Unit 1 Wise men in history 单元主题阅读与写作范文15篇-2024-2025学年九年级英语上册重难点讲练全攻略（沪教牛津版）

Unit 1 Wise men in history 单元主题阅读与写作范文15篇 一、阅读理解 （22-23九年级上·山东德州·期末） Who is the greatest teacher in Chinese history? Many people would think of Confucius, whose birthday was September 28. Although he lived over 2,000 years ago, people still remember and respect him for his contribution to the education today. Confucius lived in the Kingdom of Lu, which lies in Shandong Province. He lived during the Spring and Autumn Period. He had a hard childhood. His father died when he was only 3. His mother brought him up. As a child, he had to work to help his mother, but young Confucius didn’t give up studying. He visited many famous teachers and learned music, history, poetry and sports. Later, he became a teacher and started the first public school in Chinese history. At that time only children from noble families could go to school, but Confucius believed everyone should go to school if they wanted to learn. He had about 3,000 students in his lifetime. Today, people still follow Confucius’ lessons. He told us that we all have something worthy to be learned. “When I am with three people, one of them must be better than me in some areas. I choose their good qualities and follow them.” “All study but no thinking makes people puzzled (困惑的). All thinking but no study makes people lazy.” Confucius is not only a great teacher, but also a famous thinker with wise thoughts about the world and society. His most important teachings are about kindness and good manners. “A person should be strict with himself, but be kind to others,” he said. 1．Today we still remember Confucius mainly because ________. A．he lived a poor life in his childhood B．he had wise thoughts and great views about education C．he traveled with his students from state to state D．he lived during the Spring and Autumn Period 2．Confucius learned music, history, poetry and sports ________ as a child. A．by teaching himself at home B．with the help of his mother C．by going to school D．by visiting many famous teachers 3．The underlined word “noble” in Paragraph 3 has the closest meaning to ________. A．poor B．bright C．rich D．cute 4．The correct order of the following statements is ________. ①Confucius worked to help his mother as a child. ②Confucius educated about 3,000 students in his lifetime. ③Confucius’ father died. ④Confucius started the first public school in Chinese history. A．③①④② B．②③④① C．①③②④ D．④③①② 5．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage? A．All study but no thinking makes people puzzled. B．No one has something worthy to be learned. C．All thinking but no study makes people lazy. D．A person should be strict with himself, but be kind to others. （2024·广东深圳·二模）A new travel route (线路) was created in memory of a historic event. Under the guidance of Mao Zedong, the Communist Party of China (CPC) left Xibaipo village for Beijing 75 years ago. Mao compared this important journey to “going to the capital for the big exam” in ancient China because they headed north to build a new China in Beijing. It showed the leaders’ strong will to face new challenges. The museums along the route provide a lot of valuable photos and exhibits (展品) for visitors to learn about this historic journey. According to the files, the CPC members set off on March 23, making a stop in Shulyu village where Mao had discussions with local people. They then got on a train at Zhuozhou Railway Station and arrived at Qinghuayuan Railway Station in Beijing on March 25. Later, they went to the Summer Palace for a rest and finally ended the journey at Xiangshan Mountain. The new route connects all these famous places. Among them, Qinghuayuan Railway Station is especially important as it marked the historic moment when the CPC leaders and members entered Beijing. It is also on the Beijing-Zhangjiakou railway, the first railway that was designed and built by Chinese engineers without the help of foreign countries. The construction (建造) of it started in 1905 and was completed four years later when Qinghuayuan Railway Station was finished. By following the route map, people can find more details of the historic journey and get encouragement from the memories. They will come to understand the challenges CPC members faced at that time and keep their spirit alive. 6．When did CPC members travel from Xibaipo Village to Beijing? A．In 1946. B．In 1947. C．In 1948. D．In 1949 7．Why did CPC members go to the Summer Palace? A．To take a break. B．To talk with local people. C．To climb a mountain. D．To protect historical items. 8．What can we infer (推断) from Paragraph 3? A．Qinghuayuan Railway Station was CPC’s second stop in Beijing. B．The CPC members helped build Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway. C．The railways were built by Chinese and foreigners before 1905. D．Passengers could get off at Qinghuayuan Railway Station in 1907. 9．What is the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 10．What could be the best title of the article? A．Tourists call for a new travel route B．“Red tourism” gains popularity in China C．Travel route honors CPC’s historic journey D．Xibaipo Village: New China set off from here （2024·广东广州·二模）Many of you should have heard of Tiangong Kaiwu. It is one of the greatest technological encyclopedias written in Chinese. But how much do you know about its author, Song Yingxing? Song was a brilliant scientist during the late Ming dynasty. He was born into an ordinary family in 1587 and had a happy childhood. He and his brother Song Yingsheng went to school together. Both of them were very smart. Song won third place while his brother won sixth in the provincial Imperial Exam (科举考试). Later, Song and his brother took the national Imperial Exam, but they both failed. They had no choice but to take up jobs offered to them by the provincial government. Song worked as a teacher for many years. Meanwhile, he sat for the national Imperial Exam for another four times. Unluckily, he never achieved success. On his repeated trips to the capital to take the exams, however, he learned about the different technologies that were being used in different fields. His wide knowledge enabled him to create Tiangong Kaiwu in the 1630s. The name of the Chinese encyclopedia refers to humans’ making good use of the wealth of nature with the help of technologies. The book covers more than 130 technologies of farming and manufacturing. The explanations are clear and detailed. There are also many pictures to help with the understanding of the text. The encyclopedia became popular soon after it was produced and sold to the public. The Ming dynasty fell in 1644, but Song and his brother refused to work for the new Qing government and gave up their jobs. Song lived a poor life until the day he died. In his final years, he wrote many articles and poems against the Qing government. Tens of years later, some Qing officials found these articles and poems. They were so angry that they destroyed all of Song’s works. Luckily, Tiangong Kaiwu had already spread to many other countries, though it wouldn’t find its way back to China until the end of the Qing dynasty in 1911. Finally, Chinese people were able to marvel at this great scientist again. 11．Why was the repeated trips to the capital important to Song Yingxing? A．He got a job offered by the provincial government. B．He finally achieved success because of his hard work. C．He could fight for his dream together with Song Yingsheng. D．He experienced a lot and learned practical scientific knowledge. 12．In what order did the following happen in Song Yingxing’s life? a．He wrote Tiangong Kaiwu encyclopedia. b．His works were destroyed by the government. c．He lived a poor life because he didn’t serve the government. d．He won good places in the provincial exam with his brother. e．He tried several times in the national Imperial Exam but failed. A．d, a, e, b, c B．d, e, a, c, b C．c, d, a, e, b D．c, a, b, e, d 13．What is the main focus of Tiangong Kaiwu? A．The life of working as a teacher. B．Song Yingxing’s poems and articles. C．The way human beings use technologies. D．The Songs’ knowledge learned from different fields. 14．What can we know about Tiangong Kaiwu according to the passage? A．It was destroyed by officials after it was produced. B．Its cover was made with the help of 130 technologies. C．It helped spread traditional Chinese skills to the world. D．