专题01 语法填空(2018-2024年全国卷高考真题)-备战2025年高考英语名校模拟真题速递(全国卷专用)

备战2025年高考英语名校模拟真题速递(全国卷专用) 第一期 专题01 语法填空(2018-2024年全国卷高考真题) (2024 全国甲卷 高考真题)阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend 1 (catch) our attention because of their large size and variety. They are 2 (treasure) of American heritage (遗产). How did the national park system come about? On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in 3 is now northwestern Wyoming. They 4 (be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. What should 5 (do) with such a beautiful place? They wondered out loud. This area, with 6 (it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved 7 all people of the nation to enjoy — as a national park. They all agreed and vowed (承诺) to promote the idea at the 8 (complete) of their journey. Their promotional work paid off. Two years later, 18 years before Wyoming became a state, Yellowstone became the first national park in the United States and the world. Yellowstone was the 9 (large) United States national park — 2.2 million acres — until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, 10 became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. (2023 全国甲卷 高考真题)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) 11 (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom. Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop’s fables date to the 12 (six) century, B.C. Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, 13 Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow.” Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fable. In fact, her style and tone (口吻) are seemingly directed at children. “There was once a town in the heart of America, 14 all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, 15 (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables. Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message 16 (intend) for everyone. 17 (difference) from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility 18 saving their environment. The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Carson’s theme is a more weighty 19 (warn) about environmental destruction. Carson proves that a simple literal form that has been passed down through the ages can still 20 (employ) today to draw attention to important truths. (2023 全国乙卷 高考真题)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the modern. From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong 21 royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully 22 (build) system of ring roads. But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place 23 welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural 24 (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past. It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work, 25 somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination. 26 (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I 27 (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. As a photographer, I have spent the last two years 28 (record) everything I discovered. The 29 (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, 30 (mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years. (2022 全国甲卷 高考真题)阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式. A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step 31 (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot. On the 1,100 kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, 32 lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces. Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation 33 (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. 34 friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip. Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental 35 (protect). Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more 36 (meaning). The two of them collected more than 1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey. In the last five years. Cao 37 (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s 38 (high) mountain. Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4, 700 kilometers 39 Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, 40 (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months. (2022 全国乙卷 高考真题)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially 41 the United Nations on November 27th, 2019. To celebrate 42 festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday. The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society 43 (address) the opening ceremony. “As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the 44 (large) tea-producing country, China has a 45 (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. It can help to build a community with a 46 (share) future for mankind,” he said. The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued (发布) at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation 47 cultural exchanges. A four-year tea promotion —Tea Road Cooperative Plan — was also issued in accordance with the initiative. 