精品解析：山东省济南市2023-2024学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题

绝密☆启用并使用完毕前 2024年7月济南市高二期末学习质量检测 英语试题 本试卷共12页。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What time is it now? A. 3: 00 pm. B. 3: 11 pm. C. 3: 21 pm. 2. What color is Paul's T-shirt? A. White. B. Black. C. Brown. 3. What does the woman need to take on the trip? A. A tent. B. The fee. C. Dishes. 4. What will the woman do in June? A. Go on holiday. B. Stay at home. C. Go to work. 5. What happened to the woman? A. She lost her first-aid box. B. She hurried to hospital. C. She cut her finger. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why does the man ask the woman for help? A. He is mad at his boss. B. He feels sick. C. He has trouble with work. 7. What will the man do? A. Go to work. B. Have lunch. C. Ask for a leave. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Who is wanted on the phone? A. Brown. B. Thomas. C. Peter. 9. What is the man's message about? A. A visit to a factory. B. A decision about a visit. C. A meeting about a factory. 听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。 10. How long did the woman stay in Greece? A. Two weeks. B. Three weeks. C. Four weeks. 11. Where will the man go on holiday? A. Canada. B. France. C. The US. 12. What did the woman do for her first trip abroad? A. Meet a friend. B. Go sightseeing. C. Visit relatives. 13. What would the man probably talk about next? A. Where to travel. B. How to save money. C. Why to leave Europe. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. How much did the woman pay for her ticket? A. £2. 95. B. £6. 50. C. £8. 15 How did the woman go to the museum? A. By bus. B. By subway. C. On foot. 16. What did the woman have for lunch? A. A coffee. B. A hot meal. C. A sandwich. 17. When will the man see the exhibition? A. April 23rd. B. April 24th. C. April 27th. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Which is the most popular theme park in Canada? A. Playland. B. Splash Works Water Park. C. Paramount Canada's Wonderland. 19. What do we know about the second park? A. It's free for kids. B. It's a water park. C. It borders the first park. 20. What is special of the third park? A. It has a wave pool. B. It has a long history. C. It opens year around. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Half Price Books summer reading program, called Summer Reading Camp, gives out free Half Price Books gift cards to kids who read for at least 300 minutes during the months of June and July. This program is for kids from preschool to 14 years of age, in 8th grade or under. There’s also a limit of one reading log (日志) per month for each child. How to Get Free Gift Cards from the Half Price Books Summer Reading Program Visit Summer Reading Camp and register. As the summer program gets closer, you'll receive more information in your email. Each day your child reads during June and July, have them write the number of minutes they’ve read on that day on the calendar. The goal is to read for at least 15 minutes each day of the week. At the end of each week, kids can add up their week’s total minutes and have a grown-up sign it. After the child has read at least 300 minutes, fill out their name, age, and total minutes, as well as your name, email, and location information. Cut out the completed part of the form and bring it to your local Half Price Books to get your reward. Encouraging Your Child through the Half Price Books Summer Reading Program When your kids are finished with a week, a month, or the whole program, you can fill out a Best Reader Award to keep them encouraged about their progress. As for what your child reads this summer, Half Price Books has put together a list of staff picks by grade level, best alphabet books, 40 books every child should read, and 21 books to start the baby's library. 1. Who can attend Summer Reading Camp? A. A 4-month baby. B. A 15-year-old girl. C. A primary school boy. D. A college graduate. 2. How can daily reading be guaranteed in this program? A. By cutting out the forms. B. By submitting reading logs. C. By filling out total reading minutes D. By keeping records on the calendar. 3. What can parents do to encourage their children to read? A. Present a reading award. B. Buy recommended books. C. Give suggestions on reading D. Share post-reading feedback. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。半价书店的暑期阅读计划名为“夏日阅读营”，该计划向在六月和七月期间阅读时间至少为 300 分钟的儿童免费提供半价书店礼品卡。文章主要介绍了如何从半价书店夏季阅读计划中获得免费礼品卡以及父母如何通过半价书店暑期阅读计划鼓励自己的孩子。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“This program is for kids from preschool to 14 years of age, in 8th grade or under.(该项目适用于学龄前至 14 岁（8 年级或以下）的儿童。)”可知，该夏令营适合学龄前至 14 岁（8 年级或以下）的孩子，即上小学的孩子，故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Each day your child reads during June and July, have them write the number of minutes they’ve read on that day on the calendar. (在六月和七月期间，让您的孩子每天阅读，并在日历上写下当天阅读的分钟数。)”可知，通过记录在日历上的阅读分钟数来保证每天的阅读量，故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“When your kids are finished with a week, a month, or the whole program, you can fill out a Best Reader Award to keep them encouraged about their progress.(当您的孩子完成一周、一个月或整个课程时，您可以填写最佳读者奖，以鼓励他们对自己的进步感到鼓舞)”可知，父母可以给孩子颁发读书奖，以此来鼓励孩子读书，故选A。 B Matthew Weihmuller, despite being blind from birth, earned his master’s degree in music at Florida State University. He also tours with a band that shows elements of jazz and rock. Additionally, he is a composer, using specialized music technology for the blind. He frequently engages as a speaker, having been a guest lecturer at John Hopkins University. While explaining his shift from performance to teaching, Weihmuller said, “All great performers teach, and it’s the only way to pass along this craft, especially about jazz music. I found that teaching became more my calling than performing. I wanted to make a difference, and that was really important to me.” Innovatively, Weihmuller uses a unique teaching method to enhance communication among jazz students. When practising a play, he turns off the lights, removes the visualelements and forces students to rely more on their other senses. They have to feel their instrument with their fingers and hands. Weihmuller’s own blindness has fueled his mastery of other senses, particularly crucial in playing jazz. “You have to turn your disadvantage into an advantage. Where there is a will, there is a way.” Weihmuller said. Reflecting on his early struggles with sheet music, Weihmuller recalled the challenge of obtaining braille (盲文) music, which was not as accessible then as it is today. To overcome this obstacle, he had to create his own braille music, a process that continued through his college years. Weihmuller has a strong desire to influence his students with value of perseverance and musical progression. His ultimate goal is to inspire others facing challenges and disabilities. He added, “I do hope that when they leave my classroom, they’re not only better musicians but also better people.” 4. What can we learn about Weihmuller from Paragraph 1? A. He has multiple roles. B. He owns a music band. C. He complains of his disability. D. He gives talks worldwide. 5. What drives Weihmuller to turn to music teaching? A. The duty to help performers. B. The strong desire to succeed. C. The will to pass down music. D. The aim to gain independence. 6. Why did Weihmuller turn off lights in his music class? A. To reduce students’ anxiety. B. To train physical abilities. C. To teach students better. D. To test learning results. 7 Which of the following can best describe Weihmuller? A. Outgoing and caring. B. Courageous and honest. C. Creative and determined. D. Knowledgeable and patient. 