精品解析：吉林省长春市长春汽车经济技术开发区第三中学2023-2024学年高一下学期7月期末英语试题

汽开三中2023—2024学年度下学期期末考试 高一英语学科试卷 注意事项：本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分，共6页，总分150分，考试时间120分钟。 第Ⅰ卷 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 50分) 第一节 (共15题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Rome can be pricey for travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel (旅社). The hostels in Rome offer a bed in a dorm room for around $25 a night, and for that, you’ll often get to stay in a central location (位置) with security and comfort. Yellow Hostel If I had to make just one recommendation for where to stay in Rome, it would be Yellow Hostel. It’s one of the best-rated hostels in the city, and for good reason. It’s affordable, and it’s got a fun atmosphere without being too noisy. As an added bonus, it’s close to the main train station. Hostel Alessandro Palace If you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome. Hostel Alessandro Palace is fun. Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests like free shots, bar crawls and karaoke. There’s also an area on the rooftop for hanging out with other travelers during the summer. Youth Station Hostel If you’re looking for cleanliness and a modern hostel, look no further than Youth Station. It offers beautiful furnishings and beds. There are plenty of other benefits, too; it doesn’t charge city tax; it has both air conditioning and a heater for the rooms; it also has free Wi-Fi in every room. Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes is located just a 10-minute walk from the central city station and it’s close to all of the city’s main attractions. The staff is friendly and helpful, providing you with a map of the city when you arrive, and offering advice if you require some. However, you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi. 1. What is probably the major concern of travelers who choose to stay in a hostel? A. Comfort. B. Security. C. Price. D. Location. 2. Which hotel best suits people who enjoy an active social life? A. Yellow Hostel. B. Hostel Alessandro Palace. C. Youth Station Hostel. D. Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes. 3. What is the disadvantage of Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes? A. It gets noisy at night. B. Its staff is too talkative. C. It charges for Wi-Fi. D. It’s inconveniently located. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了罗马的几个价格低廉，安全舒适的旅馆。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Rome can be pricey for travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel (旅社).(罗马对旅行者来说可能很贵，这就是为什么许多人选择住在旅馆)”可知，选择住旅社的旅行者可能最关心的是价格。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Hostel Alessandro Palace部分“If you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome.(如果你喜欢社交旅馆，这是罗马最适合你的旅馆)”可知，如果喜欢活跃社交生活的人，Hostel Alessandro Palace是罗马最适合你的旅馆。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes部分“However, you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi.(但是，你需要支付每天2欧元的Wi-Fi费用)”可知，Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes的缺点是Wi-Fi收费。故选C。 B Eileen Gu — also known by her Chinese name, Gu Ailing — was born in 2003 in San Francisco. Her father is American and her mother is Chinese. Eileen started skiing when she was only three years old and became champion of the junior group of the USA Snowboard and Freeski Association at the age of nine. She earned her first World Cup victory at the FIS Freeski World Cup Slopestyle in Seiser Alm, Italy in January 2019. Then, on June 6 of the same year, she announced that she would be representing China competitively via her Instagram account. Feb 8 was Gu Ailing’s day, when she won gold in the women’s freestyle skiing big air event at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics. Gu made history that day, as it was her first time at the Olympics. It was also the first time a Chinese athlete participated in the contest and struck gold. She was expectedly trending on social networking sites. Yet, the gold medal is not the only reason behind Gu’s increasing popularity. After the first two rounds, Gu was trailing far behind her French competitor Tess Ledeux. However, she strove hard and made it in her last jump. Besides, when she got gold and Ledeux got silver, Gu was graceful enough to hug the latter in a tight embrace. In interviews after the contest, Gu said she participated in the Winter Olympics not to defeat her rivals but to do her best. What really helped her win so many hearts was her reaction to difficult questions on Twitter and Facebook, where some asked why she competed for China when she grew up in the United States. She was subjected to similar questions in news conferences before and after the contest, but she breezed through them. Sample some of her answers. “I feel just as American as Chinese. I don’t feel I’m taking advantage of one or another. They understand that my mission is to foster a connection between countries and not be a divisive force.” Gu came across as not just another athlete, but a woman with a warm heart and an open mind. Her virtues, namely fearlessness, confidence and openness, helped her resonate with audiences on both sides of the Pacific. Maybe those shooting questions at her should learn a little from her. 4. What can we learn about Gu Ailing? A. She began learning skiing at an early age and soon showed her talent. B. She earned her first World Cup victory when she was only 14. C. She publicized her decision to compete for China in an interview. D. She was the first Chinese athlete to participate in the Olympics. 5. Why did Gu Ailing competed for China regardless of her American background? A. To win gold medal more easily. B. To win audience’s hearts. C. To promote the unity between countries. D. To become well-known on social networking sites. 6. What’s the author’s attitude to those shooting questions at Gu Ailing? A. Admiring. B. Disapproving. C. Understanding. D. Indifferent. 7. What’s the best title of the passage? A. Gu Ailing—a unique gold winner. B. Gu Ailing—a girl making history. C. Gu Ailing—an excellent athlete. D. Gu Ailing—a girl competing for China. 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了谷爱凌的生平经历、冬奥会夺冠以及她对于代表中国参赛的看法，展现了她作为一位创造历史的运动员的形象。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段的“Eileen Gu– also known by her Chinese name, Gu Ailing – was born in 2003 in San Francisco. Her father is American and her mother is Chinese. Eileen started skiing when she was only three years old and became champi on of the junior group of the USA Snowboard and Freeski Association at the age of nine.(谷爱凌，中文名谷爱凌，2003年生于旧金山。她的父亲是美国人，母亲是中国人。谷爱凌三岁开始滑雪，九岁时成为美国单板滑雪协会青少年组冠军)”可知，谷爱凌三岁开始滑雪，九岁时成为美国单板滑雪协会青少年组冠军。由此可推知，Gu Ailing很早开始学习滑雪，并且很快就展现出了她的天赋。故选A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“I feel just as American as Chinese. I don’t feel I’m taking advantage of one or another. They understand that my mission is to foster a connection between countries and not be a divisive force.(我同样地感到自己既是美国人也是中国人。我并不觉得我在利用其中任何一个身份。他们明白我的使命是促进国家间的联系，而不是成为分裂的力量)”可知，Gu Ailing在采访中表示她的使命是促进国家之间的联系，而不是成为一个分裂的力量，因此她选择代表中国参赛是为了促进国家之间的团结。故选C。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Her virtues, namely fearlessness, confidence and openness, helped her resonate with audiences on both sides of the Pacific. Maybe those shooting questions at her should learn a little from her.(她的美德，即无畏、自信和开放，帮助她与太平洋两岸的观众产生了共鸣。也许那些向她提出问题的人应该向她学习)”可推知，作者对提问者的态度是不赞成的，认为他们应该向谷爱凌学习。故选B。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段的“Gu came across as not just another athlete, but a woman with a warm heart and an open mind. Her virtues, namely fearlessness, confidence and openness, helped her resonate with audiences on both sides of the Pacific. (谷爱凌展现出来的不仅仅是一名运动员的形象，而是一位拥有温暖心肠和开放心态的女性。她的美德，包括无畏、自信和开放性，帮助她在太平洋两岸的观众中产生了共鸣)”可知，文章主要谷爱凌不仅在2022年北京冬奥会上夺得了金牌，创造了历史，而且她还以其独特的背景和积极的态度，跨越国界，促进了国家之间的联系。她不仅是一位出色的运动员，更是以自己的行动和话语影响了大众，展现了一种超越体育的精神。所以“谷爱凌——一个创造历史的女孩。”适合作本文的标题。故选B。 