It included articles and poems against the Qing government. （2023·广东广州·一模）When talking about fishing in China, Jiang Tai Gong is very likely to be the first name that would come to people’s mind. The story happened in the late years of the Shang dynasty. Jiang Tai Gong once served the king of Shang dynasty, and began to hate him for tyranny from the bottom of heart. Jiang Tai Gong was a genius in military tactics and government management. He lived near the Weihe River about 3,000 years ago. The area was the feudal estate of Count Ji Chang. Jiang Tai Gong knew Ji Chang was very ambitious, so he hoped to get Ji’s attention. He often went fishing at the Weihe River, but he would fish in an unusual way. He hung a straight fishhook, without bait, three feet above the water. Lookers-on were curious about it, and Jiang Tai Gong explained, “I would like to take honestly rather than to ask for with the knees down. I fish not for the fish but for the nobility (高贵).” Later words traveled to Count Ji. He sent a soldier to invite him. Jiang Tai Gong ignored the solider, going on with fishing, and was talking to himself, “Fishing, fishing, no fish has been hooked. A shrimp is up to mischief (恶作剧).” The soldier reported this back to Ji Chang, who became more interested in this man. Then, Count Ji sent an official to invite him. It didn’t work. Finally Ji Chang realized Jiang may be a genius, so he went to invite Jiang Tai Gong himself. Jiang saw his sincerity and honesty and finally decided to work for him. In the end, Jiang Tai Gong helped Count Ji and his offspring build a great power and build  Zhou dynasty — a great dynasty. Today, people use the old idiom There are always fish willing to be caught by angler Jiang Taigong to describe someone who willingly falls in a trap or does something no matter what the result is. This idiom has been passed on from generation to generation. To some degree, it could be regarded as a part of Chinese philosophy. 15．Why did Jiang Tai Gong give up serving the king of Shang Dynasty? A．Because Jiang was too old to serve the king. B．Because the king treated his people rudely. C．Because Jiang was an ambitious person. D．Because the king didn’t need Jiang any more. 16．How did Jiang Tai Gong fish? A．He fished with a straight hook in the water. B．He fished without bait above the water. C．He fished with bait to plead for fish. D．He fished with a usual fishhook without bait. 17．What does the underlined part “a shrimp” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．a kind of animal B．a small fish C．the soldier D．the official 18．Which of the followings can we use the idiom to describe? A．Linda, who still trusts people that tell lies B．Annie, who is always willing to help others C．Leo, who enjoys setting taps for others D．Tommy, who does things after thinking twice （23-24九年级上·广东广州·期末） Do you know who was described as “superhuman” by the great inventor and astronomer Galileo? It was Archimedes who solved the king’s problem of the golden crown while taking a bath. He was perhaps one of the most outstanding scientists in the world. He was a mathematician, physicist, engineer, weapon designer and inventor. He was wise in philosophy, active in mathematics and physics. He was also recognized as one of the finest engineers of his time. He was born on the island of Sicily in the city of Syracuse around the year 287 BC and died in 212 BC． Archimedes showed great love for mathematics. He made many discoveries. For example, he determined the exact value of pi. He invented and developed methods similar to calculus (微积分) and used them to find the area of a circle and an accurate estimation (估计值) of the value of pi. Today he is regarded as one of the greatest mathematicians in history. Archimedes used his mathematical skills and talents to create useful inventions. One of his most famous inventions is called the Archimedes’ Screw. It was a device that could lift water to higher levels. One of its first uses was to pump water out from a leaking ship. It is still used today in some places to move water from low places to high places. This invention influenced Leonardo da Vinci as he worked on developing the functioning flying machine. Can you imagine counting the sand in the universe? Archimedes once tried to calculate the number of sand grains in the universe. Obviously, it was impossible but it goes to show that he was too smart. His intellectual curiosity and achievements to mathematics, in general, would go on to encourage other mathematicians as well. Most of his achievements were by far ahead of his time. Archimedes was in deed a genius. 19．What’s the main idea of paragraph 2? A．A brief introduction to Archimedes. B．Archimedes’ discoveries in maths. C．The great inventions of Archimedes. D．Archimedes’ study on the universe. 20．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 3? A．A leaking ship. B．Water from low places. C．The Archimedes’ Screw. D．The functioning flying machine. 21．Which of the following is NOT true according to the article? A．Archimedes was a man with many talents and died at the age of 75. B．Leonardo da Vinci and Archimedes developed the functioning flying machine. C．The Archimedes’ Screw helped lift water from lower places to higher places. D．Archimedes’ achievements will continue to encourage generations of mathematicians. 22．What might be the best title for the article? A．Archimedes and Inventions B．Archimedes and Mathematics C．The Achievements of Archimedes D．The Life Experience of Archimedes 二、完形填空 （22-23九年级上·广东深圳·期末）Respecting teachers has always been a tradition in China. Yang Shi was a philosopher（哲学家) in the Northern Song Dynasty. One day, he and his schoolmates had different opinions on a question. To get a 23 answer, he went to visit Cheng Yi, the famous philosopher. At Cheng’s house, 24 , the guarding kid told him that Mr. Cheng was meditating（冥想) in his room and asked him to go back. Yang 25 to leave, so the little boy left him alone and went in. After a while, it began to snow 26 . The little boy came out again and reminded Yang that Mr. Cheng might spend the whole afternoon meditating. He invited Yang to 27 himself in the house to avoid the wind and snow. But Yang kept standing in the snow and waiting outside in order that he could ask Cheng’s 28 on the question. As soon as Cheng finished meditating, the boy reported that Yang was waiting outside. When 29 this, Cheng came out to see Yang. When the door was opened, everyone was 30 . The snow was more than a foot deep, but Yang stood still, 31 moving his feet. “Young man, why are you so silly? You could have come again someday!” Cheng took Yang to the room at once. “As a student…if I want to learn from the teacher…I should…of course…respectfully wait outside…” said Yang, shaking with cold. Cheng was very happy and accepted Yang as his student because of Yang’s politeness and effort to learn. He taught Yang all his philosophical thoughts. That made a big 32 to Yang’s life. Later, Yang really learned a lot and made great contributions (贡献) to his country. 23．A．similar B．wrong C．correct D．difficult 24．A．however B．besides C．anyway D．instead 25．A．hoped B．agreed C．refused D．wanted 26．A．heavily B．early C．deeply D．wisely 27．A．hide B．find C．cool D．warm 28．A．method B．rule C．record D．opinion 29．A．seeing B．hearing C．feeling D．receiving 30．A．excited B．relaxed C．shocked D．interested 31．A．by B．with C．on D．without 32．A．choice B．difference C．decision D．plan （2023·广东珠海·二模）请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Modesty (谦逊) is a valuable quality in many cultures around the world. In China, there is no 33 . But the phrase “Mao Sui recommending himself” seems to disagree with this. During the Warring States Period, the Qin army 34 Handan, Zhao. Seeing that Handan was in danger, Prince Pingyuan decided to look for help from the State of Chu. He wanted to 35 twenty talented people to go with him. However, he could 36 find 19 people who were good enough. Then, a man named Mao Sui volunteered. Prince Pingyuan looked at Mao Sui with doubt, “ 37   did you come here with me?” “Three years ago,” Mao Sui answered. “I hear that a person with talent is like an awl (锥子) in a cloth bag. Its sharp point will soon pierce through the bag. You’ve been here for a long time, but I haven’t seen any of your 38 . Maybe you don’t have any talent,”  said Prince Pingyuan. “What I’m asking you now is to put me into that bag and show my talent. If you do that, I will pierce through it. But not only the point — the whole awl,” Mao Sui said 39 . Impressed by him, Prince Pingyuan allowed Mao to join his team, and Mao’s hard work finally 40 . Now the phrase “Mao Sui recommending himself” is used to 41 someone who volunteers to do a task. However, there is a fine line between self-confidence and arrogance. It’s important to believe in yourself, but a strong ego can harm your career and professional relationships. So we recommend letting your work 42 for itself. 33．A．difference B．difficulty C．survey D．support 34．A．dealt with B．got on with C．played with D．fought with 35．A．consider B．pick C．connect D．