Unit6 Birdwatching 第2课时 Reading-【帮课堂】2024-2025学年八年级英语上册同步学与练（牛津译林版）

Unit6 Birdwatching 第2课时 Reading 目标导航jing 重点 词汇 1. n. 大自然，自然界 2. vt. 提供 3. n. 庇护所 4. adj. 极好的，完美的 5. conj. 然而 6. n. 停留，逗留 7. adv. 容易地，不费力地 8. n. 空间 9. n. (pl. fishermen) 渔民，钓鱼的人 10. vi. 捕鱼；钓鱼 11. n. 政府 12. n. 协会；社会 13. n. 改变，变化 14. n. 旅行者，观光者 15. vt. & vi. 数数 16. vt. 描述 17. vt. & vi. 理解，明白 重点 词组 1. 自然保护区 2. ……之一 3. 一年到头 4. 短暂的停留 5. 以便，为的是 6. 导致 7. 越来越少 8. 一直不停地做 重点 句型 1. Zhalong Nature Reserve is in Heilongjiang Province in . 扎龙自然保护区在中国东北部的黑龙江省。 2. It is the world's wetlands. 它是世界最重要的湿地之一。 3. The area a lot of wildlife. 这个地区给许多野生动物提供了食物和庇护所。 4. Many birds live in Zhalong ， while some go there only for . 许多鸟长年生活在扎龙，而有一些只是去那里作短暂停留。 5. Some people want to make the wetlands smaller have farms and buildings. 一些人想要使湿地变得更小，以便有更多的空间来建农场和建筑物。 6. Now the Chinese government all these things in Zhalong. 现在中国政府已制定法律来阻止在扎龙的所有这些事情。 7. We their in their numbers. 我们记录下它们的种类及数量上的变化。 知识点睛jing 一．provide的用法 教材原文The area provides food and cover for a lot of wildlife.该地区为很多野生生物提供了食物和栖息地。 provide用作动词,意为“提供,供给”,常用于provide sth. for sb.或provide sb. with sth.,意思是“向某人提供某物”。 如:The old man provides money for the poor child’s education.= The old man provides the poor child with money for his education.那个老人为那个穷孩子的教育提供资金。 拓展　provide for sb.意为“养活某人;提供生活费给某人”, 如:The young couple should provide for their old parents every month.那对青年夫妇应当每月给他们年迈的父母提供生活费。 练一练 根据汉语意思及提示完成句子 你认为主播会给我们提供更廉价的商品吗?(provide) Do you think the live streaming host can 　　　　　　　　    cheaper goods? 二．prevent的用法 教材原文Now the Chinese government has made laws to prevent all these things in Zhalong.现在中国政府已经制定了法律来防止在扎龙发生这些事情。 prevent用作动词,意为“防止,预防”,后接名词、代词等作宾语。常用于prevent sb.(from) doing sth.,意为“防止某人做某事”。如: Doctors and nurses will help us prevent diseases.医生和护士将会帮助我们预防疾病。 Nothing could prevent me (from) working hard.没有什么能阻止我努力工作。 拓展　prevent/stop/keep sb. from doing sth.都意为“阻止某人做某事”,动词prevent, stop引导的句型中,from在主动结构的句子中可以省略;动词keep也可用于这样的句型,但是from不可省略,用keep sb./sth. from doing sth.句型表示。如: The heavy rain prevented/stopped them (from) going out.=The heavy rain kept them from going out.大雨使他们不能外出。 练一练 根据句意及首字母提示完成单词 The government is taking action to p　　　     danger . 三．all year round的用法/while的用法/stay的用法 教材原句：Many birds live in Zhalong all year round,while some go there only for a short stay.许多鸟终年居住在扎龙，而一些鸟去扎龙只是短暂停留。 解析：all year round意为“全年，常年”，相当于the whole year，使用时要注意 year不能用复数形式。 例：There is snow on the top of the mountain all year round.这座山的山顶常年积雪。 解析：while意为“然而，却”，用来连接两个并列的句子，表示两个人或事物的“对比、对照”关系。 例：My father went out for a walk while my mother stayed at home.我父亲出去散步了，而我母亲却待在家里。 【拓展】： 1.while做连词时，还可以表示“当……的时候”，引导时间状语从句。但是只能指时间段，不能表示时间点。 例：They arrived while we were having dinner.他们来的时候，我们正在吃晚饭。 2.while做连词时，还可以表示“尽管，虽然”，引导让步状语从句。 例：While she is a good girl，she is very difficult to work with.她虽然是一个好姑娘，但很难与她共事。 3.while做名词，意为“一会儿；一段时间”。 例：Just wait for a while and then Ill help you.稍等一会儿，然后我就帮你。 解析：stay n. 停留，逗留。 例：I visited many places of interest during my stay in Suzhou.在苏州逗留期间我参观了许多名胜古迹。 【拓展】：stay做不及物动词，表示“停留，留下”做系动词，表示“保持”。例：He is ill and has to stay in bed. 他生病了，不得不待在床上。 We should do more exercise to stay healthy.我们应该多运动以保持健康。 【固定搭配】： have a stay 逗留 stay with sh 跟某人在一起 stay away from school 旷课 long stay 长期逗留 stay away 不在家，外出 make a stay of five days 逗留五天 short stay 短期逗留 stay up 熬夜 stay up all night 通宵未睡 【辨析】：live，stay live 做动词，指长时间“居住”。 stay 做实义动词，指“逗留，暂住”；做系动词，表示某种情况保持在某种状态或程度中，后接形容词或介词短语做表语。 例：He has lived here for many years.他住在这里好多年了。 I stayed in his home for two nights.我在他家住了两个晚上。 The size of our class stays around 45 students.我们班的人数保持在45左右。 一言辨异： I live in Taizhou now，but I made a stay of a month in Yangzhou before.我现在住在泰州，但之前在扬州待了一个月。 四.per cent的用法 教材原句：There are not many cranes left in the world，and 40 per cent of them live in Zhalong. 世界上幸存下来的鹤不是很多，并且百分之四十都生活在扎龙。 