精品解析：河南省安阳市第一中学2023-2024学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题

安阳一中2023—2024学年第二学期期末考试 高一英语试题卷 第Ⅰ卷(选择题, 共95分) 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分，不计入总分) 第一节 (共 5小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 7.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When will the movie start? A. At 8:30. B. At 8:00. C. At 7:30. 2. What does the woman ask the man to do? A. Try on the shirt. B. Pack the shirt. C. Pick a gift for her husband. 3. Why is the man pleased? A. He has a holiday. B. He gets a promotion. C. He finds a new job. 4. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Doctor and patient. C. Classmates. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. A dish. B. A waiter. C. A restaurant. 第二节 (共 15 小题; 每小题 1。5 分, 满分 22.5 分) 听下面5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料,回答第 6、7 题。 6 How does the woman sound at first? A. Annoyed. B. Tired. C. Surprised. 7. What does the man offer to do? A. Order some coffee. B. Buy film tickets. C. Prepare breakfast. 听下面一段对话，完成以下小题。 8. Why does Emest suggest starting the program? A. To raise workers' pay. B. To unite the staff. C. To promote the sales. 9. What do the speakers agree to do? A. Seek other options. B. Carry out the program. C. Ask for workers' opinions. 听下面一段对话，完成以下小题。 10. What does Casey ask for? A. A new photographer. B. Some files. C. More time. 11. Why couldn't Michael appear in the photos? A. He wasn't in good health. B. He wasn't interested in it. C. He wasn't in the design team. 12. What is the woman's attitude toward Casey's request? A. Supportive. B. Disapproving. C. Uninterested. 听下面一段对话，完成以下小题。 13. What does the man want to do? A. Listen to classical music. B. Work with more students. C. Mix different music styles. 14. What is the woman's favorite part of the project? A. Holding a live concert. B. Having a large audience. C. Attending an online show. 15. Who is good at drums? A. A Chinese girl. B. An English boy. C. A Brazilian boy. 16. What chance does the project offer students? A. Running a workshop. B. Learning from music experts. C. Performing in different countries. 听下面一段独白，完成以下小题。 17. How was the weather yesterday? A. Cloudy. B. Rainy. C. Sunny. 18. Why can't people enter the town hall? A. It is under repair. B. It is too old to be safe. C. It is. open for staff only. 19. What can people do in the park? A. Play tennis. B. Watch birds. C. Swim in the lake. 20. Which place is near the river? A. A cafe. B. A market. C. A restaurant. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15 小题; 每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Online Fire Safety Class NATIONALLY RECOGNIZED This online Fire Safety Class has been designed to present topics relevant to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) training requirement. EASILY ACCESSIBLE Our Fire Safety Class is 100% online and self-paced, which allows you to start and stop at any time and as often as necessary to adjust your schedule. The course can also be taken on any device that has access to the Internet: Desktop computers Laptop computers Tablets Smart phones You can even start on one device and continue on another! GUARANTEED (保证) ACCEPTANCE Your Fire Safety Class certificate (证书) comes backed by a 100% money-back guarantee. If your certificate is not accepted for any reason, contact us and let us know. We will refund you the full price of the course. LOWEST PRICE GUARANTEE Starting at only $25, we offer the lowest price with absolutely no hidden fees; guaranteed! Course duration Total price Start now 1 hour $25 Start your I-hour course now 3 hour $35 Start your 3-hour course now 5 hour $40 Start your 5-hour course now The buying process is straightforward and simple: you never need to speak with a salesperson and you can register and get started right now entirely on your own. 1. Where can you take the class? A. On TV. B. On the radio. C. On computers. D. On any phone. 2. If you take the 5-hour class and you fail it, how much would you pay? A. $0 B. $25 C. $35 D. $40 3. Which of the following statements is true? A. You can take the class only on a fixed device. B. You can get your money back if you get the certificate. C. You should contact a salesman before buying the course. D. You can suit your own learning process while taking the class. B “I first saw the Great Wall on a map in 1967 when I was only 11 years old. I spent a long time trying to work out how long the Great Wall was, but I failed. I thought I would surely go there one day,” said William Lindesay, a Great Wall researcher from the UK. The Englishman did what he said. He came to China in 1986 with a plan to run the whole length of the Great Wall. But that year his goal was not achieved. William came back a year later and realized his dream. In 1990, he decided to live in China. Then he bought a farmhouse near the Great Wall. “Many people wonder why I’m obsessed greatly by the Great Wall. The first reason is that it’s beautiful, and the second thing is that it’s outdoors. There’s history in the outdoors. You need to move to discover it. And the third point is it’s fun. The Great Wall is in my mind every day,” said William. William’s younger son Thomas said, “I often describe my childhood as ‘wild’, staying at the foot of the Great Wall almost every weekend. It’s amazing because not many people get to see such world heritage all the time, and I got to see it all year around.” His elder son James said, “Living here has a lot of effect on how I see the Great Wall. It’s almost like my backyard, so I should protect it.” William has published 11 books about the Great Wall in 30 years. He has also completed several photo projects on the Great Wall. “It made me so happy when our film was shown on the BBC. For the first time we got an hour and a half to open the eyes of the British , and show them what the Great Wall is. We received lots of emails from people saying that they really enjoyed it and didn’t know that China was so beautiful. I became a ‘Great Wall ambassador (大使)’,” said William. 4. What do we know about William Lindesay? A. He runs a farm near the Great Wall. B. He measured the length of Great Wall in 1986. C. His father was an expert on the Great Wall. D. He didn’t climb the Great Wall in his teens. 5. What does the underlined word “obsessed” mean in paragraph 3? A. Reminded. B. Attracted. C. Struck. D. Buried. 6. Why Thomas and James are mentioned in paragraph 4? A. To introduce their home’s location. B. To encourage people to protect the Great Wall. C. To describe the childhood of William’s children. D. To show the Great Wall’s impact on William’s children. 7. