四科学与技术-【育才学案】2020-2024年五年高考英语真题分类

五年高考真题分类·英语 四 科学与技术 题组一 用时： 正确率： 易错题： Passage1(2024·新课标I卷·C篇) demonstrated that when adults read news stories, Is comprehension the same whether a person they remember more of the content than if they reads a text onscreen or on paper?And are listen to or view identical pieces. listening to and viewing content as effective as Digital texts,audio and video all have reading the written word when covering the same educational roles,especially when providing material?The answers to both questions are often resources not available in print.However,for "no.The reasons relate to a variety of factors, maximizing learning where mental focus and including reduced concentration,an entertainment reflection are called for,educators shouldn't mindset(心态)and a tendency to multitask while assume all media are the same,even when they consuming digital content. contain identical words. When reading texts of several hundred words 1.What does the underlined phrase "shine or more,learning is generally more successful through"in paragraph 2 mean? when it's on paper than onscreen.A large amount A.Seem unlikely to last. of research confirms this finding.The benefits of B.Seem hard to explain. print reading particularly shine through when C.Become ready to use. experimenters move from posing simple tasks- D.Become easy to notice. like identifying the main idea in a reading 2.What does the shallowing hypothesis assume? passage-to ones that require mental abstraction- A.Readers treat digital texts lightly. such as drawing inferences from a text. B.Digital texts are simpler to understand. The differences between print and digital C.People select digital texts randomly. reading results are partly related to paper's D.Digital texts are suitable for social media. physical properties.With paper,there is a literal laying on of hands,along with the visual geography 3.Why are audio and video increasingly used by university teachers? of distinet pages.People often link their memory of what they've read to how far into the book it was A.They can hold students'attention. or where it was on the page. B.They are more convenient to prepare. But equally important is the mental aspect. C.They help develop advanced skills. Reading researchers have proposed a theory called D.They are more informative than text. “shallowing hypothesis(假说).”According to 4.What does the author imply in the last this theory,people approach digital texts with a paragraph? mindset suited to social media,which are often not A.Students should apply multiple learning so serious,and devote less mental effort than when techniques. they are reading print. B.Teachers should produce their own teaching Audio(音频)and video can feel more material. engaging than text,and so university teachers C.Print texts cannot be entirely replaced in increasingly turn to these technologies-say, education. assigning an online talk instead of an article by the D.Education outside the classroom cannot be same person.However,psychologists have ignored. 34 Part One阅读 Passage2(2024·新课标I卷·D篇) What can we do with the imperfect datasets of In the race to document the species on Earth biodiversity? before they go extinct,researchers and citizen “Quite a lot,”Daru explained..“Biodiversity scientists have collected billions of records.Today. apps can use our study results to inform users of most records of biodiversity are often in the form oversampled areas and lead them to places-and of photos,videos,and other digital records. even species-that are not well-sampled.To Though they are useful for detecting shifts in the improve the quality of observational data. number and variety of species in an area,a new biodiversity apps can also encourage users to have Stanford study has found that this type of record is an expert confirm the identification of their not perfect. uploaded image.” "With the rise of technology it is easy for 1.What do we know about the records of species people to make observations of different species collected now? with the aid of a mobile application."said A.They are becoming outdated. Barnabas Daru.who is lead author of the study and B.They are mostly in electronic form. assistant professor of biology in the Stanford C.They are limited in number. School of Humanities and Sciences."These D.They are used for public exhibition. observations now outnumber the primary data that 2.What does Daru's study focus on? comes from physical specimens(标本)，and since A.Threatened species. we are increasingly using observational data to B.Physical specimens. investigate how species are responding to global C.Observational data. change,I wanted to know:Are they usable?" D.Mobile applications. Using a global dataset of 1.9 billion records of 3.What has led to the biases according to the plants,insects,birds,and animals,Daru and his study? team tested how well these data represent actual global biodiversity patterns. A.Mistakes in data analysis. B.Poor quality of uploaded pictures. "We were particularly interested in exploring the aspects of sampling that tend to bias(使有偏 C.Improper way of sampling. data,like the greater likelihood of a citizen D.Unreliable data collection devices. scientist to take a picture of a flowering plant 4.What is Daru's suggestion for biodiversity apps? instead of the grass right next to it,"said Daru. A.Review data from certain areas. Their study revealed that the large number of B.Hire experts to check the records. observation-only records did not lead to better C.Confirm the identity of the users. global coverage.Moreover,these data are biased D.Give guidance to citizen scientists. and favor certain regions,time periods,and Passage3(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷·C篇) species.This makes sense because the people who We all know fresh is best when it comes to get observational biodiversity data on mobile food.However,most produce at the store went devices are often citizen scientists recording their through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of encounters with species in areas nearby.These miles before reaching the table.While farmer's data are also biased toward certain species with markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey. attractive or eye-catching features. Babylon Micro-Farm(BMF)shortens it even more. 35 五年高考真题分类·英语 BMF is an indoor garden system.It can be set 3.What can be concluded about BMF employees? up for a family.Additionally,it could serve a larger A.They have a great passion for sports. audience such as a hospital,restaurant or school. B.They are devoted to community service. The innovative design requires little effort to C.They are fond of sharing daily experiences. achieve a reliable weekly supply of fresh greens. D.They have a strong environmental awareness. 