解析：per cent意为“百分之…”。 例：In fact，we use only 10 per cent of our brains.事实上，我们只用了大脑的百分之十。 【拓展】： 1.百分比与不可数名词或单数名词连用做主语时，谓语动词一般为单数形式。 例：Ninety per cent of the water is polluted.百分之九十的水被污染。 2.百分比与名词复数连用做主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 例：Sixty-five per cent of the children like fast food.百分之六十五的孩子喜欢快餐。 五.space的用法 教材原句：Some people want to make the wetlands smaller in order to have more space for farms and buildings.一些人想把湿地变小，为的是有更多的空间去建农场和大楼。 解析：space n. 空间，是不可数名词，相当于不可数名词room make space for/make room for意为“为……让出空间，给……腾出地方”。 例：When the old man got on the bus，they made space/room for him.老人上车后，他们给他让座。 The big table took up much of the space/room.这张大桌子太占地方。 【注意】：指“一个空间”时，可用a space，而a room指“一个房间”。另外，space还可意为“太空”，是不可数名词，表示此意时，其前通常不用冠词。 例：It is great fun to travel in space.在太空旅行很有趣。 【拓展】：space bar 空格键 space station 航天站 space shuttle航天飞机spacesuit 宇航服 spacecraft/spaceship宇宙飞船。 【辨析】：sky，space，universe sky 意为“天，天空”，指从地球上所看到的有云、太阳、星星等的天空，通常用作单数，与定冠词the连用，若有形容词修饰时，也可与不定冠词a/an连用。in the sky意为“在天上”，a blue sky意为“蔚蓝的天空”，under the open sky意为“在户外”。 space 意为“宇宙，太空”时，指大气层以外的太空领域，强调空间。in space 意为“在太空，在宇宙”。 universe 意为“宇宙，世界，天地万物”等，是不可数名词，指从物质概念出发的“宇宙”，常与定冠词the连用。 例：There are many colourful clouds in the sky.天空中有许多色彩斑斓的云。 He was the first man to walk in outer space.他是太空漫步第一人。 Our world is only a small part of the universe.我们的世界仅仅是宇宙的一小部分。 六．lead的用法 教材原句：This will lead to less and less space for wildlife.这会导致野生动物的生存空间越来越小。 解析：lead vi.& vt. 领导；带领。 例：She led the blind man into the room.她引导这位盲人进入房间。 Daniel leads his class in Maths.丹尼尔在数学学习上是班上的第一。 【拓展】：leader n. 领导者，领袖，是可数名词。 含lead的相关短语 lead sb into/to 引导/带领某人…… lead sb (in) doing sth 领导某人做某事 lead sb to do sth 引导某人做某事 lead to 导致；通向 lead a/an...life 过着……的生活 七．enough的用法 教材原句：As a result，the birds do not have enough food to eat.因此，鸟没有足够的食物吃。 解析：enough adj. 足够的，修饰不可数名词，放在不可数名词前面。 例：We have enough time to finish the work.我们有足够的时间来完成这项工作。 【拓展】：enough adv. 足够地，修饰形容词、副词、动词，并放在其后。 例：Are you warm enough in such a light jacket？你穿这么薄的夹克够暖和吗？ 【注意】：enough往往用在“be +形容词+ enough +for + sb + to do”结构中，注意do后面不接宾语。 例：The book is easy enough for you to read.这本书很简单，你们可以看懂。 八．动词不定式做目的状语的用法/prevent的用法 教材原句：Now the Chinese government has made laws to prevent all these things in Zhalong. 现在中国政府已经颁布法律阻止所有这些事情在扎龙发生。 解析：句中动词不定式短语to prevent all these things in Zhalong做目的状语。 例：The old woman makes clothes to wear.这个老妇人自己做衣服穿。 The girl got up early to catch the early bus.为了赶早班公共汽车，这个女孩起得很早。 解析：Prevent在此处做及物动词，意为“阻止”,常构成短语prevent... from doing sth，意为“制止……做某事”，可与stop/keep... from doing sth 进行互换。 例：Nothing could prevent us from reaching our aims.什么也阻止不了我们达到目的。 九．record 的用法/change的用法 教材原句：We record their types and changes in their numbers.我们记录它们的种类及鸟类数目的变化。 解析：record vt. 记录，记载。 例：His diary recorded all the happenings o£ his days.他的日记记载了他那个时代所发生的一切。 【拓展】：record v. 录音；n. 记录，纪录，唱片。recorder n. 录音机，记录员。 例：Does the machine record well?这台机器录音效果好吗? She holds the world record for the 100 metres.她保持着100米的世界纪录。 【固定搭配】：the record for... ……的记录； keep the record for 保持……的纪录。 解析：change n. 改变，变化。 例：Many changes have taken place in our hometown since 1978.自从1978年以来，我们的家乡发生了许多变化。 【拓展】：change做及物动词，意为“改变，变换，交换，换乘”；做不及物动词，意为“变化，改变”。 例：Where will you change your plane?你将在哪儿换乘飞机？ Nothing can change my mind.什么都不能改变我的主意。 The weather changes very often in London.伦敦的天气变化无常。 十．tourist的用法 教材原句：Every year,a lot of tourists go to Zhalong to watch the birds.每年，许多游客去扎龙观鸟。 解析： tourist n. 旅行者，观光者。可数名词。 例：Suzhou is full of tourists all year round.苏州全年都是观光者。 【拓展】：tour n. 旅行，观光，参观；旅行，观光，参观。 十一．count的用法/describe的用法 教材原句：We need more people to count and describe the birds.我们需要更多的人清点数目并且描述这些鸟。 解析：count做动词，意为“数，点数”。 例：You can not count the stars in the sky.你数不清天上的星星。 The little boy can count from one to one hundred.那个小男孩能从一数到一百。 【拓展】：count做名词，意为“总数，数数”。 例：The count showed that 45 votes had been cast.