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. William’s sons will work in the film industry. B. William has become a famous director for his film. C. William has promoted the spread of Chinese culture abroad. D. William will work for the Chinese government in the future. C Dopamine (多巴胺) is often considered as the source of pleasure. But that’s not quite what it does. Dopamine is what makes us desire things. And it’s that desire that gives us the motivation to get up and do things. In fact, your brain considers something more important than others mainly depending on how much dopamine it’s expecting to get. If an activity releases a lot of dopamine, you’ll be motivated to repeat it, over and over. So which behavior releases dopamine? Any activity where you expect there’s a possible reward releases it. And in today’s digital society, we are flooding our brains with unnaturally high amounts of dopamine on a daily basis, even if we don’t know it. Some examples of high dopamine behavior include: visiting social media websites, playing video games, etc. And you might think, “Oh so what? It’s not like it’s harming me in any way.” But you’d be wrong. Our bodies have a biologically balanced system. Whenever an imbalance occurs, our body adapts to it. Basically, your brain gets used to having high levels of dopamine and those levels become your new normal. Thus, you develop a dopamine tolerance. This can be a huge problem because the things that don’t give you as much dopamine don’t interest you any longer. That’s why people tend to prefer playing video games or surfing the Internet, compared to studying or working on their business. But it is possible to make doing difficult things feel easier. Separate yourself from the unnaturally high amounts of dopamine, or at least expose yourself to it far less frequently. Only then will normal, everyday, low dopamine activities become exciting again and you’ll be able to do them for longer. That’s why you might want to limit your phone and computer usage, along with other high dopamine-releasing behavior. We are all dopamine addicts to a certain extent. And that’s a good thing because dopamine motivates us to achieve our goals and improve ourselves. But it’s up to you to decide where you’re going to get your dopamine. 8. When is dopamine released? A. When tough things come into being. B. When we are encouraged to do things. C. When we take pleasure in the behavior. D. When possible rewards can be obtained. 9. What can we learn from the passage? A. Dopamine does great harm to our body. B. It’s difficult for our body to keep the balance. C. Video games produce more dopamine than study. D. Dopamine tolerance keeps us away from social media. 10. What is the purpose of the fifth paragraph? A. To explain why dopamine is harmful. B. To introduce the effects of dopamine. C. To stress the importance of dopamine. D. To offer solutions to dopamine tolerance. 11. What is the author’s attitude toward dopamine? A. Doubtful. B. Objective. C. Concerned. D. Negative. D Is it time to put the brakes on the development of artificial intelligence? If you've quietly asked yourself that question, you're not alone. In late March, a group of AI experts signed an open letter calling for a six-month pause on the development of more powerful models than GPT-4; European researchers called for tighter AI regulations; and long-time AI researcher Yudkowsky demanded a complete shutdown of AI development. Meanwhile, the industry shows no sign of slowing down. In March, a senior AI executive at Microsoft spoke of “very, very high” pressure from chief executive to get GPT-4 and other new models to the public “at a very high speed ”. GPT-4 is much larger and has been trained on significantly more data. Like other large language models, GPT-4 works by guessing the next word in response to prompts(提示). In tests, it passed legal and medical exams, and can write software better than professionals in many cases. And its full range of abilities is yet to be discovered. GPT-4 and models like it are likely to have huge effects across many layers of society. They could facilitate personalized phishing(网络钓鱼) attacks, produce disinformation at scale, and be used to hack through the net -work security around computer systems. Open AI's own research suggests models like GPT-4 are “general-purpose technologies” which will influence 80 percent of the US workforce. Professions such as customer services, primary translations and editing, and security guard will be greatly impacted. Moreover, technology is accelerating much faster than our ability to understand and regulate it. If we're not careful, it will also drive changes that are too fast for safety. The US sociologist E. O. Wilson described the dangers of change like so: “The real problem of humanity is the following: we have Paleolithic(旧石器时代的) emotions, medieval(中世纪的) institutions and god-like technology.” I believe a wise course of action is to slow down and think about where we want to take these technologies. It is not about stopping, but rather moving at a sustainable pace of progress. We can choose to steer this technology, rather than assume it has a life of its own we can't control. 12. How is the first paragraph mainly developed? A. By listing reasons. B. By giving examples. C. By making comparisons. D. By analyzing cause and effect. 13. What do we know about GPT-4? A. It has no match in software writing. B. AI experts have stopped its development. C We don't have a clear picture of what it can do. D It works by creating the next word with no need for prompts. 14. Which of the following does E .O. Wilson probably agree with? A. We manage to keep up with AI Technology. B. We can be taken back to ancient times by AI Technology. C AI Technology is developing too fast and beyond our control. D. AI Technology has a minor impact on different fields of society. 15. What might be a suitable title for the text? A. Time to Adjust to AI B. Time to Go Slow on AI C. An Urgent Stop to AI D. A Significant Progress of AI 第二节(共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分 12.5 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Camping essentials (必需品) Camping can be a fun and cheap family activity or vacation. But you do need quite a few supplies to manage life in the great outdoors. ___16___ . And remember to check your camping essentials. Tent Unless you’re sleeping under the stars or you have a camper or an RV, don’t forget the obvious one: a tent! Check the measurements and user reviews when you are buying one. Sleeping Bag and Pillow Even if the weather looks hot for your camping trip, bring a sleeping bag for every camper. Without a pillow, you would be facing a rocky night’s sleep. ___17___. ___18___ Flashlights are another camping item. Bring multiple flashlights and extra batteries, and also consider buying a camping lantern. Lanterns are great because they shed more light in all directions and stand on their own so that you can play cards or games at night. The Anti-itch Cream Keep away from mosquitoes, black flies and other biters. Don’t forget the anti-itch cream to apply after insect bites. ___19___. Ask doctors for which products to use. Campfire Supplies Matches stored in a plastic bag, dry firewood and dry newspapers are all you need for a campfire. ___20___. Each campfire should have its own stone campfire spot and many also provide a cast-iron shelf for cooking on. In addition, there are other camping essentials, such as kitchen items, bottled food and water, toilet paper, first-aid kits, and books and games. All the above can enrich your outdoor camping. A. Cards or games B. Flashlights and lanterns C. Kids also like having a pillow for the long car ride D. Bring clothes for all types of weather, from hot to rainy days E. Find out what you’ll need to pack for your camping adventure F. You and your kids can do a quick hunt for dry wood for your fire G. Just keep in mind that many sprays contain high levels of chemicals 第三部分 完形填空(共15 小题；每小题1 分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 We moved there on my third