专题02 形容词和副词-【好题汇编】5年（2020-2024）高考真题+1年模拟英语分类汇编（北京专用）

【好题汇编】五年（2020-2024）高考英语 真题分类汇编（北京专用）解析版 专题02 形容词和副词 考点 五年考情（2020-2024） 命题趋势 形容词和副词用法 （5年5考） 2024：/ 1.形容词和副词的句法功能； 2.形容词和副词的词性转换； 3.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级也是近几年考查的重点之一。 2023： 12 (exact) :exactly 2022：___19____ (bad) :worse 2021：___16____（safe）:safely 2020：___2___(luck):lucky ___10____（smart）:smarter 1.【2023北京卷】Every culture is riddled with unwritten rules, such as ones on punctuality (守时). I’m British. Soon after moving to Switzerland, I 1111．threw (throw) a house-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up 12 (exact) on time. Years later, having moved to France. 【答案】exactly 【解析】考查副词。句意：搬到瑞士后不久，我要举办一个乔迁派对，当所有30位客人都准时出现时，我感到非常惊讶。此处修饰介词短语on time，应用副词exactly，作状语。故填exactly。 2.【2022年北京卷】That’s a big problem and it is getting even ____19____ (bad). 【答案】worse 【解析】考查比较级。句意：这是个大问题，而且越来越严重。even“甚至”常置于比较级前，所以此处用worse，故填worse。 3.【2021年北京卷】Sam walked her to a nearby convenience store so that she could ____16____（safe） wait for the police to take her home． 【16题详解】safely 考查副词。句意：山姆带她去了附近的一家便利店，这样她就可以安全地等警察带她回家了。修饰动词wait用副词作状语，故填safely。 4.【2020年北京卷】 Oliver says if you're___2___(luck) enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them___3___you can join in when it's possible. 【2题详解】 考查形容词。句意：奥利弗说，如果你足够幸运，身边有一个喜欢烹饪的人。空前有be动词，所以空处填形容词做表语。故填lucky。 【3题详解】 考查连词。句意：问他们你是否有可能加入他们。____ you can join in when it's possible.是宾语从句，从句成分完整，但缺“是否”的意思，故填if/whether。 5.【2020年北京卷】They were much stronger than modern humans, but it's long been assumed that human ancestors were____10____（smart）than the Neanderthals. However, the stone tool made by Neanderthals suggests otherwise. 【10题详解】 考查形容词的比较级。句意：但长期以来，人们一直认为人类祖先比尼安德特人更聪明。设空处前为were设空处应用形容词，设空处后的than表示比较，应用比较级。故答案为smarter。 Passage 01 【2024年北京市延庆区高三一模】Shenzhou XVII crew members completed their first spacewalk on 22nd December, 2023, completing a host of tasks outside the Tiangong space station. It was the 14th spacewalk 11 (conduct) by Chinese astronauts. There are a lot of science and technology assignments for them 12 (perform) during the remaining days of their stay in orbit. Since their arrival, the astronauts 13 (examine) and maintained equipment and made preparations for their spacewalk. 【答案】11．conducted 12．to perform 13．have examined 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲的是神舟十七号机组人员在天宫空间站外行走的情况。 11．考查过去分词。句意：这是中国宇航员进行的第14次太空行走。空处应填非谓语动词， the 14th spacewalk与conduct之间为被动关系，应用过去分词表示被动，作后置定语。故填conducted。 12．考查不定式。句意：在他们停留在轨道上的剩余日子里，他们要完成许多科学和技术任务。由句意及空后的during the remaining days of their stay in orbit可知此处表示将来的动作且them与perform之间为主动关系，应用不定式的主动形式to perform。故填to perform。 13．考查动词时态。句意：自抵达以来，宇航员已经检查和维护了设备，并为太空行走做准备。空处应填谓语动词，由句意及时间状语Since their arrival可知应用现在完成时，并且根据maintained equipment and made preparations可知并列谓语，所以不能用现在完成进行时，表示自从抵达以来，她们已经完成了这些事情。故填have examined。 Passage 02 【2024年北京市东城区高三一模】When I lived in Boston, I taught English as a second language to adult students from around the world. On the last day, they threw a nice party. I was amazed they had learned enough English 11 (organize) such an event altogether. At the end of the party, they proudly handed me a gift box. After the box 12 (open), I gently lifted a beautiful coat from it. “We went shopping for a new coat!” they all shouted 13 wonderfully perfect English. 【答案】11．to organize 12．was opened 13．in 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。一位教师在波士顿教授来自世界各地的成人学生学习英语，学生取得了很大的语言进步。 11．考查动词不定式。句意：我很惊讶他们学到了足够的英语足以组织这样一个活动。由enough可知，此处使用动词不定式作结果状语，表示“……多到足以做某事”，故填to organize。 12．考查时态和语态。句意：盒子打开后，我轻轻地从里面拿出一件漂亮的外套。根据“I gently lifted a beautiful coat from it.”以及box承受open的动作可知，从句的谓语动词使用一般过去时的被动语态，box为单数，故填was opened。 13．考查介词。句意：我们去买一件新外套！他们都用非常完美的英语喊道。使用某种语言用介词in，故填in。 Passage 03 【2024年北京市房山区高三一模】Saturday not only marked the last day of China’s 2024 Spring Festival holiday, but also closed out the eight-day domestic film period, 14 ended strongly as the highest-grossing Chinese New Year holiday in the history of domestic cinema. According to a report, over 163 million people 15 (go) to cinemas, a 26% increase from the 2023 Spring Festival holiday. And box-office sales reached more than 8 billion yuan, up 18% 16 (compare) to last year’s holiday period. 