Unit 1 Know yourself（知识清单）英语牛津译林版九年级上册

Unit 1 Know yourself Unit1 核心话题 “认识你自己” 重点词汇 1.born adj.天生的 →birth n.出生 →(近义词)natural adj.天生的 2.impress v.给.....留下印象 →impression n.印象 3.praise [U] n. 赞扬；表扬 →praise vt.称赞；表扬 4.general adj.总的；普遍的；首席的 →generally adv.通常；普遍地;一般地；大体上 →(近义词)ordinary adj.一般的；普通的 →general n.将军；上将 →generally adv.通常；普遍地；一般地 5.race n.竞赛；赛跑 →racer n.参赛者 ◆in the race 在比赛中 6.lead n.领先地位；榜样 →lead vt.领导；带领；导致；引导 →leader n.领导者 7.challenge vt.&n.挑战 →challenging adj.挑战性的 8.chief adj.主要的，首要的 9.high-speed adj.高速的 ◆high-speed network 高速网络 10.connect vt.连接 →connection n.联系；关联；连接 →connecting adj.连接着的；起连接作用的 →connected adj.相连的；连接的 11.miss [C] n.错误，过失 →miss v.错过，未赶上；想念 →Miss n.小姐，女士 →missing adj.失踪的；缺少的 12.attention n.注意，专心 ◆pay attention to注意 13.standard n.标准 ◆up to standard 达到标准 14.carelessness [U] n.粗心 →careless adj.粗心的；大意的 →(反义词)careful adj.仔细的；认真的；细心的；小心的 →carefully adv.仔细地；认真地→careless adj.粗心的；疏忽的 →carelessly adv.粗心地；不注意地；大意地 →care v.在乎；注意 →care n.关爱 15.respect v.尊敬，尊重 重点短语 1.be happy with = be satisfied with 对……满意 2. a born artist 一名天生的艺术家 3.impress...with... 给……留下……印象 4.win high praise 赢得高度赞扬 5.search for 搜寻 7.give up 放弃 8.work with numbers 跟数字打交道 9.day after day 日复一日；一天天地 10.either...or .... 不是……就是……,或者……或者…… 11. take the lead 处于领先地位 12. fall behind 落后 13.take on new challenges 迎接新的挑战 14.connect to/with 与……相连，连接 15.as good as 和……几乎一样，简直是；和……一样好； 16.can't afford to make mistakes 承担不起犯错误(所造成的结果) 17.pay attention to(doing)sth. 注意(做)某事 18.work to high standards 高标准要求工作/工作高标准/按照高标准工作 19.can't...too... 无论怎样……也不过分 20.not only...but also... …不但……而且…… 21.be willing to do sth. 愿意做某事 22.do operations/an operation on sb. = operate on sb. 给某人做手术 23.devote ...to(doing)sth. 把……奉献给(做)某事 24.be suitable for 适合…… 重点句型 1. It makes them feel good to share things with others.和别人分享让他们感觉很好。 2. She keeps all her things in good order,她使得所有的东西井然有序。 3. Neither my parents nor I think I can make a good accountant. 我和我父母都不认为我能成为一名优秀的会计。 4. It's terrible for me to work without speaking all day long. 对我来说,整天工作不说话太可怕了。 5. His sculptures for Sunshine Town Square have won high praise from the art community. 他给阳光镇广场做的雕塑赢得了艺术协会的高度赞扬。 6. Life is like a race. You either take the lead or fall behind. 人生就像一场赛跑。你要么领先要么落后。 7. To us, a miss is as good as a mile.对我们来说,失之毫厘,谬以千里。 8. All of us know that it's necessary to pay attention to every detail. 我们所有人都知道注意每个细节的必要性。 9. She has devoted most of her time to her work.她把她大部分的时间都奉献给了工作。 10. They appear in a fixed order and the cycle repeats every 12 years. 它们按照固定的顺序,每12年循环一次。 11. It is said that people born in the Year of the Tiger are brave. 据说出生在虎年的人很勇敢。 12. He is not afraid of making a speech in front of many people。 他不害怕在许多人面前做演讲。 13. We hope that you agree with us.我们希望你能同意我们。 语法 并列连词 写作 介绍人物的说明文 要点14 neither (1) neither作数量词，常与of连用，表示（两者）都不，其后谓语动词用单数。 我的父母都不在家。Neither of my parents is at home. (2) neither作代词，（两者）都不 你喜欢这个红T恤还是黑色的？ 两个都不喜欢，我喜欢白色的。 --- Would you like the red shirt or the black one? --- Neither, I’d like the white one. (3) neither 作限定词，（两者）都不，与名词单数连用 两个答案都不对。Neither answer is right. (4) neither 用作连词 neither … nor … “既不……也不…… ” 这个房间既不大也不亮。 The room is neither big nor bright. 你和我都不对。 Neither you nor I am right. neither … nor …做主语时，就近一致原则 also, too, either, neither的用法 1. also 是比较正式的用语，语气较庄重。它通常放在句中，位于行为动词之前，连系动词之后; 如有助动词或情态动词，一般放在助动词或情态动词之后。 Peter also has two brothers. 彼得也有两个兄弟。 I am also a student. 我也是一名学生。 2. too 是普通用词，多用于口语，语气较随便。一般用在肯定 句中，放在句末。 I’m in Row 1, too. 我也在第一排。 3. either 表示“也”时，一般只用于否定句，且置于句末。 If you don’t go there, he won’t go there, either. 如果你不去那儿，他也不会去那儿。 4. neither 表示“两个都不”，它作主语时，谓语动词常用单数 Neither of you can do it. 你们两个都不能做这件事。 辨析neither...nor...；both…and…；either…or… 这三个词组都可用作连词，但搭配和意义各不相同。总的说来，要注意它们应连接两个平行对等的句子成分(即同为两个主语、谓语、宾语、状语等)。 （1）both…and…表示两者兼有。例如： She was both tired and hungry. 她又累又饿。 He speaks both English and French. 他既说英语又说法语。 （2）either…or…表示两者或两种可能性中任择其一。例如： He must be either mad or drunk. 他不是疯了就是醉了。 （3）not only…..but also ★not only … but also连接两个分句时，not only可用于句首，第一个从句主谓要倒装。 Not only is he clever, but also he is hard working. 【注意】 以上连词连接主语时，both…and…一般只与复数谓语连用，either…or…和neither…nor…则通常根据就近原则，要求谓语动词与最邻近主语的人称、数保持一致。例如： Either you or I am wrong. 不是你错就是我错。 Neither he nor she was at home. 他和她都不在家。 Both New York and London have traffic problems. 纽约和伦敦都存在交通问题。 【经典练】 1. —Would you like some crisps or a piece of chocolate cake, Judy? —________. I never have anything before going to bed. A. None B. Neither C. Both D. Either 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——朱迪，你想要一些薯片还是一块巧克力蛋糕？——两个都不要。我睡觉前从来不吃任何东西。 考查不定代词辨析。None三者或三者以上一个也没有；Neither表两者都不；Both用于两者都；Either指两者中任何一个。根据下文“I never have anything before going to bed.”可知，薯片或巧克力蛋糕这两种食物都不吃，故选B。 2. —Which do you like better, bananas or pears? —________. I want apples. Remember, one apple a day keeps the doctor away. A. Both B. Neither C. Either D. None 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——香蕉和梨，你更喜欢哪一个？ ——都不喜欢。我想要苹果。记住，一天一苹果，医生远离我。 考查不定代词辨析。Both两者都；Neither两者都不；Either两者中的任何一个；None三者或以上都不。根据“I want apples.”可知，既不喜欢香蕉也不喜欢梨子，只想要苹果。故选B。 3. Lin Tao doesn’t like running. Jim doesn’t, ________. A. either B. too C. also D. neither 【答案】A 【解析】句意：林涛不喜欢跑步。吉姆也不喜欢。 考查副词辨析。either也，用于否定句末；too也，用于肯定句末；also也，用于肯定句中；neither也不。根据“Jim doesn’t,”可知，此处指吉姆也不喜欢跑步，否定句末用either。故选A。 4.—To go abroad or not to go after graduation, it’s a question. —You may take ________ of the roads. But being home in the end matters. A．neither B．either C．both D．none 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——毕业后出国还是不出国，这是个问题。——你可以走这两条路中的任何一条。但最终能回家还是很重要的。 考查代词辨析。neither两者都不；either两者中的任何一个；both两者都；none三者或三者以上都不。根据“But being home in the end matters.”可知，此处是指走哪条路都可以，用either表示“两者中的任何一个”。故选B。 5 Lingling and Lucy not only do well in English but also study hard. We hope ________ of them can be a member of the English Club. A. neither B. both C. all D. none 【答案】B 【解析】句意：玲玲和露西不仅英语学得好而且学习也很努力。我们希望他们两个都能成为英语俱乐部的一员。 考查代词辨析。neither两者都不；both两者都；all所有；none没有一个。根据“Lingling and Lucy not only do well in English but also study hard.”可知，玲玲和露西都很优秀，所以我们希望二人都能加入英语俱乐部。故选B。 6. Mike doesn’t know French. And ________. A. so do I B. so am I C. neither do I D. neither am I 【答案】C 【解析】句意：Mike不知道法语。并且我也不知道。 考查so和neither引导倒装句的辨析。so+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语，表示“也”，即表示和上句表达的肯定内容是一样的情况；neither+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语，表示“也不”，即表示和上句表达的否定内容是一样的情况。根据“Mike doesn’t know French.”可知此处应表达“也不”，而由“doesn’t”可知此处应用助动词，故选C。 7. —Will you go to Peter’s party this Saturday evening? —I haven’t decided yet. If you don’t go, ________. A. so do I B. neither do I C. so will I D. neither will I 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——这个星期六晚上你会去彼得的聚会吗？——我还没决定。如果你不去，我也不去。 考查倒装句。so/neither/nor 表示前面所说的情况也适合于后者时，用“so/neither/nor + be/助动词/情态动词+主语”这样的倒装句式。“so+ be/助动词/情态动词+主语”表示前句所述的肯定情况也适用于另外一个人或物，如果前面的陈述句是否定形式，这一结构的否定式是“neither/nor+ be/助动词/情态动词+主语”。