UNIT2 Period 5 Lesson 2 & Lesson 3—Language Points-【优化探究】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第一册同步导学案配套课件（北师大版2019）

选择性必修第一册 UNIT 2　SUCCESS Period 5　Lesson 2 & Lesson 3—Language Points 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 课堂检测 素养达标 课时作业 巩固提升 词汇识记 1．influential adj.有影响力的 Our newspaper is an influential newspaper in this city. 我们的报纸在本市有很大影响力。 influence n．影响力；影响 2．devote vt.把……奉献给；专心致力于 Only if you devote yourself to your goal can you make your dream a reality. 只有专注于自己的目标，你才能把理想变成现实。 His devotion to science is well known. 他对科学的献身精神为人熟知。 devote...to致力于 devoted adj.挚爱的；忠实的，忠诚的 devotion n．奉献；关爱；忠心 3．production n．生产；产量 If we cannot sell more goods，we'll have to cut back on the production. 如果我们不能卖出更多的货物，就必须降低产量。 produce v．生产；引起；制片；分娩 n．产品；农产品 4．minimum n．最少量；最小数；最低限度 The minimum wage is 4.25 dollars an hour. 最低工价为每小时4.25美元。 5．championship n．冠军称号，冠军地位 Her best moment was her first championship race. 她最棒的时刻是她第一次参加锦标赛。 6．publisher n．出版商 The book really does great credit to the publisher. 这本书确实给出版者赢得了荣誉。 publish v．出版；发行；公开发表 7．reject vt.拒绝接受 I was annoyed at her rejection of my offer. 我为她拒绝我的提议而感到不快。 8．contract n．合同；契约 Several companies will bid for the contract. 数家公司要投标争取合约。 rejection n．嫌弃；拒绝接受 9．motivating adj.起激励作用的；激发(人)的 Enlightened self-interest is also a motivating factor. 对自身利益的明智考虑也是一种激励因素。 motivated adj.积极的；主动的 motivate v．激励；激发 motivation n．动力；积极性 10．limit vt.& n．限制，限定 The team performed to the limit of its capabilities. 这个队已竭尽全力。 limited adj.有限(制)的 limitless adj.无限的 limitation n．局限，缺陷；限制 11．convince vt.说服；使确信 I've been trying to convince him to see a doctor. 我一直劝他去看病。 convinced adj.确信的；深信的 convincing adj.令人信服的 12．entry n．条目；进入 The people without a ticket are denied entry. 没有票的人不许入内。 13．academic adj.学术的 With my strong academic background，I am competent. 依我良好的学术背景，我能胜任。 academically adv.学业上；学术上；理论上 14．ruin vt.毁掉，糟蹋，毁坏 n．毁坏；废墟 The flood ruined crops in the field，and many buildings lay in ruins. 洪水毁坏了田里的庄稼，许多建筑物也变成了废墟。 15．skip vt.不做(本来应做的事)；蹦跳着走；跳过 Let's skip over this page and come to page 55. 咱们越过这一页，看第55页。 16．defensive adj.戒备的，自卫的 They teamed together into a defensive alliance. 他们联合起来组成一个防卫同盟。 defend vt.保护；保卫；辩解 defence n．防御；保护；保卫 defender n．防御者 17．element n．基本部分；要素 Honesty，industry and kindness are elements of a good life. 诚实、勤劳和善良是幸福生活的要素。 18．intensity n．强度；强烈 I was surprised by the intensity of his anxiety. 我对他的极度焦虑感到吃惊。 intense adj.强大的；紧张的；强烈的 19．countless adj.无数的，数不尽的 There are countless stars in the sky. 天上有无数的星星。 20．hire vt.租用 We hired an advertising company for help to sell our product. 我们雇用了一家广告公司来推销我们的产品。 count v．计算；视为；依赖；重要n.计数 21．boil vi.& vt.(使)沸腾，煮沸 I am boiling the milk. 我正在煮牛奶。 boil down to sth.归结为；要点是 22．enormous adj.巨大的，庞大的 Long ago enormous animals lived on the earth. 很久以前，地球上生活着巨大的动物。 23．stay in 待在家里 Let's stay in tonight and watch a video. 今晚让我们待在家里，看视频。 enormously adv.极度；大量 24．length n．长度 The length of your talk must be at least 10 minutes. 你的演讲时间至少要维持10分钟。 long adj.长的；长期的 25．apply oneself to sth.努力；专心致志于某事 He applied himself to his new job. 他努力干好新的工作。 apply v．申请；适用；应用 application n．申请(书)；应用 applicant n．申请人 26．apart adj.& adv.分开；散开 She lives apart from her family. 她跟家人分开住。 set sb./sth.apart 使与众不同 27．platform n．舞台；月台 He was walking up and down the station platform. 他在火车站的月台上走来走去。 28．outstanding adj.杰出的，优秀的 Given the chance，John might have become an outstanding painter. 如果有机会，约翰也许会成为一位杰出的画家。 29．average adj.平庸的，普通的；平均的 n．平均水平；平均数 There were 90 students getting full marks in the English exam，with an average of 18 students in each class.Jane's was above average while John's was below average，which made his teacher disappointed. 本次英语考试共有90名学生得了满分，平均每个班级有18名同学。简的成绩高于平均分，但是约翰的却低于平均分，这让老师很失望。 30．normal adj.正常的，平常的 Everything is absolutely normal. 一切都很正常。 normally adv.通常；正常地 31．recognised adj.公认的；经过检验的 The book is now recognized as a classic. 这本书现在被公认为经典著作。 recognise v．辨认出；承认，认可 recognition n．认出；认可 32．contribute v．捐献；促成 With determination and devotion，everyone can contribute to the development of society. 拥有了决心和奉献精神，每个人都可以为社会的发展做出贡献。 contribution n．捐献；贡献；促成 contributor n．投稿者；捐助者 33．style n．方式，特点 I wouldn't tell lies to you; that's not my style. 我不会跟你撒谎，那不是我的风格。 34．retire vi.退休；退职 The old worker decided to retire to the country. 这位老工人决定退休搬到乡下去。 retire from从……退休 retirement n．退休；隐匿处 35．leadership n．