精品解析：河北省承德市高中2023-2024学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题

承德市高中2023-2024学年第二学期期末考试 英语试卷 注意事项: 1.答题前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例:How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C. 1.When will Tom come? A.4:50. B.4:30. C.4:20. 2. Where does the conversation most probably take place? A. At home. B. In a restaurant. C.At the market. 3.What did the man do last night? A. He stayed at home talking with his friend. B.He watched television with his friend. C.He went to see his schoolmate. 4. What does the man mean? A. He must hand in a report about the museum. B.He has already visited the museum. C. He is too busy to go with the woman. 5. Why is the man unable to answer the woman's questions A. He doesn't have time. B. He is too tired after class. C.He is shopping. 第二节(共15小题:每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B.C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。 6. What does the woman think of working in IT? A. The work is not good. B. The work is very hard. C. The work has two advantages, 7.What suggestion does the woman give to the man? A. Don't work in IT. B.Avoid high blood pressure. C.Take better care of himself. 听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。 8. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers? A. Workmates. B. Husband and wife.C. Father and daughter. 9.Why did the man go to Fortaleza? A. To do some shopping. B.To enjoy the scenery, C. To go on a business trip. 听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。 10.What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A rock band. B. A jazz band. C. A performance, 11.Why did the man name his band “The Sand”? A. Sand can cool one down. B.Sand means being tough and independent. C. Sand is small and cannot be shaped. 12. Why did the band get a new member years ago? A. One of its members died. B. Its audience became larger, C. The market for rock music was growing. 听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。 13.Where is Donny now? A. At home. B. On his way home. C. In a cinema. 14. Why did Donny fail to answer the phone at 8:00? A. His phone wasn't on. B. He didn't hear it. C.He was busy, 15.What was Donny doing at 9:00? A. He was buying a ticket. C.He was drinking coffee. C. He was watching a film. 16. What did Donny talk about with the manager? A. Making a complaint, B. Applying for a job. C. Getting his money back. 听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。 17.What did the speaker treat painting as in the beginning? A. A job. B.A dream. C.A hobby. 18How often does the speaker paint now? A.Three days a week. B. Five days a week. C.Every evening. 19.When did the speaker start her painting? A. In the primary school. B.In the middle school. C. In the high school. 20.What will the listeners do after watching a video? A.Learn to paint. B. Leave for another place.C.Have a coffee break. 第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Sea Turtle Conservation Ambassador Sea turtles are endangered globally, and several species in the eastern Pacific are nearing extinction. Volunteers are crucial for preserving the sea turtle species on Costa Rica’s Pacific coast, Our program is officially certified, so we must follow established guidelines to ensure its proper functioning. 1. Respect schedule work. 2. Avoid any activities that impair your ability to work or follow the rules while in the camp and the nursery or during work hours. You will have days off to enjoy as you wish. 3. Respect the rest times in the camp. 4. Respect the staff and the other volunteers. 5. Anyone who is not in a fit state to work will be prevented from entering the camp. Turtle season Mums laying eggs — June, July, August, September, October, and November Baby turtles hatching-August, September, October, November, December, and January. Volunteer obligations turtle season Beach cleaning, maintenance of the hatchery, turtle patrolling, hatchery care shifts, and wildlife monitoring. Time commitment From Monday to Saturday Daily task 9:30 am — 11:00 am, 3:00 pm — 5:00 pm Cleaning the camp is the task of the volunteers, so our camp coordinator will assign them tasks to carry out in the camp to keep it clean and tidy. Free-time activities Volunteers can expect between 3 and 6 hours of work per day 6 days per week. This leaves plenty of time to explore the beautiful country of Costa Rica and experience all of the activities it has to offer. There is a surfing school down the road from the conservation that offers surf lessons and rentals. Beach horseback riding is available just minutes from the site location. 1. What is forbidden to do in the camp? A. Drinking alcohol. B. Eating on the beach. C. Having days off. D. Chatting with the staff. 2. Which of the following is a volunteer’s working time? A. 10:00 pm, Friday. B. 9:00 am, Monday. C. 10:00 am, Sunday. D. 4:00 pm, Saturday. 3. What free-time activity is available just minutes from the conservation site? A. Mountain climbing. B. Beach horseback riding. C. Surfing on the sea beach. D. Learning diving at a surfing school. B A dad from Texas didn’t miss a beat when it came to supporting his daughter recently. Cecelia Simmons shared a video of her husband, Andre Simmons, dancing in the stands while their daughter Jazlyn and her Temple High School cheer team performed. In the video, as the cheer team members raise the small balls and go through their routine, Andre Simmons follows right along, nailing the moves right alongside them. The post shared on social media has obtained over 312,000 views. With tens of thousands of overwhelmingly positive comments on his post, people online quickly shared their reactions. They recommended Andre Simmons as “Cheer Dad of the Year” or applauded his energy and spot-on moves. Simmons himself was quick to say he’s not the best dancer and it took him a few days to learn the routine. “Once I got it down pat, I just jumped up there when I heard the band finally bring the song up and I got up there and did it with her,” he said. But the father of five said he persisted because he wanted to create a lifelong memory with his girl Jazlyn, mostly because he was constantly away for work, thereby affording limited opportunities to be in the company of her. “Since she made the cheer team, that was my way of supporting her and kind of relieving the guilt of the lost time. She thought I was doing things that she loved and surprising her with joining her in the cheer during the football game,” Simmons said. Simmons said Jazlyn and her cheer team friends were surprised and “absolutely loved” that he could join in on the fun. The proud dad said it meant “the world” to him to be able to be there for his daughter too. “I love to try to be a super dad when I’m here and create those lifelong memories and it’s something for us to look back on and enjoy together,” he said and planned on cheering some more and making more memories with Jazlyn. 4. What did Andre Simmons do at his daughter’s cheer performance? A. He danced with the team. B. He filmed the performance. C. He coached the cheer team. D. He cheered from the stands. 5. How did people find Andre Simmons’ behavior? A. Amusing. B. Disturbing. C. Odd. D. Admirable. 