4.What does the text mainly talk about? Specifically,it's a farm that relies on new A.BMF's major strengths. technology.By connecting through the Cloud,BMF B.BMF's general management. is remotely monitored.Also,there is a convenient C.BMF's global influence. app that provides growing data in real time. D.BMF's technical standards. Because the system is automated,it significantly Passage4(2023·全国甲卷·B篇) reduces the amount of water needed to grow Terri Bolton is a dab hand when it comes to plants.Rather than watering rows of soil,the DIY (do-it-yourself).Skilled at putting up shelves system provides just the right amount to each and piecing together furniture,she never pays plant.After harvest.users simply replace the someone else to do a job she can do herself. She credits these skills to her late grandfather plants with a new pre-seeded pod(容器)to get the and builder Derek Lloyd.From the age of six, next growth cycle started. Terri,now 26,accompanied Derek to work during Moreover,having a system in the same her school holidays.A day's work was rewarded building where it's eaten means zero emissions( with￡5 in pocket money.She says:“T'm sure I )from transporting plants from soil to salad.In wasn't much of a help to start with painting the addition,there's no need for pesticides and other rooms and putting down the flooring throughout chemicals that pollute traditional farms and the the house.It took weeks and it was backbreaking surrounding environment. work,but I know he was proud of my skills. BMF employees live out sustainability in their Terri,who now rents a house with friends in Wandsworth,South West London,says DIY also everyday lives.About half of them walk or bike to saves her from losing any deposit when a tenancy work.Inside the office,they encourage recycling (租期)comes to an end,.She adds:“I've moved and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and house many times and I always like to personalise avoiding single-use plastic."We are passionate my room and put up pictures.So,it's been useful about reducing waste,carbon and chemicals in our to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room environment,"said a BMF employee. to avoid any charges when I've moved out. 1.What can be learned about BMF from paragraph 1? With millions of people likely to take on DIY A.It guarantees the variety of food. projects over that coming weeks,new research B.It requires day-to-day care. shows that more than half of people are planning C.It cuts the farm-to-table distance. to make the most of the long,warm summer days to get jobs done.The average spend per project D.It relies on farmer's markets. will be around f 823.Two thirds of people aim to 2.What information does the convenient app offer? improve their comfort while at home.Two fifth A.Real-time weather changes. wish to increase the value of their house.Though B.Current condition of the plants. DIY has traditionally been seen as male hobby,the C.Chemical pollutants in the soil. research shows it is women now leading the D.Availability of pre-seeded pods. charge. 36 Part One阅读 l.Which is closest in meaning to“a dab hand”in Books themselves may be used symbolically in paragraph 1? paintings to demonstrate the intellect(才智)， A.An artist. B.A winner. wealth or faith of the subject.Before the wide use C.A specialist. D.A pioneer. of the printing press,books were treasured objects 2.Why did Terri's grandfather give her 5 a day? and could be works of art in their own right.More A.For a birthday gift. recently,as books have become inexpensive or B.As a treat for her work. even throwaway,artists have used them as the C.To support her DIY projects. raw material for artworks-transforming covers. D.To encourage her to take up a hobby. pages or even complete volumes into paintings and sculptures. 3.How did Terri avoid losing the deposit on the Continued developments in communication house she rented? technologies were once believed to make the A.By making it look like before. printed page outdated.From a 21st-century point B.By furnishing it herself. of view,the printed book is certainly ancient,but C.By splitting the rent with a roommate. it remains as interactive as any battery-powered D.By cancelling the rental agreement. e-reader.To serve its function.a book must be 4.What trend in DIY does the research show? activated by a user:the cover opened.the pages A.It is becoming more costly. parted,the contents reviewed,perhaps notes B.It is getting more time-consuming. written down or words underlined.And in contrast C.It is turning into a seasonal industry. to our increasingly networked lives where the D.It is gaining popularity among females. information we consume is monitored and tracked. Passage5(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷·C篇) a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly Reading Art:Art for Book Lovers is a private,.“off-line”activity. celebration of an everyday object-the book. 1.Where is the text most probably taken from? represented here in almost three hundred artworks A.An introduction to a book. from museums around the world.The image of the B.An essay on the art of writing. reader appears throughout history,in art made C.A guidebook to a museum. long before books as we now know them came into D.A review of modern paintings. being.In artists'representations of books and 2.What are the selected artworks about? reading,we see moments of shared humanity that A.Wealth and intellect. B.Home and school. go beyond culture and time. C.Books and reading. In this“book of books”,artworks are D.Work and leisure. selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes 3.What do the underlined words“relate to”in these connections between different eras and paragraph 2 mean? cultures.We see scenes of children learning to read A.Understand. B.Paint. at home or at school,with the book as a focus for C.Seize. D.Transform. relations between the generations.Adults