专题08 阅读理解之新闻报道(高考真题+名校模拟)-备战2025年高考英语名校模拟真题速递(新高考专用)

备战2025年高考英语名校模拟真题速递(新高考专用) 第一期 专题08 阅读理解之新闻报道(高考真题+名校模拟) （2024年新高考II卷高考真题）Do you ever get to the train station and realize you forgot to bring something to read? Yes, we all have our phones, but many of us still like to go old school and read something printed. Well, there’s a kiosk (小亭) for that. In the San Francisco Bay Area, at least. “You enter the fare gates (检票口) and you’ll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute, a three-minute, or a five-minute story,” says Alicia Trost, the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit — known as BART. “You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.” It’s that simple. Riders have printed nearly 20,000 short stories and poems since the program was launched last March. Some are classic short stories, and some are new original works. Trost also wants to introduce local writers to local riders. “We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest,” Trost says. “And as of right now, we’ve received about 120 submissions. The winning stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a published artist.” Ridership on transit (交通) systems across the country has been down the past half century, so could short stories save transit? Trost thinks so. “At the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything they can to improve the rider experience. So I absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short stories,” she says. And you’ll never be without something to read. 1．Why did BART start the kiosk program? A．To promote the local culture. B．To discourage phone use. C．To meet passengers’ needs. D．To reduce its running costs. 2．How are the stories categorized in the kiosk? A．By popularity. B．By length. C．By theme. D．By language. 3．What has Trost been doing recently? A．Organizing a story contest. B．Doing a survey of customers. C．Choosing a print publisher. D．Conducting interviews with artists. 4．What is Trost’s opinion about BART’s future? A．It will close down. B．Its profits will decline. C．It will expand nationwide. D．Its ridership will increase. （2024·四川雅安·三模）Josefa Marin went to New York from Mexico in 1987, supporting her daughter back home with the $140 a week she earned at a sweater factory. With that small income, she had to collect recyclables, trading in cans for five cents each. When the clothing factory closed down in the late 2000s, she became a full-time recycler, picking up cans and bottles to make ends meet. Marin’s story is not unique. Millions around the world make a living from picking through waste and reselling it — a vital role that keeps waste manageable. In New York City, the administrative department collects only about 28 percent of the cans that could be recycled. Rubbish collectors keep millions of additional recyclables out of landfills every year. Yet collectors are ruled out by government policies. The United States Supreme Court in 1988 stated that household garbage is public property once it’s on the street. That enables police to search rubbish for evidence, but that protection hasn’t always been extended to recyclers. And in places like New York City, which is testing city-owned locked containers to hide garbage from rats, containers are made clearly inaccessible for collectors. “There’s value in the waste, and we feel that value should belong to the people, not the city or the corporations”, says Ryan Castalia, director of a nonprofit recycling and community center in Brooklyn. Recognized or not, waste pickers have long been treated with disrespect. Marin recalls an occasion when someone living next to a building where she was collecting cans threw water at her. “It doesn’t mean I am less of a person than anyone else because I recycle”, she says. Some governments are starting to realize that protecting the environment and humanity go hand in hand. The United Nation’s 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, for example, calls for an end to poverty and all the risks it brings. 5．Why does the author start the passage with Marin’s story? A．To suggest waste collectors’ importance. B．To reflect laid-off workers’ hardship. C．To praise her devotion to her daughter. D．To show the seriousness of unemployment. 6．What can we learn about the waste mentioned in Paragraph 4? A．It is always available on the street for collectors. B．It is public property no matter where it is. C．It is actually only accessible for certain groups. D．It is hidden in containers for rats. 7．What would Marin agree with? A．Business is business. B．No job is noble or humble. C．The early bird catches worms. D．One good turn deserves another. 8．What’s the writing purpose of this passage? A．To argue how important it is to get rid of poverty. B．To call on governments to work hand in hand to protect the environment. C．To prove that unemployed people can make a living by collecting recyclables. D．