12.2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(北京卷)（含答题卡）-【高考密码】2022-2024三年高考英语真题汇编试卷

2022 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(北京卷) 英语答题卡 姓 名: 准考证号: 贴条形码区 考生 缺考考生由监考员贴条形码,并用2B铅笔填涂下面的缺考标 (正面朝上,请勿贴出虚线方框 禁填 记。 1.答题前,考生将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚,并认真核实对监考员所粘贴的条形码上的准考证号,姓名、考场 和座位号是否准确无误。 出写 2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔将对应题目的答案标号涂黑,修改时用橡皮擦干净,再选择其它答案涂黑。非选择题必 须使用0.5毫米黑色签字笔填写,字体工整,笔迹清楚。 3.请按题号顺序在各题的答题区域内答题,超出答题区域的答案无效,在草稿纸、试题纸上书写的答案无效。 4.保持卡面清洁、完整、严禁折叠,严禁使用涂改液、胶带纸和修正带。 5.正确填涂 第一部分 知识运用(共两节,30分) 1.[A[B][C][D] 4.[A][B][C][D] 7.[A][B][C][D] 10.[AB[CD 2.[A][B][C][D] 5.[A][B][C][D] 8.[A][B][C][D] 6.[A][B][C][D] 3.[A][B[C][D] 9.[AB[CD 11. 12.. 13. 14 15. 16. 17. 18. 1. 20. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,38分) 21.[A][B][C][D] 25.[A[B][C][D] 29. [A][B][C[D] 33.[A][B][C[D] 22.[A][B][C][D] 26.[A][B][C][D 30.[A][B][C][D] 34.[A][B[CrD 23.[A[B[CD] 27.[ABCTD 31.[AB[CD 24.[AB[C[D 28.[AB[CD 32.[A[B[CD 35.[A][B][C][D][E][F][G] 37.[A][B][C][D][E][F][G] 39.[A][B][C][D][E][F][G] 36.[A][B][C][D][E][F][G] 38.[A][B][C][D][E][F][G] 请在各题目的答题区域内作答,超出边框的答案无效 2022·北京卷第6页(共8页) 请在各题目的答题区域内作答,超出边框的答案无效 第三部分 书面表达(共两节,32分) 第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分,第42题3分,第43题5分,共12分) 40. 第二节(20分) Dear Jim, Yours. Li Hua 请在各题目的答题区域内作答,超出边框的答案无效 ■ 2022·北京卷 第7页(共8页)绝密★启用前 2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（北京卷） 英语 本卷满分100分，考试用时90分钟。 第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分） 1.A.caused B.spotted 第一节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分）》 C.checked D.imagined 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 2.A.hesitantly B.randomly A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 C.dizzily D.carefully One Monday morning,while the children 3.A.angry B.absent were enjoying“free play”,I stepped to the C.special D.noisy doorway of the classroom to take a break.Sud- 4.A.courageous B.content denly,I 1 a movement of the heavy wooden C.unable D.unwilling door.This was the very door I 2 guided the 5.A.recover B.play children through to ensure their safety from C.change D.wait the bitter cold.I felt a chill(寒意)go through 6.A.settle B.gather my body. C.arrive D.react My legs carried me to that door,and I 7.A.sneeze B.weep pushed it open.It was one of my kindergarten- C.complaint D.laughter ers who I thought was 3 that day.He had 8.A.lucky B.happy been dropped off at school late and was 4 C.curious D.nervous to open the door. 9.A.show up B.pull up He must have been waiting there for quite C.hold up D.line up 10.A.gratitude B.forgiveness 拟 a while!Without a word,I rushed him to the C.faith D.kindness hospital.He was treated for frostbite on his 第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分） hands.He'd need time to 5,and wouldn't 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未 come for class the next day,I thought. 给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在 The next morning,one of the first to 给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形 6 was my little frostbitten boy.Not only 式填空。 did he run in with energy,but his 7 could A be heard as loud as ever!I gave him a warm 蜜 Helen was walking down the street late hug and told him how 8 I was to see him. 11 the evening,her arms filled with grocery His words have stayed with me all these years, bags.Focused on balancing the bags,she didn't "I knew you would open the door." notice her wallet falling out of her pocket.As That cold Monday morning,he waited a Helen walked on,she heard a man charging to long,long while for adults to 9.To a wards her.Fearful that he might have an inten- child,every minute feels like forever.He didn't tion 12 (harm)her,Helen started to run. attempt to walk back home:he waited and Eventually,the man 13 (catch)up with trusted.This five-year-old taught me a power- her,and he was only trying to return her wal- ful lesson in 10 let! 2022·北京卷第1页（共8页） B Registration in Term 2 will open at 9 am, Why do humans prefer some smells over 21 September 2022 