总数字表明已经投了45张选票。 解析：describe vt. 描述，描绘形容。主要指用语言描述人或事物，以提供一个清晰的印象。 例：It's difficult to describe how I feel.很难形容我的感受。 The teacher asked us to describe the party.老师要我们描述一下那个聚会。 【固定搭配】：describe sth to sb 向某人描述某事物； describe…as… 把…说成…。 例：I can't describe my joy to you with words.我无法用言语向你描述我的快乐。 That young man describes himself as a postman.那个年轻人自称是个邮递员。 【拓展】：description n. 描述，描绘。 例：Write a description of your favourite animal.对你最喜欢的动物写一段描述。 十二．stop sb from doing sth的用法 教材原句：stop something from happening阻止某事发生 解析：stop…from doing sth 意为“阻止……做某事”，相当于prevent / keep..from doing sth，其中stop和prevent结构中的from可以省略，但keep结构中的from不可以省略。 例：The heavy rain prevented / stopped us (from) holding the sports meeting. =The heavy rain kept us from holding the sports meeting.那场大雨阻止了我们开运动会。 分层练习 【基础练习】 一．.根据句意及所给提示完成单词 1. 　　　(参观者)must show their health QR codes and check their temperature before they go into the museum.  2.Finally they 　　　(理解) the meaning of life after the accident last year.   3.With the development of technology, s　　　 (太空) travel will be a common thing.  4.As a saying says, “Practice makes p　　　.”  5.He is so clever that he can work out the problem e　　　.  6.I like living in the countryside because I like to be close to 　　　(自然).  7.I can’t 　　　(描述) the beautiful scenery(风景) I saw.  8.A 10-year-old child may find it hard to 　　　(理解) what the poem means.  9.Regular exercise can help people 　　　(stop something from happening) heart(心脏) problems. 10.Our parents are willing to try every possible way to 　　　(give something to someone or something else)us with what we need. 二.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空  1.Social workers in our community are patient enough 　　　(explain) how to register Huaishangtong (注册淮上通).  2.These 　　　(fisherman)homes are no longer in the boats because of the government’s no fishing law on Yangtze River.  3.If you know about the 　　　(important) of study, you will work much harder.  4.One of his jobs is 　　　(study) all kinds of the birds in the forest.  5.There 　　　(be)lots of space for wild birds in the past. But the bridge is changing everything.  三.从方框中选择合适的短语,并用其适当形式填空 all year round; lead to; do a bird count; different kinds of; less and less 1.Last month,we 　　　 in the wetlands and found there were more birds living there than last year.  2.Because people hunt and fish in the wetlands,birds now have 　　　 food to eat.  3.Smoking may 　　　 illness, so stop smoking at once, Mr Wang.   4.Many 　　　　　 birds fly to this lake in winter every year.  5.These birds aren’t afraid of cold days. They live in the wetlands here 　　　　　.  四.单项选择 1.Everyone needs to know 　　　 importance of rubbish sorting(分类).   A.an　　　　 B.不填　　　　 C.the 2.Sansha, a beautiful city, lies 　　　 the south of China.  A.in　　 　　 B.on C.to 3.These photos 　　　 the doctors’ unusual working experiences.  A.record 　 B.receive　 C.remember　 D.realize 4.The drama “Yuhuayao” 　　　 citizens in Nanjing with a chance to learn and listen to the Party’s history.   A.provided　　　 　 B.guarded C.compared　　　　 D.protected 5.—How do you like your new hairstyle? —　　　 Just the way I wanted.  A.Good idea!　　 B.I’m afraid not. C.I’m frightened.　　 D.It’s perfect! 【能力拓展】 阅读理解 A You might think that living in a city puts you at a disadvantage for wildlife watching. However, London can be a surprise for bird lovers in the city. Here, we’ll offer you some of the best places where you can go birdwatching in London. The Wash National Nature Reserve What a better place to go birdwatching than at a nature reserve? London is home to the Wash National Nature Reserve, the largest nature reserve in England. You can easily catch a train to get there. It is famous for its wildfowl(野禽)such as oystercatchers and brent geese. As for birds, the reserve is also home to seals, one of the most common animals here. London’s parks You’ll also