第三部分 专题一 阅读理解-【走好高中第1步】2024年初高中教材衔接英语

英语 , 初高中教材衔挖 第三部分 DISANBUFEN ## 高中题型 专题一 阅读理解 ■初中知识再现 五、树立信心,克服畏惧心理 大部分考生对阅读理解题感到头痛,做题时总 阅读理解试题,有以下几个特点 会产生畏惧的心理。所以在平时一定要扩大词汇 1.就题材而言,阅读理解短文内容广泛,有哲 和词组的积累,加大阅读量的训练,提高阅读速度, 理故事、科普环保、广告新闻、常识介绍等。这些短 树立信心,从而克服畏惧的心理。 文都贴近考生的生活,具有较强的时代性、思想性 六、四大题型及对策 和教育性。 (一)细节理解题 2.从考查的具体内容来看,有细节理解题、推 细节理解题一般包括直接理解题(在原文中可 理判断题、简单计算题、词义猜测题、归纳概括题以 直接找到答案,常用who,what,when,where,why 及主旨大意题等。 和how等提问)、语义转化题(需要将题目信息与 阅读理解解题技巧 原文相关信息进行语义上的转换,两者存在表达上 阅读理解是考试必考题型,也是提分的关键题 的差异,有时需要进行加工或整理后方能得出结 型,因此我们要掌掘一定的技巧才能取得更好的 论)、数字计算题、排列顺序题等。 成绩。 细节题的正确选项通常有以下特征 一、通读全文,掌握大意 1.再现原文; 一般来说,当我们看到阅读题的时候,一定要 2.对原文进行改写; 先粗略看一下,大体明白文章大意。争取用很少的 3.对原文中的复杂语言现象进行简化 时间,运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读,搜寻 4.正话反说、无中生有(适用于三正一误的是 关键词、主题句,捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点, 非题)。 并且理清文章脉络,把握语篇实质。 细节题的干扰项特点: 二、明确问题,高效阅读 1.文不对题。这类题最不容易辨别,选项中的措 对于看不懂的文章,最好先看题干以及各个选 述与原文完全一致,确属原文中的一个细节,这时要 项所包含的信息,然后带着这些问题去原文中找到 回到题干,看该选项是否能回答题干所提的问题; 相关的考点,从而可以高效率地阅读文章,获取有 2.偷换概念。符合常识,但不是文章的内容; 效信息,找出正确的答案。 3.无中生有。即选项内容是根据主观想象或 三、加强训练,积累提升 推测得出的结论,而文中并未涉及; 平时要加大阅读量的训练,多接触各种体裁的 4.正误并存。信息部分正确,部分错误。 阅读资料,特别要注意社会热点以及近期发生的重 (二)推理判断题 大新闻等,这样经过强化训练和日常的积累必将达 题干中常含有以下词语:infer/imply/suggest/ 到阅读能力的飞跃提升。 indicate /conclude/learn from,此类试题难度较 四、注意阅读速度的提高 大,但请记住一句做题基本原则“推理主题和细 一般来说,考试时间是有限的,这就要求考生 节”。意思是说推理题不是根据文章主题推理就是 尽量用最短的时间完成阅读理解题,以便留出足够 根据文章细节推理。一般来说,在一篇文章后的3 的时间仔细检查和甄别答案,因此在平时一定要注 或4道试题中,若该推理题出现在第一道和第四 意阅读速度的训练。在做题之前,先给自已规定好 道,应该联系文章主题进行推理,也就是说要找到 时间,在规定的时间内完成任务。只有这样,才能 文章的主题句然后进行同义改写即可得到正确答 逐渐提高阅读速度。 案;若是该推理题出现在四道题的中间部分则是根 第三部分 高中题型 据文章细节进行推理,按照细节题基本的细节定位 When the big day came, Jack was ready. But 原则也可以较快的解决问题 he didn't want to put his gift together with (三)主旨大意题 others'. He carried it around with him the whole 题干中常含有以下词语:mainidea/mainly/ evening. mainly discuss/mainly concerned/central/primary。 When all the other people left, he took his 主旨大意题最关键的就是把握主题句和主题词。 grandpa's hand and brought him over to a chair 主题词通常在文章中出现频率较高,往往会在第一 and gave him the gift. His grandpa smiled,"Well. 段出现,且带有概括性。有的类型的文章没有明显 it must be a beautiful gift. May I open it now?" 的主题句,但可以通过找主题词的方法解决此类试 “Sure!"Jack said excitedly. 题,主题词就是文中出现频率最高的一个单词,一 As his grandpa opened the gift, tears came 般情况下为名词,记住一句话:主旨大意题的正确 into his eyes. Jack gave him the greatest gift he had 选项一定包含主题词!这样一来就很快可以排除 ever got! They were business cards with his new 若干干扰选项而一眼看出正确选项所在了。也可 position FULL-TIME GRANDPA! Jack said, 以运用逆向思维法、快速作文法:在两个选项看上 “Now your full-time(全职的) job is my grandpa!" 去都十分正确无法选择时,试着从选项出发,想象 “Well,how much do I get paid?"his grandpa 一下如果自己以此选项来写文章会有哪些内容,然 asked, smiling.“As many hugs(拥抱) as you 后把它与文章的内容比较,接近的即为正确选项。 want!" With these words,Jack gave his grandpa a 归纳主题容易出现以下三种错误: hug."Well, I guess that means I'm the richest man 1.以偏概全。即只抓住了主题的一个侧面就 in the world!" said his grandpa 误以为是主题; 1. Who was going to retire? A. Jack's grandma. 2.过于笼统。即归纳的主题太泛,与细节脱节 B. Jack's grandpa. 或是没有对细节加以充分论证; C. Jack's mother. D. Jack's father. 3.把观点强加给作者。读者往往根据自己的 2. The underlined words "business card" in 常识对文章进行判断而忽视了作者的见解。 Paragraph 3 probably mean A.明信片 (四)词句猜测题 B.纸牌 C.名片 词义猜测题的难度深浅不一,但究其根源,无 D.信用卡 非两种基本解题方法:联系上下文和构词法。联系 3. What did Jack decide to do for his grandpa? 上下文就是看相邻的两句话或者是一句话内部主 A. To build a new position for him on the card. 句和从句之间的关系,是同义延伸还是反义驳斥, B. To draw a picture for him. 找到句子之间的关系后再找相应位置单词(或句 C. To sing a song to him. 子)的同义词或反义词就易如反掌了。构词法则是 D. To buy a gift for him. 根据一个较难单词的词根、前后缀或是词组的后接 4. Why were there tears in his grandpa's eyes? 介、副词分析出该单词或词组的大概含义,然后对 A. Because he would lose his position. 照四个选项找出最接近的一个答案。 B. Because he was not loved. ■过渡练习 C. Because he was moved by Jack's gift. D. Because he was unhappy. Passage 1 Passage 2 One day, Jack's parents told him that his grandpa Elizabeth Blackwell was born in England in would retire(退休) after working for forty years. Jack 1821, and moved to New York City when she was said in surprise,"I'm only seven, so it means grandpa ten years old. One day she decided that she wanted has been.. er... a really long time!" to become a doctor. That was nearly impossible for His parents said,"Yes. That's why we are a woman in the middle of the nineteenth century. going to have a surprise party for him." After writing many letters asking for admission to Jack loved his grandpa and wanted to do medical schools, she was finally accepted by a something special for him. He remembered the doctor in Philadelphia. She was so determined that business card his grandpa had given him two years she taught school and gave music lessons to get before. He knew that his grandpa would no longer money for the cost of schooling. have the position(职位)on that card,so he In 1849, after graduation from medical decided to build a new one for his grandpa. school, she decided to further her education in 英语 初高中教材衔接 Paris, She wanted to be a surgeon, but a serious “But I'm on call. I might have to jump up and eye problem forced her to give up the idea. run out of class." Upon returning to the United States, she “Then mavbe this isn't the best place for you found it difficult to start her own practice because to be tonight.” she was a woman. By 1857 Elizabeth and her That response got me an angry and unfriendly sister, also a doctor, along with another woman look. But when she came back the next week, there was doctor, managed to open a new hospital, the first no phone and she was much more present. for women and children. Besides being the first Present is what I'm asking my students to be. woman physician and founding her own hospital. Present to themselves and their yoga experience. she also set up the first medical school for women. You cannot be present to yoga if you are texting or 1. Why was it difficult for Elizabeth to become a emailing or anxiously awaiting a call. And neither doctor? can anyone around you. Definitely, if one phone is A. Because she wrote too many letters. out, many pairs of eyes are drawn to it. And then B. Because she couldn't set up her hospital. other phones start to appear. Forget the fact that C. Because she couldn't graduate from medical you're missing the class you paid for; you're at school. risk of losing your balance and hurting yourself or D. Because seldom women worked as doctors at the someone else due to inattention, or disturbing tirme. someone else's moment of peace and stillness with 2. What prevented Elizabeth Blackwell's dream of the clicking of your keys becoming a surgeon? So please, do yourself and everyone around A. It was difficult for her to start a practice. you, this teacher included, a favor and turn your B. There was a serious eye problem with her. phone off and put it away before you unroll your C. She couldn't get admitted to medical school. yoga mat. If you truly are on call, think hard D. She decided to further her education in Paris. before you come to class. 3. Which of the following is the right order? Be present for yourself, wherever you need to be. a. She founded her own hospital. 