Unit 4 Friends Forever 课文改编 完形填空+七选五导学案-2023-2024学年初升高衔接英语外研版（2019）必修第一册

初高英语衔接课程-外研版B1U4“Friends Forever”-课文改编练习 一. 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，计15分） After Twenty Years The short story “After Twenty Years” is set in New York on a cold, dark night. Most people have left work to go home, and this part of the city is now quiet. A policeman who is checking the area sees a man outside a shop. He goes up to the man and finds he has a scar on his face. They have a chat and the man starts to tell his story. “Twenty years ago tonight,” said the man, “I dined here at ‘Big Joe’ Brady’s with Jimmy Wells, my best 1 , and the finest chap in the world. He and I were raised here in New York, just like two brothers, together. I was eighteen and Jimmy was twenty. The next morning I was to start for the West to make my 2 . You couldn’t have 3 Jimmy out of New York; he thought it was the only place on earth. Well, we agreed that night that we would meet here again 4 twenty years from that date and time, no matter what our 5 might be or from what 6 we might have to come. We 7 that in twenty years each of us ought to have our 8 worked out and our fortunes made, whatever they were going to be.” “It sounds pretty interesting,” said the policeman. “Rather a long time between meets, though, it seems to me. Haven’t you heard from your friend since you left？” “Well, yes, for a time we 9 ,” said the other. “But after a year or two we lost 10 of each other. You see, the West is a pretty big 11 , and I kept 12 around over it pretty lively. But I know Jimmy will meet me here if he’s alive, for he always was the truest, 13 old chap in the world. He’ll never forget. I came a thousand miles to stand in this door tonight, and it’s 14 it if my old partner 15 .” (Excerpts from “After Twenty Years” by O. Henry) 1. A. graduate B. chum C. colonizer D. leader 2. A. value B. assumption C. fortune D. conclusion 3. A. dragged B. drawn C. promoted D. traded 4. A. exactly B. eventually C. originally D. obviously 5. A. past B. migration C. subjects D. conditions 6. A. amount B. distance C. confidence D. interaction 7. A. pictured B. repeated C. assessed D. figured 8. A. presence B. occupation C. destiny D. behavior 9. A. corresponded B. described C. practiced D. estimated 10. A. sight B. track C. access D. control 11. A. proposition B. impression C. expression D. exploration 12. A. kicking B. challenging C. hustling D. stepping 13. A. proudest B. eagerest C. commonest D. staunchest 14. A. equal B. worth C. despite D. over 15. A. turns into B. turns off C. turns out D. turns up 完形填空答案： BCAAD BDCAB ACDBD Interesting Facts 【chum】朋友 俚语，来自chamber, 即同处一室的人，室友。 【chap】家伙，小伙子 在英国英语日常口语中chap相当于fellow，有“家伙”“小伙子”等义。用于此义的chap系由chapman一词缩略而来。chapman来自古英语ceapman，其中ceap有trade（贸易，交易）的意思，cheap（便宜的，廉价的）一词即源出于此，故chapman最初指“商人”，但以后却转而指“买主”或“顾客”。16世纪当chap这一缩略形式出现时，一开始也用以指“买主”或“顾客”，chap在英国方言中至今还保留了此义。到了18世纪chap的词义才引申为“家伙”“小伙子”。我们从另一个词customer的词义也由“顾客”向“家伙”引申这一点看到了这两个词在词义变化方面的类似之处。值得我们注意的另一点是，chap的出现并没有使chapman从英语中消失，它至今仍在英国英语中使用，但原先的词义已经废弃，现指“流动小贩”或“叫卖小贩”。 Interesting Expressions 【hustle and bustle】熙熙攘攘，忙碌 ( 1 )By ZacZacZacZac 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 graduate 音标：['ɡrædʒuːeɪt] 词性：n., v. 中文释义：n. 毕业生；v. 毕业 英文释义：n. a person who has completed a course of study and received a degree. v. to complete a course of study and receive a degree. 英文例句：She graduated from college last year and is now a successful graduate. 中文翻译：她去年从大学毕业，现在是一名成功的毕业生。 chum 音标：[tʃʌm] 词性：n. 中文释义：朋友，伙伴 英文释义：a close friend or companion. 英文例句：My old chum from high school visited me last weekend. 中文翻译：我高中时的老朋友上周末来看我了。 colonizer 音标：['kɒlənaɪzə(r)] 词性：n. 中文释义：殖民者 英文释义：a person who establishes a colony in a new territory. 英文例句：The colonizers exploited the natural resources of the land for their own gain. 中文翻译：殖民者为了自身利益掠夺了该地区的自然资源。 leader 音标：['liːdə(r)] 词性：n. 中文释义：领导者 英文释义：a person who guides or directs a group, organization, or country. 