精品解析：云南省曲靖市师宗县平高中学（第四中学）2023-2024学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题

师宗平高学校高二年级2024学年春季学期县统测 英语模拟试题卷 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 考试时间为120分钟，满分150分 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What did Ryan do yesterday? A. He watched football. B. He did some exercise. C. He went to the doctor. 2. What are the speakers doing? A. Cooking dinner. B. Preparing for a party. C. Eating out in a restaurant. 3. What does the woman ask the man to do for her? A. Take a photo. B. Fix a camera. C. Print a picture. 4. What will the speakers do next? A. Go back to their home. B. Visit the woman’s friend. C. Return to the supermarket. 5. What is the weather like now? A. It’s raining. B. It’s cloudy. C. It’s sunny. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后2至4个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7题。 6. What happened to the woman’s flight? A. It failed to take off on time. B. It was called off without notice. C. It arrived about two hours earlier. 7. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a restaurant. B. On a plane. C. At the airport. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10题。 8. Where does the man enjoy getting his news from? A. The TV. B. The radio. C. The Internet. 9. What type of news does the man like? A. Art news. B. Sports news. C. Business news. 10. What is the man’s attitude towards the news programs on TV? A. Favorable. B. Casual. C. Unfavorable. 听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13题。 11. Why does the woman make the phone call? A To complain about hotel service. B. To arrange an important meeting. C. To order a full English breakfast. 12. How does the man sound? A. Sorry. B. Worried. C. Painful. 13. What will the man probably do next? A. Eat his breakfast. B. Go to the kitchen. C. Wait by the phone. 听下面一段对话，回答第14第17题。 14. Why did Maria go to the Oxford Street? A. To meet Jason. B. To watch a play. C. To do some shopping. 15. What does Susan Hill do? A. She’s an actress. B. She’s a street artist. C. She’s a salesperson. 16. What did Susan Hill give Maria? A. A ring. B. A ticket. C. A £50 note. 17. What will Jason probably do? A. Go with Maria. B. See his friends. C. Host a dinner. 听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20题。 18. When will the team return from Costa Rica? A. April 6. B. July 10. C. July 20. 19. Where will the team go to do the second project? A. The national parks. B. The city of San José. C. The east of Costa Rica. 20. What will the team do in the final project? A Plant trees. B. Feed birds. C. Train animals. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） A Museums With Special Programs for Special Needs Children Children’s museums are wonderful places for families to bond. For children with special needs, however, outings can be difficult. Luckily, more and more museums are reaching out to children with special needs. Please Touch Museum Popular in Philadelphia, the Please Touch Museum’s “Play Without Boundaries” event is for special needs children, and they can dress up as an astronaut in Space Station. Boston Children’s Museum At Boston Children’s Museum, children with special needs and their families will find the museum is accessible. A limited number of wheelchairs (child and adult size), sound-reducing ear muffs, and amplified listening devices for KidStage Theater performance are available for free. Chicago Children’s Museum The Chicago Children’s Museum is a standout when it comes to events for special needs children. The museum’s “Play for All” events, held the second Saturday of each month, invite families and children with disabilities to the museum an hour prior to the usual opening. Pre-registration is required and the first 250 visitors receive free admission. Miani Children’s Museum One Saturday each month, the Miami Children’s Museum closes to the general public and children can participate in creative actings and imaginative play while practising social interaction, communication skills and self-expression in a relaxing environment. 1. How many museums are mentioned in this AD? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 2. Where will the children go if they are interested in exploring space? A. Miami. B. Chicago. C. Boston. D. Philadelphia. 3. What do we know about Boston Children’s Museum? A. It provides listening tools for free. B. It serves visitors with enough wheelchairs. C. It has a 16-page booklet with photographs. D. It closes to the general public on weekends. B Land of Love and Peace Xia Hong has been living in Tashikurgan Tajik autonomous county in the southwest of Xinjiang for the past six years. Her love for the cold and remote county comes from her unforgettable trips to the Tajik villages. People’s kindness and hospitality (好客) left the deepest impression on her mind. After she moved there, Xia opened a café. She mixes her coffee with local produce for fresh tastes and also gives her concoctions (混合物) lovely names for a lasting impression. “The juice lends the coffee a color, similar to what the sky looks like from the Pamir Plateau (帕米尔高原),” she explains. Besides managing her café, Xia loves traveling around the county, reading books, holding parties for friends and posting articles and videos online to share her experiences. Xia finds the leisurely lifestyle peaceful. “Sometimes, I just sit outside the café and look at the mountains or clouds. The feeling is so good to be so close to nature,” she says. Xia hopes that her cafe and its special drinks become part of “unforgettable memories” of travelers who visit the county. 4. What impressed Xia Hong most about her trip to the Tajik village? A. The Pamir Plateau. B. The friendly people. C. The low temperature. D. The beautiful nights. 5. How does Xia Hong make her coffee impressive? A. By using local produce and special names. B. By making it into a different color. C. By offering it in the early evening only. D. By adding some snow. 6. What does Xia Hong love in the county? A. Picnics with friends there. B. Travelling at home and abroad. C. The feeling of being close to nature. D. The challenge of being alone. 