48 (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, 49 (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts. The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony, opening 50 (it)first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth — A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea. (2021 全国甲卷 高考真题)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Xi’an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China’s long history. It 51 (build) originally to protect the city 52 the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). It is possible 53 (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers. We accessed the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people moving inside and outside the City Wall. After 54 (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what 55 (good) than to ride on a piece of history! We 56 (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky 57 did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all 58 way around the Xi’an City Wall. Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and 59 (watchtower) to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their 60 (day) routines. (2021 全国乙卷 高考真题)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact (影响) travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become 61 (educate) about the areas - both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the 62 (develop) of the local areas. Ecotourism has 63 (it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept 64 the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made it desirable. Due to 65 growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types 66 trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles: Minimize the impact of 67 (visit) the place. Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices. Provide 68 (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples. Make sure that the tourism provides experiences for both the visitors and the hosts. Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity. 69 (activity) there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations aim 70 (have) a low impact on the natural environment. (2020 全国 高考真题)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess 71 (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon’s far side is 72 (extreme) challenging. Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 73 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular 74 (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more so 75 the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 76 (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. "This really excites scientists," Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, "because it 77 (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 78 (construct)" Data about the moon’s composition, such as how 79 ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 80 (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical. (2020 全国 高考真题)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Decorating with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New Year Chinese New Year is a 81 (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers 82 (carry) special significance. They represent the earth 83 (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings. These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country: Oranges: Orange trees are more 84 decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They make great gifts and you see them many times 85 (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune. Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and office. 86 (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated 87 health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy 88 (care) for and make great presents. Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The 89 (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are 90 first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life. (2020 全国 高考真题)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In ancient China lived an artist 91 paintings were almost lifelike. The artist’s reputation had made him proud. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their 92 (fine) work, so that he could choose the best. The artist was sure he would 93 (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed. The wise old man told him to travel to the Li River~perhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world. Filled with 94 (curious), the artist packed his bags and left. 95 he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and 96 (point) down the river. The next morning he hired a boat and set out 97 (find) the well-known painter. As the small boat moved, 98 (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue. And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds 99 (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. The artist was finally humbled (谦卑) by the greatest artist 100 earth, Mother Nature. (2019 全国 高考真题)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88 , there is evidence 101 they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 102 (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide. Modern methods 103 tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive 104 (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut 105 (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a 106 (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by 107 (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are 108 (high) than they actually are. Of 109 nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six 110 (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. (2019 全国 高考真题)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for 111 (be) Britain’s oldest full-time employee—still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, 112 she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have 113 (final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名) her to be Cheshire’s Woman Of The Year. Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene 114 (declare) she had no plans 115 (retire) from her 36-year-old business. Irene said, “I don’t see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 116 (make) over the years. I work not because I have to, 117 because I want to.” Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31—who works alongside her in the family business—said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said, “We don’t have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call 118 (say) she was short-listed, we thought it was 119 joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It’s 120 (wonder).” (2019 全国 高考真题)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On our way to the house, it was raining 121 hard that we couldn’t help wondering how long it would take 122 (get) there. It was in the middle of Pearl City. We were first greeted with the barking by a pack 123 dogs, seven to be exact. They were well trained by their masters 124 had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their experiences and 125 (recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit. For breakfast, we were able to eat papaya(木瓜) and other fruits from their trees in the backyard. When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting 126 (compete) to watch, together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many 127 (tradition) stories about Hawaii that were 128 (huge) popular with tourists. On the last day of our week-long stay, we 129 (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, 130 (listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals. (2018 全国 高考真题)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 131 (long) than non-runners. You don't have to run fast or for long 132 (see)the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of 133 (die) early by running. While running regularly can't make you live forever, the review says it 134 (be) more effective at lengthening life 135 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 136 showed a mere five to 10 minutes A day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 137 (cause). The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise… it's probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to 138 (strength)your leg muscles(肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it's always 139 (energy).If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 140 a try. (2018 全国 高考真题)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country 141 (grow)more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over 142 past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent. A taste for meat is 143 (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 144 (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water 145 rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased 146 (pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people. According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total 147 (globe)fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government 148 (start) a soil-testing program 149 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China's approach to protecting its environment while 150 (feed) its citizens "offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide." says