技巧05 “故事地图”与情节设计-【同步写作课】2024-2025学年高二英语读后续写基础技巧与整体演练(通用版)

高二英语读后续写基础技巧与整体演练 技巧05 “故事地图”与情节设计 故事地图(Story Map)是由20 世纪七十年代美国约瑟夫 ·D · 诺瓦克（Joseph D.Novak）博士基于有意义学习理论提出的可视化概念图。该图是英语教师在课堂教学中，根据英语叙事文本遵循的概念图式或故事叙述，形成相应的视觉图式，教会学生在叙事文本学习中通过使用Story Map去发现和梳理故事的结构和大意，从而学会阅读故事、理解故事，最后达到创编故事目的概念图。Story Map这种可视化的、有助于发散思维的表达方式，将故事情节和结构以视觉化的方式进行呈现，帮助学生更好地理解和分析故事中的各个要素，了解故事的结构和情节，从而指导学生在读后续写中有条不紊地进行创作。 在读后续写任务中，Story Map帮助学生从全局和整体的视角观察问题，提高学生的思维能力。首先，Story Map通过可视化的图表、图形和词语的组合，展 示概念之间的层次关系和思维顺序，使学生更好地把握读后续写故事中的 characters（人物）、plots（情节）、setting（背景）、problem（问题）和solution（解决办法），帮助学生在读后续写过程中更准确地理解故事内容。其次，Story Map帮助学生在处理读后续写任务时，从全局和整体的视角观察与分析问题，促进学生更好地理解故事的整体结构和情节发展，提高学生的叙事能力。 故事地图在读后续写中的使用方法 Story Map在读后续写实施过程中所提供的可视化步骤有助于学生更好地理解命题意图，并能够从自己的角度进行延伸创作，有针对性地解决读后续写难题。Story Map提供了一个框架，帮助学生系统地构建并呈现一个连贯的故事。学生能够将人物的情感、内心世界和成长轨迹完整地呈现，使得故事更具有真实性。此外，Story Map还强调了人物角色的 塑造，使得故事更引人入胜。 (一)梳理文章结构内容 通过对近四年高考读后续写试题的分析我们可 以发现，出题者要求学生掌握故事的主旨之后，按照 剧情的发展进行适当地续写。能否继续写作，在很大程度上依赖于学生对文本是否有足够的了解。所以，在课堂上教师可以借助Story Map叙事元素图(如图1所示),指导学生仔细梳理故事中所涉及的人 (Who)、地 点(Where)、时间(When)、事件(What)、 原因(Why) 和发展过程(How) 等，着重指导学生掌 握事件的经过(How)及其原因与前后关系(Why)。 通过Story Map叙事元素图，学生能够清晰地了解作 品的结构、作者的创作目的，建立一个整体的故事概念，有助于把握剧情的主要内容，对剧情主旨有一个清晰的了解，从而将故事的剧情融入自己的脑海之中。 (二)搭建写作结构框架 在厘清文章主要脉络和主旨大意后，教师要引 导学生进一步深挖和解读故事文本的关键信息，关注阅读材料中的细节，解读主要人物的动作、情绪和心理状态等，挖掘故事文本中所设的伏笔，进一步预测故事情节的发展，指导学生认真思考篇章间的联系。利用Story Map叙事发展过程图(如图2所示)在已知段落的基础上建立续写故事的总体框架，能够合理安排篇章结构，防止出现逻辑混乱的问题。Story Map叙事发展过程图在建构故事框架上有其独特的 优势，教师可启发学生运用Story Map叙事发展过程图在构建读后续写故事的基础架构之后，按照自身的创作需求对其进行相应的调整和修正，可以增加一些细节，删除一些不需要的内容，也可以对其进行重组，使其能够更好地表达作者的意见和创作目的。通过使用Story Map叙事发展过程图，学生可以快速梳理出故事的重点，在了解文章的架构与主 旨后搭建结构框架，并结合学生自己的思想与创造力，提升读后续写的写作水平和文字表现力。 (三)优化学生的发散性思维 读后续写实质上是一种对文本进行分析和再造的过程。学生通过对故事情节的解读，能对情节的整体架构有一个清晰的认识，并将内容加入Story Map中，通过Story Map构成内容结构完整、词汇丰富的续写内容。之后，学生还可以以Story Map为媒介，利用文章中的词汇传达自己的想法，将语言与思维结合起来进行续写，达到读写同步。 可见，基于“读”“思”与“写”的关系，Story Map可 以把“读”“思”与“写”相联系，进而促进续写活动，提高英语学习效果。在读后续写过程中，通过Story Map 的辅助，学生可以更直观地将自己的想象转化为可视化的文字，合理安排故事情节的发展，保持故事的节奏感和逻辑性。 故事地图在高中英语读后续写中的应用举例 以2023年全国高考新课标I 卷读后续写为例。2023年全国高考新课标I卷读后续写题要求学生以叙事文本开端(beginning)、发展(development-rising action)和高潮(climax) 的顺序，用第一人称讲述“我”上学的时候，作为一名英语为第二外语的中学生，在老师的帮助下，由一个“英语不好的移民”变 为一个“英语作家”的励志故事。文章话题贴合学生实际，以一个真实的例子展示了教师的鼓励对学生带来的影响。故事涉及学生在学习和写作过程中遇到的常见问题和挑战，同时也展示了教师和学生之间的良好互动。 (一) 绘制Story Map 写作前，可以自主阅读2023年全国高考新课标I卷读后续写的故事，从阅读中获取人物、开端、发展、高潮、结局和主题等要素，并完成导学案中填写Story Map的任务，使用Story Map列出故事的六要素，解读全文的主旨，全面了解整个故事的内容，感受到“我”的情绪与态度的转变。图3为在Story Map举例。从图3可以看出，通过完成Story Map,对“我”在老师的鼓励下参加作文比赛这个故事的基本要素(包括人物、开端、发展、高潮、结局、主题)都有了自己的理解，但在理解和梳理故事冲突方面还需要教师进一步指导。这就需要教师继续指导学生优化故事情节，使续写故事更有层次性和节奏感。 (二)挖掘续写突破点 在已经完成图3的基础上，重点对“我”在写作过程中产生的态度变化及故事中所产生的矛盾冲突进行剖析，评估作者的情感变化和行动方式。根据图3,我们可以提出三个问题，以此进一步探索文章的主旨。 1.研究冲突的开始与结尾。从故事冲突着手，分析这一冲突的根源，也就是“我”在写作的过程中对写作的态度是否发生了转变。提问问题如：What was the conflict presented in the text?Did “I”change during the process? 2.对人物角色特点进行评判。用以下问题了解作者和作者的老师的角色特点。提问问题如：What are the personality traits of the writer“I”and my social studies teacher?Find out the related sentences from the story to support your ideas.此时，学生将重点放在文章对人物语言、外貌、行为的描述上，将作I和my teacher相关角色特点的key words提取出来，如：hardwork- ing、persistent、brave、encouraging、demanding,同时将文章的语言与自己的观点进行了补充，为后续的写作提供可借鉴的语言与内容支持。 3.联想真实的生活场景，加深对话题含义的认识。用下列问题对Story Map 的各个细节进行改进，为后续的续写奠定良好的思想基础。提问问题如：Do you think the writer“I”will write many good works from now on?Do you think the writer“I” will be a famous writer in the fu- ture?问题抛出后，学生都认为 故事中的作者I在未来非常有可能成为一个著名的作家，因为作者身上具备了很多作家的优良品质。 我们可以运用 Story Map对故事的情节脉络、角色情感、内在矛盾与冲突，以及人物性格进行了深刻的解读和剖析。学生不仅深化了对主题内涵的认识，还成功发现了续写故事的创新切入点，这既为接下来的续写打下了语言基础，又搭建了续写的思维框架。 （三）合理想象续编故事 课堂上绘制Story Map之后，对故事的基本要素有了更明确的概念，并了解各个要素之间的关系。可以用四个问题激活发散性思维。 1. What was the news？ 2. How did I react to the news？ 3. Did I participate in the award presentation？ 4. What would Ido in the award presentation？ 这四个问题可以引导想象故事后续的发展，进 一步完善Story Map中的其他部分，并保持原始故事的逻辑连贯性。 （四）明确标准以评促写 《普通高中英语课程标准（2017 年版 2020 年修订）》明确指出，教师在教学过程中要正确处理“教 ” “学 ”“评 ”三者之间的关系，以实现“ 以评促学 ”“以评促教 ”。为培养学生的自我反思能力与自我评价能力，笔者在课堂上采用学生自评和同伴互评的方式 进行评价，从而达到以评促写的目的。 课堂上，学生可以根据Story Map完成续写任务后，教师可引导学生进行自评，能够帮助教师发现学生在完成读后续写题过程中的潜在问题，并基于这些问题做出有针对性的指导，以激发学生的创造力，培养他们的写作技巧，提高他们的续写能力。 在高中英语教学实践中，Story Map在叙事文本的读后续写环节扮演着重要的角色 。使用 Story Map有助于培养学生的续写思维和写作能力。通过使用 Story Map，学生可以深入挖掘、解读、分析故事结构、人物关系、人物塑造、情节发展等要素。此外，Story Map还可以帮助学生在读后续写写作过程中保持故事的逻辑严谨和情节连贯，确保续写能够完整而有条理地延续原文的主题和情节。 1．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Whenever 12-year-old Kelly thought of her school, she was unhappy. The boys in her class always made fun of her “funny” walk, saying she was an ugly girl. Kelly’s parent took her to the hospital for examination. It turned out that her walk was a sign of something far more serious. A doctor said that she suffered from scoliosis (脊柱侧弯) and needed an operation. The operation was carried out one week later. Following the operation, Kelly had to lie flat on her back in the Children’s Hospital, wrapped in cast (石膏). She could do almost nothing but stare at the ceiling. She turned her eyes to one side and saw the dozen girls in her ward (病房), imagining they were all prettier than she would ever be. One thing Kelly looked forward to each day was a visit from her parents. But that day Kelly didn’t even have that. A rainstorm had flooded out the roads, and Kelly was stuck, alone and hidden away from the world. Luckily, the TV was on. When Kelly’s beloved TV icon (偶像) Ms. Robbins appeared on the screen, her eyes lit up. She and her whole family admired Ms. Robbins so much not only because of her excellent singing skills but also her devotion to charity. Ms. Robbins was always reported to make her efforts to help those in need, especially children. Now she was singing her hit song “Go for happiness”. When Ms. Robbins smiled through the TV screen, Kelly believed she was looking right at her, which filled Kelly’s heart with warmth and power. For a moment, Kelly even forgot about those boys who called her an ugly girl. Noises in the doorway caught her attention. Some special person arrived for a visit. Unbelievable! It was Ms. Robbins! 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Kelly watched her say “hello” to the girl in the bed nearest the door. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Kelly could hardly believe her ears because almost nobody except her parents had ever called her that. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Everyone likes the beautiful Cinderella, but I like the ugly stepsister. The sidewalk was filled with shoppers as my mother and I hurried to the department store. I raised my neck for a look at the holiday window display, but at the age of six I was too small to see around the grown-ups with their winter coats and packages. When at last we reached the store, I stood with my eyes widened. “Look, Mother,” I shouted, pressing my hands against the glass, “Cinderella.” Before my eyes was the most beautiful doll I had ever seen! She wore a fairy princess suit made of shining red silk. I knew if I lifted her skirt I would find her crystal (水晶) shoes. The tiny tiara (冠状头饰) fastened to her silky golden hair shone. “If only she were mine,” I dreamed. “We’d have tea parties, share secrets and dance with a handsome prince.” But to my disappointment, my mother guided me away from the window, explaining that she and my father could not afford such an expensive doll. “But there will be a very special gift under the tree for you on Christmas morning, Madge,” she said. “I promise.” Later that week I leaned against Mother’s sewing machine, watching the needle flash up and down. “Bet you don’t know what this is!” she joked, holding up the cloth for me to see. “My Christmas doll!” I yelled. It was still in the early stages but I could make out the head, neck and body. “So much to my surprise!” Mother laughed as I danced around the room, already pretending Cinderella and I were at the ball. It wouldn’t be long now. My excitement grew with each passing day. Mother continued to work on the doll, and whenever I walked into the room she would hide it under a pillow. I could tell by her smile she was pleased with her progress. On Christmas morning I jumped out of bed, ran down the hall and quickly arrived at the living room where the Christmas tree was placed. 注意： 1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: There, underneath the tree, was a beautifully packed gift box. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: In a word, the doll was nothing like Cinderella; she looked more like her ugly stepsister. