精品解析：湖南省名校联合体2024-2025学年高三上学期开学摸底英语试题

名校联合体2025届高三年级入学摸底考试 英语 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例： How much is the shirt? A. £19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15. 答案是C。 1. Where is the man from? A. Russia. B. France. C. Australia. 2 What do we know about Mike? A. He will not go to the meeting. B. He is preparing for the meeting. C. He will be invited to the meeting. 3. Where are the two speakers? A. In South Street. B. In West Street. C. At the railway station. 4. How does the woman feel? A. Unhappy B. Unlucky. C. Uncomfortable. 5. Who is Sue? A. The man’s wife. B. The man’s sister. C. The man’s daughter. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What news has the man got? A. His business is good. B. His article is published. C. He is reported in the paper. 7. What does the woman offer to do for the man? A. Make him famous. B. Get the paper for him. C. Help him with his business 听第7段材料， 回答第8至10题。 8. What is the woman doing? A. Interviewing the man. B. Having a discussion with the man. C. Celebrating Christmas with the man. 9. What does the man do at Christmas? A. Give a gift to someone secretly. B. Go to someone’s house to get a gift. C. Knock at someone’s door and then hide. 10. Where can the Christmas gift be found? A. In the car. B. At the door. C. Inside the house. 听第8段材料， 回答第11至13题。 11. What does the woman want the boy to do first? A. Play outside. B. Finish his homework. C. Do some cleaning. 12. Which is one of the things the boy will do? A Pulling weeds. B. Wiping the walls. C. Cleaning the bathroom. 13. Where will the woman be while the boy does his work? A. In the yard. B. In the bedroom. C. In the living room. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What are the two speakers doing? A. Going to a party B. Preparing for a party. C. Talking about giving a party. 15. Why does the man have to give a party? A. He has to thank his teachers. B. He has bought a new house. C. He has to please the woman. 16. What does the woman think of the time for the party? A. It’s too late. B. It’s too soon. C. It’s still early. 17. What does the woman really mean at the end of the conversation? A. She regrets having bought a small house. B. She has to find a bigger house for the party. C. The man shouldn’t have invited so many people. 听第10段材料， 回答第18至20题。 18. How long is it since Walnut Hill School was set up? A. More than 10 years. B. More than 50 years. C. More than 100 years. 19. Whom is Walnut Hill School open to? A. Students from all over the world. B. College students in the United States. C Famous art is from all over the world. 20. What does the speaker mean by speaking of Mark Twain? A. Artists at Walnut Hill work very hard B. Mark Twain is a good example for artists. C. You can make great progress at Walnut Hill. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A A Selection of Museums and Attractions in Washington DC The Tidal Basin The basin, part of the West Potomac Park, is surrounded by a path that’s perfect for walking, running or cycling. The memorials to Thomas Jefferson and Martin Luther King Junior are two highlights surrounding the lake. It is the location most associated with Washington’s Cherry Blossom (樱花) Festival that takes place each spring. National Museum of African American History and Culture The museum opened in late 2016 after more than a decade of planning. It is dedicated to African American history and culture and is organized like a vertical timeline, starting with the Atlantic slave trade on the 1400s and moving up to the 21st century. Higher up are exhibitions on African American music, theatre and art. It’s a powerful experience and also very popular: you’ll have to apply for a timed ticket to enter. The Newseum Further along Pennsylvania Avenue is the Newseum, loved for the 800 newspaper front pages from around the world that are hung outside every morning. Inside, there are moving exhibits showing how important historical events have been reported, such as the September 11 attacks. Alongside newspaper pages from the day after the attacks, there’s a video exhibit highlighting the work of journalists reporting on the Twin Towers falling. A must if you’re interested in journalism. National Gallery of Art The art gallery is an impressive space: two buildings linked underground, and a sculpture garden next door. Inside the light-filed East Building there’s modern art, including a roomful of Jackson Pollock’s murals (壁), Andy Warhol’s Green Marilyn and Roy Lichtenstein’s Look Mickey. The classical West Building tends to house older artwork: the European impressionists and Italian Renaissance art (from artists including Da Vinci and Raphael) are two highlights. 1. Which of the following requires reserving a ticket in advance? A. The Newseum. B. The Tidal Basin. C. National Gallery of Art. D. National Museum of African American History and Culture. 2. What can visitors do at the Newseum? A. Learn about the stories about news. B. Learn how to report important events. C. Talk with journalists about the 9/11 attacks. D. Read 800 recently published newspapers. 3. Why is Green Marilyn exhibited in the East Building? A. It’s a painting of modern art. B. It is a painting of traditional art. C. It is a painting by a famous artist. D. It is a priceless painting of the gallery. B Bike-share systems hold the potential to reduce traffic and pollution in big cities. While they have received considerable attention, their promise of urban transformation is far from being fully realized. New research in the journal Management Science found a key reason is that while companies have focused on bike design and technology aspects, there has been minimal research done on operational aspects such as station density (密度) and bike-availability levels. “Almost 80%of bike-share usage comes from areas within 1,000 feet of the bike-share stations, or roughly four city blocks,” said Elena Belavina, one of the study authors. “Anything past 1,000 feet, potential users are almost 60% less likely to use a station.” The study, “Bike-Share Systems: Accessibility and Availability”, analyzes the relationship between ridership and operational performance in bike-share design systems to achieve higher ridership. Using data from the Velib’ system in Paris, with roughly 17,000 bikes and 950 stations, the study estimates the impacts of two aspects of the system performance on bike-share ridership: accessibility, or how far the user must walk to reach stations, and bike availability. There are two impacts of availability: First, a short-term impact is that if nearby stations do not have bicycles when a user wants to take a trip, users must go to stations farther away or abandon using bike-share. Second, if users typically expect a lower chance of finding a bicycle, they are less likely to even consider bike share for their trips and the system will have lower ridership in the long term. “Most users choose to abandon using bike-share.” said Belavina. “But overall, we find that a 10%increase in bike availability would increase ridership by more than 12%.” Between increasing bike-availability and decreasing walking distance, the study finds that the latter has a higher impact. Bike-share operators with limited resources must prioritize building more stations close to riders. Where should those stations go? The authors recommend locations where there are many points of interest and locations with lower bike availability. 4. What can be done to make bike-share systems play a bigger role in urban transformations? A. Reducing traffic and pollution. B. Making stations more advanced. C. Putting more thought into operations. D. Making improvements in bike design. 5. What does the underlined word “availability” in paragraph 6 refer to? A. The number of nearby stations. B. The necessity of going for bike sharing. C. The likelihood of finding a bike at a station. D. The walking distance between the stations 6. According to the study what is the most important thing to do to achieve higher ridership? A. Shortening the bike trips. B. Reducing the walking distance. C. Increasing the number of bikes. D. Attracting riders to points of interest. 