北师大版（2019）必修一Unit2阅读理解专项限时训练10篇-2025高中英语高一

北师大版（2019）必修一 Unit 2 阅读理解 The village super league, or “Cun Chao” in Chinese, is a soccer game among different villages in Rongjiang county, Guizhou Province, and it is so down-to-earth but popular that it has attracted not only the attention of football legend Michael Owen but also millions of Chinese netizens (网民), who are paying attention to this non-professional football league. The players come from a variety of backgrounds. They are vendors, drivers, students, carpenters, tilers, former butchers, and brick factory workers. Their ages range from 15 to over 40 years old. At the game site, representatives wearing various traditional national costumes play national musical instruments and enter the field with the players, and perform songs and dances. “This kind of football game is natural and with ‘pureness’ and it is driven by the love of the ordinary people not the economic benefits. The game is providing not only values of sports, but also a way of socializing with low costs,” an expert noted. This kind of atmosphere is very rarely seen and is treasured, especially for people in urban areas who are getting increasingly busy and under great work pressure, and when they look at the fun, relaxing and down-to-earth way of life in the countryside, they will naturally be interested, experts said. There is at least one good effect brought by the “Cun Chao” to Chinese soccer—to make more people see the pureness of joy and encourage them to play soccer. Today, more and more grassroots sports events are held in the mountains and are using sports as a medium to showcase the unique charm of the local area, reflecting an energetic lifestyle filled with agricultural activities and rural fun. 1．Why does the author mention Michael Owen in Paragraph 1? A．To show he is a household name in China. B．To voice his view on modern soccer game. C．To show the great popularity (流行) of “Cun Chao”. D．To stress the importance of “Cun Chao”. 2．What do we know about the players of “Cun Chao”? A．They are from all walks of life. B．Seniors are welcome to join the team. C．They are able to play national musical instruments. D．They wear traditional costumes on the soccer field. 3．Which of the following best describes “Cun Chao” according to Paragraph 3? A．Slow-paced (慢节奏的). B．Highly stressed. C．High-cost. D．Nonprofitable. 4．Which is the best title for the text? A．The village super league wins the hearts of Chinese. B．The village super league: From nobody to somebody. C．The village super league bridges the countryside and the city. D．The village super league promises the future of Chinese soccer. Do you like to keep fit? We’re always told that regular exercise is good for our body and mind. More and more people are taking up activities that improve their fitness. But is there a risk that some of us might get obsessed (着迷的) and overdo it? Well, for some people, fitness has become an obsession as they aim for perfection. And fitness trackers and apps can add to this addiction, especially if someone is driven by achievement and perfectionism. And sharing data on social media means exercising becomes public and competitive, which could cause problems in someone who is vulnerable (脆弱的). Experts say this can lead to a medical condition called orthorexia nervosa, or addiction to healthy eating and over-exercise. Untreated, it can lead to malnutrition and mental health problems. Too much exercise can also take its toll on someone’s physical health as well. Symptoms of over-exercising include injuries such as a broken leg and a low immune system. So how much exercise is too much? Researches found the ideal pace to jog was about eight kilometers per hour-and that it was best to jog no more than three times a week or for 2.5 hours in total, showing that moderate jogging is possibly more beneficial than being inactive or undertaking strenuous (剧烈的) jogging. If you’re more of a couch potato than a runner, this might sound like good news. But for amateur (业余的) athletes who can’t help but push their bodies to the limit, the advice from Martin Turner, a sports and exercise psychologist, is, “It’s all about letting go, not being obsessed, learning not to control everything, saying, ‘You don’t need to be perfect.’” 5．What is the main reason for people’s addiction to over-exercise according to paragraph 2? A．Their need for social support. B．Their addiction to fitness apps. C．Their pursuit(追求)of perfectionism. D．Their concern over health issues. 6．What does the underlined phrase “take its toll” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Going hand in hand. B．Having a bad effect. C．Making little difference. D．Playing an important role. 7．What is the passage mainly about? A．The risk of fitness obsession. B．The importance of mental health. C．The benefits of moderate jogging. D．The symptoms of over-exercising. 8．In which section of a newspaper may this text appear? A．Fiction. B．Lifestyle. C．Culture. D．