are 4.What does the author want to say by mentioning portrayed(描绘)alone in many settings and the e-reader? poses-absorbed in a volume,deep in thought or A.The printed book is not totally out of date. lost in a moment of leisure.These scenes may have B.Technology has changed the way we read. been painted hundreds of years ago,but they C.Our lives in the 21st century are networked. record moments we can all relate to. D.People now rarely have the patience to read. 37 五年高考真题分类·英语 题组二 用时： 正确率： 易错题： Passage1(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷·C篇) 2.What can the Textalyzer help a police officer Over the last seven years,most states have find out? banned texting by drivers,and public service A.Where a driver came from. campaigns have tried a wide range of methods to B.Whether a driver used their phone. persuade people to put down their phones when C.How fast a driver was going. they are behind the wheel. D.When a driver arrived at the scene. Yet the problem,by just about any measure, 3.What does the underlined word "something"in appears to be getting worse.Americans are still the last paragraph refer to? texting while driving,as well as using social A.Advice. B.Data. networks and taking photos.Road accidents, C.Tests. D.Laws. which had fallen for years,are now rising sharply. 4.What is a suitable title for the text? That is partly because people are driving A.To Drive or Not to Drive?Think Before You Start more,but Mark Rosekind,the chief of the B.Texting and Driving?Watch Out for the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Textalyzer said distracted(分心)driving was“only C.New York Banning Hand-Held Devices by Drivers increasing,unfortunately. D.The Next Generation Cell Phone:the Textalyzer “Big change requires big ideas,”he said in a Passage2(2022·全国乙卷·C篇) speech last month,referring broadly to the need to Can a small group of drones(无人机) improve road safety.So to try to change a guarantee the safety and reliability of railways distinctly modern behavior,lawmakers and public and,at the same time,help railway operators save health experts are reaching back to an old billions of euros each year?That is the very likely approach:They want to treat distracted driving future of applying today's "eyes in the sky" like drunk driving. An idea from lawmakers in New York is to technology to making sure that the millions of give police officers a new device called the kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure(基础设 Textalyzer.It would work like this:An officer worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis. arriving at the scene of a crash could ask for the Drones are already being used to examine phones of the drivers and use the Textalyzer to high-tension electrical lines.They could do check in the operating system for recent activity. precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines The technology could determine whether a driver and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such had just texted,emailed or done anything else that as the correct position of railway tracks and is not allowed under New York's hands-free switching points.The more regularly they can be driving laws. inspected,the more railway safety,reliability and "We need something on the books that can on-time performance will be improved.Costs change people's behavior,"said Felix W.Ortiz. would be cut and operations would be more who pushed for the state's 2001 ban on hand-held efficient(高效)across the board. devices by drivers.If the Textalyzer bill becomes That includes huge savings in maintenance law,he said,"people are going to be more afraid costs and better protection of railway personnel to put their hands on the cell phone. safety.It is calculated that European railways 1.Which of the following best describes the ban on alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year drivers'texting in the US? on maintenance,including sending maintenance A.Ineffective. B.Unnecessary. staff,often at night,to inspect and repair the rail C.Inconsistent. D.Unfair. infrastructure.That can be dangerous work that 38 Part One阅读 could be avoided with drones assisting the crews one language into another.These systems are efforts. sometimes faster and more perceptive than we By using the latest technologies,drones could humans are.But so far that is only true for the also start providing higher-value services for specific tasks for which the systems have been railways,detecting faults in the rail or switches. designed.That is something that some AI before they can cause any safety problems.To developers are now eager to change. perform these tasks,drones for rail don't need to Some of today's Al pioneers want to move on be flying overhead.Engineers are now working on from today's world of“weak”or“narrow”Al,to a new concept:the rail drones of the future.They create“strong”or“full”AI,or what is often will be moving on the track ahead of the train,and called artificial general intelligence(AGI).In some programmed to run autonomously.Very small respects,today's powerful computing machines drones with advanced sensors and AI and already make our brains look weak.AGI could,its travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot.With their ability to see ahead.they could advocates say,work for us around the clock,and signal any problem.so that fast-moving trains drawing on all available data.could suggest would be able to react in time. solutions to many problems.DM,a company 1.What makes the application of drones to rail focused on the development of AGl,has an lines possible? ambition to“solve intelligence”.