专题17 全国甲卷阅读理解C篇核心词汇及长难句分解与提升训练 导学案-2025届高三英语一轮复习

2024年高考英语真题核心词汇及长难句 逐题分解与提升训练 专题17 新高考Ⅱ卷：阅读理解C篇 Ⅰ.通读真题原文 Ⅱ.提取核心词汇 Ш.剖析长难句子 Ⅳ.打靶提升训练 【通读真题原文】 【文章大意】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述政府赞助了五辆名为圣卢卡斯的医疗列车为俄罗斯中部和东部偏远地区每年提供为期10个月的巡回医疗服务，为乡村居民提供基本医疗检查和治疗，改善当地医疗条件。 原文再现 参考译文 The Saint Lukas train doesn’t accept passengers — it accepts only the sick. The Saint Lukas is one of five government-sponsored medical trains that travel to remote towns in central and eastern Russia. Each stop lasts an average of two days, and during that time the doctors and nurses on board provide rural (乡村) populations with basic medical care, X-ray scans and prescriptions. “People started queuing to make an appointment early in the morning,” says Emile Ducke, a German photographer who traveled with the staff of the Saint Lukas for a two-week trip in November through the vast regions (区域) of Krasnoyarsk and Khakassia. Russia’s public health care service has been in serious need of modernization. The government has struggled to come up with measures to address the problem, particularly in the poorer, rural areas east of the Volga River, including arranging doctor’s appointments by video chat and expanding financial aid programs to motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk. The annual arrival of the Saint Lukas is another attempt to improve the situation. For 10 months every year, the train stops at about eight stations over two weeks, before returning to the regional capital to refuel and restock (补给). Then it starts all over again the next month. Most stations wait about a year between visits. Doctors see up to 150 patients every day. The train’s equipment allows for basic checkups. “I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned,” says Ducke. “They were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want. ” 8．How is the Saint Lukas different from other trains? A．It runs across countries. B．It reserves seats for the seniors. C．It functions as a hospital. D．It travels along a river. 9．What can we infer from paragraph 3 about Krasnoyarsk? A．It is heavily populated. B．It offers training for doctors. C．It is a modern city. D．It needs medical aid. 10．How long can the Saint Lukas work with one supply? A．About a year. B．About ten months. C．About two months. D．About two weeks. 11．What is Ducke’s attitude toward the Saint Lukas’ services? A．Appreciative B．Doubtful C．Ambiguous D．Cautious 圣卢卡斯火车不接受乘客，只接受病人。圣卢卡斯是五列政府资助的医疗列车之一，这些列车前往俄罗斯中部和东部的偏远城镇。每次停留平均持续两天，在此期间，船上的医生和护士为农村人口提供基本医疗服务、X射线扫描和处方。 “人们一大早就开始排队预约，”德国摄影师Emile Ducke说，他在11月与圣卢卡斯的工作人员一起在克拉斯诺亚尔斯克和哈卡斯的广大地区进行了为期两周的旅行。 俄罗斯的公共卫生服务亟需现代化。政府一直在努力提出解决这一问题的措施，特别是在伏尔加河以东较贫穷的农村地区，包括通过视频聊天安排医生预约，扩大财政援助计划，以激励医生在克拉斯诺亚尔斯克等偏远地区行医。 圣卢卡斯的年度到来是改善这种情况的又一次尝试。每年有10个月，火车在两周内停在大约8个车站，然后返回地区首府加油和补货。然后在下个月重新开始。大多数车站在两次访问之间等待大约一年。 医生每天为多达150名患者看病。列车的设备允许进行基本检查。杜克说：“医生和他们的助手在这么小的空间里工作和生活，但仍然保持专注和非常关心，给我留下了深刻的印象。”。“对于许多农村人来说，这是获得他们想要的治疗的最佳机会。” 8.圣卢卡斯列车与其他列车有何不同？ A.它横跨各国。 B.它为老年人预留座位。 C.它起着医院的作用。 D.它沿着一条河行进。 9.关于克拉斯诺亚尔斯克，我们可以从第3段推断出什么？ A.人口稠密。 B.它为医生提供培训。 C.这是一个现代化的城市。 D.它需要医疗救助。 10.圣卢卡一次供应能工作多久？ A.大约一年。 B.大约十个月。 C.大约两个月。 D.大约两周。 11.杜克对圣卢卡斯的服务持什么态度？ A.赞赏 B.怀疑 C.模棱两可 D.谨慎 【提取核心词汇】 sponsor n. 发起者，主办者；担保者；倡议者，提案人；后援组织 vt. 赞助 prescription n. [医]药方，处方；处方药；训令，指示；法规 staff n. 全体职工；行政人群；拐杖 v. 任职于… struggle v. 奋斗；艰难行进；斗争；辩论 n. 搏斗；难事 financial adj. 财政的，财务的；金融的；有钱的 annual adj. 每年的；一年一次的；全年的 n. 年报，年刊 checkup n. 