birthday. My first ____21____ is our neighbor Arlene handing me strawberries from her garden through a hole in the chain-link fence. She and her husband, Bill, lived next door. One day, my parents asked Bill and Arlene whether they’d watch me ____22____ they were out on a date. This ____23____ well for everyone, so it became a somewhat monthly occurrence. Arlene and Bill didn’t have kids. They had a ____24____ room in their house, which became “my” room. I had a cabinet (储藏柜) and boxes of toys and books in that room, Arlene and I would do crafts (做工艺品) together. Bill taught me how to ____25____ the lawn (草坪) tractor and eventually a car(stick and automatic). When I was about five, I had an idea. My parents were watching TV when I spit it out: “What if I adopt Bill and Arlene as my ____26____ ?” My parents said I could go over and ask them. I ____27____ on Bill and Arlene’s door, sat down in their living room, and said, “Will you guys be my grandparents?” They started crying and ____28____ accepted. Soon after, they printed out an adoption ____29____ , and it hung on their living room wall from then on. I remember being surprised that they took my ____30____ so seriously — not because I wasn’t serious but because I was just a kid. They could have ____31____ it off. Thinking of that moment still brings tears to my eyes. There is something truly magnificent about a child offering up her love and ____32____ being so excited to accept it. Every child in this world ____33____ enthusiastically responded love. Arlene passed away in 2013, two days before our adoption anniversary. Bill gave her eulogy (悼词). At the end, he said, “Arlene ____34____ her husband, Bill. And the greatest joy of her life, her granddaughter, Katie.” After the funeral, Bill gave me the ring he’d gifted to Arlene on their 25th wedding anniversary. It’s a simple gold band that I wear on my ring finger as a ____35____ of the kind of love I wish to put into this world. 21 A. thought B. impression C. memory D. communication 22. A. while B. though C. unless D. because 23. A. improved B. worked C. performed D. operated 24. A. private B. spare C. public D. smooth 25. A. drive B. build C. store D. select 26. A. relations B. friends C. children D. grandparents 27. A. observed B. called C. knocked D. stroke 28. A. enthusiastically B. reluctantly C. voluntarily D. unwillingly 29. A. academy B. commitment C. certificate D. procedure 30. A. charge B. offer C. sentence D. favor. 31. A. kicked B. laughed C. kept D. wiped 32. A. people B. parents C. adults D. friends 33. A. refuses B. hopes C. receives D. deserves 34. A. leaves behind B. counts on C. gives away D. submits to 35. A. reminder B. suggestion C. proof D. present 第 Ⅱ卷(非选择题) 第四部分 写作 (共四节 满分55分) 第一节 语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分， 满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Sun Zi Bingfa, or The Art of War, is one of the most ___36___ (influence) military books in the whole history of humankind and ___37___ (read) for more than 2,000 years. Sun Tzu, a legendary military Chinese strategist during the Spring and Autumn Period, is regarded as the ultimate master of war. Sun Tzu moved to the State of Wu in 532 BC, and later completed the great military work___38___ (compose) of 13 articles altogether, ___39___ he fully demonstrated his insight into warfare. He suggested ___40___ (analyze) the conditions between one side and the rival before drawing the war plan. He emphasized the victorious general must be familiar with his enemies just as___41___ himself. He also explained two types of decisive factors: the objective and stable one, like the ___42___ (effective) of the army; and the subjective and changeable one, like the spirit of the soldiers. He believed that competition of economy between states is ___43___ nature of war. Meanwhile, the supreme art and goal of war is ___44___ (defeat) the enemy with strategies instead of only force. His spirit and wisdom___45___ (unique) remind us that peace is the common objective we should pursue. 第二节 应用文 写作一(满分15分) 46. 我们的祖国地大物博，风景名胜众多，请你运用所学内容，介绍一个国内你喜欢或去过的地方。题目已给出。内容包括： （1）该地方的基本情况（如名称、地理位置等）； （2）该地方的特色（如文化、景点等）； （3）你对该地方的印象和感受。 注意： （1）词数不少于100： （2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。 A Beautiful Place in China ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第三节 读后续写(满分 25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was a hot day in the middle of July. I decided to walk to the neighborhood store where it sold my favorite thing, ice cream. I pulled a friend towards the ice cream store, almost passing out from the burning sun on the way. As we walked on, my friend kept saying that it was too hot. She thought that she was stupid to decide to come with me to buy ice cream. I felt sorry and tried to encourage her. “We're almost there. Just think of the cool and sweet taste of ice cream in your mouth. It'll be worth the walk,” I told her. But I had to admit that the store was quite a distance from our houses. During the journey, my mouth began to become dry and I wanted to drink. When we were about a block away from the store, I noticed an old lady who was walking in our direction. She was about 70 years old. She had a big back problem, so she was unable to keep her back straight. She was struggling, pushing a shopping cart full of things like the soap, bread and water. With each step toward her, we began to see her appearance more clearly. It appeared that she was often unhappy and easy to get angry. I looked at my friend to see if she had noticed her. I could see that she had and that she disliked the old lady due to the lady's appearance. As we approached the lady pushing the shopping cart, my friend directed me away from the old lady and the cart. I began to observe other passers-by. They were also trying to avoid her. Suddenly I heard a terrible sound behind me. I quickly turned around to see what it was. I found the lady's cart had been knocked over by something on the ground. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: Things in the shopping cart like the soap all dropped on the ground. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Then my friend continued walking on while I went to the lady. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力1-5. ABBCC 6-10. ACBAC 11-15. ABCAC 16-20. BBABA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 安阳一中2023—2024学年第二学期期末考试 高一英语试题卷 第Ⅰ卷(选择题, 共95分) 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分，不计入总分) 第一节 (共 5小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 7.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When will the movie start? A. At 8:30. B. At 8:00. C. At 7:30. 2. What does the woman ask the man to do? A. Try on the shirt. B. Pack the shirt. C. Pick a gift for her husband. 3. Why is the man pleased? A. He has a holiday. B. He gets a promotion. C. He finds a new job. 4. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Doctor and patient. C. Classmates. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. A dish. B. A waiter. C. A restaurant. 第二节 (共 15 小题; 每小题 1。5 分, 满分 22.5 分) 听下面5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料,回答第 6、7 题。 6. How does the woman sound at first? A. Annoyed. B. Tired. C. Surprised. 7. What does the man offer to do? A. Order some coffee. B. Buy film tickets. C. Prepare breakfast. 听下面一段对话，完成以下小题。 