“Ifwe're A.The use of drones in checking on power successful,"their mission statement reads,"we lines. believe this will be one of the most important and B.Drones'ability to work at high altitudes. widely beneficial scientific advances ever made." C.The reduction of cost in designing drones. Since the early days of Al,imagination has D.Drones'reliable performance in remote areas. outpaced what is possible or even probable.In 2.What does "maintenance"underlined in Paragraph 3 1965,an imaginative mathematician called Irving refer to? Good predicted the eventual creation of an "ultra- A.Personnel safety. intelligent machine...that can far surpass all the B.Assistance from drones. intellectual(摺力的)activities of any man,however C.Inspection and repair. clever."Good went on to suggest that "the first D.Construction of infrastructure. ultra-intelligent machine"could be "the last 3.What function is expected of the rail drones? invention that man need ever make." A.To provide early warning. Fears about the appearance of bad,powerful, B.To make trains run automatically man-made intelligent machines have been C.To earn profits for the crews. D.To accelerate transportation. reinforced(强化)by many works of fiction一Mary 4.Which is the most suitable title for the text? Shelley's Frankenstein and the Terminator film A.What Faults Can Be Detected with Drones series,for example.But if AI does eventually B.How Production of Drones Can Be Expanded prove to be our downfall,it is unlikely to be at the C.What Difficulty Drone Development Will Face hands of human-shaped forms like these,with D.How Drones Will Change the Future of Railways recognisably human motivations such as aggression Passage3(2020·北京卷·D篇) (敌对行为）.nstead,I agree with Oxford Certain forms of Al are indeed becoming University philosopher Nick Bostrom,who ubiquitous.For example,algorithms (carry believes that the heaviest risks from A GI do not out huge volumes of trading on our financial come from a decision to turn against mankind but markets,self-driving cars are appearing on city rather from a dogged pursuit of set objectives at streets,and our smartphones are translating from the expense of everything else. 39 五年高考真题分类·英语 The promise and danger of true A GI are blanket-19 percent say they never use it while a great.But all of today's excited discussion about further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies.I these possibilities presupposes the fact that we will think my home falls into that category. be able to build these systems.And.having More than half of Australian homes are still spoken to many of the world's foremost AI choosing to stick with their home phone.Age is researchers,I believe there is good reason to doubt naturally a factor(因素)一only58 percent of that we will see A GI any time soon,if ever. Generation Ys still use landlines now and then, 1.What does the underlined word "ubiquitous"in compared to 84 percent of Baby Boomers who've Paragraph I probably mean? perhaps had the same home number for 50 years. A.Enormous in quantity. Age isn't the only factor:I'd say it's also to do B.Changeable daily. with the makeup of your household. C.Stable in quality. Generation Xers with young families,like my D.Present everywhere. wife and I,can still find it convenient to have a 2.What could AGI do for us,according to its home phone rather than providing a mobile phone supporters? for every family member.That said,to be honest A.Help to tackle problems. the only people who ever ring our home phone are B.Make brains more active. our Baby Boomers parents,to the point where we C Benefit ambitious people. play a game and guess who is calling before we D.Set up powerful databases. pick up the phone(using Caller ID would take the 3.As for Irving Good's opinion on ultra-intelligent fun out of it). machines,the author is How attached are you to your landline?How A.supportive B.disapproving long until they go the way of gas street lamps and C.fearful D.uncertain morning milk deliveries? 4.What can be inferred about AGI from the 1.What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about passage? mobile phones? A.It may be only a dream. A.Their target users. B.It will come into being soon. B.Their wide popularity. C.It will be controlled by humans. C.Their major functions. D.It may be more dangerous than ever. D.Their complex design. Passage4(2021·全国乙卷·B篇) 2.What does the underlined word“concede”in When almost everyone has a mobile phone, paragraph 3 mean? why are more than half of Australian homes still A.Admit. B.Argue. paying for a landline(座机)？ C.Remember. D.Remark. These days you'd be hard pressed to find 3.What can we say about Baby Boomers? anyone in Australia over the age of 15 who doesn't A.They like smartphone games. own a mobile phone.In fact plenty of younger kids B.They enjoy guessing callers'identity. have one in their pocket.Practically everyone can C.They keep using landline phones. make and receive calls anywhere,anytime. D.They are attached to their family. Still,55 percent of Australians have a landline 4.What can be inferred about the landline from the phone at home and only just over a quarter (29%) last paragraph? rely only on their smartphones,according to a A.It remains a family necessity. survey )Of those Australians who still have B.It will fall out of use some day. a landline,a third concede that it's not really C.It may increase daily expenses. necessary and they're keeping it as a security D.It is as important as the gas light. 40 Part One 阅读 题组三 用时： 正确率： 易错题： Passage1(2021·1月浙江卷·A篇) would ever come true.And here I am,standing in More than 25 years ago,Saroo Brierley lived front of her." in rural(农村)India,One day,he played with his 1.Why was Brierley separated from his family brother along the rail line and fell asleep.When he about25 years ago☒ woke up and found himself alone,the 4-year-old A.He got on a train by mistake. decided his brother might be on the train he saw in B.He got lost while playing in the street. front of him-so he got on. C.He was taken away by a foreigner. That train took him a thousand miles across D.He was adopted by an Australian family. the country to a totally strange city.He lived on 2.How did Brierley find his hometown? the streets,and then in an orphanage(孤儿院)， A.By analyzing old pictures. There.he was adopted by an Australian family B.By travelling all around India. and flown to Tasmania. C.By studying digital maps. As he writes in his new book,A Long Way D.By spreading his story via his book. Home,Brierley couldn't help but wonder about his 3.What does Brierley mainly talk about in the hometown back in India.He remembered landmarks, interview? but since he didn't know his town's name,finding a A.His love for his mother. small neighborhood in a vast country proved to be B.His reunion with his mother. impossible. C.His long way back home. Then he found a digital mapping program.He D.His memory of his hometown. spent years searching for his hometown in the Passage2(2020·7浙江卷·B篇) program's satellite pictures.In 2011,he came The traffic signals along Factoria Boulevard in across something familiar.He studied it and Bellevue,Washington,generally don't flash the realized he was looking at a town's central same length of green twice in a row,especially at business district from a bird's-eye view.He rush hour.At 9:30 a.m.,the full red yellow/ thought,"On the right-hand side you should see green signal cycle might be 140 seconds.By 9:33 the three-platform train station”一and there it a.m.,a burst of additional traffic might push it to was."And on the left-hand side you should see a 145 seconds.Less traffic at 9:37 a.m.could push big fountain"-and there it was.Everything just it down to 135.Just like the traffic itself,the started to match. timing of the signals changes. When he stood in front of the house where he That is by design.Bellevue,a fast-growing grew up as a child,he saw a lady standing in the city just east of Seattle,uses a system that is entrance,.