专题05 并列句和三大从句 -【好题汇编】5年（2020-2024）高考真题+1年模拟英语分类汇编（北京专用）

【好题汇编】五年（2020-2024）高考英语 真题分类汇编（北京专用）解析版 专题05 并列句和三大从句 考点 五年考情（2020-2024） 命题趋势 并列句和三大从句的用法 （5年7考） 2024：who：定语从句 1.定语从句的关系词； 2.名词性从句的连接词。 2023：where：定语从句 2022：whether：宾语从句 which：定语从句 2021：that：定语从句 where：宾语从句 2020：if/whether：宾语从句 1.【2024北京卷】Tinniswood, ___17___ doesn’t smoke and rarely drinks, credited moderation for helping him stay healthy during his long life. “If you eat too much or do too much of anything, you’re going to suffer eventually,” he said. 【17题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：Tinniswood不吸烟，也很少喝酒，他认为适量饮酒有助于他在长寿期间保持健康。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Tinniswood，先行词指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导从句。故填who。 2.【2023北京卷】Nina recently finished her year-long series of runs in Chicago, 18 thousands were attending a water conference. 【答案】where 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：最近，尼娜在芝加哥结束了长达一年的系列跑步活动，数千人在那里参加了一个水会议。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Chicago，在从句中作地点状语，故填where。 3.【2022年北京卷】It’s easy to explain how we determine ____15____ smells are dangerous or not: we learn. This has been adopted to ensure easier detection of gas leaks. 15.【答案】whether 【解析】考查宾语从句的引导词。句意：解释我们怎样确定气味是不是危险的是容易的：我们学习到的。分析句子结构可知，空格前的determine为及物动词，空格后是主+系+表的句子结构，所以空格处的词用来引导宾语从句。再结合句意及空格后句子中的or not可知，此处考查whether…or not的搭配。故填whether。 4.【2022年北京卷】That includes cups, bottles, and bags, most of ____18____ are only good for one use. 【答案】which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这包括杯子、瓶子和袋子，其中大多数（东西）只有一种用途。分析可知，most of ______are only good for one use在句中为非限制性定语从句；先行词为cups, bottles, and bags，在从句中作介词of的宾语，所以此处用关系代词which。故填which。 5.【2021年北京卷】Dreams might be a side effect of memory making.When you sleep,your brain sorts through everything ____12____ happened during the day，trying to link new experiences to old memories. 【12题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：当你睡觉时，你的大脑会整理白天发生的一切，试图将新经历与旧记忆联系起来。分析句子结构可知，空处需用连接词引导定语从句，先行词是不定代词everything，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以此处需用关系代词that引导定语从句。故填that。 6.【2021年北京卷】The poor woman wasn't able to give him any information about ____15____ she lived． 【15题详解】where 考查宾语从句。句意：这个可怜的老妇人不能说清楚她住在哪里。介词about后是宾语从句，根据句意，此处用where“在哪里；……的地方”符合句意，从句中作地点状语，故填where。 7.【2020年北京卷】 Oliver says if you're___2___(luck) enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them___3___you can join in when it's possible. 【2题详解】 考查形容词。句意：奥利弗说，如果你足够幸运，身边有一个喜欢烹饪的人。空前有be动词，所以空处填形容词做表语。故填lucky。 【3题详解】 考查连词。句意：问他们你是否有可能加入他们。____ you can join in when it's possible.是宾语从句，从句成分完整，但缺“是否”的意思，故填if/whether。 Passage 01 【2024年北京市海淀区高三一模】For brands to succeed, they must grasp and adapt to evolving consumer taste. Over the past decade, China 18 (witness) a shift in consumer behavior marked by the rise of guochao, a trend emphasizing nationalistic branding. Chinese consumers displayed a strong 19 (prefer) for locally-made products. Therefore, it’s crucial for brands to genuinely comprehend and honor local customs, traditions, and values. While integrating Chinese elements into marketing strategies can be effective, it should be handled thoughtfully 20 (avoid) cultural insensitivity. 【答案】18．has witnessed 19．preference 20．to avoid 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在过去的十年里，中国见证了消费者行为的转变，一种强调民族主义品牌的趋势，即“国潮”开始兴起。 18．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的十年里，中国见证了消费者行为的转变，其标志是“国潮”的兴起，这是一种强调民族主义品牌的趋势。根据句中的“Over the past decade”可知，动词使用现在完成时，主语China为单数意义，助动词应用has，故填has witnessed。 19．考查名词。句意：中国消费者对国产产品表现出强烈的偏好。此处使用名词作宾语，需要的词义为“偏好”，即preference，前有a，应用单数，故填preference。 20．考查动词不定式。句意：虽然将中国元素融入营销策略是有效的，但也要慎重处理，避免文化不敏感。分析句子结构可知，avoid在句子中不作为谓语动词使用，空格处及之后表示“目的”，因此使用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to avoid。 