6. Why did Andre Simmons make such a decision? A. To win the title of “Cheer Dad of the Year”. B. To show off his newly learned dancing skills. C. To be the focus of attention on the Internet. D. To make up for being absent from Jazlyn’s life. 7. Which words can best describe Andre Simmons? A. Bearable and cautious. B. Selfless and cooperative. C. Supportive and caring. D. Ambitious and sensitive. C In present-day Romania, a decreasing number of craftsmen practice what’s thought to be a centuries-old craft. They search the forest for a fungus (真菌), which grows within trees and sends out shelf-like mushrooms a few inches wide. The fungus is shaved lengthwise into thin strips. Those strips are then stretched to form broad sheets, which can be crafted into hats, bags, jewelry, and ornaments. As far back as 1903, Tlingit craftsmen in what is now the state of Alaska were recorded crafting purses out of a material from agarikon fungus. However, the craftsmen’s process in the early times was about searching for materials, not cultivating them for mass production. Today, the biotechnology company MycoWorks in the US is pioneering in cultivating mycelium (菌丝). Mycelium is a structural wonder — soft, dense, and strong, making it a great potential replacement for leather. The operation starts with agricultural waste like sawdust (锯末), which is heated to remove existing microbial life. Once done, it goes into deep plates of varying sizes. Then fungus joins the party, digesting and growing. In some cases, fabric can be added for the mycelium to weave around. The sheet of mycelium is eventually peeled off the wood blocks, and growth comes to an end. It can be easily mistaken for traditional leather. MycoWorks is one of a wave of innovators, all of whom assume that a better understanding of mycelium can redefine the limits of fashion and design. In recent years, MycoWorks’ products have been used in designer bags and pillows. CEO Matt Scullin praises mycelium as a material in fashion, “It has a bit of a soft touch, and it has a bounce. It can absorb the oil s and heat from your fingers when you touch it.” “The early efforts appear to be more moral, and improve eco-footprint. Products made from such material are fully biodegradable — allowing for a future in which dealing with an old pair of shoes might mean simply composting (堆肥) them,” he added. 8. What is the author’s purpose in writing the first paragraph? A. To stress the history of growing mushrooms. B. To introduce a fashion inspired by mushrooms. C. To show ancient mushroom growing techniques. D. To present the novel use of mushrooms in fashion. 9. What does paragraph 3 focus on about mycelium? A. Its growing process. B. Its high quality. C. Its shortcomings. D. Its working life. 10. What does Matt Scullin think of mycelium as a material in the field? A. It is straightforward to grow. B. It offers a rough feel. C. It promotes sustainability. D. It is oil-and-heat resistant. 11. Which can be the best title for the text? A. Fungus Crafts: An Endangered Heritage B. Mycelium: The Green Leather Alternative C. Crafting with Nature: Romania’s Fungal Tradition D. Mycelium’s Role: From Ancient Craft to Modern Innovation D When you hear the word “uncertainty”, how do you feel? Scared, anxious, excited or challenged? With many global challenges still ongoing, we are likely to face even more of the unknown, so we had better get accustomed to managing it. So how do we detect uncertainty and which part of the brain is responsible for it? Researchers have found that noradrenaline (去甲肾上腺素) is the key chemical involved in our response to uncertainty. To investigate the role noradrenaline plays when we are faced with uncertain events, scientists at Massachusetts Institute of Technology conducted an experiment with mice. The animals were trained to push a lever (杠杆) down when they heard a high frequency noise. If they did this, they were rewarded with a drink of water. They were also trained to learn that they’d receive an unpleasant puff of air if the lever was activated when a low frequency noise was played. But the researchers added in an element of uncertainty by including a sound where the frequency was unclear. From this experiment, the researchers discovered that a small part in the brain called the locus coeruleus — an area that modulates noradrenaline — was essential in detecting uncertainty. When the high frequency was clear and the reward was expected for the mice, their noradrenaline release was small. But when the outcome wasn’t clear, and the reward was a surprise, the release was much larger. This was how the mice’s brains learned to deal with uncertainty. A study with humans was also carried out. They discovered that the subjects’ neurons (神经元) in the prefrontal cortex (前额叶皮质) respond much more to loss than to gain. Namely, this area rules our avoidance behaviour when we are under stress. This helps us understand our unwillingness to expose ourselves to uncertainty. Once we understand that our cognitive and emotional responses to uncertainty are a necessary part of the human experience. Acknowledge instead of fear them perhaps making big decisions can seem less stressful. 12. What is the uncertainty in the experiment with mice? A. The high frequency noise. B. A drink of water as a reward. C. The action to push a lever down. D. The noise with unclear frequency. 13. What does the underlined word “modulates” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Removes. B. Adjusts. C. Lessens. D. Boosts. 14. How does the prefrontal cortex influence our choices when we’re stressed? A. By seeking rewarding outcome. B. By maintaining balance. C. By avoiding negative outcome. D. By reducing uncertainty. 15. What does the author want to tell us in the text? A. Responses to uncertainty come naturally. B. Uncertainty gives birth to potential risks. C. Experiments can predict expected outcomes. D. Noradrenaline tends to result from uncertainty. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Language is powerful.____16____ By using positive words, we can turn bad stories into good messages that help us grow and feel happy. Research in neuroscience (神经科学) shows that the words we use can greatly affect our brain and mindset. ____17____ They increase our motivation, resilience (适应力), and optimism. Negative words, however, can cause stress and make it harder to see opportunities and solutions. ____18____Simple word changes can make a big difference. For example, instead of saying “I can’t do it”, we say “I will try my best”. This small change can make us feel stronger and more ready to face challenges. Focusing on strengths and potential, instead of weaknesses, can boost self-confidence. Instead of saying “I’m not good enough”, we say “I am getting better and better”, This shows our progress and helps us have a positive view of our growth. Changing our words can also improve how we talk to others and build relationships. Using positive language, like showing appreciation and giving encouragement, creates a supportive environment. For example, instead of saying “You always make mistakes”, we say “I believe you can learn and improve”. ____19____ Being aware of our thoughts helps us catch negative patterns and choose positive words. It also helps us understand our feelings better. ____20____ Techniques like visualization, appreciation, and gratitude are powerful tools to make our mindset and language more positive. A Such words can make you feel depressive B. This leads to better communication and problem-solving C. Practicing self-awareness is another aspect of handling words D. One way to change is to replace negative words with positive ones E. Positive words make brain areas related to reward and happiness active F. The language we use shows our thoughts and affects our feelings and actions G. In this way, we can better use techniques to improve our mindset and language 第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。 