1. How does the author introduce her topic? b. She went to Paris to further her education A. By giving examples. c. She got her admission to a medical school. B. By making comparison. d. She taught school to pay for her cost of C. By presenting the process. learning doctor. D. By analyzing cause and effect. A.b-c-d-a. B.c-a-b-d. 2. Why was the young woman angry with the C.c-d-b-a. D.b-d-c-a. author? 4. According to the passage, all of the following A. Because she thought she was reasonable. are "firsts" in the life of Elizabeth Blackwell, B. Because she was brave enough to say no. except that she C. Because she didn't like the yoga class at all A. was the first woman doctor D. Because the author was rude to her. B. became the first woman physician 3. Which is Not the probable result of using C. set up the first medical school for women phones in yoga class? D. and several other women founded the first A. Hurting yourself. hospital for women and children B. Missing the class. Passage 3 C. Disturbing others. When I teach yoga(瑜),I usually D. Getting others' admiration. announce "Phones off and at the back of the room" 4. What's the author's purpose of writing this passage? at the beginning of class. Recently, I forgot and A. To describe the situation of her yoga class. had to whisper to a student texting during class to B. To explain her relationship with students. turn off her phone. She looked displeased but did C. To show her opinion about using mobile so. But two days later, in another class, I was met phones. with resistance from a young woman who D. To stress the importance of being attentive in completely refused. yoga class. 第三部分 高中题型 ■高中知识对接 自主训练 高中阅读理解部分要求考生读懂书、报、杂志、网 Passage 1 络中关于一般性话题的短文以及公告、说明、广告(生 YOU ARE WANTED 词量不超过3%)等,并能从中获取相关信息。 Brunetti Cafe 我们应做到: We're looking for breakfast and lunchtime waiters (1)理解主旨和要义: and waitresses to work in our cafe on Sundays. (2)理解文中具体信息; Call Bella on 612398745(8 a. m.-4 p.m.) (3)根据上下文推断生词的词义; Babysitter needed (4)做出判断和推理; We need a babysitter to look after our boys (5)理解文章的基本结构; aged 5 and 7 after school from4 p. m. -6 p. m. (6)理解作者的意图、观点和态度。 Monday to Friday. 一、测试特点 f40/week. 既考查阅读速度,又考查多种语言运用能力 Call Mary on 678345211 要求我们在限定的时间内阅读文章,领悟文章意 Holiday job 图,捕捉文中信息并找出题目答案。题目设置易、 Do you want to earn some extra money this 中、难题,以中等难度试题居多。阅读理解不仅检 summer? Do you speak another language? We need 测我们理解,概括、推理等逻辑思维的精确性、深刻 French, Spanish or German speakers to work for us in 性和敏捷性,而且检验我们的心理素质。 the City Museum shop from Tuesday to Friday. 二、策略指导 Send your CV to citymuseum job. lkj (一)阅读理解解题四步法 Newspaper round 第一步:扫描题干,划关键定位词,区分题型和 We need young people to deliver newspapers 预测文章主要内容。 on Monday and Friday mornings before school. 第二步:通读全文,抓住中心。 The paper round takes 30 minutes in the village of 1.通读全文,抓两个重点 Brook. Papers must be delivered before 8 a. m. and (1)段中心句,核心概念常在第一段,常在首段 you must have your own bike. 出题。 Send your CV to postoffice brook. com (2)其他各段的段首和段尾句。其他部分略 1. How much will you be paid if you look after 读,有重点地读。 Mary's children for two weeks ? A.f40 B.f50 C.f70 2.抓住中心,用一分半时间思考3个问题 D.f80 (1)文章叙述的主要内容是什么? 2. If you want to work in the City Museum shop. (2)文章中有无提到核心概念? you must (3)作者的大致态度是什么? A. have your own bike 第三步:仔细审题,返回原文。 B. be interested in museums 仔细看题干,把每道题和原文的某处建立联 C. speak another language 系,挂起钩。 D. be at work before 8:0o a. m. 第四步:重叠选项,选出答案。 3. If you want to work before going to school in the 1.通过题干返回原文:判断四个选项,抓住选 morning. you can 项中的关键词,把选项定位到原文的某处比较,重 A. call Mary on 678345211 叠选项,选出答案。 B. call Bella on 612398745 2.做题练习要求:要有选一个答案的理由和其 C. send your CV to postoffice brook. com 余三个不选的理由。 D. send your CV to citymuseum ②job. lkj (二)定位原则 Passage 2 (1)通常是由题于出发,使用寻找关键词定位 Two years ago I was very lonely and didn't 原则。(关键词:大写字母、地名、时间、数字等) talk with anyone about my feelings. At the time I (2)自然段定位原则,出题的顺序与行文的顺 didn't have many friends. I wanted someone to 序是基本一致的,一般每段对应一题。 share my experiences and secrets with. I wanted 要树立定位意识,每一题、每一选项都要回到 someone to understand me. I started to imagine 原文中某一处定位。 this friend. Often I imagine our conversations and 英语 初高中教材衔接 what we would do, but I didn't give my Passage 3 imagination a face. If you've ever travelled with other people, the Some weeks later I started a new project in school chances are you've had to make compromises. and I was working with one of my schoolmates. We had When you want to get up early to watch the never worked together before but we got along well. sunrise, for example, your friends may argue that After the project we started to spend some time together getting enough sleep is more important. And when in school. One day we decided to take a walk. Ever since you want to try the different food, your friends that walk we've been friends, We listened and really might say it looks strange and push you to a understood each other. Chinese restaurant instead. I had wished for a best friend, but the This is probably why more people these days universe gave me so much more. I have met one of are choosing to travel alone. According to reports my soul mates(挚友). We can sense each other. on holiday habits from the Association of British and it just takes one look and we know what the Travel Agents, the percentage of people in the UK other is thinking. I didn't think our friendship who take trips alone has been increasing, from 6 could grow much stronger. But now we have percent in 2011, to 12 percent in 2017, and to 15 known each other for two years and our friendship percent in 20o18. Most of these people said they is growing all the time. choose to travel alone because this allows them to It hasn't only been easy. We have gone “do what they want". through both easy and hard times. But I'm grateful In fact, travelling alone is only a part of a for the hard times, because they have forced me to recent trend(趋势) of people wanting to take more grow and taught me a lot. My best friend has time alone-or what's called"me time"."Imagine changed me. She has made me believe in myself. yourself as a full pot of water and everything else And I am now focusing on achieving one of my that asks for your attention is an empty glass. biggest dreams. Without her, I wouldn't even have When you provide what is needed for them you are realized what my biggest dream is. using up your own water supply," editor Nicole I know there are soul mates out in the world Lyons wrote for the mental health social network for you. I am so thankful to have met one of mine. Psych Central. "But how are you refilling your Believe in them, and your paths will cross. pot? This is where your 'me time' comes in." 1. What did the author do before meeting her soul However, it's still quite a common belief that mate? those who do things alone are losers and they're A. She chose to stay alone. alone simply because they don't have anybody to B. She spent time with other friends. be with. But why can't people just be enough for C. She told others about her feelings. themselves? D. She pictured a friend in her mind. The now Duchess of Sussex "Rachel Meghan 2. How did the author get to know her soul mate? Markle" once wrote on her blog in 2ol6 about how A. By taking a walk. she enjoyed taking herself out to dinner and B. By attending a party. travelling alone."It's not easy. But it's important" C. Through a school project. she wrote. You should face everything and D. Through a friend's introduction. encourage yourself to move forward when the 3. What do we know about the author and her soul feeling of loneliness and boredom sweeps through mate? your body and mind, according to Markle. A. Their friendship is still developing 1. What does the underlined phrase "make B. She is the author's only soul mate. compromises"mean? C. They are trying hard to realize their dreams. A. Turn up. B. Work hard C. Give in. D. She has little confidence in their friendship. D. Take care. 4. Why is the author thankful for the hard times? 