专题13 新高考Ⅱ卷完形填空核心词汇及长难句分解与提升训练 学案-2025届高三英语一轮复习

2024年高考英语真题核心词汇及长难句 逐题分解与提升训练 专题13 新高考Ⅱ卷：完形填空 Ⅰ.通读真题原文 Ⅱ.提取核心词汇 Ш.剖析长难句子 Ⅳ.打靶提升训练 【通读真题原文】 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者十年前选择在意大利定居的原因以及意大利的风土人情。 原文再现 参考译文 When I decided to buy a house in Europe ten years ago, I didn't think too long. I liked traveling in France, but when it came to picking my favorite spot to 21 , Italy was the clear winner. During my first visit to Italy, I 22 to ask for directions or order in a restaurant. But every time I tried to 23 a sentence of  Italian together, the locals smiled at me and 24 my language skills. That encouragement helped me to get through the language 25 . After I made Italy my permanent home, I discovered how 26 Italians are. Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to 27 me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. It's these small 28 of kindness that make a new country feel like home. As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere fuels my 29 quite like Italy. Each town has its own traditional 30 , and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another. Families 31 for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can 32 . These meals are always 33 by laughter and joy. Whatever 34 life in Italy might have, the problems are 35 once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family. 21．A．study B．rent C．visit D．settle 22．A．planned B．Struggled C．refused D．happened 23．A．string B．hang C．mix D．match 24．A．improved B．Assessed C．admired D．praised 25．A．course B．barrier C．area D．test 26．A．open-minded B．strong-willed C．warm-hearted D．well-informed 27．A．remind B．Allow C．persuade D．order 28．A．tricks B．promises C．acts D．duties 29．A．ambition B．Success C．appetite D．growth 30．A．costume B．Dish C．symbol D．tale 31．A．gather B．Cheer C．leave D．wait 32．A．put up with B．stand up for C．come up with D．make up for 33．A．signaled B．Confirmed C．represented D．accompanied 34．A．disadvantages B．Meanings C．surprises D．opportunities 35．A．created B．forgotten C．understood D．identified 十年前，当我决定在欧洲买房时，我没有想太久。我喜欢在法国旅行，但当谈到选择我最喜欢的地点时，意大利显然是赢家。 在我第一次访问意大利时，我22去一家餐馆问路或点餐。但每次我试着一起23一句意大利语，当地人都会对我微笑，并24我的语言技能。这种鼓励帮助我学会25。在我把意大利作为我的永久家园后，我发现了26意大利人是怎样的。邻居们会给我带来刚做的奶酪，下雨的时候，他们会来我家门口27我关上车窗。正是这些小小的28善意让一个新的国家感觉像家一样。 作为一名美食家，我的心是通过我的胃，没有任何地方能像意大利那样为我的29提供能量。每个城镇都有自己的传统30，每个家庭都保留着一个代代相传的食谱。31家庭在周日、生日或其他任何可以找的借口吃大餐32。这些饭菜总是33欢笑和欢乐。无论在意大利的生活可能有34，一旦你和朋友和家人坐下来吃一顿大餐，问题35。 21.A.学习B.租金 C.拜访D.定居 22.A.计划B.挣扎 C.拒绝D.发生了 23.A.弦B.悬挂 C.混合D.匹配 24.A.改进B.评估 C.钦佩D.赞扬 25.A.路线B.护栏 C.区域D.测试 26.A.思想开明B.strong C.热心D.见多识广 27.A.提醒B.允许 C.说服D.命令 28.A.诡计B.承诺 C.行为D.职责 29.A.抱负B.成功 C.食欲D.生长 30.A.服装B.菜肴 C.符号D.故事 31.A.集合B.欢呼 C.离开D.等等 32.A.忍受B.挺身而出 C.跟D.弥补 33.A.信号B.确认 C.代表D.陪同 34.A.缺点B.含义 C.惊喜D.机会 35.A.创造B.遗忘 C.理解D.识别 【提取核心词汇】 spot n. 地点；斑点；丘疹；少量, v. 注意到；让步, adj. 立即支付的 local adj. 本地的，地方的；局部的, n. 本地人；地方分会；公共汽车，火车 permanent adj. 永久的；不断出现的；终生的；固定的 n. 卷发 neighbor n. <美>邻居，邻国 adj. 邻近的，邻接的, vi. 友好；毗邻而居 vt. 邻接 fuel n. 燃料；刺激物 v. 刺激；加剧；加燃料 recipe n. 食谱；秘诀；原因 laughter n. 笑（声） 【剖析长难句子】 1. Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to remind me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. 【分析】 主句: Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to remind me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. 主语: Neighbors 谓语: will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to remind me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. 第一个谓语动词: will bring 第二个谓语动词: will come 不定式短语: to remind me to close the window in my car when rain is coming 宾语补足语: to close the window in my car when rain is coming 介词短语: in my car 时间状语从句: when rain is coming 2. Whatever disadvantages life in Italy might have, the problems are forgotten once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family. 【分析】 1.条件从句: Whatever disadvantages life in Italy might have 2.