领导；领导地位 He shows quality of leadership. 他显示出领导才能。 36．advanced adj.先进的；高级的；晚期的 The ancient Egyptians had advanced civilization. 古埃及人曾经拥有高度文明。 advance v．前进；取得进步 n．进步，进展 37．forwards adv.向前 I engaged the clutch and the car moved forwards. 我踩下离合器，汽车便朝前开了。 38．collapse vi.突然倒下；倒塌 The roof collapsed under the weight of snow. 房顶在雪的重压下突然坍塌下来。 39．reference n．推荐信；谈到，提及 This book is for reference only. 这本书仅供参考。 40．faith n．相信；信任 He has great talent，but he has lost his faith. 他很有天赋，但是他已经丧失了信心。 refer v．提到，谈到；参考；与……有关 41．discipline n．自制力；纪律vt.惩罚，处罚 She is strict in the matter of discipline. 她对纪律的要求是严格的。 42．found vt.创立；创建 This business company was founded in 1724. 这家商业公司成立于1724年。 43．fashion n．时尚 She was the queen of fashion during the 60s. 她是60年代的时尚女王。 44．designer n．设计师，设计者 She was dressed by a leading New York designer. 她穿着纽约杰出设计师设计的服装。 design n．设计；图案；构思；[C]设计方案；设计图样 vt.设计；筹划 45．bitterly adv.痛苦地；愤恨地 It is bitterly cold today. 今天冷得很。 bitter adj.苦的；痛苦的 46．promotion n．提升，晋升 There are good chances of promotion in this firm. 这家公司里提升的机会很多。 promote vt.促进；提升；推销 promoter n．筹办人；倡导者 47．label n．便签，标记 vt.贴标签于 I read the information on the label before deciding which jam to buy. 我先看果酱标签上的说明再决定买哪种． 48．entrance n．进入许可；入口 There is an entrance just around the corner. 拐角处有个入口。 49．income n．收入；收益 My monthly income was just over 200 pounds. 我每月的收入只有200多英磅。 默写练习 【限时：20分钟】 Ⅰ.默写重点单词 1．____________ vi.努力；奋斗 2．____________ vt.毁掉；糟蹋；毁坏 3．____________ vt.不做(本来应做的事)；蹦跳着走 4．____________ n．训练，锻炼 5．____________ n．牺牲 strive ruin skip workout sacrifice 6．__________ adj.无数的，数不尽的 7．________ vt.租用 8．______ vi.& vt.(使)沸腾，煮沸 9．____________ adj.巨大的，庞大的 10．____________ n．舞台；月台 11．____________ adj.杰出的，优秀的 countless hire boil enormous platform outstanding 12．____________ adj.平庸的，普通的；平均的 n．平均水平；平均数 13．____________ adj.正常的，平常的 14．____________ n．方式，特点 15．____________ adv.向前 16．____________ vt.创立；创建 average normal style forwards found 17．____________ n．时尚 18．____________ n．便签，标记 vt.贴标签于 19．____________ n．进入许可；入口 20．____________ n．收入；收益 21．____________ adv.痛苦地；愤恨地 22．____________ n．领导；领导地位 fashion label entrance income bitterly leadership 23．____________ n．设计师，设计者 24．____________ n．合同；契约 25．____________ n．最少量；最小数；最低限度 26．____________ n．冠军称号，冠军地位 27．____________ v．增进；捐献；促成→____________ n．捐献；贡献→__________________ n．捐献者；投稿人 designer contract minimum championship descontribute　 contribution　 contributorigner 28．_______ vi.退休；退职→____________ n．退休；退职→____________ adj.退休的 29．____________ adj.先进的；高级的；晚期的→____________ n．& v．前进；进步；发展 30．__________ n．推荐信；谈到，提及→________ v．谈到，提及 retire retirement　 retired advanced　 advance reference 　refer 31．_______ n．相信；信任→____________ adj.忠实的；忠诚的 32．____________ n．提升，晋升→____________ v.提升，晋升 33．____________ adj.自私的，自私自利的→____________ adj.无私的 34．____________ adj.有影响力的→____________ n．& vt.影响 faith faithful promotion promote selfish　 selfless influential　 influence 35．________ vt.把……奉献给；专心致力于→__________ n．奉献；忠心→____________ adj.挚爱的；忠诚的；热衷的 36．____________ n．出版商 →__________ vt.出版 37．____________ vt.拒绝接受→____________ n．嫌弃；拒绝接受 38．____________ adj.起激励作用的；激发(人)的 →____________ vt.使有动机，促动，激发 →____________ n．动力；积极性→____________ adj.积极的，主动的 devote devotion devoted publisher publish reject　 rejection　 motivating　 motivate motivation　 motivated 39．_________ vt.& n．限制，限定→____________ n．局限，缺陷→__________ adj.有限的→_________ adj.无限制的；无限度的 40．____________ n．使人分心的事物→____________ v．分散(注意力)；使分心→____________ adj.思想不集中的 41．____________ vt.使确信；说服→____________ adj.令人信服的，有说服力的→____________ adj.坚信的，确信的 limit　 limitation　 limited limitless distraction　 distract　 distracted convince　 convincing　 convinced 42．____________ n．生产；产量→____________ n．产品→____________ v．生产，制造；引起n.农产品→____________ adj.富有成效的；多产的 43．____________ n．长度→____________ v．延长，使加长→____________ adj.长的 44．__________ adj.公认的；经过检验的→____________ v．认识；认出，辨别出；认可→____________ n．认可 production　 product　 produce　 productive length　 lengthen long recognised recognise　 recognition Ⅱ.词形变化填空 1．We sincerely appreciated his ____________ (devote) of time and money to the project. 2．All research proposals must be accompanied by a full ____________ (motivate). 3．He is recognised as one of the most ____________ (influence) figures in early 20th century. devotion motivation influential 4．They are delighted to find that the new methods are quite fruitful and ____________ (product). 5．