C This morning, while tidying up my office, I found an open box of packaged chocolate cookies that I’d bought sometime last year. The use-by date had come and gone more than eight months ago. Curious, I took a small bite. They still tasted pretty good. Welcome to the world of ultra-processed (超加工) foods. And we’re eating a lot of them. Ultra-processed foods currently make up nearly 60% of what the typical adult eats, and nearly 70% of what kids eat. They include everything from cookies and sodas to packaged breads and frozen meals, even ice creams. You might not realize you’re eating one, but look close and you’ll see many ingredients you wouldn’t find in your kitchen. And a large and growing amount of evidence has consistently linked overconsumption of ultra-processed foods to poor health outcomes. “Too much of it leads to obesity and type two diabetes (糖尿病) and heart disease and cancer.” says Christopher Gardner, a professor at Stanford University, who has spent decades studying the links between diet and chronic disease (慢性病). One reason ultra-processed foods likely lead to health issues seems obvious: They tend to be low in fiber and high in calories, salt, added sugar and fat, which are all linked with poor health outcomes when eaten too much. Eventually, Gardner says the burden of making healthier food choices shouldn’t fall completely on consumers-especially when it comes to setting kids up for better health long term. “It does need the whole society to pay attention to this, to work together, including the food industry and the government, to be able to reduce the amount of ultra-processed food our kids are consuming in their day,” he says. 8. What does the author want to say in the second paragraphs? A. Ultra-processed foods preserve the flavor long. B. Ultra-processed foods have become a big part of our diet. C. Convenience explains the popularity of ultra-processed foods. D. A lot of health problems result from consumption of ultra-processed foods. 9. What does the underlined word “overconsumption” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Overproduction. B. Overselling. C. Overstore. D. Overeating. 10. What is a result of too much ultra-processed food in people’s lives? A. Fewer diseases. B. Health problems. C. Dietary changes. D. Market competition. 11. What is Gardner’s suggestion for making kids healthier in the long term? A. Punish the food industry. B. Reduce kids’ consumption. C. Unite efforts from all sides. D. Make smarter food choices. 【答案】8. B 9. D 10. B 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。w文章主要介绍的是超加工食品的一些问题，过度使用超加工食品会产生健康问题。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Ultra-processed foods currently make up nearly 60% of what the typical adult eats, and nearly 70% of what kids eat. They include everything from cookies and sodas to packaged breads and frozen meals, even ice creams.(目前，超加工食品占成年人饮食总量的近60%，占儿童饮食总量的近70%。它们包括从饼干和苏打水到包装面包和冷冻食品，甚至冰淇淋的所有东西)”可知，在日常饮食中，超加工的食品占据了相当大的比例。由此推知，超加工食品已经成为我们生活中重要的一部分。故选B项。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线单词后的““Too much of it leads to obesity and type two diabetes(糖尿病) and heart disease and cancer.” says Christopher Gardner, a professor at Stanford University, who has spent decades studying the links between diet and chronic disease (慢性病).(“吃得太多会导致肥胖、二型糖尿病、心脏病和癌症。斯坦福大学教授克里斯托弗·加德纳说。他花了几十年时间研究饮食和慢性病之间的联系)”可知，研究发现，过度使用超级工食品会造成身体健康问题，饮食与慢性疾病之间存在着联系。由此推知，划线单词的意思应是“过多地食用”。故选D项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的““Too much of it leads to obesity and type two diabetes (糖尿病) and heart disease and cancer.” says Christopher Gardner, a professor at Stanford University, who has spent decades studying the links between diet and chronic disease (慢性病).(“吃得太多会导致肥胖、二型糖尿病、心脏病和癌症。斯坦福大学教授克里斯托弗·加德纳说。他花了几十年时间研究饮食和慢性病之间的联系)”可知，研究发现，过多使用超加工食品会造成健康问题。由此可知，健康问题是过多使用超加工食品的结果。故选B项。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据尾段中的““It does need the whole society to pay attention to this, to work together, including the food industry and the government, to be able to reduce the amount of ultra-processed food our kids are consuming in their day,” he says.( “这确实需要整个社会都关注这一点，共同努力，包括食品行业和政府，以减少我们的孩子们每天消费的超加工食品的数量，”他说)”可知，Gardner认为，要从长远看来，要解决孩子的健康问题，需要的是整个社会引起重视，齐心协力。由此可知，Gardner的建议是团结社会的各方力量。故选C项。 D A computer programme can identify breast cancer from routine scans with greater accuracy than human experts. Researchers said they hoped this could prove a breakthrough in the fight against the global killer. Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in women all over the world, with more than 2 million new diagnoses last year alone. Whether breast cancer is severe is closely related to the time of diagnosis. Therefore, the regular examination is vital in detecting the earliest signs of the disease in patients who show no obvious symptoms. In Britain, women over 50 are advised to get a mammogram(乳房X光检查) every three years, the results of which are interpreted by two independent experts in order to reduce errors in diagnosis. But interpreting the scans leaves room for error, and a small percentage of all mammograms either return a false positive—misdiagnosing a healthy patient as having cancer or false negative—missing the disease as it spreads. Now researchers at Google Health have trained an artificial intelligence model to detect cancer in breast scans from thousands of women in Britain and the United States. The images had already been reviewed by doctors in real life but unlike in a clinical setting, the machine had no patient history to inform its diagnoses. The team found that their AI model could predict breast cancer from the scans with a similar accuracy level to expert radiographers, who are trained to take X-rays. Further, the AI showed a reduction in the percentage of cases where cancer was incorrectly identified—5.7 percent in the US and 1.2 percent in Britain, respectively. It also reduced the percentage of missed diagnoses by 9.4 percent among US patients and by 2.7 percent in Britain. “The earlier you identify a breast cancer, the better it is for the patient.” Dominic King, UK leading scientist at Google Health, told AFP. “We think about this technology in a way that supports and enables an expert, or a patient ultimately, to get the best outcome from whatever diagnostics(诊断法) they’ve had.” 12. What do we learn about breast cancer? A. It has become the top killer of all cancers. B. It is typical for two doctors to analyze the scans together. C. The program has succeeded in the fight against breast cancer. D. Its seriousness is strongly connected with the time of its diagnosis. 13. Which of the following is NOT an advantage of the artificial intelligence model? A. A lower percentage of missed diagnoses. B. A smaller percentage of mistakenly identified cases. C. No errors in mammograms being returned in a false result. D. No requirement for patient history to inform its diagnoses. 14. What can be inferred from Dominic King’s words? A. The AI model has no delay in the detection of breast cancer. B. The AI model can be of great help in diagnosing breast cancer. C. The technology will equip patients with more expert knowledge. D. Breast cancers can be definitely cured if identified early enough. 15. Which is the main idea of the text? A. A cure for breast cancer has been confirmed. B. A breakthrough in AI technology has been made. C. Researchers trained an AI model to help detect breast cancer. D. A computer program avoids errors in identifying breast cancer. 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家的一项新发明，研究人员训练一个新的人工智能模型，该人工智能模型可以通过常规扫描识别乳腺癌，其准确性比人类专家高。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Whether breast cancer is severe is closely related to the time of diagnosis.(乳腺癌是否严重与诊断时间密切相关)”可知，乳腺癌的严重性和诊断的早晚有密切的联系。故选D。