主题5 历史、社会与文化-【超级考卷】2024年中考英语（江西专用）

主题5历史、社会与文化 一、完形填空 A) 主题：饮食习惯 核心素养：文化意识 难度：★★★ 建议用时：10分钟 Did ancient Chinese people have three meals a day like us?In fact,before and during the Qin and Han Dynasties,most people ate 1 meals a day.They didn't have enough 2 because farming was still a bit undeveloped at that time.Two meals a day were enough for them.Usually,people had 3 between 7:00 a.m.and 9:00 a.m.The other 4 was eaten between 3:00 p.m.and 5:00 p.m.Their breakfast,as their 5 meal,was more substantial(丰盛的)than their afternoon meal. Still,during these times,some 6 people had three meals a day.But this was not 7 Three meals a day became common during the Sui and T'ang Dynasties 8 agriculture (developed and the country became richer.At that time,lunch 9 breakfast as the main meal of the day.The word "lunch"often appeared in 10.For example,poets Bai Juyi and Jia Dao both wrote about lunch in 11 poems in the Tang Dynasty. In the past,the number of meals someone ate largely 12 his financial situation,social s1atus(a社会地位)and customs.For example,during the Ilan Dynasty, emperors 13 four meals a day.During the Qing Dynasty,emperors had 14 two meals a day.This was the 15 of the Manchu(),which the emperors were members of. ()1.A.one B.two C.three D.four ()2.A.water B.people C.food D.animals ()3.A.breakfast B.lunch C.dinner D.picnic ()4.A.present B.photo C.meal D.night ()5.A.main B.simple C.light D.necessary ()6.A.famous B.important C.hungry D.rich ()7.A.possible B.easy C.personal D.common ()8.Λ.as B.before C.so D.if ()9.A.kept B.replaced C.reached D.found ()10.A.stories B.songs C.plays D.poems ()11.A.his B.her C.their D.its 主题语篇练 119 ()12.A.got on B.put on C.depended on D.took on ( )13.A.enjoyed B.made C.forgot D.stole ()14.A.ever B.only C.never D.also ( )15.A.law B.science C.problem D.custom B) 主题：历史事件 核心素养：文化意识 难度：★★★ 建议用时：8分钟 result,during,cover,ancient,with,know,discovery,important,house,common,these A 2.200-year-old shipwreck()has been found at the bottom of the Mediterranean Sea().It was discovered under the 16 city of Heracleion,which fell into the sea after an earthquake in the second century BC.The city of Heracleion was said to be one of the most 17 trade centers in the Mediterranean before it disappeared.Studies of its remains (have been ongoing ever since,though we still don't 18 much about the once great city. The 25 m-long shipwreck was just a(n)19 boat for navigating the Nile River.It went down as a(n)20 of the collapse()of the huge Temple of Amun and huge stones falling on it 21 an earthquake.The fall of 22 stones made the ship sink() to the deep sea. The wreck was found under 5 m of clay along with a burial site()which was 23 with a lot of stones.It was discovered by using a type of sonar().This 24 shows that the Greek(businessmen once lived in that city.They built their own 25 near the huge T'emple of Amun.The houses fell down along with the temple and their remains were found mixed 26 those of the temple. 