7. What is the text mainly about? A. A beautiful place worth visiting. B. A special café in a village. C. A long trip in Xinjiang. D. A traveler settling in a remote county. C If a pancake could dream, it might long for legs so it could jump off your breakfast plate in pursuit of a better, unchewed life. But legs aren’t necessary for something as flat as a pancake to jump around. A group of scientists have designed a pancake-shaped robot that can jump several times per second and higher than seven times its body height. The new robot named Hop, which swiftly jumps without feet, is an important contribution to the soft robotics. Many ground robots move by rolling or walking. But it’s more efficient for robots to jump over obstacles than to go around them. Although jumping can offer some robots a competitive edge, engineering that ability has been a challenge for robotics researchers. Some soft robots that store energy can perform a single impressive jump very infrequently. Some lightweight soft robots that don’t store energy can jump frequently but can’t jump high or far enough to successfully cross an obstacle. For inspiration, the researchers looked to gall midge larvae (瘿蚊幼虫) that miraculously throw themselves across distances 30 times as long as their loglike bodies. A gall midge larva bends its body and squeezes the liquid in its body to one end, making it rigid. The accumulation of liquid builds up pressure, and releasing the pressure sends it soaring. The robot’s body doesn’t resemble that of a gall midge larva, but it jumps like one. Its body is made of two small plastic bags printed with electrodes (电极); the front bag is filled with liquid and the back one is filled with the same volume of air. The robot uses electricity to drive the flow of liquid, which causes the body to bend and generate force with the ground, resulting in a jump. And the air bag imitates the function of an animal’s tail, helping the robot maintain a stable position. While the robot is currently restricted to Earth, it might be right at home exploring another planet. If this is true, the researchers’ robot might jump over dust y rocks and large holes on the moon or Mars, going where no pancake has gone before. 8. What does the author want to show by mentioning a pancake? A. A pancake’s dream to have legs is unrealistic. B. A robot is capable of serving a good pancake. C. A pancake-shaped robot can jump without legs. D. Research on pancakes advances our understanding of robots. 9. What difficultly do robotics researchers have in developing Hop according to Paragraph 2? A. Hop’s avoiding an obstacle. B. Hop’s moving around by rolling. C. Hop’s performing one remarkable jump. D. Hop’s jumping high and far continuously. 10. What inspiration do the researchers draw from gall midge larvae? A. They are shaped like logs. B. They have tails to change positions. C. They bend their bodies and increase force. D. They are filled with liquid and have rigid bodies. 11. What is the author’s attitude to the future of the new robot? A. Intolerant. B. Positive. C. Doubtful. D. Unclear. D ChatGPT appears to have better “bedside manners” than some doctors — at least when their written advice is rated for quality and empathy (同理心), a study has shown. The study, published in the journal JAMA Internal Medicine, used data from social news website Reddit’s Ask Docs forum, in which members can post medical questions answered by verified healthcare professionals. The team randomly sampled 195 exchanges from Ask Docs where a verified doctor responded to a public question. The original questions were then posed to the AI language model ChatGPT, which was asked to respond. Finally, a panel of three licensed healthcare professionals, who did not know whether the response came from a human physician or ChatGPT, rated the answers for quality and empathy. Overall, the panel preferred ChatGPT’s responses to those given by a human 79 percent of the time. ChatGPT responses were also rated good or very good quality 79 percent of the time, compared with 22 percent of doctors’ responses, and 45 percent of the ChatGPT answers were rated empathic or very empathic compared with just 5 percent of doctors’ replies. Christopher Longhurst, of UC San Diego Health, said: “These results suggest that tools like ChatGPT can efficiently draft high-quality, personalized medical advice for review by clinicians, and we are beginning that process at UCSD Health.” Professor James Davenport, of the University of Bath, who was not involved in the research, said: “The paper does not say that ChatGPT can replace doctors, but does, quite reasonably, call for further research into whether and how ChatGPT can assist physicians in response generation.” Some noted that, given ChatGPT was specifically designed to be likable, it was not surprising that it wrote texts that came across as empathic. It also tended to give longer, chattier answers than human doctors, which could have played a role in its higher ratings. Others cautioned against relying on language models for factual information due to their tendency to generate made-up “facts”. 12 What does paragraph 2 mainly discuss about the study? A. The general outline. B. The statistical analysis. C. The theoretical basis. D. The data sources. 13. What is the percentage difference in empathy ratings between doctors’ responses and ChatGPTs responses? A. 17 percent. B. 40 percent. C. 57 percent. D. 74 percent. 14. What’s Professor Davenport’s view regarding the paper’s proposal for additional investigation into ChatGPTs support for physicians? A. Indifferent. B. Objective. C. Concerned. D. Disapproving. 15. What concern was raised about using ChatGPT? A. Its responses might be one-sided. B. It has limited factual knowledge. C. It can produce incorrect content. D. It is unable to offer high-quality advice. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） The Best Foods for Your Brain The brain is an organ just like any other—it needs the right nutrients to function properly and there are certain foods that can support brain function and help make studying easier. ____16____. Dark chocolate Dark chocolate is bitter chocolate compared to milk chocolate. It uses cacao as its main ingredient. Dark chocolate promotes the development of both neurons and blood vessels (血管). ____17____, but also its neuroprotective (神经保护) properties help to increase memory and make learning easier over time. Berries A lot of the benefits of berries come from antioxidants. They’ll help to increase neuroplasticity which allows your brain to make new connections or, in other words, keep learning. ____18____ Not only do seeds and nuts offer antioxidants—vitamin E, which helps to protect the brain as you age, specifically—but they contain omega-3 fatty acids as well. Fatty fish Fatty fish are a great source of omega-3s. These healthy unsaturated fats help in the long-term especially. They lead to lower beta-amyloid levels in the blood. This means that the clumps that damage the brain which leads to Alzheimer’s disease has been decreased. ____19____. So, with foods like these, you’ll find your study session to be much more productive. ____20____, try to make them a regular diet. One bag of sunflower seeds isn’t going to protect your brain on its own. A. Seeds and nuts B. Here we break down what foods are best for the brain C. While this is good for the brain, it also helps heart health D. If you want to achieve the long-term effects these foods offer E. To get the most out of this food, you’re going to want to eat fish about twice a week F. This makes it not only a short-term focus boost through increased blood flow in the brain G. Some studies have shown that positive people who laugh often have increased life expectation 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 On a hot afternoon Rhiannon was driving her old van down the highway. As she ____21____ her window to let in some fresh air, her car registration paper blew off the sun visor (防晒板) and onto the floor inside. When leaning down to ____22____ it, she accidentally drifted into oncoming traffic. In panic, she over-corrected and pulled the ____23____ sharply in the other direction. ____24____, the van rolled over three times, and Rhiannon was thrown onto the road, lying in the middle of the road and bleeding, nearly ____25____. A medical student witnessed the accident and came to her ____26____. He covered Rhiannon with his coat and gave her emergency first aid, including ____27____ the wound on her left arm before the ambulance arrived. ____28____, Rhiannon was rushed to a hospital where an emergency room doctor spent hours ____29____ all the pieces of windshield (挡风玻璃) from her arm, and gave her three dozen stitches (缝针). Luckily, Rhiannon was saved. Not for the bandage, she would not have ____30____long enough for the emergency personnel to arrive. Though Rhiannon didn’t know him, she was grateful to the medical student who saved her life. So she ____31____ the words online, “It’s a pity that I don’t know your name. If you happen to see or hear this story and recognize yourself, thank you for your kind ____32____.” Rhiannon also had a message for the other ____33____ heroes, “Please consider this a pay-it-forward letter of ____34____— a letter from the ____35____ you helped who, for whatever reason, couldn’t thank you themselves.” 