Passage 02 【2024年清华大学附属附中高三三模】The African penguin is expected to go extinct in the wild in just over a decade, given its current population decline. The main reason is a lack of food caused by disturbance to ocean conditions from global heating and 14 (compete) from the commercial fishing industry. According to a study, recently scientists 15 (identify) a possible additional cause, one that is an entirely new threat and that further 16 (prevent) the penguins from finding food: noise pollution from marine ships in a bay. 【答案】14．competition 15．have identified 16．prevents 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章分析了非洲企鹅数量的下降的原因。 14．考查名词。句意：主要原因是全球变暖对海洋环境的干扰和商业捕鱼业的竞争造成了食物短缺。分析句子可知，提示词与名词disturbance是并列关系，作介词宾语，用名词competition，意为“竞争”。故填competition。 15．考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：根据一项研究，最近科学家们发现了一个可能的额外原因，这是一个全新的威胁，进一步阻止企鹅寻找食物：海湾中船舶的噪音污染。分析句子可知，identify(发现)是句中谓语动词，与主语scientists之间是主动关系，句中有时间状语recently，应使用现在完成时态，又因主语是复数名词，所以谓语动词也应使用复数形式。综上，谓语应用现在完成时主动语态，复数形式。故填have identified。 16．考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：根据一项研究，最近科学家们发现了一个可能的额外原因，这是一个全新的威胁，进一步阻止企鹅寻找食物：海湾中船舶的噪音污染。分析句子可知，prevent(阻止)是定语从句中谓语动词，与关系代词that(即先行词one)之间是主动关系，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时态，又因主语是单数代词，所以谓语动词也应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用一般现在时主动语态，单数形式。故填prevents。 Passage 03 【2024年北京交通大学附中高三三模】It’s evident that not everybody has a sense of humor. Learning about theories of humor doesn’t guarantee that one’s ability to tell a joke will improve in any measurable degree. It would be distressing to learn about humor’s many benefits only 18 (discover) that it’s an entirely a product of genetics. Still, psychologists are divided on whether humor is an innate or learnable trait. In the past, they believed that only some cultures developed humor, but this 19 (believe) has changed, as no culture has ever been found lacking of comedy. So, if you want to improve your sense of humor, trying to look on the funny side of life 20 (work). 【答案】18．to discover 19．belief 20．works/will work 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了对于幽默是否可以通过后天学习获得的各种观点。 18．考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你去了解幽默的很多好处，结果却发现它完全是基因的产物，那将是一件令人痛心的事。根据空前的“only”可推知，此处是结果状语，表示出乎意料的结果，意为“不料，结果却”，空处应用discover的不定式形式to discover。故填to discover。 19．考查名词。句意：过去，他们认为只有某些文化才有幽默，但这种观点已经改变了，因为没有一种文化是缺乏喜剧的。分析句子可知，空处被this修饰，作句子的主语，结合句意可知，此处表示“这种观点”，空处应用believe的名词形式belief，意为“观点，想法”，且用单数形式。故填belief。 20．考查时态。句意：所以，如果你想提高你的幽默感，试着看到生活中有趣的一面会起作用。分析句子可知，空处作主句的谓语，前面if引导的条件状语从句时态为一般现在时，主句时态宜用一般现在时或一般将来时，用一般现在时的情况下，主语为动名词短语trying…，空处应用work的第三人称单数形式works，用一般将来时的情况下，空处应用will work。故填works/will work。 Passage 04 【2024年人大附中高三三模】The tiger shark 17 (consider) to be one of the most dangerous sharks in the world. Why are tiger sharks so dangerous? First, they like to live 18 waters where humans usually swim, so the chances of an encounter are much greater. Second, tiger sharks are so strong and aggressive that they can easily hit a person. And third, tiger sharks have teeth perfectly 19 (design) for cutting their food, so it is certain 20 the damage will be disastrous. 【答案】17．is considered/ has been considered 18．in/ around/near 19．designed 20．that 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为什么虎鲨如此危险。 17．考查动词时态和语态。句意：虎鲨被认为是世界上最危险的鲨鱼之一。这是一个客观事实可以用一般现在时，或者这是到目前为止一种认知，所以也可以用现在完成时。主语是the tiger shark，是单数形式，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。而且虎鲨跟认为之间是被动关系，所以也要用被动语态。故填is considered/has been considered。 18．考查介词。句意：首先，它们喜欢生活在人类经常游泳的水域/水域附近，所以遇到它们的几率要大得多。在水域或者在水域附近，要用介词in或者around或者near。故填in/ around/ near。 19．考查非谓语。句意：第三，虎鲨有完美的设计来切割它们的食物牙齿，所以肯定会造成灾难性的破坏。空处为非谓语动词，teeth与design为被动关系，用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填designed。 