专题10 新高考Ⅱ卷阅读理解C篇核心词汇及长难句分解与提升训练 导学案-2025届高三英语一轮复习

2024年高考英语真题核心词汇及长难句 逐题分解与提升训练 专题10 新高考Ⅱ卷：阅读理解C篇 Ⅰ.通读真题原文 Ⅱ.提取核心词汇 Ш.剖析长难句子 Ⅳ.打靶提升训练 【通读真题原文】 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了巴比伦微农场（BMF）的一些主要优势，包括减少食物运输距离、通过云技术远程监控、自动化系统节约水资源、减少化学污染、以及员工的环保生活方式等。 原文再现 参考译文 We all know fresh is best when it comes to food. However, most produce at the store went through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table. While farmer’s markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro-Farm (BMF) shortens it even more. BMF is an indoor garden system. It can be set up for a family. Additionally, it could serve a larger audience such as a hospital, restaurant or school. The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply of fresh greens. Specifically, it’s a farm that relies on new technology. By connecting through the Cloud, BMF is remotely monitored. Also, there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time. Because the system is automated, it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants. Rather than watering rows of soil, the system provides just the right amount to each plant. After harvest, users simply replace the plants with a new pre-seeded pod (容器) to get the next growth cycle started. Moreover, having a system in the same building where it’s eaten means zero emissions (排放) from transporting plants from soil to salad. In addition, there’s no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the surrounding environment. BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives. About half of them walk or bike to work. Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic. “We are passionate about reducing waste, carbon and chemicals in our environment,” said a BMF employee. 8．What can be learned about BMF from paragraph 1? A．It guarantees the variety of food. B．It requires day-to-day care. C．It cuts the farm-to-table distance. D．It relies on farmer’s markets. 9．What information does the convenient app offer? A．Real-time weather changes. B．Current condition of the plants. C．Chemical pollutants in the soil. D．Availability of pre-seeded pods. 10．What can be concluded about BMF employees? A．They have a great passion for sports. B．They are devoted to community service. C．They are fond of sharing daily experiences. D．They have a strong environmental awareness. 11．What does the text mainly talk about? A．BMF’s major strengths. B．BMF’s general management. C．BMF’s global influence. D．BMF’s technical standards. 我们都知道新鲜的食物是最好的。然而，商店里的大多数农产品都经过了数周的旅行，在到达餐桌之前走了数百英里。虽然农贸市场是减少旅程的可靠选择，但巴比伦微型农场（BMF）甚至缩短了旅程。 BMF是一种室内花园系统。它可以为一个家庭设置。此外，它还可以服务于更大的受众，如医院、餐馆或学校。创新的设计几乎不需要付出任何努力就能实现每周可靠的新鲜蔬菜供应。 具体来说，这是一个依赖新技术的农场。通过云连接，BMF被远程监控。此外，还有一个方便的应用程序可以实时提供不断增长的数据。由于该系统是自动化的，它大大减少了种植植物所需的水量。该系统为每株植物提供适量的水，而不是浇灌成排的土壤。收获后，用户只需用新的预播种荚替换植物，即可开始下一个生长周期。 此外，在食用植物的同一栋楼里有一个系统意味着将植物从土壤运输到沙拉的零排放。此外，不需要农药和其他污染传统农场和周围环境的化学物质。 BMF员工在日常生活中践行可持续发展。大约一半的人步行或骑自行车上班。在办公室里，他们通过限制垃圾桶和避免使用一次性塑料来鼓励回收和减少浪费。BMF的一名员工表示：“我们热衷于减少环境中的废物、碳和化学品。”。 8.从第1段可以了解到关于BMF的什么？ A.它保证了食物的多样性。 B.它需要日常护理。 C.它缩短了农场到餐桌的距离。 D.它依赖于农贸市场。 9.这款方便的应用程序提供了哪些信息？ A.实时天气变化。 B.植物的现状。 C.土壤中的化学污染物。 D.预播种豆荚的可用性。 10.关于BMF员工，我们可以得出什么结论？ A.他们对运动有极大的热情。 B.他们致力于社区服务。 C.他们喜欢分享日常经验。 D.他们有强烈的环保意识。 11.课文主要讲什么？ A.BMF的主要优势。 B.BMF的综合管理层。 C.BMF的全球影响力。 D.BMF的技术标准。 【提取核心词汇】 solid adj. 固体的；坚硬的；实心的；可靠的 n. 固体；立体图形 additional adj. 附加的，添加的 reliable adj. 可信赖的；可靠的 specific adj. 明确的；独特的 simply adv. 仅仅；简朴地 surround v. 围绕；包围；与…密切相关；喜欢结交 n. 边饰；环境 garbage n. 垃圾；废话；垃圾场 【剖析长难句子】 1. Because the system is automated, it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants. 【分析】 1.原因状语从句: Because the system is automated 连词: Because 主语: the system 谓语: is automated 2.主句: it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants 主语: it 谓语: reduces 宾语: the amount of water needed to grow plants 2. Moreover, having a system in the same building where it’s eaten means zero emissions (排放) from transporting plants from soil to salad. 【分析】 主语: having a system in the same building where it’s eaten 谓语: means 宾语: zero emissions from transporting plants from soil to salad 【打靶提升训练】 一、单词拼写 1．With solid (证据), the lawyer can certainly prove that he is innocent. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 2．In addition to (实际的) skills, Pruitt’s lessons teach teamwork, encourage self-worth, and promote feelings of community. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 3．Jim is a reliable person and he always finishes everything a________ of time. 4．Here are some specific tins for (坚持) to your goals. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 5．A in his work, Tom simply forgot to eat and sleep. (根据首字母单词拼写) 6．Having lived here for many years, he is f with the nearby surroundings. (根据首字母单词拼写) 7．The garbage is then taken away and, if possible, (回收利用). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 二、语法填空 8．I haven’t found a solid (conclude), but in this article I share with you what I’ve learned. （所给词的适当形式填空） 9． (additional), the pit has yielded a variety of weapons, including long-range attack weapons, shields for defense, as well as drums and drumsticks used for commanding soldiers. (所给词的适当形式填空) 10．I am (reliable) informed that the company is being sold. (所给词的适当形式填空) 11．The simplest rule to remember if you are trying to show is just to write details . (specific)  (所给词的适当形式填空) 12．The money could simply go into the public (财源), helping to lower taxes. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 13．It took him a while to adapt himself to his new (surround) after he moved to a new neighbourhood. (所给词的适当形式填空) 14．Is this the way in you deal with the garbage? (用适当的词填空) 三、完成句子 15．不论你们想做什么工作,一定要在基础知识和技能方面打下坚实的基础。 , be sure to lay a solid foundation in basic knowledge and skills. 16．此外，我英语很流利，因此我相信我适合这份工作。 In addition, I’m , so I’m confident that . 17．王先生是个如此可靠的人，以至于他总是信守承诺。 Mr Wang is such a reliable man that he often his promises. 18．为了确保我们都身体健康，她为我们制订了具体的计划。 , she makes specific plans for us. 19．当我感到压力并想逃离一切时，我就会拿起一本书。 When I feel pressure and wish to get away from it all, I simply pick up a book. 20．沿着小路走，周围独特的风景让我们惊讶不已。 the exceptional surrounding scenery. (分词作状语和表语) 21．垃圾分类对于环境保护发挥重要作用。 Garbage sorting important in environmental protection. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024年高考英语真题核心词汇及长难句 逐题分解与提升训练 专题10 新高考Ⅱ卷：阅读理解C篇 Ⅰ.通读真题原文 Ⅱ.提取核心词汇 Ш.剖析长难句子 Ⅳ.打靶提升训练 【通读真题原文】 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了巴比伦微农场（BMF）的一些主要优势，包括减少食物运输距离、通过云技术远程监控、自动化系统节约水资源、减少化学污染、以及员工的环保生活方式等。 