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“The images had already been reviewed by doctors in real life but unlike in a clinical setting, the machine had no patient history to inform its diagnoses. (这些图像已经被医生在现实生活中检查过了，但与临床环境不同的是，机器没有病人的病史来进行诊断)”以及第五段“Now researchers at Google Health have trained an artificial intelligence model to detect cancer in breast scans from thousands of women in Britain and the United States. The images had already been reviewed by doctors in real life but unlike in a clinical setting, the machine had no patient history to inform its diagnoses.(该团队发现，他们的人工智能模型可以通过扫描结果预测乳腺癌，准确率与接受过X光拍摄训练的放射技师相当。此外，人工智能还显示，癌症被错误诊断的比例有所下降——美国为5.7%，英国为1.2%。它还将美国患者的漏诊率降低了9.4%，英国患者的漏诊率降低了2.7%)”可知，该人工智能模型的优势是：漏诊率较低，误诊率降低，不要求患者以往病例。选项C“乳房X光检查中没有错误返回错误结果”未提及。故选C。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段““The earlier you identify a breast cancer, the better it is for the patient.” Dominic King, UK leading scientist at Google Health, told AFP. “We think about this technology in a way that supports and enables an expert, or a patient ultimately, to get the best outcome from whatever diagnostics(诊断法) they’ve had.”(“越早发现乳腺癌，对患者就越好。”谷歌Health的英国首席科学家多米尼克·金告诉法新社。“我们认为这项技术能够支持并最终使专家或患者从他们所做的任何诊断中获得最佳结果。”)”可知，该人工智能对于诊断乳腺癌极有帮助。故选B。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“A computer programme can identify breast cancer from routine scans with greater accuracy than human experts. Researchers said they hoped this could prove a breakthrough in the fight against the global killer. (计算机程序可以通过常规扫描识别乳腺癌，其准确性比人类专家还要高。研究人员表示，他们希望这能成为对抗这种全球杀手的一项突破)”以及第四段“Now researchers at Google Health have trained an artificial intelligence model to detect cancer in breast scans from thousands of women in Britain and the United States. (现在谷歌Health的研究人员已经训练了一个人工智能模型，可以在英国和美国的数千名女性的乳房扫描中检测癌症)”可知，文章主要介绍了一个新的能识别乳腺癌的人工智能模型。故选C。 第二节 ((共5小题，每小题 2.5分，满分12.5分)) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Public speaking undoes the best of us. There is fear that, if you fail to prepare adequately, ____16____. Fumbles (笨嘴拙舌讲话) like these can cost you that desired promotion or a profitable new partnership. Its not always fair, but people are judged on their public-speaking skills. The good news, however, is that improvement is possible. Below are a few basic tips. Language is the major component a speaker needs to focus on. ____17____. Say “use” instead of “utilize”, and “detailed” instead of “granular”. Try not to refer to your growth plan as a “global recovery plan”. Language can perform its effectiveness by the speaker restating main points, providing a special message or encouraging audience to ask questions. ____18____. Good ones involve open palms, joined fingertips, or spread arms. While listening, audience have a tendency to position themselves into the situation created. ____19____. They could be enjoyable or defeated ones. For instance, tell your listeners about a time you got it wrong. Let them learn from your mistakes. ____20____. Adopting pictures, diagrams or catalogues (目录) can help make your presentation impressive. Include a brief clip from a well-known movie to entertain your audience and drive the point home. But bear in mind — don’t let them distract from you. A. It is expected to be simple B. Enhance the entertainment part C. Visual elements are a huge help D. you could find yourself at a loss for words E. A speaker needs to offer common experiences to stimulate empathy (共情) F. Aside from it, non-verbal language is significant in making your speech sufficient G. your audience won’t forget the inappropriate remarks and your team’s reputation will be ruined 【答案】16. D 17. A 18. F 19. E 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是公开演讲的一些建议。 【16题详解】 空前说“There is fear that, if you fail to prepare adequately(有人担心，如果你没有做好充分的准备)”，空格处应说没有做好充分的准备会导致什么结果，D选项“you could find yourself at a loss for words(你会发现自己无话可说)”说明了不准备充分就会觉得无话可说，是一个不好的结果，因此D选项承接上文，符合语境，故选D。 【17题详解】 空后“Say “use” instead of “utilize”, and “detailed” instead of “granular”.(说“use”而不是“utilize”，说“detailed”而不是“granular”)”说明演讲时的用词要简单，A选项“It is expected to be simple(它应该是简单的)”正好说明了用词要简单这一点，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选A。 【18题详解】 空后“Good ones involve open palms, joined fingertips, or spread arms.(好的动作包括张开手掌、指尖并拢或双臂展开)”是关于肢体语言的，F选项“Aside from it, non-verbal language is significant in making your speech sufficient(除此之外，非言语语言在使你的讲话充分方面也很重要)”引出了肢体语言很重要，和后文内容呼应，因此F选项承上启下，符合语境，故选F。 【19题详解】 空前说“While listening, audience have a tendency to position themselves into the situation created.(在听的时候，听众倾向于把自己置于所创造的情境中)”，空格处应说明根据这一点，演讲者应该怎么做，E选项“A speaker needs to offer common experiences to stimulate empathy (共情)(演讲者需要提供共同的经历来激发同理心)”说明了演讲者正确的做法，“经历”和空前的“情境”相呼应，因此E选项承上启下，符合语境，故选E。 【20题详解】 空格处是本段的主题句，由空后的“Adopting pictures, diagrams or catalogues (目录) can help make your presentation impressive.(使用图片、图表或目录可以使你的演示文稿令人印象深刻)”可知，本段主要讲的是视觉上的一些东西对演讲的作用，C选项“Visual elements are a huge help(视觉元素是一个巨大的帮助)”说明视觉元素的重要性，概括了本段内容，可作为主题句，故选C。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 When faced with difficult situations in their lives, many people find them too ___21___ and give up, especially on their life dreams. But not for Gabriel Heredia. Gabriel is a 20-year-old Argentinian barber who was born without hands. ___22___ his physical disability, he was able to grow up happily and independently. He also always had the support of friends and family, never feeling ___23___ treated at all by his schoolmates. At the age of 14, he ___24___ working as a barber, and learned all the techniques to perfect haircuts. Although he first saw it as a hobby, Gabricl quickly ___25___ that this was the profession he wanted to work in. His family ___26___ him to open his first barbershop, which he worked at for one and a half years. There, he ___27___ the president of Argentina Corta, an organization for barbers to connect, do charity work in less fortunate neighborhoods, and teach hairdressing to those who are ___28___. Gabriel is now part of Argentina Corta, offering his services to people of all ___29___ so they can build up the skills they need to get decent jobs. As a bright and caring young man, Gabriel ____30____ not only to be a barber, but also to make a connection with the neighborhood: “The thing that I like most of my ____31____ is that people feel comfortable and stylish with my cuts and that makes me ____32____.” Nowadays, Gabriel runs his own barber shop in Buenos Aires, where people ____33____ around the block for his services. Gabriel’s ____34____ shows that the barriers we face in life are never impossible to deal with successfully. Whatever problem you face, you can ____35____ tackle it by adopting the right mindset, and never giving up. 21. A. dangerous B. cruel C. large D. challenging 22. A. Except B. Besides C. Despite D. Through 23. A. equally B. fairly C. differently D. kindly 24. A. started B. continued C. stopped D. imagined 25. A. promised B. hoped C. determined D. predicted 26. A. advised B. forced C. inspired D. helped 27. A. introduced B. met C. found D. influenced 28. A. lucky B. puzzled C. interested D. intelligent 29. A. levels B. abilities C. types D. ages 30. A. fails B. struggles C. happens D. refuses 31. A. future B. shop C. dream D. job 32. A. special B. generous C. confident D. happy 33. A. turn up B. line up C. end up D. pack up 34. A. story B. lesson C. decision D. choice 35. A. almost B. usually C. hardly D. never 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. D 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，Gabriel天生就没有双手，但他经过努力成为了一名理发师，并投入到慈善工作中，他的故事告诉我们无论面对什么问题，你通常可以通过采取正确的心态，永不放弃来解决它。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当面对生活中困难时，很多人认为它太具挑战性就放弃了，尤其是生活的梦想。A. dangerous危险的；B. cruel残忍的；C. 1arge大的；D. challenging有挑战性的。根据下文“give up”可知，很多人认为困难太具挑战性就放弃了。故选D项。 【22题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：尽管身体有残疾，他还是快乐地长大并且很独立。A. Except除了；B. Besides除了……之外（还）；C. Despite尽管；D. Through通过。上下文为转折关系。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：有了朋友和家人的支持，他从来没感到自己被同学们区别对待。A. equally平等地；B. fairly公平地；C. differently不同地；D. kindly友好地。根据上文“He also always had the support of friends and family”可知，他从来没感到自己被同学们区别对待。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：14岁时，他开始当理发师，还学会了所有完美发型的技巧。