21. A. rolled down B. broke off C. turned down D. switched off 22. A. stick B. grab C. touch D. possess 23. A. handle B. engine C. window D. wheel 24. A. Consequently B. Automatically C. Frequently D. Slowly 25. A. awake B. astonished C. unconscious D. crazy 26. A. vision B. action C. rescue D. mind 27. A. bandaging B. curing C. pressing D. uncovering 28. A. Without delay B. Out of sympathy C. For certainty D. In despair 29. A. tidying B. removing C. collecting D. checking 30. A. suffered B. struggled C. stayed D. survived 31. A. searched B. browsed C. received D. posted 32. A. guidance B. gesture C. expression D. encouragement 33. A. tireless B. faultless C. nameless D. speechless 34. A. apology B. application C. invitation D. appreciation 35. A. peers B. strangers C. relatives D. fellows 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。 During the Spring and Autumn Period (770 — 476 BC), there was a musician, _____36_____ lived alone in a forest where he played the guqin, and his name was Yu Boya. One day, a passing woodcutter _____37_____(name) Zhong Ziqi was intrigued (陶醉于) by the sounds of the musical instrument, and Mr. Zhong Ziqi _____38_____(he) listened with full attention. Yu _____39_____(sincere) played the guqin, causing various pictures in Zhong’s imagination, such as flowing clouds and plunging waterfalls. Such was the _____40_____(connect) between performing and listening. They became bosom friends (挚友). After many years, when the woodcutter died, Yu decided _____41_____(smash) his instrument and never to play again since he was sure that he would never again have someone like Zhong to so intuitively understand his music. Indeed, the guqin — the favored instrument of Confucius — was _____42_____ essential musical instrument of ancient China’s educated elite (精英). It _____43_____(add) to the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO in 2008. In April, when President Xi Jinping _____44_____(meet) with French President Emmanuel Macron, a classic guqin piece, High Mountain and Flowing Water, was played to celebrate the friendship and mutual understanding ______45______ the two countries. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分 15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校将举行一次讲座，主题为：《中国山水画Chinese Landscape Painting》，请你写一封英文电子邮件邀请你的外教David一同参加。 内容包括：1. 讲座的内容、意义； 2. 讲座的时间、地点。 注意：写作词数应80词左右。 Dear David, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was a cold yet sunny Sunday morning in February. Mom’s New Year’s resolution had been to get fit. Dad pushed her out of bed and told her to go jogging by the river. Later, he went downstairs and found the kids watching TV. He turned it off and said he was going to do something really special for Mom’s birthday. If overhearing anything, they just promised to keep it secret. Jenny looked at Dad with a puzzled expression on her forehead and promised they wouldn’t say anything whatever happened. But Jenny reminded Mom’s birthday was in June and it might be a little too early to get all steamed up (非常激动) about it. Silent for a moment Dad said he was not getting everything ready but just wanted to spare enough time for preparation as this year it’s a bigger deal than usual. She was going to be 50. “50! Gosh, that’s half a century,” spluttered Gerry, “but I didn’t realize she was ancient!” Indeed, that was why Dad started planning a special party for her. Dad talked with grandma about the plan because her house was the only one in the family that is spacious enough for all friends and relatives. Grandma quite agreed and also started preparing. “But you know how Mom feels guilty to bother others. You’ve got to admit,” reminded Jenny. Thinking over the special occasion, Dad was continuing with the secret when one evening, Mom was sitting at the dinner table and she suddenly slapped her forehead, “I just realized that I am going to be 50 in June. Let’s just quietly forget about it. I want to mourn (哀悼) the passing of my youth in private.” “Oh, come on, Mom, don’t be such a spoil-sport!” begged the kids, hoping to give Dad a hand. Realizing no more chance to hide the secret, Dad carefully worded his thought and shared his plan of having a little party at grandma’s house. Mom was stunned (震惊的) to no reply. 注意： 1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。 Paragraph 1: Discouraged, Dad told grandma what happened. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: June finally came, and they got everything ready as planned. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 师宗平高学校高二年级2024学年春季学期县统测 英语模拟试题卷 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 考试时间为120分钟，满分150分 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What did Ryan do yesterday? A. He watched football. B. He did some exercise. C. He went to the doctor. 2. What are the speakers doing? A. Cooking dinner. B. Preparing for a party. C. Eating out in a restaurant. 3. What does the woman ask the man to do for her? A. Take a photo. B. Fix a camera. C. Print a picture. 4. What will the speakers do next? A. Go back to their home. B. Visit the woman’s friend. C. Return to the supermarket. 5 What is the weather like now? A. It’s raining. B. It’s cloudy. C. It’s sunny. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后2至4个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7题。 6. What happened to the woman’s flight? A. It failed to take off on time. B. It was called off without notice. C. It arrived about two hours earlier. 7. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a restaurant. B. On a plane. C. At the airport. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10题。 8. Where does the man enjoy getting his news from? A. The TV. B. The radio. C. The Internet. 9. What type of news does the man like? A. Art news. B. Sports news. C. Business news. 10. What is the man’s attitude towards the news programs on TV? A. Favorable. B. Casual. C. Unfavorable. 听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13题。 11. Why does the woman make the phone call? A. To complain about hotel service. B. To arrange an important meeting. C. To order a full English breakfast. 12. How does the man sound? A. Sorry. B. Worried. C. Painful. 