others?One theory,increasingly 14 (sup- Waiting lists port)by experts,suggests that smell prefer- If a session is full,you can register for the ences are learned.It's easy to explain how we waiting list.We will email you if a place be- determine 15 smells are dangerous or not: comes available or if a new session is to be we learn.This has been adopted to ensure easi- held. er detection of gas leaks.Gas naturally 16 When you are placed on a waiting list,we have )no recognisable smell.However,a will email you a number which tells you where strong smell is added so that we can raise the you are on the list.If you are close to the front alarm when we detect the smell associated with of the list,you have a good chance of gaining a danger. 0 place in the programme in the near future. Since people can't always eat out or cook Deregistering for 17 (they),they get takeout or order de- If you miss two PASS sessions in a row, livery.More takeout and more food delivery e- you will be deregistered and your place will be qual more waste,especially plastic waste.That given to someone on the waiting list.Make sure includes cups,bottles,and bags,most of you fill in the attendance sheet at each session 18 are only good for one use.That's a big to record your attendance. problem and it is getting even 19 (bad). You'll be informed by email if you are be- The use of those plastics 20 (increase)by ing deregistered as a result of missing sessions. 300%since 2019.The world won't survive if If you believe you have received the email in er- this situation continues. ror,email the PASS office at passoffice 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分） umbs.edu. 第一节（共14小题：每小题2分，共28分） 21.In PASS,students 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D A.attend new lectures 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 B.decide their own schedules A C.prepare problem sets in groups Peer(同伴)Assisted Study Sessions D.use their skills to solve problems (PASS)is a peer-facilitated learning pro- 22.What can students do if a session is full? gramme available to students enrolled(注册)in A.Fill in the attendance sheet. most core units of study in our business B.Sign up for the waiting list. school. C.Report their needs and feedback. PASS involves weekly sessions where you D.Email the office their numbers on the list. work in groups to tackle specially prepared problem sets,based around a unit of study 23.Students will be deregistered if you're enrolled in. A.they send emails in error PASS doesn't re-teach or deliver new con- B.they fail to work interactively tent.It's an opportunity to deepen your under- C.they give their places to others standing of the key points from lecture materi- D.they miss two sessions in a row als while you are applying your skills to solve B problems. My name is Alice.Early last year,I was You work interactively with your peers. troubled by an anxiety that crippled(削弱)my As a peer group,you decide what is covered in ability to do anything.I felt like a storm cloud each session.That way,PASS directly re- hung over me.For almost a year I struggled sponds to your needs and feedback. on,constantly staring at this wall that faced 2022·北京卷第2页（共8页） me.My perfectionist tendencies were the main 25.How did Grant Brown's presentation influ- root of this:I wanted to be perfect at whatever ence Alice? I did,which obviously in life is not possible,but A.She decided to do something for nature. it consumed me. B.She tasted the sweetness of friendship. One day,I attended a presentation by C.She learned about the harm of desire. wildlife conservationist Grant Brown at my D.She built up her courage to speak up. high school.His presentation not only awed 26.The activities Alice joined in helped her to and inspired me,but also helped emerge an in- become more ner desire to make a difference in the world.I A.intelligent B.confident joined a pre-presentation dinner with him and C.innovative D.critical that smaller setting allowed me to slowly build 27.What can we learn from this passage? up