News 17-year-old Tibetan girl Cigla is a freshman at Nagqu No. 2 Senior High School in Lhasa, which sit 3,650 meters above sea level. She now plays point guard for the school’s 12-member female basketball team. “Practice makes perfect. You get used to the altitude when you love the sport and train hard enough,” said the potential basketball star, who has been crazy about the sport since taking it up three years ago. With outstanding speed and accurate passes, she never fails to shine on the basketball court, even when she competes against the boys. Though she is a freshman in high school, Cigla already has a clear picture of her future--entering a sports college to study basketball. In the eyes of Cila, who comes from a poor herder’s (牧民的) family in northern Tibet, studying in Lhasa, the most developed city in this area, has made it much easier for her to realize her basketball dream. With an average altitude of over 4,500 meters. Nagqu is among the most uninhabitable places in Tibet. Low-oxygen environments and extreme weather have long influenced the health of Nagqu students, hampering the development of primary education in the area. Like Cigla, many students at the school are from poor farmers’ and herders’ families. Dawa Droma, a senior student also on the school’s female basketball team, recalled, “I had never touched a basketball before that game but joined the class team anyway. When I scored and heard my classmates cheer for me, I couldn’t feel more proud. That’s how I fell in love with basketball and why I never looked back.” Reflecting on the influence of basketball on her life, Dawa Droma said the sport had helped her get fit and build up confidence over the years. “Meeting players from different schools has certainly made me a more outgoing person,” she said. 9．What do we know about Cigla from the text? A．She loves playing basketball but dislikes training hard. B．She is in Grade One at a senior high school at a high altitude. C．She’s been crazy about playing basketball since she was 12 years old. D．She’s got used to the altitude because she has lived there for years. 10．In Cigla’s opinion, what can help her realize her basketball dream? A．Her school’s location. B．Her clear plans. C．Her family background. D．Her entering a sports college. 11．What does the underlined word “hampering” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．promoting. B．maintaining. C．interpreting. D．preventing. 12．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．Dawa Droma barely feels proud when scoring. B．Dawa Droma has been affected by basketball greatly. C．Playing basketball improves Dawa Droma’s sense of touch. D．Players from different schools have become Dawa Droma’s friends Sports can help you keep fit and get in touch with nature. However, whether you are on the mountains, in the waves, or on the grassland, you should be aware that your sport of choice might have great influence on the environment. Some sports are resource-hungry. Golf, as you may know, eats up not only large areas of countryside, but also tons of water. Besides, all sorts of chemicals and huge amounts of energy are used to keep its courses (球场) in good condition. This causes major environmental effects. For example, in the dry regions of Portugal and Spain, golf causes serious water shortage in some local areas. There are many environment-friendly sports. Power walking is one of them that you could take up today. You don’t need any special equipment except a good pair of shoes; and you don’t have to worry about your purse. Simple and free, power walking can also keep you fit. If you walk regularly, it will be good for your heart and bones. Experts say that 20 minutes of power walking daily can make you feel less anxious, sleep well and have better weight control. Whatever sport you take up, you can make it greener by using environment-friendly equipment and buying products made from recycled materials. But the final goal should be “green gyms”. They are better replacements for traditional health clubs and modern sports centers. Members of green gyms play sports outdoors, in the countryside or other open spaces. There is no special requirement for you to start your membership. And best of all, it’s free. 13．Which of the following does the author most probably recommend? A．Playing basketball in a gym. B．Motor racing in the desert. C．Cycling around a lake. D．Swimming in a sports center. 14．What do we know about golf from the passage? A．It is popular in Portugal and Spain. B．It causes water shortages around the world. C．It pollutes the Earth with chemicals and wastes. D．It needs water and energy to keep its courses. 15．The author uses power walking as an example mainly because ________. A．it uses fewer resources B．it improves our health C．it is an outdoor sport D．it is recommended by experts 16．The author writes the passage to ________. A．show us the function of major sports B．encourage us to take up green sports C．discuss the major influence of popular sports D．introduce different types of environment-friendly sports Over the past few decades, children have been taking part less in free play and more in organized sports. While doing organized sports has both social and physical benefits for young children, worries about safety and benefits increase. Though most children are naturally likely to be physically active, not all kids are willing to get up and move. Soccer coach Joseph Luxbacher says, “Every kid has the possibility of being a good sportsman in different kinds of sports. Participating (参加) in organized sports such as the school soccer team introduces direction to children’s physical activities. Following a team schedule gives kids a set time and place to exercise. As a result, kids can be safe from accidents and be protected against physical harm.” What’s more, participating in organized sports gives children time to communicate with others and shows good