She faced many difficulties on the way to becoming an astronaut，starting with ________ (reject) of her first application! productive rejection Ⅲ.短语英汉互译 1．____________致力于 2．____________把……限制在 3．_______________以……为例 4．____________ 对……做出贡献；投稿；有助于 devote...to limit...to　 take...for example contribute to 5．a minimum of____________ 6．convince sb.to do sth. _______________ 7．apply oneself to sth._____________________ 8．boil down to sth._______________ 9．prepare oneself for_______________ 10．check out____________ 至少，最少 说服某人做某事 努力；专心致志于某事 归结为；要点是 为……做好准备 检查，核对 11．____________________使与众不同 12．________待在家里 13．____________从……退休 14．__________平均 set sb./sth.apart stay in retire from on average Ⅳ.选词填空 从上面短语英汉互译中选择合适的完成下列句子 1．At weekends I would rather stay in ________________ reading my favourite novels than go shopping. 2．Doing so can help you come across as confident and committed，which will _____ you ______ from other candidates. 3．I hope what I've done can ________________ international cooperation and understanding. applying myself to　 set apart contribute to 4．I used to _______ my free time ______ playing badminton with my classmates in the school stadium. 5．It is reported that smoking reduces life expectancy by around 2 years ____________． devote to on average 词汇精研 1.devote vt.把……奉献给；专心致力于 [教材原文] For more than 50 years，he has devoted his life to rice production...50多年来，他一直致力于水稻生产…… [即学即练]——单句语法填空/句型转换 ①You will never gain success unless you are fully devoted ________ your work. ②Amanda is always warm-hearted and cares a lot about the class.Besides，she often devotes her spare time to ____________ (help) others. ③His ____________ (devote) to his wife and family is touching. to helping devotion ④The young lady is devoted to teaching the deaf children and has little time to care for her own daughter. →______________________________________，the young lady has little time to care for her own daughter.(用现在分词短语作状语) →______________________________________，the young lady has little time to care for her own daughter.(用过去分词短语作状语) Devoting herself to teaching the deaf children Devoted to teaching the deaf children (1)devote oneself to (doing) sth.献身于/致力于(做)某事 devote one's life/time/money/energy to (doing) sth.把某人的一生/时间/金钱/精力奉献于(做)某事 (2)devoted adj.忠实的；深爱的 be devoted to (doing) sth.专心于/奉献于(做)某事 (3)devotion n．关爱；关照；奉献；忠诚 2.reject vt.拒绝接受；抛弃，去除；排斥 [教材原文] Luckily for Harry Potter fans，the author J．K.Rowling didn't listen to the negative comments from the twelve publishers who rejected her books.对于《哈利·波特》的粉丝们来说，幸运的是，作者J.K.罗琳并没有听从12家拒绝了她的书的出版商的负面评论。 [即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①It's obvious why his application ____________ (reject). ②I have a good many things to fear，among which I fear ____________ (reject) and loneliness most. ③我加入该组织会员资格的申请被拒绝了，这使我很沮丧。 ____________________________________________________，which made me depressed. ④如果那不是你想要的，那就完全拒绝他们。 If that is not what you want，__________________________． was rejected rejection My application for membership of the organization was rejected reject them completely (1)reject a gift/an opinion/a suggestion 拒绝接受一件礼物/一条意见/一个建议 reject one's request拒绝某人的请求 reject one's offer/help拒绝某人的帮助 (2)rejection n．拒绝；抛弃 3.motivating adj.激发(人)的；起激励作用的 [教材原文] I think it's very useful and motivating.我认为这是非常有用且激励人的。 [即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The new teacher tried to make his students ____________ (motivate)，but in vain. ②He admits that he lacks ____________ (motivate) and is always unwilling to learn voluntarily. motivated motivation ③We create happy work and happy life with the following method：implementing a competitive and _________ (motivate) compensation policy. ④你是怎样激励大家奋发且高效地工作的？ How do you ____________________________ and efficiently? ⑤从根本上讲，学习主要是个人纪律问题；不能仅靠学校或大学激励学生。 Learning is primarily a matter of personal discipline; students cannot ________________ school or college alone. motivating motivate people to work hard be motivated by (1)motivate vt.使有动机，促使，激发 be motivated by受……的驱使 motivate sb.to do sth.激励某人做某事 (2)motivation n．动机；动力；诱因 4.limit vt.& n．限制，限定 [教材原文] ...limiting time on social networking and other distractions.……限制社交网络和其他干扰因素的时间。 [即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①He was born in a poor family，and only received ______ (limit) education in his childhood. ②I've been asked to limit my speech _______ ten minutes maximum. limited to ③我忍不住想要大笑，可我控制住自己，只是微微一笑。