find birdwatching is much easier in some of London’s parks and open spaces. Regent’s Park is a great example. There is even a designated walk(指定的步行路线). Along it, you may see the most birds on your visit. You can also see different kinds of birds in open spaces such as Hampstead Health and Little Wormwood Scrubs. These open spaces are home to more than 200 different kinds of birds. Wetlands and waterways There are a lot of wetlands and waterways in and around London. The Thames is the best place to head to for birdwatching. Here, you’re likely to see cormorants, ducks and gulls. You can also head to the Barking Riverside when the tide(潮汐)is low. 1.What does the underlined word “disadvantage” mean in Chinese? A.优势　　　　 B.机会 C.状况　　　　 D.不利条件 2.Which of the following is NOT true about the Wash National Nature Reserve? A.It is the largest one in London. B.Visitors can get there by train. C.Over 200 kinds of birds live there. D.Visitors can see seals easily there. 3.What does the underlined “it” refer to? A.Regent’s Park.　　　　 B.The designated walk. C.A kind of bird.　　　　 D.An open space. 4.Where can you see cormorants, ducks and gulls most probably? A.In the Nature Reserve. B.In Hampstead Health. C.In Little Wormwood Scrubs. D.Along the Thames. 5.Who is the passage mainly written for? A.Alice, a lover of birdwatching. B.John, a visitor from Boston. C.Jenny, a geography teacher. D.Tony, a reporter in London. B There are many different kinds of parrots. Some are quite big. Others are small.Many people like them because they have beautiful colours and they can “talk”. No one knows why parrots can talk. Most birds cannot talk. Some people say that parrots can talk because they have big, thick (厚的) tongues(舌头). But some other birds that can talk do not have big, thick tongues, and some birds that cannot talk with big, thick tongues. Parrots do not know what they are saying when they talk. They are only making sounds. However, they know when to say some words, such as “Hello” and “Goodbye”, and they usually know and can say people’s names. Most parrots come from hot countries, but they can live anywhere. 1.People like parrots, because　　　.  A.they have beautiful colours B.they can “talk” C.they can dance D.both A and B 2.Can all birds talk? A.Yes, all of them can talk. B.No, most birds can’t talk. C.No, only big ones can talk. D.No, only small ones can talk. 3.Some people say parrots can talk because　　　.  A.they like talking B.they like people C.they have big, thick tongues D.they have mouths 4.Do the parrots usually know what they are saying when they talk? A.Yes, they do.　　　　 B.No, they don’t. C.Sometimes they do.　　　　 D.They usually do. 5.What kind of words do parrots usually say? A.“Hello” and “Goodbye”. B.Some people’s names. C.Hot countries. D.Both A and B. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit6 Birdwatching 第2课时 Reading 目标导航jing 重点 词汇 1.nature n. 大自然，自然界 2. provide vt. 提供 3. cover n. 庇护所 4. perfect adj. 极好的，完美的 5. while conj. 然而 6. stay n. 停留，逗留 7. easily adv. 容易地，不费力地 8. space n. 空间 9. fisherman n. (pl. fishermen) 渔民，钓鱼的人 10. fish vi. 捕鱼；钓鱼 11. government n. 政府 12. society n. 协会；社会 13. change n. 改变，变化 14. tourist n. 旅行者，观光者 15. count vt. & vi. 数数 16. describe vt. 描述 17. understand vt. & vi. 理解，明白 重点 词组 1.nature reserve 自然保护区 2. one of… ……之一 3. all year round 一年到头 4. a short stay 短暂的停留 5. in order to 以便，为的是 6. lead to 导致 7. less and less 越来越少 8. keep doing 一直不停地做 重点 句型 1. Zhalong Nature Reserve is in Heilongjiang Province in North­east China . 扎龙自然保护区在中国东北部的黑龙江省。 2. It is one of the world's most important wetlands. 它是世界最重要的湿地之一。 3. The area provides food and cover for a lot of wildlife. 这个地区给许多野生动物提供了食物和庇护所。 4. Many birds live in Zhalong all year round ， while some go there only for a short stay . 许多鸟长年生活在扎龙，而有一些只是去那里作短暂停留。 