原文再现 参考译文 We all know fresh is best when it comes to food. However, most produce at the store went through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table. While farmer’s markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro-Farm (BMF) shortens it even more. BMF is an indoor garden system. It can be set up for a family. Additionally, it could serve a larger audience such as a hospital, restaurant or school. The innovative design requires little effort to achieve a reliable weekly supply of fresh greens. Specifically, it’s a farm that relies on new technology. By connecting through the Cloud, BMF is remotely monitored. Also, there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time. Because the system is automated, it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants. Rather than watering rows of soil, the system provides just the right amount to each plant. After harvest, users simply replace the plants with a new pre-seeded pod (容器) to get the next growth cycle started. Moreover, having a system in the same building where it’s eaten means zero emissions (排放) from transporting plants from soil to salad. In addition, there’s no need for pesticides and other chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the surrounding environment. BMF employees live out sustainability in their everyday lives. About half of them walk or bike to work. Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic. “We are passionate about reducing waste, carbon and chemicals in our environment,” said a BMF employee. 8．What can be learned about BMF from paragraph 1? A．It guarantees the variety of food. B．It requires day-to-day care. C．It cuts the farm-to-table distance. D．It relies on farmer’s markets. 9．What information does the convenient app offer? A．Real-time weather changes. B．Current condition of the plants. C．Chemical pollutants in the soil. D．Availability of pre-seeded pods. 10．What can be concluded about BMF employees? A．They have a great passion for sports. B．They are devoted to community service. C．They are fond of sharing daily experiences. D．They have a strong environmental awareness. 11．What does the text mainly talk about? A．BMF’s major strengths. B．BMF’s general management. C．BMF’s global influence. D．BMF’s technical standards. 我们都知道新鲜的食物是最好的。然而，商店里的大多数农产品都经过了数周的旅行，在到达餐桌之前走了数百英里。虽然农贸市场是减少旅程的可靠选择，但巴比伦微型农场（BMF）甚至缩短了旅程。 BMF是一种室内花园系统。它可以为一个家庭设置。此外，它还可以服务于更大的受众，如医院、餐馆或学校。创新的设计几乎不需要付出任何努力就能实现每周可靠的新鲜蔬菜供应。 具体来说，这是一个依赖新技术的农场。通过云连接，BMF被远程监控。此外，还有一个方便的应用程序可以实时提供不断增长的数据。由于该系统是自动化的，它大大减少了种植植物所需的水量。该系统为每株植物提供适量的水，而不是浇灌成排的土壤。收获后，用户只需用新的预播种荚替换植物，即可开始下一个生长周期。 此外，在食用植物的同一栋楼里有一个系统意味着将植物从土壤运输到沙拉的零排放。此外，不需要农药和其他污染传统农场和周围环境的化学物质。 BMF员工在日常生活中践行可持续发展。大约一半的人步行或骑自行车上班。在办公室里，他们通过限制垃圾桶和避免使用一次性塑料来鼓励回收和减少浪费。BMF的一名员工表示：“我们热衷于减少环境中的废物、碳和化学品。”。 8.从第1段可以了解到关于BMF的什么？ A.它保证了食物的多样性。 B.它需要日常护理。 C.它缩短了农场到餐桌的距离。 D.它依赖于农贸市场。 9.这款方便的应用程序提供了哪些信息？ A.实时天气变化。 B.植物的现状。 C.土壤中的化学污染物。 D.预播种豆荚的可用性。 10.关于BMF员工，我们可以得出什么结论？ A.他们对运动有极大的热情。 B.他们致力于社区服务。 C.他们喜欢分享日常经验。 D.他们有强烈的环保意识。 11.课文主要讲什么？ A.BMF的主要优势。 B.BMF的综合管理层。 C.BMF的全球影响力。 D.BMF的技术标准。 【提取核心词汇】 solid adj. 固体的；坚硬的；实心的；可靠的 n. 固体；立体图形 additional adj. 附加的，添加的 reliable adj. 可信赖的；可靠的 specific adj. 明确的；独特的 simply adv. 仅仅；简朴地 surround v. 