(神态描写) I am tempted to laugh but I hold myself ______________________． ④人的生命是有限的，但为人民服务是无限的。(主旨升华) _________________ one's life，but _________________ the people. within the limits of a smile There is a limit to no limit to serving (1)limit...to...把……限定在……范围内 (2)within the limits of...在……范围内 beyond the limits of超出…… within limits在一定范围内；有限度地 without limits无限地 (3)limited adj.有限的 be limited to sth.受限制于某物 5.convince vt.使确信；说服 [教材原文] Mm，you've convinced me to read this book！嗯，你说服了我去读这本书！ [即学即练]——单句语法填空/句型转换 ①That was the most ____________ (convince) words I had ever heard. ②You need to convince the interviewers ______ your ability to do the job well. ③It took me many hours to convince the poor boy ________ (go) to school again. ④I managed to convince them that the story was true. →I managed to ________________ the truth of the story. convincing of to go convince them of [名师点津]　“v.＋sb.＋of＋sth.”的短语还有： accuse sb.of sth.控告某人某事　cure sb.of sth.治好某人某病 remind sb.of sth.提醒某人某事 warn sb.of sth.警告某人某事 suspect sb.of sth.怀疑某人某事 rob sb.of sth.抢劫某人某物 inform sb.of sth.通知某人某事 cheat sb.of sth.骗取某人某物 (1)convince sb.to do sth.说服某人做某事 convince sb.of sth.使某人相信某事 convince sb.that...使某人相信…… (2)convinced adj.确信的，深信的 be convinced of/that...坚信/确信…… (3)convincing adj.信服的；有说服力的 6.sacrifice v．& n．牺牲，献出 [教材原文] What are the sacrifices for？这些牺牲是为了什么？ [即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Last summer I sacrificed my holiday ____________ (help) the old. ②He is always ready to sacrifice his personal interest ____________ the group benefit. ③为了让儿子接受好的教育，她做出了很多牺牲。 She ________________________ to get her son a good education. ④他为救那个孩子而牺牲了自己的生命。 He saved the child ________________________ his own life. to help for　 made many sacrifices at the sacrifice of (1)sacrifice...for...为……而牺牲……；牺牲……而换得…… sacrifice...to do sth.为做某事而牺牲…… (2)make sacrifices/a sacrifice做出牺牲 at the sacrifice of...牺牲…… 7.ruin vt.毁坏，毁掉，糟蹋；使破产 n．毁灭，毁坏；废墟，遗址(常用复数) [教材原文] I think of countless birthday parties and nights out I have missed，ruining a family holiday in France because of the endless search for a swimming pool to train in...我想到了曾经错过的无数生日派对和本来可以外出狂欢的夜晚；因为一直寻找可以训练的游泳池，而破坏了一次去法国的全家旅行…… [即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①If you're addicted to computer games，you'll ruin ____________ (you). ②Many factories fell _____ ruin after the financial crisis in the world. ③滥用药物能损害健康是事实。 It is true that drug abuse can ____________________． ④地震之后整个城市成了一片废墟，这使我们彻夜未眠。 The whole city _____________ after the earthquake，which made us awake all night. yourself into ruin one's health lay in ruins [名师点津]　(1)ruin用作“废墟”讲时，要用复数形式。 (2)ruin表示“毁坏”时，常指天灾人祸导致的无法修复的毁坏，也可指希望、计划、愿望或理想的毁灭。 (1)ruin oneself自取灭亡 ruin one's health/fame毁坏某人的健康/名誉 (2)in ruins毁坏；严重受损；破败不堪 bring sb.to ruin使某人失败；使某人倾家荡产 fall into/go to/come to ruin毁灭；败落 8.apply vi.申请；请求 vt.使用，应用；努力，专心致志 [教材原文] Call it unhealthy if you want，but that is the way I roll，no matter what it is I'm applying myself to.你若说这是一种病态也行，但这就是我的做事风格，不管做什么我都会全力以赴。 [巧学助记] All the applicants can apply in person or by letter and at the same time should hand in their applications before May 6th.所有申请人均可亲自或以书信形式提出申请，同时应于5月6日前递交申请。 [即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①They applied ___ the government _____ financial help. ②Students should apply ____________ (them) to their study. ③Tom presented the manager his ____________ (apply). ④我们应该把理论应用于实践。 We should ____________________________________． ⑤这项新技术已应用于农业。 The new technology _________________________________． to for themselves application apply the theory to practice has been applied to farming (1)apply...to...把……运用到……中；把……涂到……上 apply to...适用于…… apply (to...) for...(向……)申请…… apply oneself to sth.专心致志于某事；努力 (2)applicant n．申请人 application n．申请；申请书；应用 9.set...apart 使……与众不同 [教材原文] If you want to be an Olympic champion，it's all about that little extra thing you have done in your preparation that will set you apart from your competitors.如果你想成为奥运冠军，就要在训练中多付出那额外的一点点，它将使你从竞争者中脱颖而出。 [即学即练]——完成句子 ①买房子时，除了价格，我们还要考虑房子的位置。 ____________________，we also need to think about where it is situated when buying a house. ②请拆开收音机看看出了什么毛病。 Please ________________________ to see what's wrong with it. ③你可以从我脸上的这道疤痕分辨出我和我的孪生兄弟。 