divide 36．A．still B．only C．ever D．already 37．A．Why B．Where C．What D．When 38．A．achievements B．customers C．manners D．standards 39．A．widely B．confidently C．worriedly D．regularly 40．A．went off B．put off C．paid off D．took off 41．A．push B．refuse C．beat D．describe 42．A．speak B．wait C．ask D．care （23-24九年级上·广东广州·期末） During the Three Kingdoms period in ancient China, there was a wise man named Zhuge Liang, also known as Kongming. He served for Liu Bei. One day, Zhuge Liang found himself in a/an 43 situation. Sima Yi’s army was reported being 44 and Zhuge’s support was still far away. There was only one 45 for Zhuge to take, the use of empty city. Zhuge Liang sent his soldiers to West City. He told them to 46 the city gates and sent them to clean the roads. The men couldn’t understand Zhuge Liang’s request, but Zhuge told them not to 47 and he had secretly sent many soldiers around to fight the coming war. Zhuge himself went up the city wall with two of his service boys and began to play his favourite music there. Sima Yi’s army had been told that West City was empty. However, when they arrived and saw the open gates, empty streets, and only a few old soldiers working as cleaners, they became 48 and didn’t enter the city. Zhuge told them that the city was empty and he had prepared to welcome the enemy. Sima Yi believed it was a 49 since Zhuge had never taken any unsure plans in his life and his words couldn’t be 50 trusted. He replied Zhuge that no matter whether the city was empty or not, he was not to enter. Sima Yi’s army camped miles away outside West City. General Zhao Yun returned to West City. Zhuge Liang sent Zhao to attack the 51 and he went back to his State right away. Sima Yi was again told by his men that West City was empty. When he headed towards West City for the second time, he met Zhao Yun and was 52 . When he finally learnt what had happened, he realized about his weakness, and left that area. 43．A．ashamed B．difficult C．strange D．amazing 44．A．bigger B．smarter C．weaker D．nearer 45．A．reason B．choice C．order D．lesson 46．A．mend B．wash C．clean D．open 47．A．worry B．care C．fight D．shout 48．A．helpful B．doubtful C．joyful D．hopeful 49．A．trick B．game C．quiz D．joke 50．A．kindly B．slowly C．easily D．happily 51．A．gate B．heart C．city D．enemy 52．A．fooled B．shaken C．beaten D．killed （2024·广东惠州·一模）请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 Yue Fei was a hero who lived during the Song Dynasty (960-1279). As a general (将军), he 53 his army to win many wars. In 1125, the Jin army from the north fought against the Song kingdom and tried to take 54 of its central lands. Yue decided to fight the enemy in order to protect his country and the people. Before he 55 , his mother asked him, “Right now the country is facing great 56 . What exactly do you plan to do?” “Serve my country with all my heart,” Yue said. That was what Yue Fei’s mother hoped her son would do. It was not 57 for Yue Fei’s mother to encourage her son to do something so dangerous. She decided to tattoo (纹身) the words onto her son’s back so that he would not 58 them. His mother asked,“ My child, tattoos are very painful. Are you 59 ?” Yue said, “Mother, a little needle (针) is 60 . If I was scared of it, how could I face going to war on the front lines?” Keeping these words in mind, Yue beat the Jin army many times. 61 , Yue Fei was killed by the emperor later because of Qin Hui’s action, but his 62 was passed on to later generations. We need to respect and learn from Yue Fei. 53．A．advised B．allowed C．stopped D．led 54．A．care B．notice C．control D．advantage 55．A．found out B．set out C．gave out D．worked out 56．A．honor B．difficulty C．pleasure D．pity 57．A．easy B．hard C．patient D．sad 58．A．solve B．describe C．forget D．explain 59．A．afraid B．worried C．disappointed D．surprised 60．A．everything B．nothing C．something D．anything 61．A．Hopefully B．Luckily C．Happily D．Sadly 62．A．face B．knowledge C．spirit D．mind （2024·广东珠海·一模）During the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was a government official named Yang Zhen. One day, Yang 63 his old co-worker Wang Mi during a trip. They saw each other in the street. In the past, Yang saw Wang’s talent and 64 to help him become a government official. Wang never forgot Yang’s help. He invited Yang to stay over for the night. It was near midnight. Wang knocked on the door of Yang’s 65 . Yang was going to sleep. However, he 66 opened the door and wanted to know what happened. Wang gave Yang a bag and said, “This is to thank you for helping me.” Yang looked in the bag. It was full of 67 . “Do I look like a person who takes money from others? I thought you knew me well!” Yang said 68 . He felt very disappointed in Wang. “It’s late at night. No one will know if we keep it a 69 ,” said Wang. “What do you mean no one would 70 ? Heaven knows, Earth knows you know and I know,” Yang said. Wang left in shame. This story is 3,000 years old. But the lesson is still 71 today as it can remind us to be a good man. Will you steal something when there’s no one watching? Will you 72 the language you use on the Internet if you’re worried about hurting others with your words? There are so many moments when we should ask, “Am I still a good person when I’m alone?” 63．A．met B．knew C．fought D．heard 64．A．stopped B．decided C．remembered D．refused 65．A．kitchen B．garden C．hall D．bedroom 66．A．never B．almost C．still D．usually 67．A．meat B．bread     C．gold       D．cotton 68．A．happily B．quietly C．angrily D．proudly 69．A．secret B．story C．lie D．message 70．A．notice B．succeed C．expect D．follow 71．A．difficult B．different C．important D．fantastic 72．A．be bored with B．be satisfied with C．be afraid of D．be careful with 三、书面表达 73．（2024·河南焦作·二模） 英语课上，老师分享了李白《铁杵成针》的故事后，要求同学们写出感受，并推荐一位自己最喜欢的中国的其他名人。请你根据以下写作要求，用英语写一篇发言稿与同学们分享。 写作要求： 1)你从李白身上学到了什么； 2)你推荐的人是谁，为什么推荐他/她，请写出理由； 3)文中不得出现考生的真实姓名和学校名称； 4)词数100左右(开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)。 Good morning, everyone! I’m glad to stand here and share my thoughts with you.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That’s all. Thank you! 74．（2024·辽宁丹东·二模）从古至今，我们从未缺少英雄：他们可能是功勋卓著的大人物，也可能是默默无闻的身边人。假如你是李辉，请写一篇演讲稿，参加学校以“The hero in my heart”为题的英语演讲比赛。 内容要点如下： 1. 你心中的英雄是谁； 2. 说明理由； 3. 你想对他/她说的话。 注意： 1. 词数80～100，开头已写好，不计入总词数； 2. 可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 Hello, everyone! My name is Li Hui. Today, I’d like to talk about the hero in my heart. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 75．（22-23九年级上·山东聊城·期中）假如你是Steve，请你根据下面的信息介绍一下孔子、莎士比亚、马克吐温三位作家，据可适当发挥，写一篇英语短文。 内容包括： Confucius 中国；思想家、教育家；睿智；思想影响。 Shakespeare 英国；剧作有意义。 Mark Twain 美国；十九世纪；不如前两者出名。 注意：1.词数：80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3.文中不能出现真实的学校及学生名字。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 76．（2024·安徽合肥·三模）假定你是李辉，你校英语社团正在策划一次以“中国古代杰出人物”为主题的活动周，你和同学看完通知后想参加该活动。请你认真阅读该通知，并按要求写一篇英语短文。 NoticeDear students, The English Club in our school plans to organize a week-length event about Historic Figures in ancient China. You and your friends should work together to introduce one of the Chinese historic figures. ★Who is the figure that you want to introduce? ★Why do you want to introduce the person? ★How will you display the person? (By making a poster? By creating a video? Or by…) ★How will you work together to finish the task? Looking forward to your passage. School English ClubWord Bank: figure (n. 人物); display (v. 展示) 注意：1.词数80—100 左右；2.开头已给出，不计入总词数。 I’m Li Hui from Class One. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 77．（22-23九年级上·广东广州·阶段练习）假设你昨天读了一则关于司马光的故事，请根据以下内容写一篇读后感。 故事梗概 ·司马光和朋友在花园里玩耍 ·突然一个男孩爬上树并掉入树下的水缸 ·水缸装满了水，男孩在内不能呼吸 ·司马光捡起石头砸缸 ·水缸破了，水流出来，男孩得救 你对司马光的评价 …… Yesterday, I read a story about Sima Guang. One day, he and his friends were playing happily in the garden._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 14 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 13 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 Wise men in history 单元主题阅读与写作范文15篇 一、阅读理解 （22-23九年级上·山东德州·期末） Who is the greatest teacher in Chinese history? Many people would think of Confucius, whose birthday was September 28. Although he lived over 2,000 years ago, people still remember and respect him for his contribution to the education today. Confucius lived in the Kingdom of Lu, which lies in Shandong Province. He lived during the Spring and Autumn Period. He had a hard childhood. His father died when he was only 3. His mother brought him up. As a child, he had to work to help his mother, but young Confucius didn’t give up studying. He visited many famous teachers and learned music, history, poetry and sports. Later, he became a teacher and started the first public school in Chinese history. At that time only children from noble families could go to school, but Confucius believed everyone should go to school if they wanted to learn. He had about 3,000 students in his lifetime. Today, people still follow Confucius’ lessons. He told us that we all have something worthy to be learned. “When I am with three people, one of them must be better than me in some areas. I choose their good qualities and follow them.” “All study but no thinking makes people puzzled (困惑的). All thinking but no study makes people lazy.” Confucius is not only a great teacher, but also a famous thinker with wise thoughts about the world and society. His most important teachings are about kindness and good manners. “A person should be strict with himself, but be kind to others,” he said. 1．