2. Why do some people choose to travel alone? A. She went through them easily. A. To save more money. B. She has learned a lot from them. B. To enjoy their freedom. C. They have made her suffer C. To calm themselves down. D. They have made her dream come true. D. To avoid troubling someone. 第三部分 高中题型 3. Why are Markle's words mentioned in the last 1. Why does the plane have wider wings? paragraph? A. It can fly faster and land safely. A. To show the way of challenging yourself B. It can get the sun's energy easily. B. To tell the importance of travelling alone. C. It may look like a Boeing 747. C. To prove the necessity of the sense of D. It will make the plane appear larger. loneliness. 2. What does the underlined word"alter" in Para 2 D. To introduce the advantage of travelling. probably mean? A. Improve. 4. What is the best title of the text? B. Change. C. Rebuild. A. Me time: enjoy yourself alone D. Destroy. B. A new way of travelling abroac 3. What do we know about the trip made in the C. Travelling alone: a better way to relax plane? D. A standard of finding a partner in trips A. It will take five to six days and nights. Passage 4 B. It is a non-stop flight around the world A Swiss airplane powered only by energy C. It is broadcast live on the Internet. D. It doesn't include North America. from the sun left from Abu Dhabi early on March 4. What does the text mainly talk about? 9. Its creators hope the plane will make the first A. A solar-powered plane will travel the globe around-the-world journey without any fuel. The B. A good way to save energy has been found. plane is called Solar Im pulse 2. It has one seat and C. A newly-built plane consumes no energy. is made from carbon fiber. The plane weighs only D. Solar energy waits to be fully explored. as much as a car but its wings are wider than a Passage 5 Boeing 747. The plane's wings stretch 72 meters Michele Gentile, an Italian bookseller, is across. Those wings include 17,ooo solar units, or offering free books to children in exchange for cells, which capture the sun's energy. The energy plastic bottles to recyele. allows the plane to fly day and night. Michele owns Ex Libris Cafe in Polla,a small Two Swiss scientists built the plane. Bertrand town in southern Italy. He said he thought of the Piccard is also an explorer who made the first non recycling program, because he wanted to inspire stop flight around the world in a balloon. Andre children in the small town to read and pay Borschberg is an engineer and trained fighter pilot. attention to the environment. The scientists say they are not trying to alter the “My goal is to spread the passion and love for airplane industry. Instead, they want to show that books among those people in Italy who do not usually read while at the time helping new energy sources and technologies can achieve 过the what some say is impossible."We want to show we environment," Gentile explained. can fly day and night in an aircraft without a drop The idea for the initiative (倡议) came after of fuel."Mr. Piccard said. Gentile collaborated with a nearby middle school on an aluminum recycling project. Working Some parts of the trip will require the pilots to be in the tiny plane for five to six days and together, the schoolchildren and Gentile collected enough cans to purchase books for an entire nights in a row. So it is good that the pilot's seat is classroom. His new program too off from there and also a toilet. has already spread into northern Italy: Gentile's The plane's route begins in the United Arab hopes his work will continue to make headlines and Emirates. The pilots also plan stops in Oman. become a worldwide initiative. India, and China. They will cross the Pacific The free books come from customers in Ocean, stop in the United States, and continue Gentile's shop who have donated money to over southern Europe or North Africa. They plan purchase a "suspended" book. The idea comes to arrive back in the United Arab Emirates in late from a World War Il practice in which customers July or early August. would buy two Coffees: one for themselves and Internet viewers can go to the Solar Impulse another for the next person in line. Gentile has website to see the plane's location and listen to been using the extra books as part of his recycling broadcasts from the pilots. initiative. 英语 初高中教材衔接 While Gentile's program is a great way to today is developing fast and people are on the go at recycle and get kids to read, it also brings all times. It is much easier to stop and get fast awareness to the growing problem of plastic food. As a result, humans become fatter. waste. Single-use plastics make up around 26 However, eating low-fat meals that include 5 to percent of all the plastics in the world, only 14 serving of fruits and vegetables every day is an percent of which are recycled. Plastics that end up ideal healthy life plan. Therefore. good eating in landfills take around 5oo years to decompose habits are the main way of living a healthy (分解),is a major concern for environmentalists. lifestyle. Cutting down on plastic waste is important if Secondly, another way of living a healthy we want to better the environment for future lifestyle is physical activity. Exercise is indeed generations, and recycling programs like Gentile's part of life because it keeps the body and mind in book giveaway are a great way to meet that goal. good shape. Exercise reduces stress and 1. What is the purpose of Gentile's book giveaway? contributes to(有助于)a good sleep. It can keep a A. To sell more coffee and books. person looking and feeling younger throughout his B. To attract more customers. entire life, and it also helps build one's energy and C. To collect money for a new project. strength. So, physical activity is another way of D. To inspire reading and recycling. living a healthy lifestyle. 