8. Why does Emest suggest starting the program? A. To raise workers' pay. B. To unite the staff. C. To promote the sales. 9. What do the speakers agree to do? A. Seek other options. B. Carry out the program. C. Ask for workers' opinions. 听下面一段对话，完成以下小题。 10. What does Casey ask for? A. A new photographer. B. Some files. C. More time. 11. Why couldn't Michael appear in the photos? A. He wasn't in good health. B. He wasn't interested in it. C. He wasn't in the design team. 12 What is the woman's attitude toward Casey's request? A. Supportive. B. Disapproving. C. Uninterested. 听下面一段对话，完成以下小题。 13. What does the man want to do? A. Listen to classical music. B. Work with more students. C. Mix different music styles. 14. What is the woman's favorite part of the project? A. Holding a live concert. B. Having a large audience. C. Attending an online show. 15. Who is good at drums? A. A Chinese girl. B. An English boy. C. A Brazilian boy. 16. What chance does the project offer students? A. Running a workshop. B. Learning from music experts. C. Performing in different countries. 听下面一段独白，完成以下小题。 17. How was the weather yesterday? A. Cloudy. B. Rainy. C. Sunny. 18. Why can't people enter the town hall? A. It is under repair. B. It is too old to be safe. C. It is. open for staff only. 19. What can people do in the park? A. Play tennis. B. Watch birds. C. Swim in the lake. 20. Which place is near the river? A. A cafe. B. A market. C. A restaurant. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15 小题; 每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Online Fire Safety Class NATIONALLY RECOGNIZED This online Fire Safety Class has been designed to present topics relevant to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) training requirement. EASILY ACCESSIBLE Our Fire Safety Class is 100% online and self-paced, which allows you to start and stop at any time and as often as necessary to adjust your schedule. The course can also be taken on any device that has access to the Internet: Desktop computers Laptop computers Tablets Smart phones You can even start on one device and continue on another! GUARANTEED (保证) ACCEPTANCE Your Fire Safety Class certificate (证书) comes backed by a 100% money-back guarantee. If your certificate is not accepted for any reason, contact us and let us know. We will refund you the full price of the course. LOWEST PRICE GUARANTEE Starting at only $25, we offer the lowest price with absolutely no hidden fees; guaranteed! Course duration Total price Start now 1 hour $25 Start your I-hour course now 3 hour $35 Start your 3-hour course now 5 hour $40 Start your 5-hour course now The buying process is straightforward and simple: you never need to speak with a salesperson and you can register and get started right now entirely on your own 1. Where can you take the class? A. On TV. B. On the radio. C. On computers. D. On any phone. 2. If you take the 5-hour class and you fail it, how much would you pay? A. $0 B. $25 C. $35 D. $40 3 Which of the following statements is true? A. You can take the class only on a fixed device. B. You can get your money back if you get the certificate. C. You should contact a salesman before buying the course. D. You can suit your own learning process while taking the class. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一个网络消防安全课程的一些基本情况。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章标题“Online Fire Safety Class”和第一段“This online Fire Safety Class has been designed to present…”可知，因为是网络课程，你可以在电脑上上这门课程。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据价格表格中的Course duration(课程持续时间) 5 hour和Total price(总价格) $40可知，如果你上了5个小时的课却挂科了，需支付40美元。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四行“Our Fire Safety Class is 100% online and self-paced, which allows you to start and stop at any time and as often as necessary to adjust your schedule.(我们的消防安全课程是100%在线和自我进度，这允许您开始和停止在任何时间，并经常作为必要的调整您的时间表)”可知，选项A. You can take the class only on a fixed device.(你只能在固定设备上上课)错误，选项D. You can suit your own learning process while taking the class.(你可以根据自己的学习过程选择合适的课程)正确；根据GUARANTEED(保证) ACCEPTANCE 中“If your certificate is not accepted for any reason, contact us and let us know. We will refund you the full price of the course.(如果您的证书因任何原因不被接受，请与我们联系并让我们知道。我们将全额退还您的课程费用)”可知，选项B. You can get your money back if you get the certificate.(如果您拿到证书，就可以拿回您的钱)错误；根据最后一行“you never need to speak with a salesperson(你永远不需要和销售人员交谈)”可知，选项C. You should contact a salesman before buying the course.(你应该在购买课程之前联系一下销售人员)错误；由此可知，选项D描述正确。故选D。 B “I first saw the Great Wall on a map in 1967 when I was only 11 years old. I spent a long time trying to work out how long the Great Wall was, but I failed. I thought I would surely go there one day,” said William Lindesay, a Great Wall researcher from the UK. The Englishman did what he said. He came to China in 1986 with a plan to run the whole length of the Great Wall. But that year his goal was not achieved. William came back a year later and realized his dream. In 1990, he decided to live in China. Then he bought a farmhouse near the Great Wall. “Many people wonder why I’m obsessed greatly by the Great Wall. The first reason is that it’s beautiful, and the second thing is that it’s outdoors. There’s history in the outdoors. You need to move to discover it. And the third point is it’s fun. The Great Wall is in my mind every day,” said William. William’s younger son Thomas said, “I often describe my childhood as ‘wild’, staying at the foot of the Great Wall almost every weekend. It’s amazing because not many people get to see such world heritage all the time, and I got to see it all year around.” His elder son James said, “Living here has a lot of effect on how I see the Great Wall. It’s almost like my backyard, so I should protect it.” William has published 11 books about the Great Wall in 30 years. He has also completed several photo projects on the Great Wall. “It made me so happy when our film was shown on the BBC. For the first time we got an hour and a half to open the eyes of the British , and show them what the Great Wall is. We received lots of emails from people saying that they really enjoyed it and didn’t know that China was so beautiful. I became a ‘Great Wall ambassador (大使)’,” said William. 4. What do we know about William Lindesay? A. He runs a farm near the Great Wall. B. He measured the length of Great Wall in 1986. C. His father was an expert on the Great Wall. D. He didn’t climb the Great Wall in his teens. 5. What does the underlined word “obsessed” mean in paragraph 3? A. Reminded. B. Attracted. C. Struck. D. Buried. 6. Why Thomas and James are mentioned in paragraph 4? A. To introduce their home’s location. B. To encourage people to protect the Great Wall. C. To describe the childhood of William’s children. D. To show the Great Wall’s impact on William’s children. 7. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. William’s sons will work in the film industry. B. William has become a famous director for his film. C. William has promoted the spread of Chinese culture abroad. D. William will work for the Chinese government in the future. 【答案】4. D 5. B 6. D 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了来自英国的William Lindesay对长城的喜爱。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“I first saw the Great Wall on a map in 1967 when I was only 11 years old. I spent a long time trying to work out how long the Great Wall was, but I failed. I thought I would surely go there one day(我第一次在地图上看到长城是在1967年，当时我只有11岁。