16. 17. 18. 19 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 二、阅读理解 主题：著名人物 核心素养：语言能力 难度：★★ 建议用时：7分钟 Roald Dahl was one of the greatest storytellers in the world.Ile had a way of telling stories that made them fun and easy to read. Roald Dahl was born in Llandaff,Wales.He was educated in England and then worked in Africa for the Shell Oil Company.In the Second World War,he was a pilot.It was after an air 120超级考卷·中考英语 crash(飞机失事)that he began to write.The air crash was the subject of his first printed story Shot Down Ooer Libya. He started out to write stories for adults but ended up as a popular children's book writer.His stories were full of huge,wild ideas and he hoped they would help children to learn to love books.He was one of the world's most popular children's writers.Dahl wrote many famous children's stories and adult horror()stories.Many of his books have been made into films or TV series.Among his most popular books are Charlie and the Chocolate Factory,James and the Giant Peach,Matilda,The Witches and Fantastic Mr.Fox. Dahl died on 23rd November,1990 in Oxford,aged 74.Since 13th September,2006,there has been special Roald Dahl Day to celebrate his stories and their characters all over the world. ()27.When was Roald Dahl born? A.In1914. B.In1916. C.In1918. D.In1926. ()28.What did Roald Dahl do in his life?Put his jobs in the correct order. a.He started to write for adults. b.He worked in Africa. c.He became a pilot in the war. d.IIe started to write books for children. A.b-a-c-d B.c-b-a-d C.b-c-a-d D.b-c-d-a ()29.Why are his books so popular among children? A.Because his books have been made into films or TV serie. B.Because he was one of the most famous children's writers. C.Because he wanted to help children to learn to love books. D.Because stories in his books are fun and easy for children to read. ()30.Iow do people show their love for Roald Dahl? A.By buying his books. B.By setting a day for him. C.By performing his stories. D.By studying his way of telling stories. ()31.What's the purpose of the passage? A.To sell several good books B.To introduce one of the greatest storytellers. C.To show the African culture. D.To make people pay attention to children's stories. 主题语篇练 121P上吃过晚饭后，小女孩月疼得厉害。serious'“严重的”， 会成为一种头传的技艺。出此可推斯，他们和心将 表示疾构的程度。 来没有书法。 2.D【解析】由诗境知，月疼给她造成了很大的痛苦。 B)21-25 GFADE cause“导致”，符合语境。 主题5历史、社会与文化 3.C【解析】h上文可知，John Smothers的女儿胃疼得 -A) 厉害，故推断此处指他说他必须去市中心买点药。 