7. What does the text focus on? A. How to use the bike-share systems. B. How to make full use of bike-share. C. How to raise the awareness of bike-share. D. How to estimate the impacts of bike-share. C In some parts of the world people are likely to plan for the future, while in others people are more likely to live in the moment. In some societies people prefer more personal space; in others they are comfortable being in close quarters in public. There are a number of theories about where cultural differences between societies come from. In a growing number of cases, researchers have found that human culture an be shaped by key features of the environments in which people live. Ecology includes basic physical and social characteristics of the environment—such factors as how rich a place is in resources, how common infectious (传染性的) diseases are, how heavily populated a place is, and how much threat there is to human safety. Variables like temperature and the availability of water can be key ecological features. For over 200 societies, our lab at Arizona State University gathered comprehensive data on nine key features of ecology— such as rainfall, temperature, infectious disease and natural resources —and dozens of aspects of human cultural variation— including values, strength of social norms (社会规范), personality, motivation and institutional characteristics. With this information, we created the EcoCultural Dataset. Using this dataset, we were able to generate a range of estimates for just how much of human cultural variation can explained by ecology. We ran a series of statistical models looking at the relationship between our ecological variables and each of the 66 cultural outcomes we tracked. For each of the cultural outcomes, we calculated the average amount of the cultural diversity across societies that was explained by this combination of nine different ecological factors. We found that nearly 20% of cultural variation was explained by the combination of these ecological features. Importantly, our statistical estimates take into account common issues in cross-cultural research. There will likely be unmeasured similarities between societies with shared historical roots and traditions. Ecology isn’t the only reason people around the world think and behave differently. But our work suggests that, at least in part, our environments shape our cultures. 8. Which best explains why people are comfortable being in close quarters in public? A. They are friendly to each other. B. They like staying in public places. C. They enjoy spending time with others. D. They live in a place with cold temperatures. 9. What do we know about the EcoCultural Dataset? A. It’s a combination of humans and nature. B. It’s a combination of ecology and culture. C. It’s a comparison between theory and practice. D. It’s a comparison between ecology and culture. 10. What did the author's lab want to find out? A. Where cultural differences come from. B. Whether ecological features affect culture. C. How strong the ecology-culture connection is. D. Why cultural differences between societies exist. 11. What is the conclusion of the author’s study? A. Shared traditions lead to cultural similarities. B. There are cultural differences between societies. C. Cultures are shaped by the environments people live in. D. Cultural differences partly come from ecological factors. D How often is your mind quiet? If you’re a typical human being, the answer is probably very rarely. For most of our days, our attention is focused on external things—the tasks of our jobs, TV programs, or social media interactions. In the moments when our attention isn’t focused externally, it’s usually focused on what is called “thought-chatter”—a stream of mental associations consisting of expectations of the future, memories, daydreams, and so on. But from time to time, we all experience moments when our thought-chatter quiets down, or even disappears altogether. In these moments, we experience a sense of great well-being. We feel a sense of inner harmony. We feel as if we’re free of problems, and feel satisfied with our lives as they are. There are many activities that have the effect of quieting our minds, and so produce a state of well-being. For example, think about what happens when you go walking in the countryside. You might feel stressed when you start out, but slowly, after a couple of miles, your mind begins to settle down. The beauty and stillness of nature attracts your attention and you’re no longer in your thought-chatter. By the end of the walk you feel almost like a different person. You feel more alive, and much happier—largely because your mind is now quiet. This is why people love to look at beautiful works of art. When people see the paintings of Monet or van Gogh, they experience a mind-stopping moment, in which they’re taken out of their thinking minds and experience a sense of great well-being. The strange thing is, though, that most of the time this happens unconsciously (不知不觉地). We usually don’t associate this well-being with a quiet mind. And we usually don’t think of a quiet mind as the aim or result of these activities. Our estimate of how enjoyable an activity is may depend on its mind-stopping capacity. In other words, the very best performances—and the most rewarding activities—are those which are so attractive and intense that they can completely stop our minds. I’m not saying that inner quietness is the only reason why we enjoy these activities. Nevertheless, we should certainly become more aware of the association of a quiet mind with well-being. And at the same time we should be aware that it’s possible for us to consciously and directly create a quiet mind; rather than as a byproduct of certain activities. And in the end we might develop a permanent quiet mind and attain a state of ongoing contentment and harmony. 12. What can be inferred about thought-chatter? A. It requires a lot of practice. B. It might be unpleasant at times. C. It might be a talk with a friend. D. It helps reach a state of silence. 13. What are the examples of activities mentioned in the text mainly about? A. What activities lead to well-being. B. What can be done to reduce stress. C. How we can make our minds quiet. D. How mental quietness leads to well-being. 14. How can we determine how much pleasure an activity can give us? A. By judging how much stress it can increase. B. By judging whether it takes place unconsciously. C. By judging to what extent it can quiet our minds. D. By judging whether it associates with well-being. 15. What does the author intend to highlight in the last paragraph? A. Creating a quiet mind for all time. B. Living a peaceful life permanently. C. Being in harmony with inner quietness. D. Participating in activities for inner quietness. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Ten years ago, not many families in the United States would consider homeschooling a serious option for their children. There were negative feelings about homeschooling, especially among school educators, who considered it crazy or irresponsible. But things have changed now. ____16____ As homeschooling becomes more widely practiced, school communities are becoming far more accepting and recognize that it can meet real needs. ____17____ Homeschooling provides community life that is valuable to children. Participating in community life, homeschooled children relate socially with a wide variety of people. ____18____ Without social pressure from age-separated classrooms, kid feel more comfortable forming friendships. ____19____ We often hear parents and kids talk about how relieved they feel from being freed of traditional schooling and nightly homework. With independent learning, they have more time to talk and listen; more time to spend in libraries, museums, and concert halls; or to hike, ride bikes, read, or think. These changes are what happens when family life is driven by the needs of families, rather than the needs of institutions. Homeschooling also creates better learning environments for children who have been wrongly considered as having all sorts of imaginary “learning problems” in public and private schools. The educators want the children to be fixed so that they will fit; the parents correctly sense that their children are fine and only need something different: more space, freedom to move, a safe environment, or respectful treatment from others. ____20____ A. Homeschooling helps children lo broaden their knowledge. B. In homeschooling families, life is likely to be less stressful. C Some people choose homeschooling for socialization benefits. D. Homeschooling success stories are often reported in the media. E. People can see how easy it is to get along with homeschooled kids. F. For these families, homeschooling helps a child build a life that works. G. The combination of two kinds of schooling has a great effect on a child. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My passion has always been caring for animals. That’s why I ____21____ at Bidcawee. Bideawee is a shelter (收容所) for cats and dogs, where all the animals are equally ____22____. Whether the cat or the dog stays for a day or years, each one has a special place in my heart. Most of the shelter dogs are so gentle and friendly that they cause me to wonder why no one has taken them ____23____ yet. The others need a bit of ____24____ and love to warm up, but once they ____25____ you, you fall in love with them. One of my favorites is a dog called Lola. She always bark at strangers. However, once she sees you often and gets ____26____ around you, she greets you with her tail wagging (摇摆), side to side. A common characteristic with all of the dogs, though, is that they can adapt to changes and ____27____ the life at the shelter. And that’s what I find so amazing about them. Timmy is a 7-year-old dog that was ____28____ after around six years with his owner. Nevertheless, he doesn’t just stay there, thinking about the past and ____29____ bis person to come back. Instead, he focuses on the _____30_____ and is friendly with everyone. A two-year-old dog called Noob lost leg in a car accident. However, he plays with other four-legged dogs _____31_____, as if the injury didn’t bother him. Bidcawee constantly _____32_____ their volunteers, but to me, they have done more for me than I could ever give to them. I truly enjoy every moment I _____33_____ at this animal shelter, which gives me a _____34_____ to be with all these lovely dogs and cats. It is definitely one of my most rewarding _____35_____. 21. A. learn B. volunteer C. live D. observe 22. A. loved B. tested C. shown D. introduced 23. A. there B. out C. home D. forward 24. A. assistance B. time C. effort D. support 25. A. approach B. contact C. discover D. recognize 26. A. curious B. comfortable C. active D. confident 27. A. get used to B. get ready for C. are familiar with D. are tired of 28. A. injured B. raised C. abandoned D. adopted 29. A. directing B. reminding C. requiring D. expecting 30. A. present B. future C. changes D. memories 31 A. quietly B. separately C. differently D. normally 32. A. helps B. meets C. invites D. thanks 33. A. spare B. choose C. spend D. remember 34. A. dream B. chance C. job D. duty 35. A. experiences B. achievements C. strategies D. improvements 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A group of children in Zimbabwe, a country in southeast Africa, are closely following a series of martial arts (武术) movements ____36____ (perform) in a slow and focused manner accompanied by deep breathing, ____37____ their eyes fixed on their Chinese tai chi master. Actually, ____38____ group of tai chi enthusiasts are enjoying the power of concentration under the guidance of their instructor, 45-yeat-old Zhu Wei, ____39____ is the captain of the Chinese medical team in Zimbabwe. “Tai chi increases focus and makes students, from school children to college students, ____40____ (concentrate) on studies.” he says. Tai chi is a mind-body exercise rooted in multiple Chinese traditions, including martial arts, ____41____ (tradition) Chinese medicine and philosophy. It emphasizes a mind-body connection ____42____ (use) gentle movements, meditation (冥想)and deep breathing. Martial arts ____43____ (recognize) as a fitness practice, with a wide range of health benefits. Zhu says tai chi provides mental health benefits like improved focus, as well as decreased stress, anxiety and depression. In addition, it can improve a ____44____ (child) confidence and physical strength. Organizer of the children’s events Abraham Matuka says keeping youngsters busy and entertained with activities like tai chi _____45_____ (help) meet challenges of drug and other teenager crimes in low-income townships. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校一年一度的艺术节即将来临。你们班为艺术节准备了一个英语短剧。请给外教Miss Ellis写一封邮件，内容包括： 1.介绍你校的艺术节： 2.你班的准备： 3.请求指导。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Miss Ellis, I’m writing to ask for your help. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料， 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段， 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Lisa Sweeney is a 32-year-old mail carrier in Staten Island, New York. Four months ago, she noticed that something wasn’t right at one of the homes on her route. It was her quick action that made all the difference. One afternoon in August, an old woman named Marie Boyer, who lived alone, fell at the foot of the stairs in her home. She was just lying unconscious(昏迷的)on the floor. The next afternoon, her regular mail carrier, Lisa Sweeney, passed by and noticed something unusual. Though she and Marie hadn’t had much conversation over the years, Lisa knew her habits. She was surprised not to see Marie working in her garden, because she usually spent most afternoons there when the weather was fine. I just had a feeling in my heart that Marie was inside. “Lisa recalls. She went straight round to the back of the house, thinking that the old woman might be in the kitchen, but she didn’t find anybody there. Puzzled, Lisa returned to the front of the house and knocked bard on the door. There was no answer. She thought that this was very strange, so she knocked on a neighbor’s door, but he’d been away on vacation and arrived home just a short time before so he didn’t know anything. Just then Lisa noted that Mane’s bottle of milk, which was delivered early in the morning, was still on the doorstep. It was a clear warning sign. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右： 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “I must get in to see what’s happened.” Lisa said to herself. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Lisa’s quick action not only saved a life but also started a friendship. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 名校联合体2025届高三年级入学摸底考试 英语 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例： How much is the shirt? A £19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15. 答案是C。 1. Where is the man from? A. Russia. B. France. C. Australia. 2. What do we know about Mike? A. He will not go to the meeting. B. He is preparing for the meeting. C. He will be invited to the meeting. 3. Where are the two speakers? A. In South Street. B. In West Street. C. At the railway station. 4. How does the woman feel? A. Unhappy B. Unlucky. C. Uncomfortable. 5. Who is Sue? A. The man’s wife. B. The man’s sister. C. The man’s daughter. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What news has the man got? A. His business is good. B. His article is published. C. He is reported in the paper. 7. What does the woman offer to do for the man? A. Make him famous. B. Get the paper for him. C. Help him with his business 听第7段材料， 回答第8至10题。 