专题02 形容词和副词(北京专用)-【好题汇编】5年（2021-2025）高考1年模拟英语真题分类汇编

专题02 形容词和副词(北京专用) 考点 五年考情（2021-2025） 命题趋势 形容词和副词用法 （5年5考） 2025： 11 (peace)：peaceful 14 (long)：longer 2023： 12 (exact) :exactly 2022： 19 (bad) :worse 2021： 16 （safe）:safely 形容词和副词的句法功能；形容词和副词的词性转换；形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法。 1. (2025·北京·高考)It’s ____11____ (peace), especially around sunset. 2.(2025·北京·高考)Maybe this morning you debated whether to get up or stay in bed slightly ____14____ (long). 3.(2023·北京·高考)Every culture is riddled with unwritten rules, such as ones on punctuality (守时). I’m British. Soon after moving to Switzerland, I 11． (throw) a house-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up 12 (exact) on time. Years later, having moved to France. 4.(2022·北京·高考)That’s a big problem and it is getting even ____19____ (bad). 5.(2021·北京·高考)Sam walked her to a nearby convenience store so that she could ____16____（safe） wait for the police to take her home． 1 （2025届北京市第十一中学高三下学期三模英语试题)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Over the past decade, campaigners, supported by environmental studies, 1 (encourage) us to buy local foods. This reduces “food miles,” 2 refers to the distance food travels from producer to retailer. They argue that the higher the food miles, the greater the carbon emissions. Therefore, buying local food has a 3 (low) carbon footprint and is more environmentally friendly. However, the truth is more complex. We trust consider the entire farming process, including factors like fertilization and irrigation, not merely transportation. 2 （2025届北京师范大学附属中学高三下学期三模英语试题)阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Here are some ways for you to fight 1 anger. Firstly, accept that people will frustrate you. Realizing that no-one is perfect is a good start to avoiding getting angry. Secondly, stop 2 (try) to manage your anger. A better way of facing up to anger is to identify the root cause. Once you know 3 you get mad, it is possible to deal with the cause. Lastly, don’t take the easy way. A reaction like throwing something, hitting someone, or screaming is the easy way. By learning to control, you can become 4 (calm) and less violent. 3 （2025届北京市昌平区高三下学期二模英语试题)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 While social media has connected people globally, its overuse may harm mental health. Teenagers spending hours scrolling short videos often feel lonely, 1 (lack) real communication. Studies 2 (conduct) in 2023 show that 60% of users compare their lives to others’ posts, leading to anxiety. However, used 3 (wise), these platforms can promote cultural exchange. Educators suggest limiting screen time and engaging 4 offline some activities. After all, technology is meant to serve humans, not control them. 4 （2025届北京市精华学校高三下学期三模英语试题) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 AI companionship has emerged as a growing trend, with companies racing to develop products 1 (range) from chatbots to wearable devices. These items sit at the crossroads of two complex issues: AI and the loneliness epidemic (流行病). As technology reshapes 2 we interact with others, more and more people report feeling 3 (social) isolated. In 2023, the WHO declared loneliness a “global public health concern” that is as bad for people’s health as smoking 15 cigarettes a day. Given this, it makes sense that people’s responses to this AI companion trend are mixed. 