my courage to speak one-on-one with him- A.Practice makes perfect. an idea that had seemed completely impossible. B.Patience is a cure of anxiety. This first contact was where my story began. C.Action is worry's worst enemy. A month later,Brown invited me to attend D.Everything comes to those who wait. the World Youth Wildlife Conference.Looking C back,I now see that this would be the first in a "What would the world be if there were series of timely opportunities that my old self no hunger?"It's a question that Professor would have let pass,but that this new and Crystal would ask her students.They found it more confident Alice enthusiastically seized. hard to answer,she wrote later,because imagi- Shortly after I received his invitation,applica- ning something that isn't part of real life-and tions to join the Youth for Nature and the Youth for Planet groups were sent around learning how to make it real-is a rare skill.It through my high school.I decided to commit to is taught to artists and engineers,but much less often to scientists.Crystal set out to completing the applications,and soon I was a part of a growing global team of young people change that,and helped to create a global working to protect nature.Each of these new movement.The result-an approach known as steps continued to grow my confidence. systems thinking-is now seen as essential in I am writing this just six months since my meeting global challenges. journey began and I've realised that my biggest Systems thinking is crucial to achieving obstacle(障碍)this whole time was myself.It targets such as zero hunger and better nutrition was that voice in the back of my head telling because it requires considering the way in me that one phrase that has stopped so many which food is produced,processed,delivered people from reaching their potential:I can't. and consumed,and looking at how those things They say good things come to those who wait; intersect(交叉)with human health,the envi- I say:grab every opportunity with everything ronment,economics and society.According to you have and be impatient.After all,nature systems thinking,changing the food system- does not require our patience,but our action. or any other network-requires three things to 24.What was the main cause for Alice's anxie- happen.First,researchers need to identify all ty? the players in that system;second,they must A.Her inability to act her age. work out how they relate to each other;and B.Her habit of consumption. third,they need to understand and quantify the C.Her desire to be perfect. impact of those relationships on each other and D.Her lack of inspiration. on those outside the system. 2022·北京卷第3页（共8页） Take nutrition.In the latest UN report on 30.As for systems thinking,which would the global food security,the number of undernour author agree with? ished(营养不良)people in the world has been A.It may be used to justify power imbal- rising,despite great advances in nutrition sci- ance. ence.Tracking of 150 biochemicals in food has B.It can be applied to tackle challenges. been important in revealing the relationships C.It helps to prove why hunger exists. between calories,sugar,fat and the occurrence D.It goes beyond human imagination. of common diseases.But using machine learn- D ing and artificial intelligence,some scientists Quantum(量子)computers have been on propose that human diets consist of at least 26 my mind a lot lately.A friend has been sending 000 biochemicals-and that the vast majority me articles on how quantum computers might help solve some of the biggest challenges we are not known. face as humans.I've also had exchanges with A systems approach to creating change is two quantum-computing experts.One is com- also built on the assumption that everyone in puter scientist Chris Johnson who I see as the system has equal power.But as some re- someone who helps keep the field honest.The searchers find,the food system is not an equal other is physicist Philip Taylor. one.A good way to redress(修正)such power For decades,quantum computing has