Even if news reports are written from 3 ________(basic) the same perspective, they may contradict each other in terms of factual details. So check when the reports were written. News reports 4.________(write) at different stages of an event could contain different information as new facts 5.________(bring) to light. Another aspect worthy of mention is that journalists may approach information they get from research or interviews differently. Therefore, checking different sources 6.________(enable) us to draw a more informed conclusion. In 7.________(conclude), it is wise to read news reports written from various perspectives and at different stages, which brings us a more accurate understanding of a situation. We also need to be critical about the information we receive and remember not to blindly trust 8.________ we have read. Though journalists are committed to 9.________(present) the truth, it is better to use our own judgement 10.________ rely entirely on news reports. 2. Extended reading Advertisements，which often use words and pictures 1.________(persuade) people to buy a product or service, can be found wherever we go. 2.________ successful advertisement will not only make people aware of a product or service, but also create a desire to buy, behind 3.________ advertisers have developed ways of persuading people into purchasing their products or services. One of the common techniques is to create 4.________(memory) slogans. 5.________ technique is to link their company or product to a brand ambassador. In addition，some advertisements are not so obvious，in which product 6.________(place) is typically used. For example, some films 7.________(sponsor) by leading brands, so that only their products appear in the film. Now, 8.________(advertise) is becoming more digital and more personalized, making it more possible for us to receive special discounts and promotions 9.________(target) specifically at us. In the future，the development in advertising will help companies target their customers more 10.________(efficient) to have a positive effect on sales. 【答案】 1. Reading 1. However 2. priorities 3. basically 4. written 5. are brought 6. enables 7. conclusion 8. what 9. presenting 10. than 2. Extended reading 1. to persuade 2. A 3. which 4. memorable 5. Another 6. placement 7. are sponsored 8. advertising 9. targeted 10. efficiently 附:单元词汇记忆表 critical adj. 批评的，批判性的；关键的；危急的 trap vt. 使落入险境；卡住，绊住n. 陷阱，罗网；圈套；困境，牢笼 release vt. 发布；释放；松开；发泄n. 释放；发行；排放，泄漏 ambulance n. 救护车 extend vi. & vt. 延伸(距离)；扩大；延长；伸展 construction n. 建筑，建造；建造物 dozen n. 许多；(一)打；十来个 dozens of 很多，许多 minor adj. 轻微的，次要的 bath n. 洗澡，洗浴；浴缸，浴盆 scream vi. & vt. 尖叫；高声喊；发出大而尖的声音n. 尖叫，尖锐刺耳的声音 bark vi.(狗)吠叫vt. 厉声发令n.(狗)吠声；短促响亮的人声；树皮 choke vt. & vi.(使)窒息；(使)哽咽，(尤指感情激动而)说不出话来 cigarette n. 香烟 carpet n. 地毯；覆盖地面的一层厚东西 automatic adj. 自动的；无意识的，不假思索的 investigate vt. & vi. 侦查，调查；研究 come about 发生 journalist n. 新闻记者，新闻工作者 priority n. 优先事项，首要事情；优先权，重点 contradict vt. 相矛盾，相反；反驳，驳斥 factual adj. 事实的，真实的 instance n. 例子，事例 for instance 例如，比如 differ vi. 相异；意见相左 conclusion n. 结论，推论；结束，结果；签订，达成 false adj.错误的，不真实的；非天生的；假的，伪造的；不真诚的 bring sth to light 揭露，披露 minimum n. 最小值，最少量adj. 最低的，最小的 maximum n. 最大量，最大限度adj. 最高的，最多的 sum up 总结，概括 sum n. 金额，款项；总和，总数；全部 accurate adj. 正确无误的；精确的 committed adj. 尽心尽力的 be committed to 致力于 discrimination n. 辨别力，识别力；歧视，区别对待 curiosity n. 好奇心，求知欲；奇物，珍品 journalism n. 新闻业，新闻工作 commitment n. 献身，投入；承诺，许诺；花费 citizen n. 公民；市民，居民 found vt. 创建，创办；建立，兴建 politics n. 政治，政治事务；(个人的)政治观点，政见 accuse vt. 谴责，控诉 tax n. 税，税款vt. 对…征税，使纳税 mount vi. 逐步增加vt. 攀登，爬上n. 山 mount up(尺寸和数量上)增加，上升 *elevation n. 提高；提升；海拔 profession n. 行业，职业；同行；宣称，声明 drama n. 戏剧；戏剧性事件 scholarship n. 奖学金；学术 category n. 类别，种类 nevertheless adv. 尽管如此 witness vt. & vi. 是发生…的时间(或地点)，见证；目击；作证；是…的迹象n. 目击者，见证人；证人 edition n. 版本；一份，一期；版次 platform n. 计算机平台；站台，月台；讲台，舞台 spring up 迅速出现，突然兴起 interaction n. 互动；互相作用 membership n.(统称)会员，会员人数；会员资格 chart n. 图表；海图；(the charts)排行榜vt. 记录；制订计划；绘制区域地图 broadcast n. 广播节目，电视节目vi. & vt. (broadcast, broadcast) 播送，广播；散布，传播 advertising n. 广告活动，广告业 persuasion n. 说服，劝说；信仰 persuade vt. 说服；使信服 advertisement n. (informal ad) 广告，启事；广告活动，广告宣传 channel n. 途径，渠道；电视台；频道；方法；水渠 peak adj. 高峰时期的，最高度的n. 顶峰，高峰；山峰；尖端vi. 达到高峰，达到最高值 advertise vt. & vi. 做广告，登广告；公布，征聘；展现，宣传 boost vt. 使增长，使兴旺n. 增长，提高；帮助，激励 psychology n. 心理，心理特征；心理学 purchase vt. 买，购买n. 购买，采购；购买的东西，购买项目 memorable adj. 难忘的，值得纪念的 *slogan n. 标语，口号 teapot n. 茶壶 get across 被传达，被理解，把…讲清楚 *brand n. 品牌；类型；烙印 *ambassador n. 大使，代表 placement n. 放置；安置 rating n. 收视率；等级，级别 sponsor vt. 赞助；主办；为慈善活动捐款；资助n. 赞助商；为慈善活动捐款的人 absorb vt. 理解，掌握；吸收；吸引全部注意力 discount n. 折扣vt. 打折出售 tailor vt. 专门制作，定做n. 裁缝 brighten up(使)增添乐趣；使更艳丽 housing n. 住房，住宅 estate n. 住宅区；(通常指农村的)大片私有土地；个人财产，(尤指)遗产 housing estate 住宅区，住宅群 amuse vt.(提供)消遣；逗笑 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$