Today we still remember Confucius mainly because ________. A．he lived a poor life in his childhood B．he had wise thoughts and great views about education C．he traveled with his students from state to state D．he lived during the Spring and Autumn Period 2．Confucius learned music, history, poetry and sports ________ as a child. A．by teaching himself at home B．with the help of his mother C．by going to school D．by visiting many famous teachers 3．The underlined word “noble” in Paragraph 3 has the closest meaning to ________. A．poor B．bright C．rich D．cute 4．The correct order of the following statements is ________. ①Confucius worked to help his mother as a child. ②Confucius educated about 3,000 students in his lifetime. ③Confucius’ father died. ④Confucius started the first public school in Chinese history. A．③①④② B．②③④① C．①③②④ D．④③①② 5．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage? A．All study but no thinking makes people puzzled. B．No one has something worthy to be learned. C．All thinking but no study makes people lazy. D．A person should be strict with himself, but be kind to others. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文介绍了伟大的教育家和思想家——孔子。 1．细节理解题。根据“Although he lived over 2,000 years ago, people still remember and respect him for his contribution to the education today.”可知，人们现在仍然记得孔子对教育的贡献。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“He visited many famous teachers and learned music, history, poetry and sports.”可知，孔子小的时候虽然很艰苦，但没有放弃学习，他拜访了很多名师，学习音乐、历史、诗歌和体育。故选D。 3．词义猜测题。根据“At that time only children from noble families could go to school, but Confucius believed everyone should go to school if they wanted to learn”可知，那时只有贵族家庭的孩子才能去上学，但孔子认为如果人们想要学习，那每个人都应该去上学。划线单词noble意为“贵族的”，与rich近义。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“His father died when he was only 3...As a child, he had to work to help his mother...Later, he became a teacher and started the first public school in Chinese history...He had about 3,000 students in his lifetime”可知，孔子的父亲逝世，然后他不得不工作来帮助他的母亲，后来他创办了中国历史上第一所公立学校，他一生中约有3000名学生。所以事情的发展顺序应如选项A所示。故选A。 5．细节理解题。根据“He told us that we all have something worthy to be learned.”可知，我们都有值得学习的东西。故选B。 （2024·广东深圳·二模）A new travel route (线路) was created in memory of a historic event. Under the guidance of Mao Zedong, the Communist Party of China (CPC) left Xibaipo village for Beijing 75 years ago. Mao compared this important journey to “going to the capital for the big exam” in ancient China because they headed north to build a new China in Beijing. It showed the leaders’ strong will to face new challenges. The museums along the route provide a lot of valuable photos and exhibits (展品) for visitors to learn about this historic journey. According to the files, the CPC members set off on March 23, making a stop in Shulyu village where Mao had discussions with local people. They then got on a train at Zhuozhou Railway Station and arrived at Qinghuayuan Railway Station in Beijing on March 25. Later, they went to the Summer Palace for a rest and finally ended the journey at Xiangshan Mountain. The new route connects all these famous places. Among them, Qinghuayuan Railway Station is especially important as it marked the historic moment when the CPC leaders and members entered Beijing. It is also on the Beijing-Zhangjiakou railway, the first railway that was designed and built by Chinese engineers without the help of foreign countries. The construction (建造) of it started in 1905 and was completed four years later when Qinghuayuan Railway Station was finished. By following the route map, people can find more details of the historic journey and get encouragement from the memories. They will come to understand the challenges CPC members faced at that time and keep their spirit alive. 6．When did CPC members travel from Xibaipo Village to Beijing? A．In 1946. B．In 1947. C．In 1948. D．In 1949 7．Why did CPC members go to the Summer Palace? A．To take a break. B．To talk with local people. C．To climb a mountain. D．To protect historical items. 8．What can we infer (推断) from Paragraph 3? A．Qinghuayuan Railway Station was CPC’s second stop in Beijing. B．The CPC members helped build Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway. C．The railways were built by Chinese and foreigners before 1905. D．Passengers could get off at Qinghuayuan Railway Station in 1907. 9．What is the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 10．What could be the best title of the article? A．Tourists call for a new travel route B．“Red tourism” gains popularity in China C．Travel route honors CPC’s historic journey D．Xibaipo Village: New China set off from here 【答案】6．D 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了一条新的旅游路线，该路线是为了纪念中国共产党（CPC）在毛泽东的领导下，从西柏坡村前往北京这一历史性事件而创建的。文章详细描述了这一旅程的背景、路线上的重要站点和事件，以及这些站点对于中共历史的重要性。 6．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Under the guidance of Mao Zedong, the Communist Party of China (CPC) left Xibaipo village for Beijing 75 years ago.”可知，75年前，在毛泽东的带领下，中国共产党离开了西柏坡村去北京。由此可推断出，中国共产党离开了西柏坡村去北京的时间是1949年。故选D。 7．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Later, they went to the Summer Palace for a rest and finally ended the journey at Xiangshan Mountain.”可知，他们去颐和园是为了休息。故选A。 8．推理判断题。根据第三段中“It is also on the Beijing-Zhangjiakou railway, the first railway that was designed and built by Chinese engineers without the help of foreign countries. The construction (建造) of it started in 1905 and was completed four years later when Qinghuayuan Railway Station was finished.”可知，也在京张铁路上，这是第一条没有外国帮助，由中国工程师设计建造的铁路。它的建造始于1905年，四年后清华园火车站竣工。由此可推测出，1905年以前，铁路是由中国人和外国人修建的。故选C。 9．篇章结构题。根据通读全文可知，第一段主要是开门见山，介绍了新的旅行路线是为了纪念一个历史事件而创作的，通过讲述了75年前，在毛泽东的带领下，中国共产党离开了西柏坡村去北京。毛泽东将这段重要的旅程比作中国古代的“进京赶考”，为他们北上在北京建立了一个新中国的故事引出下文；第二段和第三段介绍了在毛泽东的带领下，中国共产党离开了西柏坡村去北京的历程和建造清华园火车站的历程；最后一段，主要讲述了通过跟随路线图，人们可以找到历史旅程的更多细节，并从回忆中获得鼓励，重申主题。所以篇章结构应该是：总分总，如B选项图示所示。故选B。 10．最佳标题题。根据第一段中“A new travel route (线路) was created in memory of a historic event.”和最后一段中“By following the route map, people can find more details of the historic journey and get encouragement from the memories.”可知，本文主要讲述了新的旅行路线是为了纪念一个历史事件而创作的。由此可知，C选项“旅游路线纪念中国共产党的历史征程”符合做文章的题目。故选C。 （2024·广东广州·二模）Many of you should have heard of Tiangong Kaiwu. It is one of the greatest technological encyclopedias written in Chinese. But how much do you know about its author, Song Yingxing? Song was a brilliant scientist during the late Ming dynasty. He was born into an ordinary family in 1587 and had a happy childhood. He and his brother Song Yingsheng went to school together. Both of them were very smart. Song won third place while his brother won sixth in the provincial Imperial Exam (科举考试). Later, Song and his brother took the national Imperial Exam, but they both failed. They had no choice but to take up jobs offered to them by the provincial government. Song worked as a teacher for many years. Meanwhile, he sat for the national Imperial Exam for another four times. Unluckily, he never achieved success. On his repeated trips to the capital to take the exams, however, he learned about the different technologies that were being used in different fields. His wide knowledge enabled him to create Tiangong Kaiwu in the 1630s. The name of the Chinese encyclopedia refers to humans’ making good use of the wealth of nature with the help of technologies. The book covers more than 130 technologies of farming and manufacturing. The explanations are clear and detailed. There are also many pictures to help with the understanding of the text. The encyclopedia became popular soon after it was produced and sold to the public. The Ming dynasty fell in 1644, but Song and his brother refused to work for the new Qing government and gave up their jobs. Song lived a poor life until the day he died. In his final years, he wrote many articles and poems against the Qing government. Tens of years later, some Qing officials found these articles and poems. They were so angry that they destroyed all of Song’s works. Luckily, Tiangong Kaiwu had already spread to many other countries, though it wouldn’t find its way back to China until the end of the Qing dynasty in 1911. Finally, Chinese people were able to marvel at this great scientist again. 