检查，核对；体格检查 【剖析长难句子】 1. Each stop lasts an average of two days, and during that time the doctors and nurses on board provide rural (乡村) populations with basic medical care, X-ray scans and prescriptions. 【分析】 1.主句: Each stop lasts an average of two days 谓语: lasts 宾语: an average of two days 2.并列主句: during that time the doctors and nurses on board provide rural populations with basic medical care, X-ray scans and prescriptions 谓语: provide 宾语: rural populations 补充说明: with basic medical care, X-ray scans and prescriptions 2. The government has struggled to come up with measures to address the problem, particularly in the poorer, rural areas east of the Volga River, including arranging doctor’s appointments by video chat and expanding financial aid programs to motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk. 【分析】 1.主句: The government has struggled to come up with measures to address the problem 谓语: has struggled 宾语: to come up with measures to address the problem 状语: particularly in the poorer, rural areas east of the Volga River 2.连词: particularly 介词短语: in the poorer, rural areas east of the Volga River 现在分词短语: including arranging doctor’s appointments by video chat and expanding financial aid programs to motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk 3.现在分词: including 宾语: arranging doctor’s appointments by video chat and expanding financial aid programs 目的状语: to motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk 【打靶提升训练】 一、单词拼写 1．The library may sponsor a language group you could join. If you have difficulty reading, ask about special reading o (机会). (根据中英文提示填空) 2．In general, a surgeon is a doctor who operates on patients while a p is one who gives prescriptions (处方). (根据首字母单词拼写) 3．There’s a staff (餐厅) for everyone and there’s a smarter restaurant for the management. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 4．Workers are struggling for a clean (餐厅) and healthy food. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 5．The war had put an insupportable financial b on the country. (根据首字母单词拼写) 6．Many people are aware that it is necessary to go to the hospital to be (检查) annually. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 7．— What do researchers hope to do for older drivers? — (组织) regular physical checkups. 二、语法填空 8．The carnival held in our school last week (sponsor) by several famous graduates. （所给词的适当形式填空） 9．In a day, this doctor writes 30 (prescription) for patients. 10．Please convey my thanks to all the staff (involve); they did an excellent job. (所给词的适当形式填空) 11．After receiving a message from Rylee Anderson, 12, she was struggling with a math problem, Waba grabbed a whiteboard and hurried to her front door. (用适当的词填空) 12．She would like to be more (financial) independent. She hated asking for money again and again. (所给词的适当形式填空) 13．Beijing’s new international airport put into use in 2019 serves 72 million passengers   (annual).(所给词的适当形式填空) 14．If you have (normal) blood pressure, you should have regular checkups. （所给词的适当形式填空） 15．The doctors gave her a general checkup so as (find) out the cause of her illness. （用所给词的适当形式填空） 三、完成句子 16．被他的事迹打动，车主拒绝了(赔偿)，并主动提出资助陈上学。 , the car owner declined and offered to sponsor Chen’s education. 17．女教师占比13%，她们都同意这个项目，但还是要警惕火灾。 Women teachers who 30 percent of the staff all agree to the project, but we still should our eyes open fires. 18．尽管很虚弱，珍妮挣扎着站起来，继续寻求帮助。(形容词开头) , Jenny struggled to her feet, continuing searching for assistance. 19．当你开始有经济问题时，你必须跟踪记录你支付的频率。 When you start having financial problems, you have to your spending. 20．