主句: the problems are forgotten once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family 3.时间状语从句: once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family 主句: you sit down to a big meal with friends and family 地点状语: to a big meal with friends and family 介词短语: with friends and family 【打靶提升训练】 一、单词拼写 1．Henry couldn’t believe his ears, f to the spot.（根据首字母单词拼写） 2．Such a high increase will impose an undue b on the local tax payer. (根据首字母单词拼写) 3．The stroke(中风) left his right side permanently d .(根据首字母单词拼写) 4．The elderly couple thanked their neighbors g (感激地) for clearing up the snow from their driveway. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 5．The electricity industry c large amounts of fossil fuels.（根据首字母单词拼写） 6．P (热情) is an important recipe of friendship soup. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 7．As we all know, laughter is one of the most (感染的) expressions of emotion. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 二、语法填空 8．I don’t like the shirt (spot) with paint. (所给词的适当形式填空) 9．With the local tourism booming, the town   (gain) popularity in the past years. (所给词的适当形式填空) 10．The only way to lose weight (permanent) is to completely, change your attitudes toward food. (所给词的适当形式填空) 11．Our neighbors gave (we) a baby bird yesterday that hurt (it) when it fell from its nest. (所给词的适当形式填空) 12．The investigators said that a fuel (explode) might have caused the plane crash. （所给词的适当形式填空） 13．Its recipe is wraps; no one knows this secret. （用适当的词填空） 14．Hearing his humorous remarks, the whole class burst laughter. (用适当的词填空) 三、完成句子 15．我刚想放弃时，有人发现了我。 I was give up when someone spotted me. 16．大量的资金用在了保护当地的文化遗产上。 Large money were spent protecting local cultural heritage. 17．两个领导人对于此次会议的目的是建立永久的和平。 The aim of two leaders at the conference is to permanent peace. 18．邻居们将利用空闲时间致力于帮助其他人重建家园。 Neighbors will their spare time helping others rebuild homes. 19．All scientists (赞同) the view that the increase in the earth’s temperature is due to the burning of fossil fuels. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 20．每当我感到孤独时,我有一个从不失败的秘密食谱:大米、牛奶和糖,小火慢煮。 I feel lonely, I have a secret recipe that never fails: rice, milk and sugar, cooked low and slow. 21．笑是扫尽心灵中黑暗的刷子。 Laughter is the brush that the darkness in the heart. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024年高考英语真题核心词汇及长难句 逐题分解与提升训练 专题13 新高考Ⅱ卷：完形填空 Ⅰ.通读真题原文 Ⅱ.提取核心词汇 Ш.剖析长难句子 Ⅳ.打靶提升训练 【通读真题原文】 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者十年前选择在意大利定居的原因以及意大利的风土人情。 原文再现 参考译文 When I decided to buy a house in Europe ten years ago, I didn't think too long. I liked traveling in France, but when it came to picking my favorite spot to 21 , Italy was the clear winner. During my first visit to Italy, I 22 to ask for directions or order in a restaurant. But every time I tried to 23 a sentence of  Italian together, the locals smiled at me and 24 my language skills. That encouragement helped me to get through the language 25 . After I made Italy my permanent home, I discovered how 26 Italians are. Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to 27 me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. It's these small 28 of kindness that make a new country feel like home. As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere fuels my 29 quite like Italy. Each town has its own traditional 30 , and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another. Families 31 for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can 32 . These meals are always 33 by laughter and joy. Whatever 34 life in Italy might have, the problems are 35 once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family. 21．A．study B．rent C．visit D．settle 22．A．planned B．Struggled C．refused D．happened 23．A．string B．hang C．mix D．match 24．A．improved B．Assessed C．admired D．praised 25．A．course B．barrier C．area D．test 26．A．open-minded B．strong-willed C．