根据上文“I haven’t decided yet. If you don’t go”可知，前面所说的情况也适用于后者，即“我也不去”需用neither的倒装结构，可排除AC两项；结合if条件句遵循主将从现，助动词需用will，故选D。 8. —Which show do you prefer, Running Man or The Reader? —The Reader, of course. ________ I ________ my brother likes it. A. Both; and B. Neither; nor C. Either; or D. Not only; but also 【答案】D　 【解析】 both...and……和……都；neither...nor既不……也不；either...or或者……或者；not only...but also不但……而且。根据句意推断A和D项都符合句意，both...and连接并列主语时，谓语动词用复数；not only...but also连接并列主语时，谓语动词形式遵循“就近原则”，根据句中likes推断选D。 9.—How do you like the two pairs of shoes? —They don't fit me. They are ________too big ________too small. A. not only…but also… B. neither…nor… C. either…or… D. prefer…to… 【答案】C 【解析】句意： ——你认为这两双鞋怎样？——他们不适合我。他们要么太大要么太小。 考查并列连词。not only…but also不但……而且；neither…nor 既不……也不；either…or或者……或者；prefer…to…比起……更喜欢……。根据回答“They don’t fit me.”可知，它们不适合我，因此“或者太大了，或者太小”符合语境。故选C。 10. He speaks _________English _______French. Instead, he speaks German. A. either; or B. not only ; but also C. both; and D. neither; nor 【答案】D 【解析】试题分析：句意:他既不说英语也不说法语，相反地，他说德语。neither …nor 既不……也不……；not only…but also…不仅……而且……；both…and………和……两者都；either…or 或者……或者……。根据句意可知，他说的是德语，不是英语，也不是法语。故选D。 【写作佳句】 你的新发型很适合你。它既不太短也不太长。 Your new haircut suits you very well. It’s neither too short nor too long. 考点2 praise 1) praise词性及物动词，词义“表扬；赞扬”，后面直接跟表示人或物的名词或代词做宾语。 常用结构： praise sb. for (doing) sth “因(做)某事而赞扬某人” be praised for... 表示“因...而受到表扬” He was praised for helping an old man. 他因帮助了一位老人而受到表扬。 【典例分析】 1.Emily was glad that she _________ for her honesty at that meeting. A.praises B.praise C.is praised D.was praised 【答案】D 　 【解析】“被表扬，称赞。”答案选D 2.All my family members think people should 　 　doctors and nurses for their contributions.  A. promise B. praise C. present D. prepare 【答案】B　 【解析】考查动词辨析。句意: 我全家都认为人们应当赞扬医生和护士所做的贡献。promise意为“许诺”;praise意为“表扬”;present意为“展现”;prepare意为“准备”。故选B。 【写作佳句】 —I have nothing but praise for the police because they often help people out of trouble. 我对警察只有赞扬，因为他们经常帮助人们摆脱困境。 要点3 depend 1)depend v.视……而定；决定(于) Whether we start or not depends on the weather. 我们是否开始取决于天气。 2)常用短语depend on意为“依靠”，后接名词或代词，它的主语可以是人也可以是物，但含义不同。 人＋depend(s) on(依靠)；物＋depend(s) on(视……而定)。 The old man depends on his son. 那位老人依靠他的儿子。 Our plan depends on time. 我们的计划取决于时间。 拓展 that depends＝it all depends 那得看情况 independence (u) 独立 --- dependence 依靠 independent adj. 独立的 ---dependent 依靠的 independently adv.独立地 ---dependently 依赖地 【典例分析】 1. —Shall we go for a picnic tomorrow? —Well, it all the weather. A. gets on B. puts on C. tries on D. depends on 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——我们明天去野餐好吗？——哦，这得看天气。A. gets on上车；B. puts on穿上；C. tries on试穿；D. depends on取决于。结合本题语境可知，D选项符合题意，故答案选D。 2. —How can you be ________ without needing help or advice from other people. —I believe myself I’m able to do things alone in my own way. A. independent B. strong C. necessary D. different 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——如果不需要别人的帮助或建议，你怎么能独立呢？——我相信我自己，我可以用自己的方式独自完成事情。 考查形容词辨析。independent独立的；strong强壮的；necessary有必要的；different不同的。根据“I believe myself I’m able to do things alone in my own way.”可知，此处表达的是“独立”。故选A。 【写作佳句】 —Teenagers these days depend on their parents too much.——现在的青少年太依赖父母了。 考点4 order My cousin always keeps all her things in her bedroom in good order.我的堂妹总是使她卧室的所有东西井然有序。 【精讲】keep in good order 使保持井然有序 【拓展】order 作为动词的用法 ①命令 order sb to do sth ②点餐 I’d like to order a hamburger and a glass of milk for breakfast. ③订购 I’ve ordered a suit for you. 【经典练】 一、写出下列画线单词的词性及汉语意思。 1.The police ordered them to wait right there. 【答案】动词，命令。 2.I have ordered two copies of that book. 【答案】动词。订购。 3.He ordered a cup of coffee 【答案】动词。订购，点（菜） 4.He got up early in order to catch the early bus. 【答案】为了做某事。 5.You can order those books on the Internet very quickly. 【答案】order 订购之意，动词。你可以很快在网上订购这些书。 6.The boss placed an order for 100 trucks. 【答案】order 名词 订单。 place an order 下订单。固定搭配。老板下了100卡车的订单。 7.I am so hungry, could you take my order now, waitress? 【答案】take one’s order 点菜。order 菜单。 【写作佳句】 他总是将他的物品收拾得井然有序。 He always keep his things in good order. 考点5 shows off炫耀 Daniel is modest and never shows off .Daniel很谦虚，从不炫耀。 【精讲】show既可以做名词也可以做动词。 show sb around a place 带领某人参观某地 show up 出现，露面 on show 在展览中 —Who’s the most modest boy in your class? 【经典练】 1．—More and more people love ________ how rich they are on TikTok (抖音). —It’s not a good habit. A．giving off B．putting off C．turning off D．showing off 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——越来越多的人喜欢在抖音上炫耀自己多有钱。——这不是一个好习惯。考查动词短语。giving off释放；putting off延迟；turning off关掉；showing off炫耀。根据“how rich they are on TikTok”可知，此处指的是“炫耀”自己多有钱。故选D。 【写作佳句】 —Many people love to show off their riches on Tik Tok (抖音) nowadays. ——如今，许多人喜欢在抖音上炫耀自己的财富。 要点6 enough （1）enough是形容词，意为“充足的，充分的，足够的”，可作表语或定语，作定语时，可放在名词的前面或后面。例如： The food is enough for the trip. 用于这次旅行的食物足够了。 I have enough time to watch TV. 我有足够的时间看电视。 （2）enough还可作副词，意为“足够地”，这时enough需放在所修饰的形容词或副词后面。例如： The young man is strong enough to carry the heavy bag. 那个年轻人足够强壮能搬动重包。 【拓展】 （1）enough…to do sth. “有足够的……做某事”。例如： I don’t have enough time to eat lunch. 我没有足够的时间吃午饭。 （2）…enough to do…可以同too…to…或so…that…结构互相转换。例如： He isn’t old enough to go to school. = He is too young to go to school. = He is so young that he can’t go to school. 他太小而不能上学。 【典例分析】 1.—Did you get the present? —No, I got there           but there weren't           . A. enough early; enough presents B. early enough; enough presents C. early enough; presents enough D. enough early; presents enough 【点拨】B 句意：——你得到礼品了吗？——没有，我到的足够早，但是没有足够的礼品了。形容词或者副词+enough足够……，固定搭配，early是副词，所以用early enough，排除A、D。enough+名词，固定搭配，presents是名词，所以用enough presents，故选B。 2.As teenagers, we are ______to help with housework. We can help wash the dishes and wash our clothes. A. enough young                B. enough old                C. old enough                D. young enough 【点拨】C句意： 作为青少年，我们足够大了可以帮助做家务。我们可以帮忙洗碗和洗衣服。enough修饰形容词，位于形容词后，故排除A和B选项，根据 We can help wash the dishes and wash our clothes，可知能帮助做家务是年龄足够大了，old，年老的，故选C。 【写作佳句】 他年龄够大能上学。 He is old enough to go to school. =He is so old that he can go to school. 考点7 come up with 想出 It’s difficult for them to come up with a new way in such a short time.他们很难在这么短的时间内想出一个新的方法。 【精讲】come up with 想出 He can not come up with any ideas to deal with the problem. 【拓展】与come相关的短语 come out  出来，出现，出版，发表 come on 来吧，加油，得了吧 come true  实现，达到，成为现实 come about  发生，产生，出现 【经典练】 1．—It’ s too noisy outside. I can’ t fall asleep. —Neither can I. We have to ________ new ways to solve the problem. A．come up with B．end up with C．keep up with 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——外面太吵了。我睡不着。——我也不能。我们必须想出新的办法来解决这个问题。考查动词短语。come up with想出；end up with以……结束；keep up with赶上。根据“new ways to solve the problem”可知，此处表示想出解决问题的新方法，故选A。 【写作佳句】 He is so smart that he can always come up with bright ideas.他很聪明，总能想出好主意。 