08 可数和不可数名词的用法-2024-2025学年八年级英语上册单元语法精讲精练（通用版）

2024-2025学年八年级英语上册单元语法精讲精练（通用版） 08 可数和不可数名词的用法 语法聚焦 (1)学习可数和不可数名词的用法。 (2)how many 和 how much 的用法。 一、学习可数和不可数名词的用法。 1. 概况 2. 可数名词单数变复数的规则 情况 变化形式 举   例 一般情况 在词尾加-s map→maps  以-s，-x，-ch，-sh结尾的词 在词尾加-es bus→buses 以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的词 把y变为i，再加-es baby→babies 以“元音字母＋y”结尾的词 直接在词尾加-s boy→boys 3. 复合名词的复数形式 由两个名词组成的复合名词通常只把最后一个名词变为复数形式；但如果第一个名词是man或woman时，则两个名词都要变为复数形式。如： a boy student→two boy students a shoe shop→two shoe shops a man doctor→three men doctors a woman teacher→four women teachers 4. 可数名词与不可数名词的用法区别 (1)可数名词单数可用a或an来修饰,而不可数名词的量则要借助一个量词来表达，其结构为“数词＋量词＋of＋不可数名词”。如：a cup of tea, two pieces of paper等。 （2）可数名词复数可以用具体的数词来修饰，还可以用some, many, a lot of / lots of, a few, few等来表达数量的多少。如：some pens等。而不可数名词前不能直接加数词，但可用some, much, a lot of / lots of, little, a little等来修饰。如： some money, much rice, a little water等。 二、how many 和 how much 的用法。 对可数名词的数量提问时用(1)how many ；对不可数名词的量提问时用 how much；但对不可数名词前表示数量的名词修饰语提问要用(3)how many。 (4)—How much water is there in the bottle? 　—Only a little.  (5)—　How many pictures can you see on the wall? 　—Three.  (6)—　How many cups of tea are there on the table? 　—Four cups.  语法专练 1、 单项选择题。 1. —Have you heard of Lin Zexu and Zhan Tianyou? —Of course. They are our national ______________. A. hero B. heros C. heroes D. hero's 2. In China, each couple can have three ______________ now. A. boys B. girls C. children D. child 3. These ______________ in beautiful dresses will have a party this evening. A. man B. men C. woman D. women 4. _______ bread do you need? A. How many B. How old C. How much D. How often 5. —_______ tomatoes does Linda need? —She needs six tomatoes. A. How many B. How soon C. How much D. How long 6.I often have two pieces of ________or some ________for breakfast.  A.breads; noodles　 B.bread; noodle C.bread; noodles　 D.breads; noodle 7.—________ yogurt do you want?　—Two cups.  A.How many　 B.How much　 C.How long　 D.How often 8.Don’t ________too much TV.It’s bad for your eyes.  A.watch　 B.watched　 C.watching　 D.to watch 9.—What can I do for you? —I’d like two ________.  A. bottle of orange　B.bottle of oranges　 C.bottles of orange　 D.bottles of oranges 10.Half of the students in our class ________from the countryside.They study hard.  A.was　 B.be　 C.is　 D.are 11.There ________a lot of butter on the table.  A.is　 B.are　 C.has　 D.have 12.Now please put ________on the plate.  A.two salt　 B.two salts　 C.two spoon of salts　 D.two spoons of salt 13.I still need some ________and ________to make this kind of food.  A.tomato; chicken　 B.tomatoes; chickens　 C.tomato; chickens　 D.tomatoes; chicken 14.________ the books into the box and take it to the office.  A.Put　 B.Putting　 C.To put　 D.To putting 15________ the books into the box and take it to the office.  A.Put　 B.Putting　 C.To put　 D.To putting 16._______ people are there in the dining hall? A. How many B. How much C. How old D. How long 17.—_______ milk do you want for breakfast? —A glass is OK. A. How many B. How much C. How often D. How soon 18.. —Would you like some milk? —Yes, just _______. A. a few B. few C. a little D. little 19.My grandpa drinks _______ every day to stay healthy. A. two cups of yogurt B. two cups of yogurts C. two cup of yogurts D. two cup of yogurt 20.—_______ bread would you like? —Three pieces of _______. A. How many; breads B. How many; bread C. How much; bread D. How much; breads 21. -Do you have any water?   -No, I have _____ in my glass.    A.few          B. little           C. a little              D. a few 22. How can you make a trip with so ____ money?    A. few         B. little            C. a few               D. a little 23. There is _____ milk in the fridge, so we will go to the shop and buy some.    A. few         B. little             C. a few              D. a little 24. Now people can learn ______ information from the Internet.    A. a few        B. a lot            C. much              D. many 25. -_______ yogurt do you need?   - We need _______of yogurt. A. How many; two cup   B. How much; two cup    C. How many; two cups    D. How much; two cups 26.They got much ______ from those new books.   A. idea    B. photos    C. information   D. stories 27. —Don't forget to post the letter!    —____．   A. Yes, I do   B. No, I don't   C. Yes, I will   D. All right, I won't 28.Every weekend she has _______ homework to do.     A. many   B. quite a few   C. much    D. so many 29. —____ honey do you need?  —One spoon.   A. How many  B．How often   C. How long   D．How much 30.--____ hours do you watch TV every week?   --Less than 2 hours.   A. How much  B. How many   C. How long   D. How often 二、翻译句子。 1.我们需要两碗牛肉面。 ________________________________________________ 2.天空中有几只鸟? ________________________________________________ 3.下一步我们需要做什么? _______________________________________________ 　 4.他往锅里加了点水和盐。 ________________________________________________ 5. 孩子们吃了许多米饭和六碗牛肉汤。 ________________________________________________ 三、小语篇特训(语法选择)。 Jack and his best friend Bob were on their summer vacation.They played　1　 every day.But this afternoon,they were so bored.“What are we going to do?” Bob asked.“We almost did everything.I even wish school could 　2　 soon.” Jack thought for a minute and said to Bob,“Let’s 　3　 some popcorn and lemonade and sell them.”  The boys 　4　 to Jack’s mom and asked if she would help them.Then she agreed.She was making the lemonade when the boys were making the popcorn.In about five minutes,the popcorn was ready,and so was the lemonade.The boys went to the street and sold them.They made 12 　5　.  (　 　)1.A.happy　 B.happiness　 C.happily　 (　 　)2.A.starts　 B.started　 C.start　 (　 　)3.A.make　 B.making　 C.made (　 　)4.A.went B.go C.goes　 (　 　)5.A.dollar 　 B.dollar’s　 C.dollars 参考答案： 一、1-5 CCDCA 6-10 CBACD 11-15 ADDAA 16-20ABCAC 21-25 BBBCD 26-30 CDCDB 二、1.We need two bowls of beef noodles. 2.How many birds are there in the sky? 　 3. What do we need to do next?　 4.He added some water and salt into the pot.　 5.The children had much rice and six bowls of beef soup.  三、1-5CCAA 　。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$