To tell that environmental protection is closely related to preserving humanity. （2024·江西·二模）Disagreements have arisen in Northern France after many ancient standing stones were damaged to make way for a new hardware chain (五金连锁店). About 39 stones, dating back at least 7,000 years, were removed from the site, which sits on one of Europe’s most famous prehistoric attractions, Agence France-Presse (AFP) reported. “The site has been damaged,” local archaeologist Christian Obeltz told AFP. Carnac, often described as “French Stonehenge”, is famous for its spreading fields of large tall stones. The stones are arranged in long, straight lines and, according to the Carnac Tourist Office, it is the largest collection of this type of standing stone in the world. The two main sites alone, at Menec and Kermarjo, house nearly 3,000 standing monuments covering over 4 miles. The purpose of this ancient curiosity is still unknown. Many believe it may have had something to do with religion, while others think it could have served as a farming calendar. One idea even suggests that the stones are connected to a sad event that happened to a Roman army. The Regional Office of Cultural Affairs for Brittany, which is responsible for protecting the cultural monument, made a statement on disagreements over building the store on Wednesday. “Given the uncertain and non-major character of the remains, damage to a site of historical value has not been established,” the statement said. However, Obeltz mentioned that there hasn’t been enough research in the area to decide whether the stones were historically important. News of building the store has caused a storm of angry comments on social media, with many expressing their thoughts on the loss of the ancient stones. “Poor Carnac! The commodification (商品化) of the world prepares the man without memories,” said Philippe de Villiers, France’s former Secretary of State for Culture. “In Carnac, 39 standing stone monuments survived Julius Caesar, World War I and World War II. But not Mr. DIY!” the Twitter account Dom Revolution wrote. 9．What happened to the 39 stones? A．They were sold to a store. B．They were worn with time. C．They were moved away. D．They were used to build a building. 10．What makes Carnac stand out as a site of stone monuments? A．Its unique shape. B．Its large size. C．Its long rich history. D．Its connection with an army. 11．What may the Regional Office agree with? A．The site has low historical value. B．The site needs government protection. C．The site is not very well-known. D．The site should have been studied more. 12．Why does the author mention opinions on the Internet? A．To share people’s last memories of Carnac. B．To stress the importance of protecting Carnac. C．To show public anger at Carnac’s situation. D．To give more information about Carnac’s history. （2024·山西临汾·三模）The protesters who had gathered on a lawn in Rome’s central Piazz a Venezia came from neighborhoods all around the capital, but they had one concern in common: saving the towering umbrella pine trees that for centuries have decorated the city’s skyline but are disappearing in alarming numbers. Celebrated in music and art, and admired by the ancient Romans, the trees are as much a part of the city’s identity as its human-made landmarks. “They are in the hearts, photographs and memories of everyone,” said Jacopa Stinchelli, who is helping lead the defense of the pines, which in recent years have taken a turn for the worse. An attack by an invasive pest, which sneaked into Italy about a decade ago, has killed many trees. In the eyes of some Romans, however, it’s not just the bugs that are to blame but also a city government that has struggled to deliver basic services. Critics say that the pines have been subjected to indiscriminate removal, with trees that could still have been saved. They claim that during the past two years at least 4,000 potentially curable trees have been chopped down. While it’s hard to lay responsibility on Rome’s municipal government for the invasion of pests, critics say the city could be doing more to preserve the pines. The primary method to counter the pest in urban areas involves injecting a special insecticide into the tree to kill the female population. But the current costly and high-maintenance approach “can’t be a permanent solution,” said Pio Federico Roversi, the director of a national research center for plant protection. “We’d better introduce natural predators—animals that kill and eat the pests, which doesn’t pose a risk for the Italian environment,” Mr. Roversi said. Sabrina Alfonsi, the member of Rome’s City Council, said in an interview that the city had set aside 100 million euros, or $110 million, to care for the city’s green spaces. All infected pines had been treated, she added, the city has begun monitoring all its 350,000 trees of various species. No solution is likely to eliminate the pest problem entirely, Mr. Roversi said, but it could become manageable “so that the plants no longer suffer.” 13．What can we learn about the umbrella pines in recent years? A．The distribution is hugely uneven. B．They have faded out of Roman mind. C．The number has dropped dramatically. D．They are used to celebrate special occasions. 14．What should the government do according to the critics? A．Remove the bugs as soon as possible. B．Make efforts to defend curable pines. C．Chop down the trees destroyed by pests. D．Take responsibility for the invasion of pests. 15．How might the pest problem be better handled? A．By using natural enemies. B．By spraying chemical pesticides. C．By replanting pines resistant to pests. D．By establishing a nature reserve for pines. 16．What’s the attitude of Roversi to the government’s latest response? A．Indifferent. B．Skeptical. C．Discontented. D．