sportsmanship. For young children who may still be very self-centered, participating in team, sports teach them to think about the group and encourages them to be glad about the success of their teammates. Kids can also benefit from spending time with their coach and having a chance to develop a positive (良好的) relationship with an adult other than their parents, especially if the coach is both skilled and devoted (全心全意的) to being a positive instructor. Playing organized sports requires a lot of time for practice and games, so it would seem that this could influence students’ study. Actually it can ameliorate students’ test performance. That’s because to play organized sports well, players have to memorize information, do repetitive actions, and learn from teammates. All these types of learning skills can make students score higher. Since stress can come from many different sources — parents, coaches, teammates or themselves — many children who participate in organized sports feel pressured to succeed. While a little stress can be helpful in leading children to perform with increased focus and strength, too much stress will leave young kids feeling very tired. Organized sports are more likely to put the right amount of pressure on them. 17．What can we learn from Joseph Luxbacher’s words? A．Organized sports can help develop kids’ talents. B．Most children prefer free play to organized sports. C．Most children have a set time and place to exercise. D．Organized sports can better protect kids from injuries. 18．What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A．Ways to attract kids to organized sports. B．Standards of a good organized sports coach. C．Social skills developed by playing organized sports. D．Positive parent-child relationships built by doing sports. 19．What does the underlined word “ ameliorate” mean in paragraph 4? A．Score. B．Record. C．Check. D．Improve. 20．What is the best title for the text? A．How organized sports can benefit children B．How to coach children in organized sports C．How organized sports put pressure on children D．How to be a good teammate in organized sports These days, videos of “ diving grandpas” from north China’s Tianjin are popular on the Internet. In the videos, they jumped off the Shizilin Bridge into the 7-meter-deep Haihe River. However, on Wednesday, they announced that they would give up the sport. With an average age of 60, the diving grandpas have much experience in diving. They started as a group of local diving lovers. They went swimming in the city’s rivers, and later they tried their hand at diving. The hobby has now lasted for more than thirty years. Videos on the Internet have drawn lots of tourists from across the country to the Shizilin Bridge over the Haihe River, where “diving grandpas” perform diving. However, some inexperienced divers, trying to follow“ diving grandpas”, have met with accidents and got themselves injured. Some of the grandpas have begun volunteering to keep order for the crowds that come to see the performance on the bridge. However, accidents still continued to happen. As reported, members of the Blue Sky Rescue team in Tianjin said that they rescued 14 people at the risk of drowning or other injury in just two days. The grandpas then made a difficult decision. They stopped diving off the bridge. They also prevented inexperienced locals and children as well as tourists from diving from the bridge . The grandpas welcomed the tourists to Tianjin, especially pointing out the other great places of interest and delicious food around the Shizilin Bridge. 21．What can we learn from Paragraph 2? A．The diving grandpas made a living by diving. B．The diving grandpas came from all over China. C．The diving grandpas made diving a life-long hobby. D．The diving grandpas began diving when they were little. 22．What made the diving grandpas decide to stop diving off the bridge? A．The weather became colder. B．They were too old to carry out the task. C．The bridge was too crowded with tourists. D．They hoped to prevent accidents from happening. 23．Which of the following can best describe“diving grandpas” in Tianjin? A．Kind and honest B．Energetic and warm-hearted C．Brave and talented D．Outgoing and optimistic 24．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Diving became a popular activity in Tianjin. B．Diving without guidance may cause injury or death. C．“Diving grandpas” helped speed up tourism in Tianjin. D．“Diving grandpas” gave up diving for tourists’ safety. Many of us start exercising in the hope of losing unwanted pounds. Unquestionably, aiming to be more active is a good thing. But if the main reason is to lose weight, your resolution could very well come to nothing. For starters, exercise is typically futile for weight loss. Take walking for example. A 150-pound person who walks for 30 minutes will burn, on average, around 140 calories. That’s equal to one can of soda — not exactly a great return on your investment of time and effort. It’s much easier just to skip the soda. When exercise is added to a diet, the results are equally unimpressive. Researchers found that a combination of dieting and exercising brought no greater weight loss than dieting alone after six months. At 12 months, the diet-and-exercise combination showed an advantage, but it was slight — about 4 pounds. In studies where exercise has produced meaningful weight loss, participants burned at least 400 to 500 calories per session on