阅读理解专题5 常考点学案-2025届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项

高中英语阅读理解专题5 阅读理解常考点意识培养 课堂学习任务 ①理解具体描写性句子和概括描写性句子； ②掌握主旨大意题分类及突破方法； ③快速通过首尾获取文章涉及的对象和事件； ④掌握主旨大意题特殊情况 1. 篇首、篇尾、段首、段尾处常考 1. (首段) As more and more people speak the global languages of English, Chinese, Spanish, and Arabic, other languages are rapidly disappearing. In fact, half of the 6,000-7,000 languages spoken around the world today will likely die out by the next century, according to the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). ☞ Many scholars are making efforts to _____. A. promote global languages B. rescue the disappearing languages C. search for language communities D. set up languages research organizations. 2. (首段) Your house may have an effect on your figure. Experts say the way you design your home could play a role in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off. You can make your environment work for you instead of against you. Here are some ways to turn your home into part of your diet plan. 25.The text is especially helpful for those who care about ____. A. their home comforts B. their body shape C. house buying D. healthy diets 28.What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Is Your House Making You Fat? B. Ways of Serving Dinner C. Effects of Self-Consciousness D. Is Your Home Environment Relaxing? 3. (尾段) The study shows mothers matter all year long and not just on Mother’s Day. The emotional, physical and mental energy mothers devote to their children can be never-ending, but children are also sources of great joy and happiness. Investing（投入）in time for parenting and raising relationships is money well spent. 40. What is stressed in the last paragraph? A. Mothers’ importance shows in family all year long. B. The sacrifices mothers make are huge but worthwhile. C. Mothers’ devotion to children can hardly be calculated. D. Investing time in parenting would bring a financial return. 2. 观点态度处常考 4. The freezing Northeast hasn’t been a terribly fun place to spend time this winter, so when the chance came for a weekend to Sarasota, Florida, my bags were packed before you could say “sunshine”. I left for the land of warmth and vitamin C (维生素C), thinking of beaches and orange trees. When we touched down to blue skies and warm air, I sent up a small prayer of gratefulness. Swimming pools, wine tasting, and pink sunsets (at normal evening hours, not 4 in the afternoon) filled the weekend, but the best part — particularly to my taste, dulled by months of cold-weather root vegetables — was a 7 a.m. adventure to the Sarasota farmers’ market that proved to be more than worth the early wake-up call. 24. What did the author think of her winter life in New York? A. Exciting. B. Boring. C. Relaxing. D. Annoying. 5. But when asked which authors they actually enjoy, people named J．K. Rowling, John Grisham, Sophie Kinsella (the big sellers, in other words). Forty-two percent of people asked admitted they turned to the back of the book to read the end before finishing the story (I'll come clean: I do this and am astonished that 58 percent said they had never done so)． ☞What is the author's attitude to 58% of readers? A. Favorable. B. Uncaring. C. Doubtful. D. Friendly. 3. 转折处常考 6. Women are friendly. But men are more competitive, why? Researchers have found it’s all down to the hormone oxytocin (荷尔蒙催生素). Although known as the love hormone, it affects the sexes differently. 47. What causes men and women to behave differently according to the text? A. Placebo. B. Oxytocin. C. The gesture. D. The social status. 7. In 1897, the state of Michigan passed a law prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons, but by then, no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10 years. The last confirmed wild pigeon in the United States was shot by a boy in Pike County, Ohio, in 1900. For a time, a few birds survived under human care. The last of them, known affectionately as Martha, died at the Cincinnati Zoological Garden in September 1, 1914. ☞ What can we infer about the law passed in Michigan? A. It was ignored by the public. B. It was declared too late. C. It was unfair. D. It was strict. 4. 对比、比较、类比处常考 8. Mothers have long known that their home worked was just heavy as paid work. Now, the new study has shown that if they were paid for their parental labours, they would earn as much as￡172,000 a year. The study looked at the range of jobs mothers do, as well as the hours they are working, to determine the figure. This would make their yearly income ￡30000 more than the Prime Minister earns. 38. How much would a mother earn a year if working as the Prime Minister? A.￡30,000. B.￡142,000. C.￡172,000. D.￡202,000. 5. 引用、引言、举例处常考 9. That is a record 14.7% increase in the number of students taking a gap year. Tony Higgins from UCAS said that the statistics are good news for everyone in higher education. “Students who take a well-planned year out are more likely to be satisfied with, and complete, their chosen course. Students who take a gap year are often more mature and responsible,” he said. 30. According to Tony Higgins students taking a gap year ____. A. are better prepared for college studies B. know a lot more about their future job C. are more likely to leave university in debt D. have a better chance to enter top universities 10. “Stress affects how people learn,” says Professor Mara Mather. “People learn better about positive than negative outcomes under stress.” For example, two recent studies looked at how people learned to connect images (影像) with either rewards or punishments. In one experiment, some of the participants were first stressed by having to give a speech and do difficult math problems in front of an audience; in the other, some were stressed by having to keep their hands in ice water. In both cases, the stressed participants remembered the rewarded material more accurately and the punished material less accurately than those who