2. How did Gentile come up with the idea? Finally, another way is anti-alcoholism. A. Working with a school to recycle cans. Addiction to alcohol may cause serious social and B. Seeing school kids don't like reading. public problems. It is accepted that driving after C. Donating books for a local school drinking is dangerous. Alcohol is a main factor of D. Buying a"suspended" book for a child. traffic deaths. Alcoholism can also lead to 3. Who pay for the books of the projeet? diseases, such as heart attack or liver trouble. A. The local government. B. Gentile himself. Thus, anti-alcoholism is another way for a healthy C. Some publishers. D. His customers. lifestyle. 4. Which of the following is the best title for the In conclusion, a healthy lifestyle can be text? maintained in three ways: the first way is good A. An Italian's Reading Initiative eating habits, the second way is regular physical B. Recycling Can Get Kids Free Books activity and the final way is anti-alcoholism. C. Michele's Way of Doing Business 1. When it comes to living a healthy lifestyle. D. A New Way to Deal with Plastic Waste which of the following is not mentioned in the Passage 6 passage? Living a healthy lifestyle contains making A. Good eating habits. choices about the foods we eat as well as exercise B. Anti-alcoholism. and other daily activities. The term "healthy C. Physical activity. lifestyle" can be defined as"to improve and protect D. Losing weight. one's health and well-being". For this purpose, a 2. What does the underlined phrase "on the go" healthy lifestyle can include good eating habits. mean? A.Busy. regular physical activity and anti-alcoholism(抗酒 B. Boring. C.Hard. 精中毒). D. Happy. First of all, good eating habits are the main 3. According to the text, how can we feel younger way of living a healthy lifestyle. For instance. throughout our life? rushed morning routines, trying to lose weight. A. By avoiding fast food and lack of appetite(食欲) early in the morning B. By being happy every day. are all reasons why people skip breakfast (不吃早 C. By taking regular exercise. 餐). However, most experts think that breakfast D. By wearing some special clothes. is the most important meal of the day. Another 4. In what column are you most likely to find this example is fast food; a hamburger from text? A.Life. McDonald's with special sauce and cheese is not B. Sports. exactly considered as a healthy meal. Our society C. Economy. D. Advertisement. 第三部分 高中题型[ Passage 7 4. The underlined words"my new friend" in the Last week my youngest son and I visited my last paragraph refer to father at his new home in Tucson Arizona. He A. the cafe owner moved there a few years ago, and I was eager to B. the author's son see his new place and meet his friends. C. the author's father My earliest memories of my father are a tall. D. the friend of the author's father handsome, successful man devoted to his work and Passage 8 his family, but uncomfortable with his children. Many people have difficulty in getting up in As a child I loved him. He seemed unhappy with the morning. This might be called laziness, but me unless got straight A's and unhappy with my Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved boyfriends if their fathers were not as"successful" that everyone has a daily energy cycle. as he was. Whenever I went out with him on During the hours when you work, you may weekends, I used to struggle to think up things to say that you're"hot", That's true. The time of day say, feeling on guard. when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of On the first day of my visit, we went out with body temperature is at its peak(顶峰). For some one of my father's friends for lunch at an outdoor people the peak comes during the morning. For cafe. We talked along that afternoon, did some others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one shopping, ate on the street table,and laughed over has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such my son's funny facial expressions. Gone was my familiar words as: "Get up, John! You'll be late father's critical(挑别的) air and strict rules. Who for work again!" The possible explanation for the was this person I knew as my father, who seemed trouble is that John is at his temperature-and energy peak in the evening. Much family so friendly and interesting to be around? What had held him back before? quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle The next day dad pulled out his childhood each member of the family has. pictures and told me quite a few stories about his You can't change your energy cycle, but you can own childhood. Although our times together became learn to make your life fit it better, Habit can help, Dr. easier over the years, I never felt closer to him at Kleitman believes. Maybe you're sleepy in the evening that moment. After so many years, I'm at last but feel you must stay up late anyway. If so, staying up seeing another side of my father. And in so doing later than you want to may counteract your cycle in I'm delighted with my new friend. My dad, in his some way. If our energy is low in the morning but you new home in Arizona, is back to me from where have an important job to do early in the day, rise before he was. your usual hour. This won't change your cycle, but 1. Why did the author feel bitter about her father you'll get up steam and work better at your low point. as a young adult? Get off to a slow start which saves your A. He did not love his children. energy, Get up with a comfortable yawn and B. He expected too much of her. stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed for a minute C. He was too proud of himself. before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the D. He was silent most of the time. troublesome search for clean clothes by laying 2. When the author went out with her father on them out the night before. weekend, she would feel 1. Dr. Kleitman explains that a person is difficult to get A. nervous B. sorry C. tired D. safe up in the morning probably because of 3. What does the author think of her father after A. his own laziness B. his own energy cycle her visit to Tucson? C. his own habit D. his bad rest at night A. More critical. 2. According to the passage, people's energy peak B. More talkative. may come C. Gentle and friendly A. in the morning B. in the evening D. Strict and hard-working. C. in the afternoon D. at different hours 英语 初高中教材衔接 3. What does the underlined word "it" in the third 1. Why do people say they are sorry when they paragraph refer to? express rejection? A. The life. B. The good habit A. Because they think it is more polite. C. The energy cycle. D. The change. B. Because they think it helps them express their 4. If the finding is true, it's best to dislike better. A. do your work at the energy peak C. Because they think apologies are the basis of B. manage to control your temper communication. C. work at the bottom of energy cycle D. Because they think it sounds more D. manage to keep you clean all day comfortable for the listener. Passage 9 2. In Gili Freedman's research, over 1, ooo people Did you ever have to say"no" to somebody? Such as a classmate who asks to go to lunch with you? New A. rejected others without an apology research suggests that, at least socially, a rejection(拒 B. offered an apology when rejecting others 绝) should not include an apology. In other words. C. would be more hurt by a rejection with saying you are sorry does not make the person being an apology rejected feel any better. ln fact, it might make the D. were asked to answer the question in rejected person feel worse. That is surprising. Many different situations people consider it to be good manners to say they are 3. What role does an apology play in rejection? sorry when they turn down a request. A. It makes the rejection more acceptable. Gili Freedman is doing some related research at B. It makes a good impression on the listener. Dartmouth College. For her research, she asked over C. It makes the communication more pleasant. 