我想把你们的参观推迟到那时，因为下周即将召开一年一次的交通会议。 I would like to until then as the annual Traffic Conference is coming up next week. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024年高考英语真题核心词汇及长难句 逐题分解与提升训练 专题17 新高考Ⅱ卷：阅读理解C篇 Ⅰ.通读真题原文 Ⅱ.提取核心词汇 Ш.剖析长难句子 Ⅳ.打靶提升训练 【通读真题原文】 【文章大意】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述政府赞助了五辆名为圣卢卡斯的医疗列车为俄罗斯中部和东部偏远地区每年提供为期10个月的巡回医疗服务，为乡村居民提供基本医疗检查和治疗，改善当地医疗条件。 原文再现 参考译文 The Saint Lukas train doesn’t accept passengers — it accepts only the sick. The Saint Lukas is one of five government-sponsored medical trains that travel to remote towns in central and eastern Russia. Each stop lasts an average of two days, and during that time the doctors and nurses on board provide rural (乡村) populations with basic medical care, X-ray scans and prescriptions. “People started queuing to make an appointment early in the morning,” says Emile Ducke, a German photographer who traveled with the staff of the Saint Lukas for a two-week trip in November through the vast regions (区域) of Krasnoyarsk and Khakassia. Russia’s public health care service has been in serious need of modernization. The government has struggled to come up with measures to address the problem, particularly in the poorer, rural areas east of the Volga River, including arranging doctor’s appointments by video chat and expanding financial aid programs to motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk. The annual arrival of the Saint Lukas is another attempt to improve the situation. For 10 months every year, the train stops at about eight stations over two weeks, before returning to the regional capital to refuel and restock (补给). Then it starts all over again the next month. Most stations wait about a year between visits. Doctors see up to 150 patients every day. The train’s equipment allows for basic checkups. “I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned,” says Ducke. “They were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want. ” 8．How is the Saint Lukas different from other trains? A．It runs across countries. B．It reserves seats for the seniors. C．It functions as a hospital. D．It travels along a river. 9．What can we infer from paragraph 3 about Krasnoyarsk? A．It is heavily populated. B．It offers training for doctors. C．It is a modern city. D．It needs medical aid. 10．How long can the Saint Lukas work with one supply? A．About a year. B．About ten months. C．About two months. D．About two weeks. 11．What is Ducke’s attitude toward the Saint Lukas’ services? A．Appreciative B．Doubtful C．Ambiguous D．Cautious 圣卢卡斯火车不接受乘客，只接受病人。圣卢卡斯是五列政府资助的医疗列车之一，这些列车前往俄罗斯中部和东部的偏远城镇。每次停留平均持续两天，在此期间，船上的医生和护士为农村人口提供基本医疗服务、X射线扫描和处方。 “人们一大早就开始排队预约，”德国摄影师Emile Ducke说，他在11月与圣卢卡斯的工作人员一起在克拉斯诺亚尔斯克和哈卡斯的广大地区进行了为期两周的旅行。 俄罗斯的公共卫生服务亟需现代化。政府一直在努力提出解决这一问题的措施，特别是在伏尔加河以东较贫穷的农村地区，包括通过视频聊天安排医生预约，扩大财政援助计划，以激励医生在克拉斯诺亚尔斯克等偏远地区行医。 圣卢卡斯的年度到来是改善这种情况的又一次尝试。每年有10个月，火车在两周内停在大约8个车站，然后返回地区首府加油和补货。然后在下个月重新开始。大多数车站在两次访问之间等待大约一年。 医生每天为多达150名患者看病。列车的设备允许进行基本检查。杜克说：“医生和他们的助手在这么小的空间里工作和生活，但仍然保持专注和非常关心，给我留下了深刻的印象。”。“对于许多农村人来说，这是获得他们想要的治疗的最佳机会。” 8.圣卢卡斯列车与其他列车有何不同？ A.它横跨各国。 B.它为老年人预留座位。 C.它起着医院的作用。 D.它沿着一条河行进。 9.关于克拉斯诺亚尔斯克，我们可以从第3段推断出什么？ A.人口稠密。 B.它为医生提供培训。 C.这是一个现代化的城市。 D.它需要医疗救助。 10.圣卢卡一次供应能工作多久？ A.大约一年。 B.大约十个月。 C.大约两个月。 D.大约两周。 11.杜克对圣卢卡斯的服务持什么态度？ A.赞赏 B.怀疑 C.模棱两可 D.谨慎 【提取核心词汇】 sponsor n. 发起者，主办者；担保者；倡议者，提案人；后援组织 vt. 赞助 prescription n. [医]药方，处方；处方药；训令，指示；法规 staff n. 全体职工；行政人群；拐杖 v. 任职于… struggle v. 奋斗；艰难行进；斗争；辩论 n. 搏斗；难事 financial adj. 财政的，财务的；金融的；有钱的 annual adj. 每年的；一年一次的；全年的 n. 