been imbalance is for more universities to do what little more than a laboratory curiosity.Now, Crystal did and teach students how to think u- big tech companies have invested in quantum sing a systems approach. computing,as have many smaller ones.Accord- More researchers,policymakers and repre-ing to Business Weekly,quantum machines sentatives from the food industry must learn to could help us "cure cancer,and even take steps look beyond their direct lines of responsibility:to turn climate change in the opposite direc- and adopt a systems approach.Crystal knew tion”.This is the sort of hype(炒作)that an that visions alone don't produce results,but noys Johnson.He worries that researchers are concluded that "we'll never produce results making promises they can't keep."What's that we can't envision". new,”Johnson wrote,“is that millions of 28.The author uses the question underlined in dollars are now potentially available to quan- Paragraph 1 to tum computing researchers. A.illustrate an argument As quantum computing attracts more at- B.highlight an opinion tention and funding,researchers may mislead C.introduce the topic investors,journalists,the public and,worst of all,themselves about their work's potential.If D.predict the ending researchers can't keep their promises,excite- 29.What can be inferred about the field of nu- ment might give way to doubt,disappointment trition? and anger,Johnson warns.Lots of other tech- A.The first objective of systems thinking hasn't nologies have gone through stages of excite- been achieved. ment.But something about quantum computing B.The relationships among players have been makes it especially prone to hype,Johnson sug- clarified. gests,perhaps because“‘quantum'stands for C.Machine learning can solve the nutrition something cool you shouldn't be able to under- problem. stand.And that brings me back to Taylor, D.The impact of nutrition cannot be quan- who suggested that I read his book Q for tified. Quantum. 2022·北京卷 第4页（共8页） After I read the book,Taylor patiently an- 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） swered my questions about it.He also an- 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选 swered my questions about PyQuantum,the 出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为 firm he co-founded in 2016.Taylor shares 多余选项。 Johnson's concerns about hype,but he says Health and fitness help a person live a those concerns do not apply to PyQuantum. good and healthy life.Often due to various The company,he says,is closer than any pressures,we tend to ignore our health.35 other firm“by a very large margin(幅度)”to It is the fitness level of our body that helps us building a“useful”quantum computer,one fight these diseases. that "solves an impactful problem that we 36 We need to be fit to have a healthy would not have been able to solve otherwise." body.Similarly,if we are healthy we shall natu- He adds,"People will naturally discount my o- rally be attracted towards maintaining the fit- pinions,but I have spent a lot of time quantita- ness of our body.Health is the state of our tively comparing what we are doing with oth-body at a given time.We may not have any dis- ers.” ease but still have a weak body,which is ready Could PyQuantum really be leading all the to be targeted by viruses.37 This does not competition "by a wide margin",as Taylor definitely mean that we are not healthy.It claims?I don't know.I'm certainly not going means the fitness level is not in accordance with to advise my friend or anyone else to invest in our age and the climatic conditions we live in. quantum computers.But I trust Taylor,just as It is important for everyone to devote I trust Johnson. some time to health and fitness.38 For in- 31.Regarding Johnson's concerns,the author stance,we must exercise daily regardless of our feels age and working style.There are different lev- A.sympathetic B.unconcerned els of exercises for different age groups and we C.doubtful D.excited must do them according to our own health 32.What leads to Taylor's optimism about and age. quantum computing? Additionally,it is important to relax our A.His dominance in physics. body.We should have at least six to eight B.The competition in the field. hours of sleep every day.It helps in improving C.His confidence in PyQuantum. our immune(免疫)system and protects us a D.The investment of tech companies. gainst diseases.39 This,in turn,gives us 33.What does the underlined word“prone”in new goals of health and fitness. Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A.Fitness levels decide the quality of life A.Open. B.Cool. B.Health and fitness are interrelated to each C.Useful. D.Resistant. other. 34.Which would be the best title for the pas- C.It also helps in keeping us calm and relaxes sage? our mind. A.Is Johnson More Competent Than Tay- D.For instance,we may have a tendency to lor? catch a cold easily. B.Is Quantum Computing Redefining Technolo- E.If we keep our body fit,we can enjoy life in a gy? better manner. C.Will Quantum Computers Ever Come in- F.There are some activities which everyone to Being? should do in our life. D.Will Quantum Computing Ever Live Up G.This makes our body suffer and we will catch to Its Hype? some diseases. 2022·北京卷 第5页（共8页） 第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分） 40.What did Tom witness at his own school? 第一节（共4小题：第40、41题各2分，第42题 3分，第43题5分，共12分) 41.Where did Tom get the idea for the original 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答 model for the Fun Bottle? 问题。 Tom,a 15-year-old inventor and entrepre- 42.Please decide which part is false in the fol- neur(创业者)，witnessed at his own school the lowing statement,then underline it and ex- widespread consumption of sugary drinks by plain why. kids.He knew there had to be a better portable Tom is most proud of the opportunities drink solution and decided to innovate from that Fun Bottle presents to others because something he saw in his own home:fruit in- he not only provides healthy alternatives to fused(浸泡)water.. sugary drinks but also donates all the Tom watched his mum make healthy fruit profits to the OHG. infusions but then struggle for a take-along op- tion.From observing his mum and from his de- 43.Among Tom's qualities,which one(s)do sire to give kids better drink options,he came you think will be important for us?Why? up with his original model for the Fun Bottle. (In about 40 words) "I wanted to come up with a healthy,natural way for people to drink when on the go.A big part of my mission is to get people of all ages 第二节(20分) off sugary drinks,"Tom explains. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你打算 The bottle is made with a strainer(滤网) 邀请英国好友Jim为你们班做一次关于英语写 that allows the great tastes and natural sugars 作的线上经验交流。请你用英文给他写一封电 of the various fruits and vegetables you choose 子邮件，内容包括： to come through the water,without any of the (1)建议交流的具体内容及其原因： seeds or skins flowing through. (2)交流时间和其他相关事项。 Tom is proud of his design and excited to 注意：(1)词数100左右： be selling the Fun Bottle on his website and in (2)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 stores,but this 15-year-old is most proud of the Dear Jim, opportunities that Fun Bottle presents to oth- ers.It helps to provide healthy alternatives to sugary drinks;and also Tom donates part of the profits to the Organisation for a Healthier Generation(OHG). Tom has been awarded several prizes,but this teenage innovator remains humble.When asked what advice he'd give other entrepre- neurial youth,he says,"Prepare and have your family's support.It is important to know from the beginning that there are a lot of highs and Yours, lows,and there is no such thing as overnight Li Hua success.” 2022·北京卷第8页（共8页）提纲：开头句：①How are you doing?I'm writing this e-mail 1.B考查动词辨析【解析】根据下文中的“a movement of to invite you to be our guest. the heavy wooden door'”可知，突然，“我”看见沉重的木门 2How have you been these days?I'm writing this e- 动了一下。B项意为“看见，注意到”，符合语境。故选B。 mail to invite you to attend an interview. 