five or more days a week. To achieve that, a 150-pound person would need to walk a minimum of 90 minutes or run 30 minutes per day. In short, sessions need to go well beyond what most of us are willing or able to do. And even if we manage to make that much effort, our bodies often compensate (抵消) by eagerness for more food and slowing down metabolism (新陈代谢), effects that over time limit how many pounds we lose. When exercise fails to meet our weight-loss expectations, we often stop working out. Perhaps the biggest problem with exercising to drop pounds is that it turns physical activity into punishment — a price we have to pay for a slimmer body. How many times have you heard someone say “I’ll need to do extra exercise” after eating too much? We treat exercise as a form of self-punishment for being “bad.” In this case, we’re unlikely to keep doing it for very long. The conclusion is that we’re more likely to treat exercise positively and actually do it when we focus on our well-being rather than our weight. 25．What does the underlined word “futile” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Necessary. B．Popular. C．Dangerous. D．Useless. 26．What happens when you run 30 minutes on a daily basis? A．You will burn 140 calories every day. B．You will lose 4 pounds in a month. C．You might have a higher metabolic rate. D．You might eat more than usual. 27．Why do people who want to lose weight through exercise often give up? A．They are unlikely to really enjoy it. B．They find it too challenging physically. C．They have difficulty resisting (抵抗) delicious food. D．They turn their attention to their well-being. 28．What can be the best title for the text? A．How long should you exercise a day to lose weight? B．What are the best exercises for losing weight? C．Weight loss: why exercise is the wrong path D．Exercise and weight loss: a pair of brothers The benefits of regular exercise are well documented but there’s a new bonus to add to the ever-growing list. New researchers found that middle-aged women who were physically fit could be nearly 90 percent less likely to develop dementia in later life, and as they did, it came on a decade later than less sporty women. Lead researcher Dr. Helena Horder, of the University of Gothenburg in Sweden, said : "These findings are exciting because it’s possible that improving people's cardiovascular （心血管的）fitness in middle age could delay or even prevent them from developing dementia. " For the study, 191 women with an average age of 50 took a bicycle exercise test until they were exhausted to measure their peak （最大值的） cardiovascular capacity. The average peak workload was measured at 103 watts. A total of 40 women met the criteria for a high fitness level, or 120 watts or higher. A total of 92 women were in the medium fitness category; and 59 women were in the low fitness category, defined as a peak workload of 80 watts or less, or having their exercise tests stopped because of high blood pressure, chest pain or other cardiovascular problems. These women were then tested for dementia six times over the following four decades. During that time, 44 of the women developed dementia. Five percent of the highly fit women developed dementia, compared to 25 percent of the women with medium fitness and 32 percent of the women with low fitness. "However, this study does not show cause and effect between cardiovascular fitness and dementia, it only shows an association. More research is needed to see if improved fitness could have a positive effect on the risk of dementia and also to look at when during a lifetime a high fitness level is most important. " She also admitted that a relatively small number of women were studied, all of whom were form Sweden, so the results might not be applicable to other groups. 29．What is on the ever-growing list mentioned in the first paragraph? A．Positive effects of doing exercises. B．Exercises suitable for the middle-aged. C．Experimental studies on diseases. D．Advantages of sporty woman over man 30．Why did the researchers ask the women to do bicycle exercise? A．To predict their maximum heart rate. B．To assess their cardiovascular capacity C．To change their habits of working out D．To detect their potential health problems 31．What do we know about Dr Horder's study? A．It aimed to find a cure for dementia. B．Data collection was a lengthy process. C．Some participants withdrew from it. D．The results were far from satisfactory. 32．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．More Women Are Exercising to Prevent Dementia B．Middle-Aged Women Need to Do More Exercise C．Fit Women Are Less Likely to Develop Dementia D．Biking Improves Women's Cardiovascular Fitness Here are some sports in the Winter Olympics: Sledging Sledging has been an Olympic sport since 1924. It came from the Swiss town of St. Moritz in the late 1800s and looks great fun! If you want to do this sport, you should be able to run on the ice! Top athletes can sometimes reach speeds about 130 kilometers an hour. Germany picked up the gold for both the two and four men bobsleigh at the 2002 Salt Lake City Olympics. Curling Curling has also been an Olympic sport since 1924 and its birthplace is Scotland. Curling is a competition between two teams with four players on each side. The game is played on the ice, and the two teams take turns pushing a 19.1kg stone towards a series of concentric circles. The object is to get the stone as close to the centre of the circles as possible. You need to be light on your feet and have good balance to walk on the ice. Hockey Hockey is an Olympic sport since 1920. It is fun, fast but also a little dangerous. Women were not allowed to play in the Olympics until 1998. Teams consist of 12 people, but each team can’t have more than six players on the ice at one time. The game lasts for three 20-minute periods, with a 15-minute break after the first and second periods. Canada holds the gold for both the men and women’s ice hockey teams, but ice hockey is a growing sport in the UK, with lots of clubs and teams. 