A. started开始；B. continued继续；C. stopped停止；D. imagined想象。根据上文“t the age of 14”以及根据下文“learned all the techniques to perfect haircuts.”可知，14岁时，他开始当理发师。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然他一开始只是把它当成爱好，但是他很快就决定这是他想要从事的职业。A. promised承诺；B. hoped希望；C. determined决定；D. predicted预言。根据下文“this was the profession he wanted to work in.”可知，他很快就决定这是他想要从事的职业。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的家人帮助他开了第一家理发店，他在那里工作了一年半。A. advised建议；B. forced强迫；C. inspired鼓舞；D. helped帮助。根据上文“Gabriel is a 20-year-old Argentinian barber who was born without hands”可知，家人帮助他开了第一家理发店。故选D项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那里，他遇到了阿根廷理发师协会(Argentina Corta)的主席，这是一个理发师相互联系的组织，在不太幸运的社区做慈善工作，并向有感兴趣的人教授美发技能。A. introduced介绍；B. met见面；遇到；C. found发现；D. influenced影响。根据上文“the president of Argentina Corta”以及下文“Gabriel is now part of Argentina Corta”可知，他遇到了阿根廷理发师协会(Argentina Corta)的主席。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那里，他遇到了阿根廷理发师协会(Argentina Corta)的主席，这是一个理发师相互联系的组织，在不太幸运的社区做慈善工作，并向感兴趣的人教授美发技能。A. lucky幸运的；B. puzzled困惑的；C. interested感兴趣的；D. intelligent聪明的。根据上文“teach hairdressing to those”以及常识可知，要向感兴趣的人教授美发技能。 故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Gabriel现在是阿根廷理发师协会的一员，为所有年龄段的人提供服务，帮助他们掌握获得体面工作所需的技能。A. 1evels水平；B. abilities能力；C. types类型；D. ages年龄。根据下文“so they can build up the skills they need to get decent jobs”可知，他为所有年龄段的人提供服务。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个聪明而有爱心的年轻人，Gabriel不仅努力成为一名理发师，还努力与邻居建立联系。A. fails失败；B. struggles努力；C. happens碰巧；D. refuses拒绝。根据下文“but also to make a connection with the neighborhood”可知，他在许多方面都是努力的。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我的工作，我最喜欢的一点是人们觉得我设计的发型既舒适又时尚会让我感到很快乐。A. future未来；B. shop商店；C. dream梦想；D. job工作。根据常识可知，理发师是一种职业,一份工作。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对我工作，我最喜欢的一点是人们觉得我设计的发型既舒适又时尚会让我感到很快乐。A. special特别的；B. generous大方的；C. confident自信的；D. happy快乐的。根据上文“people feel comfortable and stylish with my cuts”可知，设计的发型既舒适又时尚会让Gabriel感到很快乐，这是一种成就感。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：如今，Gabriel在布宜诺斯艾利斯经营着自己的理发店，人们在街区周围排队等候他的服务。A. turn up调高；B. line up排队；C. end up结束；D. pack up整理。根据上文“people feel comfortable and stylish with my cuts”可知，他做的非常的棒，人们在街区周围排队等候他的服务。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Gabriel的故事表明我们在生活中面对的困难从来都不是不可能成功地解决。A. story故事；B. 1esson教训；C. decision决定；D. choice选择。根据上文可知，短文主要在介绍了Gabriel的故事，所以本句是从故事中得到的感悟。故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：无论面对什么问题，你通常可以通过采取正确的心态，永不放弃来解决它。A. almost几乎；B. usually通常；C. hardly几乎不；D. never从不。根据下文“tackle it by adopting the right mindset, and never giving up.”可知，通常可以通过采取正确的心态，永不放弃来解决问题。故选B项。 第二节 (共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Scientists at the University of Liverpool (UL) have developed a robot that can run experiments on its own. It’s not new for labs to use robots. But earlier robots usually stayed in one place and ____36____ (do) one job over and over again. The UL robot is different. It’s able to ____37____ (easy) move around in the same kind of space as humans do. It uses a special system called LIDAR to guide ____38____ (it). With one long arm which can turn in almost any direction, the robot can use several different kinds of lab equipment and carry out ____39____ variety of tasks. The scientists says it took a lot of work ____40____ (program) the robot so that it could do things without ____41____ (make) mistakes. Once the programming is done, though, the robot makes ____42____ (few) mistakes than a human. To test their robot, the scientists gave it a task: find a material ____43____ was able to produce hydrogen (氢) from water. The robot was programmed to understand the basic methods for the experiment, but it ____44____ (give) 10 different things it could change which could influence the results. That meant that the robot could choose from around 98 million different mini-experiments. Over the next 8 days, the robot ran 688 experiments, always choosing its next experiment based ____45____ the results of the last one. 【答案】36. did 37. easily 38. itself 39. a 40. to program 41. making 42. fewer 43. which/ that 44. was given 45. on/ upon 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。利物浦大学(UL)的科学家已经开发出一种可以自己进行实验的机器人。文章对此进行了介绍。 【36题详解】 考查一般过去时。句意：但早期的机器人通常呆在一个地方，反复做一项工作。根据“stayed in one place”可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填did。 【37题详解】 考查副词。句意：它可以很容易地在和人类一样的空间里移动。修饰动词move应用副词。副词easily意为“容易地”。故填easily。 【38题详解】 考查反身代词。句意：它使用一种叫做激光雷达的特殊系统来引导自己。此处宾语和主语相同，所以应用反身代词。故填itself。 【39题详解】 考查不定冠词和固定搭配。句意：机器人长臂几乎可以向任何方向转动，它可以使用几种不同的实验室设备，并执行各种任务。a variety of意为“各种各样的”，为固定搭配。所以此处应用不定冠词a。故填a。 【40题详解】 考查to do不定式。句意：科学家们表示，为机器人编程花费了大量工作，这样它就可以在做事时不犯错误。“it takes...to do sth”意为“做某事花费……”，为固定句式，此处to do不定式为真正的主语，it为形式主语。故填to program。 【41题详解】 考查动名词。句意：科学家们表示，为机器人编程花费了大量工作，这样它就可以在做事时不犯错误。在介词without后应用动名词作宾语。故填making。 【42题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：然而，一旦编程完成，机器人犯的错误就比人类少。根据“than a human”可知，此处应用形容词比较级。故填fewer。 【43题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：为了测试他们的机器人，科学家们给了它一个任务：找到一种能够从水中产生氢的材料。定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为material，所以应用关系代词that或which。故填which/ that。 【44题详解】 考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：机器人被编程从而理解实验的基本方法，但它被给了10种不同的可以改变的东西，这可能会影响结果。根据“The robot was programmed to understand the basic methods for the experiment”可知，此处应用一般过去时。动词give意为“给”，和主语it构成被动关系，且主语为第三人称单数。故填was given。 【45题详解】 考查介词和固定搭配。句意：在接下来的8天里，机器人进行了688次实验，总是根据上一次实验的结果来选择下一次实验。be based on/upon意为“根据”，为固定搭配。所以此处应用介词on或upon。故填on/ upon。 第Ⅱ卷(非选择题) 第四部分：基础知识(共一节，满分10分) 单词拼写：根据相应提示，用正确的单词形式填空，完成下列句子(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 46. We need to ______ (道歉) for the delay to your flight today. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】apologize 【解析】 【详解】考查不定式作宾语。句意：我们要为您今天的航班延误向您道歉。“道歉”的英文表达是apologize，且与空前的to在句中作宾语。故填apologize。 47. They were bitterly ______ (失望的) at the result of the game. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】disappointed 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词作表语。句意：他们对比赛的结果感到非常失望。“失望的”英文表达是disappointed，且在句中作表语。故答案为disappointed。 48. The ______ (大多数) of people around here are music lovers and gather every week. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】majority 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意： 在这附近的大多数人都是音乐爱好者，每周都聚会。根据句子结构，“大多数”表达为majority，the majority of“大多数……”为固定短语。故填majority。 49. The meaning of the new word can be ________(推断) from the context.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】inferred 【解析】 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：这个新词的意思可以从上下文中推断出来。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为动词infer“推断”，满足句意要求，结合句意以及空前be动词可知，此处为动词被动语态结构，所以为过去分词形式。故填inferred。 50. She is ______(有决心的) to carry on with her education. (根据汉语提示拼写单词) 【答案】determined 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：她决心继续她的学业。“有决心的”应用形容词determined，作句子的表语，构成固定短语be determined to do sth.，意为“决心做……”。故填determined。 51. A journalist should be completely ______ (客观的) and not express any personal ideas or emotions. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】objective 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：记者应该完全客观，不表达任何个人的想法和情绪。“客观的”为形容词objective，作表语。故填objective。 52. She got closer to me and ______ (耳语) something in my ear. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】whispered 【解析】 【详解】考查一般过去时。句意：她走近我，在我耳边说了些什么。“耳语”的英文表达是whisper，且与got构成并列的谓语动词，所以用一般过去时。故答案为whispered。 53. We can take part in a wide ________(一系列) of activities after school. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】range 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：放学后我们可以参加各种各样的活动。根据汉语提示，这里应用名词range，为可数名词，常用作单数，a wide range of意为“各种各样的”。故填range。 54. It had been a success far ______ (超过) their expectations. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】beyond 【解析】 【详解】考查介词。句意：它的成功远远超出了他们的预期。“超过”的英文表达是beyond，是介词，beyond expectation的意思是“超出预期”。故填beyond。 55. We have to set a time ______(限制) for the work and waste no time. (根据汉语提示拼写单词) 【答案】limit 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们必须给这项工作设定时间限制，不能浪费时间。