8. What is the woman doing? A. Interviewing the man. B. Having a discussion with the man. C. Celebrating Christmas with the man. 9. What does the man do at Christmas? A. Give a gift to someone secretly. B. Go to someone’s house to get a gift. C. Knock at someone’s door and then hide. 10. Where can the Christmas gift be found? A. In the car. B. At the door. C. Inside the house. 听第8段材料， 回答第11至13题。 11. What does the woman want the boy to do first? A. Play outside. B. Finish his homework. C. Do some cleaning. 12. Which is one of the things the boy will do? A Pulling weeds. B. Wiping the walls. C. Cleaning the bathroom. 13. Where will the woman be while the boy does his work? A. In the yard. B. In the bedroom. C. In the living room. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What are the two speakers doing? A Going to a party B. Preparing for a party. C. Talking about giving a party. 15. Why does the man have to give a party? A. He has to thank his teachers. B. He has bought a new house. C. He has to please the woman. 16. What does the woman think of the time for the party? A. It’s too late. B. It’s too soon. C. It’s still early. 17. What does the woman really mean at the end of the conversation? A. She regrets having bought a small house. B. She has to find a bigger house for the party. C. The man shouldn’t have invited so many people. 听第10段材料， 回答第18至20题。 18. How long is it since Walnut Hill School was set up? A. More than 10 years. B. More than 50 years. C. More than 100 years. 19. Whom is Walnut Hill School open to? A. Students from all over the world. B. College students in the United States. C. Famous art is from all over the world. 20 What does the speaker mean by speaking of Mark Twain? A. Artists at Walnut Hill work very hard B. Mark Twain is a good example for artists. C. You can make great progress at Walnut Hill. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A A Selection of Museums and Attractions in Washington DC The Tidal Basin The basin, part of the West Potomac Park, is surrounded by a path that’s perfect for walking, running or cycling. The memorials to Thomas Jefferson and Martin Luther King Junior are two highlights surrounding the lake. It is the location most associated with Washington’s Cherry Blossom (樱花) Festival that takes place each spring. National Museum of African American History and Culture The museum opened in late 2016 after more than a decade of planning. It is dedicated to African American history and culture and is organized like a vertical timeline, starting with the Atlantic slave trade on the 1400s and moving up to the 21st century. Higher up are exhibitions on African American music, theatre and art. It’s a powerful experience and also very popular: you’ll have to apply for a timed ticket to enter. The Newseum Further along Pennsylvania Avenue is the Newseum, loved for the 800 newspaper front pages from around the world that are hung outside every morning. Inside, there are moving exhibits showing how important historical events have been reported, such as the September 11 attacks. Alongside newspaper pages from the day after the attacks, there’s a video exhibit highlighting the work of journalists reporting on the Twin Towers falling. A must if you’re interested in journalism. National Gallery of Art The art gallery is an impressive space: two buildings, linked underground, and a sculpture garden next door. Inside the light-filed East Building there’s modern art, including a roomful of Jackson Pollock’s murals (壁), Andy Warhol’s Green Marilyn and Roy Lichtenstein’s Look Mickey. The classical West Building tends to house older artwork: the European impressionists and Italian Renaissance art (from artists including Da Vinci and Raphael) are two highlights. 1. Which of the following requires reserving a ticket in advance? A. The Newseum. B. The Tidal Basin. C. National Gallery of Art. D. National Museum of African American History and Culture. 2. What can visitors do at the Newseum? A. Learn about the stories about news. B. Learn how to report important events. C. Talk with journalists about the 9/11 attacks. D. Read 800 recently published newspapers. 3. Why is Green Marilyn exhibited in the East Building? A. It’s a painting of modern art. B. It is a painting of traditional art. C. It is a painting by a famous artist. D. It is a priceless painting of the gallery. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了华盛顿DC的一些博物馆和景点，包括潮汐盆地、非洲美洲历史文化博物馆、新闻博物馆和国家艺术画廊等。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“It’s a powerful experience and also very popular: you’ll have to apply for a timed ticket to enter.”（这是一次强烈的体验，也非常受欢迎：你必须申请一个定时的票才能进入。）可知，需要提前预订票的是非洲美洲历史文化博物馆。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Inside, there are moving exhibits showing how important historical events have been reported, such as the September 11 attacks.”（里面有一些动人的展览，展示了重要的历史事件是如何被报道的，比如9月11日的袭击。）可知，新闻博物馆的参观者可以了解新闻的故事。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Inside the light-filed East Building there’s modern art, including a roomful of Jackson Pollock’s murals (壁), Andy Warhol’s Green Marilyn and Roy Lichtenstein’s Look Mickey.”（在光线充足的东楼里，有现代艺术，包括杰克逊·波洛克的一屋子壁画，安迪·沃霍尔的绿色玛丽莲和罗伊·利希滕斯坦的看米奇。）可知，绿色玛丽莲是现代艺术的一部分，所以在东楼展出。故选A。 B Bike-share systems hold the potential to reduce traffic and pollution in big cities. While they have received considerable attention, their promise of urban transformation is far from being fully realized. New research in the journal Management Science found a key reason is that while companies have focused on bike design and technology aspects, there has been minimal research done on operational aspects such as station density (密度) and bike-availability levels. “Almost 80%of bike-share usage comes from areas within 1,000 feet of the bike-share stations, or roughly four city blocks,” said Elena Belavina, one of the study authors. “Anything past 1,000 feet, potential users are almost 60% less likely to use a station.” The study, “Bike-Share Systems: Accessibility and Availability”, analyzes the relationship between ridership and operational performance in bike-share design systems to achieve higher ridership. Using data from the Velib’ system in Paris, with roughly 17,000 bikes and 950 stations, the study estimates the impacts of two aspects of the system performance on bike-share ridership: accessibility, or how far the user must walk to reach stations, and bike availability. There are two impacts of availability: First a short-term impact is that if nearby stations do not have bicycles when a user wants to take a trip, users must go to stations farther away or abandon using bike-share. Second, if users typically expect a lower chance of finding a bicycle, they are less likely to even consider bike share for their trips and the system will have lower ridership in the long term. “Most users choose to abandon using bike-share.” said Belavina. “But overall, we find that a 10%increase in bike availability would increase ridership by more than 12%.” Between increasing bike-availability and decreasing walking distance, the study finds that the latter has a higher impact. Bike-share operators with limited resources must prioritize building more stations close to riders. Where should those stations go? The authors recommend locations where there are many points of interest and locations with lower bike availability. 4. What can be done to make bike-share systems play a bigger role in urban transformations? A. Reducing traffic and pollution. B. Making stations more advanced. C. Putting more thought into operations. D. Making improvements in bike design. 5. What does the underlined word “availability” in paragraph 6 refer to? A. The number of nearby stations. B. The necessity of going for bike sharing. C. The likelihood of finding a bike at a station. D. The walking distance between the stations 6. According to the study what is the most important thing to do to achieve higher ridership? A. Shortening the bike trips. B. Reducing the walking distance. C. Increasing the number of bikes. D. Attracting riders to points of interest. 