13. What will the man probably do next? A. Eat his breakfast. B. Go to the kitchen. C. Wait by the phone. 听下面一段对话，回答第14第17题。 14. Why did Maria go to the Oxford Street? A. To meet Jason. B. To watch a play. C. To do some shopping. 15. What does Susan Hill do? A. She’s an actress. B. She’s a street artist. C. She’s a salesperson. 16. What did Susan Hill give Maria? A. A ring. B. A ticket. C. A £50 note. 17. What will Jason probably do? A. Go with Maria. B. See his friends. C. Host a dinner. 听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20题。 18. When will the team return from Costa Rica? A. April 6. B. July 10. C. July 20. 19. Where will the team go to do the second project? A. The national parks. B. The city of San José. C. The east of Costa Rica. 20. What will the team do in the final project? A. Plant trees. B. Feed birds. C. Train animals. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） A Museums With Special Programs for Special Needs Children Children’s museums are wonderful places for families to bond. For children with special needs, however, outings can be difficult. Luckily, more and more museums are reaching out to children with special needs. Please Touch Museum Popular in Philadelphia, the Please Touch Museum’s “Play Without Boundaries” event is for special needs children, and they can dress up as an astronaut in Space Station. Boston Children’s Museum At Boston Children’s Museum, children with special needs and their families will find the museum is accessible. A limited number of wheelchairs (child and adult size), sound-reducing ear muffs, and amplified listening devices for KidStage Theater performance are available for free. Chicago Children’s Museum The Chicago Children’s Museum is a standout when it comes to events for special needs children. The museum’s “Play for All” events, held the second Saturday of each month, invite families and children with disabilities to the museum an hour prior to the usual opening. Pre-registration is required and the first 250 visitors receive free admission. Miani Children’s Museum One Saturday each month, the Miami Children’s Museum closes to the general public and children can participate in creative actings and imaginative play while practising social interaction, communication skills and self-expression in a relaxing environment. 1. How many museums are mentioned in this AD? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 2. Where will the children go if they are interested in exploring space? A. Miami. B. Chicago. C. Boston. D. Philadelphia. 3. What do we know about Boston Children’s Museum? A. It provides listening tools for free. B. It serves visitors with enough wheelchairs. C It has a 16-page booklet with photographs. D. It closes to the general public on weekends. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。现在越来越多的博物馆开始向有特殊需要的儿童伸出援手，文章介绍了四家条件优越的特殊需要儿童友好型博物馆。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据小标题“Please Touch Museum(请触摸博物馆)”、“Boston Children’s Museum(波士顿儿童博物馆)”、“Chicago Children’s Museum(芝加哥儿童博物馆)”和“Miani Children’s Museum(迈阿密儿童博物馆)”可知，这篇广告中提到了四家博物馆。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Please Touch Museum部分中的“Popular in Philadelphia, the Please Touch Museum’s “Play Without Boundaries” event is for special needs children, and they can dress up as an astronaut in Space Station.(在费城很受欢迎的“请触摸博物馆”的“无边界游戏”活动是为有特殊需要的孩子们举办的，他们可以打扮成太空站的宇航员。)”可知，对探索太空感兴趣的孩子可以去费城的“请触摸博物馆”。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Boston Children’s Museum部分中的“A limited number of wheelchairs (child and adult size), sound-reducing ear muffs, and amplified listening devices for KidStage Theater performance are available for free.(免费提供数量有限的轮椅（儿童和成人尺寸），减少声音的耳罩和KidStage剧院表演的扩音设备。)”可知，波士顿儿童博物馆提供免费的听力工具。故选A。 B Land of Love and Peace Xia Hong has been living in Tashikurgan Tajik autonomous county in the southwest of Xinjiang for the past six years. Her love for the cold and remote county comes from her unforgettable trips to the Tajik villages. People’s kindness and hospitality (好客) left the deepest impression on her mind. After she moved there, Xia opened a café. She mixes her coffee with local produce for fresh tastes and also gives her concoctions (混合物) lovely names for a lasting impression. “The juice lends the coffee a color, similar to what the sky looks like from the Pamir Plateau (帕米尔高原),” she explains. Besides managing her café, Xia loves traveling around the county, reading books, holding parties for friends and posting articles and videos online to share her experiences. Xia finds the leisurely lifestyle peaceful. “Sometimes, I just sit outside the café and look at the mountains or clouds. The feeling is so good to be so close to nature,” she says. Xia hopes that her cafe and its special drinks become part of “unforgettable memories” of travelers who visit the county. 4. What impressed Xia Hong most about her trip to the Tajik village? A. The Pamir Plateau. B. The friendly people. C. The low temperature. D. The beautiful nights. 5. How does Xia Hong make her coffee impressive? A. By using local produce and special names. B. By making it into a different color. C. By offering it in the early evening only. D. By adding some snow. 6. What does Xia Hong love in the county? A. Picnics with friends there. B. Travelling at home and abroad. C. The feeling of being close to nature. D. The challenge of being alone. 7. What is the text mainly about? A. A beautiful place worth visiting. B. A special café in a village. C. A long trip in Xinjiang. D. A traveler settling in a remote county. 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. C 7. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要是讲夏红在去塔吉克村庄旅行之后定居在塔什库尔干塔吉克自治县生活了六年的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“People’s kindness and hospitality (好客) left the deepest impression on her mind.(人们的善良和好客给她留下了最深的印象。)”可知，夏红的塔吉克村之行给她印象最深的是友好的人们。故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“After she moved there, Xia opened a café. She mixes her coffee with local produce for fresh tastes and also gives her concoctions (混合物) lovely names for a lasting impression.(搬到那里后，夏开了一家咖啡馆。她把咖啡和当地的农产品混合在一起，以获得新鲜的味道，并给她的混合物起了可爱的名字，给人留下了持久的印象。)”可知，夏红通过使用当地的农产品和特殊的名字让她的咖啡给人留下深刻印象。故选A。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句中的“Sometimes, I just sit outside the café and look at the mountains or clouds. The feeling is so good to be so close to nature(有时，我只是坐在咖啡馆外面，看看山或云。如此接近大自然的感觉真好。)”可知，夏红在县里喜欢接近大自然的感觉。故选C。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段前两句“Xia Hong has been living in Tashikurgan Tajik autonomous county in the southwest of Xinjiang for the past six years. Her love for the cold and remote county comes from her unforgettable trips to the Tajik villages.(夏红在新疆西南部的塔什库尔干塔吉克自治县生活了六年。她对这个寒冷而偏远的县的热爱来自于她对塔吉克村庄的难忘旅行。)”可知，文章主要是讲夏红在去塔吉克村庄旅行之后定居在塔什库尔干塔吉克自治县生活了六年的故事。故选D。 