1,000 people to respond to different examples of social D. It makes the person doing the rejecting feel rejection. In one example, the researchers asked people better. for their reaction(反应)after a person named Taylor asked to join a co- worker who went out to lunch every 4. What will be mentioned next according to the Friday, And Taylor was told"no”. But in some cases. last paragraph? the person rejecting Taylor offered an apology. In other A. The effect of an apology during a rejection. B. Gili Freedman's research on business cases, the people doing the rejection did not say they situations. were sorry. People were asked how they would feel if they were being turned down, just as Taylor was. Most C. A rejection with an apology in a business situation. said they would be more hurt by a rejection with an apology than a rejection without an apology. D. The difference between a social situation and Freedman said the reason is that apologies a business one. make people feel like they need to say that the Passage 10 rejection was okay even when they felt like it Do you want to be cleverer and get more was not okay. Rejection without an apology lets knowledge? Five ways can make you cleverer. them express their feelings of disappointment. △Don't Watch TV Too Much hurt or anger more easily. Freedman also said that If you're too tired, listen to some an apology often makes the person doing the music. When you're with your friends or family. rejection feel better-even as it makes the person leave the TV off and have a conversation. All of being rejected feel worse. these things make your mind run better than Her research deals only with social television does and also allow you to relax. communication. A business situation might be very 2 different. "If a manager rejects a job interviewee or Taking exercise always leads to greater a boss must tell an employee that he or she is being learning, Use your body to clear your head and fired from a job," Freedman said,"reactions to create more energy. Afterwards, you will feel more apologies may be different." energetic and can concentrate(专注)more easily. 第三部分 高中题型 △ReadChallenging(有挑战性的)Books A. Time management. If you want to improve your thinking and B. Organizational skills. writing ability, you should read books that make C. Finish assignments in time. you concentrate. 3 D. If not, there's time to develop them. △Early to Bed, Early to Rise E. What you do with them makes all the difference. You'll be most refreshed if you go to bed early F. Also it should be in a form that's most helpful and don't sleep more than 8 hours. 4 Waking to you. G. Review your notes each day to improve your up early makes you active all day. learning. △Take Time to Reflect (反省) Passage 12 Spending time alone on reflecting gives you a After entering high school, you must wonder how chance to organize your thoughts. Afterwards. to study well. Here are some good skills for you. you'll have a better understanding of what's Go to class. If you want to do well at school. important and what isn't. 5 going to class is the first step in studying well. If A. Reading a classic novel will make you think more you miss classes, you will miss what the teacher clearly. thinks is important. As a result, you'll miss what B. Try to Learn. is the most likely to end up on the test. 1. C. Watching a lot of TV does no good to your Take good notes. Try not to write down mind. everything. 2 . Write down unfamiliar terms. D. Then the unimportant things won't trouble you After class, review your notes as soon as possible. anymore. You can fill in details that you missed and review E. Take Exercise. the material while it is still fresh on your mind. F. The more you sleep, the better it is. 3 . If you are struggling in class, talk to G. The early morning hours are most peaceful and your teacher, He or she may be able to give you more help before or after class. Most teachers have productive. Passage 11 little sympathy(同 情)for students who just become worried about failing during the last few Whether you're a freshman or a senior, weeks of the grading period. developing the following important skills will help Take part in class discussions. 4 . Asking you achieve success in school and in life questions and having eye contact with your 1 There are just 24 hours in each day. teachers and classmates can increase your 2 While high-school students average 35 hours participation(参与)and your focus during the class per week of class time, college students have an discussion. If the material is difficult, you'd better average of 15 to 18 hours per week, Deal with your read it before class, This helps you make your time wisely and you'll make full use of each day. point clear in class. · Good study habits. If you've got them, Form study group. Get students together who great. 3 Good study habits include the want to do well in class. Make sure that everyone following: Always be prepared for classes and is familiar with the material because you do not attentive in classes. 4 Go over your notes daily want to spend time re-teaching material to people who do not understand it. 5 . Sometimes group rather than study for tests the night before. Set aside quiet time each day for study - even if you sessions( 上课时间)can become chatting sessions. don't have homework or a test the next day! A. But be careful! B. Don't be late for your class. · Good note-taking. You can't possibly write C. Talk to your teacher if you need help. down everything the teacher says since we talk at a D. You should write down all the new terms. rate of about 225 words per minute. But you do E. So if you want to study well, go to every class. need to write down the important material. 5 F. All you need is to put down the main points in Try writing notes on different colored cards. If you your own words. really have a problem with note-taking, you might G. In order to learn more in class, it is helpful to ask your teacher if you can record daily lessons. take part in class discussions.英语 2 初高中教材衔接 第三部分 高中题型 Passage 3 【语篇解读】 专题一。 阅读理解 这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。