Approving. （2024·宁夏银川·一模）A bird thought to be extinct for about 140 years has been rediscovered in the forests of Papua New Guinea. The black-naped pheasant-pigeon was documented by scientists for the first and last time in 1882. Rediscovering the bird required an expedition team to spend a month on Fergusson, an island off eastern Papua New Guinea. The team consisted of local staff at the Papua New Guinea National Museum as well as international scientists. Fergusson Island is covered in mountainous terrain (地形) which makes the expedition especially challenging for the scientists. Just two days before the team was scheduled to leave the island, a camera trap captured footage of the rare bird. “After a month of searching, seeing those photos of the pheasant-pigeon felt like finding a unicorn (独角兽),” said John C． Mittermeier, co-leader of the expedition team. Insight from local residents was crucial for the scientists to track down the bird. “It wasn’t until we reached villages on the western slope of Mt. Kilkerran that we started meeting hunters who had seen and heard the pheasant-pigeon,” said Jason Gregg, another co-leader of the expedition team.” We became more confident about the local name of the bird, which is ‘Auwo’, and felt like we were getting closer to the core habitat of where the bird lives.” The scientists placed a total of 12 camera traps on the slopes of Mt. Kilkerran, which is Fergusson’s highest mountain. And they placed another 8 cameras in locations where local hunters reported seeing the bird in the past. A hunter named Augustin Gregory, based in the mountain village Duda Ununa, told the team that he had seen the bird in an area with “steep ridges and valleys”. So the team placed a camera on a 3,200-foothigh ridge near the Kwama River above Duda Ununa. Finally, it was this camera that captured footage of the bird walking on the forest floor. The rediscovery was a shock for the scientists and local residents. “They were very excited when they saw the survey results, because many of them hadn’t seen or heard of the bird until we began our project and got the camera trap photos. They are now looking forward to working with us to protect the bird,” said Jason Gregg. “But first we will work together to identify the population of the bird.” And the rediscovery might provide hope that other bird species thought to be extinct are still out there somewhere. 17．What can we infer about Fergusson from paragraph 2? A．It is known for its biological diversity. B．It is the largest island of Papua New Guinea. C．It is where the bird was originally documented. D．It is the site of the Papua New Guinea National Museum. 18．What did John C． Mittermeier show in his words in paragraph 3? A．His despair of rediscovering the bird. B．The unique value of studying the bird. C．The difficulty in photographing the bird. D．His excitement of rediscovering the bird. 19．Why is Augustin Gregory particularly mentioned in the text? A．He acted as the team’s tour guide. B．He was quite familiar with the bird. C．He provided the team with a key clue. D．He told the team the bird’s local name. 20．What may the team plan to do next? A．Look for other rare bird species. B．Figure out the number of the bird. C．Improve locals’ protection awareness. D．Work with local hunters to catch the bird. （2024·河北沧州·三模）Indian scientists plan to add substances to clouds above the capital New Delhi in an effort to produce rain to reduce pollution. The method is called cloud seeding. The process involves adding different chemicals to clouds to cause rain. When rain falls from the sky, water droplets can attach to pollution particles and bring them down to the ground. New Delhi has been rated the city with the most air pollution in the world. Air quality decreases in the city ahead of winter each year. During this time, cold air can trap many pollutants, including gases from vehicles, industry and agricultural burning. Scientists expect some clouds over the city around November 20. They hope the clouds will result in heavy rainfall. The project, estimated to cost $120,000 for 100 square kilometers, would involve spraying into clouds a mix of salts that include silver iodine. “The local government in New Delhi, a city of 20 million people, has already closed all schools and other educational institutions, asked people to work from home, restricted the movement of trucks and other vehicles and ceased all building activities”, said Gufran Beig, head of the Indian government’s air-quality measuring agency SAFAR, adding that “The city needs heavy and widespread rain to wash away the pollutants, and light rain could worsen the situation.” New Delhi’s pollution has been exacerbated by more than 3,500 fires in Punjab and Haryana, where farmers burned stubble (秸秆) ahead of sowing their winter wheat crop. The smoke has been trapped tightly in the cold winter air, leaving the hospitals filled with children and the elderly. It is reported that officials in New Delhi now are seeking approval for the project from the Supreme Court. In 2021, a plan to seed clouds over the mountains of New Mexico to increase snowfall was pulled because of the blame that it could poison people and the environment. As a matter of fact, several countries have used this method to produce rain, improve air quality and water crops in times of extreme dryness, including Mexico, the United States, Indonesia and Malaysia. 21．What do you know about cloud seeding? A．A method to let rain fall down together with pollutants. B．A method designed to generate rain or snow artificially. C．A method created to absorb substances from clouds. D．A method used to assess clouds’ quality and quantity. 22．What can we learn from Gufran Beig? A．Most schools have to break up their off line classes. B．The roads are closed to trucks and other vehicles. C．It is possible that a light rain will visit the city. D．A huge pressure from an intense rain will work. 23．What does the underlined word “exacerbated” mean in Paragraph 5? A．Worsened. B．Considered. C．Controlled. D．Restored. 24．What can be concluded from the last paragraph? A．Cloud seeding has become popular in the world. B．Cloud seeding is indeed a threat to living creatures. C．Not all the nations and areas support cloud seeding. D．