我花了很长时间试图算出长城有多长，但我失败了。我想总有一天我一定会去那里)”和第二段“The Englishman did what he said. He came to China in 1986 with a plan to run the whole length of the Great Wall.(这个英国人说到做到。1986年，他带着跑完长城的计划来到中国)”可知，William Lindesay十几岁时没爬过长城。故选D。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“The first reason is that it’s beautiful, and the second thing is that it’s outdoors. There’s history in the outdoors. You need to move to discover it. And the third point is it’s fun. The Great Wall is in my mind every day(第一个原因是它很美，第二个原因是它在户外。户外也有历史。你需要行动起来去发现它。第三点是它很有趣。长城每天都在我的脑海里)”可知，William给出了喜欢长城的三个原因。由此推知，划线句讲的是他被长城吸引的原因，故划线词为“吸引，着迷”的意思。故选B。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“William’s younger son Thomas said, “I often describe my childhood as ‘wild’, staying at the foot of the Great Wall almost every weekend. It’s amazing because not many people get to see such world heritage all the time, and I got to see it all year around.” His elder son James said, “Living here has a lot of effect on how I see the Great Wall. It’s almost like my backyard, so I should protect it.”(威廉王子的小儿子托马斯说：“我经常用‘狂野’来形容我的童年，几乎每个周末都待在长城脚下。这太神奇了，因为没有多少人能一直看到这样的世界遗产，而我全年都能看到它。”他的大儿子詹姆斯说：“住在这里对我对长城的看法有很大影响。它几乎就像我的后院，所以我应该保护它。”)”可推知，第四段提到了托马斯和詹姆斯是为了说明长城对威廉的孩子们的影响。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“We received lots of emails from people saying that they really enjoyed it and didn’t know that China was so beautiful. I became a ‘Great Wall ambassador (大使)’(我们收到了很多来自人们的电子邮件，说他们真的很喜欢中国，不知道中国是如此美丽。我成了“长城大使”)”可推知，William推进了中国文化在国外的传播。故选C。 C Dopamine (多巴胺) is often considered as the source of pleasure. But that’s not quite what it does. Dopamine is what makes us desire things. And it’s that desire that gives us the motivation to get up and do things. In fact, your brain considers something more important than others mainly depending on how much dopamine it’s expecting to get. If an activity releases a lot of dopamine, you’ll be motivated to repeat it, over and over. So which behavior releases dopamine? Any activity where you expect there’s a possible reward releases it. And in today’s digital society, we are flooding our brains with unnaturally high amounts of dopamine on a daily basis, even if we don’t know it. Some examples of high dopamine behavior include: visiting social media websites, playing video games, etc. And you might think, “Oh so what? It’s not like it’s harming me in any way.” But you’d be wrong. Our bodies have a biologically balanced system. Whenever an imbalance occurs, our body adapts to it. Basically, your brain gets used to having high levels of dopamine and those levels become your new normal. Thus, you develop a dopamine tolerance. This can be a huge problem because the things that don’t give you as much dopamine don’t interest you any longer. That’s why people tend to prefer playing video games or surfing the Internet, compared to studying or working on their business. But it is possible to make doing difficult things feel easier. Separate yourself from the unnaturally high amounts of dopamine, or at least expose yourself to it far less frequently. Only then will normal, everyday, low dopamine activities become exciting again and you’ll be able to do them for longer. That’s why you might want to limit your phone and computer usage, along with other high dopamine-releasing behavior. We are all dopamine addicts to a certain extent. And that’s a good thing because dopamine motivates us to achieve our goals and improve ourselves. But it’s up to you to decide where you’re going to get your dopamine. 8. When is dopamine released? A. When tough things come into being. B. When we are encouraged to do things. C. When we take pleasure in the behavior. D. When possible rewards can be obtained. 9. What can we learn from the passage? A. Dopamine does great harm to our body. B. It’s difficult for our body to keep the balance. C. Video games produce more dopamine than study. D. Dopamine tolerance keeps us away from social media. 10. What is the purpose of the fifth paragraph? A. To explain why dopamine is harmful. B. To introduce the effects of dopamine. C. To stress the importance of dopamine. D. To offer solutions to dopamine tolerance. 11. What is the author’s attitude toward dopamine? A. Doubtful. B. Objective. C. Concerned. D. Negative. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. D 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了多巴胺和我们的动力以及数字社会中高多巴胺行为对人们的影响。高多巴胺行为会让人们越来越依赖它，导致对一些低多巴胺行为的兴趣下降，影响学习或工作。文章建议减少高多巴胺行为的频率，让日常的低多巴胺行为变得更有吸引力。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“So which behavior releases dopamine? Any activity where you expect there’s a possible reward releases it.(那么哪种行为会释放多巴胺呢？任何你预期会有奖励的活动都会释放它。)”可知，在可能的情况下获得奖励，该活动则会释放多巴胺。故选D。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“This can be a huge problem because the things that don’t give you as much dopamine don’t interest you any longer. That’s why people tend to prefer playing video games or surfing the Internet, compared to studying or working on their business.(这可能是一个巨大的问题，因为那些没有给你那么多多巴胺的东西不再让你感兴趣了。这就是为什么与学习或工作相比，人们更喜欢玩电子游戏或上网。)”可知，不能一直让你产生多巴胺的活动则不会在让你感兴趣，这也就是为什么学习或者从事自己的业务比不上游戏或者上网，因为游戏或者上网可以一直让你产生多巴胺即电子游戏比学习产生更多的多巴胺。故选C。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“ Basically, your brain gets used to having high levels of dopamine and those levels become your new normal. Thus, you develop a dopamine tolerance. (基本上，你的大脑习惯了高水平的多巴胺，这些水平成为你的新常态。因此，你会产生多巴胺耐受性。)”可知，此处提出了人的大脑习惯了高水平的多巴胺，因此会产生多巴胺耐受的问题。同时根据第五段中“Separate yourself from the unnaturally high amounts of dopamine, or at least expose yourself to it far less frequently. Only then will normal, everyday, low dopamine activities become exciting again and you’ll be able to do them for longer. (让自己远离不自然的大量多巴胺，或者至少让自己少接触多巴胺。只有这样，正常的、日常的、低多巴胺的活动才会再次变得令人兴奋，你才能做得更长。)”可知，此处主要强调的是如何避免或者解决多巴胺的耐受问题即远离不自然的大量多巴胺，或者至少让自己少接触多巴胺。故本段的目的是为多巴胺耐受性提供解决方案。故选D。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Dopamine (多巴胺) is often considered as the source of pleasure. But that’s not quite what it does. Dopamine is what makes us desire things. (多巴胺通常被认为是快乐的来源。但这并不完全是它的作用。多巴胺让我们产生欲望。)”以及倒数第三段中“Thus, you develop a dopamine tolerance. This can be a huge problem because the things that don’t give you as much dopamine don’t interest you any longer. That’s why people tend to prefer playing video games or surfing the Internet, compared to studying or working on their business.( 因此，你会产生多巴胺耐受性。这可能是一个大问题，因为不能给你那么多多巴胺的事情不再让你感兴趣。这就是为什么人们更喜欢玩电子游戏或上网，而不是学习或从事自己的业务。)”以及最后一段中“We are all dopamine addicts to a certain extent. And that’s a good thing because dopamine motivates us to achieve our goals and improve ourselves. But it’s up to you to decide where you’re going to get your dopamine.(在某种程度上，我们都是多巴胺成瘾者。这是一件好事，因为多巴胺会激励我们实现目标，提高自我。但从哪里获得多巴胺取决于你自己。)”可知，作者指出多巴胺可以是快乐的源泉，能够激励我们实现目标，提高自我，可是同时容易出现多巴胺耐受状况，出现游戏、网络上瘾最终舍弃自己的学习或者业务，因此作者对多巴胺的态度是客观的。故选B。 