精品解析：辽宁省鞍山市台安县高级中学2023-2024学年高一下学期期末英语试题

null 2023-2024学年度高一下学期期末英语考试题 注意事项： 1. 答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息 2. 请将答案正确填写在答题卡上 第I卷(选择题) 第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What will the man do on Friday night? A. Eat out. B. Study. C. Have a picnic. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: How about a picnic this weekend? M: Oh, I have to study for the final exam most of the weekend, but I’m going out on Friday night. W: Where are you going? M: My friends and I are going to try that new Mexican restaurant on Branch Street. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Why is Ms. Jenkins leaving the school according to the man? A. She is bored of teaching. B. She enjoys traveling everywhere. C. She wants to stay near her parents. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: Have you heard about Ms. Jenkins? She’s leaving the school next week. M: Yes. I was really sad, but I understand she wants to live closer to her old parents. W: I thought she was bored of teaching and had changed her job. After all, she can speak four languages. She can travel everywhere. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What will the woman do by 7 o’clock? A. Book tickets. B. Pick up her tickets. C. See a film. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: I’d like to book three tickets for the film tonight, please. M: That’s fine. Can you collect them by 7 o’clock? W: Yes, no problem. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where does this conversation take place? A. In a library. B. In a cafe. C. In a bookstore. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: Excuse me, I’d like a cup of black coffee. M: OK. You can read the books and magazines on that shelf before the coffee is served, madam. W: That’s good. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the woman mean? A. Mary had the car filled up. B. Mary had car trouble on the way home. C. Mary’s car ran out of gas halfway home. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: Does the car need to be filled? W: Mary stopped at the gas station on her way home. 第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. Who takes the dog for a walk every Sunday? A. The man. B. The man’s father. C. The man’s mother. 7. What does the man do on Saturday? A. He does the housework. B. He prepares meals. C. He goes to the park. 【答案】6. B 7. C 【解析】 【原文】 W: Do you take your dog for a walk every day? M: No, my father takes the dog for a walk every Monday, Tuesday and Sunday. And I take the dog for a walk every Wednesday, Thursday and Friday. W: Who takes the dog on Saturday? M: On Saturday we all go to the park and the dog comes with us. W: Do you help with the housework? M: My mom and my sister do the housework but I clean my room. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What is the man? A. A student. B. A manager. C. A professor. 9. What does the man think of his life? A. Exciting. B. Interesting. C. Boring. 【答案】8 A 9. C 【解析】 【原文】W: Hi, Mike! It’s great to see you again! How’s it going? M: Fine! I’m living in Boston, attending Harvard University. W: Wow, so you’re still at university? M: Yeah, I’m doing my Ph.D. It’s taking ages to finish and there is far too much to learn from the professors; kind of boring. How about you? W: Well, I’m a sales manager at an American company. It’s pretty exciting. M: I wish I were working like you already. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. Why is Mr. Smith leaving his position? A. To change a job. B. To travel around the world. C. To move to another country. 11. How does the man feel about Mr. Smith’s leaving? A. Surprised. B. Pleased. C. Disappointed. 12. What will the man do on Friday afternoon? A. Plan for a meeting. B. Visit a lawyer. C. Attend a party. 【答案】10. B 11. A 12. C 【解析】 【原文】W: Did you hear that Friday is Mr. Smith’s last day? He’s leaving the company and taking a trip around the world. He said it was always his dream to do some traveling. M: Really? Why? He’s one of the most successful lawyers in the city. He has a bright future here. W: Well, I guess he’s looking for a change. Anyway, we’re holding an office party on his last day to say goodbye and wish him good luck. It will be in the break room at 4:00 p.m. M: I’ll be finishing up a meeting at that time, so I might be a little late, but I’ll be there. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. Which is the highest mountain in this area? A. Mount Karen. B. Mount Heather. C. Mount Brown. 14. What is the most popular activity in this mountain? A. Skiing. B. Seeing wildlife. C. Having snowmobile tours. 15. How is the weather in the mountain in summer? A. A bit cold. B. Quite cool. C. Very hot. 16. In which season may the tour be? A. Winter. B. Autumn. C. Summer. 【答案】13. B 14. A 15. C 16. A 【解析】 【原文】W: It’s a little cold today. But we can see the most beautiful view up here. Hey, what’s that mountain to the left called? M: That’s Mount Karen. And to the right of that with the three small points is Mount Brown. W: Is this the highest mountain in this area? M: No, actually, Mount Heather, which we will be able to see in just a minute or so, is the highest. But, this is the highest mountain for the most popular activity skiing. W: Can you ski throughout the year? M: No, it may make you sunburned up there in the summer. So if you want to be up here in other seasons, you’d better choose a cool spring or autumn day. Oh, look, there are two deer feeding in the clearing right below us. W: Got it. That should be a great photo. So … what is there to do besides skiing at the top of the hill at this time of year? M: Oh, there’s plenty to do. We have horseback riding, snowmobile tours, and a petting zoo for children. If you look to your left you’ll see the snowmobile sign going through the mountain. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. What is the speaker mainly talking about? A. A trip experience. B. Houseboats. C. A book on sale. 18. How long is the tour? A. One hour. B. Two hours. C. Three hours. 19. What does the speaker say about her houseboat? A. It is quite large. B. It is very popular. C. It has everything needed. 20. What is the speaker’s new book about? A. The tours on houseboats. B. The largest houseboat in the world. C. The history of houseboats in Seattle. 【答案】17. B 18. A 19. C 20. C 【解析】 【原文】W: Good afternoon and welcome to Seattle Houseboat Tours. My name’s Elizabeth Jones and I’m your guide today. This is my houseboat Moonlight. Before we go on board, I’d like to give you a little background information. Seattle has one of the largest numbers of houseboats in the U.S. — about 500 of them in fact. That’s quite a high number and shows how popular houseboat living is here. We’re at the southern end of Lake Union right now. As you have probably seen already, this is a lively area with restaurants and shops and cafes. During our one-hour tour you’ll see a number of houseboats. People can pay millions of dollars for the biggest of these. Some of them are quite amazing and have two or three floors. My own is one of the smallest boats, but I still have plenty of room, as you’ll see when I show you around. My living area includes one bedroom with a bathroom, a kitchen and a living room. I also have electricity, running water and network, so I really do have everything I need. You may be interested to know that I’m writing a book on the history of houseboats in the city, and this should be on sale from early July. Well, thank you for listening so far. Now let’s move into the boat and start the tour. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Importance of Being Earnest — Author: Oscar Wilde — Score: 3.825 — Average rating: 4.17/5, based on 277,734 ratings This comedic play by Oscar Wilde takes a satirical (讽刺的) look at Victorian social values while following two men — Jack Worthing and Algernon Moncrieff—as they tell lies to being some excitement to their lives. The Importance of Being Earnest was Wilde’s final play, and some consider it his masterpiece. A Raisin in the Sun — Author: Lorrain e Hansberry — Score: 3.550 — Average rating: 3.76/5, based on 59,314 rating The story follows the Youngers, a working class black family living on the South Side of Chicago who move to an all-white neighborhood during a time of descregration (取消种族隔离). In 1959, Lorraine Hansberry became the first black playwright to get a play produce d on Broadway. Frankenstein — Author: Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley — Score: 7.931 — Average rating: 3.78/5, based on 1,032,148 ratings The story was published in 1818 and introduced readers to Dr Victor Frankenstein, a scientist who brings to life a creature he assembled from discarded corpse (丢弃的尸体) parts. Although Dr Frankenstein is horrified by his creation and abandons it, the creature manages to educate itself and then seeks reverse on his creator. The novel explorers humanity’s desire for innovation and the fear of change it brings. Animal Form — Author: George Orwell — Score: 18.115 — Average rating: 3.92/5, based on 2,377,098 ratings A group of farm animals organizes a revolt (起义) after they realize their master, Mr Jones, is mistreating them and offering them nothing in return for their work. When they challenge the leadership, they are discipline d for speaking out. This classic isn’t about animal rights. It is a larger critique (评论) on Soviet Communism. Orwell wrote it as an attack against Stalinism in Russia. 21. If you are doing a project about black people in the US, which book may interest you most? A. The Importance of Being Earnest. B. A Raisin in the Sun. C. Frankenstein. D. Animal Farm. 22. What kind of book is Frankenstein? A. A mystery story. B. A horror novel. C. A fairy tale. D. A biography. 23. Why did Orwell write Animal Farm? A. To promote Soviet Communism. B. To document a historical event in a fun way. C. To raise people’s awareness of animal rights. D. To protest against Stalinist government policies. 【答案】21. B 22. B 23. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，介绍了几部文学作品，包含了四部著名作品的基本信息、评分、平均评分以及基于读者评价的数量。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据材料中关于《A Raisin in the Sun》的描述“The story follows the Youngers, a working class black family living on the South Side of Chicago who move to an all-white neighborhood during a time of desegregation.(这个故事讲述了尤格斯一家，一个居住在芝加哥南区的工人阶级黑人家庭，在取消种族隔离时期搬到了一个全白人社区。)”可知，这本书讲述了一个黑人家庭在种族隔离取消时期搬到一个全是白人的社区的故事。因此，如果你正在做一个关于美国黑人的项目，这本书可能会最吸引你。故选B项。 【22题详解】 推理判断题。根据材料中关于《Frankenstein》的描述“The story was published in 1818 and introduced readers to Dr Victor Frankenstein, a scientist who brings to life a creature he assembled from discarded corpse parts. Although Dr Frankenstein is horrified by his creation and abandons it, the creature manages to educate itself and then seeks reverse on his creator.(这个故事发表于1818年，向读者介绍了维克多·弗兰肯斯坦博士，这位科学家用丢弃的尸体部件组装并赋予了一个生物生命。虽然弗兰肯斯坦博士被他的创造吓坏了，抛弃了它，但这个生物设法自我教育，然后寻求逆转他的创造者)”可知，这本书讲述了一个科学家创造了一个由丢弃的尸体部分组成的生物的故事。这符合恐怖小说的特点，故选B项。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据材料中关于《Animal Farm》的描述“Orwell wrote it as an attack against Stalinism in Russia.(奥威尔写这部作品是为了抨击在俄罗斯的斯大林主义。)”可知，奥威尔写这本书是为了抗议俄罗斯的斯大林主义政策。故选D项。 B The 36-year-old Jia Juntingxian was born in Pingxiang, Jiangxi Province, and was blind in both eyes due to a serious eye disease. She showed athletic talent since childhood and was selected as a track and field athlete by Jiangxi Disabled Persons’ Federation. Although she can’t see the world, Jia breaks through the “immediate” obstacles (障碍) again and again while running, letting the world see her. In her sports career, Jia has won 43 national and world-class sports medals. Among them, in 2016, she broke the world record and stood on the podium (领奖台) of the women’s T11-T13 4×100-meter relay event at the Rio Paralympics (残奥会). In 2017, Jia retired and chose to become a teacher at a special education school. Just a year ago, she found out that two young brothers, with visual impairments (视觉障碍), wanted to be an athlete. They had never attended a special education school and never achieved their athletic dream. Jia could only help them attend a local special education school. The experience made her realize that these children living in remote areas may have little knowledge of special education. Even she didn’t know about such schools until late into her education. As a result, she decided to become more involved with special education. Changing from a Paralympic competitor to a special education teacher, Jia said that there is no discomfort, “Because I understand the students as well as myself and know the inconveniences and difficulties of the children. I hope that every child is like a different seed. Through hard study, they can bravely realize their own life.” Jia also has paid close attention to the rights and interests of disabled people. In 2021, Jia proposed the construction of audible traffic signals for blind people. Her advice to local authorities on dog management has resulted in more indoor public places allowing the disabled to enter with their assistance dogs. Jia and her husband founded a massage (按摩) shop and currently employ 16 visually disabled people, with an average monthly salary of 3500 yuan per person. Jia always believes that the world is a circle, as long as the love of others is constantly passed on, the whole society will be full of love! 24. What can we learn about Jia from paragraph1 and 2? A. She has broken various world records in running. B. She had great difficulties winning the Rio Paralympics. C. She has made great achievements in sports competitions. D. She had become an athlete before she developed the eye disease. 25. What inspired Jia to devote herself to special education? A. The good income at the local school. B. The difficult situation of disabled children. C. Her desire to enrich her life after retirement. D. Her responsibility of looking after her brothers. 26. What is paragraph 5 mainly about? A. What Jia has done to help the disabled. B. What Jia gains from working in special education. C. How Jia feels about being a special education teacher. D. Why Jia cares about the rights and interests of the disabled. 27. Which of the following words can best describe Jia Juntingxian? A. Proud and brave. B. Patient and generous. C. Caring and knowledgeable. D. Kind-hearted and inspiring. 【答案】24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文介绍了 36 岁的贾君婷仙的人生经历，她自幼展现运动天赋，在体育生涯中取得众多成就，退役后投身特殊教育，关注残疾人权益，为残疾人事业做出了诸多贡献。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Although she can’t see the world, Jia breaks through the “immediate” obstacles (障碍) again and again while running, letting the world see her. In her sports career, Jia has won 43 national and world-class sports medals. Among them, in 2016, she broke the world record and stood on the podium (领奖台) of the women’s T11-T13 4×100-meter relay event at the Rio Paralympics (残奥会).( 虽然她看不见这个世界，但贾在跑步时一次又一次地突破“眼前的”障碍，让世界看到了她。在她的运动生涯中，贾赢得了43枚国家级和世界级的运动奖牌。其中，在2016年，她打破了世界纪录，并站在了里约残奥会女子T11-T13 4×100米接力赛的领奖台上。)”可知，贾俊婷仙在体育比赛中取得了巨大的成就。故选C项。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The experience made her realize that these children living in remote areas may have little knowledge of special education. Even she didn’t know about such schools until late into her education. As a result, she decided to become more involved with special education.(这次经历让她意识到，生活在偏远地区的这些孩子可能对特殊教育知之甚少。即使是她自己，也是在教育的后期才了解到这样的学校。因此，她决定更多地参与到特殊教育中来)”可知，是残疾儿童的艰难处境激励贾俊婷仙投身特殊教育。故选B项。 【26题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第五段“Jia also has paid close attention to the rights and interests of disabled people(贾君婷仙密切关注残疾人的权利和利益)”可推理出，第五段主要讲述的是贾君婷仙为帮助残疾人所做的事情。故选A项。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Although she can’t see the world, Jia breaks through the “immediate” obstacles (障碍) again and again while running, letting the world see her. In her sports career, Jia has won 43 national and world-class sports medals. Among them, in 2016, she broke the world record and stood on the podium (领奖台) of the women’s T11-T13 4×100-meter relay event at the Rio Paralympics (残奥会).( 虽然她看不见这个世界，但贾在跑步时一次又一次地突破“眼前的”障碍，让世界看到了她。在她的运动生涯中，贾赢得了43枚国家级和世界级的运动奖牌。其中，在2016年，她打破了世界纪录，并站在了里约残奥会女子T11-T13 4×100米接力赛的领奖台上。)”、第五段“Jia also has paid close attention to the rights and interests of disabled people(贾君婷仙密切关注残疾人的权利和利益)”以及最后一段“Jia always believes that the world is a circle, as long as the love of others is constantly passed on, the whole society will be full of love(贾君婷仙总是相信世界是一个圈，只要不断传递对他人的爱，整个社会就会充满爱。)” 可知，贾君婷仙不仅在体育生涯中取得了辉煌的成绩，更在退役后投身特殊教育，关注残疾人的权益，帮助视障人士就业，这些行为展现了她对社会的关爱和对生命的尊重。她相信只要将爱传递下去，整个社会就会充满爱。这种信念体现了她善良的心灵和鼓舞人心的精神。因此，用“Kind-hearted and inspiring”（善良且鼓舞人心的）来形容贾俊婷贤是最合适的。故选D项。 