You can _____________________________ by this mark on my face. Apart from the price take the radio apart tell my twin brother and me apart ④他那深沉的声音把他和我们小镇上的其他人区别开来。 He had a deep voice，which __________________________ in our small town. ⑤我们在价格上未能达成一致意见，交易失败了。 The deal ________________ when we failed to agree on the price. set him apart from others fell apart [名师点津]　apart from作“除……以外”讲时，既可以表示“包括”之意，相当于besides；也可以表示“不包括”之意，相当于except；还可以表示说明整个基本情况后，对细节加以纠正，相当于except for。 take...apart将……拆开/拆分 tell...apart分辨出…… fall apart破裂；断裂；散开 apart from 除……之外(都)；除……之外(尚有) 10.average adj.平均的；普通的，平庸的；正常的；平常的n.平均数；平均水平；一般水准v.平均为；计算出……的平均数 [教材原文] I'd prefer to have three or four outstanding years of winning stuff rather than have ten years of being average.我宁愿有3到4年的胜利辉煌，也不选择10年的平庸无为。 [即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Last year was the warmest year on record，with global temperature 0.68 ℃ ____________ the average. ②Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving license reached 200，000，an average ____________ 40，000 per year. of above ③电脑将把每年的平均数据计算出来。 The computer will ____________ the yearly statistics. ④通常，女性比男性更关注健康和体形。 ____________，women pay more attention to their health and figure than men. average out On average (1)an average of平均有(后跟数词) on average平均起来；通常 above/below (the) average在平均水平以上/以下 (2)average out算出平均数 句式剖析 11.(教材原文)From a small girl，I would stay in at lunch time just to get ahead on class work rather than go out and play...从一个小女孩开始，我就会在午餐时间待在家里，只是为了抢先完成课堂作业，而不是出去玩…… [句式分析]　本句中rather than连接前后两个动词不定式。 [即学即练]——单句语法填空/一句多译 ①I think Mary，rather than you，___ (be) fit for the job. ②I prefer to work rather than _____ (sit) there doing nothing. 如果我不得不放弃其中一个，我会关掉电视而不是关掉我的手机。 ③If I had to give up one of them，I __________________________ switch off my cell phone. ④If I had to give up one of them，I ___________________________ switch off my cell phone. is sit would turn off the TV rather than would rather turn off the TV than [名师点津]　rather than连接两个并列的成分作主语时，谓语动词的数与rather than前面的成分在人称和数上保持一致。 (1)rather than用于连接平行结构，可连接两个并列的形容词、名词、代词、状语、动词不定式、动词-ing形式等。 (2)rather than构成的常见句型如下： prefer to do...rather than do... ＝would do...rather than do... ＝would rather do...than do... 宁愿做……而不愿做…… 12.(教材原文)I would get the bus on my own at ten years old and go to swim 100 lengths of the pool while other kids played pool games.我10岁的时候自己坐公共汽车，去游泳池游100段，而其他孩子在泳池戏水。 [句式分析]　该句中的while作并列连词，意为“但是；然而”，表示一种对比关系。 [即学即练]——完成句子/句式升级 ①你喜欢体育，而我却喜欢读书。 You like sports，____________________． ②我准备晚餐的时候他在洗澡。 He took a bath __________________________． ③尽管他饭量从来都不大，但零食却吃得很多。 ______________________________，he did snack a lot. while I prefer reading while I was preparing the dinner While never a big eater ④On the farm，we helped pick watermelons.While I was working，I realized how hard it was to work in the fields under a hot sun. →On the farm，we helped pick watermelons.________________，I realized how hard it was to work in the fields under a hot sun.(状语从句的省略) While working (1)while引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”。 (2)while引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然；尽管”，一般放在句首，相当于although。 (3)while用作名词，表示“一会儿”。常见短语：after a while“过了一会儿”；in a short while“一会儿以后”；once in a while “偶尔；间或”。 ♦作“然而”讲时，while不能放在句首。 while和but有所不同，while用于对比，but表示转折；当句子为同一个主语时应用but，不用while表示转折。 课堂检测 素养达标 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．We should all _______ (努力) to finish the task. 2．Xie Lei's preparation course is helping her to get used to the ____________ (学术的) requirements of a Western university. 3．It helped me grow from an at-times _______ (自私的) teenager into a reliable grown-up. strive academic selfish 4．She ____________ (蹦跳着走) happily along beside me. 5．This creation attracted a lot of attention thanks to its mixture of modern and traditional Chinese ____________ (元素). 6．It rained heavily and my new shoes were ____________ (毁坏) in the mud. skipped elements ruined 7．The designers have ____________ (牺牲) speed for fuel economy. 8．There were ____________ (数不尽的) trees in the forest. 9．We covered 20 kilometres in five hours.In other words，our ____________ (平均的) speed is 4 kilometres per hour. 10．In a _________ (正常的) night，of course，you often change your sleeping positions. sacrificed countless average normal Ⅱ.选词填空 count on，boil down to，stay in，apply oneself to，apart from，in ruins，at the sacrifice of，on average，no longer，rather than 1．