33．What do Sledging and Curling have in common? A．They come from the same place. B．They need the same skills in each game. C．The number of players in each team is the same. D．They become an Olympic sport in the same year. 34．If you want to do sledging you should ________ according to the text. A．have a good sense of balance B．learn how to run on the ice C．walk carefully on the ice D．practice a lot on the ground 35．Which is a rule of playing hockey? A．Women are not able to take part in the game. B．Teams compete by pushing a 19.1kg stone. C．Players can rest for 20 minutes in each break. D．Up to 12 players can be on the ice during the game. In the face of the tensions and pressures we all face every single day, a sense of humor can be helpful. The ability to laugh is very important to our fullest development and to our “mental health”. And if we can laugh at ourselves, we’re even further along the road to self-fulfillment. Consider the following example. Gordon is hoping to become a professional singer. He has a good voice, and has performed in public many times. But he’s very sensitive about his abilities. For instance, if his voice coach suggests he practice a particular song a few more times until he gets it right, Gordon falls apart, absolutely certain that the coach is implying that he isn’t any good and he has no future in music. He mentioned his sensitivity in his paper for a psychology class. The psychology professor called him in, outwardly to talk about the paper, but hoping to give the boy a chance to open up about the problem. The teacher rarely told her students what they ought to do, but she felt Gordon should know that such extreme sensitivity would make it difficult for him in the entertainment field, where stage personnel, and fellow performers often are very hard on new talent. She asked Gordon if he felt he had made necessary preparations to follow through in such a competitive and difficult business. Gordon got angry with the teacher, pointing a brave finger at her, and told her she was “dead wrong” about him. Further, Gordon asked what she could possibly know about music and the pressures of the profession. The teacher stood up and turned Gordon around, right in the middle of a sentence, asking him to continue, but to watch himself in the mirror on the back of the office door as he talked. Gordon tried to go on, pointing and gesticulating, but suddenly he saw his expression in the mirror, then when he turned to face the psychologist, he noticed a smile beginning to form on the teacher’s face. At the very top of his “outburst,” Gordon burst out laughing. He stopped his aggressive talk and asked the teacher if he looked that ridiculous all the time. Seeing himself “objectively” made Gordon realize that how ridiculous it was to take himself so seriously. In our everyday life, the ability to catch ourselves being so serious, bearing all the burdens of the world, and trying to save the human race helps us relieve some built-up tension through laughter. Laughter is a necessary part of mental health. Laughter is one of the ways in which we relax and recreate the selfhood. The things we find in humor may vary, but the experiences of humor, pleasure, and enjoyment are extremely important and must be fostered. 36．From the first two paragraphs, we can learn that Gordon ________. A．has broken up with his coach B．has failed to be a professional singer C．keeps practicing and hopes for the best D．feels very sensitive to other people’s comments 37．Why did the psychologist talk with Gordon? A．To discuss his paper with him. B．To help him realize his problem. C．To point out his rude behaviors. D．To offer advice on reducing pressure. 38．How does the author support his ideas? A．By offering analyses. B．By providing research results. C．By giving an example. D．By stating an argument. 39．What is mainly discussed in the passage? A．Means of laughter. B．Benefits of humor. C．The cause of sensitivity. D．The importance of health. 第 2 页 共 25 页 第 1 页 共 25 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 参考答案： 1．C 2．A 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了“村超”这一地方性的足球比赛，包括参赛者的背景、比赛的特色以及这一活动所带来的社会影响。 1．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The village super league, or “Cun Chao” in Chinese, is a soccer game among different villages in Rongjiang county, Guizhou Province, and it is so down-to-earth but popular that it has attracted not only the attention of football legend Michael Owen but also millions of Chinese netizens (网民), who are paying attention to this non-professional football league.(“村超”是贵州省榕江县各村庄之间举行的一场足球比赛，它朴实无华但又广受欢迎，不仅吸引了足球传奇人物迈克尔·欧文的注意，还吸引了数百万中国网民的关注，他们都在关注这个非职业足球联赛。)”可知，作者在第一段提到迈克尔·欧文，是为了显示“村超”朴实无华但又广受欢迎，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The players come from a variety of backgrounds. They are vendors, drivers, students, carpenters, tilers, former butchers, and brick factory workers. (参赛选手来自各行各业，包括商贩、司机、学生、木匠、瓦工、前屠夫和砖厂工人等。)”