It is the second time that India has seeded clouds. （2024·湖南长沙·二模）Clear winners are hard to pick in the race to develop self-driving vehicles, but autonomous trucks have built a convincing lead. Robotrucks have completed thousands of automated journeys and a new era of driverless delivery appears to lie in store for the world. Big-name vehicle manufacturers like Daimler, alongside AV (autonomous vehicle) innovators like Aurorae have sunk billions of dollars into making self-driving trucks work, which is a solid investment in road freight (货运). Fitted with complex LIDAR road scanning systems, computer vision, and AI predictive software, the vehicles serve the so-called “middle mile” between distribution centers, where loads are picked up and dropped off for human drivers to complete deliveries to homes and businesses. Texas, with its spacious highways, prosperous road freight market, and relaxed regulations, provides ideal conditions to road test the trucks. Other states have their own regulations in place to allow AV testing on public roads. There are six levels of vehicle automation (from 0 to 5) and level five — full autonomy, drive anywhere — is the end goal. Autonomous journeys often run at level four, which turns out safe, with a backup driver in the cab ready to take control in case an accident happens. In December 2021 a level 4 semi-truck drove 80 miles on public roads, between a railyard in Tucson, Arizona, and a distribution center in Phoenix. Analysts say that up to 90 percent of long-distance trucking jobs could be lost to self-driving technology once it becomes widespread. Safety is another concern. Questions of whether authorities are ready to deal with the new technology followed a crash between a Waymo Via class 8 truck and another human-driven semi-truck near Ennis, Texas. The human driver was at fault, but the safety operator in the Waymo truck did not take control during the incident and a report exposed the weaknesses of the way the crash was dealt with. AV industry representatives say their vehicles with self-driving technology are safer and more efficient than cars driven by people and will improve road safety. But doubts from road safety campaigners, transport workers, and city authorities exist about rapid change without stricter controls. All agree that new laws will be necessary. 25．What is paragraph 3 of the text mainly about? A．The complex system of the vehicles. B．The process of picking up and dropping off loads. C．Ways of completing deliveries to homes and businesses. D．The function of autonomous vehicles in road freight. 26．What does the example mentioned in paragraph 5 prove? A．More often than not, trucks running at level 4 are secure. B．Levels of vehicle automation serve different purposes. C．“Full autonomy, drive anywhere” is the ultimate target. D．A backup driver in the cab is crucial in avoiding an accident. 27．What is the author’s attitude toward the self-driving technology? A．Unclear. B．Approving. C．Objective. D．Dismissive. 28．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．The Evolution and Implications of Self-Driving Vehicles B．Robotrucks to Deliver a New Era of Driverless Technology C．A Solid Investment from Big-Name Vehicle Manufacturers D．The Testing of Autonomous Trucks on Public Roads with Level 4 （2024·山东济南·三模）Many of us remember the feeling of having our braces (牙套) regularly adjusted and retightened at the dentist’s. And interventions are based entirely upon the estimate of dentists and involve a great deal of trial and error, which can lead to too many visits to the dentist’s. Professor Erleben and his team created a computer model that creates accurate 3D simulations (模拟) of an individual patient’s jaw, which dentists can use to predict how sets of braces should be designed to best straighten a patient’s teeth and plan the best possible treatment. To create these simulations, the computer model was used to map sets of human teeth after getting detailed CT images of teeth and the small, fine structures between the jawbone and the teeth. This type of precise digital simulation is referred to as a digital twin, a virtual model that lives in the cloud. The virtual model can answer what’s happening in the real world, and do so instantly. For example, one can ask what would happen if you pushed on one tooth and get answers with regards to where it would move and how it would affect other teeth. The model also helps to predict the post treatment effect, achieve “visualization” of treatment, and facilitate patients to understand the plan of straightening their teeth. What’s more, it has enabled more flexible and convenient digital medical follow-up services. The area of research that uses digital twins is relatively new. “However, we need to set up a sufficiently big database if digital twins are to really take root and benefit the healthcare industry,” Erleben said, “In the future, the virtual model can be used to plan, design and improve, and can therefore be used to operate companies, robots, factories and used much more in the energy, healthcare and other fields.” 29．What is Paragraph 1 mainly about? A．The professional integrity of dentists. B．The current state of dental treatment. C．The procedure of retightening braces. D．The intervention of modern technology. 30．Which was the first step in creating 3D simulations? A．Predicting treatment effect. B．Designing a computer model. C．Drawing the shape of a mouth. D．Obtaining the details of teeth. 31．What is Professor Erleben’s attitude towards digital twins? A．Doubtful. B．Curious. C．Favorable. D．Dismissive. 32．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Why digital twins make a hit B．Where virtual treatment goes C．What trouble dentists encounter D．