7. What does the text focus on? A. How to use the bike-share systems. B. How to make full use of bike-share. C. How to raise the awareness of bike-share. D. How to estimate the impacts of bike-share. 【答案】4. C 5. C 6. B 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了共享单车系统在城市转型中的作用及其存在的问题，并提出了改进措施。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“New research in the journal Management Science found a key reason is that while companies have focused on bike design and technology aspects, there has been minimal research done on operational aspects such as station density (密度) and bike-availability levels.(《管理科学》杂志的一项新研究发现，一个关键原因是，尽管公司一直关注自行车设计和技术的方面，但对运营方面的研究却微乎其微，比如车站密度和自行车的可用性水平。)”可知，要让共享单车系统在城市转型中发挥更大的作用，需要在运营方面投入更多的思考。故选C项。 【5题详解】 词义猜测题。根据文章第六段“There are two impacts of...: First, a short-term impact is that if nearby stations do not have bicycles when a user wants to take a trip, users must go to stations farther away or abandon using bike-share. Second, if users typically expect a lower chance of finding a bicycle, they are less likely to even consider bike share for their trips and the system will have lower ridership in the long term.(……有两个影响：首先，短期影响是，如果用户想要出行时附近的站点没有自行车，用户必须去更远的站点或者放弃使用共享单车。其次，如果用户通常预期找到自行车的几率较低，他们甚至不太可能考虑使用共享单车出行，长期来看，系统的使用率将会降低。)”可知，“availability”指的是在车站找到自行车的可能性。故选C项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第八段“Between increasing bike-availability and decreasing walking distance, the study finds that the latter has a higher impact. Bike-share operators with limited resources must prioritize building more stations close to riders.(在增加自行车的可用性和减少步行距离之间，研究发现后者有更大的影响。资源有限的共享单车运营商必须优先在靠近骑行者的地方建设更多的站点。)”可知，要实现更高的使用率，最重要的是减少步行距离。故选B项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Bike-share systems hold the potential to reduce traffic and pollution in big cities. While they have received considerable attention, their promise of urban transformation is far from being-fully realized.(共享单车系统有潜力减少大城市的交通和污染。虽然它们受到了相当大的关注，但它们对城市转型的承诺远未完全实现。)”、第六段“There are two impacts of availability: First, a short-term impact is that if nearby stations do not have bicycles when a user wants to take a trip, users must go to stations farther away or abandon using bike-share. Second, if users typically expect a lower chance of finding a bicycle, they are less likely to even consider bike share for their trips and the system will have lower ridership in the long term.(可用性有两个影响：首先，短期影响是，如果用户想要出行时附近的站点没有自行车，用户必须去更远的站点或者放弃使用共享单车。其次，如果用户通常预期找到自行车的几率较低，他们甚至不太可能考虑使用共享单车出行，长期来看，系统的使用率将会降低。)”以及最后一段“Where should those stations go? The authors recommend locations where there are many points of interest and locations with lower bike availability.( 这些站点应该设在哪里？作者们建议设在有许多景点和自行车供应较少的地方)”可知，这篇文章主要关注的是如何充分利用共享单车。故选B项。 C In some parts of the world people are likely to plan for the future, while in others people are more likely to live in the moment. In some societies people prefer more personal space; in others they are comfortable being in close quarters in public. There are a number of theories about where cultural differences between societies come from. In a growing number of cases, researchers have found that human culture an be shaped by key features of the environments in which people live. Ecology includes basic physical and social characteristics of the environment—such factors as how rich a place is in resources, how common infectious (传染性的) diseases are, how heavily populated a place is, and how much threat there is to human safety. Variables like temperature and the availability of water can be key ecological features. For over 200 societies, our lab at Arizona State University gathered comprehensive data on nine key features of ecology— such as rainfall, temperature, infectious disease and natural resources —and dozens of aspects of human cultural variation— including values, strength of social norms (社会规范), personality, motivation and institutional characteristics. With this information, we created the EcoCultural Dataset. Using this dataset, we were able to generate a range of estimates for just how much of human cultural variation can explained by ecology. We ran a series of statistical models looking at the relationship between our ecological variables and each of the 66 cultural outcomes we tracked. For each of the cultural outcomes we calculated the average amount of the cultural diversity across societies that was explained by this combination of nine different ecological factors. We found that nearly 20% of cultural variation was explained by the combination of these ecological features. Importantly, our statistical estimates take into account common issues in cross-cultural research. There will likely be unmeasured similarities between societies with shared historical roots and traditions. Ecology isn’t the only reason people around the world think and behave differently. But our work suggests that, at least in part, our environments shape our cultures. 8. Which best explains why people are comfortable being in close quarters in public? A. They are friendly to each other. B. They like staying in public places. C. They enjoy spending time with others. D. They live in a place with cold temperatures. 9. What do we know about the EcoCultural Dataset? A. It’s a combination of humans and nature. B. It’s a combination of ecology and culture. C. It’s a comparison between theory and practice. D. It’s a comparison between ecology and culture. 10. What did the author's lab want to find out? A. Where cultural differences come from. B. Whether ecological features affect culture. C. How strong the ecology-culture connection is. D. Why cultural differences between societies exist. 11. What is the conclusion of the author’s study? A. Shared traditions lead to cultural similarities. B. There are cultural differences between societies. C. Cultures are shaped by the environments people live in. D. Cultural differences partly come from ecological factors. 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了生态文化数据集表明了环境塑造了我们的文化。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Variables like temperature and the availability of water can be key ecological features.(温度和水的可用性等变量可能是关键的生态特征)”以及最后一段“But our work suggests that, at least in part, our environments shape our cultures.(但我们的研究表明，至少在某种程度上，我们的环境塑造了我们的文化)”可知，生活在一个温度很低的地方最能解释为什么人们在公共场合会觉得近距离接触很舒服。故选D。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“For over 200 societies, our lab at Arizona State University gathered comprehensive data on nine key features of ecology— such as rainfall, temperature, infectious disease and natural resources —and dozens of aspects of human cultural variation— including values, strength of social norms (社会规范), personality, motivation and institutional characteristics. With this information, we created the EcoCultural Dataset.(我们在亚利桑那州立大学的实验室收集了200多个社会的综合数据，涉及生态的九个关键特征——如降雨、温度、传染病和自然资源——以及人类文化差异的几十个方面——包括价值观、社会规范的强度、个性、动机和制度特征。有了这些信息，我们创建了生态文化数据集)”可知，生态文化数据集是生态和文化的结合。故选B。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“Using this dataset, we were able to generate a range of estimates for just how much of human cultural variation can explained by ecology.(利用这个数据集，我们能够对人类文化差异有多少可以用生态学来解释产生一系列的估计)”可知，作者的实验室想知道生态与文化的联系有多强。故选C。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Ecology isn’t the only reason people around the world think and behave differently. But our work suggests that, at least in part, our environments shape our cultures.(生态并不是世界各地人们思维和行为不同的唯一原因。但我们的研究表明，至少在某种程度上，我们的环境塑造了我们的文化)”可知，作者的研究结论是文化差异部分来自生态因素。故选D。 