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. C 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇人物传记。文章主要讲述了一位天生失明的音乐家Matthew Weihmuller的励志故事，包括他的教育背景、音乐成就、教学方法以及他如何面对困难并激励他人的经历。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Matthew Weihmuller, despite being blind from birth, earned his master’s degree in music at Florida State University. He also tours with a band that shows elements of jazz and rock. Additionally, he is a composer, using specialized music technology for the blind. He frequently engages as a speaker, having been a guest lecturer at John Hopkins University.( Matthew Weihmuller虽然天生失明，却在佛罗里达州立大学获得了音乐硕士学位。他还与一支展示爵士和摇滚元素的乐队一起巡回演出。此外，他还是一名作曲家，使用专门的盲人音乐技术。他经常参加演讲，曾在约翰霍普金斯大学担任客座讲师)”可知，Matthew Weihmuller虽然天生失明，但他拥有多个角色：他获得了佛罗里达州立大学音乐硕士学位，与一支融合了爵士和摇滚元素的乐队巡演，他还是一位作曲家，使用专为盲人设计的音乐技术，并且经常作为演讲者，曾在约翰霍普金斯大学担任客座讲师。因此，我们可以从第一段中了解到Weihmuller有多个角色。故选A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“While explaining his shift from performance to teaching, Weihmuller said, “All great performers teach, and it’s the only way to pass along this craft, especially about jazz music. I found that teaching became more my calling than performing. I wanted to make a difference, and that was really important to me.”(在解释他从表演到教学的转变时，Weihmuller说：“所有伟大的表演者都教书，这是传授这门手艺的唯一途径，尤其是关于爵士乐。我发现教书比表演更像是我的使命。我想有所作为，这对我来说真的很重要。”)”可知，Weihmuller转向音乐教学的驱动力是传递音乐技艺的意愿。故选C。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“When practising a play, he turns off the lights, removes the visualelements and forces students to rely more on their other senses. They have to feel their instrument with their fingers and hands. Weihmuller’s own blindness has fueled his mastery of other senses, particularly crucial in playing jazz. “You have to turn your disadvantage into an advantage. Where there is a will, there is a way.” Weihmuller said. (在练习戏剧时，他会关掉灯，去除视觉元素，迫使学生更多地依靠其他感官。他们必须用手指和手去感受乐器。Weihmuller自己的失明助长了他对其他感官的掌握，尤其是在演奏爵士乐方面。“你必须化劣势为优势。有志者事竟成。”)”可知，Weihmuller在音乐教学中采用了一种独特的方法，即关掉灯，去除视觉元素，迫使学生更多地依赖其他感官。他希望通过这种方式来增强学生的其他感官能力，特别是对于爵士乐来说至关重要的感官能力。这种教学方法的目的是为了更好地教学生，帮助他们更深入地理解和感受音乐。故选C。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Innovatively, Weihmuller uses a unique teaching method to enhance communication among jazz students.(Weihmuller教授采用独特的教学方法，加强爵士乐学生之间的交流)”可知，Weihmuller有创造性；再根据第四段“Reflecting on his early struggles with sheet music, Weihmuller recalled the challenge of obtaining braille (盲文) music, which was not as accessible then as it is today. To overcome this obstacle, he had to create his own braille music, a process that continued through his college years.(回想起他早期与乐谱的斗争，Weihmuller回忆起获得盲文音乐的挑战，当时不像今天这样容易获得。为了克服这个障碍，他不得不创作自己的盲文音乐，这个过程一直持续到他的大学时代)”可知，他是一个有决心的人。故选C。 C Most people think that weeds are something to be pulled up and thrown away. Now, purslane (马齿苋) may be the key to creating drought resistant crops in a world that is getting warmer. Scientists at Yale University found that purslane can create a new form of photosynthesis (光合作用) that allows this weed to endure drought conditions. “This is a very rare ‘super plant’ — one that could be potentially useful in crop engineering.” said Edwards, a professor of ecology and evolutionary biology. Purslane actually enhances its photosynthesis efficiency to match the high levels found in plants like corn, which enables it to maintain productivity under high temperatures. On the other hand, this plant employs a special way of photosynthesis. It stores carbon dioxide at night and uses it during the day, which makes it remarkably resistant to heat. The uniqueness of purslane lies in these two characteristics. Yale team conducted an analysis of the genes in the leaves of the plant and found that they are totally integrated and operate in the same cells. Understanding how this works could allow scientists to engineer main crops like corn to resist long-lasting droughts. Growing across the US, purslane has small round leaves, and red, yellow, or pink flowers. You can plant it in your garden just about anywhere. With its sour-salty taste, it is a healthy food rich in vitamins, minerals, and Omega-3s. You can enjoy it raw in salads or cooked as a dish. “In terms of engineering the plant into a crop like corn, there is still a lot of work to do before that could become a reality,” Edwards said in the news release. Finding and growing new food crops that can survive the effects of climate change is a win-win for a planet that is getting hotter and drier. Who knew this common weed could be the key? 8 What makes purslane a “super plant” according to Paragraph 2? A Its unique taste and color. B. Its ability to grow anywhere. C. Its high capacity in storing water. D. Its uncommon way of photosynthesis. 9. What is the advantage of purslane’s storing carbon dioxide at night? A. Increasing its productivity. B. Helping it to resist drought. C. Allowing it to grow faster. D. Reducing its need for sunlight. 10. What can we learn about purslane as food? A. It is rich in nutrition. B. It is not widely accepted. C. It is not suitable in salads. D. It is mainly cooked as a dish. 11. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To promote the planting of purslane. B. To warn readers of the danger of the weed. C. To describe different types of photosynthesis. D. To show purslane’s potential in crop engineering. 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了马齿苋这种看似普通的野草，在应对全球变暖、干旱等环境问题中的潜在价值，包括其独特的光合作用方式、耐旱特性以及作为健康食品的营养价值。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Scientists at Yale University found that purslane can create a new form of photosynthesis (光合作用) that allows this weed to endure drought conditions. “This is a very rare ‘super plant’ — one that could be potentially useful in crop engineering.” said Edwards, a professor of ecology and evolutionary biology.(耶鲁大学的科学家发现马齿苋可以创造一种新的光合作用形式，使这种杂草能够忍受干旱条件。“这是一种非常罕见的‘超级植物’——一种在作物工程中可能有用的植物。”生态学和进化生物学教授爱德华兹说)”可知，耶鲁大学的科学家发现马齿苋能够进行一种新的光合作用方式，使得这种野草能够在干旱条件下生存。这种独特的光合作用方式使得马齿苋成为一种“超级植物”，具有潜在的作物工程应用价值。故选D。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Yale team conducted an analysis of the genes in the leaves of the plant and found that they are totally integrated and operate in the same cells. Understanding how this works could allow scientists to engineer main crops like corn to resist long-lasting droughts. (耶鲁大学的研究小组对植物叶片中的基因进行了分析，发现它们是完全整合的，并在同一个细胞中运作。了解这一原理可以让科学家改造玉米等主要作物来抵御长期干旱)”可知，马齿苋能够在夜间储存二氧化碳，并在白天使用这些储存的二氧化碳进行光合作用的能力使得马齿苋能够比其他植物更能抵抗干旱。故选B。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Growing across the US, purslane has small round leaves, and red, yellow, or pink flowers. You can plant it in your garden just about anywhere. With its sour-salty taste, it is a healthy food rich in vitamins, minerals, and Omega-3s. You can enjoy it raw in salads or cooked as a dish.(马齿苋生长在美国各地，长着小而圆的叶子，开着红色、黄色或粉红色的花。你可以把它种在花园里的任何地方。它的酸味咸味，是一种富含维生素、矿物质和Omega-3s的健康食品。你可以把它放在沙拉里生吃，也可以做菜吃)”可知，马齿苋是一种健康食品，富含维生素、矿物质和Omega-3s。这说明马齿苋在营养方面非常丰富。故选A。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““In terms of engineering the plant into a crop like corn, there is still a lot of work to do before that could become a reality,” Edwards said in the news release.(“就把这种植物改造成玉米这样的作物而言，在它成为现实之前，还有很多工作要做，”Edwards在新闻发布会上说)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了马齿苋这种植物具有一种独特的光合作用方式，使得它在干旱条件下能够生存，并且这种能力在作物工程中具有潜在的应用价值。因此，文章的主要目的是展示马齿苋在作物工程中的潜力。故选D。 