How a virtual model aids dentists （2024·黑龙江·二模）A Virginia family whose home was destroyed by a fire last week recently received the gift of some old-fashioned Christmas cheer from “Santa Claus” (圣诞老人). In the spirit of Christmas, the Ferrum Volunteer Fire Department delivered presents to the family who lost their home and belongings in a house fire on Thursday. “It was a working structure fire and unfortunately the family lost everything. We as volunteers knew that we couldn’t let this mom and her three kids go through Christmas without anything,” the fire station wrote on Facebook. “Yes, they’re OK but it’s Christmas, right?” The fire station officials delivered Christmas gifts to the mother and her three children the following day at the local church shelter they were staying at, and in photos posted on the site, the children appeared joyful. “We brought gifts and more gifts! The kids were overjoyed and very grateful.” the station said on its post. “They were very happy to see all the gifts and the fire trucks that we brought the gifts in,” the department told USA TODAY. The kids received Barbies, Pokémon, artworks, remote control cars, blankets, clothes and shoes. The mother also received a gift card. The Facebook post was flooded with what seemed to be comments from community members touched by the generosity. “The best Christmas gifts are the ones you give! Thank you all for your wonderful service and your big hearts!” one user commented. “So thankful they are alright! We are truly blessed to live in such a giving and helping community, and our fire department and rescue teams are amazing! Great job! So proud!” another user wrote. 33．What can we learn from the text? A．The Fire Department provided the family with shelter. B．The volunteers saved some belongings for the family. C．The family went through Christmas in sorrow. D．Receiving a Christmas gift is a traditional joy. 34．What’s the comments’ attitude towards the fire station? A．Ambiguous. B．Unconcerned. C．Appreciative. D．Sympathetic. 35．How does the author develop his idea? A．By giving examples. B．By using quotation. C．By making comments. D．By analysing causes. 36．What’s the best title of this article? A．Firefighters or Santa Claus? B．Firefighters Safeguarded Us C．A Fire Brought Gifts D．Love Can Cure （2024·浙江·三模）MyHeritage has announced the release of two new AI features which it promises will ‘revolutionise genealogy (系谱学)’ research, similar to how ChatGPT revolutionised searching the Internet. The first feature, AI Record FinderTM, is an interactive chatbot that helps family historians find relevant historical records about a person of interest within MyHeritage’s database of 20 billion records. This free-text chat tool enables users to talk to an intelligent assistant to find information about their ancestors, relatives, or other people who have passed away. In addition to AI Record FinderTM, MyHeritage has also introduced AI BiographerTM, another innovative feature that automatically generates a narrative biography about an ancestor’s life using information from historical records that match the person. This creates a Wikipedia-like biography, which gives users a complete understanding of their ancestor’s life story. These two new features are integrated, allowing MyHeritage users to create an AI Biography for their ancestors using the AI Record FinderTM. With this integration, users can easily use a conversational AI to search for historical records. This makes it faster and easier to find information about their family members. Gilad Japhet, Founder and CEO of MyHeritage, said of the new features, “We’re constantly pushing the boundaries of genealogy to reinvent the way people can discover their family history as we aim to reshape genealogy in the 21st century. Together, these advanced features strengthen MyHeritage’s position as the industry leader for innovative genealogy and continue our mission to make family history easier, more accessible, and more fun for everyone.” AI Record FinderTM is a disruptive feature that simplifies the way people can find information about their ancestors by making the search easier. AI Biographert M turns a person’s life details into a fascinating story. Not all our ancestors were famous, but they all deserve to be remembered! 37．What is a typical feature of AI Record FinderTM? A．It updates MyHeritage’s database. B．It generates a narrative biography. C．It narrows down the target information. D．It helps users interact with intelligent people. 38．Which of the following would Gilad Japhet probably agree with? A．That AI genealogy promotes family history creation. B．That the new AI-driven features give way to MyHeritage. C．That MyHeritage spares no effort to advance genealogy. D．That more will be done to strengthen MyHeritage’s position. 39．Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “disruptive” in the last paragraph? A．Relevant. B．Pioneering. C．Disturbing. D．Comprehensive. 40．What might be the best title for the text? A．MyHeritage Leads in AI Genealogy B．MyHeritage Promises to Revolutionise C．AI Features: A New Era for Genealogy D．AI Record Finder: Smart Search for Family Histories 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 参考答案： 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了旧金山湾区捷运系统(BART)推出自动售货亭提供短篇故事打印服务，旨在满足乘客阅读需求，提升出行体验，Trost认为此举措能吸引更多乘客，对BART的未来持乐观态度，预期乘客量将会增长。 1．推理判断题。根据第三段““You enter the fare gates (检票口) and you’ll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute, a three-minute, or a five-minute story,” says Alicia Trost, the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit - known as BART. “You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.”(旧金山湾区捷运系统（BART）首席通讯官Alicia Trost表示：“你进入检票口，会看到一个亮着灯的信息亭，它告诉你可以得到一分钟、三分钟或五分钟的报道。你可以选择你想要的长度，它会给你一个类似收据的短篇故事。”)”可知，BART启动信息亭是为了满足乘客在乘车过程中的阅读需求，为他们提供不同长度的短篇故事或诗歌来打发时间。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.(你可以选择你想要的长度，它会给你一个类似收据的短篇故事)”可知，信息亭中的故事按长度分类，乘客可以根据自己的需求选择不同长度的故事。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据第五段“We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest,(我们想做一些事情，呼吁湾区的艺术家为比赛提交故事)”以及第六段“The winning stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a published artist.