One night, in September last year, Patricia Nieshoff realized that something was very wrong with her three-year-old son. He was sleeping nearby, and she watched in___21___as he moved his arms and legs around___22___and then became unconscious (昏迷的). She called911 after trying to wake him up with no___23___. When the ambulance___24___, everyone was out in the street. Her neighbors were looking worried and gesturing to her. “But I was so___25___ on my son. I left the front door of the home wide open, and I___26___everything, getting into the ambulance," Nieshoff recalled. In the hospital, Nieshoff was___27___ that her son had experienced a grand mal seizure (癫痫发作). The doctors___28___ his condition after a CT scan.With no family nearby, she was scared. And then, less than an hour later, familiar___29___appeared at the door. “It was Chris and Roseline, my____30____,” said Nieshoff. After the ambulance left, they____31____that the front door was left open. Chris and Roseline went inside, picked up Nieshoff’s wallet, keys and phone, and then locked the door. Chris even____32____one of her son’s toys to comfort him. Then they called all the local hospitals to ____33____where Nieshoff was. Chris and Roseline stayed through the night, accompanying Nieshoff and drove them____34____early the next morning. Later on,whenever Nieshoff____35____ it, she has thought a lot about their neighbors’ extraordinary gesture of kindness. 21. A. shock B. anger C. excitement D. peace 22. A. respectively B. irregularly C. creatively D. fortunately 23. A. luck B. relief C. delay D. success 24. A. moved around B. turned out C. pulled up D. settled down 25. A. dependent B. focused C. insistent D. hard 26. A. left B. purchased C. brought D. prepared 27 A. worried B. fearful C. aware D. glad 28. A. improved B. promoted C. followed D. evaluated 29. A. characters B. frames C. faces D. shapes 30. A. colleagues B. neighbors C. friends D. relatives 31. A. noticed B. witnessed C. inferred D. decided 32. A. begged B. removed C. delivered D. grabbed 33. A. guess B. predict C. identify D. believe 34. A. backwards B. home C. forwards D. abroad 35. A. recalls B. forgets C. examines D. calculates 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 An exhibition showing the significant archaeological (考古的) discoveries along the Grand Canal opened in Jiangsu Province on Tuesday____36____ (mark) the 10th anniversary of the ancient artificial waterway____37____ (successful) being listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The exhibition ____38____ (hold) in the China Grand Canal Museum in the city of Yangzhou had more than 240 pieces of items from provincial-level____39____ (region) along the canal on display, most of____40____were made public for the first time. A brick with inscriptions from the Sui Dynasty, a Tang tri-colored glazed ceramic woman figurine playing polo and____41____ bluish-white glazed bowl with flower carvings from the Song Dynasty are among the displayed items. Guided____42____the National Cultural Heritage Administration, the exhibition will last till August 14. Over the past few years, more than 200 archaeological projects related to the Grand Canal____43____ (carry) out in eight provinces and municipalities, and more than 60 of ____44____ (they) have yielded significant results. Among them, seven have been considered to be the top 10_____45_____ (year) archaeological discoveries in the country. With a history of more than 2,500 years, the Grand Canal, connecting Beijing and Hangzhou, served as a significant transportation artery in ancient China. 第四部分 写作(共两节,满分 40分)第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，最近你的英语老师(Jessica)提出了一项新的学习计划，即利用下午的自习时间增加30分钟的英语互动活动。请你给她写一封信，内容包括： 1.你对这项学习计划的看法； 2.你的建议。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Jessica, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Sincerely, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was shy when I was little. Kids, adults, pretty much everyone made me nervous. I was also what most teachers and parents would call a “good kid”. I followed the rules, got good grades in school and rarely questioned authority. But then one day, one single ride on a school bus changed all that. The school bus that day was crowded, hot, humid and smelly. Most of the other kids were busy with conversations, arguments and games. Only a few of my classmates were looking through the windows at the water filling the street. It was raining too hard. The road outside looked like a flooded stream. I sat alone as usual, speaking to no one. Suddenly I saw a kitty on the other side of the road. Poor cat, I thought. He was all wet and didn't seem to know where to go to get out of the rain. I wanted to go and get the kitty, but I knew that the bus driver, Mrs Foster, would never allow me off the bus.It was against the rules to even stand up. I would get in big trouble for trying to rescue a cat.I also thought that the other kids would laugh at the animal that was dripping wet. They would see his misery (悲惨) as their entertainment. I could see him shaking. His movements revealed a level of fear that I had never witnessed before. My heart was racing. Tears were rolling down my cheeks. I wanted to rush off the bus without asking permission, and pull the cat from the rain, and wrap it up in my warm jacket, But I also pictured getting into trouble before the cat could be saved, the other kids staring and laughing. I sat motionless, unable to act. I was sure that I heard his terrified meow. 注意: 1.续写词数应为150个左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Somehow, I managed to stand up, crying,“Mrs Foster!” ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Mrs Foster grabbed the cat, returned to the bus, handed it to me, and asked how to handle it. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 承德市高中2023-2024学年第二学期期末考试 英语试卷 注意事项: 1.答题前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例:How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C. 1.When will Tom come? A.4:50. B.4:30. C.4:20. 2. Where does the conversation most probably take place? A. At home. B. In a restaurant. C.At the market. 3.What did the man do last night? A. He stayed at home talking with his friend. B.He watched television with his friend. C.He went to see his schoolmate. 4. What does the man mean? A. He must hand in a report about the museum. BHe has already visited the museum. C. He is too busy to go with the woman. 5. Why is the man unable to answer the woman's questions A. He doesn't have time. B. He is too tired after class. C.He is shopping. 第二节(共15小题:每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B.C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。 6. What does the woman think of working in IT? A. The work is not good. B. The work is very hard. C. The work has two advantages, 7.What suggestion does the woman give to the man? A. Don't work in IT. BAvoid high blood pressure. C.Take better care of himself. 听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。 8. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers? A. Workmates. B. Husband and wife.C. Father and daughter. 9.Why did the man go to Fortaleza? A. To do some shopping. B.To enjoy the scenery, C. To go on a business trip. 听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。 