5 （2025届北京市昌平区高三下学期二模英语试题)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Research shows that people are more likely to maintain an exercise routine if they enjoy the activities they choose. If the exercise you are doing is not enjoyable, your motivation will gradually decrease. So you need to find 1 interests you. Some gyms offer a taster session before you sign up, 2 can help you get a feel for what a new place might be like. Once you find a style you enjoy, you will be 3 (cheerful) than ever. 6 （2025届北京市西城区高三下学期二模英语试题)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 Last year was 1 (hot) on record, highlighting the significance of green technology in 2025. One key green technology is carbon capture (收集) and storage(CCS), 2 involves separating CO₂ from other gases at emission (排放) sources before they are released into the atmosphere, and 3 (transport) the CO₂ to an underground location to be stored. CCS projects are now storing about 45 million tons of CO₂ yearly, roughly equal to the emissions of 10 million cars. The growth of clean energy continues, with wind and solar power expected to overtake coal in electricity generation. 7 （2025届北京市丰台区高三下学期二模英语试题)阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Huang Xuhua (1924.2-2025.2) was one of the 1 (quiet) yet most remarkable national heroes. During the early hard years, he 2 (conduct) research on China’s nuclear submarine all year round. For 30 years when he was even absent from family letters, he had made huge sacrifices. 3 (respect) widely, he was named the man who built the underwater Great Wall. His selfless dedication and outstanding contributions will always be remembered. 8 （2025届北京市东城区高三下学期二模英语试题)阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Lockers have long been a school tradition, but are they still necessary? Some students argue lockers relieve their heavy backpack burdens. They also serve as valuable social spaces 1 friendships form. However, more students are using laptops and online content to study and work on assignments, making lockers 2 (necessary). So, if schools remove lockers, most of which are very old, more space 3 (create) in the hallways. They can use it to display artwork or other creative projects, which will bring students together. 9 （2025届北京市海淀区高三下学期期末练习（二模）英语试题)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 Take a look at the contact list on your phone — you likely have numerous names but regularly connect with only a few. Many of these 1 (forget) contacts are old friends that 2 (fade) from your life for no particular reason for some time. However, research 3 (consistent) shows that social relationships are vital for mental and physical well-being. Reaching out to an old friend may seem challenging, but it can rekindle meaningful connections and bring joy. Instead of 4 (let) friendships slip away, a simple message can bridge the gap and enhance both parties’ happiness. 10 （2025届北京通州区高三一模英语试题)阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 In China, it is said that the egg can be set upright on the first day of the Start of Spring. It is believed that if someone can make the egg stand on that day, he 1 (have) good luck in the future. According to astronomers and physicists, setting the egg upright has nothing to do with time, but with mechanics. The most important thing is to shift the egg’s center of gravity to the 2 (low) part of the egg. In this way, the trick is holding the egg until the yolk (蛋黄) sinks as much as possible. For this, people should choose an egg of 4-5 days 3 yolk tends to sink down. 11 （2025届北京市门头沟区高三下学期3月综合练习（一模）英语试题)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 Wetlands, known as the “kidneys of the earth,” are crucial ecosystems between land and water. When 1 (view) from a distance, wetlands look very peaceful and beautiful. Acting as nature’s purifiers, they can clean water, prevent floods and offer habitats, so experts emphasize 2 needs to be done to protect wetlands and ensure their 3 (survive). In recent years, many nations have made 4 (big) efforts than ever before to preserve and restore these invaluable natural areas. 