(获奖故事会进入我们的书报亭，然后你就会成为一名出版艺术家)”可知，Trost最近在组织一个故事竞赛，向湾区的艺术家征集故事，获胜作品将被放入书报亭供乘客阅读。故选A项。 4．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段““At the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything they can to improve the rider experience. So I absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short stories,” she says.(她说：“归根结底，所有的交通机构现在都在尽一切努力改善乘客体验。所以我绝对认为，我们会因为短篇小说而吸引更多的乘客。”)”可知，Trost认为通过提升乘客体验，包括提供短篇故事阅读服务，BART可以吸引更多的乘客，乘客量将会增加。故选D项。 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．D 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了Josefa Marin从墨西哥来到纽约，通过回收废品支持家庭的故事。她的经历揭示了全球数百万依靠回收废品维持生计的“垃圾拾荒者”的困境。尽管他们为城市环境做出了贡献，但政府政策往往忽视他们的权益。然而，随着对环境问题和可持续发展的关注增加，一些政府开始重视他们的角色和权益。 5．推理判断题。文章第一段“Josefa Marin went to New York from Mexico in 1987, supporting her daughter back home with the $140 a week she earned at a sweater factory. With that small income, she had to collect recyclables, trading in cans for five cents each. (1987年，约瑟法·马林(Josefa Marin)从墨西哥来到纽约，用她在毛衣厂每周挣到的140美元养活女儿。由于收入微薄，她不得不收集可回收物品，以每个5美分的价格出售易拉罐。)”和第二段“When the clothing factory closed down in the late 2000s, she became a full-time recycler, picking up cans and bottles to make ends meet. (2000年代末，服装厂倒闭后，她成了一名全职的回收工，捡易拉罐和瓶子来维持生计。)”讲述了Marin捡垃圾维持生计的故事，结合第三段“Marin’s story is not unique. Millions around the world make a living from picking through waste and reselling it — a vital role that keeps waste manageable. In New York City, the administrative department collects only about 28 percent of the cans that could be recycled. Rubbish collectors keep millions of additional recyclables out of landfills every year. (马林的故事并非个例。世界各地有数百万人通过捡垃圾和转售来谋生——这是保持垃圾可管理的重要角色。在纽约市，管理部门只收集了28%可以回收的易拉罐。垃圾收集者每年从垃圾填埋场中取出数百万件可回收物品。)”可推知，作者以Marin的故事作为文章的开头是为了说明垃圾捡拾者的重要作用：他们在城市垃圾管理中扮演重要角色。故选A项。 6．细节理解题。根据第四段“Yet collectors are ruled out by government policies. The United States Supreme Court in 1988 stated that household garbage is public property once it’s on the street. That enables police to search rubbish for evidence, but that protection hasn’t always been extended to recyclers. And in places like New York City, which is testing city-owned locked containers to hide garbage from rats, containers are made clearly inaccessible for collectors. (然而，回收者却被政府政策排除在外。1988年，美国最高法院裁定，一旦家庭垃圾被扔到街上，它就成为公共财产。这使得警察可以在垃圾中搜寻证据，但这种保护并没有总是延伸到拾荒者。而在纽约市等地，为了防止老鼠接触垃圾，正在测试城市拥有的带锁容器，这些容器明显无法让拾荒者接近。)”可知，段中提到只有警察可以在垃圾中搜寻证据，而拾荒者无法接近垃圾。即第四段提到的垃圾只对特定的群体开放。故选C项。 7．推理判断题。根据第六段中“Marin recalls an occasion when someone living next to a building where she was collecting cans threw water at her. “It doesn’t mean I am less of a person than anyone else because I recycle”, she says. (马林回忆说，有一次，她正在捡饮料罐，隔壁的人向她泼水。她说：“这并不意味着我因为回收垃圾就不如别人。”)”可知，虽然Marin遭到歧视，但她并不认为回收垃圾就不如别人，所以，她会赞成“工作没有高贵或卑微之分”这一说法。故选B项。 8．推理判断题。通读全文，结合最后一段中“Some governments are starting to realize that protecting the environment and humanity go hand in hand. (一些政府开始意识到保护环境和保护人类是息息相关的。)”可知，文章讲述了Josefa Marin这样的拾荒者，他们通过回收废品来支持家庭，将环保与生存直接联系起来，作者借此说明环境保护与保护人类息息相关。故选D项。 9．C 10．B 11．A 12．C 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，讲述了在法国北部，为了给一家新的五金连锁店腾地方，许多古老的立石遭到破坏，引发了争议。 9．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Disagreements have arisen in Northern France after many ancient standing stones were damaged to make way for a new hardware chain(在法国北部，由于许多古老的立石被破坏以便为一家新的五金连锁店让路，引发了争议。)”可知，这39块石头被移走了。故选C。 10．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The stones are arranged in long, straight lines and, according to the Carnac Tourist Office, it is the largest collection of this type of standing stone in the world.( 这些石头排列成长长的直线，根据卡尔纳克旅游局的说法，这是世界上最大的这种类型立石的集合地)”可知，Carnac因其庞大的规模而著称。故选B。 11．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“The Regional Office of Cultural Affairs for Brittany, which is responsible for protecting the cultural monument, made a statement on disagreements over building the store on Wednesday. “Given the uncertain and non-major character of the remains, damage to a site of historical value has not been established,” the statement said(布列塔尼地区文化事务办公室，负责保护该文化遗迹，于周三就建造商店引发的争议发表了声明。声明中表示：“鉴于遗存的不确定性和非主要特性，尚未确定对具有历史价值地点的破坏”)”可知，布列塔尼地区文化事务办公室可能认为这个遗址的历史价值不高。故选A。 12．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“News of building the store has caused a storm of angry comments on social media, with many expressing their thoughts on the loss of the ancient stones.( 建造商店的消息在社交媒体上引发了愤怒的舆论浪潮，许多人纷纷表达了对失去这些古老石块的想法)”以及最后一段“In Carnac,39 standing stone monuments survived Julius Caesar, World War I and World War II. But not Mr. DIY!( 在卡尔纳克，39座立石纪念碑经历了尤利乌斯·凯撒、第一次世界大战和第二次世界大战。但没能挺过DIY先生！)”可知，作者提及网络上的观点是为了展示公众对于Carnac当前状况的愤怒。故选C。 13．C 14．B 15．A 16．D 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了罗马民众集中抗议，呼吁保护受虫害侵袭的历史悠久的松树。 13．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“... saving the towering umbrella pine trees that for centuries have decorated the city’s skyline but are disappearing in alarming numbers. (……拯救了高耸的伞状松树，这些松树几个世纪以来一直装饰着这座城市的天际线，但正在以惊人的数量消失。)”可知，近年来，伞松数量急剧下降。故选C项。 14．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Critics say that the pines have been subjected to indiscriminate removal, with trees that could still have been saved. (批评人士说，这些松树被不分青红皂白地砍伐，树木本可以被拯救。)”及“critics say the city could be doing more to preserve the pines. (批评人士表示，该市可能会采取更多措施来保护这些松树。)”可知，批评人士认为政府应该努力保护那些仍可被挽救的松树。故选B项。 15．细节理解题。根据文章第五段““We’d better introduce natural predators—animals that kill and eat the pests, which doesn’t pose a risk for the Italian environment,” Mr. Roversi said. (Roversi先生说：“我们最好引入天敌——杀死并吃掉害虫的动物，这不会对意大利的环境构成风险”)”可知，Roversi先生建议通过引入天敌来更好地处理害虫问题。故选A项。 16．