D How often is your mind quiet? If you’re a typical human being, the answer is probably very rarely. For most of our days, our attention is focused on external things—the tasks of our jobs, TV programs, or social media interactions. In the moments when our attention isn’t focused externally, it’s usually focused on what is called “thought-chatter”—a stream of mental associations consisting of expectations of the future, memories, daydreams, and so on. But from time to time, we all experience moments when our thought-chatter quiets down, or even disappears altogether. In these moments, we experience a sense of great well-being. We feel a sense of inner harmony. We feel as if we’re free of problems, and feel satisfied with our lives as they are. There are many activities that have the effect of quieting our minds, and so produce a state of well-being. For example, think about what happens when you go walking in the countryside. You might feel stressed when you start out, but slowly, after a couple of miles, your mind begins to settle down. The beauty and stillness of nature attracts your attention and you’re no longer in your thought-chatter. By the end of the walk you feel almost like a different person. You feel more alive, and much happier—largely because your mind is now quiet. This is why people love to look at beautiful works of art. When people see the paintings of Monet or van Gogh, they experience a mind-stopping moment, in which they’re taken out of their thinking minds and experience a sense of great well-being. The strange thing is, though, that most of the time this happens unconsciously (不知不觉地). We usually don’t associate this well-being with a quiet mind. And we usually don’t think of a quiet mind as the aim or result of these activities. Our estimate of how enjoyable an activity is may depend on its mind-stopping capacity. In other words, the very best performances—and the most rewarding activities—are those which are so attractive and intense that they can completely stop our minds. I’m not saying that inner quietness is the only reason why we enjoy these activities. Nevertheless, we should certainly become more aware of the association of a quiet mind with well-being. And at the same time we should be aware that it’s possible for us to consciously and directly create a quiet mind; rather than as a byproduct of certain activities. And in the end we might develop a permanent quiet mind and attain a state of ongoing contentment and harmony. 12. What can be inferred about thought-chatter? A. It requires a lot of practice. B. It might be unpleasant at times. C. It might be a talk with a friend. D. It helps reach a state of silence. 13. What are the examples of activities mentioned in the text mainly about? A. What activities lead to well-being. B. What can be done to reduce stress. C. How we can make our minds quiet. D. How mental quietness leads to well-being. 14. How can we determine how much pleasure an activity can give us? A. By judging how much stress it can increase. B. By judging whether it takes place unconsciously. C. By judging to what extent it can quiet our minds. D. By judging whether it associates with well-being. 15. What does the author intend to highlight in the last paragraph? A. Creating a quiet mind for all time. B. Living a peaceful life permanently. C. Being in harmony with inner quietness. D. Participating in activities for inner quietness. 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了内心宁静与心理健康的关系，指出通过欣赏艺术和在自然中行走等活动，可以使思维静止，带来幸福感和内心和谐，并提出有意识地创造宁静心境可以带来持久的满足感。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段的“But from time to time, we all experience moments when our thought-chatter quiets down, or even disappears altogether. In these moments, we experience a sense of great well-being. We feel a sense of inner harmony. We feel as if we’re free of problems, and feel satisfied with our lives as they are. (但时不时地，我们都会经历这样的时刻：我们的“思想闲聊”安静下来，甚至完全消失。在这些时刻，我们体验到一种巨大的幸福感。我们感受到内心的和谐。我们觉得好像没有问题了，对我们的生活感到满意。)”可知，“思想闲聊”停下来时人们会感到快乐，因此它的发生有时可能会令人不愉快。故选B。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段的“For example, think about what happens when you-go walking in the countryside. You might feel stressed when you start out, but slowly, after-a couple of miles, your mind begins to settle down. The beauty and stillness of nature attracts your attention and you’re no longer in your thought-chatter. By the end of the walk you feel almost like a different person. You feel more alive, and much happier—largely because your mind is now quiet. (例如，想想当你在农村散步时会发生什么。刚开始的时候你可能会感到压力，但慢慢地，几英里后，你的头脑开始安定下来。大自然的美丽和宁静吸引了你的注意力，你不再“思想闲聊”。散步结束时，你几乎感觉自己变成了另一个人。你感觉更有活力，也更快乐——主要是因为你的头脑现在很安静。) ”可知，文中提到了在乡村散步和观看艺术作品等活动可以让心灵平静下来，并带来幸福感。因此，提到这些例子主要是为了说明心灵的平静是怎样带来幸福感的。故选D。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Our estimate of how enjoyable an activity is may depend on its mind-stopping capacity. In other words, the very best performances—and the most rewarding activities—are those which are so attractive and intense that they can completely stop our minds. (我们对一项活动有多愉快的估计可能取决于它让人停止思考的能力。换句话说，最好的表现和最有回报的活动是那些非常有吸引力和激烈的，它们可以完全停止我们的思想。)”可知，那些可以完全让我们停止思考的活动被认为是非常愉快和有益的，因此，我们对一项活动的享受取决于它在多大程度上能让我们的头脑平静下来。故选C。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“I’m not saying that inner quietness is the only reason why we enjoy these activities. Nevertheless, we should certainly become more aware of the association of a quiet mind with well-being. And at the same time we should be aware that it’s possible for us to consciously and directly create a quiet mind; rather than as a byproduct of certain activities. And in the end we might develop a permanent quiet mind and attain a state of ongoing contentment and harmony. (我并不是说内心的平静是我们喜欢这些活动的唯一原因。然而，我们当然应该更加意识到安静的头脑与幸福的联系。同时，我们应该意识到，我们有可能有意识地直接创造一个平静的头脑；而不是作为某些活动的副产品。最终，我们可能会发展出一种永久的平静心态，达到一种持续的满足与和谐的状态。)”可知，作者强调要更多地意识到安静的心灵和幸福之间的联系，要有意识地直接创造一个安静的头脑，潜在地带来持续的满足和和谐，而不仅仅是参与活动。故选A。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Ten years ago, not many families in the United States would consider homeschooling a serious option for their children. There were negative feelings about homeschooling, especially among school educators, who considered it crazy or irresponsible. But things have changed now. ____16____ As homeschooling becomes more widely practiced, school communities are becoming far more accepting and recognize that it can meet real needs. ____17____ Homeschooling provides community life that is valuable to children. Participating in community life, homeschooled children relate socially with a wide variety of people. ____18____ Without social pressure from age-separated classrooms, kid feel more comfortable forming friendships. ____19____ We often hear parents and kids talk about how relieved they feel from being freed of traditional schooling and nightly homework. With independent learning, they have more time to talk and listen; more time to spend in libraries, museums, and concert halls; or to hike, ride bikes, read, or think. These changes are what happens when family life is driven by the needs of families, rather than the needs of institutions. Homeschooling also creates better learning environments for children who have been wrongly considered as having all sorts of imaginary “learning problems” in public and private schools. The educators want the children to be fixed so that they will fit; the parents correctly sense that their children are fine and only need something different: more space, freedom to move, a safe environment, or respectful treatment from others. ____20____ A. Homeschooling helps children lo broaden their knowledge. B. In homeschooling families, life is likely to be less stressful. C. Some people choose homeschooling for socialization benefits. D. Homeschooling success stories are often reported in the media. E. People can see how easy it is to get along with homeschooled kids. F. For these families, homeschooling helps a child build a life that works. G. The combination of two kinds of schooling has a great effect on a child. 【答案】16. D 17. C 18. E 19. B 20. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了在家上学的益处。 【16题详解】 根据上文“There were negative feelings about homeschooling, especially among school educators, who considered it crazy or irresponsible. But things have changed now.”（人们对在家上学持消极态度，尤其是在学校教育工作者中，他们认为这是疯狂的或不负责任的。）