the bank's Juergen Voegele. (2018 全国 高考真题)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I'm not sure 151 is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩)that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I'm walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at 152 top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the 153 (loud)of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid 154 (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel 155 (challenge). My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a 156 (science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching 157 these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried. When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find 158 (they) alive. True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal 159 (mean)me no real harm. He was just saying: "I'm king of this forest, and here is your reminder!" Once his message was delivered, he allowed me 160 (stay)and watch. 试卷第1页,共3页 试卷第1页,共3页 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 参考答案: 1.to catch 2.treasures 3.what 4.were 5.be done 6.its 7.for 8.completion 9.largest 10.which 【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了美国国家公园的由来,即四个男人发现了一处非常美的自然风景区,决定好好保护它以供后人欣赏,并为此做出了许多努力。 1.考查非谓语动词。句意:尽管各级都有各种规模和类型的公园,但国家公园尤其吸引我们的注意,因为它们体积大,种类繁多。固定搭配:tend to do sth.,表示“倾向于做某事”,不定式作宾语,故填to catch。 2.考查名词。句意:它们是美国传统的瑰宝。treasure表示“宝藏”,为可数名词,结合前文they are,应用复数形式,故填treasures。 3.考查宾语从句。句意:1870年9月中旬,在一个凉爽、繁星点点的夜晚,四个男人在火洞河边的营火前放松,这里现在是怀俄明州的西北部。后文为介词in的宾语,is前缺主语,指物,主语用what引导宾语从句,作介词in的宾语,故填what。 4.考查时态。句意:他们是一个由15人组成的探险队的一部分,他们花了近五个星期的时间来见证那里的自然美景。本空前They指代上文提及的四个男人,时间为1870年,同时联系后文had spent的过去完成时可知,本空时态为过去式且为复数形式,故填were。 5.考查被动语态。句意:对于这样一个美丽的地方,我们应该做些什么呢?主语what指物,与谓语动词do是被动关系,情态动词should后接be done构成被动语态,故填be done。 6.考查代词。句意:这个地区拥有独特的、令人惊叹的自然美景,必须作为国家公园保护好,为了所有国家的人都能享受。修饰名词beauty用形容词性物主代词its,故填its。 7.考查介词。句意同上。介词for表目的,表示“为了所有国家的人都能享受”。 故填for。 8.考查名词。句意:他们都同意了,并发誓要在旅行结束后推广这个想法。冠词修饰名词,本空应填名词作宾语,complete名词形式为completion,不可数,故填completion。 9.考查形容词最高级。句意:黄石公园是美国最大的国家公园,占地220万英亩,直到1978年成为国家纪念碑的阿拉斯加南部的弗兰格尔-圣伊莱亚斯在1980年以1230万英亩的面积作为国家公园获得这项荣誉。本空前有the,为形容词最高级标志词,结合下文“1978年成为国家纪念碑的阿拉斯加南部的弗兰格尔-圣伊莱亚斯在1980年以1230万英亩的面积获得国家公园的荣誉”可知,用large的最高级largest作定语,故填largest。 10.考查定语从句。句意同上。本空所在句子为定语从句,先行词为Wrangell-Saint Elias,从句中作主语,指物,引导非限制性定语从句用which,故填which。 【点睛】 11.to teach 12.sixth 13.as 14.where 15.borrowing 16.intended 17.Different 18.for 19.warning 20.be employed 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。 11.考查非谓语动词。句意:几千年来,人们通过讲寓言来传授知识或传授智慧。根据句意可知,此处表达“来传授知识和智慧”,所以用不定式作目的状语。故填to teach。 12.考查数词。句意:寓言是许多古代文化口述传统的一部分,而著名的伊索寓言可以追溯到公元前6世纪。century“世纪”前面要用序数词形式。故填sixth。 13.考查定语从句。句意:然而,正如雷切尔 卡森在《明日寓言》中所说,寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。引导非限定性定语从句,且有“正如”之意,用关系代词as引导。故填as。 14.考查定语从句。句意:“从前,在美国的中心地带有一个小镇,那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活,”她的寓言是这样开头的,借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中先行词为town,在非限定性定语从句作地点状语,所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。 15.考查非谓语动词。句意:“从前,在美国的中心地带有一个小镇,那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活,”她的寓言是这样开头的,借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中已有谓语动词,所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语her fable与borrow之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作状语。故填borrowing。 16.考查非谓语动词。句意:然而,在简洁的风格背后,是每个人都想要传达的重要信息。be intended for打算为……所用,在句中作定语,所以用过去分词形式。故填intended。 17.考查形容词。句意:与传统寓言不同,卡森的故事以一种指责而不是道德结束。be different from与……不同,所以用形容词作状语。故填Different。 18.考查介词。句意:她警告社会面临的环境危险,并教导人们必须承担起保护环境的责任。take responsibility for对……负责。故填for。 19.考查名词。句意:然而,卡森的主题是对环境破坏的更严重警告。形容词weighty后接名词形式。根据句中不定冠词a可知,用可数名词的单数形式。故填warning。 20.考查语态。句意:卡森证明了一种简单的文字形式已经流传了几个世纪,今天仍然可以用来引起人们对重要真理的注意。从句主语a simple literal form与employ之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态。情态动词can后接动词原形。故填be employed。 【点睛】 21.to 22.built 23.which/that 24.wonders 25.but 26.Having visited 27.was amazed 28.recording 29.remarkable 30.means 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北京这座城市的古老建筑和现代化发展之间的独特结合,同时探讨了城市如何在不断发展的同时保护其丰富的遗产。作者作为一名摄影师,记录了这座城市的变化,并表示将来还会继续拍摄北京的风貌。 21.考查介词。句意:从佛教寺庙到博物馆,从狭窄的胡同到皇家宫殿,它拥有3000多年的辉煌历史,甚至从它的布局来看,这座城市一直保持着精心建造的环城道路系统。根据上文的“From Buddhist temples to museums”可知,空处和上文保持一致,表示“从……到……”,用介词to。故填to。 22.考查非谓语动词。句意:从佛教寺庙到博物馆,狭窄的胡同和皇家宫殿,它是3000多年辉煌历史的家园,即使是在它的布局上,这座城市也保持着精心建造的环城公路系统。这里为非谓语动词担当定语,表示“精心建造的……”,和被修饰词“system of ring roads”之间为被动关系,用过去分词。故填built。 23.考查定语从句。句意:但是,除了古建筑,北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方,21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。这里为定语从句的关系代词,先行词为“a place”,在定语从句中担当主语,所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。 24.考查名词。句意:但是,除了古建筑,北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方,21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。分析句子成分可知,空处为名词形式;根据下文的“historical buildings of the past”可知,空处为名词的复数形式。