D Is it time to put the brakes on the development of artificial intelligence? If you've quietly asked yourself that question, you're not alone. In late March, a group of AI experts signed an open letter calling for a six-month pause on the development of more powerful models than GPT-4; European researchers called for tighter AI regulations; and long-time AI researcher Yudkowsky demanded a complete shutdown of AI development. Meanwhile, the industry shows no sign of slowing down. In March, a senior AI executive at Microsoft spoke of “very, very high” pressure from chief executive to get GPT-4 and other new models to the public “at a very high speed ”. GPT-4 is much larger and has been trained on significantly more data. Like other large language models, GPT-4 works by guessing the next word in response to prompts(提示). In tests, it passed legal and medical exams, and can write software better than professionals in many cases. And its full range of abilities is yet to be discovered. GPT-4 and models like it are likely to have huge effects across many layers of society. They could facilitate personalized phishing(网络钓鱼) attacks, produce disinformation at scale, and be used to hack through the net -work security around computer systems. Open AI's own research suggests models like GPT-4 are “general-purpose technologies” which will influence 80 percent of the US workforce. Professions such as customer services, primary translations and editing, and security guard will be greatly impacted. Moreover, technology is accelerating much faster than our ability to understand and regulate it. If we're not careful, it will also drive changes that are too fast for safety. The US sociologist E. O. Wilson described the dangers of change like so: “The real problem of humanity is the following: we have Paleolithic(旧石器时代的) emotions, medieval(中世纪的) institutions and god-like technology.” I believe a wise course of action is to slow down and think about where we want to take these technologies. It is not about stopping, but rather moving at a sustainable pace of progress. We can choose to steer this technology, rather than assume it has a life of its own we can't control. 12. How is the first paragraph mainly developed? A. By listing reasons. B. By giving examples. C. By making comparisons. D. By analyzing cause and effect. 13. What do we know about GPT-4? A. It has no match in software writing. B AI experts have stopped its development. C. We don't have a clear picture of what it can do. D. It works by creating the next word with no need for prompts. 14. Which of the following does E .O. Wilson probably agree with? A. We manage to keep up with AI Technology. B. We can be taken back to ancient times by AI Technology. C. AI Technology is developing too fast and beyond our control. D. AI Technology has a minor impact on different fields of society. 15. What might be a suitable title for the text? A. Time to Adjust to AI B. Time to Go Slow on AI C. An Urgent Stop to AI D. A Significant Progress of AI 【答案】12. B 13. C 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。讲述了AI技术了发展太快，技术的发展速度远远快于我们理解和管理它的能力。作者呼吁我们要放缓AI技术的发展速度。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。文章第一段第三句“In late March, a group of AI experts signed an open letter calling for a six-month pause on the development of more powerful models than GPT-4; European researchers called for tighter AI regulations; and long-time AI researcher Yudkowsky demanded a complete shutdown of AI development.”(3月下旬，一组人工智能专家签署了一封公开信，呼吁暂停开发比GPT-4更强大的模型六个月；欧洲研究人员呼吁加强人工智能监管；长期从事人工智能研究的尤德考斯基要求完全停止人工智能开发。)可知，作者列举了三个例子说明很多人要求暂停人工智能的发展。故选A项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。文章第二段最后一句“And its full range of abilities is yet to be discovered.”(它的全部能力还有待发现)。可知，对于GPT-4的能力，即它能做什么还不清楚。故选C项。 14题详解】 推理判断题。文章第三段最后一句“The US sociologist E. O. Wilson described the dangers of change like so: “The real problem of humanity is the following: we have Paleolithic(旧石器时代的) emotions, medieval(中世纪的) institutions and god-like technology.””(美国社会学家E.O.Wilson这样描述变革的危险：“人类真正的问题是：我们有旧石器时代 情绪，中世纪的机构和上帝般的技术。”)可知，E. O. Wilson 将AI技术描绘为上帝般的技术，他的言下之意是我们无法掌控AI技术。故选C项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。文章最后一段“I believe a wise course of action is to slow down and think about where we want to take these technologies. It is not about stopping, but rather moving at a sustainable pace of progress. We can choose to steer this technology, rather than assume it has a life of its own we can't control.”(我认为明智的做法是放慢脚步，思考我们想把这些技术带到哪里去。这不是要停下来，而是要以可持续的速度前进。我们可以选择引导这项技术，而不是假设它有一个我们无法控制的生命。)可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是呼吁放慢速度，减缓AI技术的发展。故选B项。 第二节(共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分 12.5 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Camping essentials (必需品) Camping can be a fun and cheap family activity or vacation. But you do need quite a few supplies to manage life in the great outdoors. ___16___ . And remember to check your camping essentials. Tent Unless you’re sleeping under the stars or you have a camper or an RV, don’t forget the obvious one: a tent! Check the measurements and user reviews when you are buying one. Sleeping Bag and Pillow Even if the weather looks hot for your camping trip, bring a sleeping bag for every camper. Without a pillow, you would be facing a rocky night’s sleep. ___17___. ___18___ Flashlights are another camping item. Bring multiple flashlights and extra batteries, and also consider buying a camping lantern. Lanterns are great because they shed more light in all directions and stand on their own so that you can play cards or games at night. The Anti-itch Cream Keep away from mosquitoes, black flies and other biters. Don’t forget the anti-itch cream to apply after insect bites. ___19___. Ask doctors for which products to use. Campfire Supplies Matches stored in a plastic bag, dry firewood and dry newspapers are all you need for a campfire. ___20___. Each campfire should have its own stone campfire spot and many also provide a cast-iron shelf for cooking on. In addition, there are other camping essentials, such as kitchen items, bottled food and water, toilet paper, first-aid kits, and books and games. All the above can enrich your outdoor camping. A. Cards or games B. Flashlights and lanterns C. Kids also like having a pillow for the long car ride D. Bring clothes for all types of weather, from hot to rainy days E. Find out what you’ll need to pack for your camping adventure F. You and your kids can do a quick hunt for dry wood for your fire G. Just keep in mind that many sprays contain high levels of chemicals 【答案】16. E 17. C 18. B 19. G 20. F 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。露营可以是一种既有趣又便宜的家庭活动或假期。文章就露营需要携带的物品给出了五点建议。 【16题详解】 根据上文But you do need quite a few supplies to manage life in the great outdoors.可知你确实需要一些用品来应对户外生活。可知下文应是继续建议：找出你需要为你的野营冒险准备的东西。故选E。 【17题详解】 根据上文Without a pillow, you would be facing a rocky night’s sleep. 没有枕头，夜晚你将睡不好。关键词pillow可对应到C选项中having a pillow，意思是：孩子们也喜欢在长途汽车旅行时有一个枕头。故选C。 【18题详解】 根据下文第一句Flashlights are another camping item.可知提到了手电筒是另一种露营用品。故本段为建议带上手电筒或者提灯等照明设备，故选B。 【19题详解】 根据上文Don’t forget the anti-itch cream to apply after insect bites.可知别忘了在被昆虫叮咬后使用止痒霜。以及后文Ask doctors for which products to use. 询问医生使用哪些产品。可知是因为许多喷雾剂含有高浓度的化学物质，因此在使用前要咨询医生的意见，故选G。 【20题详解】 根据上文Matches stored in a plastic bag, dry firewood and dry newspapers are all you need for a campfire.可知火柴储存在塑料袋里，干柴和干报纸是你生火所需要的一切。提到了campfire可对应到F选项中for your fire，意思为：你和你的孩子可以快速寻找干木头来生火。故选F。 