【答案】14．which 15．went 16．compared 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是周六不仅是中国2024年春节假期的最后一天，也是为期8天的国产电影档期的最后一天，该档期以国产电影史上票房最高的春节假期强势结束。 14．考查定语从句。句意：周六不仅是中国2024年春节假期的最后一天，也是为期8天的国产电影档期的最后一天，该档期以国产电影史上票房最高的春节假期强势结束。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词film period是指电影档期，因此空格处用which引导非限制性定语从句，故填which。 15．考查时态。句意：根据一份报告，超过1.63亿人去电影院，比2023年春节假期增加了26%。根据语境可知，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式went，故填went。 16．考查非谓语动词。句意：票房收入超过80亿元，比去年同期增长18%。分析句子结构可知，句中谓语是reached，空格处用非谓语动词，box-office sales和compare之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，故填compared。 Passage 04 【2024年北京市朝阳区高三一模】Zhao Chuang is a science artist working in Beijing, 11 job bridges science and art by painting and sculpturing ancient extinct species. Zhao reproduces each element described in papers on the history of life in an artistic way, and the 12 (blank) in scientific research are filled by his logic and imagination. His painting of a prehistoric flying animal became the cover of important scientific journal Nature in 2006, a highlight in his career 13 a science artist. 【答案】11．whose 12．blanks 13．as 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了科学艺术家赵闯的工作内容和他的艺术作品。 11．考查定语从句。句意：赵闯是一名在北京工作的科学艺术家，他的工作是通过绘画和雕塑古代灭绝物种来连接科学和艺术。分析句子可知，空处缺少关系词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为a science artist，作从句中job的定语，表示所属关系，用关系代词whose引导从句。故填whose。 12．考查名词。句意：他以艺术的方式再现了生命史论文中所描述的每一个元素，科学研究中的空白也被他的逻辑和想象所填补。分析句子可知，and连接两个并列的句子，空处作后一个句子的主语，结合are可知，此处主语为复数。故填blanks。 13．考查介词。句意：2006年，他的一幅史前飞行动物的画作成为重要科学杂志《自然》的封面，这是他作为科学艺术家生涯中的一个亮点。分析句子可知，science artist为名词词组，空处缺少介词，表示“作为”用as。故填as。 Passage 05 【2024年北京市海淀区高三一模】A parent’s nightmare turned to relief in Florida as policemen swiftly rescued a missing five-year-old girl with autism. The local police launched a desperate search, 11 (use) air and ground efforts. Thermal imaging (热成像) 12 (lead) to the discovery of her in a swampy area. A body-worn camera captured the heroic moment of her rescue. 13 policemen’s quick response, she was found unharmed. The public praised the team’s efficiency in turning 14 could have been a tragedy into a heartwarming reunion. 【答案】11．using 12．led 13．With 14．what 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了在佛罗里达州，警方成功利用热成像技术找到一名失踪的五岁自闭症女孩，避免了悲剧发生，使她与家人重新团聚。 11．考查现在分词。句意：当地警方动用空中和地面力量展开了绝望的搜索。分析句子结构可知，use在句子中不作为谓语动词使用，它和“the local police”之间为主动关系，因此使用现在分词作状语，故填using。 12．考查时态。句意：热成像发现她是在一个沼泽地区。根据上下文可知，句子描述的事情发生在过去，动词使用一般过去时，故填led。 13．考查介词。句意：由于警察的迅速反应，她才安然无恙。此处应该填入介词，表示“由于，因为”且只能填入一个词，故填With。 14．考查宾语从句。句意：公众赞扬了该团队的效率，将原本可能发生的悲剧变成了一场暖心的团聚。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“……事物”，因此使用what引导宾语从句，故填what。 Passage 06 【2024年北京市西城区高三二模】In 2022, to preserve China’s wetlands, a law 11 (introduce) to restrict construction and prohibit harmful 12 (activity) such as overgrazing, overharvesting, and wastewater discharge in important national wetlands. Since the implementation (实施) of these measures, there 13 (be) an increase in the number of birds observed wintering in the nation’s wetlands. In February, the forestry bureau in Hunan province reported 72 species of waterbirds that spent the previous winter at Dongting Lake. Black-faced spoonbills, 14 rare and endangered species, were sighted at Dongting after a five-year absence. 【答案】11．was introduced 12．activities 13．has been 14．a 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，文章主要介绍了中国湿地保护的立法措施及其对湿地鸟类保护带来的积极影响。 11．考查时态和语态。句意：2022年，为了保护湿地，中国出台了一项法律，限制在国家重要湿地建设，禁止过度放牧、过度采伐、排放废水等有害活动。根据“In 2022”可知，用一般过去时态，“a law”为单数意义并承受谓语动词introduce的动作，则此处应使用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was introduced。 12．考查名词复数。句意：2022年，为了保护湿地，中国出台了一项法律，限制在国家重要湿地建设，禁止过度放牧、过度采伐、排放废水等有害活动。activity是可数名词，前面没有表示单数意义的限定词，则它需要变复数表示“泛指”，故填activities。 13．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自实施这些措施以来，在全国湿地越冬的鸟类数量有所增加。根据状语“Since the implementation of these measures”可知，谓语动词应该使用现在完成时，主语“an increase”为单数意义，故填has been。 14．考查冠词。句意：罕见的濒危物种黑脸琵鹭时隔5年再次出现在洞庭。此处species为可数名词单数形式，指“黑脸琵鹭”这一物种，应该用不定冠词，rare是以辅音音素开头的单词，因此使用不定冠词a，故填a。 ( 6 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 【好题汇编】五年（2020-2024）高考英语 真题分类汇编（北京专用）原卷版 专题02 形容词和副词 考点 五年考情（2020-2024） 命题趋势 形容词和副词用法 （5年5考） 2024：/ 1.形容词和副词的句法功能； 2.