10.What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A rock band. B. A jazz band. C. A performance, 11.Why did the man name his band “The Sand”? A. Sand can cool one down. B.Sand means being tough and independent. C. Sand is small and cannot be shaped. 12. Why did the band get a new member years ago? A. One of its members died. B. Its audience became larger, C. The market for rock music was growing. 听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。 13.Where is Donny now? A. At home. B. On his way home. C. In a cinema. 14. Why did Donny fail to answer the phone at 8:00? A. His phone wasn't on. B. He didn't hear it. C.He was busy 15.What was Donny doing at 9:00? A. He was buying a ticket. C.He was drinking coffee. C. He was watching a film. 16. What did Donny talk about with the manager? A. Making a complaint, B. Applying for a job. C. Getting his money back. 听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。 17.What did the speaker treat painting as in the beginning? A. A job. B.A dream. C.A hobby. 18.How often does the speaker paint now? A.Three days a week. B. Five days a week. C.Every evening. 19.When did the speaker start her painting? A. In the primary school. B.In the middle school. C. In the high school. 20.What will the listeners do after watching a video? A.Learn to paint. B. Leave for another place.C.Have a coffee break. 第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Sea Turtle Conservation Ambassador Sea turtles are endangered globally, and several species in the eastern Pacific are nearing extinction. Volunteers are crucial for preserving the sea turtle species on Costa Rica’s Pacific coast, Our program is officially certified, so we must follow established guidelines to ensure its proper functioning. 1. Respect schedule work. 2. Avoid any activities that impair your ability to work or follow the rules while in the camp and the nursery or during work hours. You will have days off to enjoy as you wish. 3. Respect the rest times in the camp. 4. Respect the staff and the other volunteers. 5. Anyone who is not in a fit state to work will be prevented from entering the camp. Turtle season Mums laying eggs — June, July, August, September, October, and November Baby turtles hatching-August, September, October, November, December, and January. Volunteer obligations turtle season Beach cleaning, maintenance of the hatchery, turtle patrolling, hatchery care shifts, and wildlife monitoring. Time commitment From Monday to Saturday Daily task 9:30 am — 11:00 am, 3:00 pm — 5:00 pm Cleaning the camp is the task of the volunteers, so our camp coordinator will assign them tasks to carry out in the camp to keep it clean and tidy. Free-time activities Volunteers can expect between 3 and 6 hours of work per day 6 days per week. This leaves plenty of time to explore the beautiful country of Costa Rica and experience all of the activities it has to offer. There is a surfing school down the road from the conservation that offers surf lessons and rentals. Beach horseback riding is available just minutes from the site location. 1. What is forbidden to do in the camp? A. Drinking alcohol. B. Eating on the beach. C. Having days off. D. Chatting with the staff. 2. Which of the following is a volunteer’s working time? A. 10:00 pm, Friday. B. 9:00 am, Monday. C. 10:00 am, Sunday. D. 4:00 pm, Saturday. 3. What free-time activity is available just minutes from the conservation site? A. Mountain climbing. B. Beach horseback riding. C. Surfing on the sea beach. D. Learning diving at a surfing school. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一个保护海龟的志愿者活动。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Avoid any activities that impair your ability to work or follow the rules while in the camp and the nursery or during work hours.(在营地和托儿所或工作时间内，避免任何损害您工作能力或遵守规则的活动)”可知，在营地里禁止喝酒。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“From Monday to Saturday (星期一至星期六)”以及“9:30 am-11:00 am, 3:00 pm-5:00 pm(上午9:30 -11:00，下午3:00 -5:00)”可知，星期六下午4点志愿者的工作时间。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Beach horseback riding is available just minutes from the site location. (海滩骑马只需几分钟就可以到达)”可知，距离保护区只有几分钟路程的地方可以海滩骑马。故选B。 B A dad from Texas didn’t miss a beat when it came to supporting his daughter recently. Cecelia Simmons shared a video of her husband, Andre Simmons, dancing in the stands while their daughter Jazlyn and her Temple High School cheer team performed. In the video, as the cheer team members raise the small balls and go through their routine, Andre Simmons follows right along, nailing the moves right alongside them. The post shared on social media has obtained over 312,000 views. With tens of thousands of overwhelmingly positive comments on his post, people online quickly shared their reactions. They recommended Andre Simmons as “Cheer Dad of the Year” or applauded his energy and spot-on moves. Simmons himself was quick to say he’s not the best dancer and it took him a few days to learn the routine. “Once I got it down pat, I just jumped up there when I heard the band finally bring the song up and I got up there and did it with her,” he said. But the father of five said he persisted because he wanted to create a lifelong memory with his girl Jazlyn, mostly because he was constantly away for work, thereby affording limited opportunities to be in the company of her. “Since she made the cheer team, that was my way of supporting her and kind of relieving the guilt of the lost time. She thought I was doing things that she loved and surprising her with joining her in the cheer during the football game,” Simmons said. Simmons said Jazlyn and her cheer team friends were surprised and “absolutely loved” that he could join in on the fun. The proud dad said it meant “the world” to him to be able to be there for his daughter too. “I love to try to be a super dad when I’m here and create those lifelong memories and it’s something for us to look back on and enjoy together,” he said and planned on cheering some more and making more memories with Jazlyn. 4. What did Andre Simmons do at his daughter’s cheer performance? A. He danced with the team. B. He filmed the performance. C. He coached the cheer team. D. He cheered from the stands. 5. How did people find Andre Simmons’ behavior? A. Amusing. B. Disturbing. C. Odd. D. Admirable. 6. Why did Andre Simmons make such a decision? A. To win the title of “Cheer Dad of the Year”. B. To show off his newly learned dancing skills. C. To be the focus of attention on the Internet. D. To make up for being absent from Jazlyn’s life. 7. Which words can best describe Andre Simmons? A. Bearable and cautious. B. Selfless and cooperative. C. Supportive and caring. D. Ambitious and sensitive. 【答案】4. A 5. D 6. D 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是Andre Simmons在他女儿Jazlyn和她的高中啦啦队表演时，与她们一起跳舞以此支持女儿并弥补因工作繁忙而错过的陪伴时光，创造了难忘的记忆。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Cecelia Simmons shared a video of her husband, Andre Simmons, dancing in the stands while their daughter Jazlyn and her Temple High School cheer team performed. (Cecelia Simmons分享了她丈夫Andre Simmons在看台上跳舞的视频，而他们的女儿Jazlyn和她的Temple高中啦啦队在表演。)”可知，当Andre Simmons的女儿Jazlyn和她所在的啦啦队正在表演时，他在看台上跳舞。故选A。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“ With tens of thousands of overwhelmingly positive comments on his post, people online quickly shared their reactions. They recommended Andre Simmons as “Cheer Dad of the Year” or applauded his energy and spot-on moves. Simmons himself was quick to say he’s not the best dancer and it took him a few days to learn the routine.