第三部分 完形填空(共15 小题；每小题1 分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 We moved there on my third birthday. My first ____21____ is our neighbor Arlene handing me strawberries from her garden through a hole in the chain-link fence. She and her husband, Bill, lived next door. One day, my parents asked Bill and Arlene whether they’d watch me ____22____ they were out on a date. This ____23____ well for everyone, so it became a somewhat monthly occurrence. Arlene and Bill didn’t have kids. They had a ____24____ room in their house, which became “my” room. I had a cabinet (储藏柜) and boxes of toys and books in that room, Arlene and I would do crafts (做工艺品) together. Bill taught me how to ____25____ the lawn (草坪) tractor and eventually a car(stick and automatic). When I was about five, I had an idea. My parents were watching TV when I spit it out: “What if I adopt Bill and Arlene as my ____26____ ?” My parents said I could go over and ask them. I ____27____ on Bill and Arlene’s door, sat down in their living room, and said, “Will you guys be my grandparents?” They started crying and ____28____ accepted. Soon after, they printed out an adoption ____29____ , and it hung on their living room wall from then on. I remember being surprised that they took my ____30____ so seriously — not because I wasn’t serious but because I was just a kid. They could have ____31____ it off. Thinking of that moment still brings tears to my eyes. There is something truly magnificent about a child offering up her love and ____32____ being so excited to accept it. Every child in this world ____33____ enthusiastically responded love. Arlene passed away in 2013, two days before our adoption anniversary. Bill gave her eulogy (悼词). At the end, he said, “Arlene ____34____ her husband, Bill. And the greatest joy of her life, her granddaughter, Katie.” After the funeral, Bill gave me the ring he’d gifted to Arlene on their 25th wedding anniversary. It’s a simple gold band that I wear on my ring finger as a ____35____ of the kind of love I wish to put into this world. 21. A. thought B. impression C. memory D. communication 22. A. while B. though C. unless D. because 23. A. improved B. worked C. performed D. operated 24. A. private B. spare C. public D. smooth 25. A. drive B. build C. store D. select 26. A. relations B. friends C. children D. grandparents 27. A. observed B. called C. knocked D. stroke 28. A. enthusiastically B. reluctantly C. voluntarily D. unwillingly 29. A. academy B. commitment C. certificate D. procedure 30. A. charge B. offer C. sentence D. favor. 31. A. kicked B. laughed C. kept D. wiped 32. A. people B. parents C. adults D. friends 33. A. refuses B. hopes C. receives D. deserves 34. A. leaves behind B. counts on C. gives away D. submits to 35. A. reminder B. suggestion C. proof D. present 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. B 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是作者的邻居是一对年迈且没有孩子的老人，作者在小的时候父母外出时经常被这对老人照顾；作者请求这对夫妻做自己的祖父母的感人故事。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最早的记忆是我们的邻居Arlene从铁丝网的一个洞里把她花园里的草莓递给我。A. thought想法；B. impression印象；C. memory记忆；D. communication交流。根据上文“We moved there on my third birthday.(我三岁生日的时候我们搬到了那里)” 可知是作者搬到那里之后的最早的记忆。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：一天，我父母问Bill和Arlene，他们出去约会的时候能不能帮我照看一下。A. while在……期间；B. though尽管；C. unless除非；D. because因为。根据后句“they were out on a date”可知是作者的父母出去约会的时候，请邻居照看作者。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这对每个人都很有效，所以它变成了每月发生一次。A. improved提高，改善；B. worked奏效；C. performed更喜欢；D. operated操作。根据下文“so it became a somewhat monthly occurrence.”可知，这对于每个人都起作用，因此成了每个月发生的事件。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们的房子里有一个空房间，那就是“我的”房间。A. private私人的；B. spare备用的，空闲的；C. public公共的；D. smooth光滑的。根据后文“which became “my” room” 可知邻居的家里有一间空闲的房间，成了作者的房间。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Bill教我如何驾驶草坪拖拉机，并最终驾驶汽车（手动和自动）。A. drive驾驶；B. build建造；C. store储存；D. select选择。根据下文的“tractor and eventually a car”可知比尔教作者开拖拉机和汽车。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我脱口而出的时候，我的父母正在看电视：“如果我让Bill和Arlene作为我的祖父母呢？”A. relations关系；B. friends朋友；C. children孩子；D. grandparents祖父母。根据后文“Will you guys be my grandparents?”可知作者想要让Bill和Arlene做自己的祖父母，故选D。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我敲开Bill和Arlene家的门，在他们的客厅里坐下，说：“你们愿意做我的祖父母吗？”A. observed观察；B. called叫，打电话；C. knocked敲；D. stroke轻抚。根据上文“My parents said I could go over and ask them.”可知父母同意作者去问问邻居，因此推断作者去敲邻居的门。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们开始哭泣，热情地接受了。A. enthusiastically热情地；B. reluctantly勉强地；C. voluntarily自愿地；D. unwillingly不愿意地。根据上文“They started crying”可推断，对于作者想要认邻居夫妇作为祖父母，他们感动得哭了，可推断他们非常感兴趣地接受了。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不久之后，他们打印了一张收养证明，从那时起就挂在客厅的墙上。A. academy 学院；B. commitment承诺；C. certificate证明；D. procedure程序，步骤。根据“printed out”和和下文“and it hung on their living room wall from then on”可知， 从那时起，它就挂在他们客厅的墙上。结合上文作者想要认他们做祖父母可知，“it”指的是收养证书。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我记得我很惊讶他们会如此认真地对待我的提议——不是因为我不认真，而是因为我只是个孩子。A. charge要价，收费；B. offer提议；C. sentence句子；D. favor帮助。根据上文“Will you guys be my grandparents?”和后文“There is something truly magnificent about a child offering up her love”可知作者提议他们做自己的祖父母。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们本可以一笑置之的。A. kicked踢；B. laughed大笑；C. kept保持；D. wiped擦。根据上文“because I was just a kid”可知，作者还是一个孩子，这对夫妻本可以对孩子的请求一笑置之。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个孩子奉献出自己的爱，而成年人却如此兴奋地接受，这真是一件了不起的事。A. people人们；B. parents父母；C. adults成年人；D. friends朋友。根据上文“They started crying and ____8____ accepted.”可知，作者一个孩子奉献出自己的爱，作为成年人的邻居乐于接受。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个世界上的每一个孩子都应该得到热烈回应的爱。A. refuses拒绝；B. hopes希望；C. receives收到；D. deserves应得。根据上文“There is something truly magnificent about a child offering up her love and ____12____ being so excited to accept it.”可知，作者献出自己的爱，邻居乐于接受，故此处指这个世界上的每一个孩子都应该得到热烈回应的爱，故选D。 【34题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：最后，他说：“Arlene离开了她的丈夫Bill。”A. leaves behind留下，抛下；B. counts on指望，依靠；C. gives away赠送；D. submits to服从。根据“Arlene passed away in 2013”可知，Arlene去世了，留下了她的丈夫，故选A。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是我戴在无名指上的一个简单的金戒指，它提醒着我希望给这个世界带来什么样的爱。A. reminder提醒；B. suggestion建议；C. proof证据；D. present礼物。根据上文“a simple gold band”和下文“of the kind of love I wish to put into this world”可知，这枚戒指作为一个提醒的事物，以提醒作者希望在这个世界上投入的爱。故选A。 第 Ⅱ卷(非选择题) 第四部分 写作 (共四节 满分55分) 第一节 语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分， 满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Sun Zi Bingfa, or The Art of War, is one of the most ___36___ (influence) military books in the whole history of humankind and ___37___ (read) for more than 2,000 years. Sun Tzu, a legendary military Chinese strategist during the Spring and Autumn Period, is regarded as the ultimate master of war. Sun Tzu moved to the State of Wu in 532 BC, and later completed the great military work___38___ (compose) of 13 articles altogether, ___39___ he fully demonstrated his insight into warfare. He suggested ___40___ (analyze) the conditions between one side and the rival before drawing the war plan. He emphasized the victorious general must be familiar with his enemies just as___41___ himself. He also explained two types of decisive factors: the objective and stable one, like the ___42___ (effective) of the army; and the subjective and changeable one, like the spirit of the soldiers. He believed that competition of economy between states is ___43___ nature of war. Meanwhile, the supreme art and goal of war is ___44___ (defeat) the enemy with strategies instead of only force. His spirit and wisdom___45___ (unique) remind us that peace is the common objective we should pursue. 