20．考查连接词。句意：第三，虎鲨有完美的设计来切割它们的食物牙齿，所以肯定会造成灾难性的破坏。It is certain that“……是确定的”为固定句型。故填that。 Passage 05 （2024·北京朝阳·二模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 The horse-face skirt, or mamianqun in Chinese, is a traditional Chinese skirt that dates back to the Song Dynasty. Traditionally it has two panels 15 (attach) to a single waistband, which overlap in front of the body to form a “skirt door”, like the horse-face defenses on ancient city walls. It primarily 16 (represent) a Chinese philosophical concept that harmonizes strength and gentleness. The skirt has gone beyond time and space to become a fashion item today. It 17 (prefer) by fans of traditional clothing, who have continued to develop it. 【答案】15．attached 16．represents 17．is preferred 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了马面裙的历史以及受欢迎的情况。 15．考查非谓语动词。句意：传统上，它有两个嵌板连接在一条腰带上，它们在身体前面重叠形成一个“裙门”，就像古代城墙上的马面防御一样。此处attach与panels构成被动关系，故用过去分词。故填attached。 16．考查时态。句意：它主要代表了一种中国哲学观念，即和谐的力量和温柔。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为It，谓语用三单形式。故填represents。 17．考查时态语态。句意：它受到传统服装爱好者的青睐，他们一直在继续发展它。主语It与谓语构成被动关系，根据语境可知陈述事实用一般现在时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填is preferred。 Passage 06 （2024·北京海淀·二模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Nathen 11 (cycle) along a remote road when he came across an abandoned kitten. Moved by her sad eyes and pitiful meowing, Nathen decided to adopt her and named her Milo. Together, they experienced kindness, 12 (visit) charities, and rescued animals, forming an unbreakable bond. Milo especially liked going to the railway station near their home during rush hour, 13 commuting (通勤) was challenging for most people. Often 14 (find) sitting on a ticket gate, Milo greeted commuters and brought smiles to all she encountered, making the spring morning a little brighter. 【答案】11．was cycling 12．visited 13．when 14．found 【导语】本文属于记叙文，Nathen在偏远路上偶遇弃猫，出于怜悯将其收养并取名Milo。他们共同传递爱心、访问慈善机构、拯救动物，建立深厚情谊。Milo尤其喜欢在高峰期到家附近的车站为通勤者带去慰藉，用它的存在点亮人们的清晨。 11．考查固定句型和时态。句意：Nathen在一条偏僻的路上骑自行车时，遇到了一只被遗弃的小猫。cycle“骑自行车”。根据句意和空后的when和came可知，此处为固定句型“was/were doing... when...”，本空用过去进行时，表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作，主语Nathen为第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was cycling。 12．考查时态。句意：他们一起体验了善意，参观了慈善机构，救助了动物，形成了不可破的纽带。visit“参观”。本空用过去式visited，与experienced和rescued并列，用连词and连接。故填visited。 13．考查定语从句。句意：Milo尤其喜欢在上下班高峰期去家附近的火车站，那时上下班对大多数人来说都是一种挑战。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是rush hour，关系词代替先行词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。故填when。 14．考查非谓语动词。句意：Milo经常被发现坐在检票口，向上下班往返的人打招呼，并给她遇到的所有人带来微笑，使春天的早晨变得更加明亮。本句谓语为greeted，此处为非谓语动词，且Milo与find“发现”为被动关系，应用过去分词，作状语，表示被动。故填found。 ( 6 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 【好题汇编】五年（2020-2024）高考英语 真题分类汇编（北京专用）原卷版 专题05 并列句和三大从句 考点 五年考情（2020-2024） 命题趋势 并列句和三大从句的用法 （5年7考） 2024：who：定语从句 1.定语从句的关系词； 2.名词性从句的连接词。 2023：where：定语从句 2022：whether：宾语从句 which：定语从句 2021：that：定语从句 where：宾语从句 2020：if/whether：宾语从句 1.【2024北京卷】Tinniswood, ___17___ doesn’t smoke and rarely drinks, credited moderation for helping him stay healthy during his long life. “If you eat too much or do too much of anything, you’re going to suffer eventually,” he said. 2.【2023北京卷】Nina recently finished her year-long series of runs in Chicago, 18 thousands were attending a water conference. 3.【2022年北京卷】It’s easy to explain how we determine ____15____ smells are dangerous or not: we learn. This has been adopted to ensure easier detection of gas leaks. 4.【2022年北京卷】That includes cups, bottles, and bags, most of ____18____ are only good for one use. 5.【2021年北京卷】Dreams might be a side effect of memory making.When you sleep,your brain sorts through everything ____12____ happened during the day，trying to link new experiences to old memories. 