(他的帖子得到了数以万计的正面评论，网友们迅速分享了他们的反应。他们推荐Andre Simmons为“年度最佳加油爸爸”，或者称赞他的精力和精准的动作。Andre Simmons自己很快就说他不是最好的舞者，他花了几天时间来学习舞蹈。)”可知，Andre Simmons的视频获得了很多的正面评论，大家推荐Andre Simmons为“年度最佳加油爸爸”，为他的活力和到位动作喝彩。故选D。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“But the father of five said he persisted because he wanted to create a lifelong memory with his girl Jazlyn, mostly because he was constantly away for work, thereby affording limited opportunities to be in the company of her. (但这位五个孩子的父亲说，他之所以坚持这样做，是因为他想和他的女儿Jazlyn一起创造一个终生的回忆，主要是因为他经常出差，因此很少有机会陪伴她。)”可知，由于工作原因，Andre Simmons很少陪伴自己的女儿，因此想以此方式来支持并弥补她。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，Andre Simmons在他女儿Jazlyn 和她的高中啦啦队表演时与她们一起跳舞以此支持女儿并弥补因工作繁忙而错过的陪伴时光，创造了难忘的记忆。由此可知， Andre Simmons是一位给予女儿支持与关爱的父亲。C选项“Supportive and caring.(支持和关心。)”能够最好的概括该位父亲。故选C。 C In present-day Romania, a decreasing number of craftsmen practice what’s thought to be a centuries-old craft. They search the forest for a fungus (真菌), which grows within trees and sends out shelf-like mushrooms a few inches wide. The fungus is shaved lengthwise into thin strips. Those strips are then stretched to form broad sheets, which can be crafted into hats, bags, jewelry, and ornaments. As far back as 1903, Tlingit craftsmen in what is now the state of Alaska were recorded crafting purses out of a material from agarikon fungus. However, the craftsmen’s process in the early times was about searching for materials, not cultivating them for mass production. Today, the biotechnology company MycoWorks in the US is pioneering in cultivating mycelium (菌丝). Mycelium is a structural wonder — soft, dense, and strong, making it a great potential replacement for leather. The operation starts with agricultural waste, like sawdust (锯末), which is heated to remove existing microbial life. Once done, it goes into deep plates of varying sizes. Then fungus joins the party, digesting and growing. In some cases, fabric can be added for the mycelium to weave around. The sheet of mycelium is eventually peeled off the wood blocks, and growth comes to an end. It can be easily mistaken for traditional leather. MycoWorks is one of a wave of innovators, all of whom assume that a better understanding of mycelium can redefine the limits of fashion and design. In recent years, MycoWorks’ products have been used in designer bags and pillows. CEO Matt Scullin praises mycelium as a material in fashion, “It has a bit of a soft touch, and it has a bounce. It can absorb the oil s and heat from your fingers when you touch it.” “The early efforts appear to be more moral, and improve eco-footprint. Products made from such material are fully biodegradable — allowing for a future in which dealing with an old pair of shoes might mean simply composting (堆肥) them,” he added. 8. What is the author’s purpose in writing the first paragraph? A. To stress the history of growing mushrooms. B. To introduce a fashion inspired by mushrooms. C. To show ancient mushroom growing techniques. D. To present the novel use of mushrooms in fashion. 9. What does paragraph 3 focus on about mycelium? A. Its growing process. B. Its high quality. C. Its shortcomings. D. Its working life. 10. What does Matt Scullin think of mycelium as a material in the field? A. It is straightforward to grow. B. It offers a rough feel. C. It promotes sustainability. D. It is oil-and-heat resistant. 11. Which can be the best title for the text? A. Fungus Crafts: An Endangered Heritage B. Mycelium: The Green Leather Alternative C. Crafting with Nature: Romania’s Fungal Tradition D. Mycelium’s Role: From Ancient Craft to Modern Innovation 【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是一种用菌类制作的皮革材料用于时尚业的新技术。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据首段中的“Those strips are then stretched to form broad sheets, which can be crafted into hats, bags, jewelry, and ornaments. As far back as 1903, Tlingit craftsmen in what is now the state of Alaska were recorded crafting purses out of a material from agarikon fungus.(然后这些条被拉伸成宽片，可以制作成帽子、包、珠宝和装饰品。早在1903年，在现在的阿拉斯加州，有记载称特林吉特工匠用一种来自蘑菇的材料制作钱包。)”可知，罗马尼亚人和特林吉特工匠用菌类作为皮革材料制作包，由此可知，第一段的目的是展示蘑菇在时尚中的新用途。故选D项。 【9题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“The operation starts with agricultural waste, like sawdust (锯末), which is heated to remove existing microbial life. Once done, it goes into deep plates of varying sizes. Then fungus joins the party, digesting and growing. In some cases, fabric can be added for the mycelium to weave around. The sheet of mycelium is eventually peeled off the wood blocks, and growth comes to an end.(该操作从农业废物开始，如锯末，加热以去除现有的微生物生命。一旦完成，它就会被放入不同大小的深盘子中。然后真菌加入进来，消化和生长。在某些情况下，可以添加织物使菌丝体在周围编织。菌丝体最终从木块上脱落，生长结束。)”可知，此处介绍的是菌丝培养是从加热农业废物开始，完成后放入深盘子中，真菌消化生长，也可以添加织物使菌丝在其周围编织，最后从木块脱落，生长结束，由此可知，第二段主要关注的是从开始加热锯末到最终长成的过程。故选A项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据尾段中的“CEO Matt Scullin praises mycelium as a material in fashion, “It has a bit of a soft touch, and it has a bounce. It can absorb the oil s and heat from your fingers when you touch it.” “The early efforts appear to be more moral, and improve eco-footprint. Products made from such material are fully biodegradable — allowing for a future in which dealing with an old pair of shoes might mean simply composting (堆肥) them,” he added.(首席执行官马特·斯卡林称赞菌丝体是一种时尚材料，“它有一点柔软的触感，它有弹性。当你触摸它时，它可以吸收手指上的油和热量。“早期的努力似乎更符合道德，并改善了生态足迹。”由这种材料制成的产品是完全可生物降解的，未来处理一双旧鞋可能意味着简单的堆肥”他补充道。)”可知，首席执行官马特·斯卡林称赞菌丝体是一种时尚材料，他认为这种材料制成的产品是完全可以生物降解的，由此可知，马特·斯卡林认为菌丝体作为该领域的一种材料促进可持续性。故选C项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据首段介绍的罗马尼亚人和特林吉特工匠用菌类作为皮革材料制作包引出本文的话题——菌类在时尚中的新用途，结合第二段中的“Today, the biotechnology company MycoWorks in the US is pioneering in cultivating mycelium (菌丝). Mycelium is a structural wonder—soft, dense, and strong, making it a great potential replacement for leather.(今天，美国的生物技术公司MycoWorks是培养菌丝体的先驱。菌丝体是一种结构奇迹——柔软、致密、坚固，使其成为皮革的潜在替代品。)”以及下文中介绍的菌丝的培养过程和马特·斯卡林对菌丝体作为时尚界的一种材料的看法可知，本文主要介绍的是菌丝体可以成为皮革的替代品，所以标题“菌丝体：绿色皮革的替代品”与本文的主题吻合，适合作为最佳标题。故选B项。 D When you hear the word “uncertainty”, how do you feel? Scared, anxious, excited or challenged? With many global challenges still ongoing, we are likely to face even more of the unknown, so we had better get accustomed to managing it. So how do we detect uncertainty and which part of the brain is responsible for it? Researchers have found that noradrenaline (去甲肾上腺素) is the key chemical involved in our response to uncertainty. To investigate the role noradrenaline plays when we are faced with uncertain events, scientists at Massachusetts Institute of Technology conducted an experiment with mice. The animals were trained to push a lever (杠杆) down when they heard a high frequency noise. If they did this, they were rewarded with a drink of water. They were also trained to learn that they’d receive an unpleasant puff of air if the lever was activated when a low frequency noise was played. But the researchers added in an element of uncertainty by including a sound where the frequency was unclear. From this experiment, the researchers discovered that a small part in the brain called the locus coeruleus — an area that modulates noradrenaline — was essential in detecting uncertainty. When the high frequency was clear and the reward was expected for the mice, their noradrenaline release was small. But when the outcome wasn’t clear, and the reward was a surprise, the release was much larger. This was how the mice’s brains learned to deal with uncertainty. A study with humans was also carried out. They discovered that the subjects’ neurons (神经元) in the prefrontal cortex (前额叶皮质) respond much more to loss than to gain. Namely, this area rules our avoidance behaviour when we are under stress. This helps us understand our unwillingness to expose ourselves to uncertainty. Once we understand that our cognitive and emotional responses to uncertainty are a necessary part of the human experience. Acknowledge instead of fear them, perhaps making big decisions can seem less stressful. 