年报，年刊 checkup n. 检查，核对；体格检查 【剖析长难句子】 1. Each stop lasts an average of two days, and during that time the doctors and nurses on board provide rural (乡村) populations with basic medical care, X-ray scans and prescriptions. 【分析】 1.主句: Each stop lasts an average of two days 谓语: lasts 宾语: an average of two days 2.并列主句: during that time the doctors and nurses on board provide rural populations with basic medical care, X-ray scans and prescriptions 谓语: provide 宾语: rural populations 补充说明: with basic medical care, X-ray scans and prescriptions 2. The government has struggled to come up with measures to address the problem, particularly in the poorer, rural areas east of the Volga River, including arranging doctor’s appointments by video chat and expanding financial aid programs to motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk. 【分析】 1.主句: The government has struggled to come up with measures to address the problem 谓语: has struggled 宾语: to come up with measures to address the problem 状语: particularly in the poorer, rural areas east of the Volga River 2.连词: particularly 介词短语: in the poorer, rural areas east of the Volga River 现在分词短语: including arranging doctor’s appointments by video chat and expanding financial aid programs to motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk 3.现在分词: including 宾语: arranging doctor’s appointments by video chat and expanding financial aid programs 目的状语: to motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk 【打靶提升训练】 一、单词拼写 1．The library may sponsor a language group you could join. If you have difficulty reading, ask about special reading o (机会). (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】opportunities/pportunities 【详解】考查名词。句意：图书馆可能会赞助一个你可以加入的语言小组。如果你在阅读上有困难，请求特殊阅读机会。根据首字母o以及汉语提示可知，opportunity机会，名词，此处指不止一个机会，用复数形式，作宾语。故填opportunities。 2．In general, a surgeon is a doctor who operates on patients while a p is one who gives prescriptions (处方). (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】physician/hysician 【详解】考查名词。句意：一般来说，外科医生是给病人动手术的医生，而内科医生是开处方的医生。结合句意及首字母提示可知，physician内科医生，可数名词，由空前的a可知应用单数形式，在句中作主语，故填physician。 3．There’s a staff (餐厅) for everyone and there’s a smarter restaurant for the management. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】canteen 【详解】考查名词。句意：这里有员工食堂供所有人使用，还有提供给管理层的更高级餐厅。根据汉语提示可知，空处需要名词canteen“餐厅”，根据空前的a可知，空处需要该名词的单数形式。故填canteen。 4．Workers are struggling for a clean (餐厅) and healthy food. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】canteen 【详解】考查名词。句意：工人们正在为打造一个干净的餐厅和提供健康的食品而努力。表示“餐厅”应用名词canteen作宾语，不定冠词a表明用单数，故填canteen。 5．The war had put an insupportable financial b on the country. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】burden/urden 【详解】考查名词。句意：战争给这个国家带来了难以承受的财政负担。空出个作动词put的宾语，结合an insupportable financial可知，空处单词为burden，意思为：负担，为可数名词单数，符合句意。故填burden。 6．Many people are aware that it is necessary to go to the hospital to be (检查) annually. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】examined 【详解】考查动词和被动。句意：许多人都知道每年去医院做检查是必要的。根据所给出的汉语提示可知，应是动词“examine”，结合空前“to be”可推知，应是动词不定式的被动结构“to be done”，动词用过去分词形式。故填examined。 7．— What do researchers hope to do for older drivers? — (组织) regular physical checkups. 【答案】Organize 【详解】句意：研究人员希望为老年司机做什么？---定期检查身体。分析句子可知，本句是对to do what的提问，故用 organize。 二、语法填空 8．The carnival held in our school last week (sponsor) by several famous graduates. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】was sponsored 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：上周在我们学校举行的嘉年华由几位著名的毕业生赞助。