可知，“村超”的参赛选手来自社会的各行各业。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第三段““This kind of football game is natural and with ‘pureness’ and it is driven by the love of the ordinary people not the economic benefits. The game is providing not only values of sports, but also a way of socializing with low costs,” an expert noted. (一位专家指出：“这种足球比赛自然、纯净，是由普通人对足球的热爱而非经济利益驱动的。比赛不仅提供了体育价值，还提供了一种低成本社交的方式。”)”可知，“村超”是由普通人对足球的热爱而非经济利益驱动的，而且是一种低成本的社交方式。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“The village super league, or “Cun Chao” in Chinese, is a soccer game among different villages in Rongjiang county, Guizhou Province, and it is so down-to-earth but popular that it has attracted not only the attention of football legend Michael Owen but also millions of Chinese netizens (网民), who are paying attention to this non-professional football league.(“村超”是贵州省榕江县各村庄之间举行的一场足球比赛，它朴实无华但又广受欢迎，不仅吸引了足球传奇人物迈克尔·欧文的注意，还吸引了数百万中国网民的关注，他们都在关注这个非职业足球联赛。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要描述了乡村超级联赛（村超）在贵州省榕江县的盛况，如何吸引众多人包括足球传奇人物迈克尔·欧文的关注，以及这一活动如何成为当地人们社交和娱乐的一种方式。文章还强调了这种活动如何体现了乡村生活的乐趣和纯粹性，并鼓励更多人参与足球运动。因此，文章的核心在于描述乡村超级联赛如何赢得人们的心，特别是那些忙碌、压力大的城市人群。因此推断A项“乡村超级联赛赢得中国人的心”为最佳标题。故选A。 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了过度沉迷健身给我们带来的影响，以及建议我们要适度健身，不必追求完美。 5．细节理解题。根据第二段“Well, for some people, fitness has become an obsession as they aim for perfection.(嗯，对一些人来说，健身已经成为一种痴迷，因为他们追求完美。)”可知，有些人追求完美导致对健身十分痴迷，故选C项。 6．词义猜测题。根据下文“Symptoms of over-exercising include injuries such as a broken leg and a low immune system.( 过度运动的症状包括腿部骨折和免疫系统低下。)”可知，后句是在分析过度健身带来的危害，因此推断划线句句意为：过多的锻炼也会对某人的身体健康造成损害。由此可知“take its toll”是有坏影响的意思，故选B项。 7．主旨大意题。根据第一段“But is there a risk that some of us might get obsessed (着迷的) and overdo it?(但是是否有这个风险？——我们有可能会着迷，甚至过度健身。)”以及最后一段“It’s all about letting go, not being obsessed, learning not to control everything, saying, “You don’t need to be perfect.”(这是关于放手，不要沉迷，学会不要控制一切，说：“你不需要完美。”)”可知，本文讲述了过度沉迷健身给我们带来的影响，故选A项。 8．推理判断题。根据第一段“Do you like to keep fit?(你喜欢健身吗？)”以及结合全文可知，本文是在讲述我们过度健身的影响，应该属于生活方式类，故选B项。 9．B 10．A 11．D 12．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了在西藏纳木错海拔3650米的高中校园里，来自牧民家庭的两名女生Cigla和Dawa Droma通过打篮球实现了自身的成长与梦想，并缓解了当地教育发展不平衡的状况。同时，文章也阐述了高海拔等恶劣环境对当地居民的健康和教育发展带来的影响。 9．细节理解题。根据第一段中“17-year-old Tibetan girl Cigla is a freshman at Nagqu No. 2 Senior High School in Lhasa, which sit 3,650 meters above sea level. (17岁的藏族女孩Cigla是拉萨那曲第二高级中学的一名新生，该校位于海拔3650米的地方。)”可知，Cigla是高海拔地区高中一年级的一名学生。故选B。 10．细节理解题。根据第三段中“In the eyes of Cila, who comes from a poor herder’s(牧民的) family in northern Tibet, studying in Lhasa, the most developed city in this area, has made it much easier for her to realize her basketball dream.( Cigla来自西藏北部一个贫穷的牧民家庭。在她看来，在西藏最发达的城市拉萨学习，让她更容易实现自己的篮球梦。)”可知，Cigla认为在西藏最发达的城市拉萨学习，让她更容易实现自己的篮球梦即学校的位置能够帮助她实现自己的篮球梦。故选A。 11．词义猜测题。根据划线词前面的内容“Nagqu is among the most uninhabitable places in Tibet. Low-oxygen environments and extreme weather have long influenced the health of Nagqu students(那曲是西藏最不宜居住的地方之一。低氧环境和极端天气长期影响那曲学生的健康)”以及后文的“the development of primary education in the area(该地区初等教育的发展)”可知，那曲低氧环境和极端天气长期影响那曲学生的健康并且阻碍了当地的教育事业的发展。故划线词与D选项“preventing.(阻碍)”为同义词。故选D。 12．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Reflecting on the influence of basketball on her life, Dawa Droma said the sport had helped her get fit and build up confidence over the years. “Meeting players from different schools has certainly made me a more outgoing person,” she said.( 回想起篮球对她生活的影响，Dawa Droma说，多年来，这项运动帮助她保持健康，建立自信。她说：“与来自不同学校的球员见面让我成为了一个更外向的人。)”可知，篮球运动让Dawa Droma变得更健康更自信，同时也变得更外向，因此Dawa Droma深受篮球运动的影响。故选B。 13．C 14．D 15．A 16．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了运动可以让人保持健康，也可以让人们接近大自然。然而不管你是在大山里，还是在草地上运动，都应该注意，人们对运动的选择可能会影响到地球的环境。文中作者鼓励人们要多进行环保的、不消耗自然资源的运动。 13．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Whatever sport you take up, you can make it greener by using environment-friendly equipment and buying products made from recycled materials. But the final goal should be “green gyms”. They are better replacements for traditional health clubs and modern sports centers. Members of green gyms play sports outdoors, in the countryside or other open spaces. There is no special requirement for you to start your membership. And best of all, it’s free. (无论你从事什么运动，你都可以通过使用环保设备和购买由回收材料制成的产品来让它更环保。但最终目标应该是“绿色健身房”。它们是传统健身俱乐部和现代体育中心的更好替代品。绿色健身房的会员在户外、乡村或其他开放空间进行运动。您成为会员没有特别的要求。最重要的是，它是免费的。)”可知，作者倡导使用环保设备和购买由回收材料制成的产品来运动，同时建议运动最好是在“绿色健身房”，即户外、乡村或其他开放空间，因为这些地方免费。由此推知，作者可能会推荐在湖边骑自行车。因为自行车环保，同时湖边是免费的开放间。故选C项。 14．细节理解题。根据第二段“Golf, as you may know, eats up not only large areas of countryside, but also tons of water. Besides, all sorts of chemicals and huge amounts of energy are used to keep its courses (球场) in good condition. (你可能知道，高尔夫不仅消耗了大片农村地区，还消耗了大量的水。此外，各种各样的化学物质和巨大的能量被用来保持其球场处于良好状态。)”可知，高尔夫这项运动它需要水和电力去维持它球场的运转。故选D项。 15．细节理解题。根据第三段中“There are many environment-friendly sports. Power walking is one of them that you could take up today. You don’t need any special equipment except a good pair of shoes; and you don’t have to worry about resources and your purse. (有有许多环保运动。竞走就是其中之一，你今天就可以练习。除了一双好鞋，你不需要任何特殊的装备；你不用担心资源和钱包的问题。)”可知，作者选择以竞走为例来说明什么是“environment-friendly sports”，因为竞走使用的资源更少，更环保。故选A项。 16．推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段中“However, whether you are on the mountains, in the waves, or on the grassland, you should be aware that your sport of choice might have great influence on the environment. (然而，无论你是在山上，在海浪中，还是在草原上，你都应该意识到你选择的运动可能会对环境产生很大的影响。)”