【答案】36. influential 37. has been read 38. composed 39. where 40. analyzing 41. with 42. effectiveness 43. the 44. to defeat 45. uniquely 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是孙子在《孙子兵法》里讲的一些理念。 【36题详解】 考查形容词。句意：《孙子兵法》是人类历史上最具影响力的军事书籍之一，流传了2000多年。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词短语military books，influence的形容词是influential，意为“有影响力的”，故填influential。 【37题详解】 考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：《孙子兵法》是人类历史上最具影响力的军事书籍之一，流传了2000多年。由for more than 2,000 years可知，空格处时态是现在完成时，《孙子兵法》这本书是被读，因此空格处是现在完成时的被动语态，主语Sun Zi Bingfa, or The Art of War是单数，因此空格处是has been read，故填has been read。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：孙子于公元前532年移居吴国，后来完成了由13篇文章组成的伟大军事著作，在那部著作里他充分展示了他对战争的洞察力。句中谓语是moved...and later completed，空格处用非谓语动词，work和compose之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，故填composed。 【39题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：孙子于公元前532年移居吴国，后来完成了由13篇文章组成的伟大军事著作，在那部著作里他充分展示了他对战争的洞察力。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，先行词work是抽象地点，因此空格处用关系副词where，故填where。 【40题详解】 考查动名词。句意：他建议在制定战争计划之前先分析一下双方之间的情况。suggest doing sth.是固定短语，意为“建议做某事”，因此空格处用动名词analyzing作宾语，故填analyzing。 【41题详解】 考查介词。句意：他强调得胜的将军必须像熟悉自己一样熟悉敌人。根据语境可知，句子表示“他强调得胜的将军必须像熟悉自己一样熟悉敌人”，空格处是“be familiar with”，为了避免重复，省去be familiar，保留介词with，故填with。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：他还解释了两种决定性因素：一种是客观的、稳定的因素，如军队的战斗力。由the和of可知，空格处是名词，effective的名词是effectiveness，意为“战斗力”，是不可数名词。故填effectiveness。 【43题详解】 考查定冠词。句意：他认为国家之间的经济竞争是战争的本质。空格处用定冠词the特指战争的本质。故填the。 【44题详解】 考查不定式。句意：与此同时，战争的最高艺术和目的是用战略打败敌人，而不仅仅是武力。由空前的the supreme art and goal可知，空格处用不定式作表语，故填to defeat。 【45题详解】 考查副词。句意：他的精神和智慧独特地提醒我们，和平是我们应该追求的共同目标。空格处用副词uniquely修饰动词remind，uniquely意为“独特地”。故填uniquely。 第二节 应用文 写作一(满分15分) 46. 我们的祖国地大物博，风景名胜众多，请你运用所学内容，介绍一个国内你喜欢或去过的地方。题目已给出。内容包括： （1）该地方的基本情况（如名称、地理位置等）； （2）该地方的特色（如文化、景点等）； （3）你对该地方的印象和感受。 注意： （1）词数不少于100： （2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。 A Beautiful Place in China ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】A Beautiful Place in China Sichuan Province is located in the southwestern part of China. It enjoys many world-famous places of interest, such as Jiuzhaigou and Dujiangyan Irrigation project. Jiuzhaigou National Park is a nature reserve in the north of Sichuan Province. What is the most impressive is that it has many multi-level waterfalls and colorful lakes. What’s more, walking in the nature reserve, you have a chance to see rare animals like giant pandas and golden monkeys. There are also many species of rare plants protected here. Another famous scenic spot is Dujiangyan Irrigation Project, which dates from over 2000 years ago. However, it is still playing an important part in irrigation today. I’m sure the visitors will be amazed by the beautiful scenery in Jiuzhaigou as well as Dujiangyan Irrigation Project. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。要求考生介绍一个国内自己喜欢或去过的地方。 【详解】1.词汇积累 机会：chance→opportunity 看到：see→catch sight of 著名的：famous→well-known 使惊异：amaze→surprise 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：Sichuan Province is located in southwestern part of China. It enjoys many world-famous places of interest, such as Jiuzhaigou and Dujiangyan Irrigation project. 拓展句：Sichuan Province is located in southwestern part of China, which enjoys many world-famous places of interest, such as Jiuzhaigou and Dujiangyan Irrigation project. 【点睛】【高分句型1】What is the most impressive is that it has many multi-level waterfalls and colorful lakes.（运用了what引导主语从句，that引导表语从句） 【高分句型2】Another famous scenic spot is Dujiangyan Irrigation Project, which dates from over 2000 years ago.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句） 第三节 读后续写(满分 25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was a hot day in the middle of July. I decided to walk to the neighborhood store where it sold my favorite thing, ice cream. I pulled a friend towards the ice cream store, almost passing out from the burning sun on the way. As we walked on, my friend kept saying that it was too hot. She thought that she was stupid to decide to come with me to buy ice cream. I felt sorry and tried to encourage her. “We're almost there. Just think of the cool and sweet taste of ice cream in your mouth. It'll be worth the walk,” I told her. But I had to admit that the store was quite a distance from our houses. During the journey, my mouth began to become dry and I wanted to drink. When we were about a block away from the store, I noticed an old lady who was walking in our direction. She was about 70 years old. She had a big back problem, so she was unable to keep her back straight. She was struggling, pushing a shopping cart full of things like the soap, bread and water. With each step toward her, we began to see her appearance more clearly. It appeared that she was often unhappy and easy to get angry. I looked at my friend to see if she had noticed her. I could see that she had and that she disliked the old lady due to the lady's appearance. As we approached the lady pushing the shopping cart, my friend directed me away from the old lady and the cart. I began to observe other passers-by. They were also trying to avoid her. Suddenly I heard a terrible sound behind me. I quickly turned around to see what it was. I found the lady's cart had been knocked over by something on the ground. 注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: Things in the shopping cart like the soap all dropped on the ground. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Then my friend continued walking on while I went to the lady. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Paragraph 1: Things in the shopping cart like the soap all dropped on the ground. I watched in shock as the lady bent down slowly and tried hard to collect her things. I turned to my friend and asked, “Shall we go and help her?” “It is not we who knocked her shopping cart over,” my friend said impatiently, walking ahead. I stood there for a moment, suddenly feeling sorry for this pitiful lady. “I'll help her,” I said with determination. Paragraph 2: Then my friend continued walking on while I went to the lady. “Let me help you,” I said as I helped her get the cart up. The lady looked up and said tearfully, “Thank you!” Then I helped her put things back into her cart. To my surprise, some passers-by joined me, including my friend. With everything put into her cart, my friend and I helped push it to her house. If it were not for the incident, we would have had delicious ice cream to eat, but we didn't feel regretful, for what we did was meaningful. 【解析】 【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和朋友去买冰淇淋的时候，注意到了一个背部有严重问题的老太太的购物车翻了，东西都掉到了地上，作者和朋友帮助她把东西都捡了起来。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“购物车里的东西像肥皂都掉到地上了。”可知，第一段可描写老太太东西掉了以后的反应以及作者对此的做法。 ②由第二段首句内容“然后我的朋友继续往前走，我向那位女士走去。”可知，第二段可描写作者他们帮助老太太捡东西。 2.续写线索：东西掉到地上——老太太弯腰捡东西——作者为女士感到难过——作者和朋友帮助老太太捡东西——作者感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 捡起：collect /pick up 往前走：walk ahead /go ahead 事件：incident / event 情绪类 可怜的：pitiful / poor 美味的：delicious /tasty 【点睛】[高分句型1] It is not we who knocked her shopping cart over (运用了强调句) [高分句型2] If it were not for the incident, we would have had delicious ice cream to eat, but we didn't feel regretful, for what we did was meaningful. (运用了虚拟语气) 听力1-5. ABBCC 6-10. ACBAC 11-15. ABCAC 16-20. BBABA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$