2.D考查副词辨析【解析】根据下文中的“to ensure their 文章主体：要点一：①I am in charge of the programme safety from the bitter cold”可知，这正是那扇“我”小心翼 named "Talk and Talk"in our school radio station.Every day 翼地带领孩子们穿过，以确保他们免受严寒侵袋的门。D I invite a guest and we talk about different topics.The guest 项意为“小心地，谨慎地”，符合语境。故选D。 can also show something that he/she is good at. 2"Talk and Talk"is a programme of our school radio 3.B考查形容词辨析【解析】根据下文中的“He had been station and it is a great privilege for me to be the host.Every dropped off at school late'”及语境可知，门外是“我”原以为 day I discuss varieties of topics with an invited guest.Be- 那天没有到校的一个幼儿园小朋友。B项意为“缺席的，不 sides,the guest is welcome to make any performances if he/ 在的”，符合语境。故选B。 she is willing to. 4.C考查形容词辨析【解析】根据下文“He must have 要点二：①Next Monday from6pmto7pm,in the pro- been waiting there for quite a while!”及语境可知，此处表 gramme the topic "English Delicacies"will be discussed.We 示这个小男孩打不开这扇门。C项意为“无法，没有所需技 can meet at the station office at 5 pm if you can join me. 能（或力量，时间、知识等）”，符合语境。故选C。 2Next Monday from 6 pm to 7 pm,the topic "English 5.A考查动词辨析【解析】根据上文“He was treated for Delicacies"is chosen to be talked about.If you are interested frostbite on his hands.”和下文中的“and wouldn't come for in it,we can meet at the station office at 5 pm. class the next day”可知，此处表示他需要时间恢复。A项 结尾句：①Looking forward to your early reply. 2It will be great to receive your reply as soon as possi- 意为“恢复”，符合语境。故选A。 ble. 6.C考查动词辨析【解析】根据下文中的“Not only did he One possible version() run in with energy'”及语境可知，此处表示第二天早上，第 第二节 一批到校的孩子中就有这个冻伤的小男孩。C项意为“到 【写作指导】 达”，符合语境。故选C。 ◆文章主线 7.D考查名词辨析【解析】根据下文中的“could be heard 已知线索： as loud as ever'”及语境可知，此处表示他的笑声依旧响亮。 七所不同学校的学生同时参加一场大型越野跑比赛 D项意为“笑声”，符合语境。故选D。 一作者发现David站在围栏外一David告诉作者自己要 8.B考查形容词辨析【解析】根据语境可知，此处表示 放弃比赛一作者知道了David要放弃比赛的真正原因 “我”告诉他“我”看到他有多么高兴。B项意为“高兴的”， 作者让David自己决定是否要参加比赛 可续写线索： 符合语境。故选B。 作者和David说了什么？David为什么又决定参加比赛 9.A考查动词短语辨析【解析】极据上文中的“for adults'” 了？David在比赛的过程中发生了什么？作者在比赛中和比 及语境可知，在那个寒冷的星期一的早晨，他等了很久很 赛后做了什么？结果如何？ 久，才等到大人的出现。A项意为“出现，露面”，符合语 ◆续写词汇 境。故选A。 续写可能用到的词汇： l0.C考查名词辨析【解析】根据上文中的“he waited and run.smile.event.afraid.laugh at.think of.decide.finish. trusted”可知，小男孩等待着，信任着。这个五岁的小孩 proud,determination... 给“我”上了一堂关于信仰的强有力的课。C项意为“信 One possible version( 任”，符合语境。故选C。 2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 第二节 (北京卷) 体裁：记叙文主题语境：人与自我 第一部分知识运用 【文章大意】文章主要讲述了一天晚上，Helen丢失钱包的 第一节 经历。 体裁：记叙文主题语境：人与自我 【文章大意】一位上幼儿园的小男孩上学迟到了，因无法自 Il.in考查介词【解析】固定搭配in the evening意为“在 已打开门而一直在门外等待大人的出现，他在寒冷的天气中 晚上”。故填in 等了很久，“我”发现他后，立即将他送往了医院，小男孩的手 :12.to harm考查非谓语动词【解析】分析句子结构可知， 冻伤了，需要时间来恢复，但他第二天一早就精力充沛地出 此处应用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to harm。 现在了学校，他的等待和信任给“我”上了一堂关于信仰的强 I3.caught考查动词的时态【解析】全文主体时态是一般 有力的课。 过去时，此处也应用一殷过去时。故填caught。 英语答案一46 B 22.B细节理解题【定位句】If a session is full,you can 体栽：说明文主题语境：人与社会 register for the waiting list,(Waiting lists部分第一段第 【文章大意】文章主要介绍了研究认为，气味偏好是可以后 一句) 天学习的。 译文：如果课程满员，你可以注册等待名单 I4.supported考查非谓语动词【解析】分析句子结构可 【解析】根据定位句可知，如果课程满员，学生们可以注册 等待名单。故选B。 知，本句已有谓语动词，此处应用非谓语动词；且动词 support与逻辑主语“One theory”之间构成动宾关系，此 23.D细节理解题【定位句】If you miss two PASS ses- sions in a row,you will be deregistered and your place will 处应用其过去分词形式作后置定语。故填supported。 be given to someone on the waiting list.Deregistering 15.whether 考查固定用法【解析】此处表示很容易解释 分第一段第一句) 我们如何判断气味是否危险。固定搭配whether,or 译文：如果你连续两次错过PASS课程，你的注册将被撒 not意为“是否”。故填whether。 销，你的名额将被分配给等待名单上的其他人。 16.has考查动词的时态和主谓一致【解析】此处表示客 【解析】根据定位句可知，如果学生连续两次错过PASS 观情况，应用一般现在时：且主语“Gs”是第三人称单数， 课程，他们的注册会被撤销。故选D。 谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has。 公 C 体裁：夹叙夹议文主题语境：人与自我 体裁：说明文主题语境：人与社会 【文章大意】追求完美让Alice倍感焦虑，使她产生了极大 【文章大意】文章主要介绍了外卖垃圾对环境造成了严重 的精神内耗，也削弱了她的行动能力。受Grant Brown的展 威胁且情况日益严重， 示会的启发，Alice在参加了一系列的实践活动后重拾了自 信。这也让她明白：要尽已所能抓住每一个机会。毕竟，行 l7.themselves考查代词【解析】此处表示人们不能总是 动才能改变一切。 去外面吃饭或自己做饭。此处作介词“o”的宾语，当主 24.C细节理解题【定位句】My perfectionist tendencies 语和宾语为同一人时，宾语用反身代词，应用themselves。 were the main root of this:I wanted to be perfect at what- 故填themselves。 ever I did,which obviously in life is not possible,but it 18.which考查定语从句【解析】分析句子结构可知，此处 consumed me,(第一段最后一句) 为定语从句，先行词是“cups,bottles,and bags”,指物，关 译文：我的完美主义倾向是这一点的主要根源：无论我做 系词在从句中作介词of的宾语，此处应用which与most 什么，我都想做到完美，这在生活中显然是不可能的，但 of一起作从句的主语。