C Landfills are places where a large amount of waste and other refuse is buried in the ground. They are responsible for releasing a large amount of planet-warming methane gas into the atmosphere, a new study suggests. The study, which was published in Science Advances on Wednesday, is aimed at helping local governments carry out targeted efforts to limit global warming by identifying areas of major concern. For this purpose, the scientists used satellite data from four major cities around the world — Delhi and Mumbai in India, Lahore in Pakistan and Buenos Aires in Argentina. Based on the collected data, the scientists have drawn the conclusion that landfills are the third-largest source of methane emissions (排放) worldwide, after oil and gas systems and agriculture. And further investigation shows that the methane released from the landfills is generated from the decomposition (分解) of natural waste in them, like food, wood or paper. Methane, though only accounting for about 11 percent of greenhouse gas emissions, traps 80 times more heat in the atmosphere than CO₂. Scientists estimate that at least 25 percent of today’s warming is driven by methane from human actions. That’s why landfills are partly to blame for the global warming. Joannes Maasakkers, a leader of the study, said, “We found that these landfills, which are relatively small compared to city sizes, are responsible for a large part of total emissions from a given area.” Another scientist, Euan Nisbet, who was not part of the study, said, “This new work shows just how important it is to manage landfills better, especially in countries like India where landfills are often on fire, resulting in a wide range of damaging pollutants (污染物).” He also added that the newer satellite technology and on-the-ground research make it easier for researchers to identify “who is polluting the world”. 28. Why did the scientists carry out the study? A. To reduce the emission of the methane. B. To help the authorities control the global warming. C. To test out the new satellite technology. D. To clarify which places people are concerned about. 29. What do we know about methane gas according to the passage? A. There exists methane in food, wood and paper. B. Methane makes up most of the greenhouse gases. C. More methane is released from landfills than from agriculture. D. Methane prevents more heat in the air from escaping than CO₂ does. 30. What’s Euan Nisbet’s attitude towards the study? A. Favourable B. Concerned C. Unclear D. Doubtful 31. What’s the main idea of the passage? A. Methane causes the temperature of the earth to go up. B. Satellite data help identify the source of the pollutants. C. Landfills are to blame for the release of much methane. D. Waste and other refuse should be forbidden for their impact. 【答案】28. B 29. D 30. A 31. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，垃圾填埋场向大气中释放了大量使地球变暖的甲烷气体。文章对此进行了介绍。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“The study, which was published in Science Advances on Wednesday, is aimed at helping local governments carry out targeted efforts to limit global warming by identifying areas of major concern.(这项研究发表在周三的《科学进展》杂志上，旨在帮助地方政府通过确定主要关注的领域来进行有针对性的努力，以限制全球变暖。)”可知，科学家进行这项研究是为了帮助政府控制全球变暖。故选B。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Methane, though only accounting for about 11 percent of greenhouse gas emissions, traps 80 times more heat in the atmosphere than CO₂.(甲烷虽然只占温室气体排放量的11%左右，但它在大气中吸收的热量是二氧化碳的80倍。)”可知，甲烷比二氧化碳更能阻止空气中的热量逸出。故选D。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句到最后一句“Another scientist, Euan Nisbet, who was not part of the study, said, “This new work shows just how important it is to manage landfills better, especially in countries like India where landfills are often on fire, resulting in a wide range of damaging pollutants (污染物).” He also added that the newer satellite technology and on-the-ground research make it easier for researchers to identify “who is polluting the world”.(另一位没有参与这项研究的科学家尤安·尼斯贝特说：“这项新工作表明更好地管理垃圾填埋场是多么重要，尤其是在像印度这样的国家，垃圾填埋场经常着火，导致各种有害污染物。”他还补充说，更新的卫星技术和实地研究使研究人员更容易确定“谁在污染世界”。)”可知，尤安·尼斯贝特对这项研究是持赞成态度。故选A。 【31题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Landfills are places where a large amount of waste and other refuse is buried in the ground. They are responsible for releasing a large amount of planet-warming methane gas into the atmosphere, a new study suggests.(垃圾填埋场是将大量废物和其他垃圾埋在地下的地方。一项新的研究表明，它们向大气中释放了大量使地球变暖的甲烷气体。)”可知，文章主要是讲垃圾填埋场是释放大量甲烷的罪魁祸首。故选C。 D Millions of monarch butterflies (黑脉金斑蝶) once covered the trees of California’s coastal areas each winter, but now their numbers are decreasing.The recent annual Western Monarch Count found that the butterfly population was down by 99 percent from populations 40 years ago. Monarch butterflies have two populations: eastern and western varieties separated by the Rocky Mountains. The populations are very similar in appearance, but western monarch butterflies are generally smaller and darker in color. The two also follow different migration patterns.Eastern monarch butterflies spend winter in Mexico, while western ones gather on central California coasts to wait out the cold. In early spring, the two leave their rest places and begin to travel eastward.By the time the butterflies reach the Central Valley, they breed (繁殖). A butterfly can lay hundreds of eggs in a few weeks, and the new generation continues the migration.The cycle of generations and migration repeats every few weeks through the summer until the butterflies move as far as Idaho. And when the weather turns cold and the days get shorter, the butterflies return to California’s coasts. The overwintering population was counted every year. The missing information is the time period when the butterflies leave their winter woods and begin to breed in February, March and April. “We just don’t know what they’re doing in that middle period and how we can better support the population,” said Washington State University biologist Cheryl Schultz. “Maybe they’re resting in the woods, or maybe they need more fuel along the way, etc. Any of those thing might help monarch butterflies get from the coastal overwintering sites to breeding sites broadly in the Central Valley,” Schultz added. To fill that gap, the researchers set up the Western Monarch Mystery Challenge. The ten­-week program asks the public to submit photographs of monarch butterflies outside of their winter range. “We couldn’t be looking for monarch butterflies right now without the involvement of the community. There just aren’t enough of us,” Schultz said. “Reaching out to the community means we might be able to learn something where there is virtually no other way to learn it.” 32. From Paragraph 1, we know monarch butterflies _______. A. are counted by researchers every decade B. are in a very difficult situation now C. have lost their home in California D. have moved to new places 33. What do the two varieties of monarch butterflies have in common? A. Their breeding places. B. Their appearance and size. C. Their way of fighting against cold. D. Their migration destination in winter. 34. Why was the Western Monarch Mystery Challenge set up? A. To know the exact number of monarch butterflies. B. To help monarch butterflies get through tough winters. C. To know better about monarch butterflies to help them. D. To find out the influence of human activities on monarch butterflies. 35. What do Schultz’s words in the last paragraph show? A. It’s challenging to make the community get involved. B. It’s important to get help from the public. C. It’s difficult to study monarch butterflies. D. It’s rewarding to learn from the public. 【答案】32. B 33. A 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。黑脉金斑蝶数量锐减，为了更好地保护它们，一些研究人员号召大众参与到他们的项目中以便保护他们。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“The recent annual Western Monarch Count found that the butterfly population was down by 99 percent from populations 40 years ago. (最近的西方帝王蝶年度统计发现，蝴蝶数量比40年前下降了99%。)”可知，黑脉金斑蝶数量锐减，处境堪忧。故选B项。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“In early spring, the two leave their rest places and begin to travel eastward. By the time the butterflies reach the Central Valley, they breed (繁殖). (早春时节，它们离开休息的地方，开始向东旅行。当蝴蝶到达中央山谷时，它们繁殖)”可知，他们的繁殖地是相同的，故选A项。 【34题详解】 推理判断题，根据第四段中的“The missing information is the time period when the butterflies leave their winter woods and begin to breed in February, March and April.