12 （2025届北京市海淀区高三下学期一模英语试题)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 By the end of each day, we all long for a little personal space and quiet time. Alone time can vary greatly from person to person. For some, it is 1 (simple) about being physically away from people, while for others, it is the ability 2 (disconnect) when alone. To figure out whether alone time energizes or consumes you, you’d better dedicate a full day just to yourself and observe 3 it affects your emotions. If you feel refreshed after taking time to yourself, you can set aside more alone time into your schedule. However, if you feel frustrated when alone, you need to lean into social connections more frequently. 13 （2025届北京市顺义区高三下学期一模英语试题)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 Very heavy traffic on a highway, two small children were making life challenging for their parents. A teenager asked 1 he could help. With the parents’ 2 (permit), he started to play games with them. Soon, the children stopped crying. As the parents were about to get off the bus, they thanked the teen 3 (sincere) and the teen said he was happy to help. 14 （2025届北京市朝阳区高三下学期一模考试英语试题)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 DeepSeek-R1, 1 core technologies are built upon a next-generation large language model architecture, highlights China’s growing strength in AI innovation. This smart assistant can answer complex questions, create digital art and even write computer code. DeepSeek-R1 learns by repeatedly 2 (try), unlike other AIs that rely on large amounts of prepared examples. It practises many times and gets 3 (good), much like how students master maths. 4 the development of DeepSeek-R1, China shows the world that great things come from new ideas and hard work, not just money. 15 （2025届北京市丰台区高三下学期一模考试英语试题)阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Whales swim by moving their tails up and down. This motion 1 (create) pressure pulses (脉冲) which harm their brains. However, whales find a way 2 (avoid) such damage. Research has revealed that a network of blood vessels (血管) in their brains plays a crucial role. It can maintain stable blood pressure, 3 (effective) reducing over 90% of the potential harm. This discovery also helps explain 4 seals, which don’t face the same issue, lack these structures. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题02 形容词和副词(北京专用) 考点 五年考情（2021-2025） 命题趋势 形容词和副词用法 （5年5考） 2025： 11 (peace)：peaceful 14 (long)：longer 2023： 12 (exact) :exactly 2022： 19 (bad) :worse 2021： 16 （safe）:safely 形容词和副词的句法功能；形容词和副词的词性转换；形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法。 1. (2025·北京·高考)It’s ____11____ (peace), especially around sunset. 【解析】考查形容词。句意：这里很宁静，尤其是在日落时分。“is”后接形容词作表语，“peace”的形容词形式是“peaceful”，意为“宁静的”。故填peaceful。 2.(2025·北京·高考)Maybe this morning you debated whether to get up or stay in bed slightly ____14____ (long). 【解析】考查比较级。句意：也许今天早上你还在纠结是起床还是多睡一会儿。此处表示“多睡一会儿”，应用比较级longer，表示“更久”。故填longer。 3.(2023·北京·高考)Every culture is riddled with unwritten rules, such as ones on punctuality (守时). I’m British. Soon after moving to Switzerland, I 11． (throw) a house-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up 12 (exact) on time. Years later, having moved to France. 【解析】考查副词。