故填wonders。 25.考查连词。句意:但不知何故,这两个截然不同的世界却很好地结合在了一起。空前“It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work,”和空后“somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination.”之间存在转折关系,用but。故填but。 26.考查非谓语动词。句意:在过去的10年里,我多次访问北京,我惊讶于这里的新旧共存,惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为非谓语动词担当状语,和主句主语“I”之间为主动关系;根据时间状语“over the last 10 years”可知,用完成时态,由此推断,空处用现在分词的完成时态。置于句首,首字母大写。故填Having visited。 27.考查时态和语态。句意:在过去的10年里,我多次访问北京,我惊讶于这里的新旧共存,惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为本句谓语动词,根据下文“how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.”可知,本句用一般过去时;主语I和动词amaze之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态。故填was amazed。 28.考查非谓语动词。句意:作为一名摄影师,我花了两年时间记录我发现的一切。spend time (in) doing sth.花费时间做某事。这里为非谓语动词担当宾语,用动名词形式。故填recording。 29.考查形容词。句意:这个城市的显著发展,是有意识地在保护过去的同时步入现代世界,这意味着这里总是有新的东西可以发现,我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。分析句子成分可知,空处为形容词修饰名词“development of this city”。故填remarkable。 30.考查时态。句意:这座城市的显著发展,在有意识地保护过去的同时步入现代世界,意味着这里总是有新的东西等待发现,我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。这里为本句谓语动词,根据上下文可知,本句时态为一般现在时;主语为“development”,单数,所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填means。 【点睛】 31.to journey 32.who 33.held 34.A 35.protection 36.meaningful 37.has walked 38.highest 39.from 40.planning 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是一个有视力障碍的北京男子曹盛康徒步旅行一带一路的事情。 31.考查非谓语动词。句意:近日,一名来自北京的盲人徒步40天来到西安,作为“一带一路”徒步旅行的第一步。step前面有序数词first,应用不定式,作后置定语。故填to journey。 32.考查定语从句。句意:在1100公里的旅程中,8岁时因一次车祸失明的男子曹盛康穿过了三个省的40个城市和县。此处是非限制性定语从句,先行词为the man,在从句中作主语,应用关系代词who引导。故填who。 33.考查非谓语动词。句意:受到在北京举行的“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的启发,曹决定徒步穿越这条路线,以向古代丝绸之路致敬。动词hold意为“举行”,和谓语之间没有连词,和逻辑主语“the Belt and Road Forum”之间构成被动关系,且动作已完成,应用过去分词,作后置定语。故填held。 34.考查冠词。句意:他的一位朋友吴凡在旅行中自愿成为他的同伴。此处名词friend第一次出现,所以应用不定冠词表示泛指,且friend是以辅音音素开头的词,应用不定冠词a。故填A。 35.考查名词。句意:曹和吴还沿路收集垃圾,以促进环境保护。根据句意和空前的形容词environmental可知,此处应用名词protection,作宾语,protection表示“保护”时,是不可数名词。故填protection。 36.考查形容词。句意:曹认为这将使这次徒步旅行更加有意义。此处是make复合结构,应用形容词meaningful表示“有意义的”,作宾语补足语。故填meaningful。 37.考查动词时态。句意:在过去的五年中,曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家,2016年,他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶,这是非洲最高的山峰。根据时间状语in the last five years可知,此处应用现在完成时,主语Cao为第三人称单数,助动词用has。故填has walked。 38.考查形容词最高级。句意:在过去的五年中,曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家,2016年,他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶,这是非洲最高的山峰。根据空前Africa’s可知,此处是指三者或三者以上的比较,应用形容词最高级。故填highest。 39.考查介词。句意:9月20日,他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什,计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。根据句意和Xi’an to Kashgar可知,此处表示“从西安飞往喀什”,应用介词from,固定搭配from…to…表示“从……到……”。故填from。 40.考查非谓语动词。句意:9月20日,他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什,计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。动词plan意为“计划”,和谓语之间没有连词,和主语构成主动关系,应用现在分词,作状语。故填planning。 【点睛】 41.by 42.the 43.addressed 44.largest 45.responsibility 46.shared 47.and 48.To strengthen 49.inviting 50.its 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为了庆祝第一个国际茶日,中国商会博物馆所举办的一系列活动。 41.考查介词。句意:2019年11月27日,联合国正式将5月21日定为第一个国际茶日。根据句意可知,此处表达“被联合国在5月21日命名”。表示被动,使用固定结构“be+过去分词+by”。故填by。 42.考查冠词。句意:为了庆祝这一节日,周四在北京的中国商人博物馆举行了一系列活动。分析句意可知,特指International Tea Day这一节日,所以用定冠词the表特指。故填the。 43.考查动词的时态。句意:中国文化促进会会长在开幕式上致辞。分析句意可知,本句是陈述过去事情,所以用一般过去时。故填addressed。 44.考查形容词最高级。句意:中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国,作为国际茶日的主要推动者,中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。根据定冠词the和常识可知,中国是最大产茶国,所以用形容词的最高级形式。故填largest。 45.考查名词。句意:中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国,作为国际茶日的主要推动者,中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。不定冠词a后接可数名词的单数形式。故填responsibility。 46.考查非谓语动词。句意:这有助于构建人类命运共同体。此处为非谓语动词做定语来修饰名词future。因为动词share和名词future之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词作定语。故填shared。 47.考查连词。句意:仪式上发布的“首个国际茶日万里茶道合作倡议”呼吁茶业人士团结起来,促进国际合作和文化交流。分析句式结构可知,名词international cooperation和cultural exchanges为并列成分,作动词promote的宾语。故填and。 48.考查非谓语动词。句意:为了加强与年轻人的联系,活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动,邀请了来自世界各地的29名茶叶专业人士进行36小时不间断的直播。根据句意可知,此处表达“为了加强与年轻人的联系”,需要用不定式作目的状语。故填To strengthen。 49.考查非谓语动词。句意:同上。分析句式结构可知,此处为非谓语动词作状语,逻辑主语the event与invite之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作状语,表主动关系。故填inviting。 50.考查代词。句意:在开幕式上,中国古茶博物馆正式揭牌,开启了它的第一个展览:大道遗真——普洱茶专题展。分析句式结构可知,名词exhibition前应该用形容词性物主代词来修饰。故填its。 【点睛】 51.was built 52.in/during 53.to walk 54.spending 55.better 56.hired 57.but 58.the 59.watchtowers 60.daily 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者游览西安长城的过程。 51.考查动词语态。句意:它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的,现在已经完全修复了。build和主语it之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,根据时间状语the Tang dynasty可知,应用一般过去时。故填was built。 52.考查介词。句意:它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的,现在已经完全修复了。