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Among the beautiful items in an eight-year-old girl’s room, one caught the sight-a broken doll with several lines sewed on it. If the doll could talk, it would tell a story of two kids and the relationship among family members. Amy has been living in the arms of her parents for five years since she was born, and she has been enjoying the unique attention. However, things began to change when the family had a new member, her little brother, Leo. On hearing the news that she would have a little brother or sister, Amy felt at a loss. She didn’t know what it meant to her. However, with the birth of Leo, Amy began to know that she wouldn’t be the only kid. Seeing parents pay more attention to the little baby and hearing more and more people say her parents wouldn’t love her anymore, Amy became sensitive. Worried about her position in the hearts of her parents, she began to have incomprehensible resistance to little Leo. As time went by, Amy became more and more sensitive and concerned about her uniqueness and belongings. The other day, Amy came back home happily with the praise from her teacher. Seeing Leo holding her favorite do II made Amy feel very upset. In her eyes, the doll was not just a toy, but a part of her childhood, and a symbol of being loved. “Give it back to me, Leo” Amy shouted. “No, I want to play” “It’s mine, not yours.” Amy stepped forward to Leo. “But I want.” Leo insisted. Leo’s refusal led to Amy grabbing the toy without hesitation. In the process of the struggle, the doll accidentally was split into two parts, broken. Leo fell onto the ground, crying loudly. Amy’s face turned pale, feeling like sitting on pins and needles. She was in fear that Leo got hurt and She was also afraid her mother would blame her, and think her an inconsiderate girl. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式作答。 However, things didn’t go as expected. Mom came over in a hurry with an anxious look. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ With a better understanding of family and love, Amy’s attitude towards Leo changed. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4．My father hated cats. Or so he told me when I begged for one as a child. Whenever I insisted, he would list all their bad traits: cats were lazy, they ripped up furniture, and they required too much care. The list went on. However, despite his warnings, my desire for a cat never faded. After I graduated from university, I became a volunteer at an animal rescue center. This experience had a significant impact on me. I learned to tend to injured animals and saw firsthand how kindness and care could aid in their recovery. But I also realized that animals could provide emotional healing to humans too. This belief stayed with me. A few years later, my father was diagnosed with kidney disease and began dialysis (透析). The news hit him hard. Overnight, he seemed to age years, the spark in his eyes dimming. His once cheerful nature turned into a look of sadness and acceptance of his fate. The future seemed hopeless, and our home was filled with a sense of sadness and despair. In an effort to bring some joy and distraction into our home, I often told my father stories about the animals I encountered at the rescue center. At first, he was indifferent, but gradually, he seemed to look forward to hearing them. One story, in particular, touched his heart. It was about a large, Maine-coon-type cat found by firefighters. Its long orange fur was tangled and burnt from the wildfires in Alaska. Barely alive, it purred when touched despite its pain. The fire had claimed its back feet and all its front toes. The vet (兽医) doubted it would survive. But the cat was a fighter. Named Bumpus, he faced his challenges head-on. Despite his severe injuries, he worked hard to walk again. To everyone’s amazement, he succeeded. Bumpus’s spirit made him a favorite among the volunteers. His determination and strength inspired us all. Through these stories, my father came to understand the incredible power of persistence and healing in animals. As my father listened to more stories about the animals at the rescue center, he began to change. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I felt it was time to bring up my childhood wish again, but this time, it had a deeper meaning. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ In the following weeks, my father, as I had taught him, attentively looked after Bumpus at home. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Adela was basically brought up by her grandfather. Soon after her parents divorced, she was sent to live with her grandparents. The next year, her grandmother died, and she was left alone with her grandfather. To take care of her, her grandfather decided to start over. He learned to cook, clean the house, do the laundry, and take care of her when she was sick. But influenced by her parents’ divorce, Adela was always rebellious. At school, her grades were always at the bottom and she also had a very bad relationship with her teacher. At home, she only liked to do her own things, and rarely communicated with her grandfather. If there was an exchange, it ended in a quarrel. She always closed the door and never volunteered to help grandpa with housework. In spite of this, grandfather had always been tolerant of her and never got angry with her. This day, was Adela’s good friend Edmund’s birthday. She told her grandfather coldly before going out, “Today is Edmund’s birthday, and he invites me to his birthday party. I won’t be at home for dinner tonight.” The grandfather smiled and nodded and told her to bring Edmund a present. Time flew, and night come quietly. After dinner, grandfather sat in the living room watching TV, but his sight always glanced at the clock on the wall. Once or twice, he do not know how long it was. The clock on the wall was still two minutes away at twelve, and the silk outside the door was not moving at all. Worried and anxious, grandfather began to pace back and forth in the living room. As if for grandfather’s mood, there was a sudden burst of thunder outside, indicating a heavy rain. Thinking that his granddaughter did not have an umbrella, he wrapped himself in a raincoat, took an umbrella, and hurried out to Edmund’s house. There were very few people in the street due to the bad weather. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Through the heavy rain, Adela dimly saw a familiar figure. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 “Have you brought the frog to school?” I whispered excitedly to my friend, John. It was early in the morning and my friends, John, Tom and I were already in school, discussing the prank(恶作剧)we were going to play on our class monitor, Jane. Laughing quietly, John reached for his bag, opened the bag and showed us the frog in his bag. Tom and I couldn't hold back the laughter, thinking about what would happen. Ring! As soon as the bell rang, other students, including Jane, hurried out of the classroom. We had planned to put a frog in Jane's bag and scare her for telling Ms Tan, our headteacher, that we were playing in the classroom when there was no teacher in class. “This should teach her a lesson!” I thought, smiling to myself. Once we were the only ones left in the classroom, I took the frog from John's bag. Surveying around to make sure that no one was walking past our classroom, I put the frog into Jane's bag secretly. “Please take out the homework I assigned you yesterday,” Ms Tan instructed after the break. Everyone started looking through their schoolbags for their homework. Out of the corner of my eye, I spied Jane bending down to open her bag. Glancing over at Tom and John, I saw them covering their mouths, trying to hide their laughter. “Ahhh! There is a frog in my bag!” Jane screamed as the frog leapt(跳) out of her bag. 注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 She jumped onto her chair as she screamed in horror. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Gathering all my courage, I decided to tell the truth. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Nancy is used to getting up early every day. She is a young mother. By seven, she has already eaten breakfast, had a cup of coffee, washed the dishes, taken her shower, and put on her make-up. Then, it’s time to do the housework. One early Saturday morning, when she was washing her son’s vacuum bottle (保温瓶), she felt upset. After having been used for long, the bottle was in poor condition. It was high time that she should buy a new one for her kid Bill, but her budget was limited. She had to decide that she would buy a new one sometime later. Complaining wasn’t how she would normally choose to start the day, especially with the sun shining. To cheer up and continue the day a bit more optimistically, she left the housework for later and set out with her little kid Bill for their morning walk on the beach a little earlier than usual. The local shops hadn’t opened yet. It was quiet outside; there were few people around. Walking through the downtown area, something on the pavement caught her attention. From a distance, it appeared to be a package of some sort. They walked over and Nancy picked it up. Upon examination, it turned out to be a brown paper bag. The downtown had nine blocks with stores. Grocery stores, furniture shops, cake shops, banks, bookstores, home-goods stores, clothing shops, and other businesses lined the street. Looking around, Nancy found none of them had been open for business. It was too early. Nancy knew all this indicated that the object had most likely been purchased by someone the evening or day before. Since it was near the road, Nancy guessed someone must have dropped it, probably while loading other bags into a car. Nancy looked inside the bag for more information. After opening it, she found there was a small handbag. Inside the bag there were many cards. Among them there was the owner’s business card, which showed the owner’s name and phone number. Besides, there was a box in the brown bag. “What may be in the box?” Nancy thought to herself. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。 She checked it, surprised to find there was a new vacuum bottle for kids in it. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Based on the information on the business card, Nancy made up her mind to call the owner. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Upon her arrival at the South Pole Penguin Research Lab, Mary observed her friend Tom tenderly caressing a penguin cradled in his arms. As the offspring of the lab’s scientific staff, Mary and Tom were frequently in the presence of emperor penguins, which were under scrutiny to discern how they coped with the harsh climatic conditions — a knowledge that could be instrumental in enhancing human endurance in extreme environments. “We’re thirteen, Tom. It’s the age to mature and cease interacting with the lab’s penguins as if they were playmates,” Mary remarked, commencing her cleaning duties. “These creatures are subjects of research, not domestic animals.” “But these avians are responsive to my touch!” Tom defended, his exhalation manifesting as a mist in the icy atmosphere. “You’re merely attempting to become a penguin whisperer once more,” Mary retorted, a soft grin playing on her lips as she shook her head. The penguins exhibited a playful demeanor as they strolled, plunged, swam, and frolicked in pursuit of their live piscine quarry before partaking in their meal. A sudden blare of an alarm, accompanied by the flashing of red lights, interrupted the scene, indicating an issue at hand. The siblings hastened to investigate. “The temperature has plummeted further — there’s ice crystallizing on the water’s surface,” Tom observed. Despite the perpetual cold, Mary had never witnessed ice forming in that location before. Upon inspecting the habitat monitor, she realized that the temperature had dipped significantly. “The heating system must have malfunctioned!” Promptly, Mary dispatched a message to their parents' research team, who were immersed in field studies outside. With the adults indisposed, the children were left to manage the plummeting temperatures until reinforcements arrived. As they waited apprehensively, time seemed to dawdle, and the escalating cold induced shivers. “I ponder what emperor penguins accomplish amidst such frigid conditions, considering they remain at the Pole throughout the winter rather than migrating to warmer climates,” Mary mused. “They huddle,” Tom replied. “They cluster so closely that those in the core remain sufficiently warm.” “What occurs with the ones on the periphery?” Mary inquired. “They press inward toward the center, then subsequently migrate back to the periphery, and once again grapple against the flow of their peers to regain the warmth of the huddle’s heart. This behavior was documented by scientists in the early 21st century,” he stated, his gaze fixed on the sizable assembly of penguins within the lab. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “I have an idea to stay warm!” Tom shouted excitedly. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Two and a half hours later, the parents returned with help. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 9．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My brother Mike and I were in the back seat playing the guessing game I Spy (发现) when the snowstorm started. Fat clumps (丛) of white, like a million cotton balls, landed on our car and stuck there. “I spy something white.” I said. “No fair,” said Mike. “Everything looks white. ” He was right. In the hour since we’d left grandma’s house in Nebraska to return to our house in Illinois, the weather had gotten worse. The flat Nebraska land gave way to lowa hills as steep as roller coasters. The roads were slippery. “I meant Mom’s white coat,” I told Mike. “Your turn.” “I spy something blue,” Mike said. Dad spoke to Mom. “I don’t like the looks of this.” He was whispering, but I heard him. “It’s getting harder to see anything.” Mom nodded. “The forecast mentioned snow showers, but this looks more serious than that. On either side of the highway, deep valleys were filled with snow. As the car moved slowly on the icy road, I noticed Dad’s hands were tight on the steering wheel (方向盘). “Guess!” Mike insisted. “The blue highway sign?” I guessed, although it was hard to read it. Wet snow blocked most of the letters. I looked around. “The blue hat on the girl in the car behind us? ” “Yes! ” Mike laughed. “Your turn. ” At that moment, our car made a turn suddenly toward a valley, and Mom yelled. Dad managed to straighten the wheel and stay on the road. My heart pounded like I was in a race. I pressed my face against the cold window. Tire tracks on the road showed how dangerous it was! If we went down, how would we ever get out? Nobody talked. Mike and I stopped playing I Spy. It was like we were all helping Dad drive by holding our breath. The only sound was the swish-boom, swish-boom of the wipers (雨刮器). “We need to get off and wait out this storm,” Dad said. “But I can hardly see the road, let alone an exit.” 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “I spy something red!” I shouted. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ We saw a red sign EAT HERE near the exit. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 10．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 In the heart of the Arctic Fox Observatory, Lily, a young and spirited girl, watched her brother Alex softly fondling (抚摸) a fox curled up in his arms like pets. As children of the observatory’s researchers, they were no strangers to those joyful Arctic creatures and often saw them happily leaping up and down, digging holes in the snow for warmth, and chasing after their prey (猎物). Of the two, Alex seemed to be more attracted to those furry balls and formed a particularly strong bond with these lovely friends. “We’re not small kids, Alex. It’s high time we matured and stopped treating there search foxes like pets,” Lily said. Alex, said, in disagreement, “But they seem to enjoy my fondling and respond to me!” Smiling softly, Lily jokingly called him “fox charmer”. But Alex just smiled and turned blind eyes to it. Suddenly, an urgent alarm set off, followed by flashing red lights, indicating there were troubles. Rushing to see what was happening, they discovered the surroundings were colder than ever, with frost beginning to form on the wall. Never had Lily seen such a sight within the Observatory. “The heating system must have failed,” she exclaimed in disbelief. Wasting no time, Lily sent their parents a message, who were doing fieldwork outside. Now, it was up to Lily and Alex to face the extreme cold themselves and survive the extreme cold until help arrived. As time went by, their bodies began to shake uncontrollably. “We must do something or we'll freeze to death!” Lily cried loudly in desperation. With panic setting in, Alex’s eyes noticed that the pack of foxes huddled together in the snow just now began to dig a snow hole. In a moment of inspiration, he remembered how the foxes would dig deep into the snow to insulate (隔绝) themselves from the extreme cold, creating a warm environment beneath the frozen Arctic land. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “I’ve got an idea to keep us warm!” Alex smiled and comforted his sister. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After more than two hours, their parents returned with assistance. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 高二英语读后续写基础技巧与整体演练 技巧05 “故事地图”与情节设计 故事地图(Story Map)是由20 世纪七十年代美国约瑟夫 ·D · 诺瓦克（Joseph D.Novak）博士基于有意义学习理论提出的可视化概念图。该图是英语教师在课堂教学中，根据英语叙事文本遵循的概念图式或故事叙述，形成相应的视觉图式，教会学生在叙事文本学习中通过使用Story Map去发现和梳理故事的结构和大意，从而学会阅读故事、理解故事，最后达到创编故事目的概念图。Story Map这种可视化的、有助于发散思维的表达方式，将故事情节和结构以视觉化的方式进行呈现，帮助学生更好地理解和分析故事中的各个要素，了解故事的结构和情节，从而指导学生在读后续写中有条不紊地进行创作。 在读后续写任务中，Story Map帮助学生从全局和整体的视角观察问题，提高学生的思维能力。首先，Story Map通过可视化的图表、图形和词语的组合，展 示概念之间的层次关系和思维顺序，使学生更好地把握读后续写故事中的 characters（人物）、plots（情节）、setting（背景）、problem（问题）和solution（解决办法），帮助学生在读后续写过程中更准确地理解故事内容。其次，Story Map帮助学生在处理读后续写任务时，从全局和整体的视角观察与分析问题，促进学生更好地理解故事的整体结构和情节发展，提高学生的叙事能力。 故事地图在读后续写中的使用方法 Story Map在读后续写实施过程中所提供的可视化步骤有助于学生更好地理解命题意图，并能够从自己的角度进行延伸创作，有针对性地解决读后续写难题。Story Map提供了一个框架，帮助学生系统地构建并呈现一个连贯的故事。学生能够将人物的情感、内心世界和成长轨迹完整地呈现，使得故事更具有真实性。此外，Story Map还强调了人物角色的 塑造，使得故事更引人入胜。 (一)梳理文章结构内容 通过对近四年高考读后续写试题的分析我们可 以发现，出题者要求学生掌握故事的主旨之后，按照 剧情的发展进行适当地续写。能否继续写作，在很大程度上依赖于学生对文本是否有足够的了解。所以，在课堂上教师可以借助Story Map叙事元素图(如图1所示),指导学生仔细梳理故事中所涉及的人 (Who)、地 点(Where)、时间(When)、事件(What)、 原因(Why) 和发展过程(How) 等，着重指导学生掌 握事件的经过(How)及其原因与前后关系(Why)。 