句意：搬到瑞士后不久，我要举办一个乔迁派对，当所有30位客人都准时出现时，我感到非常惊讶。此处修饰介词短语on time，应用副词exactly，作状语。故填exactly。 4.(2022·北京·高考)That’s a big problem and it is getting even ____19____ (bad). 【解析】考查比较级。句意：这是个大问题，而且越来越严重。even“甚至”常置于比较级前，所以此处用worse，故填worse。 5.(2021·北京·高考)Sam walked her to a nearby convenience store so that she could ____16____（safe） wait for the police to take her home． 【解析】考查副词。句意：山姆带她去了附近的一家便利店，这样她就可以安全地等警察带她回家了。修饰动词wait用副词作状语，故填safely。 1 （2025届北京市第十一中学高三下学期三模英语试题)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Over the past decade, campaigners, supported by environmental studies, 1 (encourage) us to buy local foods. This reduces “food miles,” 2 refers to the distance food travels from producer to retailer. They argue that the higher the food miles, the greater the carbon emissions. Therefore, buying local food has a 3 (low) carbon footprint and is more environmentally friendly. However, the truth is more complex. We trust consider the entire farming process, including factors like fertilization and irrigation, not merely transportation. 【答案】1．have encouraged 2．which 3．lower 【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了过去十年活动家鼓励买本地食品以减少碳足迹，但真相是需考虑整个农作过程。 1．考查时态。句意：在过去十年里，环保研究机构的支持下，环保活动人士鼓励我们购买本地农产品。作谓语，根据上文Over the past decade可知为现在完成时，主语为campaigners，助动词用have。故填have encouraged。 2．考查定语从句。句意：这减少了“食品里程”，该概念指的是食物从生产者到零售商之间的运输距离。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词food miles，在从句作主语，指物，故填which。 3．考查比较级。句意：因此，购买本地食品的碳排放量更低，也更有利于环保。根据后文more environmentally friendly可知此处用比较级lower作定语。故填lower。 2 （2025届北京师范大学附属中学高三下学期三模英语试题)阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Here are some ways for you to fight 1 anger. Firstly, accept that people will frustrate you. Realizing that no-one is perfect is a good start to avoiding getting angry. Secondly, stop 2 (try) to manage your anger. A better way of facing up to anger is to identify the root cause. Once you know 3 you get mad, it is possible to deal with the cause. Lastly, don’t take the easy way. A reaction like throwing something, hitting someone, or screaming is the easy way. By learning to control, you can become 4 (calm) and less violent. 【答案】1．against 2．trying 3．why 4．calmer 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些对抗愤怒的方法。 1．考查介词。句意：以下是一些帮助你对抗愤怒的方法。短语fight against表示“对抗”。故填against。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：其次，别再试图压抑自己的愤怒了。stop doing sth.表示“停止做某事”，此处指停止试图压抑愤怒，，填动名词作宾语。故填trying。 3．考查宾语从句。句意：一旦你明白了自己为何会生气，就有可能找到解决问题的办法。引导宾语从句，从句缺少原因状语，故填why。 4．考查比较级。句意：通过学会控制情绪，你就能变得更为冷静，也更少表现出暴力行为。根据后文less violent可知为比较级作表语。故填calmer。 3 （2025届北京市昌平区高三下学期二模英语试题)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 While social media has connected people globally, its overuse may harm mental health. Teenagers spending hours scrolling short videos often feel lonely, 1 (lack) real communication. Studies 2 (conduct) in 2023 show that 60% of users compare their lives to others’ posts, leading to anxiety. However, used 3 (wise), these platforms can promote cultural exchange. Educators suggest limiting screen time and engaging 4 offline some activities. After all, technology is meant to serve humans, not control them. 【答案】1．lacking 2．conducted 3．wisely 4．in 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了社交媒体在连接全球人们的同时，其过度使用可能对心理健康造成危害，特别是对青少年而言。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：花数小时浏览短视频的青少年常常会感到孤独，并且缺乏真正的交流。句中谓语是feel，空格处用非谓语动词，Teenagers和lack之间是主谓关系，因此用现在分词表主动，作状语，故填lacking。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：2023年进行的研究表明，60%的用户将自己的生活与他人的帖子进行比较，从而导致焦虑。句中谓语是show，空格处用非谓语动词，Studies和conduct之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此用过去分词表被动，作后置定语，故填conducted。 