D A cohort is a group of people who share a particular characteristic. Typically, the shared characteristic is a life event that took place in a particular time period, like birth or high school graduation. Cohorts often consist of people who have experienced significant life events in the same period, such as starting college the same year or experiencing a natural disaster. The impact of the characteristics of a cohort on the results of a research study is called a cohort effect. Cohort effects influence research results because the shared experiences of a cohort can impact research results. Once a research was done to see how easily people learned to play a mobile game featuring AI. The participants ranged from 20 to 80 years old. The finding showed that compared with the younger participants, the older participants had much more difficulty in learning how to play the game. However, the research finding could also be the result of cohort effects in that older participants would have far less exposure to mobile devices than younger participants, making it more difficult for them to learn how to play the new game. Thus, it is important to take cohort effects into account in research. Cohort effects are a particular issue in studies that use cross-sectional (横断面) methods. In cross-sectional studies, researchers collect and compare data from participants in two or more age-related cohorts at a single point in time. Cross-sectional studies are more efficient but more likely to be affected by cohort effects. Meanwhile, longitudinal (纵向) studies which collect data from the same participants over time, can better guard against cohort effects. These studies observe changes directly, and eliminate cohort effect concerns. However, they are costly and time-consuming. In conclusion, understanding cohort effects is crucial for interpreting research findings accurately. While longitudinal studies offer a solution, their practical limitations leave cross sectional studies as the more common but potentially cohort-influenced method. 12. What does a cohort typically feature? A. The same gender. B. The identical college. C. Some consistent ideal. D. Some shared experience. 13. How does the author explain cohort effects in Paragraph 2? A. By conducting a research. B. By presenting an example. C. By proposing a suggestion. D. By playing a mobile game. 14. What does the underlined word “eliminate” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Remove. B. Consider. C. Raise. D. Increase. 15. What is the text mainly about? A. Ways to improve cohort-influenced researches. B. The development of science research methods. C. The impact of cohort effects on research findings. D. Copmarisons of cross-sectional and longitudinal methods. 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. A 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了群体效应对研究结果的影响。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Cohorts often consist of people who have experienced significant life events in the same period, such as starting college the same year or experiencing a natural disaster. (同期组群通常由在同一时期经历过重大生活事件的人组成，例如同一年开始上大学或经历过自然灾害。)”和第二段中“Cohort effects influence research results because the shared experiences of a cohort can impact research results. (群体效应会影响研究结果，因为群体的共同经历会影响研究结果。)”可知，同期组群具有一些共同的经历。故选D。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Once a research was done to see how easily people learned to play a mobile game featuring AI. The participants ranged from 20 to 80 years old. The finding showed that compared with the younger participants, the older participants had much more difficulty in learning how to play the game. However, the research finding could also be the result of cohort effects in that older participants would have far less exposure to mobile devices than younger participants, making it more difficult for them to learn how to play the new game. Thus, it is important to take cohort effects into account in research. (曾经有一项研究，研究人们学习玩一款人工智能手机游戏的难易程度。参与者的年龄从 20 岁到 80 岁不等。研究结果显示，与年轻参与者相比，年长的参与者在学习如何玩这款游戏方面要困难得多。然而，研究结果也可能是群组效应的结果，因为年长的参与者接触移动设备的机会比年轻参与者少得多，这使得他们更难学习如何玩这款新游戏。因此，在研究中考虑群组效应非常重要。)”可知，作者通过呈现曾经的一个研究，即呈现曾经的一个研究例子来解释群体效应，故选B。 【14题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线单词上文“Meanwhile, longitudinal (纵向) studies which collect data from the same participants over time, can better guard against cohort effects. (与此同时，纵向研究——即在一段时间内收集同一批参与者的数据——可以更好地防范队列效应。)”和划线单词所在句中“These studies observe changes directly, and  eliminate  cohort effect concerns. (这些研究直接观察变化，eliminate队列效应的担忧。)”可知，纵向研究可以更好地防范队列效应，进而会消除人们对队列效应的担忧，由此可知，划线单词意为“消除”，与A项“Remove.(移除)”意思相近，故选A。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章第一段解释了群体的特征，第二段指出群体效应会影响研究结果。第三段和第四段介绍了在横断面方法和纵向研究方法中群体效应的利弊。最后一段进行总结，了解群体效应对于准确解释研究结果至关重要。由此可知，文章主要介绍了群体效应对研究结果的影响，故选C。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 It’s believed that health and happiness are two basics that make up a good life. And the two turn out to be more closely related than we might think. The question of whether one causes the other or if the two are correlated is difficult to figure out. ___16___ It’s difficult to distinguish the relationship between health and happiness. ___17___ Does dealing with a chronic (慢性的) illness consistently worsen mood? Researchers try to answer these questions, but the relationship will always be challenging to say for certain. Happiness is associated with a series of physical health benefits, such as lower blood pressure, reduced risk of heart disease, a stronger immune (免疫的) system, and even a longer life. Positive emotions are also linked to good health in older adults and a reduced risk of injury in young adults. ___18___ People who report feeling a stronger sense of happiness and well-being live longer, on average, than those who report weaker feelings, and the effect exists for both men and women. ___19___ Some research suggests that when people take better care of themselves, they come to feel happier. Some research suggests that people who are healthier just have a more positive attitude to life and the world. Still another research suggests that an essential factor such as genetics or personality contributes to both. Exercise stimulates the body to produce certain chemicals such as hormones (荷尔蒙). ___20___ Exercise also shifts our focus away from current concerns and damaging self-talk and leads us to spend time outside or with others. A. Do certain foods boost happiness? B. Does a happy person also have better health? C. Meanwhile, happiness is related with a longer life. D. However, there’s no doubt that a strong connection exists. E. The exercise we do and the diseases we face all play a role. F. There are various theories for why health may lead to happiness. G. These chemicals are responsible for the feeling of a “runner’s high”. 【答案】16. D 17. B 18. C 19. F 20. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕“健康和幸福之间的关系”这一主题展开，探讨了健康和幸福之间的密切联系。 【16题详解】 根据上文“It’s believed that health and happiness are two basics that make up a good life. And the two turn out to be more closely related than we might think. The question of whether one causes the other or if the two are correlated is difficult to figure out.(人们相信健康和幸福是构成美好生活的两个基本要素。事实证明，这两者的关系比我们想象的要密切得多。究竟是其中一个导致了另一个，还是两者相互关联，这个问题很难弄清楚。)”可知，上文提及健康和幸福之间关系的复杂性。选项D“However, there’s no doubt that a strong connection exists.(然而，毫无疑问，两者之间存在着很强的联系。)”明确指出了健康和幸福之间存在紧密联系，为后文提供了基调。故选D。 【17题详解】 根据空前内容“It’s difficult to distinguish the relationship between health and happiness.(很难区分健康和快乐之间的关系。)”可知，健康和幸福之间的关系很难区分。选项B“Does a happy person also have better health?(一个幸福的人也有更好的健康吗？)”与空后的“Does dealing with a chronic(慢性的)illness consistently worsen mood?(慢性疾病会持续恶化情绪吗？)”共同提出了一个关于幸福和健康之间关系的疑问，即幸福的人是否也有更好的健康。故选B。 【18题详解】 根据上文内容“Happiness is associated with a series of physical health benefits, such as lower blood pressure, reduced risk of heart disease, a stronger immune(免疫的) system, and even a longer life. Positive emotions are also linked to good health in older adults and a reduced risk of injury in young adults.