考点8 eat up 吃光 【精讲】类似短语 use up 用光 burn up 烧光 drink up 喝光 【经典练】 1．—It’s a good habit to save food. —I agree, so I always ________ the food on my plate. A．eat away B．eat up C．put away D．put up 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——节约食物是个好习惯。——我同意，所以我总是把盘子里的食物吃光。考查动词短语。eat away侵蚀；eat up吃光；put away放好；put up张贴，挂起。根据“It’s a good habit to save food.”和“I agree”可知，我总是吃光我盘子里的食物。故选B。 【写作佳句】 I always eat up the food I order.我总是吃光我点的食物。 考点9 impression n. 印象 Amy has impressed us with her wonderful speech. Amy精彩的演讲已给我们留下深刻的印象。 【精讲】 impression n. 印象 impress sb with sth = impress sth on sb 某物给某人留下印象 be impressed by 被......所感动； 被......给予深刻印象 It didn't impress me as a good place to live. 那地方没有给我留下适合居住的印象。 That idea seemed to impress Colin.  那个主意似乎打动了科林。 【经典练】 1．Paul wore a suit to his job interview so that he would make a good ________. A．impression B．decision C．suggestion D．instruction 【答案】A 【详解】句意：保罗穿着西装去面试，以便给人留下好印象。考查名词辨析。impression印象；decision决定；suggestion建议；instruction说明。根据“Paul wore a suit to his job interview so that he would make a good”可知，面试时穿着得体是为了留下好印象，故选A。 【写作佳句】 Liu Cixin, a science fiction writer, has impressed the world with his imaginative works, such as The Wandering Earth series and Three Bodies. 刘慈欣是一位科幻作家，他的富有想象力的作品给世界留下了深刻的印象，如《流浪地球》系列和《三体》。 要点10 give up give up意为“放弃”，give up doing sth.意为“放弃做某事”，give up后若跟动词，只能跟动名词。 【典例分析】 1．—Song Joongki is a movie star in Asia now. —That's true. He was once an excellent skater but had to ________ skating because of an accident. A. give up　　　 B. set up C. take up D. put up 【答案】考查短语辨异。A. give up放弃　B. set up建起 C. take up 从事，开始做某事 D. put up 建起，搭建，举起。句意：宋中基现在是亚洲的电影明星。-那是真的。他曾经是一名优秀的滑冰运动员，但由于一次事故而不得不放弃滑冰。根据题意选择A。 【写作佳句】 think he should be responsible and never give up 我认为他应该负责任，永不放弃。 考点11 energetic 【用法详解】 energetic adj. 精力充沛的；积极的；有力的 energy n. 精力；能量 energetically adv. 积极地；精力充沛地 He was hardworking and energetic.  他很努力且精力充沛。 I think I'd prefer something a little less energetic.  我想我更喜欢不太剧烈的活动。 【经典练】 1．Though my grandfather is 90 years old, he is ________ enough to take a walk every morning. A．creative B．energetic C．patient D．curious 【答案】B 【详解】句意：虽然我爷爷已经90岁了，但他仍然精力充沛，每天早上都去散步。考查形容词词义辨析。creative有创造力的；energetic 精力充沛的；patient有耐心的；curious好奇的。根据“Though my grandfather is 90 years old”可知，尽管90岁了，但仍然精力充沛，故选B。 【写作佳句】 Fred is always energetic because he often does something good for his health outdoors. 弗雷德总是很有活力，因为他经常在户外做一些对他健康有好处的事。 要点12 lead的用法 （1）作为及物动词，意为“领导；率领；（过）某种生活”。 常用于以下表达中： ①lead sb.to do sth.，意为“带领某人去做某事”。 Our coach led us to beat Class 1 in the basketball match. 我们教练带领我们在篮球赛中击败了一班。 ②lead sb. against ...，意为“带领某人对抗……”。 He led a group of people against the enemy. 他率领一群人和敌人对抗。 ③lead a happy life,意为“过上幸福的生活”。 The young couple led a happy life from then on. 从那时起，这对年轻的夫妇过上了幸福的生活。 （2）作为不及物动词，意为“通向”，常用于lead to sp.,意为“通往某地”。 All roads lead to Rome.条条大道通罗马。 【典例分析】 1.我的父亲引导我帮助处在困境中的人。 My father_________ me __________ people in trouble. 【答案】leads to help. lead sb.to do sth.，意为“带领某人去做某事” 2.这条路通向旅馆。 This road _____________ the hotel. 【答案】leads to lead to 意为“通向” 3. 他的勤奋导致他的成功。 His hard work _________his success. 【答案】lead s to lead to 意为“导致” 4.在下一届选举中谁将领导这个政党？ Who will _________the party in the next election？ 【答案】lead 5.王先生领着我们走出了森林。 Mr. Wang _______ us _____out of the forest. 【答案】led to 【写作佳句】 For the first time, the Oscar for Best Actress in a leading role was awarded to an Asian woman, Michelle Yeoh. 奥斯卡最佳女主角奖首次颁给了亚洲女性，杨紫琼。 考点13 take on 【用法详解】 take on 承担；呈现；具有；流行；接纳；雇用；穿上 She refused to take on the traditional woman's role.  她拒绝承担传统妇女的角色。 No other organization was able or willing to take on the job.  没有任何其他组织能够或愿意承担这项工作。 【拓展】take固定搭配 take up  拿起；开始从事 take effect  生效；起作用 take off  起飞；脱下；离开 take out取出；去掉 take into  考虑到；说服 take in  接受；理解；拘留；欺骗 take seriously  重视；认真对待… take away  带走，拿走，取走 【经典练】 1． After getting into high school, you will not only meet more exciting things but also ________ more challenges. A．look at B．give up C．take on D．wait for 【答案】C 【详解】句意：进入高中后，你不仅会遇到更多令人兴奋的事情，还会接受更多的挑战。 考查动词短语。look at看；give up放弃；take on承担、接受；wait for等待。根据“you will not only meet more exciting things”可知，除了遇到令人兴奋的事情，还要接受更多的挑战，空处填take on符合语境。故选C。 【写作佳句】 My cousin is creative enough to take on the new challenging task.我的表弟很有创造力，能承担这项富有挑战性的新任务。 考点14 connect v. 连接；联合；关连；链接 【用法详解】 connect v. 连接；联合；关连；链接 connection n. 连接；关系；人脉 connect.. to/with 与......连接 Click ‘Continue’ to connect to the Internet. 点击 Continue 连接到互联网。 “....railway connecting Sunshine Town to Tianjin” 此处connecting 现在分词做后置定语，修饰railway。 【经典练】 1．I was told that a new road would be built to ________ my hometown. A．compare B．correct C．complete D．connect 【答案】D 【详解】句意：有人告诉我，将修建一条新路来连接我的家乡。考查动词辨析。compare比较；correct改正；complete完成；connect连接。根据“a new road would be built”可知将修建一条新路，以及“my hometown”可知是我家乡，因此是连接。故选D。 【写作佳句】 So far, high-speed trains have connected most of the big cities in China. 到目前为止，高速列车已经连接了中国的大部分大城市。 要点15 miss miss作动词，意为“想念，思念”。例如：     I’ll miss you when you go toCanada.      你到了加拿大以后，我一定会想你。 【拓展】 (1) miss作动词还有“未击中，未抓住”的意思。例如：     I tried to hit the ball but I missed.      我努力地想击中球，但却未成功。 (2) miss还可意为“未赶上，错过”，是动词。例如：     I missed the football match on TV last night.      我错过了昨天晚上电视中的足球赛。 (3) miss与like; mind; finish; enjoy; practice; be busy; stop; can’t help; give up等词一样后接动词的-ing形式。例如：     I don’t want to miss seeing that film on television tonight.     我不想错过今晚在电视上看那部影片的机会。 【典例分析】 1.写出下列画线单词的词性及汉语意思。 (1) My pen is missing. I want to buy a new one. ___________ ____________ 【答案】missing作形容词, 意为“丢失的; 失踪的”。 (2)The boy missed his parents a lot. ___________ ___________ 【答案】miss用作及物动词, 还有“想念; 怀念”之意。 (3)He missed the 9:30 train. ___________ ___________ 【答案】错过; 漏掉 miss doing sth. 意为“错过做某事”。 (4)Please be quiet. I don’t want to miss a word of the news on the radio. ________ ________ 【答案】错过; 漏掉 miss doing sth. 意为“错过做某事”。 【写作佳句】 In order not to miss the earliest flight, my sister forced herself to get up early this morning. 为了不错过最早的航班，今天早晨我妹妹强迫自己早起。 考点16 as good as 【用法详解】 as good as 和…几乎一样，实际上等于…，简直是 A miss is as good as a mile. 失之毫厘，谬以千里。 as good as a play 很好玩的 as good as dead 处于非常危险的处境 as good as half over 最关键的一步 His career is as good as over.  他的事业差不多要完了。 The matter is as good as settled.  这事实际上可以说解决了。 【拓展】as good as 与as well as 区别 1. 都有“和......一样好”的含义，但词性不同good 是形容词，而 well 是副词。 His handwriting is as good as his sister’s. He writes as well as his sister. 2. as well as = also = and 和 ；as good as = the same as 和…几乎一样，实际上等于…，简直是 They visited some factories, hospitals as well as the school.  他们参观了这所学校，还参观了工厂和医院。 I only ever use that on special occasions so it's as good as new.  我只在特别的场合下才使用它，所以它跟新的一样。 【经典练】 1．—I bought a secondhand sofa which is ________ new at a low price. —You are so lucky. A．as long as B．as well as C．as good as D．as much as 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我以低价买了一个和新的一样好的二手沙发。——你真幸运。 考查形容词原级的比较。as long as和……一样长，只要；as well as和……一样好；as good as和……一样好；as much as和……一样多。