5. Some people want to make the wetlands smaller in order to have more space for farms and buildings. 一些人想要使湿地变得更小，以便有更多的空间来建农场和建筑物。 6. Now the Chinese government has made laws to prevent all these things in Zhalong. 现在中国政府已制定法律来阻止在扎龙的所有这些事情。 7. We record their types and changes in their numbers. 我们记录下它们的种类及数量上的变化。 知识点睛jing 一．provide的用法 教材原文The area provides food and cover for a lot of wildlife.该地区为很多野生生物提供了食物和栖息地。 provide用作动词,意为“提供,供给”,常用于provide sth. for sb.或provide sb. with sth.,意思是“向某人提供某物”。 如:The old man provides money for the poor child’s education.= The old man provides the poor child with money for his education.那个老人为那个穷孩子的教育提供资金。 拓展　provide for sb.意为“养活某人;提供生活费给某人”, 如:The young couple should provide for their old parents every month.那对青年夫妇应当每月给他们年迈的父母提供生活费。 练一练 根据汉语意思及提示完成句子 你认为主播会给我们提供更廉价的商品吗?(provide) Do you think the live streaming host can 　　　　　　　　    cheaper goods? provide us with 二．prevent的用法 教材原文Now the Chinese government has made laws to prevent all these things in Zhalong.现在中国政府已经制定了法律来防止在扎龙发生这些事情。 prevent用作动词,意为“防止,预防”,后接名词、代词等作宾语。常用于prevent sb.(from) doing sth.,意为“防止某人做某事”。如: Doctors and nurses will help us prevent diseases.医生和护士将会帮助我们预防疾病。 Nothing could prevent me (from) working hard.没有什么能阻止我努力工作。 拓展　prevent/stop/keep sb. from doing sth.都意为“阻止某人做某事”,动词prevent, stop引导的句型中,from在主动结构的句子中可以省略;动词keep也可用于这样的句型,但是from不可省略,用keep sb./sth. from doing sth.句型表示。如: The heavy rain prevented/stopped them (from) going out.=The heavy rain kept them from going out.大雨使他们不能外出。 练一练 根据句意及首字母提示完成单词 The government is taking action to p　　　     danger . prevent 三．all year round的用法/while的用法/stay的用法 教材原句：Many birds live in Zhalong all year round,while some go there only for a short stay.许多鸟终年居住在扎龙，而一些鸟去扎龙只是短暂停留。 解析：all year round意为“全年，常年”，相当于the whole year，使用时要注意 year不能用复数形式。 例：There is snow on the top of the mountain all year round.这座山的山顶常年积雪。 解析：while意为“然而，却”，用来连接两个并列的句子，表示两个人或事物的“对比、对照”关系。 例：My father went out for a walk while my mother stayed at home.我父亲出去散步了，而我母亲却待在家里。 【拓展】： 1.while做连词时，还可以表示“当……的时候”，引导时间状语从句。但是只能指时间段，不能表示时间点。 例：They arrived while we were having dinner.他们来的时候，我们正在吃晚饭。 2.while做连词时，还可以表示“尽管，虽然”，引导让步状语从句。 例：While she is a good girl，she is very difficult to work with.她虽然是一个好姑娘，但很难与她共事。 3.while做名词，意为“一会儿；一段时间”。 例：Just wait for a while and then Ill help you.稍等一会儿，然后我就帮你。 解析：stay n. 停留，逗留。 例：I visited many places of interest during my stay in Suzhou.在苏州逗留期间我参观了许多名胜古迹。 【拓展】：stay做不及物动词，表示“停留，留下”做系动词，表示“保持”。例：He is ill and has to stay in bed. 他生病了，不得不待在床上。 We should do more exercise to stay healthy.我们应该多运动以保持健康。 【固定搭配】： have a stay 逗留 stay with sh 跟某人在一起 stay away from school 旷课 long stay 长期逗留 stay away 不在家，外出 make a stay of five days 逗留五天 short stay 短期逗留 stay up 熬夜 stay up all night 通宵未睡 【辨析】：live，stay live 做动词，指长时间“居住”。 stay 做实义动词，指“逗留，暂住”；做系动词，表示某种情况保持在某种状态或程度中，后接形容词或介词短语做表语。 例：He has lived here for many years.他住在这里好多年了。 I stayed in his home for two nights.我在他家住了两个晚上。 The size of our class stays around 45 students.我们班的人数保持在45左右。 一言辨异： I live in Taizhou now，but I made a stay of a month in Yangzhou before.我现在住在泰州，但之前在扬州待了一个月。 四.per cent的用法 教材原句：There are not many cranes left in the world，and 40 per cent of them live in Zhalong. 世界上幸存下来的鹤不是很多，并且百分之四十都生活在扎龙。 解析：per cent意为“百分之…”。 例：In fact，we use only 10 per cent of our brains.事实上，我们只用了大脑的百分之十。 【拓展】： 1.百分比与不可数名词或单数名词连用做主语时，谓语动词一般为单数形式。 例：Ninety per cent of the water is polluted.百分之九十的水被污染。 2.百分比与名词复数连用做主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 例：Sixty-five per cent of the children like fast food.百分之六十五的孩子喜欢快餐。 五.space的用法 教材原句：Some people want to make the wetlands smaller in order to have more space for farms and buildings.一些人想把湿地变小，为的是有更多的空间去建农场和大楼。 解析：space n. 空间，是不可数名词，相当于不可数名词room make space for/make room for意为“为……让出空间，给……腾出地方”。 例：When the old man got on the bus，they made space/room for him.老人上车后，他们给他让座。 