主要通过一位 过渡练习 女性拒绝瑜加课关闭手机的事情介绍话题present,强调 Passage 1 了瑜椒课上专心的重要性,不受手机影响,抓住正在发生 本文为一篇记叙文,讲述了]ack在爷爷退休 【语篇解读】 的当前。 派对上给他送了一个特别的礼物的故事。 1.A 推理判断题。由文中第一段“WhenIteachyoga(瑜 1.B 细节理解题,根据文章第一段关键句“Oneday,Jacks 御), I usually announce "Phones off and at the back of parents told him that his grandpa would retire after working the room" at the beginning of class. Recently, I forgot for fortyyears.”(一天,杰克的父母告诉他,爷爷工作了四 and had to whisper to a student texting during class to 十年后要退休了。)可知,Jack的爷爷要退休了。故选 turnoff her phone...”(当我教瑜仰时,我通常会在上课 B项。 开始时宣布“在教室后部放下电话”,最近,我忘记了,不 2.C 词义猜测题。根据第三段“Heknew that his grandpa 得不在上课时向学生发短信以关闭手机。她看上去很不 would no longer have the position(率位) on that card(他 高兴,但确实如此。但是两天后,在另一堂课上,我遭到 知道他的爷爷将不再有那张卡上的职位了)”可知,这张 了一位完全拒绝的年轻女子的抵制。)可知,作者开篇通 卡片上有他爷爷的职位,因为前文说爷爷退休了,因此 过一件具体的事件来讲述present话题,即举例子。故选 “business card”是他爷爷的名片。故选C项。 A项。 3.A 细节理解题。根据文章第三段关键句“Heknewtha 2.A 细节理解题。文章第一至四段“Iwasmetwith his grandpa would no longer have the position on tha resistance... That response got me an angry and card, so he decided to build a new one for his grandpa." unfriendlylook.”(我遭到了一位完全拒绝的年轻女子的 (他知道他的爷爷将不再有那张卡上的职位了,所以他决 抵制。“我在打电话,而且我必须跳起来跑出教室了。那 定为他的爷爷做一张新的。)可知,Jack决定为爷爷在卡 这可能不是你今晚要呆的地方。那样的反应使我生气又 片上建立一个新职位。故选A项。 不友好。)可知,作者强调在瑜课上关闭手机被这位女 4.C 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段关键句“Ashis 性拒绝,她回答自己在打电话。可推知这位女性认为自 grandpa opened the gift, tears came into his eyes. Jack 己的行为没有什么不对的。即她认为自己的做法是合理 gave him the greatest gift he had ever got!"(当他爷爷打 的。故选A项。 开礼物时,泪水盈眶。杰克给了他有史以来最好的礼 3. D 细节理解题。文章第五段“Definitely,if one phone is 物!)及最后一段关键句Jack说的话“Asmanyhugsas out. many pairs of eyes are drawn to it... disturbing youwant!”(你想要多少拥抱就有多少拥抱!)及最后爷爷 someone else's moment of peace and stillness with the 说的话"Well, I guess that means I'm the richest man in elickingofyourkeys.”(如果一部手机出现,就会吸引很 theworld!”(好吧,我想这意味着我是世界上最富有的 多双眼睛。然后其他电话开始出现。忘记这个事实你错 人!)可知,爷爷被Jack送的礼物感动到了,因此流出了泪 过了付费课程。您可能会因为注意力不集中而失去平衡 水。故选C项。 并伤害自己或其他人,或者通过单击键来打扰其他人的 Passage 2 安宁与宁静时刻。)可知,D项“得到别人的赞赏”不是在 【语篇解读】 本文为记叙文。文章讲述了Elizabeth 瑜仰课上使用手机可能出现的结果。故选D项。 Blacekwell传奇的一生,特别是她立志当一名医生,并创办 4.D 推理判断题。文章开篇由一个具体的例子讲述瑜仰 了第一家妇女儿童医院的事迹。 课不允许使用手机引出话题,第五段“Present iswhat 1.D 细节理解题。根据第一段中“That wasnearly I'm asking my students to be. Present to themselves and impossible for a woman in the middle of the nineteenth their yogaexperience.”(现在是我要我的学生做的。展示 century.(对于19世纪中期的女性来说,这几乎是不可能 他们自己和他们的瑜体验。)具体阐释了什么是present 的)”可知,性别是她难以成为医生的主要原因。故选D。 以及为什么要关闲手机。第六段“doyourselfand 2.B 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Shewanted tobea everyone around you. this teacher included. a favor and surgeon, but a serious eye problem forced her to give up turn your phone off and put it away before you unroll theidea.(她想成为一名外科医生,但严重的视力问题迫 your yogamat.”(请您和您周围的所有人(包括这位老师 使她放弃了这个想法)”可知,严重的眼部疾病是她不能 在内)帮个忙,在您打开瑜垫之前,请关闭手机并放 实现梦想的主要原因。故选B。 好。)可知是在强调瑜课关闲手机。所以目的是强调在 3.C 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Afterwritingmany 瑜做课上专心,不受手机的影响。故选D项。 letters asking for admission to medical schools, she was 自主训练 finally accepted by a doctor in Philadelphia.(在写了很多 Passage 1 封信申请进入医学院后,她终于被费城的一名医生录取 【语篇解读】 1本文是一篇应用文,文章介绍了四个不同时 了)”可知,C“她被一所医学院录取了”排第一,故排除A、D 间段的兼职。 选项;根据第一段中“She was so determined that she taught 1.D 细节理解题。根据Babysitter needed下的“f40 school and gave music lessons to get money for the cost of week.(f40/周。)”可知,如果你照看玛丽的孩子两个星 schooling.(她是如此的坚定,她在学校教书和开设音乐课,以 期,你会得到f80。故选D。 获得上学的钱)”可知,d“她在学校教书是为了支付她学习医 2.C 细节理解题,根据Holiday job下的“Do you speak 生的费用”排第二,故排除B选项。故选C。 another language? We need French, Spanish or German 4.A 推理判断题,最后一段中“By 1857Elizabeth and her speakers to work for us in the City Museum shop from sister, also a doctor, along with another woman doctor. TuesdaytoFriday.(你会说另一种语言吗?我们需要会 managed to open a new hospital, the first for women and 说法语、西班牙语或德语的人从周二到周五在城市博物 children.(到1857年,伊丽莎白和她同样是医生的姐姐,以 馆商店为我们工作。)”可知,如果你想在城市博物馆商店 及另一名女医生,设法开办了一家新医院,这是第一家为妇 工作,你必须会另一种语言。故选C。 女和儿童开设的医院)”可知,在她之前,她姐姐和另一位女 3.C 细节理解题。根据Newspaper round下的“We need 人已经是医生了,所以她不是第一位女医生。故选A。 young people to deliver newspapers on Monday and 参考答案 Friday mornings before school(我们需要年轻人在周一和 大多数人选择独自旅行,是因为他们想做自己想做的事 周五早上上学前送报纸。)”以及“SendyourCVto 情,享受自由。故选B项。 postofficebrook.com(将你的简历发送到postoffice 3.B 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Youshouldface brook.com)”可知,如果你想在早上上学之前工作,你可 everything and encourage yourself to move forward when 以把你的简历发送到postoffice②brook.com。故选C。 the feeling of loneliness and boredom sweeps through Passage 2 your body and mind, according to Markle.”(马克尔说, 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者通过 当孤独和无聊的感觉席卷你的身心时,你应该面对一切, 一个学校课题结识了一个女孩,并与她结为心意相通、共同 鼓励自己前进。)可知,当感到孤独和无聊时,你应该面对 成长的挚友。 一切,所以引用马克尔所说的话是为了说明独自旅行的 1.D 细节理解题。根据第一段“Two years ago I was very 重要性。故选B项。 lonely and didn't talk with anyone about my feelings...1 4.A 主旨大意题,通读全文,文章主要介绍了一种新兴的 started to imagine this friend. I started to imagine this 趋势“metime”,即为了避免和别人一起旅行时产生不便和 friend.”(两年前,我非常孤独,没有和任何人谈论我的感 麻烦,很多人选择独自旅行,去做自已想做的事情,所以 受。那时候我没有很多朋友。我想找人分享我的经历和 “自我时间:独自玩得开心”可以作为文章标题。故选 秘密。我希望有人能理解我。我开始想象这个朋友。)可 A项。 知,作者当时没有朋友,倍感孤独的她在脑海中想象了一 Passage4 个朋友。故选D项。 【语篇解读】 本文属干说明文阅读,作者通过这篇文章主 2.C 细节理解题。由第二段“Some weeks later I starteda 要向我们描述了科学家们将新能源科技运用到飞机上制造 new project in school and I was working with one of my 太阳能飞机的实验。 schoolmates. We had never worked together before but 1.B 细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句Thosewings we got along well. After the project we started to spend include 17, ooo solar units, or cells, which capture the some time together in school. One day we decided to take sun's energy. The energy allows the plane to fly day and a walk, Ever since that walk we've been friends. We night.可知,飞机有更宽的机翼是因为它可以很容易地获 listened and really understood each other.”(几周后,我 得太阳能。故选B。 在学校开始了一个新项目,我和我的一个同学一起工作。 2.B 词义猜测题。根据第二段中Instead,theywant to 我们以前从未一起工作过,但我们相处得很好。项目结 show that new energy sources and technologies can 束后,我们开始在学校共度时光。一天,我们决定去散 achieve what some say is impossible.(相反,他们想要证 步。那次散步之后,我们就成了朋友。我们倾听并真正 明,新能源和新技术可以实现一些人所说的不可能实现 理解对方。)可知,作者参加学校课题时结识了一个朋友, 的目标。)可知”科学家们并没有试图改变航空业。”所以 并且最后发展成为挚友。故选C项。 推知划线词的意思是“改变”。故选B。 3.A 细节理解题。根据第三段中“nowwehave known 3.C 推理判断题。根据最后一段Internet viewers cango each other for two vears and our friendship is growing all the to the Solar Impulse website to see the plane's location time”(但是现在我们已经认识对方两年了,我们的友谊 and listen to broadcasts from the pilots.(互联网观众可以 一直在增长。)可知,作者和挚友的友谊日益增进。故选 访问太阳能动力公司的网站,查看飞机的位置,并收听飞行 A项。 员的广播。)可知,关于这次飞行,将在互联网上直播。故 4.B 细节理解题:由第四段“It hasn't onlybeen easy.We 选C. have gone through both easy and hard times. But I'm gratefu 4.A 主旨大意题。根据第一段中ASwissairplane for the hard times, because they have forced me to grow powered only by energy from the sun left from Abu Dhabi andtaughtmealot”(这并不简单。我们经历了容易和因 early on March 9. Its creators hope the plane will make 难的时期,但我很感激那些艰难的日子,因为他们迫使 the first around-the-world journey without any fuel. The 我成长,教会了我很多。)可知,艰难的时光促使作者成 plane is called Solar Impulse 2.(3月9日,一架仅靠太阳 长,也教会了她很多,也就是作者从中学到了很多。故选 能供电的瑞士飞机从阿布扎比起飞,它的创造者希望这 B项。 架飞机能进行第一次无燃料环球飞行,这架飞机被称为 Passage 3 太阳动力2号。)