根据“set a time”可知，“限制”应用名词limit，作set的宾语，和time搭配表示“时间限制”，且空前有a，limit应用单数形式。故填limit。 第五部分 写作(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (满分10分) 56. 中国女药学家屠呦呦在2015年获得了诺贝尔生理学或医学奖，是中国人的骄傲。请根据以下提示以The great Person I Admire为题目介绍屠呦呦的故事。 1). 屠呦呦，女，药学家。1930年12月30日生于浙江宁波。1951年考入北京大学。毕业后，她投入到治疗疟疾的研究中。 2). 她非常地尽职尽责，耐心谦虚。经过各种艰辛的努力，因为发现了青蒿素在2015年获得了诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。 3). 你对屠呦呦的评价。 要求：包括以上提示内容，可适当添加细节，词数120左右。 参考词汇：药学家pharmacologist;疟疾malaria;青蒿素artemisinin;诺贝尔生理学或医学奖Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine The great Person I Admire ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Tu Youyou, a great scientist of my country, was awarded the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for her discovery of artemisinin. Born in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province on December 30th in 1930, she was admitted into Peking University Health Science Centre in 1951. After graduation, she devoted all her efforts to the malaria research. With hard work and determination, she discovered artemisinin, which is of great significance for some deadly disease. Tu Youyou, the first Chinese citizen to win the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, is hard-working and modest. Her discovery is seen as a big contribution to the human health. All our Chinese are proud of her. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生根据提示写一篇短文，介绍屠呦呦故事。 【详解】1.词汇积累 被看作：be seen as→be regarded as 为……骄傲：be proud of→take pride in 重要的：be of great significance→be significant 谦虚的：modest→odest 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Tu Youyou, a great scientist of my country, was awarded the 2015 Nobel Prize on Physiology of medicine for her discovery of artemisinin. 拓展句：Tu Youyou, who is a great scientist of my country, was awarded the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for her discovery of artemisinin. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Born in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province on December 30th in 1930, she was admitted into Peking University Health Science Centre in 1951. (运用了过去分词作状语) [高分句型2] Tu Youyou, the first Chinese citizen to win the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, is hard-working and modest. (运用了不定式作后置定语) [高分句型3]With hard work and determination, she discovered artemisinin, which is of great significance for some deadly disease.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） (二)读后续写(20分) 57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The Secret of Flowers Sumiko worked with her mother in their vegetable garden every day. The produce from their garden was sold at the farmer’s market. This is how they made their living. Sumiko’s job was to make sure the daikon radish (白萝卜) plants were never too dry. Each day Sumiko would push her finger into the soil to test for moisture (水分), and then carefully water any plant that needed it. Sumiko often imagined the plants she tended were beautiful chrysanthemums (菊花), like Mrs. Higaki’s prize flowers. Sumiko envied (羡慕) Mrs. Higaki. If she could sell flowers like Mrs. Higaki, she would be able to buy things for her mother. But chrysanthemums were expensive to start, and Sumiko could only dream about growing them. One day, Sumiko visited Mrs. Higaki to see her flowers. Mrs. Higaki was checking her chrysanthemums when she arrived. The garden of flowers springing up excited Sumiko. “I wish I could grow beautiful chrysanthemums and win a prize at the festival like you.” “You?” Mrs. Higaki laughed. “Child, do you know what’s required to grow such flowers? The secret to growing prize chrysanthemums has been passed down to me from past generations of my family. And you?” She chuckled (轻声笑). “Stick to vegetables, child. Leave flowers to those who know the secret of flowers.” Mrs. Higaki returned to her gardening, ignoring the sad look on Sumiko’s face. Then she pulled up what looked like a weed (杂草). “What’s that?” Sumiko asked. “A shabby (破烂的) plant. Unworthy of my time — too weak to trouble,” Mrs. Higaki said before throwing the shabby plant into the field beside the garden. Sumiko smiled. She had an idea. She politely said goodbye to Mrs. Higaki and went out the garden gate, quickly picking up the shabby plant before rushing home. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Sumiko found a quiet place and planted the shabby plant carefully. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ On festival morning, Sumiko jumped with joy upon seeing her little plant flowering. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Sumiko found a quiet place and planted the shabby plant carefully. She watered it daily, nurturing it with care and attention. She imagined it would one day grow into a beautiful chrysanthemum, and she was determined to prove Mrs. Higaki wrong. With each passing day, the plant grew stronger and taller, but still it did not resemble a chrysanthemum. However, Sumiko did not give up, and she continued to care for it with love and patience. On festival morning Sumiko jumped with joy upon seeing her little plant flowering. It was not a chrysanthemum, but a vibrant and unique bloom, its petals a soft pink with delicate white edges. She knew she had achieved something special. She took the flower to the festival, and although it did not win a prize, it did win the admiration of many. Mrs. Higaki, seeing Sumiko’s proud face and the unique flower, realized that the secret of flowers was not just passed down from generation to generation, but also found in the hearts of those who cared deeply for them. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Sumiko与母亲一起种植蔬菜为生，她羡慕能种出美丽菊花的Higaki夫人。一天，她拜访Higaki夫人时，看到夫人丢弃了一株看似弱小的植物。Sumiko心生一计，悄悄将植物带回家，打算自己培育。她希望能种出美丽的菊花，证明自己也能种出与Higaki夫人一样美丽的花朵。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“Sumiko找了一个安静的地方，小心翼翼地种下了那株破旧的植物。”可知，第一段可描写Sumiko细心照料植物，虽然它不像是一株菊花，但Sumiko 并没有放弃，她继续用爱和耐心去照顾它。 ②由第二段首句内容“在节日的早晨，Sumiko看到她的小植物开花，高兴地跳了起来。”可知，第二段可描写植物开出了充满生机和独特的花朵。Sumiko带着这朵花去了节日庆典，虽然它没有赢得奖项，但它赢得了Higaki夫人和许多人的赞赏。 2.续写线索：细心培育并满怀期待——坚持不放弃并继续用心照料——植物开出独特的花朵——参加庆典并得到赞赏 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①想象：imagine/picture ②开花：flower/bloom ③实现：achieve/accomplish 情绪类 ①小心地：carefully/with care ②下决心做：be determined to/make up one’s mind 【点睛】[高分句型1] She watered it daily, nurturing it with care and attention.(运用了现在分词作伴随状语) [高分句型2] She knew she had achieved something special.(运用了省略连词that的宾语从句) [高分句型3] She took the flower to the festival, and although it did not win a prize, it did win the admiration of many.(运用了从属连词although引导让步状语从句) 听力试题 第一部分 听力理解(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What is the man’s favorite sport? A．Golf. B．Football. C．Basketball. 2．What does the woman want to learn? A．Russian. B．English. C．Spanish. 3．What does the woman want to do? A．Finish her homework. B．Read the man’s paper. C．Help the man with his paper. 4．How many people are there in the woman’s family? A．4. B．5. C．6. 5．What did Bob do last week? A．He took the driver’s test. B．He got the driving license. C．He fell down during the driver’s test. 第二节 (共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6．How long has the man been in London? A．Nine days. B．Nine months. C．One year. 7．Who will the man talk with this evening? A．The woman. B．His boss. C．Tom. 听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。 8．What does the teacher ask his students to call him? A．Mr. Black. B．James. C．Jim. 9．What does the man think about studying chemistry? A．It’s important to watch carefully. B．It’s interesting to study chemistry. C．It’s good to have a nice chemistry teacher. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10．Where does Mary come from? A．London. B．Manchester. C．A small town. 11．How did Mary go to work in London? A．By bus. B．On foot. C．By subway. 12．What does the man think of going by bus? A．Cheap and interesting. B．Cheap but boring. C．