11．Why was the repeated trips to the capital important to Song Yingxing? A．He got a job offered by the provincial government. B．He finally achieved success because of his hard work. C．He could fight for his dream together with Song Yingsheng. D．He experienced a lot and learned practical scientific knowledge. 12．In what order did the following happen in Song Yingxing’s life? a．He wrote Tiangong Kaiwu encyclopedia. b．His works were destroyed by the government. c．He lived a poor life because he didn’t serve the government. d．He won good places in the provincial exam with his brother. e．He tried several times in the national Imperial Exam but failed. A．d, a, e, b, c B．d, e, a, c, b C．c, d, a, e, b D．c, a, b, e, d 13．What is the main focus of Tiangong Kaiwu? A．The life of working as a teacher. B．Song Yingxing’s poems and articles. C．The way human beings use technologies. D．The Songs’ knowledge learned from different fields. 14．What can we know about Tiangong Kaiwu according to the passage? A．It was destroyed by officials after it was produced. B．Its cover was made with the help of 130 technologies. C．It helped spread traditional Chinese skills to the world. D．It included articles and poems against the Qing government. 【答案】11．D 12．B 13．C 14．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了明朝著名科学家宋应星的生平及他的著作《天工开物》的相关情况。 11．细节理解题。根据“On his repeated trips to the capital to take the exams, however, he learned about the different technologies that were being used in different fields.”可知，因为他经历了很多，学到了很多实用的科学知识。故选D。 12．细节理解题。根据“Song won third place while his brother won sixth in the provincial Imperial Exam (科举考试). Later, Song and his brother took the national Imperial Exam, but they both failed”可知，他和他哥哥在乡试中取得了好成绩，但是他参加了几次科举考试，但都失败了。根据“His wide knowledge enabled him to create Tiangong Kaiwu in the 1630s.”可知，他写了《天工开物》，结合选项，排除ACD，故选B。 13．细节理解题。根据“The name of the Chinese encyclopedia refers to humans’ making good use of the wealth of nature with the help of technologies”可知，《天工开物》的主要内容是人类如何利用技术有效地利用自然财富。故选C。 14．细节理解题。根据“Luckily, Tiangong Kaiwu had already spread to many other countries, though it wouldn’t find its way back to China until the end of the Qing dynasty in 1911”可知，《天工开物》帮助中国的传统技能传播到了世界各地。故选C。 （2023·广东广州·一模）When talking about fishing in China, Jiang Tai Gong is very likely to be the first name that would come to people’s mind. The story happened in the late years of the Shang dynasty. Jiang Tai Gong once served the king of Shang dynasty, and began to hate him for tyranny from the bottom of heart. Jiang Tai Gong was a genius in military tactics and government management. He lived near the Weihe River about 3,000 years ago. The area was the feudal estate of Count Ji Chang. Jiang Tai Gong knew Ji Chang was very ambitious, so he hoped to get Ji’s attention. He often went fishing at the Weihe River, but he would fish in an unusual way. He hung a straight fishhook, without bait, three feet above the water. Lookers-on were curious about it, and Jiang Tai Gong explained, “I would like to take honestly rather than to ask for with the knees down. I fish not for the fish but for the nobility (高贵).” Later words traveled to Count Ji. He sent a soldier to invite him. Jiang Tai Gong ignored the solider, going on with fishing, and was talking to himself, “Fishing, fishing, no fish has been hooked. A shrimp is up to mischief (恶作剧).” The soldier reported this back to Ji Chang, who became more interested in this man. Then, Count Ji sent an official to invite him. It didn’t work. Finally Ji Chang realized Jiang may be a genius, so he went to invite Jiang Tai Gong himself. Jiang saw his sincerity and honesty and finally decided to work for him. In the end, Jiang Tai Gong helped Count Ji and his offspring build a great power and build  Zhou dynasty — a great dynasty. Today, people use the old idiom There are always fish willing to be caught by angler Jiang Taigong to describe someone who willingly falls in a trap or does something no matter what the result is. This idiom has been passed on from generation to generation. To some degree, it could be regarded as a part of Chinese philosophy. 15．Why did Jiang Tai Gong give up serving the king of Shang Dynasty? A．Because Jiang was too old to serve the king. B．Because the king treated his people rudely. C．Because Jiang was an ambitious person. D．Because the king didn’t need Jiang any more. 16．How did Jiang Tai Gong fish? A．He fished with a straight hook in the water. B．He fished without bait above the water. C．He fished with bait to plead for fish. D．He fished with a usual fishhook without bait. 17．What does the underlined part “a shrimp” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．a kind of animal B．a small fish C．the soldier D．the official 18．Which of the followings can we use the idiom to describe? A．Linda, who still trusts people that tell lies B．Annie, who is always willing to help others C．Leo, who enjoys setting taps for others D．Tommy, who does things after thinking twice 【答案】15．B 16．B 17．C 18．A 【导语】本文主要通过姜子牙的故事来解释了一个词语“姜太公钓鱼，愿者上钩”。 15．细节理解题。根据“Jiang Tai Gong once served the king of Shang dynasty, and began to hate him for tyranny from the bottom of heart.”可知姜太公放弃为商朝国王效力是因为商王对待人们很残暴。故选B。 16．细节理解题。根据“He hung a straight fishhook, without bait, three feet above the water.”可知他在水面上钓鱼，没有诱饵。故选B。 17．词义猜测题。根据“He sent a soldier to invite him. Jiang Tai Gong ignored the solider, going on with fishing, and was talking to himself, ‘Fishing, fishing, no fish has been hooked. A shrimp is up to mischief.’ ”可知此处指没有等到要等的人，等来了一个士兵，a shrimp在此处指代上文提到的士兵。故选C。 18．推理判断题。根据“Today, people use the old idiom There are always fish willing to be caught by angler Jiang Taigong to describe someone who willingly falls in a trap or does something no matter what the result is.”可知“姜太公钓鱼，愿者上钩”用来描述那些无论结果如何都愿意落入陷阱或做某事的人。琳达依旧信任撒谎的人，这个成语可以用来描述她。故选A。 （23-24九年级上·广东广州·期末） Do you know who was described as “superhuman” by the great inventor and astronomer Galileo? It was Archimedes who solved the king’s problem of the golden crown while taking a bath. He was perhaps one of the most outstanding scientists in the world. He was a mathematician, physicist, engineer, weapon designer and inventor. He was wise in philosophy, active in mathematics and physics. He was also recognized as one of the finest engineers of his time. He was born on the island of Sicily in the city of Syracuse around the year 287 BC and died in 212 BC． Archimedes showed great love for mathematics. He made many discoveries. For example, he determined the exact value of pi. He invented and developed methods similar to calculus (微积分) and used them to find the area of a circle and an accurate estimation (估计值) of the value of pi. Today he is regarded as one of the greatest mathematicians in history. Archimedes used his mathematical skills and talents to create useful inventions. One of his most famous inventions is called the Archimedes’ Screw. It was a device that could lift water to higher levels. One of its first uses was to pump water out from a leaking ship. It is still used today in some places to move water from low places to high places. This invention influenced Leonardo da Vinci as he worked on developing the functioning flying machine. Can you imagine counting the sand in the universe? Archimedes once tried to calculate the number of sand grains in the universe. Obviously, it was impossible but it goes to show that he was too smart. His intellectual curiosity and achievements to mathematics, in general, would go on to encourage other mathematicians as well. Most of his achievements were by far ahead of his time. Archimedes was in deed a genius. 19．What’s the main idea of paragraph 2? A．A brief introduction to Archimedes. B．Archimedes’ discoveries in maths. C．The great inventions of Archimedes. D．Archimedes’ study on the universe. 20．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 3? A．A leaking ship. B．Water from low places. C．The Archimedes’ Screw. D．The functioning flying machine. 21．Which of the following is NOT true according to the article? A．Archimedes was a man with many talents and died at the age of 75. B．Leonardo da Vinci and Archimedes developed the functioning flying machine. C．The Archimedes’ Screw helped lift water from lower places to higher places. D．Archimedes’ achievements will continue to encourage generations of mathematicians. 22．What might be the best title for the article? A．Archimedes and Inventions B．Archimedes and Mathematics C．The Achievements of Archimedes D．The Life Experience of Archimedes 【答案】19．B 20．C 21．B 22．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了阿基米德在数学领域的一些发现。 19．