3．考查副词。句意：然而，如果使用得当，这些平台可以促进文化交流。空格处用副词wisely修饰动词used，wisely意为“明智地”，故填wisely。 4．考查介词。句意：教育工作者建议限制屏幕时间，参与一些线下活动。engage in是固定短语，意为“参与”，因此空格处用介词in，故填in。 4 （2025届北京市精华学校高三下学期三模英语试题) 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 AI companionship has emerged as a growing trend, with companies racing to develop products 1 (range) from chatbots to wearable devices. These items sit at the crossroads of two complex issues: AI and the loneliness epidemic (流行病). As technology reshapes 2 we interact with others, more and more people report feeling 3 (social) isolated. In 2023, the WHO declared loneliness a “global public health concern” that is as bad for people’s health as smoking 15 cigarettes a day. Given this, it makes sense that people’s responses to this AI companion trend are mixed. 【答案】1．ranging 2．how 3．socially 【解析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了人工智能产品的发展在社交，健康等多方面影响着我们的生活，人们对这一趋势的反应各不相同。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：人工智能陪伴已成为一种日益增长的趋势，各公司竞相开发从聊天机器人到可穿戴设备等各种产品。该空所给动词在句中作后置定语，与所修饰名词products为主动关系，应使用现在分词形式。故填ranging。 2．考查宾语从句连接词。句意：随着科技重塑我们与他人的互动方式，越来越多的人表示感到社交孤立。该空需要一个连词引导宾语从句作动词reshapes的宾语，并在从句中作方式状语，指人们怎样互动，应填how。故填how。 3．考查副词。句意：随着科技重塑我们与他人的互动方式，越来越多的人表示感到社交孤立。该空需要一个副词修饰形容词isolated(孤立的；被隔离的)，所给词social为形容词。故填socially。 5 （2025届北京市昌平区高三下学期二模英语试题)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Research shows that people are more likely to maintain an exercise routine if they enjoy the activities they choose. If the exercise you are doing is not enjoyable, your motivation will gradually decrease. So you need to find 1 interests you. Some gyms offer a taster session before you sign up, 2 can help you get a feel for what a new place might be like. Once you find a style you enjoy, you will be 3 (cheerful) than ever. 【答案】1．what 2．which 3．more cheerful 【解析】这是一篇说明文。研究表明享受运动更易坚持，若运动无趣动力会降，找到兴趣所在并尝试，能让人更快乐。 1．考查宾语从句。句意：所以你需要找到让你感兴趣的事物。“____ interests you”是宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，且表示“……的事物”，应用连接代词what引导。故填what。 2．考查定语从句。句意：一些健身房在你报名之前提供体验课程，这可以帮助你感受新地方是什么样的。这里考查非限制性定语从句，先行词是a taster session，为物，关系词在从句中作主语，所以应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 3．考查形容词比较级。句意：一旦你找到了自己喜欢的运动风格，你会比以往更快乐。根据 than ever可知，此处用形容词比较级，cheerful的比较级是more cheerful。故填more cheerful。 6 （2025届北京市西城区高三下学期二模英语试题)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 Last year was 1 (hot) on record, highlighting the significance of green technology in 2025. One key green technology is carbon capture (收集) and storage(CCS), 2 involves separating CO₂ from other gases at emission (排放) sources before they are released into the atmosphere, and 3 (transport) the CO₂ to an underground location to be stored. CCS projects are now storing about 45 million tons of CO₂ yearly, roughly equal to the emissions of 10 million cars. The growth of clean energy continues, with wind and solar power expected to overtake coal in electricity generation. 【答案】1．the hottest 2．which 3．transporting 【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了绿色技术碳捕获和储存（CCS）可以将二氧化碳释放到大气之前将其与其他气体分离，并将二氧化碳运送到地下储存。 1．考查最高级。句意：去年是有记录以来最热的一年，凸显了绿色科技在2025年的重要性。根据后文on record可知为最高级，前面加the。故填the hottest。 2．考查定语从句。句意：一项关键的绿色技术是碳捕获和储存（CCS），它涉及在排放源将二氧化碳释放到大气之前将其与其他气体分离，并将二氧化碳运送到地下储存。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词carbon capture and storage(CCS)，在从句作主语，指物，故填which。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：一项关键的绿色技术是碳捕获和储存（CCS），它涉及在排放源将二氧化碳释放到大气之前将其与其他气体分离，并将二氧化碳运送到地下储存。短语involve doing sth.表示“涉及做某事”，故填transporting。 