通过Story Map叙事元素图，学生能够清晰地了解作 品的结构、作者的创作目的，建立一个整体的故事概念，有助于把握剧情的主要内容，对剧情主旨有一个清晰的了解，从而将故事的剧情融入自己的脑海之中。 (二)搭建写作结构框架 在厘清文章主要脉络和主旨大意后，教师要引 导学生进一步深挖和解读故事文本的关键信息，关注阅读材料中的细节，解读主要人物的动作、情绪和心理状态等，挖掘故事文本中所设的伏笔，进一步预测故事情节的发展，指导学生认真思考篇章间的联系。利用Story Map叙事发展过程图(如图2所示)在已知段落的基础上建立续写故事的总体框架，能够合理安排篇章结构，防止出现逻辑混乱的问题。Story Map叙事发展过程图在建构故事框架上有其独特的 优势，教师可启发学生运用Story Map叙事发展过程图在构建读后续写故事的基础架构之后，按照自身的创作需求对其进行相应的调整和修正，可以增加一些细节，删除一些不需要的内容，也可以对其进行重组，使其能够更好地表达作者的意见和创作目的。通过使用Story Map叙事发展过程图，学生可以快速梳理出故事的重点，在了解文章的架构与主 旨后搭建结构框架，并结合学生自己的思想与创造力，提升读后续写的写作水平和文字表现力。 (三)优化学生的发散性思维 读后续写实质上是一种对文本进行分析和再造的过程。学生通过对故事情节的解读，能对情节的整体架构有一个清晰的认识，并将内容加入Story Map中，通过Story Map构成内容结构完整、词汇丰富的续写内容。之后，学生还可以以Story Map为媒介，利用文章中的词汇传达自己的想法，将语言与思维结合起来进行续写，达到读写同步。 可见，基于“读”“思”与“写”的关系，Story Map可 以把“读”“思”与“写”相联系，进而促进续写活动，提高英语学习效果。在读后续写过程中，通过Story Map 的辅助，学生可以更直观地将自己的想象转化为可视化的文字，合理安排故事情节的发展，保持故事的节奏感和逻辑性。 故事地图在高中英语读后续写中的应用举例 以2023年全国高考新课标I 卷读后续写为例。2023年全国高考新课标I卷读后续写题要求学生以叙事文本开端(beginning)、发展(development-rising action)和高潮(climax) 的顺序，用第一人称讲述“我”上学的时候，作为一名英语为第二外语的中学生，在老师的帮助下，由一个“英语不好的移民”变 为一个“英语作家”的励志故事。文章话题贴合学生实际，以一个真实的例子展示了教师的鼓励对学生带来的影响。故事涉及学生在学习和写作过程中遇到的常见问题和挑战，同时也展示了教师和学生之间的良好互动。 (一) 绘制Story Map 写作前，可以自主阅读2023年全国高考新课标I卷读后续写的故事，从阅读中获取人物、开端、发展、高潮、结局和主题等要素，并完成导学案中填写Story Map的任务，使用Story Map列出故事的六要素，解读全文的主旨，全面了解整个故事的内容，感受到“我”的情绪与态度的转变。图3为在Story Map举例。从图3可以看出，通过完成Story Map,对“我”在老师的鼓励下参加作文比赛这个故事的基本要素(包括人物、开端、发展、高潮、结局、主题)都有了自己的理解，但在理解和梳理故事冲突方面还需要教师进一步指导。这就需要教师继续指导学生优化故事情节，使续写故事更有层次性和节奏感。 (二)挖掘续写突破点 在已经完成图3的基础上，重点对“我”在写作过程中产生的态度变化及故事中所产生的矛盾冲突进行剖析，评估作者的情感变化和行动方式。根据图3,我们可以提出三个问题，以此进一步探索文章的主旨。 1.研究冲突的开始与结尾。从故事冲突着手，分析这一冲突的根源，也就是“我”在写作的过程中对写作的态度是否发生了转变。提问问题如：What was the conflict presented in the text?Did “I”change during the process? 2.对人物角色特点进行评判。用以下问题了解作者和作者的老师的角色特点。提问问题如：What are the personality traits of the writer“I”and my social studies teacher?Find out the related sentences from the story to support your ideas.此时，学生将重点放在文章对人物语言、外貌、行为的描述上，将作I和my teacher相关角色特点的key words提取出来，如：hardwork- ing、persistent、brave、encouraging、demanding,同时将文章的语言与自己的观点进行了补充，为后续的写作提供可借鉴的语言与内容支持。 3.联想真实的生活场景，加深对话题含义的认识。用下列问题对Story Map 的各个细节进行改进，为后续的续写奠定良好的思想基础。提问问题如：Do you think the writer“I”will write many good works from now on?Do you think the writer“I” will be a famous writer in the fu- ture?问题抛出后，学生都认为 故事中的作者I在未来非常有可能成为一个著名的作家，因为作者身上具备了很多作家的优良品质。 我们可以运用 Story Map对故事的情节脉络、角色情感、内在矛盾与冲突，以及人物性格进行了深刻的解读和剖析。学生不仅深化了对主题内涵的认识，还成功发现了续写故事的创新切入点，这既为接下来的续写打下了语言基础，又搭建了续写的思维框架。 （三）合理想象续编故事 课堂上绘制Story Map之后，对故事的基本要素有了更明确的概念，并了解各个要素之间的关系。可以用四个问题激活发散性思维。 1. What was the news？ 2. How did I react to the news？ 3. Did I participate in the award presentation？ 4. What would Ido in the award presentation？ 这四个问题可以引导想象故事后续的发展，进 一步完善Story Map中的其他部分，并保持原始故事的逻辑连贯性。 （四）明确标准以评促写 《普通高中英语课程标准（2017 年版 2020 年修订）》明确指出，教师在教学过程中要正确处理“教 ” “学 ”“评 ”三者之间的关系，以实现“ 以评促学 ”“以评促教 ”。为培养学生的自我反思能力与自我评价能力，笔者在课堂上采用学生自评和同伴互评的方式 进行评价，从而达到以评促写的目的。 课堂上，学生可以根据Story Map完成续写任务后，教师可引导学生进行自评，能够帮助教师发现学生在完成读后续写题过程中的潜在问题，并基于这些问题做出有针对性的指导，以激发学生的创造力，培养他们的写作技巧，提高他们的续写能力。 在高中英语教学实践中，Story Map在叙事文本的读后续写环节扮演着重要的角色 。使用 Story Map有助于培养学生的续写思维和写作能力。通过使用 Story Map，学生可以深入挖掘、解读、分析故事结构、人物关系、人物塑造、情节发展等要素。此外，Story Map还可以帮助学生在读后续写写作过程中保持故事的逻辑严谨和情节连贯，确保续写能够完整而有条理地延续原文的主题和情节。 1．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Whenever 12-year-old Kelly thought of her school, she was unhappy. The boys in her class always made fun of her “funny” walk, saying she was an ugly girl. Kelly’s parent took her to the hospital for examination. It turned out that her walk was a sign of something far more serious. A doctor said that she suffered from scoliosis (脊柱侧弯) and needed an operation. The operation was carried out one week later. Following the operation, Kelly had to lie flat on her back in the Children’s Hospital, wrapped in cast (石膏). She could do almost nothing but stare at the ceiling. She turned her eyes to one side and saw the dozen girls in her ward (病房), imagining they were all prettier than she would ever be. One thing Kelly looked forward to each day was a visit from her parents. But that day Kelly didn’t even have that. A rainstorm had flooded out the roads, and Kelly was stuck, alone and hidden away from the world. Luckily, the TV was on. When Kelly’s beloved TV icon (偶像) Ms. Robbins appeared on the screen, her eyes lit up. She and her whole family admired Ms. Robbins so much not only because of her excellent singing skills but also her devotion to charity. Ms. Robbins was always reported to make her efforts to help those in need, especially children. Now she was singing her hit song “Go for happiness”. When Ms. Robbins smiled through the TV screen, Kelly believed she was looking right at her, which filled Kelly’s heart with warmth and power. For a moment, Kelly even forgot about those boys who called her an ugly girl. Noises in the doorway caught her attention. Some special person arrived for a visit. Unbelievable! It was Ms. Robbins! 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Kelly watched her say “hello” to the girl in the bed nearest the door. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Kelly could hardly believe her ears because almost nobody except her parents had ever called her that. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Everyone likes the beautiful Cinderella, but I like the ugly stepsister. The sidewalk was filled with shoppers as my mother and I hurried to the department store. I raised my neck for a look at the holiday window display, but at the age of six I was too small to see around the grown-ups with their winter coats and packages. When at last we reached the store, I stood with my eyes widened. “Look, Mother,” I shouted, pressing my hands against the glass, “Cinderella.” Before my eyes was the most beautiful doll I had ever seen! She wore a fairy princess suit made of shining red silk. I knew if I lifted her skirt I would find her crystal (水晶) shoes. The tiny tiara (冠状头饰) fastened to her silky golden hair shone. “If only she were mine,” I dreamed. “We’d have tea parties, share secrets and dance with a handsome prince.” But to my disappointment, my mother guided me away from the window, explaining that she and my father could not afford such an expensive doll. “But there will be a very special gift under the tree for you on Christmas morning, Madge,” she said. “I promise.” Later that week I leaned against Mother’s sewing machine, watching the needle flash up and down. “Bet you don’t know what this is!” she joked, holding up the cloth for me to see. “My Christmas doll!” I yelled. It was still in the early stages but I could make out the head, neck and body. “So much to my surprise!” Mother laughed as I danced around the room, already pretending Cinderella and I were at the ball. It wouldn’t be long now. My excitement grew with each passing day. Mother continued to work on the doll, and whenever I walked into the room she would hide it under a pillow. I could tell by her smile she was pleased with her progress. On Christmas morning I jumped out of bed, ran down the hall and quickly arrived at the living room where the Christmas tree was placed. 注意： 1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: There, underneath the tree, was a beautifully packed gift box. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: In a word, the doll was nothing like Cinderella; she looked more like her ugly stepsister. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Among the beautiful items in an eight-year-old girl’s room, one caught the sight-a broken doll with several lines sewed on it. If the doll could talk, it would tell a story of two kids and the relationship among family members. Amy has been living in the arms of her parents for five years since she was born, and she has been enjoying the unique attention. However, things began to change when the family had a new member, her little brother, Leo. On hearing the news that she would have a little brother or sister, Amy felt at a loss. She didn’t know what it meant to her. However, with the birth of Leo, Amy began to know that she wouldn’t be the only kid. Seeing parents pay more attention to the little baby and hearing more and more people say her parents wouldn’t love her anymore, Amy became sensitive. Worried about her position in the hearts of her parents, she began to have incomprehensible resistance to little Leo. As time went by, Amy became more and more sensitive and concerned about her uniqueness and belongings. The other day, Amy came back home happily with the praise from her teacher. Seeing Leo holding her favorite do II made Amy feel very upset. In her eyes, the doll was not just a toy, but a part of her childhood, and a symbol of being loved. “Give it back to me, Leo” Amy shouted. “No, I want to play” “It’s mine, not yours.” Amy stepped forward to Leo. “But I want.” Leo insisted. Leo’s refusal led to Amy grabbing the toy without hesitation. In the process of the struggle, the doll accidentally was split into two parts, broken. Leo fell onto the ground, crying loudly. Amy’s face turned pale, feeling like sitting on pins and needles. She was in fear that Leo got hurt and She was also afraid her mother would blame her, and think her an inconsiderate girl. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右; 2.请按如下格式作答。 However, things didn’t go as expected. Mom came over in a hurry with an anxious look. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ With a better understanding of family and love, Amy’s attitude towards Leo changed. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4．My father hated cats. Or so he told me when I begged for one as a child. Whenever I insisted, he would list all their bad traits: cats were lazy, they ripped up furniture, and they required too much care. The list went on. However, despite his warnings, my desire for a cat never faded. After I graduated from university, I became a volunteer at an animal rescue center. This experience had a significant impact on me. I learned to tend to injured animals and saw firsthand how kindness and care could aid in their recovery. But I also realized that animals could provide emotional healing to humans too. This belief stayed with me. A few years later, my father was diagnosed with kidney disease and began dialysis (透析). The news hit him hard. Overnight, he seemed to age years, the spark in his eyes dimming. His once cheerful nature turned into a look of sadness and acceptance of his fate. The future seemed hopeless, and our home was filled with a sense of sadness and despair. In an effort to bring some joy and distraction into our home, I often told my father stories about the animals I encountered at the rescue center. At first, he was indifferent, but gradually, he seemed to look forward to hearing them. One story, in particular, touched his heart. It was about a large, Maine-coon-type cat found by firefighters. Its long orange fur was tangled and burnt from the wildfires in Alaska. Barely alive, it purred when touched despite its pain. The fire had claimed its back feet and all its front toes. The vet (兽医) doubted it would survive. But the cat was a fighter. Named Bumpus, he faced his challenges head-on. Despite his severe injuries, he worked hard to walk again. To everyone’s amazement, he succeeded. Bumpus’s spirit made him a favorite among the volunteers. His determination and strength inspired us all. Through these stories, my father came to understand the incredible power of persistence and healing in animals. As my father listened to more stories about the animals at the rescue center, he began to change. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I felt it was time to bring up my childhood wish again, but this time, it had a deeper meaning. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ In the following weeks, my father, as I had taught him, attentively looked after Bumpus at home. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Adela was basically brought up by her grandfather. Soon after her parents divorced, she was sent to live with her grandparents. The next year, her grandmother died, and she was left alone with her grandfather. To take care of her, her grandfather decided to start over. He learned to cook, clean the house, do the laundry, and take care of her when she was sick. But influenced by her parents’ divorce, Adela was always rebellious. At school, her grades were always at the bottom and she also had a very bad relationship with her teacher. At home, she only liked to do her own things, and rarely communicated with her grandfather. If there was an exchange, it ended in a quarrel. She always closed the door and never volunteered to help grandpa with housework. In spite of this, grandfather had always been tolerant of her and never got angry with her. This day, was Adela’s good friend Edmund’s birthday. She told her grandfather coldly before going out, “Today is Edmund’s birthday, and he invites me to his birthday party. I won’t be at home for dinner tonight.” The grandfather smiled and nodded and told her to bring Edmund a present. Time flew, and night come quietly. After dinner, grandfather sat in the living room watching TV, but his sight always glanced at the clock on the wall. Once or twice, he do not know how long it was. The clock on the wall was still two minutes away at twelve, and the silk outside the door was not moving at all. Worried and anxious, grandfather began to pace back and forth in the living room. As if for grandfather’s mood, there was a sudden burst of thunder outside, indicating a heavy rain. Thinking that his granddaughter did not have an umbrella, he wrapped himself in a raincoat, took an umbrella, and hurried out to Edmund’s house. There were very few people in the street due to the bad weather. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Through the heavy rain, Adela dimly saw a familiar figure. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 “Have you brought the frog to school?” I whispered excitedly to my friend, John. It was early in the morning and my friends, John, Tom and I were already in school, discussing the prank(恶作剧)we were going to play on our class monitor, Jane. Laughing quietly, John reached for his bag, opened the bag and showed us the frog in his bag. Tom and I couldn't hold back the laughter, thinking about what would happen. Ring! As soon as the bell rang, other students, including Jane, hurried out of the classroom. We had planned to put a frog in Jane's bag and scare her for telling Ms Tan, our headteacher, that we were playing in the classroom when there was no teacher in class. “This should teach her a lesson!” I thought, smiling to myself. Once we were the only ones left in the classroom, I took the frog from John's bag. Surveying around to make sure that no one was walking past our classroom, I put the frog into Jane's bag secretly. “Please take out the homework I assigned you yesterday,” Ms Tan instructed after the break. Everyone started looking through their schoolbags for their homework. Out of the corner of my eye, I spied Jane bending down to open her bag. Glancing over at Tom and John, I saw them covering their mouths, trying to hide their laughter. “Ahhh! There is a frog in my bag!” Jane screamed as the frog leapt(跳) out of her bag. 注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 She jumped onto her chair as she screamed in horror. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Gathering all my courage, I decided to tell the truth. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Nancy is used to getting up early every day. She is a young mother. By seven, she has already eaten breakfast, had a cup of coffee, washed the dishes, taken her shower, and put on her make-up. Then, it’s time to do the housework. One early Saturday morning, when she was washing her son’s vacuum bottle (保温瓶), she felt upset. After having been used for long, the bottle was in poor condition. It was high time that she should buy a new one for her kid Bill, but her budget was limited. She had to decide that she would buy a new one sometime later. Complaining wasn’t how she would normally choose to start the day, especially with the sun shining. To cheer up and continue the day a bit more optimistically, she left the housework for later and set out with her little kid Bill for their morning walk on the beach a little earlier than usual. The local shops hadn’t opened yet. It was quiet outside; there were few people around. Walking through the downtown area, something on the pavement caught her attention. From a distance, it appeared to be a package of some sort. They walked over and Nancy picked it up. Upon examination, it turned out to be a brown paper bag. The downtown had nine blocks with stores. Grocery stores, furniture shops, cake shops, banks, bookstores, home-goods stores, clothing shops, and other businesses lined the street. Looking around, Nancy found none of them had been open for business. It was too early. Nancy knew all this indicated that the object had most likely been purchased by someone the evening or day before. Since it was near the road, Nancy guessed someone must have dropped it, probably while loading other bags into a car. Nancy looked inside the bag for more information. After opening it, she found there was a small handbag. Inside the bag there were many cards. Among them there was the owner’s business card, which showed the owner’s name and phone number. Besides, there was a box in the brown bag. “What may be in the box?” Nancy thought to herself. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。 She checked it, surprised to find there was a new vacuum bottle for kids in it. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Based on the information on the business card, Nancy made up her mind to call the owner. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Upon her arrival at the South Pole Penguin Research Lab, Mary observed her friend Tom tenderly caressing a penguin cradled in his arms. As the offspring of the lab’s scientific staff, Mary and Tom were frequently in the presence of emperor penguins, which were under scrutiny to discern how they coped with the harsh climatic conditions — a knowledge that could be instrumental in enhancing human endurance in extreme environments. “We’re thirteen, Tom. It’s the age to mature and cease interacting with the lab’s penguins as if they were playmates,” Mary remarked, commencing her cleaning duties. “These creatures are subjects of research, not domestic animals.” “But these avians are responsive to my touch!” Tom defended, his exhalation manifesting as a mist in the icy atmosphere. “You’re merely attempting to become a penguin whisperer once more,” Mary retorted, a soft grin playing on her lips as she shook her head. The penguins exhibited a playful demeanor as they strolled, plunged, swam, and frolicked in pursuit of their live piscine quarry before partaking in their meal. A sudden blare of an alarm, accompanied by the flashing of red lights, interrupted the scene, indicating an issue at hand. The siblings hastened to investigate. “The temperature has plummeted further — there’s ice crystallizing on the water’s surface,” Tom observed. Despite the perpetual cold, Mary had never witnessed ice forming in that location before. Upon inspecting the habitat monitor, she realized that the temperature had dipped significantly. “The heating system must have malfunctioned!” Promptly, Mary dispatched a message to their parents' research team, who were immersed in field studies outside. With the adults indisposed, the children were left to manage the plummeting temperatures until reinforcements arrived. As they waited apprehensively, time seemed to dawdle, and the escalating cold induced shivers. “I ponder what emperor penguins accomplish amidst such frigid conditions, considering they remain at the Pole throughout the winter rather than migrating to warmer climates,” Mary mused. “They huddle,” Tom replied. “They cluster so closely that those in the core remain sufficiently warm.” “What occurs with the ones on the periphery?” Mary inquired. “They press inward toward the center, then subsequently migrate back to the periphery, and once again grapple against the flow of their peers to regain the warmth of the huddle’s heart. This behavior was documented by scientists in the early 21st century,” he stated, his gaze fixed on the sizable assembly of penguins within the lab. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “I have an idea to stay warm!” Tom shouted excitedly. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Two and a half hours later, the parents returned with help. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 9．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My brother Mike and I were in the back seat playing the guessing game I Spy (发现) when the snowstorm started. Fat clumps (丛) of white, like a million cotton balls, landed on our car and stuck there. “I spy something white.” I said. “No fair,” said Mike. “Everything looks white. ” He was right. In the hour since we’d left grandma’s house in Nebraska to return to our house in Illinois, the weather had gotten worse. The flat Nebraska land gave way to lowa hills as steep as roller coasters. The roads were slippery. “I meant Mom’s white coat,” I told Mike. “Your turn.” “I spy something blue,” Mike said. Dad spoke to Mom. “I don’t like the looks of this.” He was whispering, but I heard him. “It’s getting harder to see anything.” Mom nodded. “The forecast mentioned snow showers, but this looks more serious than that. On either side of the highway, deep valleys were filled with snow. As the car moved slowly on the icy road, I noticed Dad’s hands were tight on the steering wheel (方向盘). “Guess!” Mike insisted. “The blue highway sign?” I guessed, although it was hard to read it. Wet snow blocked most of the letters. I looked around. “The blue hat on the girl in the car behind us? ” “Yes! ” Mike laughed. “Your turn. ” At that moment, our car made a turn suddenly toward a valley, and Mom yelled. Dad managed to straighten the wheel and stay on the road. My heart pounded like I was in a race. I pressed my face against the cold window. Tire tracks on the road showed how dangerous it was! If we went down, how would we ever get out? Nobody talked. Mike and I stopped playing I Spy. It was like we were all helping Dad drive by holding our breath. The only sound was the swish-boom, swish-boom of the wipers (雨刮器). “We need to get off and wait out this storm,” Dad said. “But I can hardly see the road, let alone an exit.” 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “I spy something red!” I shouted. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ We saw a red sign EAT HERE near the exit. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 10．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 In the heart of the Arctic Fox Observatory, Lily, a young and spirited girl, watched her brother Alex softly fondling (抚摸) a fox curled up in his arms like pets. As children of the observatory’s researchers, they were no strangers to those joyful Arctic creatures and often saw them happily leaping up and down, digging holes in the snow for warmth, and chasing after their prey (猎物). Of the two, Alex seemed to be more attracted to those furry balls and formed a particularly strong bond with these lovely friends. “We’re not small kids, Alex. It’s high time we matured and stopped treating there search foxes like pets,” Lily said. Alex, said, in disagreement, “But they seem to enjoy my fondling and respond to me!” Smiling softly, Lily jokingly called him “fox charmer”. But Alex just smiled and turned blind eyes to it. Suddenly, an urgent alarm set off, followed by flashing red lights, indicating there were troubles. Rushing to see what was happening, they discovered the surroundings were colder than ever, with frost beginning to form on the wall. Never had Lily seen such a sight within the Observatory. “The heating system must have failed,” she exclaimed in disbelief. Wasting no time, Lily sent their parents a message, who were doing fieldwork outside. Now, it was up to Lily and Alex to face the extreme cold themselves and survive the extreme cold until help arrived. As time went by, their bodies began to shake uncontrollably. “We must do something or we'll freeze to death!” Lily cried loudly in desperation. With panic setting in, Alex’s eyes noticed that the pack of foxes huddled together in the snow just now began to dig a snow hole. In a moment of inspiration, he remembered how the foxes would dig deep into the snow to insulate (隔绝) themselves from the extreme cold, creating a warm environment beneath the frozen Arctic land. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “I’ve got an idea to keep us warm!” Alex smiled and comforted his sister. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After more than two hours, their parents returned with assistance. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 1．     Kelly watched her say “hello” to the girl in the bed nearest the door. Ms. Robbins was nice to everyone. She moved through the room, stopping at every bedside for a short exchange. Then she made her way to Kelly. She looked down at Kelly and smiled. A genuine smile, like the one Kelly had seen on the TV. Kelly could happily feel that Ms. Robbins didn’t care that she wasn’t pretty or laugh at her cast. Then Ms. Robbins reached out and lightly touched Kelly’s arm, saying, “What a pretty girl!” Kelly could hardly believe her ears because almost nobody except her parents had ever called her that. Then she heard Ms. Robbins add, “Being strong-willed makes you prettier!” Ms. Robbins’ words really touched little Kelly. Kelly couldn’t know for sure whether Ms. Robbins changed the life of other children in the ward in the way that she changed Kelly. But she did know that by the time her cast came off, she reentered the world with a different mindset. She was no longer disturbed by the boys at school, not caring what those boys said about her. She became a confident and positive girl! 【总体分析】本文以故事发展的顺序为线索展开，讲述了12岁的凯利因为脊柱侧弯而需要接受手术，术后她不得不在医院的石膏包裹中平躺，感到孤独和失落。她经常受到同学们的嘲笑和欺凌，这使她对自己的外貌和未来感到不安和沮丧。经历了一段困难时期，但最终通过一位她敬佩的公众人物罗宾斯的鼓励和支持找到了力量和希望。 【过程详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“凯利看着她对离门最近的床上的女孩说‘你好’。”可知，第一段可描写“罗宾斯女士看望病床上的每个人，然后向凯利走去，说凯利是很漂亮的一个女孩子。”的相关细节。 ②由第二段首句内容“凯利简直不敢相信自己的耳朵，因为除了她的父母，几乎没有人这么叫过她。”可知，第二段可描写“罗宾斯继续鼓励凯利面对困难，凯利决定以积极的心态面对生活！”的相关细节。 2.