故填which。 它消耗了我。 19.worse考查形容词的比较等级【解析】此处表示那些 【解析】根据第一段内容尤其是定位句可知，导致Aice焦 塑料垃圾是一个大问题，而且（这个问题）越来越严重。 虑的主要原因是地对完美的渴望。故选C。 根据“even”可知，此处应用bad的比较级worse。故填 25.A推理判断题【解析】根据第二段第二句“His presen tation not only awed and inspired me,but also helped e- worse。 20.has increased考查动词的时态和主谓一致【解析】根 merge an inner desire to make a difference in the world." 可知，Brown的展示会不仅让Alice肃然起敬，鼓舞了地 据时间状语“since2019”可知，此处应用现在完成时：且主 也帮助（地）萌生了改变世界的内心愿望：结合第三段第 语“The use of those plastics'”是第三人称单数，谓语动词 三、四句“Shortly after I received his invitation,applica 应用单三形式。故填has increased。 tions to join the Youth for Nature and the Youth for Plan- 第二部分阅读理解 et groups were sent around through my high school.I de- 第一节 cided to commit to completing the applications,and soon I A was a part of a growing global team of young people 体栽：应用文主题语境：人与社会 working to protect nature,”可知，在Alice收到Brown的 【文章大意】文章主要介绍了同伴辅助学习项目PASS的 邀请后不久，地中请加入了Youth for Nature和Youth 相关情况。 for Planet组织，并在不久后成为了全球年轻人保护自然 21.D细节理解题【定位句】It's an opportunity to deepen 团队的一员。由此可推知，在Brown的展示会的影响下， Alice决心为大自然做些事。故选A。 your understanding of the key points from lecture materi- 26.B细节理解题【解析】根据第三段最后一句“Each of als while you are applying your skills to solve problems. these new steps continued to grow my confidence.”可知， (第三段第二句) Alice参加的活动有助于地变得更加自信。故选B。 译文：当你运用你的技能来解决问题时，这是一个加深你 27.C推理判断题【解析】通读全文尤其是第一段第二句 对课堂材料要点的理解的机会。 "Early last year,I was troubled by an anxiety that crip- 【解析】根据定位句可知，在PASS中，学生们可以运用自 plcd(蒯弱)my ability to do anything.”可知，去年年初， 己的技能来解决问题。故选D。 Alice被一种焦虑因扰，它削弱了Alice微任何事情的能 英语答案一47 力：结合第三段最后一句“Each of these new steps contin- 译文：一个是计算机科学家Chris Johnson,我认为他是有 ued to grow my confidence.”可知，Alice走的每一步都让 助于保持这个领域的诚实的人。 地更加自信。由此可知，Alice通过参加一系列自然保护 【解析】根据定位句可知，作者认为Johnson能保持量子计 活动变得更加自信，并且这治愈了她的焦虑。由此可推 算机领战的诚实：再结合最后一段最后一句“But I trust 知，行动是焦虑最大的敌人。故选C。 Taylor,just as I trust Johnson.”可知，作者相信Taylor, C 正如他相信Johnson一样，由此可推知，作者对Johnson 体裁：说明文主题语境：人与社会 的担忧表示赞同。故选A。 【文章大意】文章主要介绍了系统思维的意义和操作需要32.C推理判断题【定位句】Taylor shares Johnson'scon 及其研究现状。 cerns about hype,but he says those concerns do not apply 28.C推理判断题【解析】通读全文尤其是第一段内容可 to PyQuantum.(第四段最后一句) 知，“如果没有饥饿，世界会是什么样子？”这个问题很难 译文：Taylor和Johnson一样担心妙作，但他说这些担心 回答，因为想象不属于现实生活，并且学习如何让它成为 不适用于PyQuantum。 现实是一种罕见的技能。它被教授给艺术家和工程师， 【解析】根据定位句可知，Taylor认为PyQuantum没有炒 但很少教授给科学家。Crystal着手改变这种情况，并帮 作方面的担心：结合第五段内容及最后一段第一句 助发起一个全球性的运动。结果，一种被称为系统思维 "Could PyQuantum really be leading all the competition 的方法现在被视为应对全球挑战的关键。下文开始围绕 ‘by a wide margin',as Taylor claims?”可知，Taylor认为 这一话题展开陈述。由此可推知，作者在第一段运用画 PyQuantum远比其他任何公司都更接近于建造“有用的” 线的疑问句是为了引出文章的话题。故选C。 量子计算机，它解决了一个我们无法解决的影响深远的 29.A细节理解题【定位句】But using machine learning 问题，它会以很大的优势领先所有的竞争。由此可推知， and artificial intelligence.some scientists propose that hu- Taylor对PyQuantum的信心让他对量子计算持乐观态 man diets consist of at least 26 000 biochemicals-and 度。故选C。 that the vast majority are not known.(第三段最后一句) 33.A词义猜测题【解析】根据画线词所在句中的“·quan 译文：但是，利用机器学习和人工智能，一些科学家提出， tum'stands for something cool you shouldn't be able to 人类的饮食至少包含26000种生化物质，其中绝大多数 understand'”可知，量子代表了鲁通人无法理解的东西。 尚不为人所知。 由此可推知，画线词所在句表示关于量子计算的某些方 【解析】根据第二段最后一句中的“First,researchers need to identify all the players in that system""they need to 面让其很客易被炒作。因此，prone应意为“易于遭受 …的”，与A项意思相近。故选A。 understand and quantify the impact of those relation- sips”可知，研究人员首先需要确定该系统中的所有参与 34,D标题概括题【解析】通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了 量子计算正在吸引越来越多的关注和资金，但一些科学 者，他们也需要了解并量化这些关系的影响：结合定位句 家却认为量子计算的某些方面会很容易被妙作。他们担 可知，机器学习不能解决营养问题。由此可知，A项“系 统思维的第一个目标还没有被实现”符合题意。故选A。 心，如果量子计算领城的研究者们不能实现他们的承诺， 30.B推理判断题【定位句】More researchers,policymak- 人们的狂热可能会变成失望和愤怒。因此，D项“量子计 ers and representatives from the food industry must learn 算是否能达到它炒作的程度？”符合本文主旨·是本文的 to look beyond their direct lines of responsibility and a- 最佳标题。故选D。 dopt a systems approach.(最后一段第一句) 第二节 译文：来自食品行业的更多的研究人员、决策者和代表们 体裁：说明文主题语境：人与社会 必须学会超越他们的直接责任线，并采取一种系统性的 【文章大意】文章主要介绍了健康和健身有助于一个人过 方法。 上良好且健康的生活。健康和健身是相互关联的，要通过健 【解析】根据第一段最后一句“The result-一an approach 身来拥有健康的身体。 known as systems thinking-is now seen as essential in 35.G【解析】空格前讲常常由于各种各样的压力，我们往往 meeting global challenges.”可知，一种被称为系统思雏的 会忽视我们的健康：空格后讲正是我们的健身水平帮助 方法现在被视为应对全球桃战的关键：结合定位句可知， 我们对抗这些疾病。