1.B【解析】由下文中的“Two meals a day were cnough 4.B【解析】山语境可知，几个小时过去了，但Jan设 有回来。p5s“(时间)流逝：过去”，符合语境。 for them.”可知，在秦汉及茶汉以前，大部分人·天吃 5.D【解析】由空前的“The little girl and her mother 两餐 waited for days”可知，小女孩和她妈妈等了很多天：再 2.C【解析】由空后的“farming was still a bit undeveloped at this time”知，此处指他有I役有足够 结合空前的转折连词but可推知，John再也没有可 来 的食物 6.C【解析】由空后的'losing her husb3ndu推知，他的 3.A【解析】联系常识可知，上午7点至9点他1吃的 妻子对于失去他感到非常难过， 应该是早餐。 7.C【解析】由语境知，三个月后，John的妻子又找到 4.C【解析】根据语境可知此处指另·餐， 了爱情开搬去了另外个城市。move“移动：搬迁” 5.A【解析】山空后的“was1mor心substantial than their 符合诘境， afternoon mea!"可知，此处指早餐是他们的主餐】 8.A【解析】上一句提及Jon的女儿长大成人并与 6.D【解析】根据语境可知，此处是指一些富人一天吃 John Smith结婚了，故此处指他们住在父亲的老房了 三餐 里，开始过自已的口了 7.D【解析】由下文中的“Three meals a day became 9.D【解析】山空前的“she had a s1o1 nachache"可知， common during the Sui and Tang Dynasties", Pansy胃痛：中第一段可知，她的妈妈当时也是胃痈， 此处是指一大三餐不常见 故此处指就像多年前她的妈妈一样。 8.A【解析】此处是指随若农业发展和国家变得更富 10.A【解析】上一句提及Pansy胃痛，故可推知作为父 裕，一口三餐在附唐时期变得常见。a5意为“（正 亲的John Smith无法坐视不管。sit by'“坐视不管：尤 当)…的时候”，引导时间状语从句。 动于衷”，为固定搭配。 9.B【解析】此处是指午餐取代早餐成为一天中的主 11.B【解析】此处指John Smith想去市巾心买药，但他 餐。 的妻子不允诈。allow“允许”，符合语境。 10.D【解析】由下文“For example,.poets Bai Juyi and 12.A【解析】上一段提及Pansy胃疼，再结合下一句 Jia Dao both wrote about lunch in…poems."可知， John Smith又打算去买药可知，Pansy的胃疼更严重 “午餐”这个词经常出现在诗歌中， 11.C【解析】主语是“Bai Juyi and Jia Dao”,故用形容词 13.D【解析】句意：突然，门开了，进来了一位白发苍苍 性物士代词their。 的老人，w“有：具有；带有”，符合语境， 12.C【解析】联系L下文可闭，此处是指在过去个人 14.B【解析】出下一句“She got well right away.”可知， 一口的用餐次数取决于他的经济状况、社会地位和 Pansy的胃痛立马就好了，故可推知老人把药从口袋 风俗习惯。depend on是固定短语，意为“铱常：依 里拿出来，给了Pany一些。 赖 15.B【解析】由空后的“我等有轨屯车等了很长时间” ■用法拓展 可推知，John Smothers说的是“我间来得有点儿晚 了 depend取决于；依赖+de1 endent adj.候镜 二、A) 的+dependence n.依赖+independent ac.独立.的+ 16.A【解析】细节理解题。由第~段巾的“They chose independence n.独立 January 23rd because this day was the birthday of 13.A【解析】此处是指汉代空帝一口享用四餐 John Hancock"可知，John Hancock的生口是1月 14.B【解析】汉朝的皇帝日享用四餐，而清湖的阜帝 23日。 一口具吃两餐，故only符合语境 17.B【解析】细节理解题。山第二段中的“Experts can even study our handwriting and explain what kind of 15.D【解析】根据语境可知，一口吃两餐是满族的风俗 习惯： personality we have.”可知： 18.know 19.common 18.C【解析】饲义猪测题，由下句知，我」只需要看 B)16.ancient 17.important 封信的开头就能知道是我们认识的某个人写的， 20.result 21.during 22.these 23.covered 由此可知每个人的书法是不同的。因此，uque意 24.discovery 25.houscs 26.with 为“不同的” ■用法拓展 19.B【解析】数字计算题。山第一段中的“The Writing agree with同意 catch up with赶上 Instrument Manufacturers Association WIMA play with与…玩耍 dcal/do wit山h对付：处理 started\ational Handwriting Day in1977.”可知，国 shar心with与…分享arguc with与…争吵 法节是在1977年开始的。出此可计算出，它有 pr0vide,with…为…提供… 46年的历史了 compare with与…相比 20.D【解析】推理判断题。由第一段中的“Some people are worried that in the future,handwriting might become a lost art.”可知，.些人担.心将米书法或许 27.B【解析】数字计算题。根据域后一段中的“Dahl 参考答案183P died on 23rd November.1990 in Oxford,aged 74."u 以打篮球的结论，放此处应用s0 计出，他出生于1916年 15.C【解析】总：这署助了篮球成为一顶很受欢迎的 28.C【解析】细节排序题。根据第段中的“He was 运动。 