6.【2021年北京卷】The poor woman wasn't able to give him any information about ____15____ she lived． 7.【2020年北京卷】 Oliver says if you're___2___(luck) enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them___3___you can join in when it's possible. Passage 01 【2024年北京市海淀区高三一模】For brands to succeed, they must grasp and adapt to evolving consumer taste. Over the past decade, China 18 (witness) a shift in consumer behavior marked by the rise of guochao, a trend emphasizing nationalistic branding. Chinese consumers displayed a strong 19 (prefer) for locally-made products. Therefore, it’s crucial for brands to genuinely comprehend and honor local customs, traditions, and values. While integrating Chinese elements into marketing strategies can be effective, it should be handled thoughtfully 20 (avoid) cultural insensitivity. Passage 02 【2024年清华大学附属附中高三三模】The African penguin is expected to go extinct in the wild in just over a decade, given its current population decline. The main reason is a lack of food caused by disturbance to ocean conditions from global heating and 14 (compete) from the commercial fishing industry. According to a study, recently scientists 15 (identify) a possible additional cause, one that is an entirely new threat and that further 16 (prevent) the penguins from finding food: noise pollution from marine ships in a bay. Passage 03 【2024年北京交通大学附中高三三模】It’s evident that not everybody has a sense of humor. Learning about theories of humor doesn’t guarantee that one’s ability to tell a joke will improve in any measurable degree. It would be distressing to learn about humor’s many benefits only 18 (discover) that it’s an entirely a product of genetics. Still, psychologists are divided on whether humor is an innate or learnable trait. In the past, they believed that only some cultures developed humor, but this 19 (believe) has changed, as no culture has ever been found lacking of comedy. So, if you want to improve your sense of humor, trying to look on the funny side of life 20 (work). Passage 04 【2024年人大附中高三三模】The tiger shark 17 (consider) to be one of the most dangerous sharks in the world. Why are tiger sharks so dangerous? First, they like to live 18 waters where humans usually swim, so the chances of an encounter are much greater. Second, tiger sharks are so strong and aggressive that they can easily hit a person. And third, tiger sharks have teeth perfectly 19 (design) for cutting their food, so it is certain 20 the damage will be disastrous. Passage 05 （2024·北京朝阳·二模）The horse-face skirt, or mamianqun in Chinese, is a traditional Chinese skirt that dates back to the Song Dynasty. Traditionally it has two panels 15 (attach) to a single waistband, which overlap in front of the body to form a “skirt door”, like the horse-face defenses on ancient city walls. It primarily 16 (represent) a Chinese philosophical concept that harmonizes strength and gentleness. The skirt has gone beyond time and space to become a fashion item today. It 17 (prefer) by fans of traditional clothing, who have continued to develop it. Passage 06 （2024·北京海淀·二模）Nathen 11 (cycle) along a remote road when he came across an abandoned kitten. Moved by her sad eyes and pitiful meowing, Nathen decided to adopt her and named her Milo. Together, they experienced kindness, 12 (visit) charities, and rescued animals, forming an unbreakable bond. Milo especially liked going to the railway station near their home during rush hour, 13 commuting (通勤) was challenging for most people. Often 14 (find) sitting on a ticket gate, Milo greeted commuters and brought smiles to all she encountered, making the spring morning a little brighter. ( 6 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$