可知,本文讲述的是一架太阳能飞机将 这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种新兴趋 【语篇解读】 环游世界。故选A。 势“metime”,即人们想要更多的独处时间,去做自己想 Passage 5 要的事情。 【语篇解读】 这是一篇记叙文。意大利书商Michele 1.C 词句猜测题。根据第一段“When youwant toget up Gentile发起了一项“拿瓶换书”的活动,只要孩子们拿一个 early to watch the sunrise, for example, your friends may 塑料瓶和一个铅罐就可以跟他换一本书,以此来鼓励孩子 argue that getting enough sleep is more important. And 们阅读和环保。 when you want to try the different food, your friends 1.D 细节理解题。根据文章第二段的He saidhe thought might say it looks strange and push you to a Chinese of the recycling program, because he wanted to inspire restaurantinstead.”(例如,当你想早起看日出时,你的朋 children in the small town to read and pay attention to the 友们可能会认为充足的睡眠更重要。当你想尝试不同的 environment.(他说他想到了环保的项目,他想启发和鼓 食物时,你的朋友可能会说它看起来很奇怪,然后把你推 励这个小镇的孩子们阅读和关注环保)可知,Michele的 到一家中国餐馆。)可知,和他人一起旅行,你可能不得不 目的是鼓励和启发孩子们阅读和环保。D.Toinspire 妥协,推测划线短语make compromises表示“做出妥协”. readingandrecycling.(鼓励阅读和环保)符合以上说法。 与givein同义。故选C项。 故选D项。 2.B 细节理解题。根据第二段“Most of these people said 2.A 细节理解题。根据文章第四段的The idea for the they choose to travel alone because this allows them to initiative(侵议) came after Gentile collaborated with a 'dowhat theywant'.”(这些人中的大多数人说,他们选 nearby middle school on an aluminum recycling project. 择独自旅行是因为这样可以“做他们想做的事”。)可知, (这个倡议的想法是在和附近的一个中学合作铭回收项 英语 1 初高中教材衔接 目之后产生的)可知,和一所中学合作铭回收的项目让 with him on weekends, I used to struggle to think up Michele有了这个想法。A. Working with a school to things to say, feeling on guard.(每当我和他在周末出去 recyclecans.(和一所学校合作铅罐回收)符合以上说法。 的时候,我总是纹尽脑汗想说些什么,感觉很警惕。)”可 故选A项。 知,当作者和父亲周末外出时,她会感到紧张,故选A。 3.D 细节理解题。根据文章第五段的The free books 3.C 推理判断题。根据第三段的“Wetalkedalong that come from customers in Gentile's shop who have donated afternoon, did some shopping, ate on the street table. money to purchase a“suspended"book.(这些免费图书 and laughed over my son's funny facial expressions Gone 来自于Gentile书店的顾客,他们捐钱买了一本“暂停使 was my father's critical(挑别的) air and strict rules. 用”的书)可知,书店的顾客为图书付了钱。D.His Who was this person I knew as my father, who seemed so customers.(他的顾客)符合以上说法。故选D项。 friendly and interesting to be around?(那天下午,我们聊 4.B 主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容,尤其是第一段 天、购物、在街边的桌子上吃饭,看着儿子滑稽的面部表 Michele Gentile, an Italian bookseller, is offering free 情哈哈大笑。父亲挑别的样子和严格的规矩都消失了。 books to children in exchange for plastic bottles to 我认识的这个人是我的父亲,他在我身边显得那么友好 recycle.(一位名叫MicheleGentile的书商正在为孩子们 和有趣,他是谁?)”可知,在她去过Tucson后,作者认为 提供可回收的塑料瓶可以换得的免费书籍)可知,本文主 她的父亲温柔而友好,故选C。 要讲述MicheleGentile让孩子通过可回收利用的塑料瓶 4.C 词句猜测题。根据最后一段的“After somany years. 来换免费书籍的故事。B. RecyclingCanGet Kids Free I'm at last seeing another side of my father.(这 么 多年 Books.(可循环的罐子让孩子得到免费书籍)可以作为本 后,我终于看到了父亲的另一面。)”可知,作者终于看到 文标题。故选B项。 了父亲的另一面,因此这时的父亲对于作者来说是新的 Passage 6 朋友,因此划线词“mynewfriend”指的是作者的父亲,故 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了从良好 选C. 的饮食习惯、定期的体育锻炼、以及远离酣酒三个方面构建 Passage 8 健康的生活方式。 【语篇解读】 1 本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲迷许多人早 1.D 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Forthispurpose,a 展起不来,克菜特曼博士证明了每个人每天都有一个能量 healthy lifestyle can include good eating habits, regular 周期,而不同人的能量峰值达到最高的时间不同,我们不能 physical activity and anti-alcoholism(抗酒精中毒).(为 改变自己的能量周期,但我们可以学习适应它。 此,健康的生活方式包括良好的饮食习惯、定期体育锻炼 1.B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“but Dr.Kleitman hasa 和远离酣酒)”可知,健康的生活方式包括良好的饮食习 new explanation. He has proved that everyone has a daily 惯、体育活动和远离融酒,文中未提到减肥。故选D。 energycycle(但克菜特曼博士有一个新的解释。他证明了每 2.A 词句猜测题。根据画线词的上文“Oursocietytoday 个人每天都有一个能量周期。)”可知,Dr.Kleitman认为一个 is developingfast(我们今天的社会发展很快)”和下文“It 人早上很难起床,可能是因为他有自己的能量周期。故选B. is much easier to stop and get fast food. (停下来吃快餐 2. D 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“For some people the 要容易得多)”可推知,社会发展很快会导致人们很忙碌, peak...in the afternon or evening(对一些人来说,高峰出现 没时间好好用餐,只能选择更容易的快餐。因此,onthe 在早上。对其他人来说,它在下午或晚上到来。)”可推知,人 go意思应该是“处于忙碌,一直奔走的状态”,与busy意 们的能量项峰可能会在不同的时间出现,故选D. 思接近。故选A。 3.C 词句猜测题。根据划线词句子“Youcan'tchange 3.C 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Exercise reduces stress your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit and contributes to(有助于)a good sleep. It can keep a itbetter.(你不能改变你的能量周期,但你可以学习让你 person looking and feeling younger throughout his entire 的生活更适合它。)”的描述可知,本句此处代词it指代前 life, and it also helps build one's energy and strength. 面提到的能量周期。故选C。 (运动可以减轻压力,有助于良好的睡眠,它可以让一个 4.A 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Duringthehours 人在整个生命中看起来和感觉更年轻,它也有助于增强 when you... The time of day when you feel most 一个人的精力和力量)”可知,定期运动可以让人在整个 energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its 生命中感觉更年轻。故选C。 peak(项峰)(在你工作的时间里,你可能会说你很“热”。 4.A 推理判断题。通读全文可知,文章围绕健康的生活方 这是真的。一天中你感到精力最充沛的时候是你的体温 式展开,具体介绍了从良好的饮食习惯,定期的体育 周期达到峰值的时侯。)”可推知,如果这个发现是真的, 炼、以及远离融酒三个方面构建健康的生活方式。因此, 那么最好在能量项峰时期做你的工作。故选A。 文章与我们的日常生活紧密相关,可能出自生活栏目。 Passage 9 故选A。 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章在开头通过问题:你有 Passage 7 没有遇到过必须对某人说不?比如有个同学约你一起吃饭? 本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲的是作者的父亲 【语篇解读】 引出研究结论;新的研究表明,至少在社交方面,拒绝的时候不 以前对她期望很高,多年后作者去父亲的新家拜访,作者发 用夹带一句道歉。换句话说,说句对不起并不能让被拒绝的人 现父亲变得温和和友好多了,作者喜欢这个“新朋友”。 感觉更好受点。事实上这可能会使被拒绝者感觉更糟。 1.B 推理判断题。根据第二段“He seemedunhappy with 1.A 细节理解题。结合文章第一段最后一句:Many me unless got straight A's and unhappy with my people consider it to be good manners to say they are boyfriends if their fathers were not as "successful" as he sorry when they turn down a request.(很多人认为在拒 was.(他似乎对我很不高兴,除非我的成绩全是A,如果 绝某个请求时表示抱数是有礼貌。)故:选择A项。 我的男朋友的父亲没有他那么“成功”,他也不高兴。)”可 2.D 细节理解题。结合第二段第二句:Forher research, 知,作者的父亲在作者得全A的时候才会高兴,因此作者 she asked over 1, ooo people to respond to different 对年轻时的父亲感到痛苦,因为他对她期望太高了。故 examples of social rejection.(在她的研究中,她询问了 选B。 1000多人,来回应不同的社会排斥的例子。)可知,选项D 2.A 推理判断题。根据第二段的“Whenever Iwent out 和文章意思一致。第二段第五句:insomecases,the 参考答案 person rejecting Taylor offered an apology.(在一些情况 以及后文“Waking up early makes you active all day.(早 下,拒绝泰勒的人说对不起)可知B项是错误;第二段第 起会让你一整天都充满活力)”可知,本段的主旨是好好 六句: In other cases, the people doing the rejection did 利用早上的时间,让一整天充满活力。故G选项“清晨的 not saythey were sorry.(在其他情况下,拒绝的人并没有 时间是最宁静、最有效率的”符合语境,故选G。 说对不起。)可知,选项A错误。第二段最后两句:People 5. D 根据上 文“Spending time alone on reflecting gives you were asked how they would feel if they were being turned a chance to organize your thoughts. Afterwards, you'll down, just as Taylor was. Most said they would be more have a better understanding of what's important and what hurt by a rejection with an apology than a rejection isn't.(花点时间独自思考可以让你有机会组织你的想法。 withoutanapology.(人们被问到,如果他们像泰勒一样 之后,你会更好地理解什么是重要的,什么不是)”可知, 被拒绝,他们会有什么感觉?大多数表示,与拒绝不道歉 上文提到花时间独自思考,会更好地理解什么是重要的, 相比,他们会被拒绝加道歉伤得更深。)可知,选项C错 D选项中Then the unimportant things 对应上文中 误。故:选择D项。 what's important and what isn't。故D选项“然后那些不 3.D 细节理解题。结合文章倒数第二段的最后一句: 重要的事情就不会再困扰你了”符合语境,故选D. Freedman also said that an apology often makes the Passage 11 person doing the rejection feel better-even as it makes 【语篇解读】 .本文为一篇说明文,介绍了几种帮助大学生 the personbeing rejected feel worse.(弗雷曼还表示,道 在学校和生活中取得成功的几种技能。 歉通常让拒绝者感觉更好过,即使这会让被拒绝者感觉 1.A 根据“There are just 24 hours in each day.(每天只有 更糟。)可知,选项D:这会让拒绝的人感觉更好。和文章 24小时)”及下文内容可知,本段描述时间管理的重要性; 的意义一致。故:选择D项。 A选项“Timemanagement.