12. What is the uncertainty in the experiment with mice? A. The high frequency noise. B. A drink of water as a reward. C. The action to push a lever down. D. The noise with unclear frequency. 13. What does the underlined word “modulates” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Removes. B. Adjusts. C. Lessens. D. Boosts. 14. How does the prefrontal cortex influence our choices when we’re stressed? A. By seeking rewarding outcome. B. By maintaining balance. C. By avoiding negative outcome. D. By reducing uncertainty. 15. What does the author want to tell us in the text? A. Responses to uncertainty come naturally. B. Uncertainty gives birth to potential risks. C. Experiments can predict expected outcomes. D. Noradrenaline tends to result from uncertainty. 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人面临不确定时会变得紧张焦虑的生理过程和有关检测不确定性的研究。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“But the researchers added in an element of uncertainty by including a sound where the frequency was unclear.(但研究人员通过在频率不清楚的地方加入声音，增加了不确定性。)”可知，老鼠实验中的不确定性是频率不明确的声音。故选D。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段中“When the high frequency was clear and the reward was expected for the mice, their noradrenaline release was small. But when the outcome wasn’t clear, and the reward was a surprise, the release was much larger. This was how the mice’s brains learned to deal with uncertainty.(当高频信号清晰时，老鼠的去甲肾上腺素释放量很小。但当结果不明确，奖励是一个惊喜时，释放量要大得多。这就是老鼠大脑学会处理不确定性的方式。)”可知，高频噪音出现，小鼠预期会得到奖励时，它们释放很少去甲肾上腺素。但当结果不明确，奖励是一个惊喜时，它们释放大量去甲肾上腺素。所以locus coeruleus在不断调节去甲肾上腺素。故划线词与B选项“Adjusts(调节)”为同义词。故选B。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中“They discovered that the subjects’ neurons (神经元) in the prefrontal cortex (前额叶皮质) respond much more to loss than to gain. Namely, this area rules our avoidance behaviour when we are under stress. This helps us understand our unwillingness to expose ourselves to uncertainty.(他们发现，受试者前额叶皮层的神经元对损失的反应要比对获得的反应强烈得多。也就是说，当我们处于压力之下时，这个区域控制着我们的逃避行为。这有助于我们理解我们不愿意将自己暴露在不确定性中。)”可知，前额皮质中的神经元对失败的反应远远大于对回报的反应，这个区域支配着人在压力下的回避行为，即当我们感到压力时，前额皮质会通过避免负面结果影响我们的选择。故选C。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Once we understand that our cognitive and emotional responses to uncertainty are a necessary part of the human experience. Acknowledge instead of fear them, perhaps making big decisions can seem less stressful.(一旦我们明白我们对不确定性的认知和情感反应是人类经历的必要组成部分。承认它们而不是害怕它们，也许做出重大决定会显得不那么有压力。)”可知，文章告诉我们：当面对不确定时，人的一系列反应都是身体自然的反应过程。故选A。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Language is powerful.____16____ By using positive words, we can turn bad stories into good messages that help us grow and feel happy. Research in neuroscience (神经科学) shows that the words we use can greatly affect our brain and mindset. ____17____ They increase our motivation, resilience (适应力), and optimism. Negative words, however, can cause stress and make it harder to see opportunities and solutions. ____18____Simple word changes can make a big difference. For example, instead of saying “I can’t do it”, we say “I will try my best”. This small change can make us feel stronger and more ready to face challenges. Focusing on strengths and potential, instead of weaknesses, can boost self-confidence. Instead of saying “I’m not good enough”, we say “I am getting better and better”, This shows our progress and helps us have a positive view of our growth. Changing our words can also improve how we talk to others and build relationships. Using positive language, like showing appreciation and giving encouragement, creates a supportive environment. For example, instead of saying “You always make mistakes”, we say “I believe you can learn and improve”. ____19____ Being aware of our thoughts helps us catch negative patterns and choose positive words. It also helps us understand our feelings better. ____20____ Techniques like visualization, appreciation, and gratitude are powerful tools to make our mindset and language more positive. A. Such words can make you feel depressive B. This leads to better communication and problem-solving C. Practicing self-awareness is another aspect of handling words D. One way to change is to replace negative words with positive ones E. Positive words make brain areas related to reward and happiness active F. The language we use shows our thoughts and affects our feelings and actions G. In this way, we can better use techniques to improve our mindset and language 【答案】16. F 17. E 18. D 19. B 20. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如何利用语言来帮助个人成长和更快乐。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Language is powerful.(语言是强大的)”以及后文“By using positive words, we can turn bad stories into good messages that help us grow and feel happy.(通过使用积极的词汇，我们可以把不好的故事变成好的信息，帮助我们成长和快乐)”可知，上文提到了语言强大，本句承接上文，说明语言强大的原因。故F选项“我们使用的语言表达了我们的思想，影响着我们的感觉和行动”符合语境，故选F。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Research in neuroscience (神经科学) shows that the words we use can greatly affect our brain and mindset.(神经科学研究表明，我们使用的词语会极大地影响我们的大脑和心态)”以及后文“They increase our motivation, resilience (适应力), and optimism. Negative words, however, can cause stress and make it harder to see opportunities and solutions.(它们会增加我们的动力、韧性和乐观。然而，消极的词语会造成压力，让人更难看到机会和解决方案)”可知，后文提到了消极词语的影响，可知本句是在说明积极词汇的影响。故E选项“积极的词汇使大脑中与奖励和快乐相关的区域活跃起来”符合语境，故选E。 【18题详解】 根据后文“Simple word changes can make a big difference. For example, instead of saying “I can’t do it”, we say “I will try my best”. This small change can make us feel stronger and more ready to face challenges. Focusing on strengths and potential, instead of weaknesses, can boost self-confidence. Instead of saying “I’m not good enough”, we say “I am getting better and better”, This shows our progress and helps us have a positive view of our growth.( 简单的单词改变可以带来很大的不同。例如，我们不说“我做不到”，而是说“我会尽力的”。这个小小的改变可以让我们感觉更强大，更准备好面对挑战。关注优点和潜力，而不是缺点，可以增强自信。我们不说“我不够好”，而是说“我越来越好了”，这显示了我们的进步，帮助我们对自己的成长有一个积极的看法)”可知，本段介绍的方法是用积极的词汇代替消极的词。故D选项“一种改变的方法是用积极的词代替消极的词”符合语境，故选D。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Changing our words can also improve how we talk to others and build relationships. Using positive language, like showing appreciation and giving encouragement, creates a supportive environment. For example, instead of saying “You always make mistakes”, we say “I believe you can learn and improve”.(改变我们的语言也可以改善我们与他人交谈和建立关系的方式。使用积极的语言，比如表达感激和鼓励，创造一个支持性的环境。例如，我们不说“你总是犯错误”，而是说“我相信你可以学习和提高”)”可知，本段的主旨是改变语言对人际关系的影响，且上文进行了举例说明，本句为本段最后一句，故说明上文做法对人际关系的好处。故B选项“这会导致更好的沟通和解决问题”符合语境，故选B。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Being aware of our thoughts helps us catch negative patterns and choose positive words. It also helps us understand our feelings better.(意识到我们的想法可以帮助我们抓住消极的模式，选择积极的词汇。它还能帮助我们更好地理解自己的感受)”以及后文“Techniques like visualization, appreciation, and gratitude are powerful tools to make our mindset and language more positive.(像想象、欣赏和感激这样的技巧是使我们的心态和语言更积极的强大工具)”可知，后文提到了像想象、欣赏和感激，这些属于个人意识，故C选项“练习自我意识是处理语言的另一个方面”符合语境，故选C。 