根据 last week可知，这是描述过去的事情，用一般过去时。分析句子可知，carnival和sponsor是被动关系，需用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was sponsored。 9．In a day, this doctor writes 30 (prescription) for patients. 【答案】prescriptions 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：每天这位医生每给病人开30张处方。本空格前有数词30，要用复数形式prescriptions。故填prescriptions。 10．Please convey my thanks to all the staff (involve); they did an excellent job. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】involved 【详解】考查形容词。句意：请转达我对所有参与工作人员的感谢；他们做得很好。修饰名词staff表示“参加的，参与的”应用形容词involved作后置定语。故填involved。 11．After receiving a message from Rylee Anderson, 12, she was struggling with a math problem, Waba grabbed a whiteboard and hurried to her front door. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：在收到12岁的Rylee Anderson发来的一条信息，说她正在努力解决一道数学题后，Waba抓起一块白板，匆匆走向前门。空处引导同位语从句，解释说明名词message的内容，从句中不缺少成分以及意义，应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故填that。 12．She would like to be more (financial) independent. She hated asking for money again and again. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】financially 【详解】考查副词。句意：她想在经济上更加独立。她讨厌一次又一次地要钱。修饰形容词independent用副词。故填financially。 13．Beijing’s new international airport put into use in 2019 serves 72 million passengers   (annual).(所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】annually 【详解】考查副词。句意：2019年投入使用的北京新国际机场每年为7200万乘客提供服务。设空处作时间状语，应填副词annually，意为“一年一度地”。故填annually。 14．If you have (normal) blood pressure, you should have regular checkups. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】abnormal 【详解】考查形容词。句意：如果你血压异常，你应该定期体检。空处修饰名词短语blood pressure，需用形容词作定语，根据句意可知，空处表示“不正常的”，故填abnormal。 15．The doctors gave her a general checkup so as (find) out the cause of her illness. （用所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】to find 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：医生们给她做了全身检查，以便找出她生病的原因。此处为短语so as to do sth.表示“为了做某事”。故填to find。 三、完成句子 16．被他的事迹打动，车主拒绝了(赔偿)，并主动提出资助陈上学。 , the car owner declined and offered to sponsor Chen’s education. 【答案】 Moved by his deed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。表示“打动”应用动词move，与car owner构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语；表示“事迹”应用名词deed。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Moed by his deed。 17．女教师占比13%，她们都同意这个项目，但还是要警惕火灾。 Women teachers who 30 percent of the staff all agree to the project, but we still should our eyes open fires. 【答案】 account for keep for 【详解】考查短语和时态。对比中英文句子，前两空涉及固定短语account for“占比”，作定语从句的谓语动词，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语who指代先行词teachers，是复数意义，故谓语动词用原形；后两空涉及固定短语keep one’s eyes open for“密切注意，警惕”，should后keep用原形。综上，故填account；for；keep；for。 18．尽管很虚弱，珍妮挣扎着站起来，继续寻求帮助。(形容词开头) , Jenny struggled to her feet, continuing searching for assistance. 【答案】Weak as she was 【详解】考查倒装句。根据中英文提示可知，需要翻译的部分是“尽管很虚弱”，表示“她”应用she；表示“是”应用be，结合“struggled”可知，使用一般过去时，主语为she，be动词用was；表示“虚弱的”应用weak；表示“尽管”应用as，引导让步状语从句，使用部分倒装，将表语weak置于句首。故填Weak as she was。 19．当你开始有经济问题时，你必须跟踪记录你支付的频率。 When you start having financial problems, you have to your spending. 【答案】 keep track of 【详解】考查动词短语。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要“跟踪记录”对应的动词短语keep track of，结合前面的不定式符号to（have to do）可知用动词原形，故填keep track of。 20．我想把你们的参观推迟到那时，因为下周即将召开一年一次的交通会议。 I would like to until then as the annual Traffic Conference is coming up next week. 【答案】 put your visit off 【详解】考查动词短语。表达：推迟，英语用put off ；表达：你们的参观，英语用your visit；故空格处填put your visit off。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$