、第三段中“There are many environment-friendly sports. (有许多环保运动。)”和结合最后一段中 “Whatever sport you take up, you can make it greener by using environment-friendly equipment and buying products made from recycled materials. But the final goal should be “green gyms”. They are better replacements for traditional health clubs and modern sports centers. (无论你从事什么运动，你都可以通过使用环保设备和购买由回收材料制成的产品来让它更环保。但最终目标应该是“绿色健身房”。它们是传统健身俱乐部和现代体育中心的更好替代品。)”可知，作者在文中说明了运动对地球环境的影响，并号召人们进行环保的绿色的运动。所以，作者写这篇文章是为了鼓励人们从事绿色运动。故选B项。 17．D 18．C 19．D 20．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了有组织的体育运动对学生是有益的。 17．细节理解题。根据第二段“Following a team schedule gives kids a set time and place to exercise. As a result, kids can be safe from accidents and be protected against physical harm.(遵循团队时间表可以让孩子们有固定的时间和地点进行锻炼。因此，孩子们可以避免意外事故，免受身体伤害)”可知，Joseph Luxbacher的话说明了有组织的运动可以更好地防止孩子受伤。故选D。 18．主旨大意题。根据第三段“What’s more, participating in organized sports gives children time to communicate with others and shows good sportsmanship. For young children who may still be very self-centered, participating in team, sports teach them to think about the group and encourages them to be glad about the success of their teammates. Kids can also benefit from spending time with their coach and having a chance to develop a positive (良好的) relationship with an adult other than their parents, especially if the coach is both skilled and devoted (全心全意的) to being a positive instructor.(更重要的是，参加有组织的体育活动给孩子们时间与他人交流，表现出良好的体育精神。对于那些可能仍然非常以自我为中心的孩子来说，参加团队运动教会他们为团队着想，并鼓励他们为队友的成功感到高兴。孩子们也可以从花时间和他们的教练在一起，并有机会与父母以外的成年人建立积极的关系中受益，特别是如果教练既熟练又致力于成为一名积极的教练)”可知，第三段的主要内容是：孩子们可以通过参加有组织的运动来学习社交技能。故选C。 19．词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“That’s because to play organized sports well, players have to memorize information, do repetitive actions, and learn from teammates. All these types of learning skills can make students score higher.(这是因为要进行有组织的运动，运动员必须记住信息，做重复的动作，并向队友学习。所有这些类型的学习技能都可以让学生获得更高的分数)”可知，参加有组织的体育运动是有助于改善学生成绩的，故画线词意思是“改善、提高”。故选D。 20．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Over the past few decades, children have been taking part less in free play and more in organized sports. While doing organized sports has both social and physical benefits for young children, worries about safety and benefits increase.(在过去的几十年里，孩子们越来越少地参加自由游戏，而更多地参加有组织的体育活动。虽然进行有组织的体育运动对幼儿的社会和身体都有好处，但对安全和好处的担忧也在增加)”结合文章主要介绍了有组织的体育运动对学生是有益的，故A选项“有组织的运动如何使儿童受益”能概括全文，适合用作文章标题，故选A。 21．C 22．D 23．B 24．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了天津狮子林桥的跳水大爷出于无奈停止跳水的故事。跳水大爷们的跳水视频在网上火了后，游客争相模仿、意外频出，为了避免产生更多伤害，大爷们不得不终止跳水活动并当起了志愿者，阻止游客进行跳水尝试。 21．细节理解题。 根据第二段中“With an average age of 60, the diving grandpas have much experience in diving. They started as a group of local diving lovers. They went swimming in the city’s rivers, and later they tried their hand at diving. The hobby has now lasted for more than thirty years.(这些平均年龄60岁的跳水爷爷在跳水方面经验丰富。他们最初是一群当地的跳水爱好者。他们去城市的河里游泳，后来又试着跳水。这个爱好已经持续了三十多年)”可知，跳水大爷们把跳水发展成了终身爱好。故选C。 22．细节理解题。 根据第三段中“However, some inexperienced divers, trying to follow “diving grandpas", have met with accidents and got themselves injured.(然而，一些缺乏经验的跳水员，试图跟随“跳水爷爷”，却遇到了事故，导致自己受伤)”和第四段中“They stopped diving off the bridge. They also prevented inexperienced locals and children as well as tourists from diving from the bridge. (他们停止了从桥上跳水。他们还阻止了缺乏经验的当地人、儿童以及游客从桥上跳水)”可知，跳水大爷们为了防止游客模仿发生意外而停止了跳水。故选D。 23．推理判断题。 根据第二段中“They started as а group of local diving lovers.(他们最初是一群当地的跳水爱好者)”可知，跳水爷爷们很有活力；根据第三段中“Some of the grandpas have begun volunteering to keep order for the crowds that come to see the performance on the bridge. (一些爷爷已经开始自愿为前来观看大桥表演的人群维持秩序)”和第四段中“The grandpas welcomed the tourists to Tianjin, especially pointing out the other great places of interest and delicious food around the Shizilin Bridge. (爷爷们欢迎游客们来到天津，特别指出狮子林大桥周围的其他名胜古迹和美食)”可知，跳水爷爷非常热心肠，所以天津的跳水爷爷是充满活力和热心的。故选B。 24．主旨大意题。根据第一段“However, on Wednesday, they announced that they would give up the sport.(然而，在周三，他们宣布将放弃这项运动)”和全文的主要内容可知，本文主要讲述了跳水大爷为了游客的安全放弃了跳水活动。故选D。 25．D 26．D 27．A 28．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了运动减肥的错误认知并倡导人们用正确的态度对待锻炼。 25．词句猜测题。由第二段中的“For starters, exercise is typically futile for weight loss. Take walking for example. A 150-pound person who walks for 30 minutes will burn, on average, around 140 calories. That’s equal to one can of soda — not exactly a great return on your investment of time and effort. It’s much easier just to skip the soda.(首先，运动对于减肥来说通常是futile。以步行为例。一个体重150磅的人步行30分钟平均会燃烧140卡路里左右。这相当于一罐苏打水——这对你投入的时间和精力来说并不是一个很大的回报。相比之下，不喝苏打水更容易减肥。)”可知，每天步行30分钟减肥效果不理想，说明运动对于减肥来说通常是无用的，futile意为“无用的（Useless）”。故选D项。 26．细节理解题。由第四段中的“To achieve that, a 150-pound person would need to walk a minimum of 90 minutes or run 30 minutes per day. (为了实现这一目标，一个150磅的人每天至少需要步行90分钟或跑步30分钟)”和“And even if we manage to make that much effort, our bodies often compensate (抵消) by eagerness for more food and slowing down metabolism (新陈代谢), effects that over time limit how many pounds we lose. (即使我们努力了那么多，我们的身体也会通过渴望更多的食物和减缓新陈代谢来补偿，随着时间的推移，这些影响会限制我们减掉多少磅)”可知，当你每天跑步30分钟时，你的身体会渴望更多的食物，你可能比平时吃得多。故选D项。 27．推理判断题。由第五段中的“When exercise fails to meet our weight-loss expectations, we often stop working out. Perhaps the biggest problem with exercising to drop pounds is that it turns physical activity into punishment — a price we have to pay for a slimmer body. (当运动不能达到我们的减肥预期时，我们经常停止锻炼。