warm-hearted D．well-informed 27．A．remind B．Allow C．persuade D．order 28．A．tricks B．promises C．acts D．duties 29．A．ambition B．Success C．appetite D．growth 30．A．costume B．Dish C．symbol D．tale 31．A．gather B．Cheer C．leave D．wait 32．A．put up with B．stand up for C．come up with D．make up for 33．A．signaled B．Confirmed C．represented D．accompanied 34．A．disadvantages B．Meanings C．surprises D．opportunities 35．A．created B．forgotten C．understood D．identified 十年前，当我决定在欧洲买房时，我没有想太久。我喜欢在法国旅行，但当谈到选择我最喜欢的地点时，意大利显然是赢家。 在我第一次访问意大利时，我22去一家餐馆问路或点餐。但每次我试着一起23一句意大利语，当地人都会对我微笑，并24我的语言技能。这种鼓励帮助我学会25。在我把意大利作为我的永久家园后，我发现了26意大利人是怎样的。邻居们会给我带来刚做的奶酪，下雨的时候，他们会来我家门口27我关上车窗。正是这些小小的28善意让一个新的国家感觉像家一样。 作为一名美食家，我的心是通过我的胃，没有任何地方能像意大利那样为我的29提供能量。每个城镇都有自己的传统30，每个家庭都保留着一个代代相传的食谱。31家庭在周日、生日或其他任何可以找的借口吃大餐32。这些饭菜总是33欢笑和欢乐。无论在意大利的生活可能有34，一旦你和朋友和家人坐下来吃一顿大餐，问题35。 21.A.学习B.租金 C.拜访D.定居 22.A.计划B.挣扎 C.拒绝D.发生了 23.A.弦B.悬挂 C.混合D.匹配 24.A.改进B.评估 C.钦佩D.赞扬 25.A.路线B.护栏 C.区域D.测试 26.A.思想开明B.strong C.热心D.见多识广 27.A.提醒B.允许 C.说服D.命令 28.A.诡计B.承诺 C.行为D.职责 29.A.抱负B.成功 C.食欲D.生长 30.A.服装B.菜肴 C.符号D.故事 31.A.集合B.欢呼 C.离开D.等等 32.A.忍受B.挺身而出 C.跟D.弥补 33.A.信号B.确认 C.代表D.陪同 34.A.缺点B.含义 C.惊喜D.机会 35.A.创造B.遗忘 C.理解D.识别 【提取核心词汇】 spot n. 地点；斑点；丘疹；少量, v. 注意到；让步, adj. 立即支付的 local adj. 本地的，地方的；局部的, n. 本地人；地方分会；公共汽车，火车 permanent adj. 永久的；不断出现的；终生的；固定的 n. 卷发 neighbor n. <美>邻居，邻国 adj. 邻近的，邻接的, vi. 友好；毗邻而居 vt. 邻接 fuel n. 燃料；刺激物 v. 刺激；加剧；加燃料 recipe n. 食谱；秘诀；原因 laughter n. 笑（声） 【剖析长难句子】 1. Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to remind me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. 【分析】 主句: Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to remind me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. 主语: Neighbors 谓语: will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to remind me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. 第一个谓语动词: will bring 第二个谓语动词: will come 不定式短语: to remind me to close the window in my car when rain is coming 宾语补足语: to close the window in my car when rain is coming 介词短语: in my car 时间状语从句: when rain is coming 2. Whatever disadvantages life in Italy might have, the problems are forgotten once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family. 【分析】 1.条件从句: Whatever disadvantages life in Italy might have 2.主句: the problems are forgotten once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family 3.时间状语从句: once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family 主句: you sit down to a big meal with friends and family 地点状语: to a big meal with friends and family 介词短语: with friends and family 【打靶提升训练】 一、单词拼写 1．Henry couldn’t believe his ears, f to the spot.（根据首字母单词拼写） 【答案】frozen/rozen 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：亨利简直不敢相信自己的耳朵，呆若木鸡。根据单词首字母和句意的需要可知，应填动词freeze(使固定不动)，它和Henry之间为被动关系，因此使用过去分词作状语。故填frozen。 2．Such a high increase will impose an undue b on the local tax payer. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】burden/urden 【详解】考查名词。句意：如此高的增幅将给当地纳税人带来不应有的负担。分析句子结构可知此处要使用名词作宾语，结合句意及首字母可知，此处使用burden“负担”符合句意，故填burden。 3．The stroke(中风) left his right side permanently d .(根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】damaged/amaged 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中风使他的右侧身体永久性受损。根据句意和首字母拼写，空处应填过去分词damaged作宾语his right side的宾语补足语，表示被动。故填damaged。 4．The elderly couple thanked their neighbors g (感激地) for clearing up the snow from their driveway. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】gratefully/ratefully 【详解】考查副词。句意：这对上了年纪的夫妇感激邻居们帮他们清理车道上的积雪。根据首字母和中文提示可知，表示“感激地”应用副词gratefully，在本句中作状语，修饰前面动词。故填gratefully。 5．The electricity industry c large amounts of fossil fuels.（根据首字母单词拼写） 【答案】consumes/onsumes 【详解】考查动词。句意：电力工业消耗了大量的化石燃料。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处使用动词consume，作谓语，句子陈述现在的情况，应用一般现在时，主语是The electricity industry，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填consumes。 6．P (热情) is an important recipe of friendship soup. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】Passion/assion 【详解】考查名词。句意：激情是友谊的重要配方。根据首字母及汉语提示可知，此处使用名词passion，作主语，同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填Passion。 7．As we all know, laughter is one of the most (感染的) expressions of emotion. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】infectious 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们都知道，笑是最具感染力的情感表达之一。“感染的”修饰名词expressions，用形容词infectious作定语。故填infectious。 二、语法填空 8．I don’t like the shirt (spot) with paint. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】spotted 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我不喜欢那件有花点的衬衫。空处作定语修饰shirt，此处用形容词spotted“有圆点的”作后置定语修饰。故填spotted。 9．With the local tourism booming, the town   (gain) popularity in the past years. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】has gained 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：随着当地旅游业的蓬勃发展，这个小镇在过去几年里越来越受欢迎。由in the past years可知，句子时态是现在完成时，主语town是单数，因此空格处是has gained。故填has gained。 10．The only way to lose weight (permanent) is to completely, change your attitudes toward food. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】permanently 【详解】考查副词。句意：永久性减肥的唯一办法就是彻底改变你对食物的态度。空格处用副词修饰动词短语lose weight，permanent的副词是permanently，意为“永久地”，故填permanently。 11．Our neighbors gave (we) a baby bird yesterday that hurt (it) when it fell from its nest. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】 us itself 【详解】考查代词。句意：我们的邻居昨天送给我们一只雏鸟，它从窝里掉下来时受了伤。第一空作动词的宾语，应用宾格us；第二空表示“它自己”应用反身代词itself。故填①us；②itself。 12．The investigators said that a fuel (explode) might have caused the plane crash. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】explosion 【详解】考查名词。句意：调查人员说可能是燃料爆炸导致了飞机失事。根据句意以及空前的不定冠词可知，此处应填单数名词。故填explosion。 13．Its recipe is wraps; no one knows this secret. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】under 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：它的配方还在保密之中；没有人知道这个秘密。根据“no one knows this secret”可知它的配方还在保密之中，固定短语under wraps符合题意，所以填under。 14．Hearing his humorous remarks, the whole class burst laughter. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】into 【详解】考查介词。句意：听到他幽默的话，全班哄堂大笑。burst into laughter突然大笑。根据句意，故填into。 三、完成句子 15．我刚想放弃时，有人发现了我。 I was give up when someone spotted me. 【答案】 about to 【详解】考查固定句型。根据句意以及句子结构可知，此处为固定句型be about to do when“即将做某事，这时……”，满足句意要求。故填about；to。 16．大量的资金用在了保护当地的文化遗产上。 Large money were spent protecting local cultural heritage. 【答案】 amounts of 【详解】考查固定搭配。“大量的”为固定搭配large amounts of，故填amounts of。 17．两个领导人对于此次会议的目的是建立永久的和平。 The aim of two leaders at the conference is to permanent peace. 【答案】 set up 【详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。分析句子可知，句中为不定式作表语，表示目的，“set up”意为“建立”，为动词短语，不定式符号“to”后接动词原形，故空格处填“set up”。故填set up。 18．邻居们将利用空闲时间致力于帮助其他人重建家园。 Neighbors will their spare time helping others rebuild homes. 【答案】 devote to 【详解】考查时态和短语。根据中英文提示，空处应为devote...to...“致力于”，will后接动词原形构成一般将来时，故填devote，to。 19．All scientists (赞同) the view that the increase in the earth’s temperature is due to the burning of fossil fuels. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】subscribe to 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：所有的科学家都认为地球温度的升高是由于燃烧化石燃料造成的。根据汉语提示可知，subscribe to赞同，句子是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时，主语scientists是名词复数，谓语动词用原形，故填subscribe to。 20．每当我感到孤独时,我有一个从不失败的秘密食谱:大米、牛奶和糖,小火慢煮。 I feel lonely, I have a secret recipe that never fails: rice, milk and sugar, cooked low and slow. 【答案】Whenever 【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：每当我感到孤独时，我有一个从不失败的秘密食谱：大米、牛奶和糖，小火慢煮。“每当……时”可译为whenever，它引导时间状语从句，位于句首，故填Whenever。 21．笑是扫尽心灵中黑暗的刷子。 Laughter is the brush that the darkness in the heart. 【答案】 sweeps away 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。表示“清除，清扫”的英语是动词短语sweep away；本句是陈述事实，用一般现在时，此处是定语从句的谓语部分，先行词brush是第三人称单数形式，谓语动词后应加s。故填sweeps away。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$