根据“at a low price”可知，此处是指买的二手沙发和新的一样好，is后跟形容词good作表语。故选C 【写作佳句】 Though I was as good as dead after so much hard training.虽然经过如此重的训练之后，我快死了一样。 考点17 pay attention to 【用法详解】 pay attention to sth/ doing sth 注意；重视 I didn't pay attention to what she was saying.  我没有注意她在说什么。 You should pay attention to doing the experiment. 做这个实验你必须多加注意。 【拓展】 pay attention to details 注重细节; 注意细节 pay attention to everything concerned 面面俱到 pay attention to it 注意它 pay attention to safety 注意安全 【经典练】 1．—Julie, don’t talk with your classmate. Please ________ what I’m saying. —I’m sorry, Mrs. Han. A．bring out B．look forward to C．check out D．pay attention to 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——朱莉，不要和同学说话。请注意我说的话。——对不起，韩老师。 考查动词短语辨析。bring out使显现；look forward to盼望；check out结账离开（诊所、宾馆、商店）；pay attention to注意。根据“don’t talk with your classmate.”可知此处指“叫朱莉别和同学说话，注意听她讲话”。故选D。 【写作佳句】 Amy did very well in her report. She is careful enough to pay attention to every detail.艾米的报告做得很好。 她很细心，对每一个细节都很注意。 考点18 standard 教材P9 【用法详解】 standard n. （品质的）标准，水平，规格，规范 standard adj. 标准的；合规格的；公认为优秀的 He failed to reach the required standard. 他未能达到所要求的标准。 Her work is not up to standard (= of a good enough standard) . 她的工作不合格。 【拓展】 quality standard  质量标准 national standard  国家标准 living standard  生活水平，生活标准 【经典练】 1—I haven’t collected as much money as we expected for the people in need. —I think you can lower your ________ because at least you’ve tried your best. A．voice B．standard C．speed D．value 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我没有为有需要的人筹集到我们预期的那么多钱。——我认为你可以降低你的标准，因为至少你已经尽力了。考查名词辨析。voice嗓音；standard标准；speed速度；value价值。根据“I think you can lower your ...because at least you’ve tried your best.”可知表示我认为你可以降低你的……，因为至少你已经尽力了，因此是降低标准，用standard。故选B。 【写作佳句】 Great changes have taken place in China in recent years and the general living standard of the common people is improved greatly.中国近几年发生了很大的变化并且普通人的生活水平也大大的提高了。 考点19 devote 【用法详解】 devote v.  献身，专心，有志 devote to doing sth 致力于，奉献，献身于，投身于 devote oneself to  献身于，致力于，投身于，专心于 【拓展】 devotion  n. 奉献，献身，热爱，虔诚 【经典练】 1． The teachers in Xuanwu District are ________ to ________ the students’ leaning ability. A．devoted; improving B．devoting; improve C．devoting; improving D．devoted; improve 【答案】A 【详解】句意：玄武区的教师致力于提高学生的学习能力。考查形容词短语以及非谓语动词。be devoted to doing sth.“致力于做某事”，动名词作宾语。故选A。 【写作佳句】 —We should try to devote（献身于）ourselves to our country like Yuan Longping.我们应该努力像袁隆平一样为祖国奉献自己。 考点20 respect 【用法详解】 respect n. 尊敬，尊重 vt. 尊敬，尊重 respectful adj. 恭敬的；有礼貌的 I have the greatest respect for your brother.  我非常尊敬你的哥哥。  A two-minute silence was held as a mark of respect.  人们静默两分钟以示尊敬。 I respect Jack's opinion on most subjects.  在大多数事情上，我尊重杰克的意见。 【拓展】 respect oneself  自重 in respect of  关于，涉及 respect for  尊重…；对…的尊敬 【经典练】 1.—When is the World Reading Day?   —On April 23rd. It reminds us to ________ the people who makes great contributions to our world in literature. A．regard B．respect C．regret 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——世界阅读日是什么时候？——4月23日。它提醒我们尊重那些在世界文学中做出巨大贡献的人。 考查动词辨析。regard看待；respect尊重；regret后悔。根据“the people who makes great contributions to our world in literature”可知，此处表示尊敬做出巨大贡献的人。故选B。 【写作佳句】 Nobody is better worth my respect than Yuan Longping. He is the pride of China. 没有人比袁隆平更值得我尊敬。他是中国的骄傲。 一．语法精讲——并列连词 并列连词 一．and/ but /or/ so 1.and：和；而且；又；然后 1) 表示并列、顺承和递进关系，连接词性相同的单词、短语或句子。 As for grammar, English and Chinese have something in common. 相对于语法来说，英语和汉语有很多相似之处。 2) 用于“祈使句 and + will ...陈述句”结构，并列连词and 之后的陈述句表示一个较好的结果，祈使句表示一个条件，可与if引导的条件句互相转换。 Hurry up and you will catch the early bus. = If you hurry up, you will catch the early bus. 2. but 用法： (1)but 用法连词，表示让步关系，意思是“除非，要不是”，常与that一起构成but that, 相当于"if...not"。 例如：I would have failed but that your helped me.要不是你们帮助我，我就会失败 (2)but用于否定词加doubt, question, deny等到之后，没有实在意义，只相当于关系连词that. 例如： There's no doubt but he is a thief.毫无疑问，他是一个贼。 (3)but用作介词，表示“除了”意义，相当于besides, except.例如：No one knows him but she. 除了她，没有人认识她。 3． so：所以 用法 1) so表示因果关系，意为“所以，因此，于是”。类似的词：therefore。 My mother asked me to go home, so I left school early. 妈妈让我回家，因此我早早地就离开了学校。 2) so 与because 不可以同时用在一个句子里。 Mary was ill, so she did n’t go to school today. = Because Mary was ill, she did n’t go to school today. 二.both …and…/not only…but(also)…/either…or…/neither…nor… 1.not only... but (also)... 【精讲】 not only... but (also)...在句中常用来连接两个对等的成分，also可以省略。 如：She speaks Russian not only in class but (also) at home.她在课堂上和家里都说俄语。 【拓展】 not only... but (also)... 用来连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单、复数遵循“就近原则”，即和but (also)后的名词或代词的数一致。如：Not only you but also he is tired of having one examination after another.不但你，而且他也讨厌一次接一次的考试。 not only... but (also)... 连接两个分句，当not only位于句首，前一个分句常用倒装来表示强调，而but (also)后的分句仍用陈述语序。如：Not only does Miss Li like music, but (also) she likes sports. 李小姐不但喜欢音乐，而且还喜欢体育。 【注意】使用中注意两点： 1.就近。指谓语形式取决于离它近的主语。 Not only the students but also the teacher reads English every day. 2、一致。not only 与 but also后面所接的词类要一致。She can not only sing but also dance. 2.both……..and…….. 【精讲】both ... and ... ：......和......两者都；既......又...... 连接两个主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，否定结构为neither ... nor … Both her mother and she can speak English very well. 她的妈妈和她，英语讲得都很好。 3.either………or………. 或者……….或者………. 【精讲】 either ... or ... ：不是......就是......； 要么......要么......，连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数须与or后面的主语保持一致(就近原则)。 We only need one person. Either Mary or Tom is ok. 我们只需要一个人， 要么是Mary，要么是Tom都可以。 4.neither………nor……… 既不………也不……….. 【精讲】 neither ... nor ...：既不......也不......连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数须与nor后面的主语保持一致(就近原则)。Neither Mum nor Dad is at home today. 妈妈和爸爸今天都不在家。 二、单元话题写作 本单元的话题是“认识你自己”。有关该话题的写作一般是介绍人物的说明文,包括人物的外貌、性格、出生年月、主要经历、事迹成就、影响和评价等内容。在具体的写作中,学生应做到以下几点: 1.介绍具体人物时,往往都是从外貌到性格,或从其经历到创造性的贡献,最后给出总结性的评语; 2.结合本单元的Task部分,学习如何写推荐信,可以推荐他人,也可以自我推荐。 当我们为某个职位向某个组织、团体推荐他人或自己时,我们需要写推荐信。介绍人物时,人物个性的描写要鲜明,能很明确地表达出这个人良好的思想品质或性格特点,给读信人留下良好而深刻的印象。 在写作时,学生要注意条理的清晰性、内容的连贯性和语言的得体性,多使用自己熟悉的词汇和句型。 常用词汇: 1.表示外貌特征:beautiful漂亮的,fat肥胖的,good-looking好看的,handsome英俊的,pretty标致的,short矮的,strong强壮的,tall高的,thin瘦的,straight hair直发,medium height中等身高 2.表示性格特点:friendly友好的,generous慷慨的,humorous幽默的,kind友善的,lazy懒惰的,naughty淘气的,smart聪明的,warm-hearted热心的 3.表示兴趣爱好:be good at擅长,be interested in对……感兴趣,be fond of喜欢,enjoy doing sth喜欢做某事,look forward to doing sth期待做某事 4.表示评价他人:be considered as被认为,be known as以……著称,be regarded as被视为 假如你叫王华，你校将开展“最美青年”评选活动，你们班决定推选Sandy参加本次评选，你草拟了介绍 Sandy的思维导图，请根据下图用英文写一封推荐信。 要求： 1. 参考导图提示内容，可适当发挥； 2. 语句通顺，意思连贯，书写工整； 3. 文中不得出现你的任何真实信息 (姓名、校名和地名等)； 4. 词数：不少于80 词。 (开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。) Dear Sir or Madam, We are writing to recommend Sandy in our class as “The Most Beautiful Youth” in our school. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Wang Hua Dear Sir or Madam, We are writing to recommend Sandy in our class as “The Most Beautiful Youth” in our school. As the monitor in our class, Sandy often wears a smile on her face and looks very confident, who is always ready to help other students. She is interested in movies and she is good at decorating the house. Meanwhile, she has a strong sense of duty. Several months ago, after we finished the final exam, our teacher asked some volunteers to clean the classroom. She stood up immediately, and began to clean the classroom. Then it was certain that we were so touched by her unselfish behavior that almost all of my classmates began to help her to clean the classroom. Her sense of duty is the most important thing that a good monitor should have. Her motto is “Plan for the worst and hope for the best”. We think Sandy is the most suitable person for this award. We hope that you agree with us. Yours, Wang Hua 向世界传递中国文化，让世界倾听中国声音。近期，我市将面向全体学生举办“用英语讲好中国故事”的爱国主义主题展示活动。假如你是李华，想参加此次活动，请根据以下信息，向负责本次活动的英语老师Mr. Yang写一封100词左右的自荐信，表达你的个人优势以及对参加活动的期待。 要点提示： 1. Say something about yourself. 2. Why do you want to take part in the activity? 3. What do you hope to gain from the activity? 注意：1.词数100左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）； 2.短文中不得泄露个人信息. Dear Mr. Yang, I’m excited to hear that our school will hold the activity “Telling Chinese Stories in English”. I really want to take part in it. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】范文： Dear Mr. Yang, I’m excited to hear that our school will hold the activity “Telling Chinese Stories in English”. I really want to take part in it. It’s my great honor to introduce myself. I’m a boy from Class One, Grade Nine. My name is Li Hua and I’m 15 years old. I’m an outgoing boy. I have many hobbies, especially reading. I have read a lot of classics on Chinese history, so I’m familiar with Chinese history and culture. I want to take part in the activity because it is very meaningful. I can build up my culture confidence through the activity. Besides, I will feel proud that the world know more about China with my efforts. I expect that you can give me this chance to show myself and I’m looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 【详解】【总体分析】 ① 题材：本文是一篇应用文，为书信作文； ② 时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③ 提示：根据所给提示完成写作，不能遗漏信息，以第一人称为主。 【写作步骤】 第一步，介绍自己的一些情况； 第二步，介绍你为什么要参加这个活动； 第三步，最后表达你希望从这次活动中得到什么。 【亮点词汇】 ①be familiar with对……熟悉 ②take part in参加 ③look forward to期待 【高分句型】 ①I want to take part in the activity because it is very meaningful.（because引导的原因状语从句） ②Besides, I will feel proud that the world know more about China with my efforts.（that引导的宾语从句） 2 （2024·四川自贡） 学校英文报正在举办主题为“改变我的一个人”的征文活动。请你结合初中三年的经历，以“A Person Who Changes Me a Lot”为题，写一篇短文参赛。 内容包括： 1. 人物简介(外貌，性格等)； 2. 他/她改变你的事件。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 短文标题已写好。 A Person Who Changes Me a Lot ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 A Person Who Changes Me a Lot In the past three years, my English teacher Mrs Xu have played an important role in my life. She changes me a lot. She is of medium height. She always has a smile on her face. She is kind to us. When I was a seventh-grade student, I was weak in English. I was afraid of speaking English in front of the classmates. Our school held an English speech competition. She encouraged me to take part in it and gave me some advice on how to learn English well. She gave me the strength to overcome the difficulty. With her help, I finished the speech successfully and won the third place. From then on, I became interested in English and made great progress. Thank to her, I realize that I should face the difficulties bravely. As long as I work hard, I will succeed. 【详解】【总体分析】   ①题材：本文是一篇记叙文，为材料作文；   ②时态：时态为“一般现在时和一般过去时”；   ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏，适当增加细节完整表述内容。   【写作步骤】   第一步，介绍改变自己的人是谁；   第二步，介绍她对自己的影响。   【亮点词汇】   ①play a role in在……中扮演角色   ②be of medium height中等身材 ③be weak in不擅长 ④be afraid of doing sth害怕做某事 ⑤take part in参加 【高分句型】 ①She encouraged me to take part in it and gave me some advice on how to learn English well.（疑问词+动词不定式结构） ②As long as I work hard, I will succeed.（条件状语从句） 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！25 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 Know yourself Unit1 核心话题 “认识你自己” 重点词汇 1.born adj.天生的 →birth n.出生 →(近义词)natural adj.天生的 2.impress v.给.....留下印象 →impression n.印象 3.praise [U] n. 赞扬；表扬 →praise vt.称赞；表扬 4.general adj.总的；普遍的；首席的 →generally adv.通常；普遍地;一般地；大体上 →(近义词)ordinary adj.一般的；普通的 →general n.将军；上将 →generally adv.通常；普遍地；一般地 5.race n.竞赛；赛跑 →racer n.参赛者 ◆in the race 在比赛中 6.lead n.领先地位；榜样 →lead vt.领导；带领；导致；引导 →leader n.领导者 7.challenge vt.&n.挑战 →challenging adj.挑战性的 8.chief adj.主要的，首要的 9.high-speed adj.高速的 ◆high-speed network 高速网络 10.connect vt.连接 →connection n.联系；关联；连接 →connecting adj.连接着的；起连接作用的 →connected adj.相连的；连接的 11.miss [C] n.错误，过失 →miss v.错过，未赶上；想念 →Miss n.小姐，女士 →missing adj.失踪的；缺少的 12.attention n.注意，专心 ◆pay attention to注意 13.standard n.标准 ◆up to standard 达到标准 14.carelessness [U] n.粗心 →careless adj.粗心的；大意的 →(反义词)careful adj.仔细的；认真的；细心的；小心的 →carefully adv.仔细地；认真地→careless adj.粗心的；疏忽的 →carelessly adv.粗心地；不注意地；大意地 →care v.在乎；注意 →care n.关爱 15.respect v.尊敬，尊重 重点短语 1.be happy with = be satisfied with 对……满意 2. a born artist 一名天生的艺术家 3.impress...with... 给……留下……印象 4.win high praise 赢得高度赞扬 5.search for 搜寻 7.give up 放弃 8.work with numbers 跟数字打交道 9.day after day 日复一日；一天天地 10.either...or .... 不是……就是……,或者……或者…… 11. take the lead 处于领先地位 12. fall behind 落后 13.take on new challenges 迎接新的挑战 14.connect to/with 与……相连，连接 15.as good as 和……几乎一样，简直是；和……一样好； 16.can't afford to make mistakes 承担不起犯错误(所造成的结果) 17.pay attention to(doing)sth. 注意(做)某事 18.work to high standards 高标准要求工作/工作高标准/按照高标准工作 19.can't...too... 无论怎样……也不过分 20.not only...but also... …不但……而且…… 21.be willing to do sth. 愿意做某事 22.do operations/an operation on sb. = operate on sb. 给某人做手术 23.devote ...to(doing)sth. 把……奉献给(做)某事 24.be suitable for 适合…… 重点句型 1. It makes them feel good to share things with others.和别人分享让他们感觉很好。 2. She keeps all her things in good order,她使得所有的东西井然有序。 3. Neither my parents nor I think I can make a good accountant. 我和我父母都不认为我能成为一名优秀的会计。 4. It's terrible for me to work without speaking all day long. 对我来说,整天工作不说话太可怕了。 5. His sculptures for Sunshine Town Square have won high praise from the art community. 他给阳光镇广场做的雕塑赢得了艺术协会的高度赞扬。 6. Life is like a race. You either take the lead or fall behind. 人生就像一场赛跑。你要么领先要么落后。 7. To us, a miss is as good as a mile.对我们来说,失之毫厘,谬以千里。 8. All of us know that it's necessary to pay attention to every detail. 我们所有人都知道注意每个细节的必要性。 9. She has devoted most of her time to her work.她把她大部分的时间都奉献给了工作。 10. They appear in a fixed order and the cycle repeats every 12 years. 它们按照固定的顺序,每12年循环一次。 11. It is said that people born in the Year of the Tiger are brave. 据说出生在虎年的人很勇敢。 