(时间管理)”为主题句,符合 4.C 推理判断题。结合最后一段的表达:Herresearch 语境。故选A项。 deals only with social communication. A business 2.E 本段描述合理规划时间重要性。空后“Whilehigh- situation might be very different. "If a manager rejects a school students average 35 hours per week of class time. job interviewee or a boss must tell an employee that he or college students have an average of 15 to 18 hours per she is being fired from a job,"Freedman said,"reactions week. Deal with your time wisely and you'll make full use to apologies maybe different.”(她的研究只涉及社交互 of eachday.(高中生平均每周有35个小时的上课时间. 动。商务场合可能会有很大不同。弗雷曼表示,如果一 而大学生平均每周有15到18个小时。明智地处理你的 位经理拒绝一位求职者,或是一位老板必须要开除一名 时间,你会充分利用每一天。)”拿高中生和大学生学习时 员工,对道歉的反应可能会有所不同。)可以推断出,在接 间举例,然后表示应合理应用时间。E选项“Whtyoudo 下来的表达中将会涉及商务场合。故:选择C项。 with them makes all the difference.(你用它们做什么会 Passage 10 有很大的不同)”符合此处语境,其中them指代前一句中 【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了五种可以 的24hours,且与本段最后一句意思呼应。故选E项。 让人更聪明的方法。 3.D 根据“Goodstudyhabits(好的学习习惯)”可知,本段 1.C 根据标题“△Don'tWatchTVTooMuch(不要看太 描述好习惯的重要性。D选项“Ifnot,there's timeto 多电视)”以及后文"If you're too tired, listen to some developthem.(如果没有,你还有时间去开发它们)”与上 music. When you're with your friends or family, leave the 一句“lf you've got them,great.(如果你有的话,很好)" TV off and have a conversation. All of these things make 句型一致,且两句进行对比,符合本段主题和语境。故选 your mind run better than television does and also allow D项. youtorelax.(如果你太累了,就听听音乐。当你和你的 4. C 根据上文“Good study habits include the following: 朋友或家人在一起时,关掉电视,和他们聊聊天。所有这 (好的学习习惯包括以下几点;)”可知,空处与前一句及 些都能让你的大脑比电视更好地远转,还能让你放松)” 后文均为好习惯的具体表现;C选项“Finishassignments 可知,本段的主旨是建议不要看太多的电视,可知本句说 intime.(按时完成任务)”为好习惯之一,符合语境。故选 明原因:对大脑没好处。C选项中Watchinga lotofTV C项。 对应标题Don'tWatchTVTooMuch.故C选项“看很 5.F 本段描述记笔记的重要性。根据空前一句“Butyou 多电视对你的大脑没有好处”符合语境,故选C。 do need to write down the important material.(但是你需 2. E 根据本段内容“Taking exercise always leads to 要把重要的材料写下来)”告知如何记笔记;F选项“Also greater learning. Use your body to clear your head and it should be in a form that's most helpful to you.(同时. create more energy, Afterwards. you will feel more 它应该是一种对你最有帮助的形式)”为有效方式的补 energetic and can concentrate(专注) more easily.(锻炼 充,说明写下材料的益处,与下文“Trywritingnotesor 身体总能促进学习,用你的身体清理你的大脑,创造更多 different colored cards.(试着在不同颜色的卡片上写笔 的能量,之后,你会感到精力更充沛,更容易集中注意 记)”语境相符。故选F项。 力)”可知本段的建议是参加锻炼,主要介绍了锻炼的好 Passage 12 处。故E选项“锻炼”符合语境,故选E。 【语篇解读】本文介绍进入高中后,如何稿好学习五条有 3. A 根据上文“If you want to improve your thinking and 效建议。 writing ability, you should read books that make you 1.E 从前面 If you want to do well at school, going to concentrate.”(如果你想提高你的思考和写作能力,你应 class isthe first step instudyingwell. 可知,如果你想在 该读那些让你集中注意力的书)”可知,本句承接上文就 学校做得好,去上课是学好学习的第一步。可推断E项 阅读什么样的书进行说明,A选项中novel对应上文 (所以如果你想学好,去上每一节课)符合语境,故选E。 books。故A选项“读一本经典小说会使你思考得更清 2.F 从空前面Try not to write down everything.(尽量不 楚”符合语境,故选A。 要写下所有东西)可知要记要点F项(所有你需要的是用 4. G 根据上文“You'll be most refreshed if you go to bed 你自己的话记要点)符合题意。故选F。 early and don't sleep more than 8 hours.(如果你早点上 3. C 根据前面一句“You can fill in details that you missed 床并且睡眠时间不要超过8个小时,你就会精神焕发)” and review the material while it is still fresh on your 英语 1 初高中教材衔接 mind.”“你可以把没来得及写下的细节补充上去,生疏的 eachside”可知,因为要推走两边的人,所以此处指狗用鼻 时候就去复习这些材料”可知A选项“Talktoyour 子推着两边的人,故选D。 teacher if you need help”“有必要时向老师求助”符合语 11.B 考查数词和形容词词义辨析。句意:他推啊推,直到 境,故C项正确。 周围的人都走了,才有了足够两个人的地方。A.one一 4.G 根据前一句Take part in class discussions.参加课堂 个;B.two两个;C.many许多的;D.all全部的。根据后 讨论和后句Asking questions and having eye contact with 文“Mr. Yorkwell sat down and the dog...”可知,此处指 your teachers and classmates can increase your 足够两个人的地方,故选B。 participation(参 与) and your focus during the class 12.C 考查名词词义辨析。句意:Mr.Yorkwell坐了下来, discussion,在课堂讨论过程中,提问并与您的老师和同学 狗站到了Mr.Yorkwell旁边的座位上。A. street街道; 进行眼神交流,可以提高你的参与程度和专注度。可知, B.bus公交车;C.seat座位;D.bag口袋。根据后文 为了在课堂上学到更多的东西,参加课堂讨论是有帮助 “beside Mr.Yorkwell's."可知,狗站到了Mr. Yorkwell 的。符合语境。所以G项正确。 旁边的座位上。故选C。 5.A 根据上句:确保每个人都熟悉这个材料,因为你不想 13.C 考查名词词义辨析。句意:它躺下来,把它的头放在 花时间重教那些不理解材料的人。再根据空格下句:有 官人的腿上。A. head头;B. foot脚;C. leg提;D. back后 时组会话可以成为聊天会话。可知此空的意思应该是: 但是你要小心。故选A。 背。根据前文“He lay down andput his headon”可知,狗 躺下来,把头放在盲人腿上,睡着了。故选C。 专题二 完形填空 14.A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:周围的人并没有生它 过渡练习 的气,大家都笑了。A.angry生气;B.sad悲伤的;C Passage 1 happy开心的;D.sorry抱歉的。根据前后语境可知,车里 【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Mr.Yorkwell 的人对狗的行为并没有感到生气。故选A。 的导育犬帮助自己在公交车上占座的故事。 15.B 考查动词词义辨析。句意:同上。A.spoken说话:B 1.B 考查代词词义辨析。句意:他看了很多医生,但没有 smiled微笑;C.worried担忧;D. learned得知。前文说人们没 一个能帮他。A. nothing没有什么;B. anything任何事 有生狗的气,由此可知,看到狗的行为,大家都笑了。故选B. 情;C.everything所有事情;D. things事情。根据前文转 Passage 2 折连词but可知,Mr.Yorkwell看了很多医生,医生们都 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了半夜作者邻居家 无能无力,此处是否定句,需用anyting。故选B。 的厨房着火了,刚开始没有想到是火灾。后来发现着火了, 2.A 考查副词词义辨析。句意:他再也见不到这个世界了。 作者报警并闯入邻居的家,救出了他的宠物。消防员及时 A. again再一次;B. once曾经;C. always总是;D. still依然。 赶到扑灭了大火,事后邻居定制了一个特别的奖牌对作者 根据前一句可知,因为医生对Mr.Yorkwell的病无能为 表示感谢。 力,由此可知,他可能再也见不到这个世界了。故选A。 1.C 考查名词词义辨析。句意:我瞟了一眼邻居的房子, 3.D 考查动词词义辨析。句意:导育犬可以帮助盲人在街 我看到在他的厨房一团火焰。A.sitting room起居室;B. 上走。A. run奔跑;B. jump疏跃;C.play玩耍;D. walk bathroom浴室;C. kitchen厨房;D. bedroom卧室.根据 行走。根据常识可知,导盲犬是帮助盲人带路的,所以此 下文“I saw fire coming out of my neighbor's kitchen"可 处指导盲犬帮助盲人在街上行走。故选D。 知,作者看见了邻居家的厨房里有火焰,但以为他在做快 4.C 考查连词词义辨析。句意:它被称为导盲犬,因为它是 餐,就没有多想。故C项正确。 盲人的眼睛。A.why为什么;B.that连接词,无具体词义; 2.C 考查名词词义辨析。句意:我以为他在半夜吃快餐, C.because因为;D.what什么。根据前后句意可知,此处表 所以我回到了床上。A.chair椅子:B.table桌子:C. bed 示因故关系,需用because引导原因状语从句。故选C。 床;D. sofa 沙发。根据后文"Ijumped out of bed and went 5.A 考查连词词义辨析。句意:在一个阳光明媚的温暖早 downstairs”可知,作者之前没有想到失火,就回到床睡觉 晨,Mr.Yorkwell带着导盲犬上车时,车上已经坐满了人。 了。故C项正确。 A. when当.....时候;B. while 当.....时候;C. before 在..... 3.D 考查短语辨析。句意:我立刻跳下床,下楼去查看。 之前;D.since因为,自从。根据空前后句意可知,此处需用 A.Afterawhile过一会;B.All the time一直,总是;C. when引导时间状语从句,while引导时间状语从句时,从句 Once inawhile偶尔;D.At once立刻,马上。结合常识, 的谓语动词多为延续性动词,且常用于进行时态,后空需用 知道出了坏事,应该立刻就从床上跳了起来,到楼下去检 短暂性动词短语,所以此处需用when。故选A。 查看究竟发生了什么事情。故D项正确。 6.B 考查动词短语词义辩析。句意:同上。A.gotoff下 4.A 考查动词词义辨析。句意:我立刻跳下床,下楼去查 车;B. got on上车;C. stopped停止;D. waited for等待。 看。A. examine检查;B. search寻找,搜寻;C. listen听; 根据后文"There were no seats for Mr. Yorwell at all." D. smell闻,闻起来。根据上文“Soon,therewasa 可知,Mr.Yorkwell带着导盲犬上了车。故选B。 burningsmellintheair”可知,作者闻到了东西燃烧的味 7.A 考查名词词义辨析。句意:他站在这么多人中间,经 道,自然是应该检查一下究竞是什么东西在燃烧。故A 过了几个公共汽车站之后。A. people人们;B.animals动 项正确。 物;C.dogs狗;D.buses公交车。根据前文“There were 5.B 考查动词词义辨析。句意:我立刻大喊:“着火了!”A. no seats forMr.Yorwell at all.”可知,因为公交车上没有 said说话:B. shouted大喊;C.received收到;D. smiled微 座位了,由此可知,车上人很多。故选A。 笑。根据下文“myshouts for help”可知,作者大声地呼喊 8.D 考查动词词义辨析。句意:然后,一个人站起来离开 求救。故B项正确。 座位下了车。A. took带走;B. started开始;C. lost丢失; 6.B 考查动词词义辨析。句意:我冲进我的房子,打电话 D. left离开。根据后文“andgot off the bus.”可知,一个 给消防队,然后回到我邻居的房子。A.walked步行;B. 人离开座位下了车。故选D。 rushed跑,奔跑;C.jumped跳跃;D. stepped路步。本句 9.C 考查名词词义辨析。句意:狗在那里占的地方很小。 中使用ruth来说明当时紧急的情况,即作者奔跑着去报 A. house房子;B. seat座位;C. room空间;D. place地方 火警。故B项正确。 结合常识可知,狗占的空间小,由空前little,空处需用不 7.A 考查名词词义辨析。句意;我按了门铨,敲了敲门,叫 可数名词room。故选C。 了邻居的名字,但是没有人回应。A.answer回答;B. 10.D 考查名词词义辨析。句意:狗开始用鼻子推着两边 light灯光;C.sound声音;D. fire大火。根据下文“When 的人A. teeth牙齿;B. eat吃;C. eye眼晴;D. nose鼻子。 my neighbor cameback”可知,作者的邻居当时不在家里, 根据常识和空前“The dog began to push the people on 因此敲门,喊名字都没有回应。故A项正确。