7 （2025届北京市丰台区高三下学期二模英语试题)阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Huang Xuhua (1924.2-2025.2) was one of the 1 (quiet) yet most remarkable national heroes. During the early hard years, he 2 (conduct) research on China’s nuclear submarine all year round. For 30 years when he was even absent from family letters, he had made huge sacrifices. 3 (respect) widely, he was named the man who built the underwater Great Wall. His selfless dedication and outstanding contributions will always be remembered. 【答案】1．quietest 2．was conducting/conducted 3．Respected 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了黄旭华这位国家英雄，讲述了他为中国核潜艇事业做出的贡献以及他的无私奉献精神。 1．考查形容词最高级。句意：黄旭华（1924.2 - 2025.2）是最默默无闻却又最为卓越的民族英雄之一。此处为“one of the +形容词最高级+可数名词复数”结构，表示 “最……之一”，所以此处为形容quiet的最高级形式 quietest。故填quietest。 2．考查动词时态。句意：在早期艰难的岁月里，他一整年都在进行中国核潜艇的研究。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语During the early hard years可知，此处可以理解为描述过去一段时间内持续进行的动作，用过去进行时，且主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为was conducting；也可以理解为描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，所以谓语动词为conduct的过去式形式conducted。故填was conducting/conducted。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：他广受尊敬，被誉为建造水下长城的人。此处为非谓语动词作状语，he和respect之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词respected作状语，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Respected。 8 （2025届北京市东城区高三下学期二模英语试题)阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Lockers have long been a school tradition, but are they still necessary? Some students argue lockers relieve their heavy backpack burdens. They also serve as valuable social spaces 1 friendships form. However, more students are using laptops and online content to study and work on assignments, making lockers 2 (necessary). So, if schools remove lockers, most of which are very old, more space 3 (create) in the hallways. They can use it to display artwork or other creative projects, which will bring students together. 【答案】1．where 2．unnecessary 3．will be created 【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了学校储物柜的必要性及其可能的替代用途。 1．考查定语从句。句意：它们也作为宝贵的社交空间，友谊在这里形成。设空处引导限定性定语从句，先行词是spaces，从句中缺少地点状语，表示“在储物柜这个社交空间中形成友谊”，应用关系副词when引导。故填where 2．考查形容词。句意：然而，更多学生使用笔记本电脑和在线内容学习，使储物柜变得不必要。根据上下文逻辑，科技手段的普及使储物柜的功能被弱化，应用necessary的反义词unnecessary“不必要的”，作宾语补足语。故填unnecessary。 3．考查动词语态。句意：如果学校拆除老旧储物柜，走廊里将创造更多空间。if引导条件状语从句，主句描述未来结果， 且space与create为被动关系，应用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be created 9 （2025届北京市海淀区高三下学期期末练习（二模）英语试题)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 Take a look at the contact list on your phone — you likely have numerous names but regularly connect with only a few. Many of these 1 (forget) contacts are old friends that 2 (fade) from your life for no particular reason for some time. However, research 3 (consistent) shows that social relationships are vital for mental and physical well-being. Reaching out to an old friend may seem challenging, but it can rekindle meaningful connections and bring joy. Instead of 4 (let) friendships slip away, a simple message can bridge the gap and enhance both parties’ happiness. 【答案】1．forgotten 2．have faded 3．consistently 4．letting 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过分析人们在社交关系中的常见现象，强调了重新联系老朋友的重要性。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些被遗忘的联系人大多是老朋友，他们不知为何在一段时间内从你的生活中逐渐淡出。根据空格后的名词contacts可知，空格处应该用非谓语动词作定语，修饰后面的名词，动词forget与名词contacts之间是逻辑被动关系，所以应该用过去分词forgotten作定语。故填forgotten。 2．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这些被遗忘的联系人大多是老朋友，他们不知为何在一段时间内从你的生活中逐渐淡出。空格处是定语从句的谓语动词，根据时间状语是for some time，应该用现在完成时；从句的谓语动词fade与从句主语that指代的先行词friends在数上保持一致，应该用复数形式。故填have faded。 3．考查副词。句意：然而，最新研究持续印证：社交关系对心理和身体健康至关重要。