The big table took up much of the space/room.这张大桌子太占地方。 【注意】：指“一个空间”时，可用a space，而a room指“一个房间”。另外，space还可意为“太空”，是不可数名词，表示此意时，其前通常不用冠词。 例：It is great fun to travel in space.在太空旅行很有趣。 【拓展】：space bar 空格键 space station 航天站 space shuttle航天飞机spacesuit 宇航服 spacecraft/spaceship宇宙飞船。 【辨析】：sky，space，universe sky 意为“天，天空”，指从地球上所看到的有云、太阳、星星等的天空，通常用作单数，与定冠词the连用，若有形容词修饰时，也可与不定冠词a/an连用。in the sky意为“在天上”，a blue sky意为“蔚蓝的天空”，under the open sky意为“在户外”。 space 意为“宇宙，太空”时，指大气层以外的太空领域，强调空间。in space 意为“在太空，在宇宙”。 universe 意为“宇宙，世界，天地万物”等，是不可数名词，指从物质概念出发的“宇宙”，常与定冠词the连用。 例：There are many colourful clouds in the sky.天空中有许多色彩斑斓的云。 He was the first man to walk in outer space.他是太空漫步第一人。 Our world is only a small part of the universe.我们的世界仅仅是宇宙的一小部分。 六．lead的用法 教材原句：This will lead to less and less space for wildlife.这会导致野生动物的生存空间越来越小。 解析：lead vi.& vt. 领导；带领。 例：She led the blind man into the room.她引导这位盲人进入房间。 Daniel leads his class in Maths.丹尼尔在数学学习上是班上的第一。 【拓展】：leader n. 领导者，领袖，是可数名词。 含lead的相关短语 lead sb into/to 引导/带领某人…… lead sb (in) doing sth 领导某人做某事 lead sb to do sth 引导某人做某事 lead to 导致；通向 lead a/an...life 过着……的生活 七．enough的用法 教材原句：As a result，the birds do not have enough food to eat.因此，鸟没有足够的食物吃。 解析：enough adj. 足够的，修饰不可数名词，放在不可数名词前面。 例：We have enough time to finish the work.我们有足够的时间来完成这项工作。 【拓展】：enough adv. 足够地，修饰形容词、副词、动词，并放在其后。 例：Are you warm enough in such a light jacket？你穿这么薄的夹克够暖和吗？ 【注意】：enough往往用在“be +形容词+ enough +for + sb + to do”结构中，注意do后面不接宾语。 例：The book is easy enough for you to read.这本书很简单，你们可以看懂。 八．动词不定式做目的状语的用法/prevent的用法 教材原句：Now the Chinese government has made laws to prevent all these things in Zhalong. 现在中国政府已经颁布法律阻止所有这些事情在扎龙发生。 解析：句中动词不定式短语to prevent all these things in Zhalong做目的状语。 例：The old woman makes clothes to wear.这个老妇人自己做衣服穿。 The girl got up early to catch the early bus.为了赶早班公共汽车，这个女孩起得很早。 解析：Prevent在此处做及物动词，意为“阻止”,常构成短语prevent... from doing sth，意为“制止……做某事”，可与stop/keep... from doing sth 进行互换。 例：Nothing could prevent us from reaching our aims.什么也阻止不了我们达到目的。 九．record 的用法/change的用法 教材原句：We record their types and changes in their numbers.我们记录它们的种类及鸟类数目的变化。 解析：record vt. 记录，记载。 例：His diary recorded all the happenings o£ his days.他的日记记载了他那个时代所发生的一切。 【拓展】：record v. 录音；n. 记录，纪录，唱片。recorder n. 录音机，记录员。 例：Does the machine record well?这台机器录音效果好吗? She holds the world record for the 100 metres.她保持着100米的世界纪录。 【固定搭配】：the record for... ……的记录； keep the record for 保持……的纪录。 解析：change n. 改变，变化。 例：Many changes have taken place in our hometown since 1978.自从1978年以来，我们的家乡发生了许多变化。 【拓展】：change做及物动词，意为“改变，变换，交换，换乘”；做不及物动词，意为“变化，改变”。 例：Where will you change your plane?你将在哪儿换乘飞机？ Nothing can change my mind.什么都不能改变我的主意。 The weather changes very often in London.伦敦的天气变化无常。 十．tourist的用法 教材原句：Every year,a lot of tourists go to Zhalong to watch the birds.每年，许多游客去扎龙观鸟。 解析： tourist n. 旅行者，观光者。可数名词。 例：Suzhou is full of tourists all year round.苏州全年都是观光者。 【拓展】：tour n. 旅行，观光，参观；旅行，观光，参观。 十一．count的用法/describe的用法 教材原句：We need more people to count and describe the birds.我们需要更多的人清点数目并且描述这些鸟。 解析：count做动词，意为“数，点数”。 例：You can not count the stars in the sky.你数不清天上的星星。 The little boy can count from one to one hundred.那个小男孩能从一数到一百。 【拓展】：count做名词，意为“总数，数数”。 例：The count showed that 45 votes had been cast.总数字表明已经投了45张选票。 解析：describe vt. 描述，描绘形容。主要指用语言描述人或事物，以提供一个清晰的印象。 例：It's difficult to describe how I feel.很难形容我的感受。 The teacher asked us to describe the party.老师要我们描述一下那个聚会。 【固定搭配】：describe sth to sb 向某人描述某事物； describe…as… 把…说成…。 例：I can't describe my joy to you with words.我无法用言语向你描述我的快乐。 That young man describes himself as a postman.那个年轻人自称是个邮递员。 【拓展】：description n. 描述，描绘。 例：Write a description of your favourite animal.对你最喜欢的动物写一段描述。 十二．stop sb from doing sth的用法 教材原句：stop something from happening阻止某事发生 解析：stop…from doing sth 意为“阻止……做某事”，相当于prevent / keep..from doing sth，其中stop和prevent结构中的from可以省略，但keep结构中的from不可以省略。 