主旨大意题。根据“Archimedes showed great love for mathematics. He made many discoveries.”以及下文可知，本段主要介绍的是阿基米德在数学领域的发现。故选B。 20．词句猜测题。根据“One of his most famous inventions is called the Archimedes’ Screw. It was a device that could lift water to higher levels. One of its first uses was to pump water out from a leaking ship. It is still used today in some places to move water from low places to high places.”可知，此处介绍的是阿基米德发明的一种螺旋，能将水从低处运到高处，因此it指代“The Archimedes’ Screw”。故选C。 21．细节理解题。根据“This invention influenced Leonardo da Vinci as he worked on developing the functioning flying machine.”可知，阿基米德螺旋的发明只是影响了达芬奇，发明功能性飞行器的是达芬奇。故选B。 22．最佳标题题。根据“Archimedes showed great love for mathematics…Today he is regarded as one of the greatest mathematicians in history…His intellectual curiosity and achievements to mathematics, in general, would go on to encourage other mathematicians as well”以及全文可知，本文主要介绍的是阿基米德和数学的故事。故选B。 二、完形填空 （22-23九年级上·广东深圳·期末）Respecting teachers has always been a tradition in China. Yang Shi was a philosopher（哲学家) in the Northern Song Dynasty. One day, he and his schoolmates had different opinions on a question. To get a 23 answer, he went to visit Cheng Yi, the famous philosopher. At Cheng’s house, 24 , the guarding kid told him that Mr. Cheng was meditating（冥想) in his room and asked him to go back. Yang 25 to leave, so the little boy left him alone and went in. After a while, it began to snow 26 . The little boy came out again and reminded Yang that Mr. Cheng might spend the whole afternoon meditating. He invited Yang to 27 himself in the house to avoid the wind and snow. But Yang kept standing in the snow and waiting outside in order that he could ask Cheng’s 28 on the question. As soon as Cheng finished meditating, the boy reported that Yang was waiting outside. When 29 this, Cheng came out to see Yang. When the door was opened, everyone was 30 . The snow was more than a foot deep, but Yang stood still, 31 moving his feet. “Young man, why are you so silly? You could have come again someday!” Cheng took Yang to the room at once. “As a student…if I want to learn from the teacher…I should…of course…respectfully wait outside…” said Yang, shaking with cold. Cheng was very happy and accepted Yang as his student because of Yang’s politeness and effort to learn. He taught Yang all his philosophical thoughts. That made a big 32 to Yang’s life. Later, Yang really learned a lot and made great contributions (贡献) to his country. 23．A．similar B．wrong C．correct D．difficult 24．A．however B．besides C．anyway D．instead 25．A．hoped B．agreed C．refused D．wanted 26．A．heavily B．early C．deeply D．wisely 27．A．hide B．find C．cool D．warm 28．A．method B．rule C．record D．opinion 29．A．seeing B．hearing C．feeling D．receiving 30．A．excited B．relaxed C．shocked D．interested 31．A．by B．with C．on D．without 32．A．choice B．difference C．decision D．plan 【答案】 23．C 24．A 25．C 26．A 27．D 28．D 29．B 30．C 31．D 32．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了“程门立雪”的故事。 23．句意：为了得到正确的答案，他去拜访了著名哲学家程颐。 similar相似的；wrong错误的；correct正确的；difficult困难的。根据“he and his schoolmates had different opinions on a question.”可知，意见不同所以是想要得到正确的答案，故选C。 24．句意：然而，在程的家里，守卫小孩告诉他，程先生正在他的房间里冥想，并请他回去。 however然而；besides此外；anyway无论如何；instead代替。根据“the guarding kid told him that Mr. Cheng was meditating in his room and asked him to go back.”可知，此处表示转折，来到程颐的家，然而他却在家冥想，故选A。 25．句意：杨时拒绝离开，所以小男孩留下他一个人走了进去。 hoped希望；agreed同意；refused拒绝；wanted想要。根据“so the little boy left him alone and went in.”以及下文可知，杨时没有离开。故选C。 26．句意：过了一会儿，天开始下起大雪。 heavily大量地；early早地；deeply深地；wisely明智地。根据“The little boy came out again and reminded Yang that Mr. Cheng might spend the whole afternoon meditating”可知，雪下大了，snow heavily“下大雪”。故选A。 27．句意：他邀请杨时在屋里暖和暖和来躲避刮风和下雪。 hide隐藏；find发现；cool(使)冷却；warm(使)温暖。根据“He invited Yang to...himself in the house”可知，此处是指在屋子里暖和一下。warm oneself“取暖”。故选D。 28．句意：但杨时一直站在雪地里，在外面等着，以便他能问程对这个问题的看法。 method方法；rule规则；record记录；opinion看法。根据“ask Cheng’s...on the question.”可知，此处是指程对这个问题的看法。故选D。 29．句意：听到这个消息，程颐出来见了杨时。 seeing看见；hearing听到；feeling感觉；receiving收到。根据“the boy reported that Yang was waiting outside.”可知，此处是指程颐一听到这个消息。故选B。 30．句意：当门打开时，所有人都震惊了。 excited激动的；relaxed轻松的；shocked震惊的；interested感兴趣的。根据“The snow was more than a foot deep, but Yang stood still”可知，雪很深了但是杨时一动不动，这让所有人很震惊。故选C。 31．句意：雪有一英尺多深，但杨时站在那里一动不动，双脚一动也不动。 by借助；with和；on在上面；without没有。根据“Yang stood still”可知，杨时不一动不动，所以双脚也没动。故选D。 32．句意：这对杨时的生活产生了很大的影响。 choice选择；difference不同；decision决定；plan计划。根据“Later, Yang really learned a lot and made great contributions to his country.”可知，此处是指对杨时生活产生了很大影响，make a difference to意为“对……产生影响”，故选B。 （2023·广东珠海·二模）请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Modesty (谦逊) is a valuable quality in many cultures around the world. In China, there is no 33 . But the phrase “Mao Sui recommending himself” seems to disagree with this. During the Warring States Period, the Qin army 34 Handan, Zhao. Seeing that Handan was in danger, Prince Pingyuan decided to look for help from the State of Chu. He wanted to 35 twenty talented people to go with him. However, he could 36 find 19 people who were good enough. Then, a man named Mao Sui volunteered. Prince Pingyuan looked at Mao Sui with doubt, “ 37   did you come here with me?” “Three years ago,” Mao Sui answered. “I hear that a person with talent is like an awl (锥子) in a cloth bag. Its sharp point will soon pierce through the bag. You’ve been here for a long time, but I haven’t seen any of your 38 . Maybe you don’t have any talent,”  said Prince Pingyuan. “What I’m asking you now is to put me into that bag and show my talent. If you do that, I will pierce through it. But not only the point — the whole awl,” Mao Sui said 39 . Impressed by him, Prince Pingyuan allowed Mao to join his team, and Mao’s hard work finally 40 . Now the phrase “Mao Sui recommending himself” is used to 41 someone who volunteers to do a task. However, there is a fine line between self-confidence and arrogance. It’s important to believe in yourself, but a strong ego can harm your career and professional relationships. So we recommend letting your work 42 for itself. 33．A．difference B．difficulty C．survey D．support 34．A．dealt with B．got on with C．played with D．fought with 35．A．consider B．pick C．connect D．divide 36．A．still B．only C．ever D．already 37．A．Why B．Where C．What D．When 38．A．achievements B．customers C．manners D．standards 39．A．widely B．confidently C．worriedly D．regularly 40．A．went off B．put off C．paid off D．took off 41．A．push B．refuse C．beat D．describe 42．A．speak B．wait C．ask D．care 【答案】 33．A 34．D 35．B 36．B 37．D 38．A 39．B 40．C 41．D 42．A 【导语】本文以中国古代“毛遂自荐”的典故告诉人们要相信自己，但也要把握好分寸，切勿过度自我。 33．句意：在中国也不例外。 difference不同，差别；difficulty困难；survey调查；support支持。根据“Modesty (谦逊) is a valuable quality in many cultures around the world.”可知，谦逊在很多国家是宝贵的品质，在中国也没有“差别”。故选A。 34．句意：在战国时期，秦军和赵国在邯郸交战。 dealt with处理；got on with相处；played with和……玩耍；fought with和……交战。根据“Seeing that Handan was in danger”可知，一方有危险，可知两国在交战。故选D。 35．句意：他想选20个有才能的人和他一起去。 consider考虑；pick挑选；connect连接；divide分。根据“find 19 people”可知，是选20个人。故选B。 36．句意：然而，他只能找到19个足够优秀的人。 still仍然；only只；ever曾经；already已经。根据“twenty talented people”可知，需要找20个人，现在只找到19个。故选B。 37．句意：你是什么时候来这里追随我的？ Why为什么；Where哪里；What什么；When当……时候。根据“Three years ago”可知，回答的是时间，因此是问什么时候来的。故选D。 38．句意：你已经来这里很久了，但是我还没有看到你的任何成就。 achievements成就；customers顾客；manners礼貌；standards标准。根据“Maybe you don’t have any talent,”可知，平原君猜测毛遂没有才能是因为没有看到他的成就。故选A。 39．句意：毛遂自信地说。 widely广泛地；confidently自信地；worriedly担心地；regularly有规律地。根据“What I’m asking you now is to put me into that bag and show my talent. If you do that, I will pierce through it. But not only the point — the whole awl,”可知，此处是毛遂自信地请求平原君给他机会展示自己的才能。故选B。 40．句意：毛遂的努力最后得到回报。 went off离开；put off拖延；paid off得到回报；took off起飞。根据“Prince Pingyuan allowed Mao to join his team”可知，平原君允许毛遂加入队伍，所以是努力得到回报。故选C。 41．句意：现在成语“毛遂自荐”被用于描述自愿完成任务的人。 push推；refuse拒绝；beat打败；describe描述。根据“someone who volunteers to do a task”可知，此处指成语“毛遂自荐”描述的内容。故选D。 42．句意：所以我们建议你让你的工作为自己发声。 speak说；wait等；ask问；care关心。根据“So we recommend letting your work…for itself.”可知，此处指让工作为自己说话。故选A。 （23-24九年级上·广东广州·期末） During the Three Kingdoms period in ancient China, there was a wise man named Zhuge Liang, also known as Kongming. He served for Liu Bei. One day, Zhuge Liang found himself in a/an 43 situation. Sima Yi’s army was reported being 44 and Zhuge’s support was still far away. There was only one 45 for Zhuge to take, the use of empty city. Zhuge Liang sent his soldiers to West City. He told them to 46 the city gates and sent them to clean the roads. The men couldn’t understand Zhuge Liang’s request, but Zhuge told them not to 47 and he had secretly sent many soldiers around to fight the coming war. Zhuge himself went up the city wall with two of his service boys and began to play his favourite music there. Sima Yi’s army had been told that West City was empty. However, when they arrived and saw the open gates, empty streets, and only a few old soldiers working as cleaners, they became 48 and didn’t enter the city. Zhuge told them that the city was empty and he had prepared to welcome the enemy. Sima Yi believed it was a 49 since Zhuge had never taken any unsure plans in his life and his words couldn’t be 50 trusted. He replied Zhuge that no matter whether the city was empty or not, he was not to enter. Sima Yi’s army camped miles away outside West City. General Zhao Yun returned to West City. Zhuge Liang sent Zhao to attack the 51 and he went back to his State right away. Sima Yi was again told by his men that West City was empty. When he headed towards West City for the second time, he met Zhao Yun and was 52 . When he finally learnt what had happened, he realized about his weakness, and left that area. 43．A．ashamed B．difficult C．strange D．amazing 44．A．bigger B．smarter C．weaker D．nearer 45．A．reason B．choice C．order D．lesson 46．A．mend B．wash C．clean D．open 47．A．worry B．care C．fight D．shout 48．A．helpful B．doubtful C．joyful D．hopeful 49．A．trick B．game C．quiz D．joke 50．A．kindly B．slowly C．easily D．happily 51．A．gate B．heart C．city D．enemy 52．A．fooled B．shaken C．beaten D．killed 【答案】 43．B 44．D 45．B 46．D 47．A 48．B 49．A 50．C 51．D 52．C 【导语】本文主要讲述“空城计”这一故事。 43．句意：一天，诸葛亮陷入困境。 ashamed感到羞愧的；difficult困难的；strange奇怪的；amazing惊人的。根据后文介绍可知，诸葛亮处于困境中，故选B。 44．句意：据说司马懿的军队更近了，诸葛亮的援军还很远。 bigger更大的；smarter更聪明的；weaker更弱的；nearer更近的。根据“Sima Yi’s army was reported being...and Zhuge’s support was still far away.”可知，司马懿的军队更近了，诸葛亮的援军还很远。故选D。 45．句意：诸葛亮只有一个选择，那就是利用空城。 reason原因；choice选择；order命令；lesson课。根据“There was only one...for Zhuge to take, the use of empty city.”可知，诸葛亮只有一个选择，故选B。 46．句意：他吩咐他们打开城门，派他们去打扫道路。 mend修补；wash洗；clean打扫；open打开。根据“He told them to...the city gates and sent them to clean the roads.”可知，他吩咐他们打开城门，故选D。 47．句意：这些人不明白诸葛亮的要求，但诸葛亮告诉他们不要担心，他已经秘密派遣了许多士兵去参加即将到来的战争。 worry担心；care关心；fight打架；shout大叫。根据“but Zhuge told them not to...and he had secretly sent many soldiers around to fight the coming war”可知，诸葛亮告诉他们不要担心，故选A。 48．句意：然而，当他们到达时，看到敞开的大门，空荡荡的街道，只有几个做清洁工的老兵，他们就怀疑了，没有进入这个城市。 helpful有帮助的；doubtful怀疑的；joyful有趣的；hopeful有希望的。根据“they became...and didn’t enter the city”可知，诸葛亮的做法引起怀疑，故选B。 49．句意：司马懿认为这是一个诡计，因为诸葛一生没有做过什么不确定的计划，他的话不能轻易相信。 trick把戏；game游戏；quiz竞赛；joke玩笑。根据“Sima Yi believed it was a...since Zhuge had never taken any unsure plans in his life”可知，司马懿认为这是一个诡计，故选A。 50．句意：司马懿认为这是一个诡计，因为诸葛一生没有做过什么不确定的计划，他的话不能轻易相信。 kindly友善地；slowly缓慢地；easily容易地；happily开心地。根据“his words couldn’t be...trusted”可知，司马懿认为诸葛亮的话不能轻易相信，故选C。 51．句意：诸葛亮派赵云去攻打敌人，并且他马上就回了自己的国家。 gate大门；heart心；city城市；enemy敌人。根据“Zhuge Liang sent Zhao to attack the...”可知，诸葛亮派赵云去攻打敌人，故选D。 52．句意：当他第二次前往西城时，他遇到了赵云，并被打败。 fooled愚弄；shaken摇动；beaten打败；killed杀。根据“he met Zhao Yun and was...”可知，司马懿遇到了赵云，并被打败。故选C。 （2024·广东惠州·一模）请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 Yue Fei was a hero who lived during the Song Dynasty (960-1279). As a general (将军), he 53 his army to win many wars. In 1125, the Jin army from the north fought against the Song kingdom and tried to take 54 of its central lands. Yue decided to fight the enemy in order to protect his country and the people. Before he 55 , his mother asked him, “Right now the country is facing great 56 . What exactly do you plan to do?” “Serve my country with all my heart,” Yue said. That was what Yue Fei’s mother hoped her son would do. It was not 57 for Yue Fei’s mother to encourage her son to do something so dangerous. She decided to tattoo (纹身) the words onto her son’s back so that he would not 58 them. His mother asked,“ My child, tattoos are very painful. Are you 59 ?” Yue said, “Mother, a little needle (针) is 60 . If I was scared of it, how could I face going to war on the front lines?” Keeping these words in mind, Yue beat the Jin army many times. 61 , Yue Fei was killed by the emperor later because of Qin Hui’s action, but his 62 was passed on to later generations. We need to respect and learn from Yue Fei. 53．A．advised B．allowed C．stopped D．led 54．A．care B．notice C．control D．advantage 55．A．found out B．set out C．gave out D．worked out 56．A．honor B．difficulty C．pleasure D．pity 57．A．easy B．hard C．patient D．sad 58．A．solve B．describe C．forget D．explain 59．A．afraid B．worried C．disappointed D．surprised 60．A．everything B．nothing C．something D．anything 61．A．Hopefully B．Luckily C．Happily D．Sadly 62．A．face B．knowledge C．spirit D．mind 【答案】 53．D 54．C 55．B 56．B 57．A 58．C 59．A 60．B 61．D 62．C 【导语】本文讲述岳飞的母亲在岳飞背上刺“精忠报国”的故事。 53．句意：作为一名将军，他率领他的军队赢得了许多战争。 advised建议；allowed允许；stopped停止；led领导。根据“he...his army to win many wars”可知，岳飞率领他的军队赢得了许多战争。故选D。 54．句意：1125年，来自北方的金军与宋国作战，试图控制宋国的中部地区。 care关心；notice通知；control控制；advantage优势。根据“the Jin army from the north fought against the Song kingdom and tried to take...of its central lands”可知，金军试图控制宋国的中部地区，take control of“控制”，故选C。 55．句意：在他出发之前，他的母亲问他：“现在这个国家正面临着很大的困难。” found out查明；set out出发；gave out分发；worked out算出。根据“Before he..., his mother asked him...”可知，出发之前母亲问岳飞，故选B。 56．句意：在他出发之前，他的母亲问他：“现在这个国家正面临着很大的困难。” honor荣耀；difficulty困难；pleasure快乐；pity遗憾。根据“Right now the country is facing great...”可知，国家正面临着很大的困难，故选B。 57．句意：岳飞的母亲能鼓励儿子去做这么危险的事是很不容易的。 easy容易的；hard困难的；patient耐心的；sad悲伤的。根据“It was not...for Yue Fei’s mother to encourage her son to do something so dangerous.”可知，让儿子出发征战是不容易的，故选A。 58．句意：她决定把这句话纹在儿子的背上，这样他就不会忘记了。 solve解决；describe描述；forget忘记；explain解释。根据“She decided to tattoo (纹身) the words onto her son’s back so that he would not...them.”可知，让儿子不要忘记“精忠报国”，故选C。 59．句意：你害怕吗？ afraid害怕的；worried担心的；disappointed失望的；surprised惊讶的。根据“My child, tattoos are very painful. Are you...”可知，问儿子害怕吗，故选A。 60．句意：妈妈，一根小针不算什么。 everything每件事；nothing没有什么；something某事；anything任何事。根据“Mother, a little needle (针) is... If I was scared of it, how could I face going to war on the front lines?”可知，一根小针不算什么，故选B。 61．句意：可悲的是，岳飞后来因为秦桧的行为被皇帝杀死了，但他的精神却传给了后代。 Hopefully有希望地；Luckily幸运地；Happily开心地；Sadly悲伤地。根据“Yue Fei was killed by the emperor later because of Qin Hui’s action”可知，岳飞被杀是悲伤的，故选D。 62．句意：可悲的是，岳飞后来因为秦桧的行为被皇帝杀死了，但他的精神却传给了后代。 face脸；knowledge知识；spirit精神；mind大脑。根据“but his...was passed on to later generations”可知，岳飞的精神却传给了后代，故选C。 （2024·广东珠海·一模）During the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was a government official named Yang Zhen. One day, Yang 63 his old co-worker Wang Mi during a trip. They saw each other in the street. In the past, Yang saw Wang’s talent and 64 to help him become a government official. Wang never forgot Yang’s help. He invited Yang to stay over for the night. It was near midnight. Wang knocked on the door of Yang’s 65 . Yang was going to sleep. However, he 66 opened the door and wanted to know what happened. Wang gave Yang a bag and said, “This is to thank you for helping me.” Yang looked in the bag. It was full of 67 . “Do I look like a person who takes money from others? I thought you knew me well!” Yang said 68 . He felt very disappointed in Wang. “It’s late at night. No one will know if we keep it a 69 ,” said Wang. “What do you mean no one would 70 ? Heaven knows, Earth knows you know and I know,” Yang said. Wang left in shame. This story is 3,000 years old. But the lesson is still 71 today as it can remind us to be a good man. Will you steal something when there’s no one watching? Will you 72 the language you use on the Internet if you’re worried about hurting others with your words? There are so many moments when we should ask, “Am I still a good person when I’m alone?” 63．A．met B．knew C．fought D．heard 64．A．stopped B．decided C．remembered D．refused 65．A．kitchen B．garden C．hall D．bedroom 66．A．never B．almost C．still D．usually 67．A．meat B．bread     C．gold       D．cotton 68．A．happily B．quietly C．angrily D．proudly 69．A．secret B．story C．lie D．message 70．A．notice B．succeed C．expect D．follow 71．A．difficult B．different C．important D．fantastic 72．A．be bored with B．be satisfied with C．be afraid of D．be careful with 【答案】 63．A 64．B 65．D 66．C 67．C 68．C 69．A 70．A 71．C 72．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了东汉时期的官员杨震看中了王密的才华并提拔了他。有一天，王密为了感谢他，递给他一个装满了金子的袋子，但却被杨震拒收的故事。 63．句意：一天，杨在旅途中遇见了他的老同事王密。 met遇见；knew知道；fought打架；heard听见。根据“They saw each other in the street.”可知，杨在旅途中遇见了他的老同事王密。故选A。 64．句意：过去，杨看到王的才华并决定帮助他成为了一名官员。 stopped停；decided决定；remembered记住；refused拒绝。根据“Yang saw Wang’s talent”可知，此处是决定帮助他成为了一名官员，decide to do sth“决定做某事”，故选B。 65．句意：王敲开了杨卧室的门。 kitchen厨房；garden花园；hall大厅；bedroom卧室。根据“Yang was going to sleep.”可知，王敲开了杨卧室的门。故选D。 66．句意：然而，他还是打开了门想知道发生了什么。 never从不；almost几乎；still仍然，还；usually通常。根据“Yang was going to sleep. However, he...opened the door and wanted to know what happened.”可知，他本来要睡觉了，但是他还是打开了门，想知道发生了什么。故选C。 67．句意：杨看了看袋子，里面装满了黄金。 meat肉；bread面包；gold黄金；cotton棉花。根据“Do I look like a person who takes money from others?”可知，里面装满了黄金。故选C。 68．句意；“我看起来像是会从别人那里拿钱的人吗？我以为你很了解我！”杨愤怒地说。 