续写线索：罗宾斯看望每个病人——罗宾斯表扬凯利——凯利非常开心——罗宾斯鼓励凯利——凯利积极面对生活 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①嘲笑：laugh at/make fun of ②触碰：touch/stroke ③改变：change/alter 情绪类 ①开心地：happily/delightedly ②使烦恼：disturb/annoy 【高分句型1】Then Ms. Robbins reached out and lightly touched Kelly’s arm, saying, “What a pretty girl!” (使用了现在分词作状语) 【高分句型2】Kelly couldn’t know for sure whether Ms. Robbins changed the life of other children in the ward in the way that she changed Kelly. (使用了whether引导的宾语从句以及that引导的限制性定语从句) 2． There, underneath the tree, was a beautifully packed gift box. Inside it was the “doll!” I expected. With butterflies in my stomach, I breathed deeply and then opened it expectantly. However, much to my disappointment, it was nothing like the one that we saw at the store. She wore a plain skirt with a simple face. Her black woolen hair was pulled back in a pony tail, with no shiny tiara at all, not to mention the crystal shoes. In a word, the doll was nothing like Cinderella; she looked more like her ugly stepsister. But I could see my mother watching me, with an eager look on her face. Thinking of mom staying up late into the night making the doll for me, I knew mom would be sad if she knew what I really felt. Hiding my disappointment, I shouted with delight, “She’s hard to resist! Thanks, Mom!” A relieved smile appeared on my mother’s face. From time to time, I would take the “ugly stepsister” out and admire it. It is a reminder of my mother’s love. Her love attached to the doll will make me happy even if things don’t always tick all the right boxes. 【总体分析】本文以事件为线索展开，讲述了作者和妈妈在购物的时候看见一个心爱的娃娃，由于家里没有足够的钱，作者的妈妈熬夜为作者制作娃娃，作者在圣诞节收到了妈妈做的娃娃，尽管娃娃很丑，作者依然感受到母亲的爱的故事。 【过程详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“在树下，有一个包装精美的礼品盒。”可知，第一段可描写作者发现娃娃。 ②由第二段首句内容“总之，这个娃娃一点也不像灰姑娘；她看起来更像她丑陋的继妹。”可知，第二段可描写作者虽然不喜欢娃娃但是还是感谢妈妈的爱。 2.续写线索：发现橱窗里的娃娃——妈妈自己做娃娃——收到娃娃——观察娃娃——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①深呼吸：breathe deeply/take a deep breath ②想起：think of /consider   ③拒绝：resist /refuse 情绪类 ①感到紧张：with butterflies in my stomach /being nervous ②高兴：delight /pleasure [高分句型1] However, much to my disappointment, it was nothing like the one that we saw at the store.（由关系代词that引导的定语从句） [高分句型2] Her love attached to the doll will make me happy even if things don’t always tick all the right boxes.（由连词even if引导的让步状语从句） 3． However, things didn’t go as expected. Mom came over in a hurry with an anxious look. Turning to Amy, her eyes filled with compassion, Mom said, “It’s okay, Amy. Accidents happen. We all love you and Leo equally. Remember, family is about sharing and understanding, not fighting over things.” Amy’s heart softened as she realized her mother’s words were true. She felt a wave of relief wash over her, knowing that she hadn’t lost her parents’ love. With a better understanding of family and love, Amy’s attitude towards Leo changed. She began to see him not as a threat to her position but as a precious addition to their family. As they worked on sewing the doll back together, Amy taught Leo how to thread the needle and make small stitches. The process brought them closer, and Amy found joy in seeing Leo’s excitement at every successful stitch. They even decorated the doll with colorful patches, making it unique and special again. From then on, Amy made an effort to include Leo in her activities and playtime. She realized that love wasn’t something that had to be divided; it multiplied when shared. 【总体分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了艾米自出生以来已经在父母的怀抱中生活了五年，她一直享受着父母独特的关注。然而，当这个家庭有了一个新成员，她的弟弟利奥时，情况开始发生变化。看到父母越来越关心小婴儿，听到越来越多的人说她的父母不会再爱她了，艾米变得敏感起来。担心自己在父母心中的地位，她开始对小利奥产生难以理解的抵触。 【过程详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“然而，事情并没有像预期的那样发展。妈妈焦急地匆匆走过来”可知，第一段可描写妈妈表达对艾米的理解和爱意。 ②由第二段首句内容“随着对家庭和爱情有了更好的理解，艾米对里奥的态度也发生了变化。”可知，第二段可描写艾米和里奥的关系缓和以及艾米的感悟。 2.续写线索：妈妈焦急走来——表示理解艾米——艾米如释重负——对里奥态度改变——艾米感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①记住：remember/keep in mind ②充满：be filled with /be full of ③意识到：realize/be aware of 情绪类 ①快乐：joy/happiness ②爱：love/affection [高分句型1] As they worked on sewing the doll back together, Amy taught Leo how to thread the needle and make small stitches. (运用了as引导时间状语从句) [高分句型2] She realized that love wasn’t something that had to be divided; it multiplied when shared. (运用了that引导宾语从句) 4． I felt it was time to bring up my childhood wish again, but this time, it had a deeper meaning. It wasn’t just about fulfilling my own desire but about giving my father a reason to hope. Hesitantly, I suggested we could adopt Bumpus. To my surprise, my father didn’t dismiss the idea outright. Instead, he sat quietly, considering the possibility. A few days later, he agreed to visit the rescue center with me. Seeing Bumpus struggle but still purring, my father’s heart melted. He agreed, and we brought Bumpus home, believing this brave creature might help heal our family. Once we got home, I began showing my father how to look after Bumpus. In the following weeks, my father, as I had taught him, attentively looked after Bumpus at home. Bumpus began to regain his strength, his fur growing back and his eyes brightening noticeably. As Bumpus healed, my father transformed too. He started to smile more, finding joy in the moments they shared. The once gloomy atmosphere in our home lifted, replaced by laughter and warmth. Caring for Bumpus gave my father a renewed sense of purpose and a way to focus his energy on something meaningful. This mutual healing process brought our family closer, showing us the profound impact of love and perseverance. 【总体分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者救助了一只受伤的猫，和讨厌猫的父亲建议收养Bumpus，结果父亲同意了。Bumpus的到来也改变了父亲，让父亲变得更加积极和开朗。 【过程详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我觉得是时候再次提出我童年的愿望了，但这一次，它有更深的含义”可知，第一段可描写作者建议收养Bumpus，父亲没有拒绝。 ②由第二段首句内容“在接下来的几个星期里，我的父亲，就像我教他的那样，在家里专心地照顾着Bumpus”可知，第二段可描写父亲照顾Bumpus，从中有了改变。 2.续写线索：提出收养Bumpus——父亲同意——父亲照顾Bumpus——父亲有了更多微笑——作者感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①实现：fulfill/realize ②开始：begin/start ③同意：agree/approve 情绪类 ①惊讶：surprise/astonishment ②深远：profound/ far-reaching [高分句型1] Seeing Bumpus struggle but still purring, my father’s heart melted. (运用了现在分词作状语) [高分句型2] As Bumpus healed, my father transformed too. (运用了as引导时间状语从句) 5． There were very few people in the street due to the bad weather. Thinking of his granddaughter still outside in such bad weather, he was filled with endless anxiety and worry. Suddenly, a gust of wind blew, grandfather’s raincoat was blown up. Then grandfather slipped, and he fell to the ground, leaving his hands hurt. The pain in his hands filled her with helplessness and despair. He felt his body shaking uncontrollably and his hands were trembled unconsciously from the pain. However, he did not give up, knew and determined that he had to stand on his feet. He gritted his teeth and tried again and again.Full of determination, he knew he could not let the unexpected defeat. Not knowing how many times he tried, grandfather finally stood in the wind and rain. Then he stumbled on,dragging his heavy steps. Through the heavy rain, Adale dimly saw a familiar figure. As the figure came closer and closer, she was surprised that the man was her grandfather. Looking at grandfather’s wet hair, bleeding hands, and dirty raincoat, she couldn’t help feeling guilty and distressed. She cried and asked, “Why do you come to me in this heavy rain?” “It’s late and it’s raining so hard. I’m just worried about you,” grandfather replied with a smile. She couldn’t stop hugging her grandfather and whispered in his ear, “I’m so sorry, grandfather.” Then She took grandfather to the hospital. She learned to take care of her grandfather in the way he had taken care of her. She began to learn to listen to her grandfather, and take care of his daily life and diet. Before long, grandfather gradually recovered. In this process, Adale gradually realized the preciousness of family affection and learned to be grateful. She became closer to her grandfather, becoming a better person. Sometimes, family likes a lamp in the fog, guiding you the way ahead and illuminating your direction. 【总体分析】本文以人物关系为线索展开，主要讲述了爷爷冒雨去接参加朋友生日的孙女艾德尔，最终感化叛逆孙女的故事。 【过程详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“由于天气不好，街上的人很少。”可知，第一段可描写爷爷去接孙女的路上所遭遇的困难。 ②由第二段首句“透过大雨，艾德尔模模糊糊地看到了一个熟悉的身影。”可知，第二段可描写爱德尔对爷爷冒雨找她的反应以及事情的结果。 续写线索：爷爷冒雨出门——爷爷摔倒受伤——仍旧坚持去接孙女———艾德尔看到爷爷的反应——彼此坦诚，互相理解——良好结果 词汇激活： 行为类： ①滑倒：slipped/fell to ②站起来：stand on his feet/stand up ③小声说：whispered/speak in a low voice 情绪类： ①担心：worry/concern ②愧疚的：guilty/ashamed ③笑：smile/laugh 【高分句型1】She became closer to her grandfather, becoming a better person. (运用了现在分词作状语) 【高分句型2】Not knowing how many times he tried, grandfather finally stood in the wind and rain. (运用了how引导的宾语从句) 6． She jumped onto her chair as she screamed in horror. A few girls held their breath in shock and some rushed out of the classroom. The other classmates and I burst into laughter. I thought, “Serve you right, Jane! You should not have told Ms Tan about what we did!” “Silence!” Ms Tan shouted, glaring at all of us. Silence filled the classroom. “Who did this?” Seeing Jane still standing on her chair, her eyes widened and face pale, I felt regretful for what I had done suddenly. Gathering all my courage, I decided to tell the truth. “…I did… it,” I said in a low voice. Ms Tan criticized me and commanded me to apologize and take back the frog. Following my lead, John and Tom stood up and apologized too. Fortunately, Jane forgave us willingly. I breathed a sigh of relief. That day, regret welled up within me as I thought about the prank I had played on poor Jane. My heart sank with guilt over how Jane had easily and kindly forgiven us. I realized that we should not have played a prank on such a kind girl. 