“We just don’t know what they’re doing in that middle period and how we can better support the population，” said Washington State University biologist Cheryl Schultz. (缺失的信息是蝴蝶离开冬季树林并在二月、三月和四月开始繁殖的时间段。我们只是不知道他们在那个中期在做什么，以及我们如何更好地支持种群，“华盛顿州立大学生物学家谢丽尔舒尔茨说。)”及“To fill that gap, the researchers set up the Western Monarch Mystery Challenge. (为了填补这一空白，研究人员设立了西方帝王斑神秘挑战项目。)”可知，项目的建立是为了更好地了解它们以便保护它们。故选C项。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中““We couldn’t be looking for monarch butterflies right now without the involvement of the community. There just aren’t enough of us,” Schultz said. “Reaching out to the community means we might be able to learn something where there is virtually no other way to learn it.” (“没有社区的参与，我们现在不可能寻找帝王蝶。”舒尔茨说:“我们人手不够。向社区伸出援手意味着我们或许能够在几乎没有其他途径可以学习的地方学到一些东西。”)”可知，让大众参与到这个项目来很重要。故选B项。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 There may come a time when someone requires your help for a mental health issue. ____36____. But you may also struggle to know how to help in a way that assists with their immediate needs. If so don’t worry. Try the following things to support those who needs you. Listen If someone approaches when they need help, it’s not always easy to know what you should do, and it may be more beneficial for you to just listen. ____37____. They may just need to get what they are feeling off their chest at that moment. Try your best not to interrupt. The more listening you do, the better your position in deciding what to do next. ____38____ Even if you have undergone (经历) some related training, that doesn’t mean you are in the best position to offer the mental health support someone needs. Sometimes, the best thing you can do is encourage them to seek professional help. You may be able to provide phone numbers and even attend appointments with them if it makes them more comfortable. Check in with them While being a listening ear is sometimes all someone needs to feel better, you can also become an ongoing source of support. Check in with the person experiencing a mental health problem so that they know you are always there for them. Make contact with them regularly to see how they are feeling. ____39____. Call emergency (紧急情况) services ____40____. However, it’s important to know your limits. If someone you know is experiencing self-hurting thoughts or tendencies, don’t hesitate to seek emergency help. The faster you act, the safer your friend or family member may be. A. Suggest support services B. Provide effective support C. You may be more than happy to help D. Express your concern for them as fast as possible E. Just knowing someone cares can bring them comfort F. They may not need you to offer solutions or even give them a hug G. Your support can be of great value to anyone going through a tough time 【答案】36. C 37. F 38. A 39. E 40. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，简要介绍了几种帮助出现心理问题的家人或朋友的方法。 【36题详解】 前文提到“There may come a time when someone requires your help for a mental health issue. (有人遇到心理问题可能会向我们求助的情况)”，后文则提到读者可能对该情况产生的反应，also一词表明设空处可能也是读者的反应之一，C项意为“你可能会很乐意帮忙”，符合语境，故选C项。 【37题详解】 本段中心意思为倾听，前文提到“If someone approaches when they need help, it’s not always easy to know what you should do, and it may be more beneficial for you to just listen. (当有人需要帮助时接近他们，并不总是容易知道应该做什么，有时仅仅倾听可能对你来说更有益。)”，而后文则是在解释原因，即可能求助的人本身只是想倾诉，F项意为“他们可能不需要你提供解决方案，甚至连拥抱也不需要”，同样是对前文原因的解释，符合语境，故选F项。 【38题详解】 根据设空位置可知，该处为本段的小标题，是本段内容的概括，根据下文“Sometimes, the best thing you can do is encourage them to seek professional help. (有时候，你能做的最好的事情就是鼓励他们寻求专业帮助。)”可知，本段主要内容为“鼓励求助者寻求专业的帮助”，A项意为“建议提供支持的服务”，符合语境，故选A项。 【39题详解】 本空位于段落末尾，前文提到“Check in with the person experiencing a mental health problem so that they know you are always there for them. Make contact with them regularly to see how they are feeling. (与经历心理健康问题的人保持联系，让他们知道你总是在那里支持他们。定期与他们联系，了解他们的感受。)”，建议读者要经常联系求助者，关注他们的情绪，E项意为“仅仅知道有人关心你都会给他们带来欣慰”，进一步解释前文所建议的做法的效果，符合语境，故选 E项。 【40题详解】 根据后文“However, it’s important to know your limits. (然而，了解自己的极限是很重要的。)”可知，作者认为我们在帮助别人时应知道自己的局限性，且该意思与前文形成转折关系，G项意为“你的支持对于有着痛苦经历的人来说很有价值”，与后文构成转折关系，符合语境，故选G项。 第三部分 语言知识与运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节：完形填空(共15题，每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Spanish class scared me in the freshman year. I knew little Spanish before starting the class, and I thought it would be ___41___ for me. However, Mary, our honored Spanish teacher, who was full of creativity, made her class fun from the beginning. I knew what to expect with a schedule for each week, but there was always some slight ___42___. Before the exam, Mary often asked us to ___43___ our lessons by ourselves. But I could remember one day she said, “This time, let’s play a game before going over what you’ve learned.” The game was so interesting that we all ___44___ ourselves. After the exam, Mary gave us opportunities to make up for our ___45___. After each error correction, she would check again. She took things so ___46___ that she wouldn’t overlook any detail. No wonder she was ___47___ by us. Mary was ___48___ and willing to help, within reason, on everything. We could ask her questions at any time. She encouraged everyone to speak Spanish in class. Because of that, I was ___49___ enough, and then I could communicate with Spanish speakers outside of class. When she knew our problems, she would give advice. When someone was struggling, she would ___50___. Mary’s ___51___ teaching eventually transformed my ___52___ into fascination. She infused (灌输) foreign culture into lessons, using music and dance to ___53___ our language skills. Her personalized attention to each student’s needs fostered a(n) ___54___ environment. At the end of the term, my Spanish improved, and my confidence soared. Mary left a lasting impact on my ___55___ for new challenges. 41. A. exciting B. easy C. boring D. beneficial 42. A. variation B. disturbance C. annoyance D. inconvenience 43. A. explain B. describe C. prepare D. review 44. A. challenged B. enjoyed C. trusted D. developed 45. A. experience B. time C. losses D. mistakes 46. A. seriously B. roughly C. modestly D. curiously 47. A. amused B. respected C. judged D. spotted 48. A. understanding B. humble C. athletic D. courageous 49. A. discouraged B. suspected C. heartened D. comforted 50. A. set out B. reach out C. get out D. make out 51. A. passive B. conventional C. voluntary D. innovative 52. A. fear B. sorrow C. anger D. confusion 53. A. know B. match C. enhance D. assess 54. A. secure B. supportive C. economic D. competitive 55. A. pity B. profit C. debate D. desire 【答案】41. C 42. A 43. D 44. B 45. D 46. A 47. B 48. A 49. C 50. B 51. D 52. A 53. C 54. B 55. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在大学一年级时，由于几乎不懂西班牙语而对西班牙语课程感到害怕。然而，他们才华横溢且富有创意的西班牙语老师玛丽用她的教学方法和对每个学生的个性化关注，使课堂变得有趣，并帮助作者克服了恐惧，提高了语言能力，并培养了作者面对新挑战的信心。 【41题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在开始上课之前，我几乎不懂西班牙语，我想这对我来说会很无聊。A. exciting令人激动的；B. easy容易的；C. boring无聊的；D. beneficial有益的。根据上文“I knew little Spanish”可知，作者语言不通，感到上课无聊。故选C。 【42题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道每周的日程安排会发生什么，但总会有一些细微的变化。A. variation变化；B. disturbance干扰；C. annoyance烦恼；D. inconvenience不方便。根据上文“I knew what to expect with a schedule for each week, but there was always some slight”中but表示转折，说明虽然知道日程安排，但总是会有一些细微的变化。故选A。 【43题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：考前，玛丽经常让我们自己复习功课。A. explain解释；B. describe描述；C. prepare准备；D. review复习。根据后文“before going over what you’ve learned”可知，老师让他们复习功课。故选D。 【44题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：游戏很有趣，我们都玩得很开心。A. challenged挑战；B. enjoyed玩得痛快；C. trusted信任；D. developed发展。根据上文“The game was so interesting that we all”可知，游戏有趣，他们玩得高兴，短语enjoy oneself。故选B。 【45题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：考试后，玛丽给了我们弥补错误的机会。A. experience经历；B. time时间；C. losses损失；D. mistakes错误。根据后文“After each error correction, she would check again.(每次改正错误后，她都会再检查一遍)”指老师让学生纠错。故选D。 【46题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她对待事情非常认真，以至于她不会忽视任何细节。A. seriously认真地；B. roughly大概；C. modestly谦虚地；D. curiously好奇地。根据后文“she wouldn’t overlook any detail”可知，不忽视细节说明对待事情认真。故选A。 【47题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：难怪她受到我们的尊敬。A. amused娱乐；B. respected尊重；C. judged判断；D. spotted发现。根据上文的描述可知，玛丽老师做事认真，得到了学生的尊敬和喜爱。故选B。 【48题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：玛丽通情达理，愿意在合理的范围内帮助任何事情。A. understanding善解人意的；B. humble谦虚的；C. athletic运动的；D. courageous勇敢的。