He wrote a lot in his letter，which can ____________ it that he felt very sorry for his absence. 2．Please ____________ and let me know how you are doing. boil down to stay in 3．He has ________________ application chemistry in the past 20 years. 4．After the earthquake，the ancient building was ____________． 5．He succeeded ____________________ his health. 6．Few people can ____________ having a job for life. applied himself to in ruins at the sacrifice of count on 7．It must know how to go away when its services are ____________ required. 8．It was a fun and meaningful experiment to actively think about kind things to do ____________ let it happen naturally. 9．____________ everything else，we had financial problems. 10．By 2019，Chinese women had received 9.5 years of education ____________． no longer rather than Apart from on average Ⅲ.完成句子 1．孩子们宁愿步行去那里而不愿乘公共汽车。 The children would walk there _______________________． 2．我相信我一定能胜任这项工作。 ____________________ I can be absolutely qualified for the job. 3．虽然我明白你说的话，但我不能同意你的看法。 __________________________，I can't agree with you. rather than take a bus I am convinced that　 While I see what you say 4．除此之外，我还有很强的合作意识和团队精神。 ____________________，I also have a strong sense of cooperation and team spirit. 5．给我一次机会，我会给你一个大大的惊喜。期盼你的早日回复。(祈使句＋and＋陈述句) ____________________，and I will give you a wonderful surprise.Looking forward to your early reply. Apart from these Give me a chance 课时作业 巩固提升 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．She likes to _______ (跳) rope as a warm-up. 2．If she loses the court case, it will ________ (毁坏) her. 3．She does a 20-minute ____________ (锻炼) every morning. 4．We can _______ (租用) bikes for a day to explore the town. 5．Customer relations is an important ____________ (要素) of the job. skip ruin workout hire element 6．We encourage all members to ____________ (努力) for the highest standard. 7．The children were surprised by the sudden ____________ (进入) of their teacher. 8．The ____________ (强度) of the work left little room for personal grief or anxiety. strive entrance intensity 9．You don't have to ____________ (牺牲) environmental protection to promote economic growth. 10．The company is an ____________ (杰出的) example of a small business that grows into a big one. sacrifice outstanding Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．Those astronauts devoted all their life to ____________ (explore) the space. 2．Last term，my father met with a traffic accident，and his right leg got ____________ (injure) seriously. 3．Our funds were ____________ (limit)，and none of the houses in our price range seemed satisfactory. exploring injured　 limited 4．Having been warned ____________ (count) times，the boy still treats others rudely. 5．This ____________ (produce) of Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice marks their first visit to the UK. 6．There seemed to be lots of ____________ (distract) in the office and I couldn't focus. countless production distractions 7．It upset him that his new book was not as ____________ (influence) as he had expected. 8．He told us that a warm sea would change the ____________ (intense) of hurricanes. 9．We must strive ____________ (seize) and make full of every opportunity to improve ourselves. 10．What he had said was so ____________ (convince) that many people made an commitment to follow him. influential intensity　 convincing to seize Ⅲ.完成句子 1．他们拥有一种不是我们所有人都拥有的不同的超能力。 They have a different kind of superpower _____________________． 2．一听到老师的声音，学生们就立即停止了讲话。 __________________________，the pupils stopped talking at once. that not all of us possess Hearing their teacher's voice 3．那个男孩擅长数学而他的妹妹擅长语文。 The boy is good at maths ____________________________． 4．他不开车，而是骑自行车去上班。 ______________________，he rode his bike to work. 5．即使你不能解决所有问题，你也可以解决其中的一件。 ________________________________，you can solve a piece of it. while his sister is good at Chinese Rather than driving Even if you can't solve it all   Ⅳ.