“There's something about me,”he gaining popularity around the US:intersection(+ thought-and it took him a few seconds but he 字路口)signals that can adjust in real time to finally remembered what she used to look like. traffic conditions.These lights,known as adaptive In an interview Brierley says,"My mother signals,have led to significant declines in both the looked so much shorter than I remembered.But trouble and cost of travels between work and she came forth and walked forward,and I walked home. forward,and my feelings and tears and the "Adaptive signals can make sure that the chemical in my brain,you know,it was like a traffic demand that is there is being addressed," nuclear fusiont(核聚变).I just didn't know what to says Alex Stevanovic,a researcher at Florida say,because I never thought seeing my mother Atlantic University. 41 五年高考真题分类·英语 For all of Bellevue's success,adaptive signals a study published Wednesday in the journal are not a cure-all for jammed roadways.Kevin Neurology suggests. Balke,a research engineer at the Texas A&.M Researchers from the University of Leipzig in University Transportation Institute,says that Germany gathered more than 1,000 retired while smart lights can be particularly beneficial for workers who were over age 75 and assessed the some cities,others are so jammed that only a volunteers'memory and thinking skills through a sharp reduction in the number of cars on the road battery of tests.Then,for eight years,the will make a meaningful difference."It's not going scientists asked the same group to come back to the lab to fix everything,but adaptive signals have some every 18 months to take the same sorts of tests. benefits for smaller cities,"he says. Those who had held mentally stimulating In Bellevue,the switch to adaptive signals has )demanding jobs before retirement tended to been a lesson in the value of welcoming new do the best on the tests.And they tended to lose approaches.In the past,there was often an cognitive(认知)function at a much slower rate automatic reaction to increased traffic:just widen than those with the least mentally challenging the roads,says Mark Poch,the Bellevue jobs.The results held true even after the scientists Transportation Department's traffic engineering accounted for the participants'overall health status. manager.Now he hopes that other cities will "This works just like physical exercise,"says consider making their streets run smarter instead Francisca Then,who led the study."After a long of just making them bigger. run,you may feel like you're in pain,you may feel 1.What does the underlined word "that"in tired.But it makes you fit.After a long day at Paragraph 2 refer to? work-sure,you will feel tired,but it can help A.Increased length of green lights. your brain stay healthy. B.The shortened traffic signal cycle. It's not just corporate jobs,or even paid work C.Flexible timing of traffic signals. that can help keep your brain fit,Then points out. D.Smooth traffic flow on the road. A waiter's job,for example,that requires 2.What does Kevin Balke say about adaptive multitasking,teamwork and decision-making could signals? be just as stimulating as any high-level office A.They work better on broad roads. work.And "running a family household requires B.They should be used in other cities. high-level planning and coordinating(协调)，”she C.They have greatly reduced traffic on the says."You have to organize the activities of the road. children and take care of the bills and groceries. D.They are less helpful in cities seriously Of course,our brains can decline as we grow jammed. older for lots of reasons -including other 3.What can we learn from Bellevue's success? environmental influences or genetic factors.Still, A.It is rewarding to try new things. continuing to challenge yourself mentally and B.The old methods still work today. keeping your mind busy can only help C.It pays to put theory into practice. 1.Why did the scientists ask the volunteers to take D.The simplest way is the best way. the tests? P1 ssage3(2020·7浙江卷·C篇) A.To assess their health status. Challenging work that requires lots of B.To evaluate their work habits. analytical thinking,planning and other managerial C.To analyze their personality. skills might help your brain stay sharp as you age. D.To measure their mental ability. 42 Part One阅读 2.How does Francisca Then explain her findings The two sets of waves cancel each other out. in paragraph 4? Simply turn the machine on,point it at the target, A.By using an expert's words. and your peace and quiet comes back. B.By making a comparison. Directed sound is a new technology that C.By referring to another study. allows companies to use sound in much the same D.By introducing a concept. way spotlights(聚光灯)are used in the theater,A 3.Which of the following is the best title for the spotlight lights up only one section of a stage; text? similarly,a "spotsound"creates a circle of sound A.Retired Workers Can Pick Up New Skills in one targeted area.This can be useful for B.Old People Should Take Challenging Jobs businesses such as restaurants and stores because C.Your Tough Job Might Help Keep You Sharp it offers a new way to attract customers.Restaurants can D.Cognitive Function May Decline As You Age offer a choice of music along with the various food Passage4(2020·天津卷·C篇) choices on the menu,allowing customers more For people who are interested in sound,the control over the atmosphere in which they are field of sound technology