第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。 One night, in September last year, Patricia Nieshoff realized that something was very wrong with her three-year-old son. He was sleeping nearby, and she watched in___21___as he moved his arms and legs around___22___and then became unconscious (昏迷的). She called911 after trying to wake him up with no___23___. When the ambulance___24___, everyone was out in the street. Her neighbors were looking worried and gesturing to her. “But I was so___25___ on my son. I left the front door of the home wide open, and I___26___everything, getting into the ambulance," Nieshoff recalled. In the hospital, Nieshoff was___27___ that her son had experienced a grand mal seizure (癫痫发作). The doctors___28___ his condition after a CT scan.With no family nearby, she was scared. And then, less than an hour later, familiar___29___appeared at the door. “It was Chris and Roseline, my____30____,” said Nieshoff. After the ambulance left, they____31____that the front door was left open. Chris and Roseline went inside, picked up Nieshoff’s wallet, keys and phone, and then locked the door. Chris even____32____one of her son’s toys to comfort him. Then they called all the local hospitals to ____33____where Nieshoff was. Chris and Roseline stayed through the night, accompanying Nieshoff and drove them____34____early the next morning. Later on,whenever Nieshoff____35____ it, she has thought a lot about their neighbors’ extraordinary gesture of kindness. 21. A. shock B. anger C. excitement D. peace 22. A. respectively B. irregularly C. creatively D. fortunately 23. A. luck B. relief C. delay D. success 24. A. moved around B. turned out C. pulled up D. settled down 25. A. dependent B. focused C. insistent D. hard 26. A. left B. purchased C. brought D. prepared 27. A. worried B. fearful C. aware D. glad 28. A. improved B. promoted C. followed D. evaluated 29. A. characters B. frames C. faces D. shapes 30. A. colleagues B. neighbors C. friends D. relatives 31. A. noticed B. witnessed C. inferred D. decided 32. A. begged B. removed C. delivered D. grabbed 33. A. guess B. predict C. identify D. believe 34. A. backwards B. home C. forwards D. abroad 35. A. recalls B. forgets C. examines D. calculates 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Patricia Nieshoff的儿子突发癫痫，她抛下一切和儿子去了医院，结果她的邻居前来查看情况，还整夜陪伴着Nieshoff，Nieshoff十分感动。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他就睡在附近，她震惊地看着他不规律地动着胳膊和腿，然后就失去了知觉。A. shock震惊；B. anger愤怒；C. excitement激动；D. peace和平。根据后文“as he moved his arms and legs”提到儿子不规律地动着胳膊和腿，所以反应应该是震惊地。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他就睡在附近，她震惊地看着他不规律地动着胳膊和腿，然后就失去了知觉。A. respectively分别地；B. irregularly不规律地；C. creatively创造性地；D. fortunately幸运地。根据后文“her son had experienced a grand mal seizure”可知，儿子癫痫发作，所以是不规律地动着胳膊和腿，故选B。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她试着叫醒他，但没有成功，于是拨打了911。A. luck运气；B. relief安慰；C. delay推迟；D. success成功。根据上文“She called 911”可知，拨打911是因为没有成功叫醒儿子，短语with no luck表示“没有成功”。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：救护车停下来时，每个人都在街上。A. moved around四处走动；B. turned out结果是；C. pulled up停车；D. settled down定居。根据上文“When the ambulance”指救护车停在了她家。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我太关注我儿子了。A. dependent依靠的；B. focused专注的；C. insistent坚持的；D. hard努力的。根据后文“I left the front door of the home wide open”可知，她一心只关注着儿子，故选B。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我让家的前门大开着，我丢下所有的东西，上了救护车，”尼霍夫回忆说。A. left留下；B. purchased购买；C. brought带来；D. prepared准备。根据上文“I left the front door of the home wide open”可知，她太过于关注儿子，让家的前门大开着，丢下所有的东西，上了救护车。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在医院里，尼霍夫明白了她的儿子经历了一次癫痫大发作。A. worried担心的；B. fearful恐惧的；C. aware明白的；D. glad高兴的。根据后文“that her son had experienced a grand mal seizure.”可知，到了医院，她明白了儿子的病情。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在做了CT扫描后，医生们评估了他的病情。A. improved改善；B. promoted促进；C. followed跟随；D. evaluated评估。根据后文“his condition after a CT scan”可知，在做了CT扫描后，医生们评估了儿子的病情。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，不到一个小时后，熟悉的面孔出现在门口。A. characters性格；B. frames框架；C. faces面孔；D. shapes形状。根据后文“It was Chris and Roseline”可知，她认出这些人，说明是熟悉的面孔。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尼霍夫说：“是克里斯和罗瑟琳，我邻居。”A. colleagues同事；B. neighbors邻居；C. friends朋友；D. relatives亲戚。根据后文“about their neighbors’ extraordinary gesture of kindness”可知来的是邻居。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：救护车离开后，他们注意到前门是开着的。A. noticed注意到；B. witnessed目击；C. inferred推断；D. decided决定。根据后文“that the front door was left open”指注意到了尼霍夫家前门开着。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：克里斯甚至拿来她儿子的一个玩具安慰他。A. begged恳求；B. removed去除；C. delivered递送；D. grabbed抓起。根据后文“one of her son’s toys to comfort him”可知，克里斯拿来了儿子的一个玩具来安慰儿子，grab表示“（尤指匆忙地）取”符合语境。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他们打电话给当地所有的医院确认尼霍夫在哪里。A. guess猜测；B. predict预测；C. identify确认；D. believe相信。根据后文“where Nieshoff was”可知打电话是为确认尼霍夫在哪里。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：克里斯和罗瑟琳整晚都陪着尼霍夫，第二天一早开车送他们回家。A. backwards向后；B. home家；C. forwards向前；D. abroad在国外。根据上文“Chris and Roseline stayed through the night, accompanying Nieshoff and drove them”可知，邻居整晚都陪着尼霍夫，第二天一早开车送他们回家。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，每当尼霍夫回忆起这件事，她就会对邻居们非凡的善良举动思考很多。A. recalls回想起；B. forgets忘记；C. examines检查；D. calculates计算。根据后文“it, she has thought a lot about their neighbors’ extraordinary gesture of kindness”可知，指事后回忆这件事，对邻居们非凡的善良举动思考很多。故选A。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 An exhibition showing the significant archaeological (考古的) discoveries along the Grand Canal opened in Jiangsu Province on Tuesday____36____ (mark) the 10th anniversary of the ancient artificial waterway____37____ (successful) being listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The exhibition ____38____ (hold) in the China Grand Canal Museum in the city of Yangzhou had more than 240 pieces of items from provincial-level____39____ (region) along the canal on display, most of____40____were made public for the first time. A brick with inscriptions from the Sui Dynasty, a Tang tri-colored glazed ceramic woman figurine playing polo and____41____ bluish-white glazed bowl with flower carvings from the Song Dynasty are among the displayed items. Guided____42____the National Cultural Heritage Administration, the exhibition will last till August 14. Over the past few years, more than 200 archaeological projects related to the Grand Canal____43____ (carry) out in eight provinces and municipalities, and more than 60 of ____44____ (they) have yielded significant results. Among them, seven have been considered to be the top 10_____45_____ (year) archaeological discoveries in the country. With a history of more than 2,500 years, the Grand Canal, connecting Beijing and Hangzhou, served as a significant transportation artery in ancient China. 【答案】36. to mark 37. successfully 38. held 39. regions 40. which 41. a 42. by 43. have been carried 44. them 45. yearly 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。周二，一场展示大运河沿线重大考古发现的展览在江苏省开幕，以纪念这条古老的人工水道成功被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产十周年。文章主要介绍了这次展览的一些情况。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：周二，一场展示大运河沿线重大考古发现的展览在江苏省开幕，以纪念这条古老的人工水道成功被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产十周年。此处mark在句中作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to mark。 【37题详解】 考查副词。句意：周二，一场展示大运河沿线重大考古发现的展览在江苏省开幕，以纪念这条古老的人工水道成功被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产十周年。修饰动词短语being listed as应用副词successfully，故填successfully。