根据下文“As homeschooling becomes more widely practiced, school communities are becoming far more accepting and recognize that it can meet real needs.”（随着在家上学的实践越来越广泛，学校社区越来越接受并认识到它可以满足实际需要。）可知，选项承接上下文说明在家上学受欢迎的具体表现。故D选项“媒体经常报道在家上学的成功故事”切题。故选D项。 【17题详解】 根据下文“Homeschooling provides community life that is valuable to children. Participating in community life, homeschooled children relate socially with a wide variety of people.”（在家上学为孩子们提供了有价值的社区生活。在家上学的孩子参与社区生活，与各种各样的人建立社会关系。）可知，下文具体解释了在家上学有助于培养社交。所以选项承接下文与社交有关。故C选项“有些人选择在家上学是为了社交”切题。socialization benefits呼应relate socially with a wide variety of people。故选C项。 【18题详解】 根据下文“Without social pressure from age-separated classrooms, kid feel more comfortable forming friendships. ”（没有了不同年龄班级的社会压力，孩子们更容易建立友谊。）可知，选项承接下文说明在家学习使得与孩子相处更容易。easy呼应kid feel more comfortable forming friendship。故E选项“人们可以看到与在家上学的孩子相处是多么容易。”切题。故选E项。 【19题详解】 根据下文“We often hear parents and kids talk about how relieved they feel from being freed of traditional schooling and nightly homework. With independent learning, they have more time to talk and listen; more time to spend in libraries, museums, and concert halls; or to hike, ride bikes, read, or think.”（我们经常听到父母和孩子们谈论他们从传统的学校教育和夜间作业中解脱出来是多么的轻松。通过自主学习，他们有更多的时间说话和倾听;花更多的时间在图书馆、博物馆和音乐厅;或者去远足、骑自行车、读书或思考。）可知，本段主要在说在家上学减轻了家庭压力。故B选项“在家上学的家庭，生活压力可能会小一些”切题，为本段的标题。故选B项。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Homeschooling also creates better learning environments for children who have been wrongly considered as having all sorts of imaginary “learning problems” in public and private schools. The educators want the children to be fixed so that they will fit; the parents correctly sense that their children are fine and only need something different: more space, freedom to move, a safe environment, or respectful treatment from others.”（在家上学也为那些在公立和私立学校被错误地认为有各种想象中的“学习问题”的孩子创造了更好的学习环境。教育者希望孩子们能够适应;父母正确地意识到他们的孩子很好，只是需要一些不同的东西:更多的空间，自由移动，安全的环境，或者尊重他人的对待。）可知，选项承接上文总结上文说明对孩子的重要意义。故F选项“对于这些家庭来说，在家上学可以帮助孩子建立一个有意义的生活。”故选F项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My passion has always been caring for animals. That’s why I ____21____ at Bidcawee. Bideawee is a shelter (收容所) for cats and dogs, where all the animals are equally ____22____. Whether the cat or the dog stays for a day or years, each one has a special place in my heart. Most of the shelter dogs are so gentle and friendly that they cause me to wonder why no one has taken them ____23____ yet. The others need a bit of ____24____ and love to warm up, but once they ____25____ you, you fall in love with them. One of my favorites is a dog called Lola. She always bark at strangers. However, once she sees you often and gets ____26____ around you, she greets you with her tail wagging (摇摆), side to side. A common characteristic with all of the dogs, though, is that they can adapt to changes and ____27____ the life at the shelter. And that’s what I find so amazing about them. Timmy is a 7-year-old dog that was ____28____ after around six years with his owner. Nevertheless, he doesn’t just stay there, thinking about the past and ____29____ bis person to come back. Instead, he focuses on the _____30_____ and is friendly with everyone. A two-year-old dog called Noob lost leg in a car accident. However, he plays with other four-legged dogs _____31_____, as if the injury didn’t bother him. Bidcawee constantly _____32_____ their volunteers, but to me, they have done more for me than I could ever give to them. I truly enjoy every moment I _____33_____ at this animal shelter, which gives me a _____34_____ to be with all these lovely dogs and cats. It is definitely one of my most rewarding _____35_____. 21. A. learn B. volunteer C. live D. observe 22. A. loved B. tested C. shown D. introduced 23. A. there B. out C. home D. forward 24. A. assistance B. time C. effort D. support 25. A. approach B. contact C. discover D. recognize 26. A. curious B. comfortable C. active D. confident 27. A. get used to B. get ready for C. are familiar with D. are tired of 28. A. injured B. raised C. abandoned D. adopted 29. A. directing B. reminding C. requiring D. expecting 30. A. present B. future C. changes D. memories 31. A. quietly B. separately C. differently D. normally 32. A. helps B. meets C. invites D. thanks 33. A. spare B. choose C. spend D. remember 34. A. dream B. chance C. job D. duty 35. A. experiences B. achievements C. strategies D. improvements 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. D 32. D 33. C 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作者在Bideawee做志愿者的经历并且描述了那里的猫和狗。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么我在Bidcawee做志愿者。A. learn学习；B. volunteer志愿；C. live生活； D. observe观察。根据上文“My passion has always been caring for animals.”以及下文“their volunteers”可知，作者在Bidcawee做志愿者。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Bidewee是一个猫和狗的庇护所，在那里所有的动物都受到同样的爱。A. loved爱；B. tested测试；C. shown展示；D. introduced介绍。根据上文“Bideawee is a shelter(收容所)for cats and dogs”以及下文“each one has a special place in my heart.”可知，所有的动物都受到同样的爱。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：大多数收容所的狗都是那么温柔和友好，它们让我想知道为什么还没有人把它们带回家。A. there在那里；B. out向外；C. home回家；D. forward向前。根据上文“Most of the shelter dogs are so gentle and friendly”可知，去动物收容所可以领养动物，带回家。故选C项 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：其他动物需要一点时间和爱来热身，但一旦他们认可你，你就会爱上他们。A. assistance帮助；B. time时间；C. effort努力； D. support支持。根据下文“love to warm up”可知，其他动物需要一点时间和爱来热身。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：其他动物需要一点时间和爱来热身，但一旦他们认可你，你就会爱上他们。A. approach接近；B. contact联系；C. discover发现；D. recognize认出,认可。根据下文“you fall in love with them.”可知，一旦动物认可人类，人们就会爱上动物。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，一旦它经常看到你，并且在你身边感到舒适，它就会摇尾巴，左右摇摆，向你打招呼。 A. curious好奇的；B. comfortable舒服的；C. active积极的；D. confident自信的。根据下文“she greets you with her tail wagging (摇摆), side to side.”可知，它在你身边感到舒服，就会向你表示友好。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然而，所有的狗都有一个共同的特点，那就是它们能适应变化，习惯收容所的生活。 A. get used to习惯于；B. get ready for准备；C. are familiar with熟悉；D. are tired of厌倦。根据上文“adapt to changes”可知，狗能适应变化，习惯收容所的生活。 故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：蒂米是一只7岁的狗，和主人在一起大约6年后被遗弃。A. injured受伤；B. raised提高；C. abandoned放弃；D. adopted收养。根据下文“Nevertheless, he doesn’t just stay there, thinking about the past and ____9____ bis person to come back.”可知，狗被抛弃。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，他不只是呆在那里，想着过去，期待他的人回来。 A. directing指导；B. reminding提醒；C. requiring要求；D. expecting期望。根据上文“Nevertheless, he doesn’t just stay there, thinking about the past”可知，狗期待他的人回来。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，他专注于当下，对每个人都很友好。 A. present目前；现在；B. future将来；C. changes改变；D. memories记忆。根据下文“is friendly with everyone.”可知，狗狗专注于当下。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，他和其他四条腿的狗正常玩耍，好像受伤没有打扰他一样。A. quietly安静地；B. separately单独地 C. differently不同地；D. normally正常地。根据下文“as if the injury didn’t bother him.”可知，他和其他四条腿的狗正常玩耍。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Bidcawee一直感谢他们的志愿者，但对我来说，他们为我做的比我能给他们的要多。A. helps帮助；B. meets遇见；C. invites邀请； D. thanks感谢。志愿者们主动做了照顾动物的事，所以对志愿者是感激的。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我真的很享受在这个动物收容所度过的每一刻，这让我有机会和这些可爱的狗和猫在一起。A. spare匀出；B. choose选择；C. spend花费，度过； D. remember记得。根据上文“every moment”可知，指度过的时刻。故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我真的很享受在这个动物收容所度过的每一刻，这让我有机会和这些可爱的狗和猫在一起。 A. dream梦想； B. chance机会；C. job工作； D. duty职责。根据上文“I truly enjoy every moment I ____13____ at this animal shelter”可知，作者很享受在这个动物收容所度过的每一刻，这让我有机会和这些可爱的狗和猫在一起。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这绝对是我最有价值的经历之一。A. experiences经历；B. achievements成就；C. strategies策略；D. improvements提高。在Bidcawee做志愿者是一种经历。