也许运动减肥最大的问题是，它会把体育锻炼变成惩罚——这是我们为瘦身所付出的代价)”和“We treat exercise as a form of self-punishment for being “bad.” In this case, we’re unlikely to keep doing it for very long. (我们将运动视为对“坏”的一种自我惩罚。在这种情况下，我们不太可能长期坚持锻炼)”可知，人们往往把运动当成一种减肥的自我惩罚，所以他们并不喜欢运动，当运动不能达到人们的减肥预期时，人们经常停止锻炼，可得出想通过运动减肥的人经常放弃是因为他们不太可能真正享受运动。故选A项。 28．主旨大意题。由第一段“Many of us start exercising in the hope of losing unwanted pounds. Unquestionably, aiming to be more active is a good thing. But if the main reason is to lose weight, your resolution could very well come to nothing. (我们中的许多人开始锻炼，希望能减掉多余的体重。毫无疑问，努力变得更积极是一件好事。但如果主要原因是减肥，你的决心很可能会落空)”，第二段中的“For starters, exercise is typically futile for weight loss. (首先，运动对于减肥来说通常是徒劳的)”，第三段中的“When exercise is added to a diet, the results are equally unimpressive. (当节食和运动相结合时，效果同样不显著)”，第四段中的“And even if we manage to make that much effort, our bodies often compensate (抵消) by eagerness for more food and slowing down metabolism (新陈代谢), effects that over time limit how many pounds we lose. (即使我们努力了那么多，我们的身体也会通过渴望更多的食物和减缓新陈代谢来补偿，随着时间的推移，这些影响会限制我们减掉多少磅)”和第五段中的“When exercise fails to meet our weight-loss expectations, we often stop working out. (当运动不能达到我们的减肥预期时，我们经常停止锻炼)”可知，文章介绍了运动减肥的错误认知，即运动并不能有效地帮助减肥，C项“减肥：为什么运动是错误的道路”符合文意。故选C项。 29．A 30．B 31．B 32．C 【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了经常锻炼的中年女性在老年时罹患失智症的几率会大大降低。 29．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“New researchers found that middle-aged women who were physically fit could be nearly 90 percent less likely to develop dementia （失智症） in later life, and as they did, it came on a decade later than less sporty women.”（新的研究人员发现，身体健康的中年女性在晚年患痴呆症的可能性要低近90%，而且确实如此，与不太喜欢运动的女性相比，她们患痴呆症的时间要晚十年。）可知，第一段提到了健身锻炼的好处。故选A项。 30．细节理解题。根据上文“These findings are exciting because it’s possible that improving people's cardiovascular fitness in middle age could delay or even prevent them from developing dementia.”（这些发现令人兴奋，因为在中年时改善人们的心血管健康可能会延缓甚至防止他们患上痴呆症。）以及本段“For the study, 191 women with an average age of 50 took a bicycle exercise test until they were exhausted to measure their peak cardiovascular capacity.”（在这项研究中，191名平均年龄为50岁的女性进行了自行车运动测试，直到她们精疲力竭，以测量她们的心血管峰值能力。）可知，做这项实验的目的是为了测试女性的心血管峰值能力。故选B项。 31．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“These women were then tested for dementia six times over the following four decades.”（这些女性在随后的四十年里测试了六次失智症状况。）可知，此次实验的数据收集是一个长期的过程。故选B项。 32．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“New researchers found that middle-aged women who were physically fit could be nearly 90 percent less likely to develop dementia （失智症） in later life, and as they did, it came on a decade later than less sporty women.”（新的研究人员发现，身体健康的中年女性在晚年患痴呆症的可能性要低近90%，而且确实如此，与不太喜欢运动的女性相比，她们患痴呆症的时间要晚十年。）以及文章后面几段通过列举实验目的、过程、方式、结果等，说明了身体健康的中年女性在老年时患失智症的几率会大大降低。故选C项。 【点睛】 33．D 34．B 35．D 【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了三项冬奥会的运动项目。 33．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Sledging has been an Olympic sport since 1924.(自1924年起，雪橇成为奥运会比赛项目)”以及第三段中“Curling has also been an Olympic sport since 1924 and its birthplace is Scotland.(自1924年起，冰壶成为奥运会比赛项目，它的发源地是苏格兰)”可知，滑雪橇和冰壶的共同之处是它们在同一年成为奥运会项目。故选D。 34．细节理解题。根据第二段中“If you want to do this sport, you should be able to run on the ice!(如果你想做这项运动，你应该能够在冰上跑步！)”可知，如果你想滑雪橇，你应该学习如何在冰上跑步。故选B。 35．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Teams consist of 12 people, but each team can’t have more than six players on the ice at one time.(每支队伍由12人组成，但每支队伍每次在冰上的人数不能超过6人)”可知，打曲棍球的规则是比赛期间最多可以有12名球员在冰上。故选D。 36．D 37．B 38．C 39．B 【分析】这是一篇议论文，全文论述了幽默感和大笑对保持我们心理健康的益处。 36．细节理解题。根据文中第二段“For instance, if his voice coach suggests he practice a particular song a few more times until he gets it right, Gordon falls apart, absolutely certain that the coach is implying that he isn’t any good and he has no future in music.”可知，如果他的歌唱老师建议他把一首歌再练习好几遍，直到唱对，他就会很崩溃，确信老师是在向他暗示他一无是处，在音乐上没有未来，所以他对别人对他说的话非常敏感，故选D。 37．细节理解题。根据文中第三段“He mentioned his sensitivity in his paper for a psychology class. The psychology professor called him in, outwardly to talk about the paper, but hoping to give the boy a chance to open up about the problem.”，可知，他的心理教授把他叫去，表面上是讨论论文，实际上是希望给这个男孩一个机会去把这个问题说开，故选B。 38．推理判断题。根据第一段In the face of the tensions and pressures we all face every single day, a sense of humor can be helpful…Consider the following example.可知，作者主要运用Gordon的例子来论证幽默感和大笑的好处，故选C。 39．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，第一段作者开门见山，告诉我们：大笑对我们有益处，接着举了一个Gordon的例子来论证这个观点，最后一段再次回归主题：大笑对我们保持心理健康是必要的，故选B。 【名师点睛】文章的细节理解题可以细化为：（1）一一对应型。答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合，一一对应，一目了然。属于浅层次的阅读试题，分数比例较少。（2）语言转述型。这是一类间接事实细节题，答案与题目在表达形式和意义上充分运用了词义之间的转述关系，即正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的另类表达。属于中档难度题，分数比例较大。（3）语意理解型。这是一类深层事实细节理解题，答案与题目之间存在着一定的逻辑联系，这种联系需要建立在事实的基础上通过上、下文来进行判断、分析、归纳和整合，才能得出正确答案。属于较高难度的事实细节题。（4）是非辨别型。这是一类综合事实细节题，出题形式常常是“三正一误”(三项正确，只有一项不符合原文内容)或“三误一正”（三项错误，只有一项符合原文内容)。（5）事实排序型。这是一类运用多项事实进行排序的事实细节题，要求根据动作发生的先后顺序、时间顺序或者句子之间的逻辑关系，找出时间发生，发展的正确顺序。 例如: 本篇文章中的第2小题，属于文章细节理解中（2）语言转述型，原文中的句子是“professor called him in, outwardly to talk about the paper, but hoping to give the boy a chance to open up about the problem.”，题目是“Why did the psychologist talk with Gordon?”，间接对应了选项B中“to help him realize his problem”对原文句子的转述表达， 即“to help him realize his problem”是“to give the boy a chance to open up about the problem”的另一种表达。 第 2 页 共 25 页 第 1 页 共 25 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$