12. He is not afraid of making a speech in front of many people。 他不害怕在许多人面前做演讲。 13. We hope that you agree with us.我们希望你能同意我们。 语法 并列连词 写作 介绍人物的说明文 要点14 neither (1) neither作数量词，常与of连用，表示（两者）都不，其后谓语动词用单数。 我的父母都不在家。Neither of my parents is at home. (2) neither作代词，（两者）都不 你喜欢这个红T恤还是黑色的？ 两个都不喜欢，我喜欢白色的。 --- Would you like the red shirt or the black one? --- Neither, I’d like the white one. (3) neither 作限定词，（两者）都不，与名词单数连用 两个答案都不对。Neither answer is right. (4) neither 用作连词 neither … nor … “既不……也不…… ” 这个房间既不大也不亮。 The room is neither big nor bright. 你和我都不对。 Neither you nor I am right. neither … nor …做主语时，就近一致原则 also, too, either, neither的用法 1. also 是比较正式的用语，语气较庄重。它通常放在句中，位于行为动词之前，连系动词之后; 如有助动词或情态动词，一般放在助动词或情态动词之后。 Peter also has two brothers. 彼得也有两个兄弟。 I am also a student. 我也是一名学生。 2. too 是普通用词，多用于口语，语气较随便。一般用在肯定 句中，放在句末。 I’m in Row 1, too. 我也在第一排。 3. either 表示“也”时，一般只用于否定句，且置于句末。 If you don’t go there, he won’t go there, either. 如果你不去那儿，他也不会去那儿。 4. neither 表示“两个都不”，它作主语时，谓语动词常用单数 Neither of you can do it. 你们两个都不能做这件事。 辨析neither...nor...；both…and…；either…or… 这三个词组都可用作连词，但搭配和意义各不相同。总的说来，要注意它们应连接两个平行对等的句子成分(即同为两个主语、谓语、宾语、状语等)。 （1）both…and…表示两者兼有。例如： She was both tired and hungry. 她又累又饿。 He speaks both English and French. 他既说英语又说法语。 （2）either…or…表示两者或两种可能性中任择其一。例如： He must be either mad or drunk. 他不是疯了就是醉了。 （3）not only…..but also ★not only … but also连接两个分句时，not only可用于句首，第一个从句主谓要倒装。 Not only is he clever, but also he is hard working. 【注意】 以上连词连接主语时，both…and…一般只与复数谓语连用，either…or…和neither…nor…则通常根据就近原则，要求谓语动词与最邻近主语的人称、数保持一致。例如： Either you or I am wrong. 不是你错就是我错。 Neither he nor she was at home. 他和她都不在家。 Both New York and London have traffic problems. 纽约和伦敦都存在交通问题。 【经典练】 1. —Would you like some crisps or a piece of chocolate cake, Judy? —________. I never have anything before going to bed. A. None B. Neither C. Both D. Either 2. —Which do you like better, bananas or pears? —________. I want apples. Remember, one apple a day keeps the doctor away. A. Both B. Neither C. Either D. None 3. Lin Tao doesn’t like running. Jim doesn’t, ________. A. either B. too C. also D. neither 4.—To go abroad or not to go after graduation, it’s a question. —You may take ________ of the roads. But being home in the end matters. A．neither B．either C．both D．none 5 Lingling and Lucy not only do well in English but also study hard. We hope ________ of them can be a member of the English Club. A. neither B. both C. all D. none 6. Mike doesn’t know French. And ________. A. so do I B. so am I C. neither do I D. neither am I 7. —Will you go to Peter’s party this Saturday evening? —I haven’t decided yet. If you don’t go, ________. A. so do I B. neither do I C. so will I D. neither will I 8. —Which show do you prefer, Running Man or The Reader? —The Reader, of course. ________ I ________ my brother likes it. A. Both; and B. Neither; nor C. Either; or D. Not only; but also 9.—How do you like the two pairs of shoes? —They don't fit me. They are ________too big ________too small. A. not only…but also… B. neither…nor… C. either…or… D. prefer…to… 10. He speaks _________English _______French. Instead, he speaks German. A. either; or B. not only ; but also C. both; and D. neither; nor 【写作佳句】 你的新发型很适合你。它既不太短也不太长。 Your new haircut suits you very well. It’s neither too short nor too long. 考点2 praise 1) praise词性及物动词，词义“表扬；赞扬”，后面直接跟表示人或物的名词或代词做宾语。 常用结构： praise sb. for (doing) sth “因(做)某事而赞扬某人” be praised for... 表示“因...而受到表扬” He was praised for helping an old man. 他因帮助了一位老人而受到表扬。 【典例分析】 1.Emily was glad that she _________ for her honesty at that meeting. A.praises B.praise C.is praised D.was praised 2.All my family members think people should 　 　doctors and nurses for their contributions.  A. promise B. praise C. present D. prepare 【写作佳句】 —I have nothing but praise for the police because they often help people out of trouble. 我对警察只有赞扬，因为他们经常帮助人们摆脱困境。 要点3 depend 1)depend v.视……而定；决定(于) Whether we start or not depends on the weather. 我们是否开始取决于天气。 2)常用短语depend on意为“依靠”，后接名词或代词，它的主语可以是人也可以是物，但含义不同。 人＋depend(s) on(依靠)；物＋depend(s) on(视……而定)。 The old man depends on his son. 那位老人依靠他的儿子。 Our plan depends on time. 我们的计划取决于时间。 拓展 that depends＝it all depends 那得看情况 independence (u) 独立 --- dependence 依靠 independent adj. 独立的 ---dependent 依靠的 independently adv.独立地 ---dependently 依赖地 【典例分析】 1. —Shall we go for a picnic tomorrow? —Well, it all the weather. A. gets on B. puts on C. tries on D. depends on 2. —How can you be ________ without needing help or advice from other people. —I believe myself I’m able to do things alone in my own way. A. independent B. strong C. necessary D. different 【写作佳句】 —Teenagers these days depend on their parents too much.——现在的青少年太依赖父母了。 考点4 order My cousin always keeps all her things in her bedroom in good order.我的堂妹总是使她卧室的所有东西井然有序。 【精讲】keep in good order 使保持井然有序 【拓展】order 作为动词的用法 ①命令 order sb to do sth ②点餐 I’d like to order a hamburger and a glass of milk for breakfast. ③订购 I’ve ordered a suit for you. 【经典练】 一、写出下列画线单词的词性及汉语意思。 1.The police ordered them to wait right there. 2.I have ordered two copies of that book. 3.He ordered a cup of coffee 4.He got up early in order to catch the early bus. 5.You can order those books on the Internet very quickly. 6.The boss placed an order for 100 trucks. 7.I am so hungry, could you take my order now, waitress? 【写作佳句】 他总是将他的物品收拾得井然有序。 He always keep his things in good order. 考点5 shows off炫耀 Daniel is modest and never shows off .Daniel很谦虚，从不炫耀。 【精讲】show既可以做名词也可以做动词。 show sb around a place 带领某人参观某地 show up 出现，露面 on show 在展览中 —Who’s the most modest boy in your class? 【经典练】 1．—More and more people love ________ how rich they are on TikTok (抖音). —It’s not a good habit. A．giving off B．putting off C．turning off D．showing off 【写作佳句】 —Many people love to show off their riches on Tik Tok (抖音) nowadays. ——如今，许多人喜欢在抖音上炫耀自己的财富。 要点6 enough （1）enough是形容词，意为“充足的，充分的，足够的”，可作表语或定语，作定语时，可放在名词的前面或后面。例如： The food is enough for the trip. 用于这次旅行的食物足够了。 I have enough time to watch TV. 我有足够的时间看电视。 （2）enough还可作副词，意为“足够地”，这时enough需放在所修饰的形容词或副词后面。例如： The young man is strong enough to carry the heavy bag. 那个年轻人足够强壮能搬动重包。 【拓展】 （1）enough…to do sth. “有足够的……做某事”。例如： I don’t have enough time to eat lunch. 我没有足够的时间吃午饭。 （2）…enough to do…可以同too…to…或so…that…结构互相转换。例如： He isn’t old enough to go to school. = He is too young to go to school. = He is so young that he can’t go to school. 他太小而不能上学。 【典例分析】 1.—Did you get the present? —No, I got there           but there weren't           . A. enough early; enough presents B. early enough; enough presents C. early enough; presents enough D. enough early; presents enough 2.As teenagers, we are ______to help with housework. We can help wash the dishes and wash our clothes. A. enough young                B. enough old                C. old enough                D. young enough 【写作佳句】 他年龄够大能上学。 He is old enough to go to school. =He is so old that he can go to school. 