表示“在某个朝代”,应用介词in或during。故填in或during。 53.考查非谓语动词。句意:骑行或者走完全程的14公里是可能的。固定句型It +be+adj+to do sth.,it为形式主语,不定式短语作真正主语。故填to walk。 54.考查非谓语动词。句意:在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后,我们决定是时候采取一些行动了,还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。此处After为介词,应用动名词,作介词宾语。故填spending。 55.考查形容词比较级。句意:在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后,我们决定是时候采取一些行动了,还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。根据后文than可知,此处应用形容词good的比较级better。故填better。 56.考查动词时态。句意:我们从南门的租赁处租了自行车。根据语境可知,此处描述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时。故填hired。 57.考查连词。句意:我的自行车又旧又摇摇晃晃,但还可以骑。后文did the job和前文My bike was old and shaky之间存在转折关系,应用转折连词but。故填but。 58.考查冠词。句意:我们绕着西安城墙一路走了大约3个小时。固定短语all the way“一直,完全地”。故填the。 59.考查名词复数。句意:据说你可以在两个小时内完成,但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来拍照,或者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。watchtower是可数名词,由different修饰,应用复数形式。故填watchtowers。 60.考查形容词。句意:据说你可以在两个小时内完成,但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来拍照,或者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。修饰后文名词routines,应用形容词daily,作定语。故填daily。 61.educated 62.development 63.its 64.until 65.the 66.of 67.visiting 68.financial 69.Activities 70.to have 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了生态旅游通常被认为是到未受干扰地区的低影响旅游。但是由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎,各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。实际上,生态旅游必须满足一些规定。 61.考查形容词。句意:这不同于传统的旅游,因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理环境还是文化特色,并且经常为环境保护提供资金,并有利于当地的发展。分析句子成分可知,此处查固定搭配become educated about表示“对……有所了解”。故填educated。 62.考查名词。句意:这不同于传统的旅游,因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理环境还是文化特色,并且经常为环境保护提供资金,并有利于当地的发展。根据空格前的定冠词the可知,此处填入名词development,表示“发展”,作动词benefits的宾语。故填development。 63.考查代词。句意:生态旅游起源于20世纪70年代的环境运动。结合语意,此处表示生态旅游有它的起源,空处应用形容词性物主代词its,表示“它的”,符合句意。故填its。 64.考查介词。句意:直到20世纪80年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受。根据句意可知,此处表示“直到20世纪80年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受”,应用短语not…until…,表示“直到……才……”,符合句意。故填until。 65.考查冠词。句意:由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎,各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。结合语意,此处特指与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎,空处应用定冠词the表示特指。故填the。 66.考查介词。句意:由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎,各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。various types of 为固定搭配,表示“各种各样的”,所以空处应填介词of。故填of。 67.考查非谓语动词。句意:最大限度地减少参观这个地方的影响。根据空格前介词of可知,空格处应填动名词形式作介词of的宾语。故填visiting。 68.考查形容词。句意:为当地人民提供财政援助和其他福利。空格修饰名词aid,应用形容词形式作定语,financial是形容词,表示“财政的”,符合句意。故填financial。 69.考查名词。句意:那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行和住宿的宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。分析句子结构,空处应用名词作句子主语,应用名词的复数形式表示泛指,置于句首,首字母大写。故填Activities。 70.考查非谓语动词。句意:那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行和住宿的宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。aim to do为固定短语,表示“旨在,目的是”,符合句意,所以空处应用不定式形式。故填to have。 71.touched 72.extremely 73.where 74.interest 75.than 76.to find 77.means 78.is constructed 79.much 80.its 【分析】这是一篇说明文。中国成为第一个将航天器降落在月球背面的国家,文章主要介绍了中国无人月球探测器嫦娥四号发射的意义。 71..考查时态。句意:无人月球探测器嫦娥四号——名字的灵感来源于古代的中国月亮女神——上周在南极艾特肯盆地着陆。此处是句子的谓语,根据时间状语last week可知应使用一般过去时,故填touched。 72.考查副词。句意:登录月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。空处修饰形容词challenging,应使用extreme的副词形式,故填extremely。 73.考查定语从句。句意:中国首先必须把一颗人造卫星送入月球轨道上的一个点,人造卫星可以在这个点向航天器和地球发射信号。分析句子可知,空处引导一个定语从句,先行词是a spot,关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语,应用where引导。故填where。 74.考查名词。句意:月球背面让科学家尤其感兴趣。根据空前的形容词particular可知,空处应填名词,interest是不可数名词,be of interest to sb.意为“(某物)使某人感兴趣”。故填interest。 75.考查介词。句意:因为它比近地面有更多的深环形山。根据空前的比较级more so可知,此处填介词than,表示“比……更”。故填than。 76.考查非谓语动词。句意:中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地。此处表示目的,应使用不定式作目的状语。故填to find。 77.考查时态和主谓一致。句意:“这真的使科学家们激动,”布朗大学的一位科学家Carle Pieters说:“因为它意味着我们有机会获得月球是如何构造的信息。”根据上文“This really excites scientists”可知,此处也使用一般现在时,主语是it,所以空处谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式means,故填means。 78.考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意同上。分析句子可知,此处是宾语从句谓语动词,谓语construct与主语the moon之间是被动关系,应使用被动语态,再由上下文可知此处应使用一般现在时,主语the moon是单数,故填is constructed。 79.考查形容词。句意:关于月亮构成的数据,比如它含有多少水和其他财富,可以帮助中国决定它未来月球基地的计划是否实用。ice是不可数名词,应使用much修饰,故填much。 80.考查代词。句意同上。根据空后的名词plans可知,此处应使用形容词性物主代词its,故填its。 81.celebration 82.carries 83.coming 84.than 85.decorated 86.Certainly 87.with 88.to care 89.beautiful 90.the 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了用一些植物、水果和鲜花装饰中国新年的寓意。 81.考查名词。句意:中国新年是一个庆祝冬天的结束和春天的开始。不定冠词a后接名词形式。故填celebration。 82.考查主谓一致。句意:这就是为什么用植物、水果和鲜花装饰具有特殊意义的原因。这是一个表语从句,从句主语为动名词短语decorating with plants, fruits and flowers,所以谓语动词用单数形式。故填carries。 83.考查非谓语动词。句意:它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端的美好祝愿。句中谓语动词为represent,所以这里为