C If a pancake could dream, it might long for legs so it could jump off your breakfast plate in pursuit of a better, unchewed life. But legs aren’t necessary for something as flat as a pancake to jump around. A group of scientists have designed a pancake-shaped robot that can jump several times per second and higher than seven times its body height. The new robot named Hop, which swiftly jumps without feet, is an important contribution to the soft robotics. Many ground robots move by rolling or walking. But it’s more efficient for robots to jump over obstacles than to go around them. Although jumping can offer some robots a competitive edge, engineering that ability has been a challenge for robotics researchers. Some soft robots that store energy can perform a single impressive jump very infrequently. Some lightweight soft robots that don’t store energy can jump frequently but can’t jump high or far enough to successfully cross an obstacle. For inspiration, the researchers looked to gall midge larvae (瘿蚊幼虫) that miraculously throw themselves across distances 30 times as long as their loglike bodies. A gall midge larva bends its body and squeezes the liquid in its body to one end, making it rigid. The accumulation of liquid builds up pressure, and releasing the pressure sends it soaring. The robot’s body doesn’t resemble that of a gall midge larva, but it jumps like one. Its body is made of two small plastic bags printed with electrodes (电极); the front bag is filled with liquid and the back one is filled with the same volume of air. The robot uses electricity to drive the flow of liquid, which causes the body to bend and generate force with the ground, resulting in a jump. And the air bag imitates the function of an animal’s tail, helping the robot maintain a stable position. While the robot is currently restricted to Earth, it might be right at home exploring another planet. If this is true, the researchers’ robot might jump over dust y rocks and large holes on the moon or Mars, going where no pancake has gone before. 8. What does the author want to show by mentioning a pancake? A. A pancake’s dream to have legs is unrealistic. B. A robot is capable of serving a good pancake. C. A pancake-shaped robot can jump without legs. D. Research on pancakes advances our understanding of robots. 9. What difficultly do robotics researchers have in developing Hop according to Paragraph 2? A. Hop’s avoiding an obstacle. B. Hop’s moving around by rolling. C. Hop’s performing one remarkable jump. D. Hop’s jumping high and far continuously. 10. What inspiration do the researchers draw from gall midge larvae? A. They are shaped like logs. B. They have tails to change positions. C. They bend their bodies and increase force. D. They are filled with liquid and have rigid bodies. 11. What is the author’s attitude to the future of the new robot? A. Intolerant. B. Positive. C. Doubtful. D. Unclear. 【答案】8. C 9. D 10. C 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了扁平无腿机器人的原理、优点及前景。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“But legs aren’t necessary for something as flat as a pancake to jump around. A group of scientists have designed a pancake-shaped robot that can jump several times per second and higher than seven times its body height. The new robot named Hop, which swiftly jumps without feet, is an important contribution to the soft robotics. (但是，像煎饼一样扁平的东西不需要腿来跳来跳去。一组科学家设计了一种煎饼形状的机器人，它每秒可以跳几次，比身体高度的七倍还高。这款名为Hop的新型机器人，无需双脚即可快速跳跃，是对软机器人技术的重要贡献)”可知，作者提到煎饼的目的是引出可以跳跃的煎饼形状的机器人。故选C。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Some soft robots that store energy can perform a single impressive jump very infrequently. Some lightweight soft robots that don’t store energy can jump frequently but can’t jump high or far enough to successfully cross an obstacle.(一些储存能量的软机器人很少能完成一次令人印象深刻的跳跃。一些不储存能量的轻型软体机器人可以频繁跳跃，但跳得不够高或远，无法成功越过障碍物)”可知，研究者研发Hop的难点在于如何使机器人能持续跳跃且跳得又高又远。故选D。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“A gall midge larva bends its body and squeezes the liquid in its body to one end, making it rigid. The accumulation of liquid builds up pressure, and releasing the pressure sends it soaring.(瘿蚊幼虫弯曲身体，将体内的液体挤压到一端，使其变得坚硬。液体的积聚会积聚压力，释放压力会使其升高)”可知，瘿蚊幼虫通过弯曲身体，挤压液体，积聚压力然后释放来跳跃。故选C。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“While the robot is currently restricted to Earth, it might be right at home exploring another planet. If this is true, the researchers’ robot might jump over dust y rocks and large holes on the moon or Mars, going where no pancake has gone before.(虽然机器人目前仅限于地球，但它可能就在家里探索另一个星球。如果这是真的，研究人员的机器人可能会跳过月球或火星上尘土飞扬的岩石和大洞，前往以前没有煎饼的地方)”可推知，作者认为新型机器人可能帮助前往更多地方，对其未来持有积极的态度。故选B。 D ChatGPT appears to have better “bedside manners” than some doctors — at least when their written advice is rated for quality and empathy (同理心), a study has shown. The study, published in the journal JAMA Internal Medicine, used data from social news website Reddit’s Ask Docs forum, in which members can post medical questions answered by verified healthcare professionals. The team randomly sampled 195 exchanges from Ask Docs where a verified doctor responded to a public question. The original questions were then posed to the AI language model ChatGPT, which was asked to respond. Finally, a panel of three licensed healthcare professionals, who did not know whether the response came from a human physician or ChatGPT, rated the answers for quality and empathy. Overall, the panel preferred ChatGPT’s responses to those given by a human 79 percent of the time. ChatGPT responses were also rated good or very good quality 79 percent of the time, compared with 22 percent of doctors’ responses, and 45 percent of the ChatGPT answers were rated empathic or very empathic compared with just 5 percent of doctors’ replies. Christopher Longhurst, of UC San Diego Health, said: “These results suggest that tools like ChatGPT can efficiently draft high-quality, personalized medical advice for review by clinicians, and we are beginning that process at UCSD Health.” Professor James Davenport, of the University of Bath, who was not involved in the research, said: “The paper does not say that ChatGPT can replace doctors, but does, quite reasonably, call for further research into whether and how ChatGPT can assist physicians in response generation.” Some noted that, given ChatGPT was specifically designed to be likable, it was not surprising that it wrote texts that came across as empathic. It also tended to give longer, chattier answers than human doctors, which could have played a role in its higher ratings. Others cautioned against relying on language models for factual information due to their tendency to generate made-up “facts”. 12. What does paragraph 2 mainly discuss about the study? A. The general outline. B. The statistical analysis. C. The theoretical basis. D. The data sources. 13. What is the percentage difference in empathy ratings between doctors’ responses and ChatGPTs responses? A 17 percent. B. 40 percent. C. 57 percent. D. 74 percent. 14. What’s Professor Davenport’s view regarding the paper’s proposal for additional investigation into ChatGPTs support for physicians? A. Indifferent. B. Objective. C. Concerned. D. Disapproving. 15. What concern was raised about using ChatGPT? A. Its responses might be one-sided. B. It has limited factual knowledge. C. It can produce incorrect content. D. It is unable to offer high-quality advice. 【答案】12. A 13. B 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。一项研究表明，ChatGPT似乎比一些医生有更好的“对病人的态度”——至少在他们的书面建议的质量和同理心方面是这样。文章对此进行了介绍。 