G项“这（忽视健康）会使我们的身 作者认为来自食品行业的研究人员、决策者及代表们必 体遭受骗苦，我们会患上一些疾病”承上启下，符合语境。 须学会采用系统思维方法。由此可推知，作者认为系统 故选G。 思维可以被用来应对挑战。故选B。 36.B【解析】空格后讲我们需要健身才能拥有健康的身体。 D 同样，如采我们是健康的，我们自然就会被保持身体的强 体裁：议论文主题语境：人与社会 健所吸引。B项“健康和（身体的）强健是相互关联的”引 【文章大意】文章主要介绍了一些科技公司对量子计算的 出下文，符合语境。故选B。 炒作以及Johnson和Taylor两位量子计算专家对此的看法。37.D【解析】空格前讲我们可能没有任何疾病，但身体依然 3l.A推理判断题【定位句】One is computer scientist 较弱，易受病毒攻击：空格后讲这并不一定意味着我们不 Chris Johnson who I see as someone who helps keep the 健康。D项“例如，我们可能很容易感冒”承上启下，特合 field honest.(第一段第四句) 语境。故选D。 英语答案一48 38.F【解析】空格前讲对每个人来说，在健康和健身方面花One possible version 些时间是很重要的：空格后讲无论我们处于多大的年龄Dear Jim, 以及有着怎样的工作方式，我们必须每天锻炼。不同的 How's everything? 年龄段有不同的锻炼水平，我们必须根据自己的健康状 I'm writing to invite you to give us an online talk on 况和年龄来微运动。F项“在我们的生活中，有一些活动English writing.Our classmates seem to be weak in organisa 是每个人都应该做的”承上启下，符合语境。故选F。 tion.Would you please give us some suggestions on how to 39.C【解析】空格前讲我们每天应该至少有6至8小时的 connect sentences logically,how to develop a paragraph,and 睡眠时间。这有助于政善我们的免疫系统，保护我们免 how to structure an essay? 受疾病侵袭。C项“它也有助于我们保持冷静和放松头 The talk will be about an hour,and you can decide on a 脑”承接上文，符合语境。故选C, date at your convenience.Please let me know which platform 第三部分书面表达 you'll be using.It would be great if we could have a 10-mi- 第一节 nute question and answer session at the end of your talk. 40.Tom witnessed the widespread consumption of sugary Looking forward to your reply. drinks by kids at his own school. Yours. 41.Tom got the idea from observing his mum make healthy Li Hua fruit infusions but then struggle for a take-along option. 2022年6月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 42.Tom is most proud of the opportunities that Fun Bottle (浙江卷) presents to others because he not only provides healthy al- ternatives to sugary drinks but also donates all the prof- 第一部分听力 its to the OHG. 1.C2.B3.B4.C5.A6.A7.B8.B9.C10. Tom donates part of the profits to the OHG. C11.B12.A13.A14.C15.C16.A17.B 43.略 18.A 第二节 19.B20.C 【写作指导】 第二部分阅读理解 审题：人称：第三人称为主，第·、二人称为辅 第一节 时态：一般现在时为主，一般将来时为辅 提纲：开头句：①How's everything? 体裁：记叙文主题语境：人与自我 2Does everything go well recently? 【文章大意】文章主要讲述了过去三个夏天的工作拓展了 作者的思维，使她开始接受真实世界的多样性的故事。 文章主体：要点一：①I'm writing to invite you to give us 2l.D细节理解题【定位句】A few years later,as I stood an online talk on English writing.Our classmates seem to be in the lunch line with my kindergarten class in a school in weak in organisation.Would you please give us some sugges- Brooklyn,I realized things were no longer that simple.My tions on how to connect sentences logically,how to develop a classmates ranged from those kids with pale skin and paragraph,and how to structure an essay? large blue eyes to those with rich brown skin and dark 2I'm writing to invite you to give us an online lecture hair,(第一段第三，四句) on English writing.Our classmates aren't able to organize 译文：几年后，当我站在布鲁克林一所学校的幼儿国班的 their essays with ease.Can you give us some advice,such as 午餐队伍里时，我意识到事情不再是那么简单。我的同 how to logically connect sentences,how to expand para- 学中有皮肤白皙、有着大大的蓝眼睛的，也有皮肤勒黑、 graphs,and how to organize an article? 头发乌黑的。 要点二：①The talk will be about an hour,and you can 【解析】根据定位句可知，当作者进入布鲁克林的一所学 decide on a date at your convenience.Please let me know 校之后，地意识到学校里的人大不相同。故选D。 which platform you'll be using. 22.C指代判断题【定位句】①A few years later,asI 2The lecture will last about an hour.You can decide stood in the lunch line with my kindergarten class in a the date according to your own wishes.Please tell me which school in Brooklyn,I realized things were no longer that platform you will be using. simple.(第一段第三句) 要点三：①It would be great if we could have a 10-mi- 译文：几年后，当我站在布鲁克林一所学校的幼儿园班的 nute question and answer session at the end of your talk. 午餐队伍里时，我意识到事情不再是那么简单。 2Also,it's a good idea to have a 10-minute Q&.A ses- 2For the past three summers,I have worked in a govern- sion after your talk. ment agency in New York.New immigrants much like the 结尾句：①L.ooking forward to your reply. little girl in the lunch line flooded our office seeking help. 2Hope to get your reply as soon as possible. (第二段第二，三句) 英语答案一49