Interesting but expensive. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13．What season is it most likely now? A．Spring. B．Summer. C．Autumn. 14．Why did Helen come here? A．To visit John. B．To teach skating. C．To attend a wedding. 15．Where does John work now? A．At Bank of America. B．At the radio station. C．At the TV station. 16．What’s the relationship between the speakers? A．Friends. B．Strangers. C．Schoolmates. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．When will the event be held? A．From January 12th to February 12th. B．From January 12th to February 10th. C．From January 10th to February 12th. 18．How much is the entrance fee for a couple with a child of 8? A．$10. B．$20. C．$30. 19．Which event will be held in the center of the site? A．An ice sculpture exhibition. B．A fancy dress exhibition. C．A flower show. 20．What does the speaker talk about? A．A detailed plan. B．A well-known competition. C．An unforgettable experience. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 汽开三中2023—2024学年度下学期期末考试 高一英语学科试卷 注意事项：本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分，共6页，总分150分，考试时间120分钟。 第Ⅰ卷 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 50分) 第一节 (共15题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Rome can be pricey for travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel (旅社). The hostels in Rome offer a bed in a dorm room for around $25 a night, and for that, you’ll often get to stay in a central location (位置) with security and comfort. Yellow Hostel If I had to make just one recommendation for where to stay in Rome, it would be Yellow Hostel. It’s one of the best-rated hostels in the city, and for good reason. It’s affordable, and it’s got a fun atmosphere without being too noisy. As an added bonus, it’s close to the main train station. Hostel Alessandro Palace If you love social hostels this is the best hostel for you in Rome. Hostel Alessandro Palace is fun. Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests like free shots, bar crawls and karaoke. There’s also an area on the rooftop for hanging out with other travelers during the summer. Youth Station Hostel If you’re looking for cleanliness and a modern hostel, look no further than Youth Station. It offers beautiful furnishings and beds. There are plenty of other benefits, too; it doesn’t charge city tax; it has both air conditioning and a heater for the rooms; it also has free Wi-Fi in every room. Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes is located just a 10-minute walk from the central city station and it’s close to all of the city’s main attractions. The staff is friendly and helpful, providing you with a map of the city when you arrive, and offering advice if you require some. However, you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi. 1. What is probably the major concern of travelers who choose to stay in a hostel? A. Comfort. B. Security. C. Price. D. Location. 2. Which hotel best suits people who enjoy an active social life? A. Yellow Hostel. B. Hostel Alessandro Palace. C. Youth Station Hostel. D. Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes. 3. What is the disadvantage of Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes? A. It gets noisy at night. B. Its staff is too talkative. C. It charges for Wi-Fi. D. It’s inconveniently located. B Eileen Gu — also known by her Chinese name, Gu Ailing — was born in 2003 in San Francisco. Her father is American and her mother is Chinese. Eileen started skiing when she was only three years old and became champion of the junior group of the USA Snowboard and Freeski Association at the age of nine. She earned her first World Cup victory at the FIS Freeski World Cup Slopestyle in Seiser Alm, Italy in January 2019. Then, on June 6 of the same year, she announced that she would be representing China competitively via her Instagram account. Feb 8 was Gu Ailing’s day, when she won gold in the women’s freestyle skiing big air event at the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics. Gu made history that day, as it was her first time at the Olympics. It was also the first time a Chinese athlete participated in the contest and struck gold. She was expectedly trending on social networking sites. Yet, the gold medal is not the only reason behind Gu’s increasing popularity. After the first two rounds, Gu was trailing far behind her French competitor Tess Ledeux. However, she strove hard and made it in her last jump. Besides, when she got gold and Ledeux got silver, Gu was graceful enough to hug the latter in a tight embrace. In interviews after the contest, Gu said she participated in the Winter Olympics not to defeat her rivals but to do her best. What really helped her win so many hearts was her reaction to difficult questions on Twitter and Facebook, where some asked why she competed for China when she grew up in the United States. She was subjected to similar questions in news conferences before and after the contest, but she breezed through them. Sample some of her answers. “I feel just as American as Chinese. I don’t feel I’m taking advantage of one or another. They understand that my mission is to foster a connection between countries and not be a divisive force.” Gu came across as not just another athlete, but a woman with a warm heart and an open mind. Her virtues, namely fearlessness, confidence and openness, helped her resonate with audiences on both sides of the Pacific. Maybe those shooting questions at her should learn a little from her. 4. What can we learn about Gu Ailing? A. She began learning skiing at an early age and soon showed her talent. B. She earned her first World Cup victory when she was only 14. C. She publicized her decision to compete for China in an interview. D. She was the first Chinese athlete to participate in the Olympics. 5. Why did Gu Ailing competed for China regardless of her American background? A. To win gold medal more easily. B. To win audience’s hearts. C. To promote the unity between countries. D. To become well-known on social networking sites. 6. What’s the author’s attitude to those shooting questions at Gu Ailing? A. Admiring. B. Disapproving. C. Understanding. D. Indifferent. 7. What’s the best title of the passage? A. Gu Ailing—a unique gold winner. B. Gu Ailing—a girl making history. C. Gu Ailing—an excellent athlete. D. Gu Ailing—a girl competing for China. C This morning, while tidying up my office, I found an open box of packaged chocolate cookies that I’d bought sometime last year. The use-by date had come and gone more than eight months ago. Curious, I took a small bite. They still tasted pretty good. Welcome to the world of ultra-processed (超加工) foods. And we’re eating a lot of them. Ultra-processed foods currently make up nearly 60% of what the typical adult eats, and nearly 70% of what kids eat. They include everything from cookies and sodas to packaged breads and frozen meals, even ice creams. You might not realize you’re eating one, but look close and you’ll see many ingredients you wouldn’t find in your kitchen. And a large and growing amount of evidence has consistently linked overconsumption of ultra-processed foods to poor health outcomes. “Too much of it leads to obesity and type two diabetes (糖尿病) and heart disease and cancer.” says Christopher Gardner, a professor at Stanford University, who has spent decades studying the links between diet and chronic disease (慢性病). One reason ultra-processed foods likely lead to health issues seems obvious: They tend to be low in fiber and high in calories, salt, added sugar and fat, which are all linked with poor health outcomes when eaten too much. Eventually, Gardner says the burden of making healthier food choices shouldn’t fall completely on consumers-especially when it comes to setting kids up for better health long term. “It does need the whole society to pay attention to this, to work together, including the food industry and the government, to be able to reduce the amount of ultra-processed food our kids are consuming in their day,” he says. 8. What does the author want to say in the second paragraphs? A. Ultra-processed foods preserve the flavor long. B. Ultra-processed foods have become a big part of our diet. C. Convenience explains the popularity of ultra-processed foods. D. A lot of health problems result from consumption of ultra-processed foods. 