根据后文“and willing to help, within reason, on everything”可知，玛丽老师通情达理，愿意提供帮助。故选A。 【49题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：正因为如此，我受到了足够的鼓舞，然后我可以在课外和说西班牙语的人交流。A. discouraged使沮丧；B. suspected怀疑；C. heartened激励；D. comforted安慰。根据上文“She encouraged everyone to speak Spanish in class.(她鼓励大家在课堂上说西班牙语)”可知，作者得到了老师的激励。故选C。 【50题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当有人挣扎时，她会伸出手来。A. set out出发；B. reach out伸出手；C. get out出去；D. make out辨认。根据上文“willing to help(愿意提供帮助)”和“When she knew our problems, she would give advice.(当她知道我们的问题时，她会给出建议)”可知，玛丽乐于助人，有人有困难，她愿意伸出援手。故选B。 【51题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：玛丽的创新教学最终把我的恐惧变成了迷恋。A. passive被动的；B. conventional传统的；C. voluntary志愿的；D. innovative创新的。根据上文“However, Mary, our honored Spanish teacher, who was full of creativity(然而，我们尊敬的西班牙语老师玛丽，她充满了创造力)”可知，玛丽的教学是创新的。故选D。 【52题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：玛丽的创新教学最终把我的恐惧变成了迷恋。A. fear恐惧；B. sorrow悲伤；C. anger愤怒；D. confusion困惑。根据上文“Spanish class scared me in the freshman year.(大一时的西班牙语课把我吓坏了)”可知，作者一开始害怕西班牙语课。故选A。 【53题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她把外国文化融入到课程中，用音乐和舞蹈来提高我们的语言技能。A. know知道；B. match匹配；C. enhance提高；D. assess评估。根据后文“our language skills”可知，把外国文化融入到课程中，用音乐和舞蹈是为了提高我们的语言技能。故选C。 【54题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她对每个学生的个性化关注培养了一个良好的支持性环境。A. secure稳固的；B. supportive支持的；C. economic经济的；D. competitive竞争的。根据上文“Her personalized attention to each student’s needs”可知，老师关注每一个学生，即支持学生、关注学生培养了一个良好的支持性环境。故选B。 【55题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：玛丽给我对新挑战的渴望留下了持久的影响。A. pity遗憾；B. profit利益；C. debate辩论；D. desire渴望。根据上文“At the end of the term, my Spanish improved, and my confidence soared.(学期结束时，我的西班牙语提高了，我的信心大增)”可知，作者自信增强了，所以渴望新挑战。故选D。 第二节：语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The popularity of ancient towns in the south of the Yangtze River, such as Zhouzhuang and Wuzhen, has aroused a nationwide trend in the construction of ancient towns. Lin Peng, the director of China’s Institute of Ancient Cities and Cultural Studies, pointed ____56____ that there are more than 2,800 developed or developing ancient towns in our country, ____57____ is definitely the highest number globally. In ancient towns, ____58____ immersive (沉浸式) experience being mentioned here is historical and cultural characteristics — the “ancient” of ancient towns. Apart from visible “special buildings”, characteristics also include invisible “culture”. Tourists in ancient towns want to see the living ____59____ (condition) of local people, feel the vitality of town life, try characteristic local snacks ____60____ (influence) by geography and folk customs, and understand how long history ____61____ (shape) local culture. Out of modern fast-paced work and life, tourists want to awaken their inner softness with a slow-moving ancient town. Touring ancient towns is for recreation, relaxation, and pleasure, ____62____ if all the ancient towns in different places are the same and cannot find their own ____63____ (unique), then ancient town tourism will ____64____ (eventual) decline. Let every ancient town become a unique historical imprint (印记), so that tourists can find their “poetry and distance” while _____65_____ (wander) through the ancient towns. This is the soul that ancient towns need to regain. 【答案】56. out 57. which 58. the 59. conditions 60. influenced 61. has shaped 62 but 63. uniqueness 64. eventually 65. wandering 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了周庄、乌镇等江南古镇的火爆，在全国范围内掀起了古镇建设的热潮。游客到古镇是想看看当地人的生活状态，感受古镇生活的活力，品尝受地理和民俗影响的特色小吃，了解历史悠久的当地文化。 【56题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：中国古城与文化研究所所长林鹏指出，我国有2800多个已开发或正在开发的古镇，这绝对是全球最多的。根据“pointed”和“that there are more than 2,800 developed or developing ancient towns in our country”可知，此处用固定短语point out，意为“指出”。故填out。 【57题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：中国古城与文化研究所所长林鹏指出，我国有2800多个已开发或正在开发的古镇，这绝对是全球最多的。空处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词2,800作补充说明，先行词指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which作引导词。故填which。 【58题详解】 考查冠词。句意：在古镇中，这里所说的沉浸式体验就是历史文化特色——古镇的“古”。空处表示特指，指“这里所说的沉浸式体验”，应用定冠词the。故填the。 【59题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：来到古镇的游客希望看到当地人民的生活状况，感受城镇生活的活力，品尝受地理和民俗影响的特色小吃，了解悠久的历史如何塑造了当地的文化。空处作see的宾语，空前没有表示单数概念的修饰语，可数名词condition应用复数形式。故填conditions。 【60题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：来到古镇的游客希望看到当地人民的生活状况，感受城镇生活的活力，品尝受地理和民俗影响的特色小吃，了解悠久的历史如何塑造了当地的文化。句子已有谓语，空处是非谓语动词，influence“影响”和snacks逻辑上是被动关系，应用influence的过去分词形式，作snacks的后置定语。故填influenced。 【61题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：来到古镇的游客希望看到当地人民的生活状况，感受城镇生活的活力，品尝受地理和民俗影响的特色小吃，了解悠久的历史如何塑造了当地的文化。空处作how引导的从句的谓语，结合“long history”可知，时态应用现在完成时，表示过去的动作或状态对现在造成的影响，且主语history为单数，助动词用has。故填has shaped。 【62题详解】 考查连词。句意：游览古镇是为了休闲、放松、愉悦，但如果各地的古镇都大同小异，找不到自己的独特性，那么古镇旅游最终会走向衰落。空处前后是完整的句子，上下文语义构成转折，空处应用意为“但是”的并列连词but连接上下文。故填but。 【63题详解】 考查名词。句意：游览古镇是为了休闲、放松、愉悦，但如果各地的古镇都大同小异，找不到自己的独特性，那么古镇旅游最终会走向衰落。空处作find的宾语，被their own修饰，应用名词uniqueness，意为“独特（性）”，是不可数名词。故填uniqueness。 【64题详解】 考查副词。句意：游览古镇是为了休闲、放松、愉悦，但如果各地的古镇都大同小异，找不到自己的独特性，那么古镇旅游最终会走向衰落。空处修饰动词decline，应用副词eventually，意为“最终”，作状语。故填eventually。 【65题详解】 考查状语从句中的省略。句意：让每一个古镇都成为独特的历史印记，让游客在古镇中徜徉，找到属于自己的“诗与远方”。此处用了while引导时间状语从句，且从句的主语和主句的主语一致，从句中含有be动词，因此对主语和be动词同时进行了省略，wander“漫游，徜徉”和被省略的主语tourists之间是主动关系，应用wander的现在分词形式。故填wandering。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 66. 你校将以“海洋保护”为主题，举办题为“Preserving the Oceans”英语演讲比赛。请你写一篇关于海洋保护的演讲稿参加此次活动。内容要点如下： 1.海洋的重要性； 2.呼吁采取措施保护海洋。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Good morning! I’m honored to stand here to deliver my speech, whose theme is “Preserving the Oceans”. Ocean plays an essential role in our vulnerable ecosystem, say, maintaining the balance of nature. Thus, it is imperative to protect it. Initially, it’s definitely advisable to make laws, banning people from throwing garbage into ocean. Additionally, a specific proposal is to promote the awareness of preserving our precious sea. Ultimately, only when we attach great importance to ocean conservation, can we better the ocean environment. Actions speak louder than words. It is high time that we devoted ourselves to protecting the oceans. 【解析】 【导语】这篇书面表达是一篇演讲稿，要求考生以“海洋保护”为主题，阐述海洋的重要性并呼吁采取措施保护海洋。 【详解】词汇积累 重要的：essential → vital 脆弱的：vulnerable → fragile 最后，最终：Ultimately → Finally 保护：protect → conserve 句式拓展 同义句改写 原句： Ocean plays an essential role in our vulnerable ecosystem, say, maintaining the balance of nature.  拓展句：The ocean performs a crucial function within our fragile ecosystem, say, maintaining the balance of nature.  【点睛】【高分句型1】Ocean plays an essential role in our vulnerable ecosystem, say, maintaining the balance of nature. （使用了现在分词短语作状语） 【高分句型 2】Only when we attach great importance to ocean conservation, can we better the ocean environment. （使用了“only + 状语从句”置于句首的部分倒装结构） 第二节(满分25分) 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整短文。 James, a 24-year-old investment banker from Toronto, was just one week into his new job on Wall Street. Over the past month, he’d been settling in to the New York City apartment he was sharing with his college friend, an artificial intelligence engineer named Raphael. Now, last week, the two were going to meet in a lunchtime on Pier (码头) 15, overlooking the East River, when James froze. “Somebody’s in the water,” he said. Before Raphael could respond, James climbed over the rail (栏杆) at the edge of the pier and jumped into the cold, polluted water without taking the time to remove his shoes. What James had heard was an alarmed fisherman shouting from Pier 16, nearly 50 yards away, “Help! He’s in the water!” And what he’d seen was a person floating, lifeless. Raphael didn’t need to see the victim. Maybe James saw someone in the water who needs our help, he thought. Or maybe it’s James who needs my help. Either way, I’m going in. He took off his shoes and dived. Approaching the unconscious victim, James saw that it was a middle-aged man. He was big, around 200 pounds, respectably dressed and sinking fast. He was 3 feet below the surface by the time James reached him. The rescuer dived, felt around, grasped the man and kicked upward until they both got out of the surface. Raphael was there now. In the water, the two friends floated the man on his back. As Raphael put his arms around the man’s shoulders and James supported the bottom and knees, the pair pulled the man back to Pier 15. Their lungs heaved and their muscles burned as they pushed and pulled the immobile figure through the water. They might have been dragging a dead body. The man’s skin was blue, and neither Raphael nor James detected any breathing. When at last they reached Pier 15, they faced a new uncertainty. How to get out of the water? The shore was half meter above their heads. 