happily高兴地；quietly安静地；angrily愤怒地；proudly骄傲地。根据“Do I look like a person who takes money from others? I thought you knew me well!”和“He felt very disappointed in Wang.”可知，杨非常愤怒。故选C。 69．句意：“现在已经深夜了。如果我们保密，没有人会知道的。”王说。 secret秘密；story故事；lie谎言；message信息。根据“No one will know”可知，此处指“保密”。故选A。 70．句意：“你说没有人会注意到？天知道，地知道，你知道，我知道。”杨说。 notice注意；succeed成功；expect期望；follow追随。根据上文“No one will know”可知，此处指“注意到”，故选A。 71．句意：但它的教训在今天仍然很重要，因为它可以提醒我们做一个好人。 difficult困难的；different不同的；important重要的；fantastic奇妙的。根据“as it can remind us to be a good man”可知，它的教训在今天仍然很重要。故选C。 72．句意：如果你担心你的话会伤害别人，你会小心你在网上使用的语言吗？ be bored with厌倦；be satisfied with满意；be afraid of害怕；be careful with小心。根据“if you’re worried about hurting others with your words”可知，言语会伤害到别人，所以要小心。故选D。 三、书面表达 73．（2024·河南焦作·二模） 英语课上，老师分享了李白《铁杵成针》的故事后，要求同学们写出感受，并推荐一位自己最喜欢的中国的其他名人。请你根据以下写作要求，用英语写一篇发言稿与同学们分享。 写作要求： 1)你从李白身上学到了什么； 2)你推荐的人是谁，为什么推荐他/她，请写出理由； 3)文中不得出现考生的真实姓名和学校名称； 4)词数100左右(开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)。 Good morning, everyone! I’m glad to stand here and share my thoughts with you.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That’s all. Thank you! 【答案】例文： Good morning, everyone! I’m glad to stand here and share my thoughts with you. In English class, after the teacher shared the story of Li Bai’s The Tie-pestle Becomes a Needle, I learned from him to persevere. Next, I would like to recommend one of my favorite celebrities. The greatest man in my heart is Yuan Longping. He is called the “father of hybrid rice”. He made a great contribution to the agriculture of the world. He solved the problem of food for millions of people. He was born in Beijing in 1930. In 1964, he started a special study about rice. In 1974, he developed a new kind of rice — Hybrid Rice. In 1980, he began to help people grow more rice not only in China but also in many other areas around the world. In 2021, he died in Changsha. I think we should save food in our daily life to remember him. Never waste any food from now on. That’s all. Thank you! 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇 演讲稿； ②时态：主要时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏“信息提示”中的每一项提示，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表达你从李白身上学到了什么； 第二步，介绍你推荐的人是谁以及推荐的理由； 第三步，书写结语。表达感谢。 [亮点词汇] make a great contribution to对……做出巨大贡献 would like to do sth.想要做某事 agriculture农业 [高分句型] ①I think we should save food in our daily life to remember him. (宾语从句) ②Never waste any food from now on. (祈使句) 74．（2024·辽宁丹东·二模）从古至今，我们从未缺少英雄：他们可能是功勋卓著的大人物，也可能是默默无闻的身边人。假如你是李辉，请写一篇演讲稿，参加学校以“The hero in my heart”为题的英语演讲比赛。 内容要点如下： 1. 你心中的英雄是谁； 2. 说明理由； 3. 你想对他/她说的话。 注意： 1. 词数80～100，开头已写好，不计入总词数； 2. 可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 Hello, everyone! My name is Li Hui. Today, I’d like to talk about the hero in my heart. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Hello, everyone! My name is Li Hui. Today, I’d like to talk about the hero in my heart. As we know, most people have heroes in their hearts. For me, Dr. Zhong Nanshan is my hero in my heart. He graduated from Beijing Medical College. He is one of the famous doctors in China. In the winter of 2019, the COVID-19 broke out in China and across the whole world. Zhong Nanshan not only led but also took an active part in the battle against it. He worked hard day and night treating the patients. With the help of him, soon the COVID-19 was under control. He is a good doctor as well as a great hero in my heart. I think a hero should not only be brave, but also be ready to help others. I want to tell him that you are the pride of us Chinese people. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇演讲稿； ②时态：时态为一般现在时和一般过去时； ③提示：根据提示信息介绍自己心中的英雄，适当增加细节。 [写作步骤] 第一步，介绍你心中的英雄是谁； 第二步，说明为什么他是自己心中的英雄； 第三步，介绍你想对他/她说的话。 [亮点词汇] ①graduate from从……毕业 ②break out爆发 ③take an active part in积极参加 [高分句型] I think a hero should not only be brave, but also be ready to help others. (宾语从句) 75．（22-23九年级上·山东聊城·期中）假如你是Steve，请你根据下面的信息介绍一下孔子、莎士比亚、马克吐温三位作家，据可适当发挥，写一篇英语短文。 内容包括： Confucius 中国；思想家、教育家；睿智；思想影响。 Shakespeare 英国；剧作有意义。 Mark Twain 美国；十九世纪；不如前两者出名。 注意：1.词数：80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3.文中不能出现真实的学校及学生名字。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 The reason why writers are famous is that their books are still being read and their books deeply affect people. Confucius is a thinker and educator in ancient China. He is a man of great wisdom. His thoughts have far-reaching influence. Shakespeare is a famous British dramatist. His creation has influenced many dramatists and made great contributions to later literature. Mark Twain was a famous American writer in the 19th century. Although he was not as famous as the first two, he also contributed to the development of world literature. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态综合使用“一般现在时”和“一般过去时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，要求根据提示信息介绍三位作家，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明写作意图，引出对三位作家的介绍； 第二步，具体介绍孔子、莎士比亚、马克吐温的情况。 [亮点词汇] ①a man of great wisdom一个才智超群的人 ②made great contributions to为……做出了巨大的贡献 ③as famous as和……一样有名 ④the development of……的发展 [高分句型] ①The reason why writers are famous is that their books are still being read and their books deeply affect people.（定语从句和表语从句） ②Although he was not as famous as the first two, he also contributed to the development of world literature.（状语从句） 76．（2024·安徽合肥·三模）假定你是李辉，你校英语社团正在策划一次以“中国古代杰出人物”为主题的活动周，你和同学看完通知后想参加该活动。请你认真阅读该通知，并按要求写一篇英语短文。 NoticeDear students, The English Club in our school plans to organize a week-length event about Historic Figures in ancient China. You and your friends should work together to introduce one of the Chinese historic figures. ★Who is the figure that you want to introduce? ★Why do you want to introduce the person? ★How will you display the person? (By making a poster? By creating a video? Or by…) ★How will you work together to finish the task? Looking forward to your passage. School English ClubWord Bank: figure (n. 人物); display (v. 展示) 注意：1.词数80—100 左右；2.开头已给出，不计入总词数。 I’m Li Hui from Class One. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 I’m Li Hui from Class One. I will introduce Confucius to you. As you know, China is greatly influenced by Confucianism. Confucius was a great Chinese thinker, educator and philosopher. He had many famous works. Confucius’ thoughts have been developed into a system of philosophy known as Confucianism. He has made a great difference in our education. We will create a video to introduce him. I will search for some information about Confucius, and some of students will turn the information into English dialogues. And others will create the video. I think we will finish the work successfully. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态为一般过去时、现在完成时和一般将来时； ③提示：根据提示内容介绍一个古代杰出人物，并介绍会如何合作完成任务，适当增加细节。 [写作步骤] 第一步，介绍你们要介绍哪个古代杰出人物以及原因； 第二步，介绍你们要如何展示这个人以及会如何合作完成任务； 第三步，表达希望。 [亮点词汇] ①search for寻找 ②turn...into把……变成 [高分句型] ①Confucius’ thoughts have been developed into a system of philosophy known as Confucianism. (过去分词作定语) ②I think we will finish the work successfully. (宾语从句) 77．（22-23九年级上·广东广州·阶段练习）假设你昨天读了一则关于司马光的故事，请根据以下内容写一篇读后感。 故事梗概 ·司马光和朋友在花园里玩耍 ·突然一个男孩爬上树并掉入树下的水缸 ·水缸装满了水，男孩在内不能呼吸 ·司马光捡起石头砸缸 ·水缸破了，水流出来，男孩得救 你对司马光的评价 …… Yesterday, I read a story about Sima Guang. One day, he and his friends were playing happily in the garden._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 Yesterday, I read a story about Sima Guang. One day, he and his friends were playing happily in the garden. They were having great fun. In the garden, there was a big vat filled with water. A boy climbed up a tree to play. Suddenly, the boy fell into the vat by accident. Another child noticed this and shouted, “Help! Help! He has fallen into the vat!” The other children were scared. They didn’t know what to do. Some of the children ran out of the yard to get help. But the vat was filled with water and the boy could not breathe in it. So Sima Guang did not run out to ask for help. He picked up a big stone and hit the vat. The vat broke and water flowed out. The boy was finally saved. I think Sima Guang was very smart and kind through this incident, and from this story, we should learn that when we are in danger, we must calm down and find a solution. 【详解】[总体分析] ① 题材：本文是一篇记叙文，为材料作文； ② 时态：时态为“一般过去时”； ③ 提示：写作要点已给出，考生注意不要遗漏，并注意适当添加细节，突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，对“司马光砸缸”的故事进行概括； 第二步，表达自己对司马光的看法； 第三步，总结对这则故事的感悟。 [亮点词汇] ① have great fun 玩得开心 ② by accident 意外地，偶然 ③ ask for help 请求帮助 [高分句型] ① The boy was finally saved.（一般过去时的被动语态） ② We should learn that when we are in danger, we must calm down and find a solution.（that引导的宾语从句） 14 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 13 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$