围绕；包围；与…密切相关；喜欢结交 n. 边饰；环境 garbage n. 垃圾；废话；垃圾场 【剖析长难句子】 1. Because the system is automated, it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants. 【分析】 1.原因状语从句: Because the system is automated 连词: Because 主语: the system 谓语: is automated 2.主句: it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants 主语: it 谓语: reduces 宾语: the amount of water needed to grow plants 2. Moreover, having a system in the same building where it’s eaten means zero emissions (排放) from transporting plants from soil to salad. 【分析】 主语: having a system in the same building where it’s eaten 谓语: means 宾语: zero emissions from transporting plants from soil to salad 【打靶提升训练】 一、单词拼写 1．With solid (证据), the lawyer can certainly prove that he is innocent. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】proof 【详解】考查名词。句意：有了确凿的证据，律师肯定能证明他是无辜的。根据汉语提示可知，proof“证据”，不可数名词，在句中作介词With的宾语。故填proof。 2．In addition to (实际的) skills, Pruitt’s lessons teach teamwork, encourage self-worth, and promote feelings of community. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】practical 【详解】考查形容词。句意：除了实用技能，普鲁伊特的课程还教授团队合作，鼓励自我价值，并促进社区感情。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词skills，“实际的”的形容词是practical，故填practical。 3．Jim is a reliable person and he always finishes everything a________ of time. 【答案】ahead/head 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：吉姆是一个可靠的人，他总是提前完成所有的事情。根据首字母和句意可知，此处表示“提前”，应用固定搭配ahead of time。故填ahead。 4．Here are some specific tins for (坚持) to your goals. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】sticking 【详解】考查动词。句意：这里有一些坚持你的目标的具体技巧。根据词义“坚持”和介词to可知，应该使用动词stick，构成固定短语stick to：坚持；介词for后面应该使用动名词形式，故填sticking。 5．A in his work, Tom simply forgot to eat and sleep. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】Absorbed/bsorbed 【详解】考查形容词。句意：汤姆全神贯注于工作，根本忘记了吃饭和睡觉。形容词短语absorbed in“被……吸引住；专心致志于；全神贯注于”符合句意，描述主语Tom的状态，在句中作状语。置于句首，首字母大写。故填Absorbed。 6．Having lived here for many years, he is f with the nearby surroundings. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】familiar/amiliar 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：他在这里住了多年，对附近的环境很熟悉。短语be familiar with，意为“对……熟悉”，符合句意和首字母，故填familiar。 7．The garbage is then taken away and, if possible, (回收利用). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】recycled 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：然后垃圾被运走，如果可能的话，回收利用。根据汉语提示，表示“回收利用”含义的动词为：recycle，分析句子结构，空白处用过去分词，与taken并列，构成一般现在时的被动语态。故填recycled。 二、语法填空 8．I haven’t found a solid (conclude), but in this article I share with you what I’ve learned. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】conclusion 【详解】考查名词。句意：我还没有找到一个可靠的结论 ，但在这篇文章中，我与你分享的是我所理解的。根据设空前形容词solid可知，此处要用名词conclusion，由不定冠词a可知，应用名词单数形式。故填conclusion。 9． (additional), the pit has yielded a variety of weapons, including long-range attack weapons, shields for defense, as well as drums and drumsticks used for commanding soldiers. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Additionally 【详解】考查副词。句意：此外，该坑还出土了各种各样的武器，包括远程攻击武器，防御盾牌，以及用于指挥士兵的鼓和鼓槌。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后整个句子，应该用副词修饰，additional的副词形式是additionally，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Additionally。 10．I am (reliable) informed that the company is being sold. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】reliably 【详解】考查副词。句意：有可靠消息告诉我，该公司将被出售。空处应用副词，修饰动词informed。reliably意为“可靠地”。故填reliably。 11．The simplest rule to remember if you are trying to show is just to write details . (specific)  (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】specifically 【详解】考查副词。句意：如果你想要展示，要记住的最简单的规则就是具体地写下细节。提示词修饰动词write，用副词specifically作状语，意为“具体地，明确地”。故填specifically。 12．The money could simply go into the public (财源), helping to lower taxes. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】purse 【详解】考查名词。句意：这钱能轻易地流进国库，以帮助降低税收。purse含义是“钱包，财源”。public purse可表示“国库，公共资金”，符合句意。故填purse。 13．It took him a while to adapt himself to his new (surround) after he moved to a new neighbourhood. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】surroundings 【详解】考查名词。句意：他搬到一个新社区后，花了一段时间才适应了新环境。空处需填名词surroundings“环境”，作to的宾语，常用复数形式。故填surroundings。 14．Is this the way in you deal with the garbage? (用适当的词填空) 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这就是你们处理垃圾的方式吗? the way作先行词，后面的定语从句由that或in which引导。故答案为which。 三、完成句子 15．不论你们想做什么工作,一定要在基础知识和技能方面打下坚实的基础。 , be sure to lay a solid foundation in basic knowledge and skills. 【答案】No matter what jobs you want to do 【详解】考查时态和动词短语。分析句子结构可知，主句是祈使句，从句是让步状语从句应使用一般现在时，依照句意，“不论什么”短语为no matter what，“想要做”短语是want to do，“工作”是job，根据句意应使用复数形式做do的宾语，故填No matter what jobs you want to do。 16．此外，我英语很流利，因此我相信我适合这份工作。 In addition, I’m , so I’m confident that . 【答案】 fluent in English I’m suitable for the job. 【详解】考查固定搭配和时态。“对……很流利”为固定搭配be fluent in，“英语”为English，“我适合这份工作”为that引导的宾语从句，句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，“适合”为be suitable for，“这份工作”为the job，故填fluent in；I’m suitable for the job。 17．王先生是个如此可靠的人，以至于他总是信守承诺。 Mr Wang is such a reliable man that he often his promises. 【答案】 sticks to 【详解】考查短语和时态。根据句意可知此处填“遵守，坚持”，短语：stick to“遵守、坚持（诺言、协议等）”；空白处在句中为谓语，结合设空前he often可知，此处的时态为一般现在时，谓语形式用单数。故填①sticks②to。 18．为了确保我们都身体健康，她为我们制订了具体的计划。 , she makes specific plans for us. 【答案】In order to make sure all of us are in good health 【详解】考查不定式短语、动词短语和宾语从句。“为了”使用不定式短语in order to，作目的状语，“确保”使用动词短语make sure，“我们身体都健康”译为一个宾语从句，使用短语all of us作主语，“身体健康”使用固定短语be in good health，从句结构、意义完整，应用that引导，that可省略，句子是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时，故填In order to make sure all of us are in good health。 19．当我感到压力并想逃离一切时，我就会拿起一本书。 When I feel pressure and wish to get away from it all, I simply pick up a book. 【答案】under 【详解】考查介词。根据中文提示可知，表示“在压力下”应用介词短语under pressure，在本句中作表语。故填under。 20．沿着小路走，周围独特的风景让我们惊讶不已。 the exceptional surrounding scenery. (分词作状语和表语) 【答案】Walking alongside the path, we were astonished at 【详解】考查分词作状语和表语以及时态。“对……惊讶不已”为be astonished at，形容词作表语，陈述过去的事情，为一般过去时。“沿着小路走”为walk alongside the path，处理成非谓语动词，与we为主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填Walking alongside the path, we were astonished at。 21．垃圾分类对于环境保护发挥重要作用。 Garbage sorting important in environmental protection. 【答案】 plays an part 【详解】本题考查固定短语、时态及主谓一致。解题要点：根据所给出的句子，结合句意，可推出是固定短语play a part in“在……中起作用”，本句描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时，主语是动名词短语Garbage sorting，谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式，important是以元音音素开头的词，不定冠词应用an。故填plays；an；part。 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$