考点7 come up with 想出 It’s difficult for them to come up with a new way in such a short time.他们很难在这么短的时间内想出一个新的方法。 【精讲】come up with 想出 He can not come up with any ideas to deal with the problem. 【拓展】与come相关的短语 come out  出来，出现，出版，发表 come on 来吧，加油，得了吧 come true  实现，达到，成为现实 come about  发生，产生，出现 【经典练】 1．—It’ s too noisy outside. I can’ t fall asleep. —Neither can I. We have to ________ new ways to solve the problem. A．come up with B．end up with C．keep up with 【写作佳句】 He is so smart that he can always come up with bright ideas.他很聪明，总能想出好主意。 考点8 eat up 吃光 【精讲】类似短语 use up 用光 burn up 烧光 drink up 喝光 【经典练】 1．—It’s a good habit to save food. —I agree, so I always ________ the food on my plate. A．eat away B．eat up C．put away D．put up 【写作佳句】 I always eat up the food I order.我总是吃光我点的食物。 考点9 impression n. 印象 Amy has impressed us with her wonderful speech. Amy精彩的演讲已给我们留下深刻的印象。 【精讲】 impression n. 印象 impress sb with sth = impress sth on sb 某物给某人留下印象 be impressed by 被......所感动； 被......给予深刻印象 It didn't impress me as a good place to live. 那地方没有给我留下适合居住的印象。 That idea seemed to impress Colin.  那个主意似乎打动了科林。 【经典练】 1．Paul wore a suit to his job interview so that he would make a good ________. A．impression B．decision C．suggestion D．instruction 【写作佳句】 Liu Cixin, a science fiction writer, has impressed the world with his imaginative works, such as The Wandering Earth series and Three Bodies. 刘慈欣是一位科幻作家，他的富有想象力的作品给世界留下了深刻的印象，如《流浪地球》系列和《三体》。 要点10 give up give up意为“放弃”，give up doing sth.意为“放弃做某事”，give up后若跟动词，只能跟动名词。 【典例分析】 1．—Song Joongki is a movie star in Asia now. —That's true. He was once an excellent skater but had to ________ skating because of an accident. A. give up　　　 B. set up C. take up D. put up 【写作佳句】 think he should be responsible and never give up 我认为他应该负责任，永不放弃。 考点11 energetic 【用法详解】 energetic adj. 精力充沛的；积极的；有力的 energy n. 精力；能量 energetically adv. 积极地；精力充沛地 He was hardworking and energetic.  他很努力且精力充沛。 I think I'd prefer something a little less energetic.  我想我更喜欢不太剧烈的活动。 【经典练】 1．Though my grandfather is 90 years old, he is ________ enough to take a walk every morning. A．creative B．energetic C．patient D．curious 【写作佳句】 Fred is always energetic because he often does something good for his health outdoors. 弗雷德总是很有活力，因为他经常在户外做一些对他健康有好处的事。 要点12 lead的用法 （1）作为及物动词，意为“领导；率领；（过）某种生活”。 常用于以下表达中： ①lead sb.to do sth.，意为“带领某人去做某事”。 Our coach led us to beat Class 1 in the basketball match. 我们教练带领我们在篮球赛中击败了一班。 ②lead sb. against ...，意为“带领某人对抗……”。 He led a group of people against the enemy. 他率领一群人和敌人对抗。 ③lead a happy life,意为“过上幸福的生活”。 The young couple led a happy life from then on. 从那时起，这对年轻的夫妇过上了幸福的生活。 （2）作为不及物动词，意为“通向”，常用于lead to sp.,意为“通往某地”。 All roads lead to Rome.条条大道通罗马。 【典例分析】 1.我的父亲引导我帮助处在困境中的人。 My father_________ me __________ people in trouble. 2.这条路通向旅馆。 This road _____________ the hotel. 3. 他的勤奋导致他的成功。 His hard work _________his success. 4.在下一届选举中谁将领导这个政党？ Who will _________the party in the next election？ 5.王先生领着我们走出了森林。 Mr. Wang _______ us _____out of the forest. 【写作佳句】 For the first time, the Oscar for Best Actress in a leading role was awarded to an Asian woman, Michelle Yeoh. 奥斯卡最佳女主角奖首次颁给了亚洲女性，杨紫琼。 考点13 take on 【用法详解】 take on 承担；呈现；具有；流行；接纳；雇用；穿上 She refused to take on the traditional woman's role.  她拒绝承担传统妇女的角色。 No other organization was able or willing to take on the job.  没有任何其他组织能够或愿意承担这项工作。 【拓展】take固定搭配 take up  拿起；开始从事 take effect  生效；起作用 take off  起飞；脱下；离开 take out取出；去掉 take into  考虑到；说服 take in  接受；理解；拘留；欺骗 take seriously  重视；认真对待… take away  带走，拿走，取走 【经典练】 1． After getting into high school, you will not only meet more exciting things but also ________ more challenges. A．look at B．give up C．take on D．wait for 【写作佳句】 My cousin is creative enough to take on the new challenging task.我的表弟很有创造力，能承担这项富有挑战性的新任务。 考点14 connect v. 连接；联合；关连；链接 【用法详解】 connect v. 连接；联合；关连；链接 connection n. 连接；关系；人脉 connect.. to/with 与......连接 Click ‘Continue’ to connect to the Internet. 点击 Continue 连接到互联网。 “....railway connecting Sunshine Town to Tianjin” 此处connecting 现在分词做后置定语，修饰railway。 【经典练】 1．I was told that a new road would be built to ________ my hometown. A．compare B．correct C．complete D．connect 【写作佳句】 So far, high-speed trains have connected most of the big cities in China. 到目前为止，高速列车已经连接了中国的大部分大城市。 要点15 miss miss作动词，意为“想念，思念”。例如：     I’ll miss you when you go toCanada.      你到了加拿大以后，我一定会想你。 【拓展】 (1) miss作动词还有“未击中，未抓住”的意思。例如：     I tried to hit the ball but I missed.      我努力地想击中球，但却未成功。 (2) miss还可意为“未赶上，错过”，是动词。例如：     I missed the football match on TV last night.      我错过了昨天晚上电视中的足球赛。 (3) miss与like; mind; finish; enjoy; practice; be busy; stop; can’t help; give up等词一样后接动词的-ing形式。例如：     I don’t want to miss seeing that film on television tonight.     我不想错过今晚在电视上看那部影片的机会。 【典例分析】 1.写出下列画线单词的词性及汉语意思。 (1) My pen is missing. I want to buy a new one. ___________ ____________ (2)The boy missed his parents a lot. ___________ ___________ (3)He missed the 9:30 train. ___________ ___________ (4)Please be quiet. I don’t want to miss a word of the news on the radio. ________ ________ 【写作佳句】 In order not to miss the earliest flight, my sister forced herself to get up early this morning. 为了不错过最早的航班，今天早晨我妹妹强迫自己早起。 考点16 as good as 【用法详解】 as good as 和…几乎一样，实际上等于…，简直是 A miss is as good as a mile. 失之毫厘，谬以千里。 as good as a play 很好玩的 as good as dead 处于非常危险的处境 as good as half over 最关键的一步 His career is as good as over.  他的事业差不多要完了。 The matter is as good as settled.  这事实际上可以说解决了。 【拓展】as good as 与as well as 区别 1. 都有“和......一样好”的含义，但词性不同good 是形容词，而 well 是副词。 His handwriting is as good as his sister’s. He writes as well as his sister. 2. as well as = also = and 和 ；as good as = the same as 和…几乎一样，实际上等于…，简直是 They visited some factories, hospitals as well as the school.  他们参观了这所学校，还参观了工厂和医院。 I only ever use that on special occasions so it's as good as new.  我只在特别的场合下才使用它，所以它跟新的一样。 【经典练】 1．—I bought a secondhand sofa which is ________ new at a low price. —You are so lucky. A．as long as B．as well as C．as good as D．as much as 【写作佳句】 Though I was as good as dead after so much hard training.虽然经过如此重的训练之后，我快死了一样。 考点17 pay attention to 【用法详解】 pay attention to sth/ doing sth 注意；重视 I didn't pay attention to what she was saying.  我没有注意她在说什么。 You should pay attention to doing the experiment. 做这个实验你必须多加注意。 【拓展】 pay attention to details 注重细节; 注意细节 pay attention to everything concerned 面面俱到 pay attention to it 注意它 pay attention to safety 注意安全 【经典练】 1．—Julie, don’t talk with your classmate. Please ________ what I’m saying. —I’m sorry, Mrs. Han. A．bring out B．look forward to C．check out D．pay attention to 【写作佳句】 Amy did very well in her report. She is careful enough to pay attention to every detail.艾米的报告做得很好。 她很细心，对每一个细节都很注意。 考点18 standard 教材P9 【用法详解】 standard n. （品质的）标准，水平，规格，规范 standard adj. 标准的；合规格的；公认为优秀的 He failed to reach the required standard. 他未能达到所要求的标准。 