形容词和副词的词性转换； 3.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级也是近几年考查的重点之一。 2023： 12 (exact) :exactly 2022：___19____ (bad) :worse 2021：___16____（safe）:safely 2020：___2___(luck):lucky ___10____（smart）:smarter 1.【2023北京卷】Every culture is riddled with unwritten rules, such as ones on punctuality (守时). I’m British. Soon after moving to Switzerland, I 1111．threw (throw) a house-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up 12 (exact) on time. Years later, having moved to France. 2.【2022年北京卷】That’s a big problem and it is getting even ____19____ (bad). 3.【2021年北京卷】Sam walked her to a nearby convenience store so that she could ____16____（safe） wait for the police to take her home． 4.【2020年北京卷】 Oliver says if you're___2___(luck) enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them___3___you can join in when it's possible. 5.【2020年北京卷】They were much stronger than modern humans, but it's long been assumed that human ancestors were____10____（smart）than the Neanderthals. However, the stone tool made by Neanderthals suggests otherwise. Passage 01 【2024年北京市延庆区高三一模】Shenzhou XVII crew members completed their first spacewalk on 22nd December, 2023, completing a host of tasks outside the Tiangong space station. It was the 14th spacewalk 11 (conduct) by Chinese astronauts. There are a lot of science and technology assignments for them 12 (perform) during the remaining days of their stay in orbit. Since their arrival, the astronauts 13 (examine) and maintained equipment and made preparations for their spacewalk. Passage 02 【2024年北京市东城区高三一模】When I lived in Boston, I taught English as a second language to adult students from around the world. On the last day, they threw a nice party. I was amazed they had learned enough English 11 (organize) such an event altogether. At the end of the party, they proudly handed me a gift box. After the box 12 (open), I gently lifted a beautiful coat from it. “We went shopping for a new coat!” they all shouted 13 wonderfully perfect English. Passage 03 【2024年北京市房山区高三一模】Saturday not only marked the last day of China’s 2024 Spring Festival holiday, but also closed out the eight-day domestic film period, 14 ended strongly as the highest-grossing Chinese New Year holiday in the history of domestic cinema. According to a report, over 163 million people 15 (go) to cinemas, a 26% increase from the 2023 Spring Festival holiday. And box-office sales reached more than 8 billion yuan, up 18% 16 (compare) to last year’s holiday period. Passage 04 【2024年北京市朝阳区高三一模】Zhao Chuang is a science artist working in Beijing, 11 job bridges science and art by painting and sculpturing ancient extinct species. Zhao reproduces each element described in papers on the history of life in an artistic way, and the 12 (blank) in scientific research are filled by his logic and imagination. His painting of a prehistoric flying animal became the cover of important scientific journal Nature in 2006, a highlight in his career 13 a science artist. Passage 05 【2024年北京市海淀区高三一模】A parent’s nightmare turned to relief in Florida as policemen swiftly rescued a missing five-year-old girl with autism. The local police launched a desperate search, 11 (use) air and ground efforts. Thermal imaging (热成像) 12 (lead) to the discovery of her in a swampy area. A body-worn camera captured the heroic moment of her rescue. 13 policemen’s quick response, she was found unharmed. The public praised the team’s efficiency in turning 14 could have been a tragedy into a heartwarming reunion. Passage 06 【2024年北京市西城区高三二模】In 2022, to preserve China’s wetlands, a law 11 (introduce) to restrict construction and prohibit harmful 12 (activity) such as overgrazing, overharvesting, and wastewater discharge in important national wetlands. Since the implementation (实施) of these measures, there 13 (be) an increase in the number of birds observed wintering in the nation’s wetlands. In February, the forestry bureau in Hunan province reported 72 species of waterbirds that spent the previous winter at Dongting Lake. Black-faced spoonbills, 14 rare and endangered species, were sighted at Dongting after a five-year absence. ( 6 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$