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“No solution is likely to eliminate the pest problem entirely, Mr. Roversi said, but it could become manageable “so that the plants no longer suffer.”(Roversi先生说，没有任何解决方案可能完全消除害虫问题，但它可以变得可控，“这样植物就不会再受到影响”)”可知，现在政府已经采取措施，使情况得到控制，故Roversi先生对政府最新回应是支持的。故选D项。 17．C 18．D 19．C 20．B 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了科学家在巴布亚新几内亚当地居民的帮助下，在森林中重新发现了一种被认为已经灭绝了大约140年的鸟类，并希望能确定这种鸟的数量。 17．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The black-naped pheasant-pigeon was documented by scientists for the first and last time in 1882. Rediscovering the bird required an expedition team to spend a month on Fergusson, an island off eastern Papua New Guinea (1882年，科学家们第一次也是最后一次记录了这种黑颈野鸡鸽。重新发现这只鸟需要一支探险队在巴布亚新几内亚东部的Fergusson岛上呆上一个月)”可推知，Fergusson是这只鸟最初被记录下来的地方。故选C。 18．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“After a month of searching, seeing those photos of the pheasant-pigeon felt like finding a unicorn (独角兽) (经过一个月的搜寻，看到野鸡鸽子的照片就像找到了一只独角兽)”可知，John C. Mittermeier在第三段的话中表明他对重新发现那只鸟感到兴奋。故选D。 19．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“A hunter named Augustin Gregory, based in the mountain village Duda Ununa, told the team that he had seen the bird in an area with “steep ridges and valleys”.(一位名叫Augustin Gregory的猎人住在Duda Ununa山村，他告诉团队，他在一个“陡峭的山脊和山谷”地区看到了这只鸟)”以及“Finally, it was this camera that captured footage of the bird walking on the forest floor.(最后，正是这台相机拍摄到了这只鸟在森林地面上行走的画面)”可知，文章中特别提到Augustin Gregory是因为他为团队提供了一条关键线索。故选C。 20．推理判断题。文章倒数第二段讲到“But first we will work together to identify the population of the bird. (但首先，我们将共同确定这种鸟的数量)”可推知，团队下一步计划算出那种鸟的数目。故选B。 21．B 22．D 23．A 24．C 【导语】本文是一篇新闻。文章报道了印度计划在首都新德里上空实施人工降雨，以减少该地区严重的空气污染。 21．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The method is called cloud seeding. The process involves adding different chemicals to clouds to cause rain.”（这种方法被称为人工降雨。这个过程涉及向云层中添加不同的化学物质以引发降雨。）可知，人工降雨是一种人工产生雨雪的方法。故选B 22．细节理解题。根据第四段“The city needs heavy and widespread rain to wash away the pollutants”（这个城市需要大面积的大雨来冲走污染物）可知，这座城市需要大范围的强降雨才能减少污染。故选D。 23．词句猜测题。根据文章第五段“by more than 3,500 fires in Punjab and Haryana, where farmers burned stubble (秸秆) ahead of sowing their winter wheat crop.”（由于旁遮普和哈里亚纳的3500多场火灾，农民们在播种冬麦之前烧秸秆。）可知，新德里的污染已经加剧。故exacerbated意为加剧。故选A。 24．推理判断题。根据最后一段“In 2021，a plan to seed clouds over the mountains of New Mexico to increase snowfall was pulled because of the blame that it could poison people and the environment.”（2021年，一项在新墨西哥州山区的人工降雨以增加降雪的计划被取消，因为人们指责它可能会毒害人和环境。）可知，新墨西哥州取消了人工降雪计划，原因是这可能危害人体健康、污染环境。由此推断，并非所有的国家和地区都支持人工降水。故选C。 25．D 26．A 27．C 28．B 【导语】本文一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了自动驾驶卡车。 25．主旨大意题。根据第三段“Fitted with complex LIDAR road scanning systems, computer vision, and AI predictive software, the vehicle s serve the so-called ‘middle mile’ between distribution centers, where loads are picked up and dropped off for human drivers to complete deliveries to homes and businesses.(这些车辆配备了复杂的激光雷达道路扫描系统、计算机视觉和人工智能预测软件，服务于配送中心之间所谓的“中间一英里”，在这里，人类司机将货物取走，并将货物送到家庭和企业。)”可知，本段主要讲在公路货运中自动驾驶卡车的功能。故选D。 26．推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Autonomous journeys often run at level four, which turns out safe, with a backup driver in the cab ready to take control in case an accident happens. In December 2021 a level 4 semi-truck drove 80 miles on public roads, between a railyard in Tucson, Arizona, and a distribution center in Phoenix.(自动驾驶通常运行在4级，这被证明是安全的，驾驶室里有一名备用司机，随时准备在发生事故时接管控制。2021年12月，一辆4级半卡车在亚利桑那州图森的一个火车站和凤凰城的一个配送中心之间的公共道路上行驶了80英里。)”可知，本段举例子来说明“自动驾驶通常运行在4级，这被证明是安全的。”。故选A。 27．推理判断题。根据第六段中的“Analysts say that up to 90 percent of long-distance trucking jobs could be lost to self-driving technology once it becomes widespread.”“Safety is another concern.”(分析人士表示，一旦自动驾驶技术得到普及，高达90%的长途卡车运输工作可能会被取代。”“安全是另一个问题。）和第七段中的“AV industry representatives say their vehicles with self-driving technology are safer and more efficient than cars driven by people and will improve road safety. But doubts from road safety campaigners, transport workers, and city authorities exist about rapid change without stricter controls.(自动驾驶汽车行业代表表示，他们的自动驾驶汽车比人类驾驶的汽车更安全、更高效，并将改善道路安全。但道路安全活动人士、运输工人和市政当局对没有更严格控制的快速变化表示怀疑。)”可知，作者既提到了自动驾驶技术的优点又提到了其缺点，所以作者对自动驾驶技术持客观态度。故选C。 28．主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段的“Clear winners are hard to pick in the race to develop self-driving vehicles, but autonomous trucks have built a convincing lead. Robotrucks have completed thousands of automated journeys and a new era of driverless delivery appears to lie in store for the world.(在开发自动驾驶汽车的竞赛中，很难选出明确的赢家，但自动驾驶卡车已经建立了令人信服的领先优势。无人驾驶卡车已经完成了数千次的自动驾驶旅程，一个无人驾驶送货的新时代似乎即将到来。)”可知，文章主要内容是关于自动驾驶卡车在货运行业的功能和发展，B项(无人驾驶卡车将开启无人驾驶技术新时代)最适合作为文章标题。故选B。 29．B 30．D 31．C 32．D 【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章主要介绍3D模拟技术在牙科领域的使用。 29．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Many of us remember the feeling of having our braces (牙套) regularly adjusted and retightened at the dentist’s. And interventions are based entirely upon the estimate of dentists and involve a great deal of trial and error, which can lead to too many visits to the dentist’s.(我们中的许多人都记得在牙医那里定期调整和重新紧固牙套的感觉。干预措施完全基于牙医的估计，涉及大量的试错，这可能会导致去牙医那里太多次。)”可知，第一段主要介绍牙科治疗的现状。故选B。 30．推理判断题。根据第二段“To create these simulations, the computer model was used to map sets of human teeth after getting detailed CT images of teeth and the small, fine structures between the jawbone and the teeth. (为了创建这些模拟，在获得牙齿的详细CT图像以及颚骨和牙齿之间的微小结构后，使用计算机模型绘制了人类牙齿的图谱。)”可知，创建3D模拟的第一步是获得牙齿的详细CT图像以及颚骨和牙齿之间的微小结构。故选D。 31．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The area of research that uses digital twins is relatively new. “However, we need to set up a sufficiently big database if digital twins are to really take root and benefit the healthcare industry,” Erleben said, “In the future, the virtual model can be used to plan, design and improve, and can therefore be used to operate companies, robots, factories and used much more in the energy, healthcare and other fields.”