【12题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“The study, published in the journal JAMA Internal Medicine, used data from social news website Reddit’s Ask Docs forum, in which members can post medical questions answered by verified healthcare professionals. The team randomly sampled 195 exchanges from Ask Docs where a verified doctor responded to a public question. The original questions were then posed to the AI language model ChatGPT, which was asked to respond. Finally, a panel of three licensed healthcare professionals, who did not know whether the response came from a human physician or ChatGPT, rated the answers for quality and empathy.(这项发表在《美国医学会内科杂志》上的研究使用了社交新闻网站Reddit的Ask Docs论坛的数据，在这个论坛上，会员可以发布由经过验证的医疗专业人员回答的医疗问题。研究小组从Ask Docs中随机抽取了195个经过认证的医生对公众问题的回答。最初的问题随后被提交给人工智能语言模型ChatGPT，它被要求做出回应。最后，一个由三名有执照的医疗保健专业人员组成的小组，他们不知道这些回答是来自人类医生还是ChatGPT，他们对答案的质量和同理心进行了评分。)”可知，第2段主要讨论了这项研究的总体框架，即这项研究的大体研究方法和过程。故选A。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“ChatGPT responses were also rated good or very good quality 79 percent of the time, compared with 22 percent of doctors’ responses, and 45 percent of the ChatGPT answers were rated empathic or very empathic compared with just 5 percent of doctors’ replies.(ChatGPT的回答有79%被评为“好”或“非常好”，而医生回答的这一比例为22%；45%的ChatGPT回答被评为“同情”或“非常同情”，而医生的回答只有5%。)”可知，医生的回答和ChatGPTs的回答在共情评分上的百分比差异是40%。故选B。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“Professor James Davenport, of the University of Bath, who was not involved in the research, said: “The paper does not say that ChatGPT can replace doctors, but does, quite reasonably, call for further research into whether and how ChatGPT can assist physicians in response generation.”(巴斯大学的詹姆斯·达文波特教授没有参与这项研究，他说：“这篇论文并没有说ChatGPT可以取代医生，但是，呼吁进一步研究ChatGPT是否以及如何帮助医生产生回答是相当合理的。”)”可知，达文波特教授对论文中关于进一步调查ChatGPTs对医生的支持的建议持客观态度。故选B。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“Others cautioned against relying on language models for factual information due to their tendency to generate made-up “facts”.(其他人则告诫不要依赖语言模型来获取事实信息，因为它们倾向于产生虚构的“事实”。)”可知，使用ChatGPT的顾虑是它会产生虚假内容。故选C。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） The Best Foods for Your Brain The brain is an organ just like any other—it needs the right nutrients to function properly and there are certain foods that can support brain function and help make studying easier. ____16____. Dark chocolate Dark chocolate is bitter chocolate compared to milk chocolate. It uses cacao as its main ingredient. Dark chocolate promotes the development of both neurons and blood vessels (血管). ____17____, but also its neuroprotective (神经保护) properties help to increase memory and make learning easier over time. Berries A lot of the benefits of berries come from antioxidants. They’ll help to increase neuroplasticity which allows your brain to make new connections or, in other words, keep learning. ____18____ Not only do seeds and nuts offer antioxidants—vitamin E, which helps to protect the brain as you age, specifically—but they contain omega-3 fatty acids as well. Fatty fish Fatty fish are a great source of omega-3s. These healthy unsaturated fats help in the long-term especially. They lead to lower beta-amyloid levels in the blood. This means that the clumps that damage the brain which leads to Alzheimer’s disease has been decreased. ____19____. So, with foods like these, you’ll find your study session to be much more productive. ____20____, try to make them a regular diet. One bag of sunflower seeds isn’t going to protect your brain on its own. A. Seeds and nuts B. Here we break down what foods are best for the brain C. While this is good for the brain, it also helps heart health D. If you want to achieve the long-term effects these foods offer E. To get the most out of this food, you’re going to want to eat fish about twice a week F. This makes it not only a short-term focus boost through increased blood flow in the brain G. Some studies have shown that positive people who laugh often have increased life expectation 【答案】16. B 17. F 18. A 19. C 20. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲一些对大脑有好处的食物。 【16题详解】 由上文“The brain is an organ just like any other—it needs the right nutrients to function properly and there are certain foods that can support brain function and help make studying easier. (大脑和其他器官一样，也是一个器官——它需要正确的营养才能正常工作，而且有些食物可以支持大脑功能，帮助学习变得更容易。)”可知，这里主要讲食物可以支持大脑功能。而B项Here we break down what foods are best for the brain(在这里，我们来分析一下什么食物对大脑最好)符合语境，其中foods are best for the brain和上文 foods that can support brain function对应，有承上作用，而here有启下作用。故选B项。 【17题详解】 由下文“but also its neuroprotective (神经保护) properties help to increase memory and make learning easier over time.(而且它的神经保护特性有助于增加记忆力，并随着时间的推移使学习变得更容易。)”可知，这里主要讲黑巧克力有助于增加记忆力，而F项This makes it not only a short-term focus boost through increased blood flow in the brain(这使得它不仅仅是通过增加大脑中的血流量来提高短期注意力)符合语境，其中 not only和下文but also 对应。故选F项。 【18题详解】 由下文“Not only do seeds and nuts offer antioxidants—vitamin E, which helps to protect the brain as you age, specifically—but they contain omega-3 fatty acids as well.(种子和坚果不仅提供抗氧化剂——维生素E，它有助于随着年龄的增长保护大脑——而且它们还含有ω-3脂肪酸。)”可知，这里主要在介绍种子和坚果对大脑的好处。而A项Seeds and nuts(种子和坚果)符合语境，与下文讲解内容对应，有总括作用。故选A项。 【19题详解】 由上文“Fatty fish are a great source of omega-3s. These healthy unsaturated fats help in the long-term especially. They lead to lower beta-amyloid levels in the blood. This means that the clumps that damage the brain which leads to Alzheimer’s disease has been decreased.(富含脂肪的鱼类是ω-3脂肪酸的重要来源。这些健康的不饱和脂肪对长期尤其有益。它们会降低血液中的β淀粉样蛋白水平。这意味着，导致阿尔茨海默病的大脑损伤团块已经减少。)”可知，这段主要讲富含脂肪的鱼类对大脑的好处，而C项While this is good for the brain, it also helps heart health(虽然这对大脑有好处，但也有助于心脏健康)符合语境，其中this指代上文Fatty fish 。故选C项。 【20题详解】 由下文“try to make them a regular diet. (试着让它们成为定期饮食。)”可知，作者这里建议定期吃上述食物，而D项If you want to achieve the long-term effects these foods offer(如果你想达到这些食物的长期效果)符合语境，其中these foods 和下文 them对应。故选D项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 On a hot afternoon Rhiannon was driving her old van down the highway. As she ____21____ her window to let in some fresh air, her car registration paper blew off the sun visor (防晒板) and onto the floor inside. When leaning down to ____22____ it, she accidentally drifted into oncoming traffic. In panic, she over-corrected and pulled the ____23____ sharply in the other direction. ____24____, the van rolled over three times, and Rhiannon was thrown onto the road, lying in the middle of the road and bleeding, nearly ____25____. A medical student witnessed the accident and came to her ____26____. He covered Rhiannon with his coat and gave her emergency first aid, including ____27____ the wound on her left arm before the ambulance arrived. ____28____, Rhiannon was rushed to a hospital where an emergency room doctor spent hours ____29____ all the pieces of windshield (挡风玻璃) from her arm, and gave her three dozen stitches (缝针). Luckily, Rhiannon was saved. Not for the bandage, she would not have ____30____long enough for the emergency personnel to arrive. Though Rhiannon didn’t know him, she was grateful to the medical student who saved her life. So she ____31____ the words online, “It’s a pity that I don’t know your name. If you happen to see or hear this story and recognize yourself, thank you for your kind ____32____.” Rhiannon also had a message for the other ____33____ heroes, “Please consider this a pay-it-forward letter of ____34____— a letter from the ____35____ you helped who, for whatever reason, couldn’t thank you themselves.” 