cducated in England and then worked in Africa""In B)16.expensive 17.When 18.popular 19.caused the Sccond World War,he was a pilot.""It was after 20.about 21.oil 22.method 23.down an air crash that he began to write,”可知，他先在非 24.journcys 25.pleascd 26.develop 洲工作，后来成为名飞行员，最后才开始写作：根 ■用法拓展 据第三段巾的“He started out to write stories for adults but ended up as a popular children's book please.使高兴一pleased adj.开心的一pleasant writer,”可知，他先为成人写作，斤米才开始为儿宝 ad.令人喻快的→pleasure.愉悦 写书 29.D【解析】细节里解题。根据第一段中的“He had a 27.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“And the way of telling stories that made them fun and easy to more friction that exists between the ball and the Tead”可知 grass,the less the ball will travel after being kicked." 30.B【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“t小hcrc 可知，使运动中的球停下米的是擦力的作用。 has been special Roald Dahl Day..all over the world" 28.C【解析】细节坪解题，根据第二段第一句“New1on 可知 suggested that.…to keep moving.”u知，处于运动中 31.B【解析】写作意图题。本文主要介绍了作家罗尔 的物休行一直运动下去的白然趋势。 德·达尔，他是世界上最会讲故事的人之一 29.C【解析】词义待测题。画线单词所在句子的大意 主题6科学与技术 为：虽然千百年以来，人们认为像足球这类的物体停 、A》 止移动是因为它们有一个停下来的自然趋势。故画 1.D【解析】短文从篮球的起源讲起，此处是指1891年 线单词tendeney意为“趋势” James Naismith发明了篮球这项运动，invent意为 30.A【解析】推理判断题。面读全文可知，本文以在草 “发明”」 地上运动的球和在结冰调面上运动的球为例，解释 2.C【解析】此处承接上文，说明管球在1936年成为一 了“运动”这个物理概念。 个奥运会比赛项H 31.A【解析】主旨大意题.本义主要讲在不同的场 3.B【解析】空后的“putting the ball through the hoop 地足球有不同的运边状态，从面解释了物理中“运 是得分的方式，所以用介词by,指“通过” 动”这一概念，所以本文是关于物体运动的。 4.B【解析】山第一段第一句可推断，此处是指篮球变 范畴三人与自然 得越来越受欢迎了。popular意为“受欢迎的” 5.C【解析】山常识可知，篮球的打法节奏快、激动人 主题7自然生态 心，way意为“方式：方法” 6,D【解析】由下一句“You can practice it often,.”可推 1,B【解析】句意：它也是一个教导人们如何保护海龟 知，此处绳调学习打储球很容易，你可以经常练习。 的口了。cducate“教导；指导” 7.C【解析】as…5…用于同敛之间的比较，表示 2.C【解析】由空后的“betwee1,30and50 years of age'” “和…一样…” 并结合常识可知，海色通常能活到30至50岁。ie 8.D【解析】前半句介绍篮球·对一地玩和五人一组玩 10“活到”，符台语境。 都以，由此知，此处是指不需要太多人就可以开 3.A【解析】结合生活常识和下文“They can swim 始场比赛 wm”可知，此处指海龟可以屏住呼吸长达5小时。 9.B【解析】根据常识可知，有篮筐的应该是一些运动 hold one's breath“闭气：屏息”，为周定搭配。 场地。 10.C【解析】本段第一句提到贝需要一个篮球和一个 用法拓展 饶管就可以打篮球，第二句又说篮管到处都是·显然 breath的动词形式为breathe,其常见短语： 此处是说只需要·个球就可以开赛了。 brea1hejn吸入：brea1 he out呼出；breathe freely透气 11.A【解析】由常识和上文的exciting可知，这项运动 安心；breathe deeply深呼吸， 充满了刺激，be full of意为“充满”。 4.D【解析】由空前的“swim down'”和空后的“below t小hc 用法拓展 water's surface'”可推知，海龟能下潜列水下1O00米 排新be full of与be filled with 深的地方。 be full of意为“充满”，强调状态：be filled with意 5.D【解析】根据语境可知，此处指在冒出水面吸气前， 为“装满：充满着”，强调动态的过程。当表示某种事 它们能下潜到水下1000米深的地方。 物的程度为“养常”时，只能用be full of, 6.C【解析】山上一句可知，海龟也喜欢四处走动，故可 推知此处指有些海龟会从在日本筑巢的海滩上移动 12.C【解析】下一句讲到每个国家都有很多篮球迷，山 12000千米到墨西附近的觅食地 此可推渐，此处是指观看比赛很有趣 7.B【解析】山上文“nesting beaches”可知，海龟在海滩 13.A【解析】出空后的“like in parks or in streets”可 上筑巢，枚此处指怀乎的雌海龟会回到它」H己孵化 知，此处是指篮球运动通常在户外进行。 的海滩筑巢。 14.A【解析】由上文可知，可以在室外打篮球，冬犬外 8.A【解析】由上·句知，维海龟会回到它日己期 血大冷时还可以在举内打，由此可得出一整年都可 化的地方筑巢，故可推知此处指它们惊人的方向感归 184 超级考卷·中考英语