故选A项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A group of children in Zimbabwe, a country in southeast Africa, are closely following a series of martial arts (武术) movements ____36____ (perform) in a slow and focused manner accompanied by deep breathing, ____37____ their eyes fixed on their Chinese tai chi master. Actually, ____38____ group of tai chi enthusiasts are enjoying the power of concentration under the guidance of their instructor, 45-yeat-old Zhu Wei, ____39____ is the captain of the Chinese medical team in Zimbabwe. “Tai chi increases focus and makes students, from school children to college students, ____40____ (concentrate) on studies.” he says. Tai chi is a mind-body exercise rooted in multiple Chinese traditions, including martial arts, ____41____ (tradition) Chinese medicine and philosophy. It emphasizes a mind-body connection ____42____ (use) gentle movements, meditation (冥想)and deep breathing. Martial arts ____43____ (recognize) as a fitness practice, with a wide range of health benefits. Zhu says tai chi provides mental health benefits like improved focus, as well as decreased stress, anxiety and depression. In addition, it can improve a ____44____ (child) confidence and physical strength. Organizer of the children’s events Abraham Matuka says keeping youngsters busy and entertained with activities like tai chi _____45_____ (help) meet challenges of drug and other teenager crimes in low-income townships. 【答案】36. performed 37. with 38. the 39. who 40. concentrate 41. traditional 42. using 43. are recognized 44. child’s 45. helps 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了太极在非洲东南部国家津巴布韦被教授以及练习太极的益处。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语。句意：在非洲东南部国家津巴布韦，一群孩子正紧盯着他们的中国太极大师，跟随一组缓慢而专注的武术动作，伴随着深呼吸。空处为非谓语动词，movements与perform为被动关系，用过去分词作定语，故填performed。 【37题详解】 考查介词。句意：在非洲东南部国家津巴布韦，一群孩子正紧盯着他们的中国太极大师，跟随一组缓慢而专注的武术动作，伴随着深呼吸。本句为with的复合结构。故填with。 【38题详解】 考查冠词。句意：实际上，这群太极爱好者正在他们的教练、45岁的中国驻津巴布韦医疗队队长朱伟的指导下享受专注的力量。特指这群太极爱好者，用定冠词the。 故填the。 【39题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：实际上，这群太极爱好者正在他们的教练、45岁的中国驻津巴布韦医疗队队长朱伟的指导下享受专注的力量。先行词为45-yeat-old Zhu Wei，作非限制性定语从句的主语，关系代词为who。故填who。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语。句意：“太极拳可以提高注意力，让学生，从小学生到大学生，都能集中精力学习”。他说。本句为make sb do sth的用法。故填concentrate。 【41题详解】 考查形容词。句意：太极拳是一种身心运动，植根于多种中国传统，包括武术、中医和哲学。形容词traditional作定语，修饰名词。故填traditional。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语。句意：它强调身心的联系，使用轻柔的动作、冥想和深呼吸。空处为非谓语动词，与it为主动关系，用现在分词。故填using。 【43题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：武术被认为是一种健身练习，对健康有广泛的好处。陈述事实，为一般现在时，主语Martial arts与recognize为被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are recognized。 【44题详解】 考查名词所有格。句意：此外，它可以提高孩子的信心和体力。表示孩子的，用名词所有格。故填child’s。 【45题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：这些儿童活动的组织者亚伯拉罕·马图卡说，让孩子们通过打太极等活动来忙碌和娱乐，有助于应对低收入城镇毒品和其他青少年犯罪的挑战。诚实事实，为一般现在时，动名词做主语，谓语动词为单数形式。故填helps。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校一年一度的艺术节即将来临。你们班为艺术节准备了一个英语短剧。请给外教Miss Ellis写一封邮件，内容包括： 1.介绍你校的艺术节： 2.你班的准备： 3.请求指导。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Miss Ellis, I’m writing to ask for your help. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely Li Hua 【答案】Dear Miss Ellis, I'm Li Hua, and I'm writing to seek your valuable guidance. Our school's annual Arts Festival is approaching, and our class has decided to present an English short play. We've been hard at work, selecting the script, assigning roles, and practicing our lines. However, we recognize the importance of native English speakers' input and would greatly appreciate your advice on our performance. Your feedback on our pronunciation, intonation, and overall delivery would be immensely helpful. We hope that with your guidance, we can bring our short play to life and truly captivate our audience. Thank you for considering our request, and we eagerly await your response. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达是一封求助信，要求考生以李华的身份给外教Miss Ellis写信，介绍学校艺术节的情况，班级的准备情况，并请求对方给予指导。 【详解】词汇积累 请求：ask for → seek 到来：iapproach → draw near 表演：present → perform 投入：input → contribution 句式拓展 同义句改写 原句：Our school's annual Arts Festival is approaching. 拓展句：The time when our school celebrates its annual Arts Festival is drawing near. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I'm Li Hua, and I'm writing to seek your valuable guidance.（使用了动词不定式作状语） 【高分句型2】We hope that with your guidance, we can bring our short play to life and truly captivate our audience.（使用了连接词that连接的宾语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料， 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段， 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Lisa Sweeney is a 32-year-old mail carrier in Staten Island, New York. Four months ago, she noticed that something wasn’t right at one of the homes on her route. It was her quick action that made all the difference. One afternoon in August, an old woman named Marie Boyer, who lived alone, fell at the foot of the stairs in her home. She was just lying unconscious(昏迷的)on the floor. The next afternoon, her regular mail carrier, Lisa Sweeney, passed by and noticed something unusual. Though she and Marie hadn’t had much conversation over the years, Lisa knew her habits. She was surprised not to see Marie working in her garden, because she usually spent most afternoons there when the weather was fine. I just had a feeling in my heart that Marie was inside. “Lisa recalls. She went straight round to the back of the house, thinking that the old woman might be in the kitchen, but she didn’t find anybody there. Puzzled, Lisa returned to the front of the house and knocked bard on the door. There was no answer. She thought that this was very strange, so she knocked on a neighbor’s door, but he’d been away on vacation and arrived home just a short time before so he didn’t know anything. Just then Lisa noted that Mane’s bottle of milk, which was delivered early in the morning, was still on the doorstep. It was a clear warning sign. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右： 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “I must get in to see what’s happened.” Lisa said to herself. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Lisa’s quick action not only saved a life but also started a friendship. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 “I must get in to see what’s happened,” Lisa said to herself. With a sense of urgency, Lisa worriedly checked around the house, trying the back door that Marie sometimes left unlocked. As it creaked open, she called out for Marie and followed a faint sound to find her unconscious at the foot of the stairs. Lisa dialed 911 immediately and stayed by Marie’s side, comforting her until help arrived. Her quick action potentially saved Marie’s life, and their bond grew stronger as Lisa continued to support her through recovery. Lisa’s quick action not only saved a life but also started a friendship. As Marie recuperated in the hospital, Lisa visited regularly, providing companionship and support. Marie’s family, grateful for Lisa’s timely intervention, welcomed her warmly into their lives. This experience underscored the importance of attentiveness and care within a community, illustrating how small acts of concern can forge deep connections that endure beyond the moment of crisis. 【解析】 【导语】本文以故事发展的顺序为线索展开，讲述了邮递员Lisa Sweeney在她平常送信时注意到Marie家里的异常情况后上门查看的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容““我必须进去看看发生了什么事，”Lisa 自言自语道。”可知，第一段可描写“Lisa 最终发现了摔倒的Marie并立即拨打了911，Lisa继续支持Marie康复，他们的关系变得更加紧密。”的相关细节。 ②由第二段首句内容“Lisa的快速行动不仅挽救了一条生命，也开始了一段友谊。”可知，第二段可描写“Marie在医院休养期间，Lisa经常去看望她，她们成为了亲密的朋友。”的相关细节。 2.续写线索：Lisa上门查看——发现Marie摔倒——Lisa立即拨打911并陪伴Marie——Marie得救——关系变得紧密——开启一段友谊——Lisa探望Marie——二人成为好朋友——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①安慰：comfort/console ②提供：provide/supply/offer 情绪类 ①担心地：worriedly/anxiously ②感激的： grateful/thankful/appreciative 【点睛】【高分句型1】As it creaked open, she called out for Marie and followed a faint sound to find her unconscious at the foot of the stairs.(使用了as引导的时间状语从句) 【高分句型2】This experience underscored the importance of attentiveness and care within a community, illustrating how small acts of concern can forge deep connections that endure beyond the moment of crisis.(使用了现在分词作状语和that引导的定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$