(幸福与一系列身体健康益处有关，比如降低血压，降低患心脏病的风险，增强免疫系统，甚至延长寿命。积极情绪还与老年人的健康状况和年轻人受伤风险的降低有关。)”可知，上文提到的是幸福带来的好处。选项C“Meanwhile, happiness is related with a longer life.(同时，幸福与长寿有关。)”延续上文内容，指的仍是幸福的好处。故选C。 【19题详解】 空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文内容“Some research suggests that when people take better care of themselves, they come to feel happier. Some research suggests that people who are healthier just have a more positive attitude to life and the world. Still another research suggests that an essential factor such as genetics or personality contributes to both.(一些研究表明，当人们更好地照顾自己时，他们会感到更幸福。一些研究表明，更健康的人对生活和世界的态度更积极。还有一项研究表明，基因或性格等基本因素对两者都有影响。)”可知，下文讲述的是关于幸福和健康之间联系的不同研究结果。选项F“There are various theories for why health may lead to happiness.(关于为什么健康会带来幸福，有各种各样的理论。)”明确指出了后文将要探讨的内容，即健康导致幸福的不同理论。故选F。 【20题详解】 根据空前内容“Exercise stimulates the body to produce certain chemicals such as hormones(荷尔蒙).(运动刺激身体产生某些化学物质，如荷尔蒙。)”可知，上文提到运动会让身体产生一些化学物质。选项G“These chemicals are responsible for the feeling of a ‘runner’s high’(这些化学物质是产生“跑步者兴奋感”的原因。)”自然延续上文内容，提出这些化学物质是产生“跑步者兴奋感”的原因。故选G。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Alicia, a black girl, fell in love with dance when she was three years old. But she didn’t realize her ___21___ could help her achieve her career until she led a new training program in the Juilliard School. Over the years, she has been training hard and seizing every ___22___ to participate in professional dance competitions and her fame ___23___ gradually. She even won an ___24___ offered by the Dance Theatre of Harlem at 17. Although she had always been ___25___ as the odd girl because of her color, she felt it all right. Her bright career also ___26___ her performances in well-known dance theaters. Unluckily, she was injured during a training, but she kept going. However, the injuries ___27___ forced her to leave the stage, turning her focus on art education. Consistent with the creative philosophy of Juilliard School, Alicia got ___28___ by the school. She has been buried in dance teaching since then. After she was appointed to be in charge, she became the first youngest woman of color to ___29___ the novel dance program. From then on, she has ____30____ herself to shaking up what is taught and how to make art dance more creative and colorful than ever. Alicia now requires students to ____31____ hip-hop and West African dance courses, which allows them to have more ____32____ to choose techniques that interest them. They are encouraged to come as they are, and that even ____33____ to what they wear to class. “I want them to be as free and ____34____ as they can. I hope that they have ____35____ in their careers and therefore they can make it to the end.” she said with a broad smile. 21. A. courage B. dream C. passion D. confidence 22. A. motive B. action C. duty D. chance 23. A. continued B. spread C. declined D. changed 24. A. experience B. investment C. award D. occupation 25. A. respected B. appointed C. treated D. promoted 26 A. saw B. made C. kept D. affected 27. A. immediately B. exactly C. frequently D. eventually 28. A. rewarded B. accepted C. refused D. punished 29. A. head B. praise C. support D. judge 30. A. adapted B. helped C. applied D. resigned 31. A. open B. improve C. explain D. take 32. A. freedom B. energy C. intelligence D. time 33. A. extends B. sticks C. refers D. contributes 34. A. humorous B. enthusiastic C. modest D. generous 35. A. trouble B. success C. memory D. perseverance 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. A 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了黑人女孩Alicia从小热爱舞蹈，通过不懈努力，在舞蹈领域取得了显著成就。然而，一次受伤迫使她离开舞台，转向艺术教育。在茱莉亚学院，她成为最年轻的负责新舞蹈项目的有色人种女性，致力于改革舞蹈教学，让学生自由、热情地追求舞蹈事业。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但她直到在茱莉亚学院领导一个新的培训项目时，才意识到她的热情可以帮助她实现职业生涯。A. courage勇气；B. dream梦想；C. passion热情；D. confidence信心。根据前文“fell in love with dance”可知，Alicia对舞蹈充满热情，而这种热情最终帮助她实现了职业生涯。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：多年来，她一直努力训练，抓住每一个机会参加专业舞蹈比赛，她的名声逐渐传开。A. motive动机；B. action行动；C. duty职责；D. chance机会。根据下文“participate in professional dance competitions”，可知Alicia抓住机会参加比赛，故选D。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同第二题。A. continued继续；B. spread传播；C. declined下降；D. changed改变。根据下文“She even won an…offered by the Dance Theatre of Harlem at 17.”可知，Alicia获奖了，所以她的名声逐渐传开，故选B。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她甚至在17岁时获得了哈莱姆舞剧院颁发的奖项。A. experience经验；B. investment投资；C. award奖项；D. occupation职业。根据下文“offered by the Dance Theatre of Harlem at 17.”可知，Alicia在17岁时获得了奖项，故选C。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然她总是因为肤色而被视为异类，但她觉得这没关系。A. respected尊重；B. appointed任命；C. treated对待；D. promoted提升。根据下文“as the odd girl”可知，Alicia因为肤色而被视为异类，这是一种对待方式，故选C。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她辉煌的职业生涯也见证了她在知名舞蹈剧院的表演。A. saw见证；B. made制作；C. kept保持；D. affected影响。根据下文“her performances in well-known dance theaters”可知，Alicia的职业生涯见证了她在知名舞蹈剧院的表演，故选A。 【27题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，伤病最终迫使她离开舞台，将注意力转向艺术教育。A. immediately立即；B. exactly确切地；C. frequently频繁地；D. eventually最终。根据下文“forced her to leave the stage, turning her focus on art education”可知，Alicia因伤病，最终不得不离开舞台，故选D。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：与茱莉亚学院的创作理念一致，Alicia被学院接受。A. rewarded奖励；B. accepted接受；C. refused拒绝；D. punished惩罚。根据下文“She has been buried in dance teaching since then”可知，Alicia埋头于舞蹈教学，可推理出被学院接受，故选B。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在被任命为负责人后，她成为第一个负责新舞蹈项目的最年轻的有色人种女性。A. head领导；B. praise赞美；C. support支持；D. judge判断。根据下文“the novel dance program”可知，Alicia成为负责新舞蹈项目的女性，故选A。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，她一直致力于改变教学内容，使艺术舞蹈比以往任何时候都更具创意和色彩。A. adapted适应；B. helped帮助；C. applied勤奋工作；D. resigned辞职。根据下文“shaking up what is taught and how to make art dance more creative and colorful than ever”，可知，Alicia勤奋努力，致力于改变教学内容，apply oneself to固定搭配，意为“专心致志于某事”，故选C。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Alicia现在要求学生参加嘻哈和西非舞蹈课程，这让他们有更多的自由选择他们感兴趣的技术。A. open打开；B. improve提高；C. explain解释；D. take参加。根据下文“hip-hop and West African dance courses”可知，Alicia要求学生参加嘻哈和西非舞蹈课程，故选D。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. freedom自由；B. energy能量；C. intelligence智力；D. time时间。根据下文“I want them to be as free and”可知，学生有更多的自由选择感兴趣的技术，故选A。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们被鼓励做自己，甚至延伸到他们穿什么去上课。A. extends延伸；B. sticks粘贴；C. refers参考；D. contributes贡献。根据下文“what they wear to class”可知，学生的自由延伸到穿着，故选A。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我希望他们尽可能地自由和热情。我希望他们在职业生涯中有毅力，因此他们能够坚持到底。”她笑着说。A. humorous幽默的；B. enthusiastic热情的；C. modest谦虚的；D. generous慷慨的。根据下文“they can make it to the end”可知，Alicia希望学生能坚持到底，自由、热情都是使学生坚持到底的重要品质，可推理出空白处应填表示“热情的”含义的表达，故选B。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同第十四题。A. trouble麻烦；B. success成功；C. memory记忆；D. perseverance毅力。根据下文“they can make it to the end”可知，Alicia希望学生在职业生涯中有毅力并坚持到底，故选D。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分） A 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Adolescence is the time when teenagers easily develop bad habits. These bad habits, if ___36___ (leave) unchecked, could lead to more serious ones when they become adults. They must learn to recognize bad habits early and make appropriate ___37___ (change). To change bad habits, we need to understand ___38___ the “habit cycle” works. Many of us try to change bad habits quickly, but this is not realistic. In fact, the most ___39___ (success) way to change is not suddenly, but over a period of time. 【答案】36. left 37. changes 38. how 39. successful 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了青春期是青少年最容易养成不良习惯的时期，如果不加以纠正，这些习惯在成年后可能会恶化。 【36题详解】 考查状语从句的省略。句意：这些坏习惯如果不加以控制，成年后可能会导致更严重的问题。