注意： 1. 写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 On the pier, a crowd had gathered. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Suddenly the man moved, breathing again. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】On the pier, a crowd had gathered. From somewhere, the onlookers found a rope and a life preserver ring, which they threw to James and Raphael. The friends put the victim’s arm and head through the life preserver ring and tied the rope around his body. With the two men pushing from below and the crowd pulling from above, the man’s dangling body slowly rose until helping hands pulled him onto the pier. Both men are thoroughly exhausted from the urgent rescue mission in the water. Suddenly the man moved, breathing again. He lashed out confusedly, not knowing what was happening around. With the horn blowing, the ambulance rescue workers came timely, loaded the nearly drowned man into an ambulance and drove away. James and Raphael never learned who he was, what became of him or how he’d fallen into the river. “If I know I’m capable,” James says, “why wouldn’t I help?” Raphael adds, laughing, “People always say ‘If your friend jumps off a cliff, are you jumping?’ I think I answered that one.” 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，文章讲述了詹姆斯和拉斐尔在午餐时间偶然遇到一名男子落水的情景。詹姆斯毫不犹豫地跳入冰冷且污染严重的河水中进行救援，而拉斐尔也跟随跳入水中帮助他的朋友。两人在水中费力地将这名失去意识的中年男子救回码头，并在周围人群的帮助下将男子救出并最终送往医院。文章强调了两个主人公的英勇行为，以及他们在紧急情况下的默契配合和无私救援精神。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“码头上聚集了一群人。”可知，第一段可描写詹姆斯和拉斐尔营救中年男子的过程以及人群伸出援助之手，帮忙营救的情节。 ②由第二段首句内容“突然，那人动了一下，又恢复了呼吸。”可知，第二段可描写中年男子恢复意识，并且救护车以及救援人员把他带走，以及描写詹姆斯和拉斐尔二人的对话与感悟。 2.续写线索： 二人下水救人——路人伸出援助之手——二人成功救助——男子恢复意识——救护车和急救人员急忙赶到——二人感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①找到/发现：find/seek ②.及时赶到：come/reach/arrive timely ③.知道：know/be aware 情绪类 ①.困惑地：confusedly/with a great confusion ②.笑：laugh/wear a smile 【点睛】[高分句型1]. With the two men pushing from below and the crowd pulling from above, the man’s dangling body slowly rose until helping hands pulled him onto the pier. （运用了with复合结构） [高分句型2]. He lashed out confusedly, not knowing what was happening around. （现在分词作伴随状语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023-2024学年度高一下学期期末英语考试题 注意事项： 1. 答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息 2. 请将答案正确填写在答题卡上 第I卷(选择题) 第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What will the man do on Friday night? A. Eat out. B. Study. C. Have a picnic. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Why is Ms. Jenkins leaving the school according to the man? A. She is bored of teaching. B. She enjoys traveling everywhere. C. She wants to stay near her parents. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What will the woman do by 7 o’clock? A. Book tickets. B. Pick up her tickets. C. See a film. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where does this conversation take place? A. In a library. B. In a cafe. C. In a bookstore. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the woman mean? A. Mary had the car filled up. B. Mary had car trouble on the way home. C. Mary’s car ran out of gas halfway home. 第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. Who takes the dog for a walk every Sunday? A. The man. B. The man’s father. C. The man’s mother. 7. What does the man do on Saturday? A. He does the housework. B. He prepares meals. C. He goes to the park. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What is the man? A A student. B. A manager. C. A professor. 9. What does the man think of his life? A. Exciting. B. Interesting. C. Boring. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10 Why is Mr. Smith leaving his position? A. To change a job. B. To travel around the world. C. To move to another country. 11. How does the man feel about Mr. Smith’s leaving? A. Surprised. B. Pleased. C. Disappointed. 12. What will the man do on Friday afternoon? A. Plan for a meeting. B. Visit a lawyer. C. Attend a party. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. Which is the highest mountain in this area? A. Mount Karen. B. Mount Heather. C. Mount Brown. 14. What is the most popular activity in this mountain? A. Skiing. B. Seeing wildlife. C. Having snowmobile tours. 15. How is the weather in the mountain in summer? A. A bit cold. B. Quite cool. C. Very hot. 16 In which season may the tour be? A. Winter. B. Autumn. C. Summer. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. What is the speaker mainly talking about? A. A trip experience. B. Houseboats. C. A book on sale. 18. How long is the tour? A. One hour. B. Two hours. C. Three hours. 19. What does the speaker say about her houseboat? A. It is quite large. B. It is very popular. C. It has everything needed. 20. What is the speaker’s new book about? A. The tours on houseboats. B. The largest houseboat in the world. C. The history of houseboats in Seattle. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Importance of Being Earnest — Author: Oscar Wilde — Score: 3.825 — Average rating: 4.17/5, based on 277,734 ratings This comedic play by Oscar Wilde takes a satirical (讽刺的) look at Victorian social values while following two men — Jack Worthing and Algernon Moncrieff—as they tell lies to being some excitement to their lives. The Importance of Being Earnest was Wilde’s final play, and some consider it his masterpiece. A Raisin in the Sun — Author: Lorrain e Hansberry — Score: 3.550 — Average rating: 3.76/5, based on 59,314 rating The story follows the Youngers, a working class black family living on the South Side of Chicago who move to an all-white neighborhood during a time of descregration (取消种族隔离). In 1959, Lorraine Hansberry became the first black playwright to get a play produce d on Broadway. Frankenstein — Author: Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley — Score: 7.931 — Average rating: 3.78/5, based on 1,032,148 ratings The story was published in 1818 and introduced readers to Dr Victor Frankenstein, a scientist who brings to life a creature he assembled from discarded corpse (丢弃的尸体) parts. Although Dr Frankenstein is horrified by his creation and abandons it, the creature manages to educate itself and then seeks reverse on his creator. The novel explorers humanity’s desire for innovation and the fear of change it brings. Animal Form — Author: George Orwell — Score: 18.115 — Average rating: 3.92/5, based on 2,377,098 ratings A group of farm animals organizes a revolt (起义) after they realize their master, Mr Jones, is mistreating them and offering them nothing in return for their work. When they challenge the leadership, they are discipline d for speaking out. This classic isn’t about animal rights. It is a larger critique (评论) on Soviet Communism. Orwell wrote it as an attack against Stalinism in Russia. 21. If you are doing a project about black people in the US, which book may interest you most? A. The Importance of Being Earnest. B. A Raisin in the Sun. C. Frankenstein. D. Animal Farm. 22. What kind of book is Frankenstein? A. A mystery story. B. A horror novel. C. A fairy tale. D. A biography. 