21. A. rolled down B. broke off C. turned down D. switched off 22. A. stick B. grab C. touch D. possess 23. A. handle B. engine C. window D. wheel 24. A. Consequently B. Automatically C. Frequently D. Slowly 25. A. awake B. astonished C. unconscious D. crazy 26. A. vision B. action C. rescue D. mind 27. A. bandaging B. curing C. pressing D. uncovering 28. A. Without delay B. Out of sympathy C. For certainty D. In despair 29. A. tidying B. removing C. collecting D. checking 30. A. suffered B. struggled C. stayed D. survived 31. A. searched B. browsed C. received D. posted 32. A. guidance B. gesture C. expression D. encouragement 33. A. tireless B. faultless C. nameless D. speechless 34. A. apology B. application C. invitation D. appreciation 35. A. peers B. strangers C. relatives D. fellows 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. C 27. A 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. D 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了Rhiannon在高速公路上开车时遭遇了一场事故，随后被一名医学生救助，之后Rhiannon在网上对救援者表达了感激之情。 【21题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当她摇下车窗让新鲜空气进来时，她的汽车登记纸从遮阳板上吹到了里面的地板上。A. rolled down摇下；B. broke off中断；C. turned down拒绝；D. switched off关闭。根据前文“Rhiannon was driving her old van”以及后文“to let in some fresh air”可知，她在开车，要让新鲜空气进来，应是摇下车窗。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她弯下腰去抓它时，她不小心撞到了迎面而来的车辆上。A. stick粘贴；B. grab抓住；C. touch触摸；D. possess具有。根据前文“her car registration paper blew off the sun visor (防晒板) and onto the floor inside.”可知，她的汽车登记纸从遮阳板上吹到了里面的地板上，所以应是弯下腰去抓它。故选B项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：慌乱中，她矫枉过正，朝另一个方向猛打方向盘。A. handle手柄；B. engine发动机；C. window窗口；D. wheel方向盘。根据前文“she accidentally drifted into oncoming traffic”以及“In panic”可知，她不小心撞到了迎面而来的车辆，她很慌乱，结合实际，应是猛打方向盘。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：结果，面包车翻了三次，Rhiannon被扔到路上，躺在路中间流血，几乎失去知觉。A. Consequently因此；B. Automatically自动地；C. Frequently经常；D. Slowly慢速地。根据后文“the van rolled over three times, and Rhiannon was thrown onto the road”可知，此处应是她猛打方向盘的结果。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：结果，面包车翻了三次，Rhiannon被扔到路上，躺在路中间流血，几乎失去知觉。A. awake醒着；B. astonished吃惊；C. unconscious无意识；D. crazy疯狂的。根据前文“the van rolled over three times, and Rhiannon was thrown onto the road, lying in the middle of the road and bleeding”可知，Rhiannon发生了很严重的车祸，应是几乎失去知觉。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一名医学生目睹了这次事故，并赶来救了她。A. vision视力；B. action行动；C. rescue救援；D. mind大脑。根据后文“He covered Rhiannon with his coat and gave her emergency first aid”可知，这名医学生在救Rhiannon。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他用自己的外套盖住了Rhiannon，并对她进行了紧急急救，包括在救护车到来之前包扎她左臂的伤口。A. bandaging用绷带包扎；B. curing治愈；C. pressing按；D. uncovering发现。根据前文“He covered Rhiannon with his coat and gave her emergency first aid”以及后文“the wound on her left arm”可知，这名医学生对Rhiannon进行了紧急急救，所以此处应是包扎她左臂的伤口。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：Rhiannon立即被送往医院，一位急诊室医生花了几个小时从她的手臂上取出所有挡风玻璃碎片，并给她缝了36针。A. Without delay立即；B. Out of sympathy出于同情；C. For certainty无疑地；D. In despair失望地。根据后文“Rhiannon was rushed to a hospital”可知，Rhiannon发生了严重车祸，所以应是立即被送往医院。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Rhiannon立即被送往医院，一位急诊室医生花了几个小时从她的手臂上取出所有挡风玻璃碎片，并给她缝了36针。A. tidying整理；B. removing去除；C. collecting收集；D. checking检查。根据后文“all the pieces of windshield (挡风玻璃) from her arm”可知，应是从她的手臂上取出所有挡风玻璃碎片，符合语境。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果没有绷带，她不可能活到急救人员赶到。A. suffered遭受；B. struggled斗争；C. stayed保持；D. survived存活。根据前文“Not for the bandage”以及后文“long enough for the emergency personnel to arrive.”可知，此处表达“如果没有绷带，她不可能活到急救人员赶到”之意。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：于是她在网上发帖说：“很遗憾我不知道你的名字。如果你碰巧看到或听到这个故事，并认出了自己，谢谢你善意的举动。”A. searched搜索；B. browsed浏览；C. received收到；D. posted发布。根据后文“the words online”可知，在网上，应是发帖说。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：于是她在网上发帖说：“很遗憾我不知道你的名字。如果你碰巧看到或听到这个故事，并认出了自己，谢谢你善意的举动。”A. guidance指导；B. gesture姿态、表示；C. expression表达；D. encouragement鼓励。根据前文“A medical student witnessed the accident and came to her 　　　　6　　　　.”可知，这名医学生救了她，所以是感谢他的善意行为，kind gesture意为“善意的举动”。故选B项。 33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Rhiannon还对其他无名英雄说了一句话：“请把这封感谢信看作是对你的感谢——一封来自你帮助过的陌生人的感谢信，不管出于什么原因，他们自己都无法感谢你。”A. tireless不知疲倦的；B. faultless完美无缺的；C. nameless无名的；D. speechless说不出话的。根据前文“It’s a pity that I don’t know your name.”可知，Rhiannon不知道谁帮助了自己，要感谢的是无名英雄。故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Rhiannon还对其他无名英雄说了一句话：“请把这封感谢信看作是对你的感谢——一封来自你帮助过的陌生人的感谢信，不管出于什么原因，他们自己都无法感谢你。”A. apology道歉；B. application应用；C. invitation邀请；D. appreciation感谢。根据后文“for whatever reason, couldn’t thank you themselves”可知，这是一封感谢信。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Rhiannon还对其他无名英雄说了一句话：“请把这封感谢信看作是对你的感谢——一封来自你帮助过的陌生人的感谢信，不管出于什么原因，他们自己都无法感谢你。”A. peers同辈；B. strangers陌生人；C. relatives亲属；D. fellows同事。根据前文“Rhiannon also had a message for the other 　　　　13　　　　 heroes”可知，这给无名英雄的信，因为不知道彼此的名字，所以是一封来自你帮助过的陌生人的感谢信。故选B项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。 During the Spring and Autumn Period (770 — 476 BC), there was a musician, _____36_____ lived alone in a forest where he played the guqin, and his name was Yu Boya. One day, a passing woodcutter _____37_____(name) Zhong Ziqi was intrigued (陶醉于) by the sounds of the musical instrument, and Mr. Zhong Ziqi _____38_____(he) listened with full attention. Yu _____39_____(sincere) played the guqin, causing various pictures in Zhong’s imagination, such as flowing clouds and plunging waterfalls. Such was the _____40_____(connect) between performing and listening. They became bosom friends (挚友). After many years, when the woodcutter died, Yu decided _____41_____(smash) his instrument and never to play again since he was sure that he would never again have someone like Zhong to so intuitively understand his music. Indeed, the guqin — the favored instrument of Confucius — was _____42_____ essential musical instrument of ancient China’s educated elite (精英). It _____43_____(add) to the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO in 2008. In April, when President Xi Jinping _____44_____(meet) with French President Emmanuel Macron, a classic guqin piece, High Mountain and Flowing Water, was played to celebrate the friendship and mutual understanding ______45______ the two countries. 【答案】36. who 37. named 38. himself 39. sincerely 40. connection 41. to smash 42. an 43. was added 44. met 45. between 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了古琴背后俞伯牙和钟子期之间的故事，以及其文化价值。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在春秋时期（公元前770年—公元前476年），有一个音乐家，他独自住在山林里弹古琴，他的名字叫俞伯牙。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词musician作补充说明，先行词指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who作引导词。故填who。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在春秋时期（公元前770年—公元前476年），有一个音乐家，他独自住在山林里弹古琴，他的名字叫俞伯牙。分析句子可知，空处作woodcutter的后置定语，是非谓语动词，name和woodcutter逻辑上是被动关系，且动作当时已完成，应用name的过去分词形式。故填named。 【38题详解】 考查代词。句意：一天，路过的樵夫钟子期对这种乐器的声音很感兴趣，他自己全神贯注地听着。分析句子可知，空处是Mr. Zhong Ziqi的同位语，应用反身代词himself。故填himself。