hadn't gone through the stress. ☞We can learn from the passage that people under pressure tend to________. A. keep rewards better in their memory B. recall consequences more effortlessly C. make risky decisions more frequently D. learn a subject more effectively 11. But not everyone is happy Owainames, the president of the National Union of Students (NUS), argu ed that the increase is evidence of student hardship – young people are being forced into earning money before finishing their education. “New students are now aware that they are likely to leave university up to￡15,000 in debt. It is not surprising that more and more students are taking a gap year to earn money to support their study for the degree. NUS statistics show that over 40% of students are forced to work during term time and the figure increases to 90% during vacating periods,” he said. 31. How does Owain James feel about the gap-year phenomenon? A. He’s puzzled B. He’s worried C. He’s surprised D. He’s annoyed 12. It is widely known that any English conversation begins with The Weather. Such a fixation with the weather finds expression in Dr. Johnson's famous comment that “When two English meet, their first talk is of weather.” Though Johnson's observation is as accurate now as it was over two hundred years ago, most commentators fail to come up with a convincing explanation for this English weather speak. ☞The author mentions Dr. Johnson's comment to show that ________. A. most commentators agree with Dr. Johnson B. Dr. Johnson is famous for his weather observation C. the comment was accurate two hundred years ago D. English conversations usually start with the weather 6. 指代处常考 13. My color television has given me nothing but a headache. I was able to buy it a little over a year ago because I had my relatives give me money for my birthday instead of clothes that wouldn’t fit. I let a salesclerk fool me into buying a discontinued model. I realized this a day later, when I saw newspaper advertisements for the set at seventy-five dollars less than I had paid. The set worked so beautiful when I first got it home that I would keep it on until stations signed off for the night. Fortunately, I didn’t get any channels showing all-night movies or I would never have gotten to bed. 21. Why did the author say he was fooled into buying the TV set? A. He got an older model than he had expected. B. He couldn’t return it when it was broken. C. He could have bought it at a lower price. D. He failed to find any movie shows on it. 14. “My friends said: ‘Now we believe your stories,’” Welty added. “And I said: ‘Now you know. These are the people that make me write them.’” 6. The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 6 refers to Welty’s. A. readers B. parties C. friends D. stories 15. One of the greatest gifts one generation can give to other generations is the wisdom it has gained from experience. This idea has inspired the award winning photographer Andrew Zuckerman. He interviewed and took photos of fifty over-sixty-five-year-olds all over the world. His project explores various aspects of their lives. The photos and interviews are now available on our website. ◈ Why did Andrew Zuckerman choose the fifty elders for his project? A. Because their wisdom deserves to be passed on. B. Because they are physically impressive. C. Because their accomplishments inspired him. D. Because they have similar experiences. 7. 特殊逻辑关系处常考 16. With around 100 students scheduled to be in that 9 am Monday morning lecture, it is no surprise that almost 20 people actually make it to the class and only 10 of them are still awake after the first 15 minutes; it is not even a surprise that most of them are still in their pajamas (睡衣). Obviously, students are terrible at adjusting their sleep cycles to their daily schedule. 43. What does the author stress in Paragraph 1? A. Many students are absent from class. B. Students are very tired on Monday mornings. C. Students do not adjust their sleep patterns well. D. Students are not well prepared for class on Mondays. 17. But what began as nothing important in public affairs has grown into a social movement. Business people, political leaders, university professors, and especially millions of grass-roots Americans are taking part in the movement. “The understanding has increased many, many times,” says Gaylord Nelson, the former governor from Wisconsin, who thought up the first Earth Day. 26. Where does the support for environmental protection mainly come from? A. The grass –roots level B. The business circle C. Government officials D. University professors 8. 特殊标点 18. How often do you find yourself in the same position as the lion? How often do you have something you want to achiever (e.g. lose weight, start a business, travel more) — only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you and never make progress? ◈ In what sense are people similar to a lion facing a chair? A. They feel puzzled over choices. B. They hold on to the wrong things. C. They find it hard to make changes. D. They have to do something for show. 19. It doesn’t have to be that way. Anytime you find the world waving a chair in your face, remember this: All you need to do is focus on one thing. You just need to get started. Starting before you feel ready is one of the habits of successful people. If you have somewhere you want to go, something you want to accomplish, someone you want to become …. take immediate action. If you’re clear about where you want to go, the rest of the world will either help you get there or get out the way. ◈ When the world is “waving a chair in your face”, you’re advised to_____. A. wait for a better chance B. break your old habits C. make a quick decision D. ask for clear guidance 答案： 1. B； 2. B,A； 3. B； 4. B； 5. C； 6. B； 7. B； 8. B； 9. A； 10. A； 11. B； 12. D； 13. C； 14. D； 15. A； 16. C； 17. A； 18. A； 19. C； 阅读理解专题主旨大意 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$