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：此次展览在扬州中国大运河博物馆举行，展出了来自运河沿线省级地区的240多件物品，其中大部分是首次向公众展出。此处hold与exhibition构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填held。 【39题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：此次展览在扬州中国大运河博物馆举行，展出了来自运河沿线省级地区的240多件物品，其中大部分是首次向公众展出。前文没有冠词，表示数量大于一应用复数形式。故填regions。 【40题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：此次展览在扬州中国大运河博物馆举行，展出了来自运河沿线省级地区的240多件物品，其中大部分是首次向公众展出。此处介词+关系代词结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词240 pieces of items，作介词的宾语，指物，应用关系代词which。故填which。 【41题详解】 考查冠词。句意：展出的物品包括隋朝的铭文砖，唐代打马球的三彩陶瓷女子雕像，以及宋代的青白釉面花雕碗。此处bowl为泛指，且bluish-white是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：在国家文物局的指导下，展览将持续到8月14日。后跟名词作宾语，表示“被”应用介词by。故填by。 【43题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：近年来，中国在8个省市开展了200多项与大运河有关的考古工作，其中60多项取得了重大成果。主语more than 200 archaeological projects与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文Over the past few years可知为现在完成时的被动语态，主语是复数助动词用have。故填have been carried。 【44题详解】 考查代词。句意：近年来，中国在8个省市开展了200多项与大运河有关的考古工作，其中60多项取得了重大成果。作介词的宾语，应用宾格them。故填them。 【45题详解】 考查形容词。句意：其中，有7个被认为是该国年度十大考古发现。修饰名词discoveries应用形容词yearly。故填yearly。 第四部分 写作(共两节,满分 40分)第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，最近你的英语老师(Jessica)提出了一项新的学习计划，即利用下午的自习时间增加30分钟的英语互动活动。请你给她写一封信，内容包括： 1.你对这项学习计划的看法； 2.你的建议。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Jessica, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jessica, I hope this letter finds you well. I wanted to express my sincere appreciation for the innovative learning plan you’ve introduced—allocating an additional 30 minutes of interactive English activities during our afternoon study sessions. The extra time dedicated to English interaction will undoubtedly boost our speaking and listening skills, which are often overlooked in traditional classroom settings. Regarding suggestions, I believe it would be beneficial if we could vary the activities regularly to keep our interest piqued. For instance, we could have debates, role-play sessions, or even short English story-telling circles. Thank you for your dedication to our academic growth and for being such an inspiring teacher. Sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。最近你的英语老师提出了一项新的学习计划，即利用下午的自习时间增加30分钟的英语互动活动。要求考生写一封信给Jessica老师。 【详解】1.词汇积累 表达：express→extend 感激：appreciation→gratitude 促进：boost→improve 奉献：dedication→devotion 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：Thank you for your dedication to our academic growth and for being such an inspiring teacher. 拓展句：It is so rewarding that being such an inspiring teacher, you’re devoted to our academic growth. 【点睛】[高分句型1] The extra time dedicated to English interaction will undoubtedly boost our speaking and listening skills, which are often overlooked in traditional classroom settings. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] Regarding suggestions, I believe it would be beneficial if we could vary the activities regularly to keep our interest piqued. (运用了if引导条件状语从句) 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was shy when I was little. Kids, adults, pretty much everyone made me nervous. I was also what most teachers and parents would call a “good kid”. I followed the rules, got good grades in school and rarely questioned authority. But then one day, one single ride on a school bus changed all that. The school bus that day was crowded, hot, humid and smelly. Most of the other kids were busy with conversations, arguments and games. Only a few of my classmates were looking through the windows at the water filling the street. It was raining too hard. The road outside looked like a flooded stream. I sat alone as usual, speaking to no one. Suddenly I saw a kitty on the other side of the road. Poor cat, I thought. He was all wet and didn't seem to know where to go to get out of the rain. I wanted to go and get the kitty, but I knew that the bus driver, Mrs Foster, would never allow me off the bus.It was against the rules to even stand up. I would get in big trouble for trying to rescue a cat.I also thought that the other kids would laugh at the animal that was dripping wet. They would see his misery (悲惨) as their entertainment. I could see him shaking. His movements revealed a level of fear that I had never witnessed before. My heart was racing. Tears were rolling down my cheeks. I wanted to rush off the bus without asking permission, and pull the cat from the rain, and wrap it up in my warm jacket, But I also pictured getting into trouble before the cat could be saved, the other kids staring and laughing. I sat motionless, unable to act. I was sure that I heard his terrified meow. 注意: 1.续写词数应为150个左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Somehow, I managed to stand up, crying,“Mrs Foster!” ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Mrs Foster grabbed the cat, returned to the bus, handed it to me, and asked how to handle it. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Somehow, I managed to stand up, crying, “Mrs Foster!” My voice was trembling with emotion as I broke the silence on the bus. All eyes turned to me, surprised by my sudden outburst. Mrs Foster, with a stern expression, turned around from her driving position. “What is it, young man?” she asked, her tone a mix of curiosity and annoyance. I choked back my tears and pointed out the window, my voice barely above a whisper. “There’s a kitty out there, all wet and scared. Please, can I help it?” To my amazement, Mrs Foster’s expression softened, and said that she would get off the bus to get the cat back. Mrs Foster grabbed the cat her gentle touch calming the shivering creature. She returned to the bus, handed it to me, and asked, “Now, what do we do with this little one?” I was taken by surprise but quickly regained my composure. “We can wrap him in my jacket to keep him warm,” I said, pulling off my jacket and wrapping it around the cat. The other kids, who had initially been skeptical, now offered their assistance, some offering tissues to dry the cat’s fur, others sharing snacks from their lunchboxes. Mrs Foster smiled approvingly. “Well done, everyone,” she said. “Sometimes, breaking the rules for the right reason is what makes us human.” That day, the bus ride became a lesson in empathy and kindness, and I realized that being brave didn’t always mean standing up to bullies or fighting battles. It also meant standing up for the vulnerable and doing what’s right, even if it meant stepping out of your comfort zone. 【解析】 【导语】文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者一个原本害羞、遵守规则、成绩优秀且很少质疑权威的小孩，在一次乘坐校车的经历中，内心经历了巨大的挣扎和变化。那天，校车拥挤、闷热且充满异味，大部分孩子都在忙碌地交谈、争吵或玩游戏，而主人公则像往常一样独自坐着，不与任何人交谈。突然，他注意到一只小猫被困在雨中，无助且害怕。尽管他内心充满了同情和想要帮助小猫的冲动，但他也深知违反规则下车会带来的后果，以及同学们可能会因此嘲笑他。在内心的激烈斗争中，他最终未能采取行动，只能无助地坐着，听着小猫的惨叫。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段首句内容“我总算站了起来，喊道:“福斯特太太!””可知，第一段可描写作者鼓起勇气向Foster太太提出要帮助那只猫的过程。 ②由第二段首句内容“福斯特太太抓住那只猫，她温柔的抚摸使这只颤抖的动物平静下来。”可知，第二段可描写作者帮助那只猫的经过以及感悟。 2.续写线索：打破沉默——大家感到惊讶——提议帮助小猫——Mrs Foster表示赞成——帮助小猫——得到赞许——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 帮助：help/assist 返回：return/go back 意识到：realize/be aware of 情绪类 害怕的：scared/frightened 感到惊讶的：surprised/amazed 【点睛】[高分句型1] My voice was trembling with emotion as I broke the silence on the bus.（运用了as引导时间状语从句） [高分句型2] That day, the bus ride became a lesson in empathy and kindness, and I realized that being brave didn’t always mean standing up to bullies or fighting battles.（运用了that引导宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$