is definitely making dining.Directed sound is also beginning to appear noise.In the past,sound engineers worked in the in shopping centers and even at homes. back rooms of recording studios,but many of 1.What could be inferred from Paragraph 2 about today's sound professionals are sharing their the effect of the LRAD knowledge and experience with professionals in A.It causes temporary hearing loss. other fields to create new products based on the B.It slows down a running man. phenomenon we call sound. C.It makes it easy to identify a suspect. Sound can be used as a weapon.Imagine that a D.It keeps the suspeet from hurting others. police officer is chasing a thief.The thief tries to 2.The Silence Machine is a device specially escape.And the officer can't let him get away.He designed to pulls out a special device,points it at the suspect, A.silence the people around you and switches it on.The thief drops to the ground. B.remove the sound of commercials This new weapon is called a Long Range Acoustic C.block the incoming sound waves Device(LRAD,远程定向声波发射器).It produces D.stop unwanted sound from affecting you a deafening sound so painful that it temporarily 3.What feature do spotsounds and spotlights share? disables a person.The noise from the LRAD is A.They travel in circles. directed like a ray of light and travels only into the B.They clear the atmosphere. ears of that person.but it is not deadly. C.They can be transformed into energy. For those who hunger for some peace and D.They can be directed onto a specific area. quiet.sound can now create silence.Let's say you 4.Directed sound can be used for are at the airport,and the little boy on the seat A.creative designs of restaurant menus next to you is humming(哼唱)a short commercial B.ideal sound effects on the theater stage song.He hums it over and over again,and you are C.different choices of music for businesses about to go crazy.Thanks to the Silence Machine, D.strict control over any suspicious customer a British invention,you can get rid of the sound 5.What does the passage focus on? without upsetting the boy or his parents.One may A.How professionals invented sound products. wonder how the Silence Machine works.Well,it B.Inventions in the field of sound technology. functions by analyzing the waves of the incoming C.The growing interest in the study of sound. sound and creating a second set of outgoing waves. D.How sound engineers work in their studios. 43五年高考真题分类·英语 Passage 4 力”：B项“它们准备起来更方使”：C项“它们帮助培养先 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了随者年 进技能”：D项“它们比文本提供更多信息”。根据题千可 轻人生活压力的增大以及老年人孤独感的增加，越来越多 将解题信息定住在第五段。本段第一句该到音频和视频 的英国家庭选择儿代人同住，且这已成为一种趋势， 比文字更吸引人，所以大学教师越来越多地改用这些技 L,B细节理解题。根据第三段"Four years ago they all 术，故选A。 moved into a three-storey Victorian house in Bristol... 4.C推断。最后一段首先谈到电子文本，音频和视频都具 but Rita Whitehead has her own kitchen,bathroom. 有教育作用，特别是在提供纸质文本无法提供的资源时。 bedroom and living room on the ground floor.”可知，在布 “However”后提到为了最大限度地进行需要集中注意力 里斯托尔的维多利亚时代的房子里，Rita住在一楼，故 和反思的学习，教育者不应该假设所有蝶体都是一样的， 选B。 即使它们包含相同的词汇，这与倒数第二段最后一句中 2.A观点态度题。根据第五段中的“From my standpoint, 的信息意思一致：当成年人阅读新闻故事时，他们比听或 it all seems to work very well.Would I recommend it? 看相同的片段能记住更多内容，也就是说有纸化学习在 Yes,I think I would,”可以判断，Nick对于与岳母往在一 教育中是不能完全被取代的，答案为C。A项“学生们应 起持积极的态度，故选A,carefree“无忧无虑的”： 该应用多种学习技巧”：B项“牧师应制作自己的教材”：C tolerant'“宽容的”unwilling""不情愿的”。 项“纸质文本在教有中是不能完全被取代的”：D项“课堂 3.C推理判断题。根据第六段中的“Official reports 外的教有不容忽视”， suggest that the number of households with three Passage 2 generations living together had risen from 325.000 in 语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会—科学研究 2001to419,000in2013."和第七段中的“It is said that 生物样本数据的可用性 about 20%of 25-34-year-olds...about 1.8 million. 文章大意：本文主要介绍了一个有关生物样本数据的研究。 可知，作者通过罗列数据来说明他对多代人同住家庭的 文章探究了生物样本数据的可用性，指出了实证研究发现 论述，故C项“公布的数据”正确。 的问题并提出了提高数据质量的措施。 4,D主旨大意题。根据全文中心句“With the young l.B理解具体信息。根据第一段的“Today,nost records unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of of biodiversity are...videos,and other digital records" 知，现在，大多数生物多样性的记录道常以照片、视频和 isolation(孤独），more families are choosing to live together.”可知，本文主要介绍了近年来英国人逃择多代 其他的数字记录形式存在。故选B项。选项中的 “electronie form”是对原文中的“videos,and other digital 人同住的趋势在上升，故选D records”的同义转换。 四科学与技术 2.C理解具体信息。根据第二段的“and since we are 题组一 Passage 1 increasingly using observational data...Are they usable?"可知，Daru及其团队使用观察数据来研究物种 语篇类型：议论文主题语境：人与社会一科学与技 是如何对全球变化作出回应的，他趣知道这些观察数据 术一学习蝶介的选择 是否可用。再根据第三段的内客可知，Dau及其团队使 文章大意：本文探讨了有纸化学习与无纸化学习的区别，并 用一个全球数据集，测被这些数据在多大程度上展示了 提出用纸质书籍更容易让人投入、专心学，而电子书籍更容 实际的全球生物多样性模式。由此可知，D归r山的研究美 易使人分心，故阅读印制品比阅读电子书籍记得更多。 注观察数据。故选C项。A项“潮危物种”：B项“实物标 L.D理解词汇。题千问“第二段中画线短语shine through 本”：C项“观察数据”：D项“手机应用程序” 是什么意思”，A项“似乎不太可能长久”：B项“似乎难以 3.C推断，根据第四段的“We were particularly 解释”：C项“准备好使用”：D项“变得客易被注意到”。本 interested.,,instead of the grass right next to it'”可知 段第一句谈到当阅读几百字或更多字的文本时，有纸化 研究人员对探索可能导致数据偏差的采样的方方面面特 学习通常比在屏幕上学习更成功，接着谈到大量的研究 别感兴趣，比如公民科学家很有可能只拍开花植物而不 证实了这一发现。故画线短语所在部分应该是指从提出 拍它旁边的青草。由此可知，采样方式的不当会导致数 简单的任务转向需要抽象思雏的任务时，这种有纸化阅 据偏差，故速C项。A项“数据分析中的错误”：B项“上 诶的好处尤其明显，也就是说很客易被注意到，答案为D。 传的图片质量差”：D项“数据收集设备不可靠”。 2.A理解具体信息。题干问“·浅化假说？假定了什么”。 4.D理解具体信息。根据第七段的“Biodiversity apps can A项“读者轻摩对待电子文本”：B项“电子文本更容易理 use,..to have an expert confirm the identification of their 解”：C项“人们随机逃择电子文本”：D项“电子文本造用 uploaded image”可知，生物多样性应用程序可以使用 于社交绿体”。根据题千中的shallowing hypothesis可以 Daru他们的研究结果来让用户知道哪些地区是采样过量 将答案定位在第四段中。报据第四段中的“which are 的地区，并且引导他们去对采样不是很好的地方或者物 often not so serious”以及“devote less mental effort”可 种进行采样。为了改善观察数据的质量，生物多样性应 知，在对待电子文本的时候，读者通常不是很严肃，同时 用程序也鼓励用户让专家确认他们上传的图片。结合第 比阅读纸质文本时投入的精力要少，即读者对电子文本 五段的“the people who get.,citizen seientists”可知，这 不是很重视.答案为A。 里的用户指代的是公民科学家。故选D项。A项“检查 3,A理解其体信息。题千问“为什么音频和视频越来越多 特定区城的数据”：B项“雇用专家去检查记录”：C项“确 地被大学教师使用”。A项“它们可以吸引学生的注意 认用户身份”：D项“给公民科学家一些指导” 126 参考答案 Passage 3 3.A细节理解题.根据文章第三段“So,it's been useful 语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会科学与技术 to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to —BMF缩短食物到餐来的距高 avoid any charges when I've moved out.(所以，当我撒出 文章大意：本文介绍了一家首在为人们提供新鲜食材的 去时，知道如何掩盖漏洞并重渐粉刷房间以避免任何费 BMF公可。 用是很有用的。)"可推知，Terri是通过粉饰房间，让它看 L,C推断.根据第一段中的“However,most produce at 起来像以前一样，来避免祓扣除租房的押金的。故选A。 the store went through weeks of travel and covered 4.D细节理解题.透过文章最后一段“the research shows hundreds of miles before reaching the table""Babylon it is women now leading the charge(研究表明，现在是女 Micro-Farm(BMF)shortens it even more'”可知，大部分 性主导了这项运动)”可知，研究表明，DIY将在女性中越 商店的农产品要经历几周的运输并跨越很长距离才能到 来越受欢迎。故选D。 