Her work is not up to standard (= of a good enough standard) . 她的工作不合格。 【拓展】 quality standard  质量标准 national standard  国家标准 living standard  生活水平，生活标准 【经典练】 1—I haven’t collected as much money as we expected for the people in need. —I think you can lower your ________ because at least you’ve tried your best. A．voice B．standard C．speed D．value 【写作佳句】 Great changes have taken place in China in recent years and the general living standard of the common people is improved greatly.中国近几年发生了很大的变化并且普通人的生活水平也大大的提高了。 考点19 devote 【用法详解】 devote v.  献身，专心，有志 devote to doing sth 致力于，奉献，献身于，投身于 devote oneself to  献身于，致力于，投身于，专心于 【拓展】 devotion  n. 奉献，献身，热爱，虔诚 【经典练】 1． The teachers in Xuanwu District are ________ to ________ the students’ leaning ability. A．devoted; improving B．devoting; improve C．devoting; improving D．devoted; improve 【写作佳句】 —We should try to devote（献身于）ourselves to our country like Yuan Longping.我们应该努力像袁隆平一样为祖国奉献自己。 考点20 respect 【用法详解】 respect n. 尊敬，尊重 vt. 尊敬，尊重 respectful adj. 恭敬的；有礼貌的 I have the greatest respect for your brother.  我非常尊敬你的哥哥。  A two-minute silence was held as a mark of respect.  人们静默两分钟以示尊敬。 I respect Jack's opinion on most subjects.  在大多数事情上，我尊重杰克的意见。 【拓展】 respect oneself  自重 in respect of  关于，涉及 respect for  尊重…；对…的尊敬 【经典练】 1.—When is the World Reading Day?   —On April 23rd. It reminds us to ________ the people who makes great contributions to our world in literature. A．regard B．respect C．regret 【写作佳句】 Nobody is better worth my respect than Yuan Longping. He is the pride of China. 没有人比袁隆平更值得我尊敬。他是中国的骄傲。 一．语法精讲——并列连词 并列连词 一．and/ but /or/ so 1.and：和；而且；又；然后 1) 表示并列、顺承和递进关系，连接词性相同的单词、短语或句子。 As for grammar, English and Chinese have something in common. 相对于语法来说，英语和汉语有很多相似之处。 2) 用于“祈使句 and + will ...陈述句”结构，并列连词and 之后的陈述句表示一个较好的结果，祈使句表示一个条件，可与if引导的条件句互相转换。 Hurry up and you will catch the early bus. = If you hurry up, you will catch the early bus. 2. but 用法： (1)but 用法连词，表示让步关系，意思是“除非，要不是”，常与that一起构成but that, 相当于"if...not"。 例如：I would have failed but that your helped me.要不是你们帮助我，我就会失败 (2)but用于否定词加doubt, question, deny等到之后，没有实在意义，只相当于关系连词that. 例如： There's no doubt but he is a thief.毫无疑问，他是一个贼。 (3)but用作介词，表示“除了”意义，相当于besides, except.例如：No one knows him but she. 除了她，没有人认识她。 3． so：所以 用法 1) so表示因果关系，意为“所以，因此，于是”。类似的词：therefore。 My mother asked me to go home, so I left school early. 妈妈让我回家，因此我早早地就离开了学校。 2) so 与because 不可以同时用在一个句子里。 Mary was ill, so she did n’t go to school today. = Because Mary was ill, she did n’t go to school today. 二.both …and…/not only…but(also)…/either…or…/neither…nor… 1.not only... but (also)... 【精讲】 not only... but (also)...在句中常用来连接两个对等的成分，also可以省略。 如：She speaks Russian not only in class but (also) at home.她在课堂上和家里都说俄语。 【拓展】 not only... but (also)... 用来连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单、复数遵循“就近原则”，即和but (also)后的名词或代词的数一致。如：Not only you but also he is tired of having one examination after another.不但你，而且他也讨厌一次接一次的考试。 not only... but (also)... 连接两个分句，当not only位于句首，前一个分句常用倒装来表示强调，而but (also)后的分句仍用陈述语序。如：Not only does Miss Li like music, but (also) she likes sports. 李小姐不但喜欢音乐，而且还喜欢体育。 【注意】使用中注意两点： 1.就近。指谓语形式取决于离它近的主语。 Not only the students but also the teacher reads English every day. 2、一致。not only 与 but also后面所接的词类要一致。She can not only sing but also dance. 2.both……..and…….. 【精讲】both ... and ... ：......和......两者都；既......又...... 连接两个主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，否定结构为neither ... nor … Both her mother and she can speak English very well. 她的妈妈和她，英语讲得都很好。 3.either………or………. 或者……….或者………. 【精讲】 either ... or ... ：不是......就是......； 要么......要么......，连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数须与or后面的主语保持一致(就近原则)。 We only need one person. Either Mary or Tom is ok. 我们只需要一个人， 要么是Mary，要么是Tom都可以。 4.neither………nor……… 既不………也不……….. 【精讲】 neither ... nor ...：既不......也不......连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数须与nor后面的主语保持一致(就近原则)。Neither Mum nor Dad is at home today. 妈妈和爸爸今天都不在家。 二、单元话题写作 本单元的话题是“认识你自己”。有关该话题的写作一般是介绍人物的说明文,包括人物的外貌、性格、出生年月、主要经历、事迹成就、影响和评价等内容。在具体的写作中,学生应做到以下几点: 1.介绍具体人物时,往往都是从外貌到性格,或从其经历到创造性的贡献,最后给出总结性的评语; 2.结合本单元的Task部分,学习如何写推荐信,可以推荐他人,也可以自我推荐。 当我们为某个职位向某个组织、团体推荐他人或自己时,我们需要写推荐信。介绍人物时,人物个性的描写要鲜明,能很明确地表达出这个人良好的思想品质或性格特点,给读信人留下良好而深刻的印象。 在写作时,学生要注意条理的清晰性、内容的连贯性和语言的得体性,多使用自己熟悉的词汇和句型。 常用词汇: 1.表示外貌特征:beautiful漂亮的,fat肥胖的,good-looking好看的,handsome英俊的,pretty标致的,short矮的,strong强壮的,tall高的,thin瘦的,straight hair直发,medium height中等身高 2.表示性格特点:friendly友好的,generous慷慨的,humorous幽默的,kind友善的,lazy懒惰的,naughty淘气的,smart聪明的,warm-hearted热心的 3.表示兴趣爱好:be good at擅长,be interested in对……感兴趣,be fond of喜欢,enjoy doing sth喜欢做某事,look forward to doing sth期待做某事 4.表示评价他人:be considered as被认为,be known as以……著称,be regarded as被视为 假如你叫王华，你校将开展“最美青年”评选活动，你们班决定推选Sandy参加本次评选，你草拟了介绍 Sandy的思维导图，请根据下图用英文写一封推荐信。 要求： 1. 参考导图提示内容，可适当发挥； 2. 语句通顺，意思连贯，书写工整； 3. 文中不得出现你的任何真实信息 (姓名、校名和地名等)； 4. 词数：不少于80 词。 (开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。) Dear Sir or Madam, We are writing to recommend Sandy in our class as “The Most Beautiful Youth” in our school. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Wang Hua Dear Sir or Madam, We are writing to recommend Sandy in our class as “The Most Beautiful Youth” in our school. As the monitor in our class, Sandy often wears a smile on her face and looks very confident, who is always ready to help other students. She is interested in movies and she is good at decorating the house. Meanwhile, she has a strong sense of duty. Several months ago, after we finished the final exam, our teacher asked some volunteers to clean the classroom. She stood up immediately, and began to clean the classroom. Then it was certain that we were so touched by her unselfish behavior that almost all of my classmates began to help her to clean the classroom. Her sense of duty is the most important thing that a good monitor should have. Her motto is “Plan for the worst and hope for the best”. We think Sandy is the most suitable person for this award. We hope that you agree with us. Yours, Wang Hua 向世界传递中国文化，让世界倾听中国声音。近期，我市将面向全体学生举办“用英语讲好中国故事”的爱国主义主题展示活动。假如你是李华，想参加此次活动，请根据以下信息，向负责本次活动的英语老师Mr. Yang写一封100词左右的自荐信，表达你的个人优势以及对参加活动的期待。 要点提示： 1. Say something about yourself. 2. Why do you want to take part in the activity? 3. What do you hope to gain from the activity? 注意：1.词数100左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）； 2.短文中不得泄露个人信息. Dear Mr. Yang, I’m excited to hear that our school will hold the activity “Telling Chinese Stories in English”. I really want to take part in it. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 2 （2024·四川自贡） 学校英文报正在举办主题为“改变我的一个人”的征文活动。请你结合初中三年的经历，以“A Person Who Changes Me a Lot”为题，写一篇短文参赛。 内容包括： 1. 人物简介(外貌，性格等)； 2. 他/她改变你的事件。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 短文标题已写好。 A Person Who Changes Me a Lot _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！25 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$