23. Why did Orwell write Animal Farm? A. To promote Soviet Communism. B. To document a historical event in a fun way. C. To raise people’s awareness of animal rights. D. To protest against Stalinist government policies. B The 36-year-old Jia Juntingxian was born in Pingxiang, Jiangxi Province, and was blind in both eyes due to a serious eye disease. She showed athletic talent since childhood and was selected as a track and field athlete by Jiangxi Disabled Persons’ Federation. Although she can’t see the world, Jia breaks through the “immediate” obstacles (障碍) again and again while running, letting the world see her. In her sports career, Jia has won 43 national and world-class sports medals. Among them, in 2016, she broke the world record and stood on the podium (领奖台) of the women’s T11-T13 4×100-meter relay event at the Rio Paralympics (残奥会). In 2017 Jia retired and chose to become a teacher at a special education school. Just a year ago, she found out that two young brothers, with visual impairments (视觉障碍), wanted to be an athlete. They had never attended a special education school and never achieved their athletic dream. Jia could only help them attend a local special education school. The experience made her realize that these children living in remote areas may have little knowledge of special education. Even she didn’t know about such schools until late into her education. As a result, she decided to become more involved with special education. Changing from a Paralympic competitor to a special education teacher, Jia said that there is no discomfort, “Because I understand the students as well as myself and know the inconveniences and difficulties of the children. I hope that every child is like a different seed. Through hard study, they can bravely realize their own life.” Jia also has paid close attention to the rights and interests of disabled people. In 2021, Jia proposed the construction of audible traffic signals for blind people. Her advice to local authorities on dog management has resulted in more indoor public places allowing the disabled to enter with their assistance dogs. Jia and her husband founded a massage (按摩) shop and currently employ 16 visually disabled people, with an average monthly salary of 3500 yuan per person. Jia always believes that the world is a circle, as long as the love of others is constantly passed on, the whole society will be full of love! 24. What can we learn about Jia from paragraph1 and 2? A. She has broken various world records in running. B. She had great difficulties winning the Rio Paralympics. C She has made great achievements in sports competitions. D. She had become an athlete before she developed the eye disease. 25. What inspired Jia to devote herself to special education? A. The good income at the local school. B. The difficult situation of disabled children. C. Her desire to enrich her life after retirement. D. Her responsibility of looking after her brothers. 26. What is paragraph 5 mainly about? A. What Jia has done to help the disabled. B. What Jia gains from working in special education. C. How Jia feels about being a special education teacher. D. Why Jia cares about the rights and interests of the disabled. 27. Which of the following words can best describe Jia Juntingxian? A. Proud and brave. B. Patient and generous. C. Caring and knowledgeable. D. Kind-hearted and inspiring. C Landfills are places where a large amount of waste and other refuse is buried in the ground. They are responsible for releasing a large amount of planet-warming methane gas into the atmosphere, a new study suggests. The study, which was published in Science Advances on Wednesday, is aimed at helping local governments carry out targeted efforts to limit global warming by identifying areas of major concern. For this purpose, the scientists used satellite data from four major cities around the world — Delhi and Mumbai in India, Lahore in Pakistan and Buenos Aires in Argentina. Based on the collected data, the scientists have drawn the conclusion that landfills are the third-largest source of methane emissions (排放) worldwide, after oil and gas systems and agriculture. And further investigation shows that the methane released from the landfills is generated from the decomposition (分解) of natural waste in them, like food, wood or paper. Methane, though only accounting for about 11 percent of greenhouse gas emissions, traps 80 times more heat in the atmosphere than CO₂. Scientists estimate that at least 25 percent of today’s warming is driven by methane from human actions. That’s why landfills are partly to blame for the global warming. Joannes Maasakkers, a leader of the study, said, “We found that these landfills, which are relatively small compared to city sizes, are responsible for a large part of total emissions from a given area.” Another scientist, Euan Nisbet, who was not part of the study, said, “This new work shows just how important it is to manage landfills better, especially in countries like India where landfills are often on fire, resulting in a wide range of damaging pollutants (污染物).” He also added that the newer satellite technology and on-the-ground research make it easier for researchers to identify “who is polluting the world”. 28. Why did the scientists carry out the study? A. To reduce the emission of the methane. B. To help the authorities control the global warming. C. To test out the new satellite technology. D. To clarify which places people are concerned about. 29. What do we know about methane gas according to the passage? A. There exists methane in food, wood and paper. B. Methane makes up most of the greenhouse gases. C. More methane is released from landfills than from agriculture. D. Methane prevents more heat in the air from escaping than CO₂ does. 30. What’s Euan Nisbet’s attitude towards the study? A. Favourable B. Concerned C. Unclear D. Doubtful 31. What’s the main idea of the passage? A. Methane causes the temperature of the earth to go up. B. Satellite data help identify the source of the pollutants. C. Landfills are to blame for the release of much methane. D. Waste and other refuse should be forbidden for their impact. D Millions of monarch butterflies (黑脉金斑蝶) once covered the trees of California’s coastal areas each winter, but now their numbers are decreasing.The recent annual Western Monarch Count found that the butterfly population was down by 99 percent from populations 40 years ago. Monarch butterflies have two populations: eastern and western varieties separated by the Rocky Mountains. The populations are very similar in appearance, but western monarch butterflies are generally smaller and darker in color. The two also follow different migration patterns.Eastern monarch butterflies spend winter in Mexico, while western ones gather on central California coasts to wait out the cold. In early spring, the two leave their rest places and begin to travel eastward.By the time the butterflies reach the Central Valley, they breed (繁殖). A butterfly can lay hundreds of eggs in a few weeks, and the new generation continues the migration.The cycle of generations and migration repeats every few weeks through the summer until the butterflies move as far as Idaho. And when the weather turns cold and the days get shorter, the butterflies return to California’s coasts. The overwintering population was counted every year. The missing information is the time period when the butterflies leave their winter woods and begin to breed in February, March and April. “We just don’t know what they’re doing in that middle period and how we can better support the population,” said Washington State University biologist Cheryl Schultz. “Maybe they’re resting in the woods, or maybe they need more fuel along the way, etc. Any of those thing might help monarch butterflies get from the coastal overwintering sites to breeding sites broadly in the Central Valley,” Schultz added. To fill that gap, the researchers set up the Western Monarch Mystery Challenge. The ten­-week program asks the public to submit photographs of monarch butterflies outside of their winter range. “We couldn’t be looking for monarch butterflies right now without the involvement of the community. There just aren’t enough of us,” Schultz said. “Reaching out to the community means we might be able to learn something where there is virtually no other way to learn it.” 32. From Paragraph 1, we know monarch butterflies _______. A. are counted by researchers every decade B. are in a very difficult situation now C. have lost their home in California D. have moved to new places 33. What do the two varieties of monarch butterflies have in common? A. Their breeding places. B. Their appearance and size. C. Their way of fighting against cold. D. Their migration destination in winter. 34. Why was the Western Monarch Mystery Challenge set up? A. To know the exact number of monarch butterflies. B. To help monarch butterflies get through tough winters. C. To know better about monarch butterflies to help them. D. To find out the influence of human activities on monarch butterflies. 35. What do Schultz’s words in the last paragraph show? A. It’s challenging to make the community get involved. B. It’s important to get help from the public. C. It’s difficult to study monarch butterflies. D. It’s rewarding to learn from the public. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 There may come a time when someone requires your help for a mental health issue. ____36____. But you may also struggle to know how to help in a way that assists with their immediate needs. If so, don’t worry. Try the following things to support those who needs you. Listen If someone approaches when they need help, it’s not always easy to know what you should do, and it may be more beneficial for you to just listen. ____37____. They may just need to get what they are feeling off their chest at that moment. Try your best not to interrupt. The more listening you do, the better your position in deciding what to do next. ____38____ Even if you have undergone (经历) some related training, that doesn’t mean you are in the best position to offer the mental health support someone needs. Sometimes, the best thing you can do is encourage them to seek professional help. You may be able to provide phone numbers and even attend appointments with them if it makes them more comfortable. Check in with them While being a listening ear is sometimes all someone needs to feel better, you can also become an ongoing source of support. Check in with the person experiencing a mental health problem so that they know you are always there for them. Make contact with them regularly to see how they are feeling. ____39____. Call emergency (紧急情况) services ____40____. However, it’s important to know your limits. If someone you know is experiencing self-hurting thoughts or tendencies, don’t hesitate to seek emergency help. The faster you act, the safer your friend or family member may be. A. Suggest support services B. Provide effective support C. You may be more than happy to help D. Express your concern for them as fast as possible E. Just knowing someone cares can bring them comfort F. They may not need you to offer solutions or even give them a hug G. Your support can be of great value to anyone going through a tough time 第三部分 语言知识与运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节：完形填空(共15题，每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Spanish class scared me in the freshman year. I knew little Spanish before starting the class, and I thought it would be ___41___ for me. However, Mary, our honored Spanish teacher, who was full of creativity, made her class fun from the beginning. I knew what to expect with a schedule for each week, but there was always some slight ___42___. Before the exam, Mary often asked us to ___43___ our lessons by ourselves. But I could remember one day she said, “This time, let’s play a game before going over what you’ve learned.” The game was so interesting that we all ___44___ ourselves. After the exam, Mary gave us opportunities to make up for our ___45___. After each error correction, she would check again. She took things so ___46___ that she wouldn’t overlook any detail. No wonder she was ___47___ by us. Mary was ___48___ and willing to help, within reason, on everything. We could ask her questions at any time. She encouraged everyone to speak Spanish in class. Because of that, I was ___49___ enough, and then I could communicate with Spanish speakers outside of class. When she knew our problems, she would give advice. When someone was struggling, she would ___50___. Mary’s ___51___ teaching eventually transformed my ___52___ into fascination. She infused (灌输) foreign culture into lessons, using music and dance to ___53___ our language skills. Her personalized attention to each student’s needs fostered a(n) ___54___ environment. At the end of the term, my Spanish improved, and my confidence soared. Mary left a lasting impact on my ___55___ for new challenges. 41. A. exciting B. easy C. boring D. beneficial 42. A. variation B. disturbance C. annoyance D. inconvenience 43. A. explain B. describe C. prepare D. review 44. A. challenged B. enjoyed C. trusted D. developed 45. A. experience B. time C. losses D. mistakes 46. A. seriously B. roughly C. modestly D. curiously 47. A. amused B. respected C. judged D. spotted 48. A. understanding B. humble C. athletic D. courageous 49. A. discouraged B. suspected C. heartened D. comforted 50. A. set out B. reach out C. get out D. make out 51. A. passive B. conventional C. voluntary D. innovative 52. A. fear B. sorrow C. anger D. confusion 53. A. know B. match C. enhance D. assess 54. A. secure B. supportive C. economic D. competitive 55. A. pity B. profit C. debate D. desire 第二节：语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The popularity of ancient towns in the south of the Yangtze River, such as Zhouzhuang and Wuzhen, has aroused a nationwide trend in the construction of ancient towns. Lin Peng, the director of China’s Institute of Ancient Cities and Cultural Studies, pointed ____56____ that there are more than 2,800 developed or developing ancient towns in our country, ____57____ is definitely the highest number globally. In ancient towns, ____58____ immersive (沉浸式) experience being mentioned here is historical and cultural characteristics — the “ancient” of ancient towns. Apart from visible “special buildings”, characteristics also include invisible “culture”. Tourists in ancient towns want to see the living ____59____ (condition) of local people, feel the vitality of town life, try characteristic local snacks ____60____ (influence) by geography and folk customs, and understand how long history ____61____ (shape) local culture. Out of modern fast-paced work and life, tourists want to awaken their inner softness with a slow-moving ancient town. Touring ancient towns is for recreation, relaxation, and pleasure, ____62____ if all the ancient towns in different places are the same and cannot find their own ____63____ (unique), then ancient town tourism will ____64____ (eventual) decline. Let every ancient town become a unique historical imprint (印记), so that tourists can find their “poetry and distance” while _____65_____ (wander) through the ancient towns. This is the soul that ancient towns need to regain. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 66. 你校将以“海洋保护”为主题，举办题为“Preserving the Oceans”英语演讲比赛。请你写一篇关于海洋保护的演讲稿参加此次活动。内容要点如下： 1.海洋的重要性； 2.呼吁采取措施保护海洋。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 James, a 24-year-old investment banker from Toronto, was just one week into his new job on Wall Street. Over the past month, he’d been settling in to the New York City apartment he was sharing with his college friend, an artificial intelligence engineer named Raphael. Now, last week, the two were going to meet in a lunchtime on Pier (码头) 15, overlooking the East River, when James froze. “Somebody’s in the water,” he said. Before Raphael could respond, James climbed over the rail (栏杆) at the edge of the pier and jumped into the cold, polluted water without taking the time to remove his shoes. What James had heard was an alarmed fisherman shouting from Pier 16, nearly 50 yards away, “Help! He’s in the water!” And what he’d seen was a person floating, lifeless. Raphael didn’t need to see the victim. Maybe James saw someone in the water who needs our help, he thought. Or maybe it’s James who needs my help. Either way, I’m going in. He took off his shoes and dived. Approaching the unconscious victim, James saw that it was a middle-aged man. He was big, around 200 pounds, respectably dressed and sinking fast. He was 3 feet below the surface by the time James reached him. The rescuer dived, felt around, grasped the man and kicked upward until they both got out of the surface. Raphael was there now. In the water, the two friends floated the man on his back. As Raphael put his arms around the man’s shoulders and James supported the bottom and knees, the pair pulled the man back to Pier 15. Their lungs heaved and their muscles burned as they pushed and pulled the immobile figure through the water. They might have been dragging a dead body. The man’s skin was blue, and neither Raphael nor James detected any breathing. When at last they reached Pier 15, they faced a new uncertainty. How to get out of the water? The shore was half meter above their heads. 注意： 1. 写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 On the pier, a crowd had gathered. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Suddenly the man moved, breathing again. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$