达人们的餐桌。BMF公司大大缩短了这一过程。末句 Passage 5 中的“it”代指前文的“journey”,并和选项C中的 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了印唰书 “distance”构成同义河替换，故法C项。 糖和阅读对人类的重要意义， 2.B理解具体信息。根据第三段中的“there is a 1.A推理判断题。根据全文内客尤其是第一段第一句 convenient app that provides growing data in real time" "Reading Art:Art for Book Lovers is a celebration... 知，有一个便捷的应用程序实时提供（植物的）生长数据， three hundred artworks from museums around the world" 这和B项的意思契合。 可知，《闻读艺术：书籍爱好者的艺术》这本书里展示了来 3,D推断。根据文章宋段中对BMF公司员工的生活和工 自世界各地博物馆的近300件艺术品，本文主要是对该 作情况的描述以及BMF员工的自迷“We are passionate 书内容的介绍。故可以推知，本文最有可能摘自书的序 about reducing waste.carbon and chemicals in our environment'”可知，BMF员工们在目常生活中践行可持 2.C细节理解题。.通过文章第二段“artworks are selected 续发展，大约半敦的员工走路或骑自行车上班。在办公 and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections 空里，他们通过限制垃极桶数量及避免使用一次性塑料 between different eras and cultures.We see scenes of 的方式鼓励回收利用及减少废物。他们都热表于减少环 children learning to read at home or at school,with the 境中的废物，碳和化学物质。摇此可以推断：BMF公司 的员工有着强烈的环保意识，故选D项 book as a focus for relations between the generations. 术品的选择和排列方式强调了不同时代和文化之间的联 4.A理解文章主旨要义。文章首段介绍BMF公司缩短了 系。我们看到孩子们在家里或学校学习阅读的场景，这 食物到餐桌的运输过程，楼着第二至四段介绍了BMF的 本书是几代人之间关系的焦点。)”可知，选定的艺术品是 创斯设计系统及其优势，最后一段介绍了BMF员工在生 关于书精和阅读的。故选C。 活和工作中践行可持续发展。踪上所述，文章从各个方 3.A河句猜测题，根据画线河上文“rtworks are selected 面凸显了BMF的优势 and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections Passage 4 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了一位 between different eras and cultures.We see scenes of DY高手Terri Boltonis的技能以及DIY项目可能会在女 children learning to read at home or at school,with the 性群体中变成一种潮流趋势。 book as a focus for relations between the generations. 1.C词句猜测题。根据文章第一段画线短语下文“Skilled 术品的选择和排列方式强调了不同时代和文化之间的联 at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture,she 系。我们看到孩子们在家里或学校学习阅读的场景，这 never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself. 本书是几代人之间关系的焦点。)”以及“These scenes (地拉长摆架子和拼接家具，从不付线给别人做她自己能 may have been painted hundreds of years ago.but they 徵的工作，)”可推知，此处指Terri Boltonis是一位DY record moments(这些场景可能是数百年前绘制的，但它 高手。C项“A specialist(一位专业人员)”最接近画线短 们记录了一些时刻)”可推知，此处指书籍是人类之间相 语“a dab hand”的意思。故选C 互联系和理解的加带，故与画线短语“relate to”意思最相 2,B推理判断题。根据文章第二段“She credits these 近的为A项“理解、认识到”。故选A skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. 4,A推理判断题。道过文章最后一段“it remains as From the age of six.Terri.now 26.accompanied Derek interactive as any battery-powered e-reader(它仍然像任 to work during her school holidays.A day's work was 何电池供电的电子阅读器一样具有互动性。)”以及 rewarded with￡5 in pocket money..(她将这些技能归功 "printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private. 于地已故的租父兼建筑商Derek Lloyd,从六岁起，现年 “off-line'”activity(印刷书籍仍然提供了完全私人的“离 26岁的Terri就在学校放假期间陪Derek去上班，一天 线”活动的机会。)”可推知，本文作者提到电子阅读器想 的工作得到了5英镑零花线的奖励。)”以及“11t0ok 表达的是印刷书籍并没有完全过时。故选A weeks and it was backbreaking work.but I know he was 题组二 proud of my skills..(这花了几个星期的时间，是一项艰苦 Passage 1 的工作，但我知道他为我的技能感到骄微。)”可护知， 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主题语境是人与社会 Terri的祖父每天给她5英，是作为对地的工作的鼓励. 文章介绍了美目近年来由于分心驾驶导致的交通事故氮发 故远B。 的现状，原因及解决方案， 127 五年高考真题分类·英语 1,A本题为细节理解题。本题题干意为：下面哪个词能最 A.人员的安全：B.来自无人机的协助：C,检查和修理： 好地猫述美国对司机发信息的禁令？ D.基础设施建设。 A,无效的：B.没有必要的：C,不一致的：D.不公平的 根据第三段第二句“It is calculated that European 根据第二段中“Yet the problem,by just about any railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year measure,appears to be getting worse,”可知答素为 on maintenance,including sending maintenance staff. 八项。 often at night,to inspect and repair the rail 2.B本题为细节理解题。本题题千意为：文本分析仪能梧 infrastrueture."(据统计，仅欧洲铁路公司每年在铁路维 助警察壶明什么？ 护上的花货就的为200亿欧元，其中色括经常在夜间派 A.司机来自哪里：B.司机是否使用了手机：C。司机开得 遗雏修人员检查和维修铁路基础设范。》所以， 多么快：D.司机何时到达现场」 maintenance包括对铁路基础设施的检查与维修。可知 极据第五段中“The technology could determine whether a 答案为C项 driver had just texted,emailed or done anything else that D项县有较强千扰性。“infrastrueture'”一词出现在解题 is not allowed...(这项技术能够确定司机刚刚是否发了 关健信息句中，但根据句意，maintenance并非“铁路基础 信息、发了邮件，或者做了其他任何不允许的事 设施建设”，故排除」 情)”，可知答案为B项 3.A本题为推理判断题。本题题千意为：铁路无人机预计 3.D本题为词义猜测题。本题题干意为：最后一段画线单 有什么功能？ 词“something”指的是什么？ A,提供预先警报：B.使火车自动运行：C,为铁路员工襟 A.建议：B.数据：C.测试：D.法律 取利润：D.加递运输。 根据最后一段可知，曾经推行了这个国家关于司机开车 根据第四段第一句“By using the latest【echnologies, 时使用手持设备的2001年禁令的Ortiz说：“我们需要一 drones could also start providing higher-value services for 些能改变人们行为的列入法律的东西。如果这个文本分 railways.detecting faults in the rail or switches,before 析仪法案变成法律的话，人们就会更加害怕把手放手机 they can cause any safety problems."(通过使用最断的技 上了。”所以答案为D项。 术，无人机还可以为铁路提供更高价值的服务，在铁轨或 4,B本题为主旨大意题。本题题千意为：文章的合造标题 铁路的转辙器引发任何安全问题之前就能检测到故障。) 是什么？ 可知答案为A项。 A,开率还是不开车？开之前想明白：B.发信息和开率？ 4,D本题为主旨大意题。本题题千意为：哪一项最适合作 小心文本分析仪：C.组约禁止司机（使用）手持设备：D.下 文章标题？ 一代手机：文本分析仪。 A,无人机可以检测到哪些故障：B.如何护大无人机生产： 根据全文的内容可知，文章重点在介绍针对分心驾驶的 C.无人机发展将面临什么困难：D.无人机将如何改变铁 解决方案，即文本分析仪协助警察，所以答案为B项。 路的未来。 Passage 2 纵规全文，梳理文章站构：第一段通过设问引出话题：无 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主题语境是人与社会，主 人机在铁路倾越的运用：第二段分析将无人机运用于该 题语境内容为科学与技术，文章介绍无人机在铁路安全运 领城的可行性：第三、四段介绍应用后的好处。由此可知 输领城的重要作用。应用当今的“空中之眼”技术，无人机 答案为D项 能在保证铁路安全可靠运行的同时，布助佚路运管商每年 Passage 3 节省数十亿欧元。 【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文，文章主要就通用人工智能 1,A本题为细节理解题。本题题千意为：什么使无人机在 (AGID实现的可能性进行了论述， 铁路线的应用成为可能？ 1.D词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句后面的Fo A.使用无人机检查电线：B.无人机在高海拔工作的能力： example.algorithms (carry out huge volumes of C.无人机设计成本的降低：D,无人机在偏远地区的可靠 trading on our financial markets,self-driving cars are 性能。 appearing on city streets,and our smartphones are 根据第二段前两句“Drones are already being used to translating from one language into another(例如，算法在 examine high-tension electrical lines.They could do 我们的金融市场上进行大量交易，自动驾驶汽车出现在 precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines..."( 城市街道上，我们的智能手机正在从一种语言翻译成另 人机已经被用于检查高压电线。它们可以微完全相同的 一种语言)可知，人工智能在我们生活中用处十分广泛 事情来检查铁路线路…)。可知答案为A项 由此推知，划线词所在句意为“某些形式的人工智能确实 C项具有一定干扰性。根据第二段最后一句“Cots 正在变得无处不在”，即划线词与D选项“Present would be cut and operations would be more efficient everywhere.(在任何地方存在)"意思接近。故选D项。 across the board.”(成本整体会减少和操作整体上将更高 2.A细节理解题。根搭第二段AGI could,its advocates 效，)可知，降低的是铁路运行维护的成本，而不是无人机 say.work for us around the clock,and drawing on all 的设计成本。故播除。 available data,could suggest solutions to many problems 2.C本题为词义猜测题。本题题干意为：第三段画线的 (AG的倍导者说，AGI可以24小时为我们工作，并利用 “naintenance”指代什么内容？ 所有可用的数据，可以提出许多问题的解决方案)可知， 128 参考答案 AGI(通用人工智能)的倍导者认为，AGI(通用人工智能) A.他们喜欢智能手机游戏：B.他们喜欢猜测来电者的身 可以提出许多问題的解决方案，帮助我们解决问题。因 份：C.他们一直用固定电话：D.他们依附他们的家庭， 此，A选项“Help to tackle problems(帮助解决问题)"符 根锅题千中的“Baby Boomers'”将答袋区战迅遠锁定在文 合题意。故选A项， 章第四段中的关能信息“84 pereent of Baby Boomers 3.B排理判断题。