(使用数字孪生的研究领域相对较新。“然而，如果数字孪生要真正扎根并造福于医疗保健行业，我们需要建立一个足够大的数据库，”Erleben说，“未来，虚拟模型可以用于规划、设计和改进，因此可以用于运营公司、机器人、工厂，并在能源、医疗保健和其他领域得到更多应用。”)”可知，Erleben很看好数字孪生未来的发展，所以是持支持的态度。故选C。 32．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Professor Erleben and his team created a computer model that creates accurate 3D simulations (模拟) of an individual patient’s jaw, which dentists can use to predict how sets of braces should be designed to best straighten a patient’s teeth and plan the best possible treatment. To create these simulations, the computer model was used to map sets of human teeth after getting detailed CT images of teeth and the small, fine structures between the jawbone and the teeth. This type of precise digital simulation is referred to as a digital twin, a virtual model that lives in the cloud. (Erleben教授和他的团队创建了一个计算机模型，该模型可以对单个患者的下巴进行精确的3D模拟，牙医可以使用该模型来预测如何设计牙套来最好地矫正患者的牙齿，并计划尽可能好的治疗。为了创建这些模拟，在获得牙齿的详细CT图像以及颚骨和牙齿之间的微小结构后，使用计算机模型绘制了人类牙齿的图谱。这种类型的精确数字模拟被称为数字孪生，一种生活在云中的虚拟模型。)”可知，这篇文章主要介绍3D模拟技术在牙科领域的使用。故选D。 33．D 34．C 35．B 36．A 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了弗吉尼亚州的一户人家在火灾中失去了一切，Ferrum志愿消防局给他们送上了圣诞礼物，这一行为在Facebook上收获了许多赞扬。 33．推理判断题。根据第一段“A Virginia family whose home was destroyed by a fire last week recently received the gift of some old-fashioned Christmas cheer from “Santa Claus” (圣诞老人).(弗吉尼亚州的一户人家上周被大火烧毁了房子，最近收到了“圣诞老人”送的有点老式的圣诞祝福礼物。)”、第三段中的“Yes, they’re OK but it’s Christmas, right?(是的，他们没事，但现在是圣诞节，对吧？)”可推出，收到圣诞礼物是一种传统的乐事。故选D。 34．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The Facebook post was flooded with what seemed to be comments from community members touched by the generosity. “The best Christmas gifts are the ones you give! Thank you all for your wonderful service and your big hearts!” one user commented.(Facebook上的帖子充斥着似乎来自社区成员的评论，他们被这种慷慨感动了。一位用户评论道：“最好的圣诞礼物就是你们送的！感谢你们所有人的优质服务和你们的爱心！”)”和最后一段““So thankful they are alright! We are truly blessed to live in such a giving and helping community, and our fire department and rescue teams are amazing! Great job! So proud!” another user wrote.(另一位用户写道：“非常庆幸他们没事！我们真的很幸运能生活在这样一个给予和帮助的社区，我们的消防部门和救援队真是太棒了！干得好！太骄傲了！”)”可推出，网上用户对消防局的做法非常欣赏（appreciative）。故选C。 35．推理判断题。根据第三段““It was a working structure fire and unfortunately the family lost everything. We as volunteers knew that we couldn’t let this mom and her three kids go through Christmas without anything,” the fire station wrote on Facebook. “Yes, they’re OK but it’s Christmas, right?”(“这是一场工作结构火灾，不幸的是，这家人失去了一切。作为志愿者，我们知道，我们不能让这位母亲和她的三个孩子在没有任何东西的情况下度过圣诞节。”消防局在脸书上写道。“是的，他们没事，但现在是圣诞节，对吧？”)”、第五段““We brought gifts and more gifts! The kids were overjoyed and very grateful.” the station said on its post.(“我们带来了礼物和更多的礼物！孩子们欣喜若狂，非常感激。”消防局在帖子中说。)”、第六段中的““They were very happy to see all the gifts and the fire trucks that we brought the gifts in,” the department told USA TODAY. ”（该部门告诉《今日美国》：“他们很高兴看到我们带来的所有礼物和消防车。”）、倒数第二段中的““The best Christmas gifts are the ones you give! Thank you all for your wonderful service and your big hearts!” one user commented.(一位用户评论道：“最好的圣诞礼物就是你送的！感谢你们所有人的优质服务和你们的爱心！”)”、最后一段““So thankful they are alright! We are truly blessed to live in such a giving and helping community, and our fire department and rescue teams are amazing! Great job! So proud!” another user wrote.(另一位用户写道：“非常庆幸他们没事！我们真的很幸运能生活在这样一个给予和帮助的社区，我们的消防部门和救援队真是太棒了！干得好！太骄傲了！”)”可知，作者在文章中主要通过引用别人话语的形式来展开思想。故选B。 36．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“A Virginia family whose home was destroyed by a fire last week recently received the gift of some old-fashioned Christmas cheer from “Santa Claus” (圣诞老人).(弗吉尼亚州的一户人家上周被大火烧毁了房子，最近收到了“圣诞老人”送的有点老式的圣诞祝福礼物。)”和第二段“In the spirit of Christmas, the Ferrum Volunteer Fire Department delivered presents to the family who lost their home and belongings in a house fire on Thursday.(本着圣诞节的精神，Ferrum志愿消防局为周四在一场房屋火灾中失去家园和财物的这个家庭送上了礼物。)”可知，本文主要讲述了弗吉尼亚州的一户人家在火灾中失去了一切，Ferrum志愿消防局给他们送上了圣诞礼物，所以A项“消防员还是圣诞老人？”最适合作本文标题。故选A。 37．C 38．C 39．B 40．A 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了MyHeritage公司发布了两项新的AI功能，这两项功能将“彻底改变系谱学研究”，就像Chat GPT改变了我们搜索互联网的方式一样。 37．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The first feature, AI Record FinderTM , is an interactive chatbot that helps family historians find relevant historical records about a person of interest within MyHeritage’s database of 20 billion records.”（第一个功能，AI Record FinderTM，是一个交互式的聊天机器人，它帮助家族历史学家在MyHeritage的200亿条记录的数据库中找到关于感兴趣的人的相关历史记录）可知，AI Record FinderTM的典型特征是帮助用户缩小目标信息。故选C。 38．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中Gilad Japhet的话“We’re constantly pushing the boundaries of genealogy to reinvent the way people can discover their family history as we aim to reshape genealogy in the 21st century.”（我们一直在不断推动系谱学的边界，以重新定义人们发现家族历史的方式，因为我们的目标是在21世纪重塑系谱学。）可推知，Gilad Japhet可能会同意MyHeritage不遗余力地推进系谱学。故选C。 39．词句猜测题。根据文章最后一段“AI Record FinderTMis a disruptive feature that simplifies the way people can find information about their ancestors by making the search easier.”（ AI Record FinderTM是一项disruptive的功能，它简化了人们查找祖先信息的方式，使搜索变得更容易。）可知，AI Record FinderTM简化了人们查找祖先信息的方式，使搜索变得更容易，所以具有开创性。故“disruptive”在此处的意思应该是“开创性的”，故选B。 40．主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是根据第一段“MyHeritage has announced the release of two new AI features which it promises will ‘revolutionise genealogy (系谱学)’research, similar to how ChatGPT revolutionised searching the Internet.”（MyHeritage宣布推出两项新的人工智能功能，并承诺将“彻底改变家谱”研究，就像Chat GPT彻底改变互联网搜索一样。）可知，文章主要介绍了MyHeritage公司发布的两项新的AI功能，这两项功能将改变系谱学研究，因此短文的最佳标题为“MyHeritage在AI系谱学方面领先”。故选A项。 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$