例：The heavy rain prevented / stopped us (from) holding the sports meeting. =The heavy rain kept us from holding the sports meeting.那场大雨阻止了我们开运动会。 分层练习 【基础练习】 一．.根据句意及所给提示完成单词 1. 　　　(参观者)must show their health QR codes and check their temperature before they go into the museum.  2.Finally they 　　　(理解) the meaning of life after the accident last year.   3.With the development of technology, s　　　 (太空) travel will be a common thing.  4.As a saying says, “Practice makes p　　　.”  5.He is so clever that he can work out the problem e　　　.  6.I like living in the countryside because I like to be close to 　　　(自然).  7.I can’t 　　　(描述) the beautiful scenery(风景) I saw.  8.A 10-year-old child may find it hard to 　　　(理解) what the poem means.  9.Regular exercise can help people 　　　(stop something from happening) heart(心脏) problems. 10.Our parents are willing to try every possible way to 　　　(give something to someone or something else)us with what we need. 1.Tourists/Visitors　2.understood　3.space　4.perfect5.easily　6.nature　7.describe　8.understand 9.prevent　10.provide 二.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空  1.Social workers in our community are patient enough 　　　(explain) how to register Huaishangtong (注册淮上通).  2.These 　　　(fisherman)homes are no longer in the boats because of the government’s no fishing law on Yangtze River.  3.If you know about the 　　　(important) of study, you will work much harder.  4.One of his jobs is 　　　(study) all kinds of the birds in the forest.  5.There 　　　(be)lots of space for wild birds in the past. But the bridge is changing everything.  1.to explain　2.fishermen’s　3.importance 4.to study　5.was 三.从方框中选择合适的短语,并用其适当形式填空 all year round; lead to; do a bird count; different kinds of; less and less 1.Last month,we 　　　 in the wetlands and found there were more birds living there than last year.  2.Because people hunt and fish in the wetlands,birds now have 　　　 food to eat.  3.Smoking may 　　　 illness, so stop smoking at once, Mr Wang.   4.Many 　　　　　 birds fly to this lake in winter every year.  5.These birds aren’t afraid of cold days. They live in the wetlands here 　　　　　.  1.did a bird count　2.less and less　3.lead to 4.different kinds of　5.all year round 四.单项选择 1.Everyone needs to know 　　　 importance of rubbish sorting(分类).   A.an　　　　 B.不填　　　　 C.the 2.Sansha, a beautiful city, lies 　　　 the south of China.  A.in　　 　　 B.on C.to 3.These photos 　　　 the doctors’ unusual working experiences.  A.record 　 B.receive　 C.remember　 D.realize 4.The drama “Yuhuayao” 　　　 citizens in Nanjing with a chance to learn and listen to the Party’s history.   A.provided　　　 　 B.guarded C.compared　　　　 D.protected 5.—How do you like your new hairstyle? —　　　 Just the way I wanted.  A.Good idea!　　 B.I’m afraid not. C.I’m frightened.　　 D.It’s perfect! 1.C　句意:每个人都需要知道垃圾分类的重要性。the importance of...意为“……的重要性”。故选C。 2.A　in 表示“在……范围里面”;on表示“和……接壤”;to表示“不接壤”。三沙市是属于中国的,在中国内部。故选A。 3.A　record 记录;receive收到;remember记住;realize意识到。根据句意可知,工作经历只能是记录,而不能是“收到”、“记住”或“意识到”。故选A。 4.A　句意:戏剧《雨花谣》为南京市民提供了一个学习与聆听党史的机会。provide 提供;guard 守卫;compare 对比;protect 保护。考查provide...with...,意为“提供……给……”。故选A。 5.D　根据空后的“就是我想要的样子”可知,这里说的是“新发型太完美了”。It’s perfect!意为“太完美了”,符合语境。Good idea!好主意;I’m afraid not.恐怕不行;I’m frightened.我很害怕。故选D。 【能力拓展】 阅读理解 A You might think that living in a city puts you at a disadvantage for wildlife watching. However, London can be a surprise for bird lovers in the city. Here, we’ll offer you some of the best places where you can go birdwatching in London. The Wash National Nature Reserve What a better place to go birdwatching than at a nature reserve? London is home to the Wash National Nature Reserve, the largest nature reserve in England. You can easily catch a train to get there. It is famous for its wildfowl(野禽)such as oystercatchers and brent geese. As for birds, the reserve is also home to