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：俞伯牙真诚地弹奏着古琴，钟子期的想象中产生了各种各样的画面，如流动的云，奔泻的瀑布。分析句子可知，空处作修饰played的状语，应用副词sincerely，意为“真诚地”。故填sincerely。 【40题详解】 考查名词。句意：这就是表演和聆听之间的联系。分析句子可知，空处作表语，空前有the，应用名词connection，意为“联系”，且此处的联系是特指，应用单数形式。故填connection。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：许多年后，当樵夫去世时，俞伯牙决定打碎他的乐器，再也不演奏了，因为他确信再也不会有像钟子期这样凭直觉理解他的音乐的人了。根据“decided”可知，此处用固定短语decide to do sth.，意为“决定做某事”，空处应用smash的不定式形式。故填to smash。 【42题详解】 考查冠词。句意：事实上，古琴——孔子最喜欢的乐器——是古代中国受过教育的精英阶层必不可少的乐器。分析句子可知，空处是泛指，表示“一种”，应用不定冠词，且essential的发音以元音音素开头，应用an。故填an。 【43题详解】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：2008年被联合国教科文组织列入人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，时间状语为in 2008，时态应用一般过去时，add和主语It之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是It，be动词应用was。故填was added。 【44题详解】 考查时态。句意：今年4月，当习近平主席会见法国总统埃马纽埃尔·马克龙时，一首经典的古琴曲《高山流水》被演奏出来庆祝两国之间的友谊和相互了解。分析句子可知，空处作从句的谓语，根据In April可知，时态应用一般过去时，空处应用meet的过去式。故填met。 【45题详解】 考查介词。句意：今年4月，当习近平主席会见法国总统埃马纽埃尔·马克龙时，一首经典的古琴曲《高山流水》被演奏出来庆祝两国之间的友谊和相互了解。根据“the friendship and mutual understanding”可推知，此处表示“两国之间的友谊和相互了解”，空处应用介词between，意为“在……之间”。故填between。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分 15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校将举行一次讲座，主题为：《中国山水画Chinese Landscape Painting》，请你写一封英文电子邮件邀请你的外教David一同参加。 内容包括：1. 讲座的内容、意义； 2. 讲座的时间、地点。 注意：写作词数应为80词左右。 Dear David, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear David, How are you doing? I am writing to invite you to attend a lecture on Chinese Landscape Painting to be held at our school Firstly, the lecture will cover the importance and significance of Chinese landscape painting in Chinese art and culture, which I believe will be of great interest to you. Besides, the lecture is scheduled to take place on Friday, May 14th, at 2 pm in the school auditorium. All in all, I really hope you can join us for this exciting event and learn more about the beauty and depth of Chinese art. Looking forward to hearing from you soon. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。学校即将举办一次主题为《中国山水画Chinese Landscape Painting》的讲座，要求考生写一封英文电子邮件邀请外教David一同参加。 【详解】1.词汇积累 举办：hold→host 首先：firstly→ first of all 此外：besides → what’s more 希望：hope→expect 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I am writing to invite you to attend a lecture on Chinese Landscape Painting to be held at our school. 拓展句：I am writing to invite you to attend a lecture on Chinese Landscape Painting which will be held at our school. 【点睛】【高分句型1】 Firstly, the lecture will cover the importance and significance of Chinese landscape painting in Chinese art and culture, which I believe will be of great interest to you. （运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】 All in all, I really hope you can join us for this exciting event and learn more about the beauty and depth of Chinese art. （运用了省略that引导的宾语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was a cold yet sunny Sunday morning in February. Mom’s New Year’s resolution had been to get fit. Dad pushed her out of bed and told her to go jogging by the river. Later, he went downstairs and found the kids watching TV. He turned it off and said he was going to do something really special for Mom’s birthday. If overhearing anything, they just promised to keep it secret. Jenny looked at Dad with a puzzled expression on her forehead and promised they wouldn’t say anything whatever happened. But Jenny reminded Mom’s birthday was in June and it might be a little too early to get all steamed up (非常激动) about it. Silent for a moment, Dad said he was not getting everything ready but just wanted to spare enough time for preparation as this year it’s a bigger deal than usual. She was going to be 50. “50! Gosh, that’s half a century,” spluttered Gerry, “but I didn’t realize she was ancient!” Indeed, that was why Dad started planning a special party for her. Dad talked with grandma about the plan because her house was the only one in the family that is spacious enough for all friends and relatives. Grandma quite agreed and also started preparing. “But you know how Mom feels guilty to bother others. You’ve got to admit,” reminded Jenny. Thinking over the special occasion, Dad was continuing with the secret when one evening, Mom was sitting at the dinner table and she suddenly slapped her forehead, “I just realized that I am going to be 50 in June. Let’s just quietly forget about it. I want to mourn (哀悼) the passing of my youth in private.” “Oh, come on, Mom, don’t be such a spoil-sport!” begged the kids, hoping to give Dad a hand. Realizing no more chance to hide the secret, Dad carefully worded his thought and shared his plan of having a little party at grandma’s house. Mom was stunned (震惊的) to no reply. 注意： 1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。 Paragraph 1: Discouraged, Dad told grandma what happened. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: June finally came, and they got everything ready as planned. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Discouraged, Dad told grandma what happened. Sensing Dad’s sorrow, grandma comforted and advised, “Why not just prepare a simple yet special get-together?” Slapped awaken by Dad’ new plan, the two kids both burst into deafening cheers and skipped round and round. Together, they brainstormed a list of ideas when suddenly Jenny murmured, “What’s Mom’s resolution for the new year?” Suddenly, it all clicked and they merrily reached an agreement to plan a secret hiking trip to the hill they once frequented and a family picnic at the top. June finally came, and they got everything ready as planned. That morning, when Mom was about to jog as usual, Dad hurried to tell her about their new plan. Seeing the three in sportswear, Mom realized something, and this time she nodded. All the way, the two kids bounced around, laughing and chatting. She, along with Dad, recalled a lot of sweet memories in their youth. Upon arriving at the top, the three just pitched into the picnic in sheer pleasure. With the cool breeze, Mom gazed at them reflectively and suddenly realized that it’s no longer disturbing to celebrate birthday with the love of family. 【解析】 【导语】本文以事件为线索展开，讲述了妈妈50岁的生日快到了，趁着妈妈出去跑步健身，爸爸告诉孩子们他想早早地开始为生日做特别的事情，并让孩子们保守住这个秘密。爸爸和奶奶商量着借用她的大房子开生日派对，奶奶欣然同意了，并开始准备。但是妈妈却只想把生日忘了，私下悼念逝去的青春，孩子们劝妈妈同意庆祝生日，想帮助爸爸实现计划。爸爸意识到无法再保守秘密，把计划告诉了妈妈，妈妈听到后愣住了。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“爸爸很沮丧，把发生的事告诉了奶奶”可知，第一段可描写奶奶提醒可以改变计划，以及爸爸和孩子们想出新的计划。 ②由第二段首句内容“六月终于来了，他们按计划把一切都准备好了”可知，第二段可描写一家人一起按新计划庆祝妈妈的生日，以及妈妈对庆祝生日的感悟。 2. 续写线索：告知奶奶——奶奶提醒改变计划——爸爸和孩子想出新的计划——生日来临——一家人庆祝生日——妈妈的感悟 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①察觉到：sense/feel/observe ②低声说：murmur/whisper/mutter ③达成一致：reach an agreement/come to an agreement ④意识到：realize/recognize ⑤回忆：recall/recollect/think back to ⑥注视：gaze at/look at/direct one’s gaze towards 情绪类 ①高兴地：merrily/joyfully/cheerfully ②令人不安的：disturbing/worrisome/distressing 【点睛】[高分句型1] That morning, when Mom was about to jog as usual, Dad hurried to tell her about their new plan. (运用了从属连词when引导时间状语从句) [高分句型2] With the cool breeze, Mom gazed at them reflectively and suddenly realized that it’s no longer disturbing to celebrate birthday with the love of family. (运用了连接词that引导的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$