句子使用if引导状语从句的省略，当主句和从句为同一主语，且从句含有be动词时，从句可以省略主语和be动词，主语these bad habits和动词leave是被动关系，完整从句为if they are left unchecked，省略主语和be动词，故填left。 【37题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：他们必须学会及早识别不良习惯并做出适当的改变。change是可数名词，作宾语，前面无冠词，此处应用复数形式表示泛指，故填changes。 【38题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：要改变不良习惯，我们需要了解“习惯循环”是如何运作的。此处引导宾语从句，从句缺少方式状语，应用how引导，故填how。 【39题详解】 考查形容词。句意：事实上，最成功的改变方式不是突然的，而是经过一段时间的。此处应用形容词successful与the most构造最高级，作定语，修饰名词way，故填successful。 B 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 When I applied to join the expedition, Shackleton turned me down. But I was so enthusiastic about the idea of ___40___ (go) along with them that I secretly went aboard his ship, the Endurance, and hid in a small cupboard. ___41___ (unfortunate), three days after we set off, I ___42___ (discover). Shackleton did not want to turn back so he offered me a job. He assigned me to be a steward, and I served meals for twenty-eight men. 【答案】40. going 41. Unfortunately 42. was discovered 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一个人未经允许偷偷登上探险船并最终被发现的经历。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：但我对和他们一起去的想法是如此热情，以至于我偷偷地登上了他的船，“耐力号”，藏在一个小橱柜里。介词of后接动名词形式。故填going。 【41题详解】 考查副词。句意：不幸的是，我们出发三天后，我被发现了。修饰整个句子，用副词形式。故填Unfortunately。 【42题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：不幸的是，我们出发三天后，我被发现了。事情发生在过去，用一般过去时。主语I与discover之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was discovered。 C 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Before I came to China, the Chinese food I had in America was changed ___43___ (suit) American tastes. Later, when my family and I had just arrived in China, we went to a Sichuan restaurant, ___44___ had been recommended to us by a friend. There, we had the pleasure of experiencing ___45___ entirely new taste: Sichuan pepper corns. We then went to Shandong Province. My favourite dish there was boiled dumplings served with vinegar. 【答案】43. to suit 44. which 45. an 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在不同地方尝试中国美食的经历。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在我来中国之前，我在美国吃的中餐已被改变，以适应美国人的口味。句中用不定式作目的状语。故填to suit。 【44题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：后来，当我和我的家人刚到中国时，我们去了一家四川餐馆，这是一个朋友推荐给我们的。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，句中先行词为Sichuan restaurant，指物，设空处指代先行词从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【45题详解】 考查冠词。句意：在那里，我们有幸体验到了一种全新的味道：花椒。名词taste此处指“味道”为可数名词，指“一种全新的味道”表泛指。且空后entirely是以元音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词an 来修饰。故填an。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分） 根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词的正确形式。 46. When I meet my __________ (截止日期), I can relax and enjoy my holiday. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】deadline 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：当我赶上最后期限时，我就可以放松并享受假期了。“截止日期”为名词deadline，作宾语，此处指一个截止日期，应用单数，故填deadline。 47. She has a good r__________ among her peers for hard work and devotion to the community. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】reputation##eputation 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：她工作努力，对社会有奉献精神，在同龄人中享有良好的声誉。形容词good后接名词形式。根据首字母提示及句意，用名词reputation，表示“声誉”之意。根据不定冠词a可知，用名词的单数形式。故填reputation。 48. The __________ (牙医) advises Tom to have his teeth checked every six months. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】dentist 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：牙医建议汤姆每六个月检查一次牙齿。句中用名词作主语。名词“牙医”英文为dentist。根据谓语动词advises可知，用名词的单数形式。故填dentist。 49. Mary was so a __________ in a book that she did not hear the bell. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】absorbed##bsorbed 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：玛丽全神贯注地看书，连铃声都没听见。be absorbed in全神贯注在……上。根据首字母提示及句意，故填absorbed。 50. Each piece of ________ (家具) in their home suited the style of the house. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】furniture 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们家里的每一件家具都很适合房子的风格。空前是介词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，根据所给中文提示词，应是furniture意为“家具”，为不可数名词。故填furniture。 51. Harry’s __________ (口音) sounds almost Scottish, but he was born and raised in York. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】accent 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：哈里的口音听起来几乎是苏格兰口音，但他是在约克出生和长大的。“口音”为名词accent作主语，由谓语动词sounds可知，应用单数，故填accent。 52. Problems, if any, should be solved without __________ (延迟). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】delay 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：如果有任何问题，应立即解决。without delay 毫不迟延地。根据汉语提示及句意，故填delay。 53. The beggar was so hungry that he c__________ the entire pizza in several minutes. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】consumed##onsumed 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：那个乞丐太饿了，几分钟就吃完了整个披萨。根据首字母提示及句意，用动词consume，表示“消耗；吃喝”之意。根据句中时态可知，陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。故填consumed。 54. The ship sinking, the captain gave the order to a__________ ship. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】abandon##bandon 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：船在下沉，船长下令弃船。空白处在句子中做动词，根据上文“The ship sinking(船在下沉)”和首字母提示，可推测空白处应填表示“放弃”含义的动词，以字母 a 开头表示“放弃”的动词为：abandon，由不定式可知，应用动词原形。故填abandon。 55. China has started to __________ (改革) public hospitals for the benefit of all its citizens. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】reform 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：为了全体公民的利益，中国已经开始改革公立医院。根据汉语提示“改革”及“start to do sth(开始做某事)，可知空白处应填动词原形，表示“改革”含义的动词为：reform。故填reform。 第二节（满分25分） 56. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Matt, a boy with impulse-control (克制冲动) and anger management issues, has just entered my class last week. He had been in so much trouble through the years. As a first-year teacher, I was shocked when he stood up suddenly during my class and pushed his deskmate Sam hard when they were arguing over one question. Later that day, as a punishment, he was suspended (暂停) from lunch break and would have to have lunch alone in the classroom for two weeks. Mat had to earn his lunch break back by proving he could be respectful to others. If he was “good” each day during this period, he'd earn it back. If he wasn't, the process of punishment would restart. Lunch break was very important for students since it was one of the few occasions during the school day when students enjoyed less structure and some time to socialize. Therefore, the punishment was huge for this boy. On the first day, Mat ate quietly and didn't speak much to me. On the third day, however, he began talking. “Listen,” he said. “I'm sorry about ruining your class. I tried to convince Sam that my way to solve the math problem was much better, but he turned a deaf ear to me and said I was too proud.” “I get it, but you can't push others to accept your way.” I said. Over the next few days, Matt remained silent most of the time. He would do his homework while he ate. I tried my best to connect and communicate with him, and even had lunch with him. As he opened up to me more, I learned more about him and understood why he was so bad-tempered. I could tell that he was having a hard time missing all the talking and laughing with others. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 One day, a good idea hit me when I met Sam. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Shortly after Sam joined us for lunch, more students came. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One day, a good idea hit me when I met Sam. I suggested that Matt and Sam could work together on a school project during lunch break. Sam readily agreed, and I was relieved to see Matt's eyes light up with excitement. They started to discuss the project, and Matt shared his ideas passionately without getting angry or pushing anyone. It was a great opportunity for Matt to prove himself and show that he could handle his emotions. Shortly after Sam joined us for lunch, more students came. They were curious about what we were doing and joined the conversation. Matt began to interact with them, sharing his thoughts and listening to theirs. The atmosphere became lively and filled with positive energy. I watched with a smile as Matt slowly fit in and made connections with his classmates. It was a small step, but it gave me hope for his future. I knew that with continued support and guidance, he could overcome his problems and become a better person. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Matt在教室中因冲动控制问题而引发的冲突，以及随后作者如何通过一系列措施帮助Matt改善行为、融入集体，并最终展现出积极变化的过程，展现了一个关于教育、成长和理解的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“有一天，当我遇到Sam时，我突然想到了一个好主意。”以及第二段首句内容“Sam和我们一起吃午饭后不久，又来了更多的学生。”可知，第一段可描写作者想到可以让Sam和Matt一起合作一个项目。 ②由第二段首句内容“Sam和我们一起吃午饭后不久，又来了更多的学生。”可知，第二段可描写随着越来越多的学生的加入，Matt也变得越来越好相处。 2.续写线索：作者的学生Matt在课堂上和同桌Sam起了冲突，作者非常震惊——作为惩罚，Matt被禁止午休，并且在教室内独自吃午饭——一开始，Matt非常安静——第三天，Matt开始解释自己的行为——作者开始了解Matt的行为，并开始想办法帮助Matt——作者提出让Sam和Matt一起合作一个项目——在这个过程中，Matt也开始能控制自己的情绪——随着越来越多的学生的加入，Matt也变得越来越好 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①建议：suggest/advise ②控制：handle/control ③充满了：be filled with/be full of 情绪类 ①兴奋地：with excitement/excitedly ②热烈地：passionately/with passion/enthusiastically 【点睛】【高分句型1】I suggested that Matt and Sam could work together on a school project during lunch break.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】It was a great opportunity for Matt to prove himself and show that he could handle his emotions.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 绝密☆启用并使用完毕前 2024年7月济南市高二期末学习质量检测 英语试题 本试卷共12页。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What time is it now? A. 3: 00 pm. B. 3: 11 pm. C. 3: 21 pm. 2. What color is Paul's T-shirt? A. White. B. Black. C. Brown. 3. What does the woman need to take on the trip? A. A tent. B. The fee. C. Dishes. 4. What will the woman do in June? A. Go on holiday. B. Stay at home. C. Go to work. 5. What happened to the woman? A. She lost her first-aid box. B. She hurried to hospital. C. She cut her finger. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why does the man ask the woman for help? A. He is mad at his boss. B. He feels sick. C. He has trouble with work. 7. What will the man do? A. Go to work. B. Have lunch. C. Ask for a leave. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8 Who is wanted on the phone? A. Brown. B. Thomas. C. Peter. 9. What is the man's message about? A. A visit to a factory. B. A decision about a visit. C. A meeting about a factory. 听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。 10. How long did the woman stay in Greece? A. Two weeks. B. Three weeks. C. Four weeks. 11. Where will the man go on holiday? A. Canada. B. France. C. The US. 12. What did the woman do for her first trip abroad? A. Meet a friend. B. Go sightseeing. C. Visit relatives. 13. What would the man probably talk about next? A. Where to travel. B. How to save money. C. Why to leave Europe. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. How much did the woman pay for her ticket? A. £2. 95. B. £6. 50. C. £8. 15. How did the woman go to the museum? A. By bus. B. By subway. C. On foot. 16. What did the woman have for lunch? A. A coffee. B. A hot meal. C. A sandwich. 17. When will the man see the exhibition? A. April 23rd. B. April 24th. C. April 27th. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Which is the most popular theme park in Canada? A. Playland. B. Splash Works Water Park. C. Paramount Canada's Wonderland. 19. What do we know about the second park? A. It's free for kids. B. It's a water park. C. It borders the first park. 20. What is special of the third park? A. It has a wave pool. B. It has a long history. C. It opens year around. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Half Price Books summer reading program, called Summer Reading Camp, gives out free Half Price Books gift cards to kids who read for at least 300 minutes during the months of June and July. This program is for kids from preschool to 14 years of age, in 8th grade or under. There’s also a limit of one reading log (日志) per month for each child. How to Get Free Gift Cards from the Half Price Books Summer Reading Program Visit Summer Reading Camp and register. As the summer program gets closer, you'll receive more information in your email. Each day your child reads during June and July, have them write the number of minutes they’ve read on that day on the calendar. The goal is to read for at least 15 minutes each day of the week. At the end of each week, kids can add up their week’s total minutes and have a grown-up sign it. After the child has read at least 300 minutes, fill out their name, age, and total minutes, as well as your name, email, and location information. Cut out the completed part of the form and bring it to your local Half Price Books to get your reward. Encouraging Your Child through the Half Price Books Summer Reading Program When your kids are finished with a week, a month, or the whole program, you can fill out a Best Reader Award to keep them encouraged about their progress. As for what your child reads this summer, Half Price Books has put together a list of staff picks by grade level, best alphabet books, 40 books every child should read, and 21 books to start the baby's library. 1. Who can attend Summer Reading Camp? A. A 4-month baby. B. A 15-year-old girl. C. A primary school boy. D. A college graduate. 2. How can daily reading be guaranteed in this program? A. By cutting out the forms. B. By submitting reading logs. C. By filling out total reading minutes D. By keeping records on the calendar. 3. What can parents do to encourage their children to read? A. Present a reading award. B. Buy recommended books. C. Give suggestions on reading D. Share post-reading feedback. B Matthew Weihmuller, despite being blind from birth, earned his master’s degree in music at Florida State University. He also tours with a band that shows elements of jazz and rock. Additionally, he is a composer, using specialized music technology for the blind. He frequently engages as a speaker, having been a guest lecturer at John Hopkins University. While explaining his shift from performance to teaching, Weihmuller said, “All great performers teach, and it’s the only way to pass along this craft, especially about jazz music. I found that teaching became more my calling than performing. I wanted to make a difference, and that was really important to me.” Innovatively, Weihmuller uses a unique teaching method to enhance communication among jazz students. When practising a play, he turns off the lights, removes the visualelements and forces students to rely more on their other senses. They have to feel their instrument with their fingers and hands. Weihmuller’s own blindness has fueled his mastery of other senses, particularly crucial in playing jazz. “You have to turn your disadvantage into an advantage. Where there is a will, there is a way.” Weihmuller said. Reflecting on his early struggles with sheet music, Weihmuller recalled the challenge of obtaining braille (盲文) music, which was not as accessible then as it is today. To overcome this obstacle, he had to create his own braille music, a process that continued through his college years. Weihmuller has a strong desire to influence his students with value of perseverance and musical progression. His ultimate goal is to inspire others facing challenges and disabilities. He added, “I do hope that when they leave my classroom, they’re not only better musicians but also better people.” 