seals, one of the most common animals here. London’s parks You’ll also find birdwatching is much easier in some of London’s parks and open spaces. Regent’s Park is a great example. There is even a designated walk(指定的步行路线). Along it, you may see the most birds on your visit. You can also see different kinds of birds in open spaces such as Hampstead Health and Little Wormwood Scrubs. These open spaces are home to more than 200 different kinds of birds. Wetlands and waterways There are a lot of wetlands and waterways in and around London. The Thames is the best place to head to for birdwatching. Here, you’re likely to see cormorants, ducks and gulls. You can also head to the Barking Riverside when the tide(潮汐)is low. 1.What does the underlined word “disadvantage” mean in Chinese? A.优势　　　　 B.机会 C.状况　　　　 D.不利条件 2.Which of the following is NOT true about the Wash National Nature Reserve? A.It is the largest one in London. B.Visitors can get there by train. C.Over 200 kinds of birds live there. D.Visitors can see seals easily there. 3.What does the underlined “it” refer to? A.Regent’s Park.　　　　 B.The designated walk. C.A kind of bird.　　　　 D.An open space. 4.Where can you see cormorants, ducks and gulls most probably? A.In the Nature Reserve. B.In Hampstead Health. C.In Little Wormwood Scrubs. D.Along the Thames. 5.Who is the passage mainly written for? A.Alice, a lover of birdwatching. B.John, a visitor from Boston. C.Jenny, a geography teacher. D.Tony, a reporter in London. 1.D　词义猜测题。画线词所在句子的意思是:你可能认为住在城市是观看野生动物的不利条件。所以disadvantage意为“不利条件”。故选D。 2.C　细节理解题。根据“The Wash National Nature Reserve”部分内容可知,它是全伦敦最大的一个自然保护区,游客可坐火车直达,还能看到海豹,没有提及居住了200多种鸟类。故选C。 3.B　推理判断题。根据“London’s parks”部分中的“There is even a designated walk.”可推知,it指代“designated walk”。故选B。 4.D　细节理解题。根据“ Wetlands and waterways”部分中的“The Thames is the best place to head to for birdwatching. Here, you’re likely to see cormorants, ducks and gulls.”可知,游客可能会在泰晤士河沿岸看到鸬鹚、鸭子和海鸥。故选D。 5.A　推理判断题。文章主要写的是关于观鸟的有关内容,所以此文适合鸟类观察爱好者阅读。故选A。 B There are many different kinds of parrots. Some are quite big. Others are small.Many people like them because they have beautiful colours and they can “talk”. No one knows why parrots can talk. Most birds cannot talk. Some people say that parrots can talk because they have big, thick (厚的) tongues(舌头). But some other birds that can talk do not have big, thick tongues, and some birds that cannot talk with big, thick tongues. Parrots do not know what they are saying when they talk. They are only making sounds. However, they know when to say some words, such as “Hello” and “Goodbye”, and they usually know and can say people’s names. Most parrots come from hot countries, but they can live anywhere. 1.People like parrots, because　　　.  A.they have beautiful colours B.they can “talk” C.they can dance D.both A and B 2.Can all birds talk? A.Yes, all of them can talk. B.No, most birds can’t talk. C.No, only big ones can talk. D.No, only small ones can talk. 3.Some people say parrots can talk because　　　.  A.they like talking B.they like people C.they have big, thick tongues D.they have mouths 4.Do the parrots usually know what they are saying when they talk? A.Yes, they do.　　　　 B.No, they don’t. C.Sometimes they do.　　　　 D.They usually do. 5.What kind of words do parrots usually say? A.“Hello” and “Goodbye”. B.Some people’s names. C.Hot countries. D.Both A and B. 1.D　细节理解题。由第一段第四句“Many people like them because they have beautiful colours and they can ‘talk’.”可知选D。 2.B　细节理解题。由第二段第二句“Most birds cannot talk.”可知选B。 3.C　细节理解题。由第二段第三句“Some people say that parrots can talk because they have big, thick tongues.”可知选C。 4.B　细节理解题。由第三段第一句“Parrots do not know what they are saying when they talk.”可知选B。 5.D　细节理解题。由第三段第三句可知通常会说“Hello”“Goodbye”和 “people’s names”,故答案为D。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$