根据第三段Since the early days of Al, who've perhaps had the same home number for 50 years. imagination has outpaced what is possible or even (84%的婴儿潮一代可能50年来都拥有相同的家庭号 probable.In 1965.an imaginative mathematician called 码。)”可知，婴儿潮一代保留着使用座机的习惯，故答案 Irving Good predicted the eventual ereation of an "ultra- 为C项。 intelligent machine...that can far surpass all the 4.B本题为推理判断题。本题题千意为：从最后一段中可 intellectual(智力的)activities of any man,however 以推断出美于座机的什么信息？ clever,”(自从人工智能的早期，想象力已经超过了可能， A,它仍然是一件家庭必需品：B.它惑有一天会度弃的： 1965年，一位富有想象力的数学家欧文·古德颅言，最终 C.它可能会增加日常开支：D.它和煤气灯一样重要， 将剑造出一台“短智能机器…它将远远姬过任何一个 根据最后一段的“How long until they go the way of gas 人的智力活动，无论他有多聪明.”)可知，作者认为Irving street lamps and morning milk deliveries?(还有多久座 G00d对“超智能机器”的想象力超出了实现的可能，作者 机就会重蹈街道的煤气路灯和平晨送牛奶服务的覆辙 并不赞成他的观，点，因此B项“disapproving(不赞成)"符 呢？)”，由此推断作者认为将来座机会被淘汰，故答餐为 合题意。故选B项。 B项。 4.A推理判断题。根据文章最后一句And,having A项意义与原文相反，C项在文章中未沙及，D项中的he spoken to many of the world's foremost AI researchers.I gas light已经不再使用，显然不再重要，故很容易排徐A、 believe there is good reason to doubt that we will see A C和D三个错误选项。 GI any time soon,if ever,.(而且，在与世界上许多顶尖的 题组三 人工智能研究人员交该后，我相信有充分的理由怀疑我 Passage 1 们是否会很快看到AGI)可推新出，通用人工智能(AGI) 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主题语境为人与自我， 主宽语境内容为个人生活。本文讲的是主人公四岁因误上 或许只是一个梦想，A选项“It may be only a dream(它也 火车离开家乡被人领养，25年后通过数字地图找到家乡与 许仅仅是一个梦想)”符合题意。故选择A项。 母亲团聚的故事。 Passage 4 1.A本题为细节理解题。本题题干意为：为什么Brierley 【语篇解读】本文为说明文，主题语境是人与社会，主海语 大约25年前与他的家人失数？ 境内容是科技发晨与信息技术创新。文章介绍了在儿乎人 A:他误上了火车：B:他在衡上玩耍的时候迷了路：C:他 人都有手机的今天，为什么超过一半的澳大利亚家庭仍然 被一名外国人带走了：D:他被澳大利亚的一户人家收 保留者座机。 养了。 1,B本题为主旨大意题。本题题干意为：第二段主要告诉 根据第一段中When he woke up and found himself alone, 我们关于手机的什么情况？ the 4-year-old decided his brother might be on the train he A,其目标用户：B.其广泛流行：C,其主要功能：D.其复杂 saw in front of him一so he got on..可知是他误上火车，与 的设计。 家人失散，A选项才是他走失的最直接原因，故选A。 根据第二段第一句“These days you'd be hard pressed to 2.C本题为细节理解题。本题题千意为：Brierley是如何 find anyone in Australia over the age of 15 who doesn't 找到他的家乡的？ own a mobile phone,(如今，在澳大利亚你很难发现15岁 A:通过分析用照片：B:通过在印度全境旅行：C:通过研 以上的人役有手机，)”和第二役中的关键词“plenty of 究电子地图：D:借助他的书传播他的故事 younger kids"“everyone can make and receive calls'"可知， 根据第四段中Then he found a digital mapping program. 手机在澳大利亚非常流行，故答案为B项。 He spent years searching for his hometown in the 2.A本题为词义猜测题。本题题干意为：第三段中的画线 program's satellite pictures.可知，他是通过研究数宇地 河“concede”是什么意思？ 图发现了一个与他记忆中的家乡相符的地方，故选C, A.承认：B.争论：C.记住，D.评论。 3.B本题为推理判断题。本题题千意为：Brierley在采访 根据concede所在的句于可知，三分之一拥有座机的澳大 中主要谈论了什么？ 利亚人不会把它当作一种必需品，而是把它当作一种安 A:他对母亲的爱：B:他与母亲的重聚：C:他漫长的回家 全保障，19%的人永远不会使用它，13%的人保留座机是 之路：D:他对家乡的记忆。 为了预防紧急情况。由此可判断画线单词的意思为“承 根据最后一段的直接引语那分可知，他在采访中讲述的 认”，故选A项。 是他与母亲重聚时的情景，故选B。 如果对词义掌提不熟练，都分学生易误选D项。在平时 Passage 2 的学习中要在具体的语境中琢磨单词的用法，多看单词 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国的 的英文释义，从而准确掌摇河义。 一种自动调节式的交通信号灯。 3.C本题为推理判断题。本题题干意为：关于婴儿潮一 1,C代诃指代题。that位于第二段句首，应是指代第一段 代，我们能说些什么？ 中的内容。根据文章第一段中的“The traffic signals,, 129 五年高考真题分类·英语 By 9:33 a.m..a burst of...Less traffie at 9:37 a.m. 5.B主旨大意题。作者在第一段中抛出话题“声音技术” ·changes..”可以推知，that指代第一段中的多变的交 并在第二、三，四段中介绍了声膏技术领域的三个产品。 通信号灯时间，故选C项， 由此可知，文章主要关注的是声音技术领城的发明，故B 2.D推理判断题。根据文幸第四段中的“.·others are s0 项正确。 jammed that only...'It's not going to fix everything. but adaptive signals have some benefits for smaller 主题语境三人与自然 cities',.”可知，Kevin Balke认为自动调节式的交通信 一自然生态 号灯对小城审的交通改暮是有用的，但对交通堵塞很严 题组一 重的城市而言，作用并不是非常大，故选D项。 Passage 1 3,A推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“the switch to 语篇类型：应用文主题语境：人与自然一人与环境 adaptive signals has been a lesson in the value of 卡洛秋季機步健身活动 welcoming new approaches”可推知，从Bellevue装自动调 文章大意：本文主要介绍了卡洛税季步行节给新手，有经脸 节式交通信号灯一事上不难发现，它的成功在于积极尝 的或高阶的徒步者提供的四条徒步旅行线路的茎本信息， 试新事物，故选A项。 l.D理解具体信息。根据四条线路中的Walk Duration部 Passage 3 分的信息我们可以得知，四条线路的徒步时长分别为6 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了有挑战 小时，5小时、3小时和1.5小时。故Photographic Walk 性的工作能够让人更好地保持大脑的活力。 in Kilbrannish Forest用时最短。故选D项。 l.D如节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“assessed the 2.A理解具体信息，根据Walk3一Moonlight Under the volunteers'memory and thinking skills'”可知，科学家对这 Stars中的“A toreh(手电简)along with suitable clothing 些志愿者进行测试，主要是来研究和评估他们的记忆力 is essential for walking in the dark.Those who are 和思考能力，故选D项。 dressed inappropriately will be refused permission to 2.B推理判断题。根据丈章第四段中的“This works just participa1e”可知，穿着不当的人将被拒绝参加该活动，即 like physical exercise,.”可知，Francisca Then是通连 参加Wk3的徒步者需要穿着合适的衣。故选A项 与体育般炼作比较来解释他的发现的，采用的方法是“对 B项“加入徒步俱乐部”：C项“获得特别许可证”：D项“携 比法”，故选B项。 带生存指南”。 3,C标题判断题。根据全文内客和第一段中的 3.D理解具体信息。根据四条线路中的Date and Time那 "Challenging work...might help your brain stay sharp 分的信息可知，四项活动的举办时间都是在周六或者周 as you age,”可知，本文主要说明了有挑战性的工作能 目，故选D项。A项“它们涉及国难的攀爬”：B项“它们 是为有经验的徙步者茶办的”：C项“它们有共同的起 更好地让你保持敏锐的头脑，故选C项 点”：D项“它们被安排在周末” Passage 4 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了声音技术领 Passage 2 【语篇解读】本文是说明文，讲述了美国灰熊从流危物种 城的三项发明。 恢复到2000多头，但也带来了一些问题 l,A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It produces a L.A细节理解题。根据第一段中“Grizzly bears,which deafening sound so painful that it temporarily disables a person.”可知，远程定向声波发射器会发出一种震耳狱 may grow to about 2.5 m long and weigh over 400 kg. occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche-we 年的声音，这种声音让人非常瑞苦，会使人暂时残疾。由 revere them even as they give us frightening dreams. 此可知，这种哲时残疾就是惭时性失聪，故A项正确。 熊可以长到2.5米长，体重超过400公斤，在美国人的心 2.D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Well,it functions by 理中占据着一个齐盾的角落一即使它们给我们带来可 analyzing the waves of the incoming sound and creating a 怕的梦，我们也数畏它们。)”可知，美国人对灰熊既有害 second set of outgoing waves ..and your peace and 怕，文有数最，他们的情感是混合的。故选A项。 quiet comes back."可知，Silence Machine能逯免你不想 2.C推理判斯题。根据第三段最后一句“In1975. 听到的声音影响你，故D项正确。 grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act. 3.D细节理解题。根据第四较中的“A spotlight lights up (1975年，灰熊被列入《濒危物种法》。)”以及第四段 only one section of a stage:similarly,a 'spotsound' "Today,there are about 2,000 or more grizzly bears in creates a circle of sound in one targeted area.”可知， the U.S..Their recovery has been so suecessful that the spotsound和spotlight的共同点是它们可以被发射到一 U.S.Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to 个特定的区城，故D项正确。 delist grizzlies.which would loosen legal protections and 4.C细节理解题。根据第四段中的“This can be useful for allow them to be hunted..(如今，头国大约有2000只或更 businesses ..Restaurants can offer a choice of music 多的灰熊。它们的恢复非常成功，以至于美国鱼类和野 along with the various food choices on the menu.allowing 生动物管理局两次试图将灰黛从名单上徐名，这将放松 customers more control over the atmosphere in which 对灰熊的法律保护，允许它们被猎杀。)”可推知，由于 t小ney are dining.”可知，directed sound可以用于公司为顾 1975年起受法律保护，灰熊的数量有了增长。故选 客提供不同的音乐，故C项正确。 C项。 130