【总体分析】本文以事件发展为线索展开，讲述了作者和朋友们为了报复班长Jane向老师告状，而将一只青蛙放进她的书包里，最终作者意识到自己的错误并向Jane道歉的故事。 【过程详解】段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“她惊恐地尖叫着跳到了椅子上。”可知，第一段可描写Jane发现青蛙后的反应以及同学们的不同表现，同时作者开始反思自己的行为。 ②由第二段首句内容“我鼓起所有的勇气，决定说出真相。”可知，第二段可描写作者承认错误，John和Tom也跟随作者一起道歉，最后Jane原谅了他们，作者深感后悔。 续写线索：Jane的反应——同学们的反应——作者的反思——承认错误——John和Tom的道歉——Jane的原谅——作者的后悔 词汇激活 行为类 ①尖叫：scream/cry out ②批评：criticize/condemn ③原谅：forgive/clear the air 情绪类 ①震惊：shocked/stunned ②后悔：regretful/remorseful [高分句型1]. Seeing Jane still standing on her chair, her eyes widened and face pale, I felt regretful for what I had done suddenly.（使用了现在分词短语作状语） [高分句型2]. That day, regret welled up within me as I thought about the prank I had played on poor Jane.（使用了as引导的时间状语从句） 7． She checked it, surprised to find there was a new vacuum bottle for kids in it. Seeing it, Bill took the vacuum bottle from Nancy and jumped up and down with joy. With her heart beating fast, Nancy wondered whether they should give it back. However, thinking how worried the owner must have been, she bent down and looked at Bill, saying, “No, Bill. We should give it back.” Hearing it, Bill cried, but Nancy didn’t change her mind. Then, after some explanation, little Bill seemed to understand and finally nodded, supporting her idea. Based on the in formation on the business card, Nancy made up her mind to call the owner. The phone was answered by a woman after a few rings and Nancy explained the matter to her. The owner expressed her gratitude and said she would go to pick up the bag instantly. Before long, the owner arrived and Nancy handed the bag to her. She was so thankful that she insisted on giving Nancy some money. The woman also offered to give the new vacuum bottle to Bill when she saw Bill was quite fond of it. However, Nancy declined politely. In her opinion, doing a good thing doesn’t mean trying to get a reward. It shows good human nature. 【总体分析】本文以时间为线索展开，讲述了Nancy，一位年轻的母亲，在一个星期六的早晨感到有些沮丧，因为她需要为儿子Bill买一个新的保温瓶，但预算有限，不得不决定以后再买。为了改善心情，她决定提前带Bill去海滩散步。在市中心的人行道上，她发现了一个棕色纸袋，里面有一个小手提包和一些卡片，卡片上有主人的名字和电话号码，以及一个未知的盒子。Nancy猜测这个袋子可能是前一天晚上或白天被人遗失的，她对盒子里的内容感到好奇。 【过程详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“她检查了一下，惊讶地发现里面有一个给孩子们用的新保温瓶”可知，第一段可描写Bill看到瓶子很开心，Nancy犹豫要不要把新保温瓶还回去，以及Nancy说服Bill应该把东西还给主人。 ②由第二段首句内容“根据名片上的信息，Nancy决定打电话给这个主人”可知，第二段可描写Nancy告知这个主人经过，主人过来取东西并表示感谢，以及Nancy礼貌拒绝主人的回报，揭示对做好事的理解。 2. 续写线索：盒子里是新保温瓶——Nancy犹豫是否归还物品——Nancy决定归还物品——Nancy给主人打电话——主人取东西并感谢——Nancy拒绝回报 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①哭泣：cry/weep/shed tears ②解释：explain/clarify ③表达：express/convey ④拒绝：decline/refuse/turn down 情绪类 ①开心：joy/delight/happiness ②担心的：worried/bothered/concerned ③感激的：thankful/grateful [高分句型1] With her heart beating fast, Nancy wondered whether they should give it back. (whether引导宾语从句) [高分句型2] She was so thankful that she insisted on giving Nancy some money. (so…that…引导结果状语从句) 8．      “I have an idea to stay warm!” Tom shouted excitedly. “We can mimic the emperor penguins’ behavior. Let’s huddle together for warmth, just like they do in the harsh conditions of the Pole.” So, they began to implement Tom’s idea. They found a spot in the lab that was relatively sheltered from the wind and started to huddle close to each other, sharing body heat. Time seemed to slow down as they waited for help to arrive, but their shared warmth made the wait more bearable.     Two and a half hours later, the parents returned with help. Upon seeing their children huddling together, they were relieved to find them safe and warm. The quick thinking of Tom and Mary had not only kept them comfortable but also given them a firsthand lesson in the survival tactics of the emperor penguins. 【总体分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作为实验室科研人员后代的Mary和Tom在南极企鹅研究实验室观察企鹅，突然警报响起，供暖系统出现故障，Mary立刻通知在外埋头研究的父母研究小组，在焦急地等待中，他们看到企鹅挤在一起取暖，它们向内挤向中心，然后又移回外围，再次与同伴的流动作斗争，以重新获得群体内心的温暖。 【过程详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“‘我有一个保暖的主意！’Tom兴奋地喊道。”可知，第一段可描写Tom和Mary模仿企鹅的行为，和企鹅一起取暖。 ②由第二段首句内容“两个半小时后，父母带着救援人员回来了。”可知，第二段可描写大人们惊讶地发现孩子们和企鹅团在一起从而保持温暖活了下来。 2.续写线索：想出办法——实施——共同取暖——大人返回——感到松了口气 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①模仿：mimic/imitate ②实施：implement/carry out ③给某人上了一课：give sb a lesson/teach sb a lesson 情绪类 ①兴奋：excitedly/with excitement ②松了口气：be relieved/sigh with relief [高分句型1] They found a spot in the lab that was relatively sheltered from the wind and started to huddle close to each other, sharing body heat.（由关系词that引导定语从句） [高分句型2] Time seemed to slow down as they waited for help to arrive, but their shared warmth made the wait more bearable.（由连词as引导时间状语从句） 9．     “I spy something red!” I shouted. “Not now, Kenny,” Dad scolded. “I saw a red, blinking light high in the sky. They were red words,” I continued. “Let’s stop playing the game,” Mom said. But I had seen it. “It was like one of those really tall signs that flash GAS or FOOD like we’ve seen near exits.” Dad glanced at me and then hesitantly looked out of the window. Then, slowly, Dad drove, straining to see. The tires whined as he tried to go up the icy road. “You’re right!” Mom cried, pointing ahead. We saw a red sign EAT HERE near the exit. All of us let out a big breath. Dad inched the car toward the exit. We finally slipped and slid our way into the parking lot. Parking the car, we then got out of the car and trudged through the deepening snow to the diner. Once inside, we ordered hot soup and bread. It never tasted so good. In the warm diner, we talked about this unforgettable experience. “We wouldn’t have found it,” Dad said, winking at me, “if we weren’t riding with someone who’s very good at I Spy.” 【总体分析】本文以人物为线索，主要讲述了作者一家在返回伊利诺伊州家中的途中遭遇暴风雪，经历了一次惊心动魄的行车过程。在行车过程中，作者和弟弟Mike在后座玩“我发现”的猜谜游戏，而父母则紧张地应对着越来越恶劣的天气和路况。最终，父亲决定需要找到出口下车等待暴风雪过去，但路况之危险使得这一决定实施起来异常艰难。 【过程详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段首句““我发现了红色的东西！”我喊道。”可知，本段可描写在暴风雪中行车时，作者通过玩“我发现”的游戏看到了红色闪烁标志，起初被父亲忽视，但随后母亲也确认，指引父亲朝该方向前进。 ②由第二段首句“我们看到出口附近有一个红色的“这里吃”标志。”可知，本段可描写作者一家最终见到“EAT HERE”的标志，顺利找到避风港——一家温馨餐厅，共享美食与欢笑。 2.续写线索：看到红色标志——父母怀疑——母亲确认——找到餐馆的标志——顺利进入停车场——就餐——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①瞥了一眼：glance/looked briefly ②努力看清楚：strain to see/try hard to see ③慢慢移动：inch/creep/move slowly 情绪类 ①如释重负的：let out a big breath/be relieved ②难忘的：unforgettable/memorable 【高分句型1】The tires whined as he tried to go up the icy road.（运用了as引导的时间状语从句） 【高分句型2】“We wouldn’t have found it,” Dad said, winking at me, “if we weren’t riding with someone who’s very good at I Spy.”（运用了if引导的条件状语从句，who引导的限定性定语从句） 10． “I’ve got an idea to keep us warm!” Alex smiled and comforted his sister. “We can dig a snow hole like the foxes do. It’ll trap heat and protect us from the bitter cold.” Lily’s eyes lit up with hope as she nodded eagerly. Together, they started digging into the snow, using their hands and whatever tools they could find nearby. Their movements were slow and arduous, but their determination kept them going. As they dug deeper, they felt the temperature around them rising slightly, giving them a much-needed boost of energy. Finally, they collapsed into the small snow cave they had created, hugging each other tightly for warmth. After more than two hours, their parents returned with assistance. They had heard Lily’s message and rushed back as soon as they could. Upon seeing the makeshift snow cave, their parents were both relieved and impressed. “You two are incredible,” their father said, his voice filled with pride. “We’ll get you out of here safely now.” With the help of the team, Lily and Alex were carefully extracted from the snow cave and wrapped in warm blankets. As they sat in the relative warmth of the Observatory’s emergency shelter, sipping hot chocolate, they couldn’t help but smile at each other, grateful for their ingenuity and the unbreakable bond they shared. From that day on, they appreciated the Arctic foxes even more, not just for their beauty but also for the valuable lesson that they had taught them about survival. 【总体分析】文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了在北极狐观测站，一对兄妹——莉莉和亚历克斯——在观测站遭遇突发故障，暖气系统失效，导致观测站内温度骤降，两人面临极端寒冷的生存挑战。作为观测站研究人员的孩子，他们对北极狐并不陌生，尤其是亚历克斯与这些北极狐建立了深厚的情感。在寒冷威胁下，两人必须依靠自己寻找生存之道。正当他们绝望之际，亚历克斯受到北极狐挖雪洞保暖行为的启发，意识到他们也可以模仿这一行为来抵御严寒，从而可能拯救自己的生命。 【过程详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段首句内容““我有一个保暖的主意!”亚历克斯微笑着安慰妹妹。”可知，第一段可描写主意的具体内容以及兄妹俩采取行动的过程。 ②由第二段首句内容“两个多小时后，他们的父母带着救援回来了。”可知，第二段可描写父母回来救出兄妹俩的过程以及感悟。 2.续写线索：挖雪洞——拥抱取暖——父母看到雪洞，松了一口气——救出兄妹俩——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 保护：protect/preserve 拥抱：hug/embrace 充满：be filled with/be full of 情绪类 难以置信的：incredible/unbelievable 感激的：grateful/appreciative [高分句型1] As they dug deeper, they felt the temperature around them rising slightly, giving them a much-needed boost of energy.（运用了as引导时间状语从句） [高分句型2] From that day on, they appreciated the Arctic foxes even more, not just for their beauty but also for the valuable lesson that they had taught them about survival.（运用了that引导限制性定语从句） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$