空格处修饰下文的动词shows，作状语，应该用副词consistently。故填consistently。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：与其放任友情流逝，一条简单的信息就能弥合时光裂隙，双向提升幸福指数。根据空格前的介词of可知，空格处应该用动名词letting作宾语。故填letting。 10 （2025届北京通州区高三一模英语试题)阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 In China, it is said that the egg can be set upright on the first day of the Start of Spring. It is believed that if someone can make the egg stand on that day, he 1 (have) good luck in the future. According to astronomers and physicists, setting the egg upright has nothing to do with time, but with mechanics. The most important thing is to shift the egg’s center of gravity to the 2 (low) part of the egg. In this way, the trick is holding the egg until the yolk (蛋黄) sinks as much as possible. For this, people should choose an egg of 4-5 days 3 yolk tends to sink down. 【答案】1．will have 2．lowest 3．whose 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是中国立春时节竖蛋的传统习俗，以及实现这一过程所需的技巧和背后涉及的力学原理 1．考查动词时态。句意：据说如果有人能在这一天让鸡蛋竖立起来，那么他将来会拥有好运气。此处为谓语动词，结合句意和“主将从现”原则，此处描述将来发生的动作或状态，需用一般将来时，所以谓语动词为will have。故填will have。 2．考查形容词最高级。句意：最重要的事情是将鸡蛋的重心移到鸡蛋的最低部分。此处为形容词作定语，结合句意以及上文的“The most important thing”和空前的the可知，此处需用形容词最高级修饰名词part，low的最高级形式为lowest表示“最低的部分”。故填lowest。 3．考查定语从句。句意：为此，人们应该选择一个4到5天的鸡蛋，其蛋黄更容易下沉。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，先行词egg与空后的名词yolk之间为所属关系，作定语修饰yolk，所以此处需用关系代词whose。故填whose。 11 （2025届北京市门头沟区高三下学期3月综合练习（一模）英语试题)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 Wetlands, known as the “kidneys of the earth,” are crucial ecosystems between land and water. When 1 (view) from a distance, wetlands look very peaceful and beautiful. Acting as nature’s purifiers, they can clean water, prevent floods and offer habitats, so experts emphasize 2 needs to be done to protect wetlands and ensure their 3 (survive). In recent years, many nations have made 4 (big) efforts than ever before to preserve and restore these invaluable natural areas. 【答案】1．viewed 2．what 3．survival 4．bigger 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了湿地的重要作用以及许多国家都在保护湿地。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：从远处看，湿地非常宁静美丽。此处view与wetlands构成被动关系，故用过去分词和when构成时间状语。故填viewed。 2．考查宾语从句。句意：作为大自然的净化器，它们可以清洁水，防止洪水，并提供栖息地，因此专家们强调需要做些什么来保护湿地，确保它们的生存。引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，故用what。故填what。 3．考查名词。句意：作为大自然的净化器，它们可以清洁水，防止洪水，并提供栖息地，因此专家们强调需要做些什么来保护湿地，确保它们的生存。作动词的宾语，用名词survival，抽象概念，不可数。故填survival。 4．考查比较级。句意：近年来，许多国家比以往任何时候都做出了更大的努力来保护和恢复这些宝贵的自然地区。根据后文than ever before可知用形容词比较级修饰名词efforts。故填bigger。 12 （2025届北京市海淀区高三下学期一模英语试题)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 By the end of each day, we all long for a little personal space and quiet time. Alone time can vary greatly from person to person. For some, it is 1 (simple) about being physically away from people, while for others, it is the ability 2 (disconnect) when alone. To figure out whether alone time energizes or consumes you, you’d better dedicate a full day just to yourself and observe 3 it affects your emotions. If you feel refreshed after taking time to yourself, you can set aside more alone time into your schedule. However, if you feel frustrated when alone, you need to lean into social connections more frequently. 【答案】1．simply 2．to disconnect 3．how 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了独处时间的个人差异，以及如何通过自我观察来确定独处是让自己恢复精力还是消耗精力。 1．考查副词。句意：对一些人来说，这只是身体上远离他人，而对另一些人来说，这是独处时断开连接的能力。此处需要用副词simply修饰介词短语about being physically away from people，表示“仅仅，只是”的意思，故填simply。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：对一些人来说，这只是身体上远离他人，而对另一些人来说，这是独处时断开连接的能力。