9. What does the underlined word “overconsumption” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Overproduction. B. Overselling. C. Overstore. D. Overeating. 10. What is a result of too much ultra-processed food in people’s lives? A. Fewer diseases. B. Health problems. C. Dietary changes. D. Market competition. 11. What is Gardner’s suggestion for making kids healthier in the long term? A. Punish the food industry. B. Reduce kids’ consumption. C. Unite efforts from all sides. D. Make smarter food choices. D A computer programme can identify breast cancer from routine scans with greater accuracy than human experts. Researchers said they hoped this could prove a breakthrough in the fight against the global killer. Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in women all over the world, with more than 2 million new diagnoses last year alone. Whether breast cancer is severe is closely related to the time of diagnosis. Therefore, the regular examination is vital in detecting the earliest signs of the disease in patients who show no obvious symptoms. In Britain, women over 50 are advised to get a mammogram(乳房X光检查) every three years, the results of which are interpreted by two independent experts in order to reduce errors in diagnosis. But interpreting the scans leaves room for error, and a small percentage of all mammograms either return a false positive—misdiagnosing a healthy patient as having cancer or false negative—missing the disease as it spreads. Now researchers at Google Health have trained an artificial intelligence model to detect cancer in breast scans from thousands of women in Britain and the United States. The images had already been reviewed by doctors in real life but unlike in a clinical setting, the machine had no patient history to inform its diagnoses. The team found that their AI model could predict breast cancer from the scans with a similar accuracy level to expert radiographers, who are trained to take X-rays. Further, the AI showed a reduction in the percentage of cases where cancer was incorrectly identified—5.7 percent in the US and 1.2 percent in Britain, respectively. It also reduced the percentage of missed diagnoses by 9.4 percent among US patients and by 2.7 percent in Britain. “The earlier you identify a breast cancer, the better it is for the patient.” Dominic King, UK leading scientist at Google Health, told AFP. “We think about this technology in a way that supports and enables an expert, or a patient ultimately, to get the best outcome from whatever diagnostics(诊断法) they’ve had.” 12. What do we learn about breast cancer? A It has become the top killer of all cancers. B. It is typical for two doctors to analyze the scans together. C. The program has succeeded in the fight against breast cancer. D. Its seriousness is strongly connected with the time of its diagnosis. 13. Which of the following is NOT an advantage of the artificial intelligence model? A. A lower percentage of missed diagnoses. B. A smaller percentage of mistakenly identified cases. C. No errors in mammograms being returned in a false result. D. No requirement for patient history to inform its diagnoses. 14. What can be inferred from Dominic King’s words? A. The AI model has no delay in the detection of breast cancer. B. The AI model can be of great help in diagnosing breast cancer. C. The technology will equip patients with more expert knowledge. D. Breast cancers can be definitely cured if identified early enough. 15. Which is the main idea of the text? A. A cure for breast cancer has been confirmed. B. A breakthrough in AI technology has been made. C. Researchers trained an AI model to help detect breast cancer. D. A computer program avoids errors in identifying breast cancer. 第二节 ((共5小题，每小题 2.5分，满分12.5分)) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Public speaking undoes the best of us. There is fear that, if you fail to prepare adequately, ____16____. Fumbles (笨嘴拙舌讲话) like these can cost you that desired promotion or a profitable new partnership. Its not always fair, but people are judged on their public-speaking skills. The good news, however, is that improvement is possible. Below are a few basic tips. Language is the major component a speaker needs to focus on. ____17____. Say “use” instead of “utilize”, and “detailed” instead of “granular”. Try not to refer to your growth plan as a “global recovery plan”. Language can perform its effectiveness by the speaker restating main points, providing a special message or encouraging audience to ask questions. ____18____. Good ones involve open palms, joined fingertips, or spread arms. While listening, audience have a tendency to position themselves into the situation created. ____19____. They could be enjoyable or defeated ones. For instance, tell your listeners about a time you got it wrong. Let them learn from your mistakes. ____20____. Adopting pictures, diagrams or catalogues (目录) can help make your presentation impressive. Include a brief clip from a well-known movie to entertain your audience and drive the point home. But bear in mind — don’t let them distract from you. A. It is expected to be simple B Enhance the entertainment part C. Visual elements are a huge help D. you could find yourself at a loss for words E. A speaker needs to offer common experiences to stimulate empathy (共情) F. Aside from it, non-verbal language is significant in making your speech sufficient G. your audience won’t forget the inappropriate remarks and your team’s reputation will be ruined 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 When faced with difficult situations in their lives, many people find them too ___21___ and give up, especially on their life dreams. But not for Gabriel Heredia. Gabriel is a 20-year-old Argentinian barber who was born without hands. ___22___ his physical disability, he was able to grow up happily and independently. He also always had the support of friends and family, never feeling ___23___ treated at all by his schoolmates. At the age of 14, he ___24___ working as a barber, and learned all the techniques to perfect haircuts. Although he first saw it as a hobby, Gabricl quickly ___25___ that this was the profession he wanted to work in. His family ___26___ him to open his first barbershop, which he worked at for one and a half years. There, he ___27___ the president of Argentina Corta, an organization for barbers to connect, do charity work in less fortunate neighborhoods, and teach hairdressing to those who are ___28___. Gabriel is now part of Argentina Corta, offering his services to people of all ___29___ so they can build up the skills they need to get decent jobs. As a bright and caring young man, Gabriel ____30____ not only to be a barber, but also to make a connection with the neighborhood: “The thing that I like most of my ____31____ is that people feel comfortable and stylish with my cuts and that makes me ____32____.” Nowadays, Gabriel runs his own barber shop in Buenos Aires, where people ____33____ around the block for his services. Gabriel’s ____34____ shows that the barriers we face in life are never impossible to deal with successfully. Whatever problem you face, you can ____35____ tackle it by adopting the right mindset, and never giving up. 21. A. dangerous B. cruel C. large D. challenging 22. A. Except B. Besides C. Despite D. Through 23. A. equally B. fairly C. differently D. kindly 24. A. started B. continued C. stopped D. imagined 25. A. promised B. hoped C. determined D. predicted 26. A. advised B. forced C. inspired D. helped 27. A. introduced B. met C. found D. influenced 28. A. lucky