阅读理解 A One piece of advice I give young people is that they don't have to decide what they want to do for the rest of their life at age 22.Just think of all the jobs that didn't exist 10 years ago and what might exist 10 years from now. My daughter is a nurse practitioner (从业者).But she didn't start there when she went to college.She got her undergraduate degree in hotel and restaurant management with a minor (辅修课程) in business.She wanted to find a job in travel and tourism and see the world.On graduation day she looked at me and said，“Mom，I don't know what I'm going to do with my life that's meaningful，but I don't think it's travel and tourism.” I looked at her and said，“Just get a job and then figure it out.” She struggled for a year or two after college with a couple of different jobs including working in the travel industry for a short time.But she started thinking early on after graduation about becoming a nurse.Whenever she talked to me about it，I told her she'd be a great nurse—super organized，able to multitask better than anyone I knew，with amazing people skills.But I also told her that she'd have to work hard and study the science if she wanted to be a nurse. She considered her choice and decided to enter a combined nursing/nurse practitioner program getting her second bachelor's degree then her master's.She has found her passion (热衷的爱好)! Her nursing career since 2005 has progressed.She now has a mix of leadership，administrative，and clinical work. Do you know what your passion is? Have you found it in your work or are you still searching for it? [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。作者给毕业时不知道做什么的女儿提出的建议是找一份工作，然后自己去发现自己热衷的爱好，最终女儿找到了她自己喜欢的护士行业。作者用这个例子告诉我们：年轻人不必在22岁的时候决定他们的余生要做什么，重要的是要先找到自己的激情所在。 2 3 1 4 1．How did the author react to her daughter's words on graduation day? A．She recommended a job to her daughter. B．She was worried about her daughter's future. C．She was angry about her daughter's uncertainty. D．She advised her daughter to find answers in practice. 答案：D 细节理解题。由第二段中的“Just get a job and then figure it out.”可知，作者建议女儿在实践中寻找答案。 2 3 1 4 2．What was the author's attitude towards her daughter's decision to become a nurse? A．Cautious.　　　　　　　 B．Favorable. C．Unconcerned. D．Disappointed. 答案：B 2 3 1 4 观点态度题。根据第三段中的“Whenever she talked to me about it，I told her she'd be a great nurse—super organized，able to multitask better than anyone I knew，with amazing people skills.(每次她跟我说起这件事，我都告诉她，她会是一个很棒的护士——超级有条理，比我认识的任何人都更能同时处理多项任务，还拥有惊人的人际交往能力)”可推知，对于女儿决定成为一名护士，作者的态度是支持的。 2 3 1 4 3．What do we know about the author's daughter? A．She has traveled around the world. B．She has figured out what she loves to do. C．She was unsuccessful in her nursing career. D．She was unwilling to follow her mother's advice. 答案：B 2 3 1 4 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“She considered her choice and decided to enter a combined nursing/nurse practitioner program getting her second bachelor's degree then her master's.She has found her passion！(她考虑了她的选择，并决定加入护理/执业护士联合项目，获得她的第二个学士学位，然后得到她的硕士学位。她找到了她热衷的爱好！)”可知，作者的女儿已经知道自己喜欢做什么了。 2 3 1 4 4．How does the author support her main idea? A．By listing facts. B．By analyzing causes. C．By making a comparison. D．By providing a typical example. 答案：D 2 3 1 4 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“One piece of advice I give young people is that they don't have to decide what they want to do for the rest of their life at age 22.(我给年轻人的一个建议是，他们不必在22岁的时候决定他们的余生要做什么)”以及最后一段的内容，再结合文章主要通过记叙作者给毕业时不知道做什么的女儿提出的建议是找一份工作，然后自己去发现自己热衷的爱好，最终女儿找到了她自己喜欢的护士行业可知，作者用这个例子来告诉我们：年轻人不必在22岁的时候决定他们的余生要做什么，重要的是要先找到自己的激情所在。故作者是通过举出一个典型的例子来支持她的主要观点的。 2 3 1 4 B When I was six，I was so desperate to be out in nature.I'd be transported through David's documentaries (纪录片) to all these amazing places.I did a PhD studying ants and butterflies，before getting a call from the BBC asking about my work for a show called Life in the Undergrowth. I was so excited and immediately begged，“Please let me help！” Sir David himself came to film with me，so I got to meet him early on，and he is the loveliest person.Something was wrong with the car.He dived straight under it to try to fix it.His enthusiasm and passion was so real.The first trip I did with him was to Israel as an assistant producer，then in Madagascar.My dream came true. Usually，we spend six weeks filming for about three minutes of TV.What usually happens is that we're going to film one thing but the animal ends up doing something else.We stay in whatever basic accommodation is the closest，because we can't waste time on the way.So it's rare that we stay in a hotel.Patience is the key，then learning and listening. Of course you encounter animals that could hurt you.There was a moment on Planet Earth where a wolf approached me and we had to push it off with a camera.During filming for Seven Worlds we came across a beautiful but deadly snake，which casually came into our room.I took it up in a hat and put it back into the jungle.I still remember the chimps in Senegal jumped on a tree next to me and pushed it to the ground.He was like saying，“You can stay here，but if I wanted to crash you，I could.” When we film certain animals，like lions for example，we must be vigilant．