4. What can we learn about Weihmuller from Paragraph 1? A. He has multiple roles. B. He owns a music band. C. He complains of his disability. D. He gives talks worldwide. 5. What drives Weihmuller to turn to music teaching? A. The duty to help performers. B. The strong desire to succeed. C. The will to pass down music. D. The aim to gain independence. 6. Why did Weihmuller turn off lights in his music class? A. To reduce students’ anxiety. B. To train physical abilities. C. To teach students better. D. To test learning results. 7. Which of the following can best describe Weihmuller? A. Outgoing and caring. B. Courageous and honest. C. Creative and determined. D. Knowledgeable and patient. C Most people think that weeds are something to be pulled up and thrown away. Now, purslane (马齿苋) may be the key to creating drought resistant crops in a world that is getting warmer. Scientists at Yale University found that purslane can create a new form of photosynthesis (光合作用) that allows this weed to endure drought conditions. “This is a very rare ‘super plant’ — one that could be potentially useful in crop engineering.” said Edwards, a professor of ecology and evolutionary biology. Purslane actually enhances its photosynthesis efficiency to match the high levels found in plants like corn, which enables it to maintain productivity under high temperatures. On the other hand, this plant employs a special way of photosynthesis. It stores carbon dioxide at night and uses it during the day, which makes it remarkably resistant to heat. The uniqueness of purslane lies in these two characteristics. Yale team conducted an analysis of the genes in the leaves of the plant and found that they are totally integrated and operate in the same cells. Understanding how this works could allow scientists to engineer main crops like corn to resist long-lasting droughts. Growing across the US, purslane has small round leaves, and red, yellow, or pink flowers. You can plant it in your garden just about anywhere. With its sour-salty taste, it is a healthy food rich in vitamins, minerals, and Omega-3s. You can enjoy it raw in salads or cooked as a dish. “In terms of engineering the plant into a crop like corn, there is still a lot of work to do before that could become a reality,” Edwards said in the news release. Finding and growing new food crops that can survive the effects of climate change is a win-win for a planet that is getting hotter and drier. Who knew this common weed could be the key? 8. What makes purslane a “super plant” according to Paragraph 2? A. Its unique taste and color. B. Its ability to grow anywhere. C. Its high capacity in storing water. D. Its uncommon way of photosynthesis. 9. What is the advantage of purslane’s storing carbon dioxide at night? A Increasing its productivity. B. Helping it to resist drought. C. Allowing it to grow faster. D. Reducing its need for sunlight. 10. What can we learn about purslane as food? A. It is rich in nutrition. B. It is not widely accepted. C. It is not suitable in salads. D. It is mainly cooked as a dish. 11. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To promote the planting of purslane. B. To warn readers of the danger of the weed. C To describe different types of photosynthesis. D. To show purslane’s potential in crop engineering. D A cohort is a group of people who share a particular characteristic. Typically, the shared characteristic is a life event that took place in a particular time period, like birth or high school graduation. Cohorts often consist of people who have experienced significant life events in the same period, such as starting college the same year or experiencing a natural disaster. The impact of the characteristics of a cohort on the results of a research study is called a cohort effect. Cohort effects influence research results because the shared experiences of a cohort can impact research results. Once a research was done to see how easily people learned to play a mobile game featuring AI. The participants ranged from 20 to 80 years old. The finding showed that compared with the younger participants, the older participants had much more difficulty in learning how to play the game. However, the research finding could also be the result of cohort effects in that older participants would have far less exposure to mobile devices than younger participants, making it more difficult for them to learn how to play the new game. Thus, it is important to take cohort effects into account in research. Cohort effects are a particular issue in studies that use cross-sectional (横断面) methods. In cross-sectional studies, researchers collect and compare data from participants in two or more age-related cohorts at a single point in time. Cross-sectional studies are more efficient but more likely to be affected by cohort effects. Meanwhile, longitudinal (纵向) studies which collect data from the same participants over time, can better guard against cohort effects. These studies observe changes directly, and eliminate cohort effect concerns. However, they are costly and time-consuming. In conclusion, understanding cohort effects is crucial for interpreting research findings accurately. While longitudinal studies offer a solution, their practical limitations leave cross sectional studies as the more common but potentially cohort-influenced method. 12. What does a cohort typically feature? A. The same gender. B. The identical college. C. Some consistent ideal. D. Some shared experience. 13. How does the author explain cohort effects in Paragraph 2? A. By conducting a research. B. By presenting an example. C. By proposing a suggestion. D. By playing a mobile game. 14. What does the underlined word “eliminate” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Remove. B. Consider. C. Raise. D. Increase. 15. What is the text mainly about? A Ways to improve cohort-influenced researches. B. The development of science research methods. C. The impact of cohort effects on research findings. D. Copmarisons of cross-sectional and longitudinal methods. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 It’s believed that health and happiness are two basics that make up a good life. And the two turn out to be more closely related than we might think. The question of whether one causes the other or if the two are correlated is difficult to figure out. ___16___ It’s difficult to distinguish the relationship between health and happiness. ___17___ Does dealing with a chronic (慢性的) illness consistently worsen mood? Researchers try to answer these questions, but the relationship will always be challenging to say for certain. Happiness is associated with a series of physical health benefits, such as lower blood pressure, reduced risk of heart disease, a stronger immune (免疫的) system, and even a longer life. Positive emotions are also linked to good health in older adults and a reduced risk of injury in young adults. ___18___ People who report feeling a stronger sense of happiness and well-being live longer, on average, than those who report weaker feelings, and the effect exists for both men and women. ___19___ Some research suggests that when people take better care of themselves, they come to feel happier. Some research suggests that people who are healthier just have a more positive attitude to life and the world. Still another research suggests that an essential factor such as genetics or personality contributes to both. Exercise stimulates the body to produce certain chemicals such as hormones (荷尔蒙). ___20___ Exercise also shifts our focus away from current concerns and damaging self-talk and leads us to spend time outside or with others. A. Do certain foods boost happiness? B. Does a happy person also have better health? C. Meanwhile, happiness is related with a longer life. D. However, there’s no doubt that a strong connection exists. E. The exercise we do and the diseases we face all play a role. F. There are various theories for why health may lead to happiness. G. These chemicals are responsible for the feeling of a “runner’s high”. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Alicia, a black girl, fell in love with dance when she was three years old. But she didn’t realize her ___21___ could help her achieve her career until she led a new training program in the Juilliard School. Over the years, she has been training hard and seizing every ___22___ to participate in professional dance competitions and her fame ___23___ gradually. She even won an ___24___ offered by the Dance Theatre of Harlem at 17. Although she had always been ___25___ as the odd girl because of her color, she felt it all right. Her bright career also ___26___ her performances in well-known dance theaters. Unluckily, she was injured during a training, but she kept going. However, the injuries ___27___ forced her to leave the stage, turning her focus on art education. Consistent with the creative philosophy of Juilliard School, Alicia got ___28___ by the school. She has been buried in dance teaching since then. After she was appointed to be in charge, she became the first youngest woman of color to ___29___ the novel dance program. From then on, she has ____30____ herself to shaking up what is taught and how to make art dance more creative and colorful than ever. Alicia now requires students to ____31____ hip-hop and West African dance courses, which allows them to have more ____32____ to choose techniques that interest them. They are encouraged to come as they are, and that even ____33____ to what they wear to class. “I want them to be as free and ____34____ as they can. I hope that they have ____35____ in their careers and therefore they can make it to the end.” she said with a broad smile. 21. A. courage B. dream C. passion D. confidence 22. A. motive B. action C. duty D. chance 23. A. continued B. spread C. declined D. changed 24. A. experience B. investment C. award D. occupation 25. A. respected B. appointed C. treated D. promoted 26. A. saw B. made C. kept D. affected 27. A. immediately B. exactly C. frequently D. eventually 28. A. rewarded B. accepted C. refused D. punished 29. A. head B. praise C. support D. judge 30. A. adapted B. helped C. applied D. resigned 31. A. open B. improve C. explain D. take 32. A. freedom B. energy C. intelligence D. time 33. A. extends B. sticks C. refers D. contributes 34. A. humorous B. enthusiastic C. modest D. generous 35. A. trouble B. success C. memory D. perseverance 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分） A 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Adolescence is the time when teenagers easily develop bad habits. These bad habits, if ___36___ (leave) unchecked, could lead to more serious ones when they become adults. They must learn to recognize bad habits early and make appropriate ___37___ (change). To change bad habits, we need to understand ___38___ the “habit cycle” works. Many of us try to change bad habits quickly, but this is not realistic. In fact, the most ___39___ (success) way to change is not suddenly, but over a period of time. B 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 When I applied to join the expedition, Shackleton turned me down. But I was so enthusiastic about the idea of ___40___ (go) along with them that I secretly went aboard his ship, the Endurance, and hid in a small cupboard. ___41___ (unfortunate), three days after we set off, I ___42___ (discover). Shackleton did not want to turn back so he offered me a job. He assigned me to be a steward, and I served meals for twenty-eight men. C 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Before I came to China, the Chinese food I had in America was changed ___43___ (suit) American tastes. Later, when my family and I had just arrived in China, we went to a Sichuan restaurant, ___44___ had been recommended to us by a friend. There, we had the pleasure of experiencing ___45___ entirely new taste: Sichuan pepper corns. We then went to Shandong Province. My favourite dish there was boiled dumplings served with vinegar. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分） 根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词的正确形式。 46. When I meet my __________ (截止日期), I can relax and enjoy my holiday. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 47. She has a good r__________ among her peers for hard work and devotion to the community. (根据首字母单词拼写) 48. The __________ (牙医) advises Tom to have his teeth checked every six months. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 49. Mary was so a __________ in a book that she did not hear the bell. (根据首字母单词拼写) 50. Each piece of ________ (家具) in their home suited the style of the house. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 51. Harry’s __________ (口音) sounds almost Scottish, but he was born and raised in York. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 52. Problems, if any, should be solved without __________ (延迟). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 53. The beggar was so hungry that he c__________ the entire pizza in several minutes. (根据首字母单词拼写) 54. The ship sinking, the captain gave the order to a__________ ship. (根据首字母单词拼写) 55. China has started to __________ (改革) public hospitals for the benefit of all its citizens. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 第二节（满分25分） 56. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Matt, a boy with impulse-control (克制冲动) and anger management issues, has just entered my class last week. He had been in so much trouble through the years. As a first-year teacher, I was shocked when he stood up suddenly during my class and pushed his deskmate Sam hard when they were arguing over one question. Later that day, as a punishment, he was suspended (暂停) from lunch break and would have to have lunch alone in the classroom for two weeks. Mat had to earn his lunch break back by proving he could be respectful to others. If he was “good” each day during this period, he'd earn it back. If he wasn't, the process of punishment would restart. Lunch break was very important for students since it was one of the few occasions during the school day when students enjoyed less structure and some time to socialize. Therefore, the punishment was huge for this boy. On the first day, Mat ate quietly and didn't speak much to me. On the third day, however, he began talking. “Listen,” he said. “I'm sorry about ruining your class. I tried to convince Sam that my way to solve the math problem was much better, but he turned a deaf ear to me and said I was too proud.” “I get it, but you can't push others to accept your way.” I said. Over the next few days, Matt remained silent most of the time. He would do his homework while he ate. I tried my best to connect and communicate with him, and even had lunch with him. As he opened up to me more, I learned more about him and understood why he was so bad-tempered. I could tell that he was having a hard time missing all the talking and laughing with others. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 One day, a good idea hit me when I met Sam. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Shortly after Sam joined us for lunch, more students came. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$