the ability to do sth表示“做某事的能力”，所以此处需要用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰ability，表示“断开连接的能力”，故填to disconnect。 3．考查宾语从句。句意：为了弄清楚独处是让你精力充沛还是消耗你的精力，你最好花一整天时间独处，观察它如何影响你的情绪。observe后接宾语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，表示“如何影响你的情绪”，所以此处应用how引导从句，故填how。 13 （2025届北京市顺义区高三下学期一模英语试题)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 Very heavy traffic on a highway, two small children were making life challenging for their parents. A teenager asked 1 he could help. With the parents’ 2 (permit), he started to play games with them. Soon, the children stopped crying. As the parents were about to get off the bus, they thanked the teen 3 (sincere) and the teen said he was happy to help. 【答案】1．if/whether 2．permission 3．sincerely 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位青少年主动帮助一对父母带小孩的故事。 1．考查宾语从句。句意：一个青少年询问是否可以帮忙。空处引导宾语从句，从句不缺成分，引导词意为“是否”，需用连接词whether/if引导。故填whether/if。 2．考查名词。句意：在得到父母的允许后，他开始和孩子们玩起了游戏。parents’是名词所有格，修饰名词，空处需填名词permission，为不可数名词。故填permission。 3．考查副词。句意：当父母准备下车时，他们真诚地感谢了那个青少年，而青少年表示他很乐意帮忙。修饰动词thanked，需用副词sincerely，作状语。故填sincerely。 14 （2025届北京市朝阳区高三下学期一模考试英语试题)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 DeepSeek-R1, 1 core technologies are built upon a next-generation large language model architecture, highlights China’s growing strength in AI innovation. This smart assistant can answer complex questions, create digital art and even write computer code. DeepSeek-R1 learns by repeatedly 2 (try), unlike other AIs that rely on large amounts of prepared examples. It practises many times and gets 3 (good), much like how students master maths. 4 the development of DeepSeek-R1, China shows the world that great things come from new ideas and hard work, not just money. 【答案】1．whose 2．trying 3．better 4．With 【解析】本文是篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能应用DeepSeek-R1。 1．考查定语从句。句意：DeepSeek-R1的核心技术建立在下一代大型语言模型架构之上，凸显了中国在人工智能创新方面日益增长的实力。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“DeepSeek-R1”，在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词whose。故填whose。 2．考查动名词。句意：DeepSeek-R1通过反复尝试来学习，不像其他人工智能依赖于大量准备好的例子。动词try用在介词“by”后面，应用动名词形式，作宾语，表示“通过反复尝试”。故填trying。 3．考查形容词比较级。句意：它反复练习，然后变得越来越好，就像学生如何掌握数学一样。空处应用形容词作表语；根据“practises many times”可知，空处指多次练习作对比，变得更好，应用比较级形式。故填better。 4．考查介词。句意：随着DeepSeek-R1的发展，中国向世界展示了伟大的事物来自新想法和努力工作，而不仅仅是金钱。空处应用介词，后接名词短语“the development of DeepSeek-R1”作宾语，表示“随着”，应用介词with；句首字母大写。故填With。 15 （2025届北京市丰台区高三下学期一模考试英语试题)阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Whales swim by moving their tails up and down. This motion 1 (create) pressure pulses (脉冲) which harm their brains. However, whales find a way 2 (avoid) such damage. Research has revealed that a network of blood vessels (血管) in their brains plays a crucial role. It can maintain stable blood pressure, 3 (effective) reducing over 90% of the potential harm. This discovery also helps explain 4 seals, which don’t face the same issue, lack these structures. 【答案】1．creates 2．to avoid 3．effectively 4．why 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了鲸鱼通过特殊血管网络避免脑部受损的机制。 1．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：这种运动产生压力脉冲，会伤害它们的大脑。空处为句子的谓语动词。句子陈述客观事实，所以用一般现在时，且主语为This motion，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填creates。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，鲸鱼找到了一种避免这种伤害的方法。名词way后跟不定式作后置定语，表示“做……的方式”。故填to avoid。 3．考查副词。句意：它可以保持稳定的血压，有效地减少90%以上的潜在危害。修饰动词reducing应用副词effectively“有效的”，作状语。故填effectively。 4．考查宾语从句。句意：这一发现也有助于解释为什么海豹没有面临同样的问题，却缺乏这些结构。空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少原因状语，表示“为什么海豹缺乏这些结构”，所以用why引导该从句。故填why。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$