We know they will attack other creatures for their territories，but there's something fascinating in the small creatures.I've always cared about these beautiful lives and the planet.I desperately want to preserve the creatures in the natural world. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。作者从童年开始就梦想成为像纪录片大师David一样的人。后来他实现了梦想，和David一起到野外拍摄动物。短文叙述了拍摄的过程。 5 6 7 8 5．Why did the author agree to work for BBC? A．Because he could work with David. B．Because he would travel abroad. C．Because he could study more animals. D．Because he would become famous. 答案：A 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“When I was six，I was so desperate to be out in nature.I'd be transported through David's documentaries to all these amazing places.”以及第二段中的“Sir David himself came to film with me”可推知，作者同意为BBC工作，是因为他可以和David一起工作。 5 6 7 8 6．Which of the following is the most important for the author's job according to the text? A．Enthusiasm. B．Listening. C．Patience. D．Observation. 答案：C 5 6 7 8 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Patience is the key，then learning and listening.”可知，耐心是关键，然后是学习和倾听。由此可知，作者的工作最重要的是耐心。 5 6 7 8 7．What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A．Clever avoidance keeps animals away. B．Filming in nature has potential danger. C．The author prefers strange experiences. D．Violent behaviours are common in the wild. 答案：B 5 6 7 8 段落大意题。根据第四段的具体描述可知，本段主要谈论在大自然中拍摄有潜在的危险。 5 6 7 8 8．What does the underlined word “vigilant” in the last paragraph mean? A．Cautious. B．Strict. C．Energetic. D．Powerful. 答案：A 5 6 7 8 词义猜测题。根据画线词下一句“We know they will attack other creatures for their territories，but there's something fascinating in the small creatures.”可知，作者在拍摄时，必须很小心。故画线单词意为“小心的，谨慎的”。cautious“谨慎的，小心的”；strict“严格的”；energetic“精力充沛的”；powerful“强大的”。 5 6 7 8 Ⅴ.语法填空 [语篇解读]　本文论述的是孩子们为什么上学，为什么要学习那么多科目。 Have you ever asked 1. (you) why children go to school? You will probably say that they go to learn languages，arithmetic，history，science and some other 2. (subject).That is quite accurate.But why do they learn these things? 1．考查反身代词。句意：你有没有问过自己为什么孩子要上学？结合句意可知，此处用反身代词作宾语，故答案为yourself。 答案：yourself 2．考查名词的单复数。some other＋名词复数，意为“一些其他的……”，故答案为subjects。 答案：subjects We send our children to school 3. (prepare) them for the time when they will be big and will have to work for themselves.Nearly everything they study at school has some 4. (practice) use in their life.But is that the only reason 5. they go to school? 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们送孩子上学是为了让他们为将来长大后自己工作做准备。此处是动词不定式作目的状语，故答案为to prepare。 答案：to prepare 4．考查词性转换。句意：几乎他们在学校学习的所有东西在他们的生活中都有一些实际用途。此处use “用途”是名词，应用形容词来修饰，故答案为practical。 答案：practical 5．考查定语从句。句意：但是这是他们上学的唯一原因吗？此处reason为先行词，空处在后面的定语从句中作原因状语，故答案为why。 答案：why There is more in education than just 6. (learn) factors.We go to school to learn how to learn，so that when we have left school，we can continue to learn.A man who really 7. (know) how to learn will always be successful，because when he has to do something new，he will not only be able to do it well himself，8. be able to teach others how to do it in the best way.The uneducated person，on the other hand，is either unable to do something new，or just does it 9. (bad).The purpose of schools，therefore，is not to teach languages，arithmetic，history，science，etc.，but to teach pupils 10. way to learn. 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：教育不仅仅是学习因素。than在此处是介词，后接动名词作宾语，答案为learning。 答案：learning 7．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：真正懂得学习的人永远是成功的。句子用一般现在时，且是who引导的定语从句，先行词a man在定语从句中作主语，是第三人称单数形式，故答案为knows。 答案：knows 8．考查连词。句意：他不仅能够自己做好这件事，而且能够教别人如何以最好的方式去做。not only...but (also)...“不但……而且……”，故答案为but。 答案：but 9．考查词性转换。句意：另一方面，没受过教育的人，要么不能做一些新的事情，要么只是做得非常糟糕。此处是副词修饰动词，故答案为badly。 答案：badly 10．考查冠词。句意：教小学生学习的方法。the way to do sth.“做某事的方法”，故答案为the。 答案：the   $$