B. puzzled C. interested D. intelligent 29. A. levels B. abilities C. types D. ages 30. A. fails B. struggles C. happens D. refuses 31. A. future B. shop C. dream D. job 32. A. special B. generous C. confident D. happy 33. A. turn up B. line up C. end up D. pack up 34. A. story B. lesson C. decision D. choice 35. A. almost B. usually C. hardly D. never 第二节 (共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Scientists at the University of Liverpool (UL) have developed a robot that can run experiments on its own. It’s not new for labs to use robots. But earlier robots usually stayed in one place and ____36____ (do) one job over and over again. The UL robot is different. It’s able to ____37____ (easy) move around in the same kind of space as humans do. It uses a special system called LIDAR to guide ____38____ (it). With one long arm which can turn in almost any direction, the robot can use several different kinds of lab equipment and carry out ____39____ variety of tasks. The scientists says it took a lot of work ____40____ (program) the robot so that it could do things without ____41____ (make) mistakes. Once the programming is done, though, the robot makes ____42____ (few) mistakes than a human. To test their robot, the scientists gave it a task: find a material ____43____ was able to produce hydrogen (氢) from water. The robot was programmed to understand the basic methods for the experiment, but it ____44____ (give) 10 different things it could change which could influence the results. That meant that the robot could choose from around 98 million different mini-experiments. Over the next 8 days, the robot ran 688 experiments, always choosing its next experiment based ____45____ the results of the last one. 第Ⅱ卷(非选择题) 第四部分：基础知识(共一节，满分10分) 单词拼写：根据相应提示，用正确的单词形式填空，完成下列句子(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 46. We need to ______ (道歉) for the delay to your flight today. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 47. They were bitterly ______ (失望的) at the result of the game. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 48. The ______ (大多数) of people around here are music lovers and gather every week. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 49. The meaning of the new word can be ________(推断) from the context.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 50. She is ______(有决心的) to carry on with her education. (根据汉语提示拼写单词) 51. A journalist should be completely ______ (客观的) and not express any personal ideas or emotions. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 52. She got closer to me and ______ (耳语) something in my ear. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 53. We can take part in a wide ________(一系列) of activities after school. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 54. It had been a success far ______ (超过) their expectations. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 55. We have to set a time ______(限制) for the work and waste no time. (根据汉语提示拼写单词) 第五部分 写作(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (满分10分) 56. 中国女药学家屠呦呦在2015年获得了诺贝尔生理学或医学奖，是中国人的骄傲。请根据以下提示以The great Person I Admire为题目介绍屠呦呦的故事。 1). 屠呦呦，女，药学家。1930年12月30日生于浙江宁波。1951年考入北京大学。毕业后，她投入到治疗疟疾的研究中。 2). 她非常地尽职尽责，耐心谦虚。经过各种艰辛的努力，因为发现了青蒿素在2015年获得了诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。 3). 你对屠呦呦的评价。 要求：包括以上提示内容，可适当添加细节，词数120左右。 参考词汇：药学家pharmacologist;疟疾malaria;青蒿素artemisinin;诺贝尔生理学或医学奖Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine The great Person I Admire ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (二)读后续写(20分) 57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The Secret of Flowers Sumiko worked with her mother in their vegetable garden every day. The produce from their garden was sold at the farmer’s market. This is how they made their living. Sumiko’s job was to make sure the daikon radish (白萝卜) plants were never too dry. Each day Sumiko would push her finger into the soil to test for moisture (水分), and then carefully water any plant that needed it. Sumiko often imagined the plants she tended were beautiful chrysanthemums (菊花), like Mrs. Higaki’s prize flowers. Sumiko envied (羡慕) Mrs. Higaki. If she could sell flowers like Mrs. Higaki, she would be able to buy things for her mother. But chrysanthemums were expensive to start, and Sumiko could only dream about growing them. One day, Sumiko visited Mrs. Higaki to see her flowers. Mrs. Higaki was checking her chrysanthemums when she arrived. The garden of flowers springing up excited Sumiko. “I wish I could grow beautiful chrysanthemums and win a prize at the festival like you.” “You?” Mrs. Higaki laughed. “Child, do you know what’s required to grow such flowers? The secret to growing prize chrysanthemums has been passed down to me from past generations of my family. And you?” She chuckled (轻声笑). “Stick to vegetables, child. Leave flowers to those who know the secret of flowers.” Mrs. Higaki returned to her gardening, ignoring the sad look on Sumiko’s face. Then she pulled up what looked like a weed (杂草). “What’s that?” Sumiko asked. “A shabby (破烂的) plant. Unworthy of my time — too weak to trouble,” Mrs. Higaki said before throwing the shabby plant into the field beside the garden. Sumiko smiled. She had an idea. She politely said goodbye to Mrs. Higaki and went out the garden gate, quickly picking up the shabby plant before rushing home. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Sumiko found a quiet place and planted the shabby plant carefully. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ On festival morning, Sumiko jumped with joy upon seeing her little plant flowering. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力试题 第一部分 听力理解(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What is the man’s favorite sport? A．Golf. B．Football. C．Basketball. 2．What does the woman want to learn? A．Russian. B．English. C．Spanish. 3．What does the woman want to do? A．Finish her homework. B．Read the man’s paper. C．Help the man with his paper. 4．How many people are there in the woman’s family? A．4. B．5. C．6. 5．What did Bob do last week? A．He took the driver’s test. B．He got the driving license. C．He fell down during the driver’s test. 第二节 (共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6．How long has the man been in London? A．Nine days. B．Nine months. C．One year. 7．Who will the man talk with this evening? A．The woman. B．His boss. C．Tom. 听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。 8．What does the teacher ask his students to call him? A．Mr. Black. B．James. C．Jim. 9．What does the man think about studying chemistry? A．It’s important to watch carefully. B．It’s interesting to study chemistry C．It’s good to have a nice chemistry teacher. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10．Where does Mary come from? A．London. B．Manchester. C．A small town. 11．How did Mary go to work in London? A．By bus. B．On foot. C．By subway. 12．What does the man think of going by bus? A．Cheap and interesting. B．Cheap but boring. C．Interesting but expensive. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13．What season is it most likely now? A．Spring. B．Summer. C．Autumn. 14．Why did Helen come here? A．To visit John. B．To teach skating. C．To attend a wedding. 15．Where does John work now? A．At Bank of America. B．At the radio station. C．At the TV station. 16．What’s the relationship between the speakers? A．Friends. B．Strangers. C．Schoolmates. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．When will the event be held? A．From January 12th to February 12th. B．From January 12th to February 10th. C．From January 10th to February 12th. 18．How much is the entrance fee for a couple with a child of 8? A．$10. B．$20. C．$30. 19．Which event will be held in the center of the site? A．An ice sculpture exhibition. B．A fancy dress exhibition. C．A flower show 20．What does the speaker talk about? A．A detailed plan. B．A well-known competition. C．An unforgettable experience. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$