英文例句：The leader of the company gave an inspiring speech to the employees. 中文翻译：公司领导人向员工们发表了一篇鼓舞人心的演讲。 value 音标：['væljuː] 词性：n., v. 中文释义：n. 价值；v. 重视 英文释义：n. the importance, worth, or usefulness of something. v. to consider something important or worthwhile. 英文例句（n.）: Honesty is a valuable quality. 中文翻译：诚实是一种宝贵的品质。 英文例句（v.）: She values her family above all else. 中文翻译：她认为家庭是最重要的。 B. assumption 音标：[ə'sʌmpʃn] 词性：n. 中文释义：假设 英文释义：a thing that is accepted as true or as certain to happen, without proof 英文例句：Our plan is based on the assumption that the weather will be good. 中文翻译：我们的计划是基于天气会很好的假设。 C. fortune 音标：['fɔːtʃuːn] 词性：n. 中文释义：财富；运气 英文释义：wealth, especially a large amount; good luck 英文例句：She made her fortune in the stock market. 中文翻译：她在股市中赚取了财富。 D. conclusion 音标：[kən'kluːʒn] 词性：n. 中文释义：结论 英文释义：a final judgment or decision, especially one reached after consideration of the evidence 英文例句：After careful consideration, we came to the conclusion that the project was not feasible. 中文翻译：经过仔细考虑，我们得出结论，该项目不可行。 A. dragged 音标：[dræɡd] 词性：v. (drag的过去式和过去分词) 中文释义：拖，拉 英文释义：to pull something slowly or heavily along a surface 英文例句：The heavy box was dragged into the room. 中文翻译：沉重的箱子被拖进了房间。 不规则变化：drag (原形), dragged (过去式), dragged (过去分词), dragging (现在分词) B. drawn 音标：[drɔːn] 词性：v. (draw的过去分词) 中文释义：拉（的过去分词）；绘制（的过去分词） 英文释义：past participle of 'draw' (to pull or to make a line or shape with a pen, pencil, etc.) 英文例句：The picture was beautifully drawn. 中文翻译：这幅画绘制得很精美。 注意：'drawn'作为动词的过去分词，其具体含义取决于上下文（拉或绘制）。 C. promoted 音标：[prə'məʊtɪd] 词性：v. (promote的过去式和过去分词) 中文释义：促进；提升 英文释义：to encourage the growth or progress of something; to raise someone to a higher position or rank 英文例句：He was promoted to manager after several years of hard work. 中文翻译：经过几年的努力工作，他被提升为经理。 不规则变化：promote (原形), promoted (过去式), promoted (过去分词), promoting (现在分词) D. traded 音标：[treɪdɪd] 词性：v. (trade的过去式和过去分词) 中文释义：交易；买卖 英文释义：to exchange goods or services for money or other goods 英文例句：They traded their old car for a new one. 中文翻译：他们用旧车换了一辆新车。 不规则变化：trade (原形), traded (过去式), traded (过去分词), trading (现在分词) A. exactly 音标：[ɪɡ'zæktli] 词性：adv. 中文释义：精确地；确切地 英文释义：precisely or without any mistake 英文例句：I don't know exactly what time the train arrives. 中文翻译：我不知道火车的确切到达时间。 B. eventually 音标：[ɪ'ventʃuəli] 词性：adv. 中文释义：最终；终于 英文释义：in the end, after a long time 英文例句：After many failures, they eventually succeeded. 中文翻译：经过多次失败后，他们终于成功了。 C. originally 音标：[ə'rɪdʒɪnəli] 词性：adv. 中文释义：最初；起初 英文释义：at the beginning; in the first place 英文例句：The building was originally a school. 中文翻译：这座建筑最初是一所学校。 A. past 音标：[pɑːst] 词性：n., adj., adv. 中文释义：n. 过去；往事；adj. 过去的；结束的；adv. 经过；过去 英文释义：n. the time that has gone by; adj. belonging to a time that has gone by; adv. in a direction away from the speaker or listener 英文例句（n.）: I looked back on my past and smiled. 中文翻译：我回首往事，露出了微笑。 英文例句（adj.）: The past week has been hectic. 中文翻译：上周一直很忙碌。 英文例句（adv.）: Walk past the store and turn left. 中文翻译：走过那家商店然后左转。 B. migration 音标：[maɪ'ɡreɪʃn] 词性：n. 中文释义：迁移；移民 英文释义：the movement of people from one place to another, usually over a long distance or for a permanent change of home 英文例句：The birds migrate south for the winter. 中文翻译：这些鸟冬天会迁移到南方。 C. subjects 音标：['sʌbdʒɪkts] 词性：n. (subject的复数) 中文释义：主题；科目；臣民 英文释义：plural of 'subject' (a topic of conversation or study; a branch of knowledge studied in school; a person who is ruled by a king or queen) 英文例句：My favorite subjects in school are math and science. 中文翻译：我在学校最喜欢的科目是数学和科学。 D. conditions 音标：[kən'dɪʃnz] 词性：n. (condition的复数) 中文释义：条件；状况 英文释义：plural of 'condition' (a situation that must exist before something else can happen; the state of something at a particular time) 英文例句：The conditions for the experiment were carefully controlled. 中文翻译：实验的条件被仔细地控制了。 A. amount 音标：[ə'maʊnt] 词性：n. 中文释义：数量；总额 英文释义：the total quantity or sum of something 英文例句：The amount of money needed for the project is unknown. 中文翻译：项目所需的资金总额尚不清楚。 B. distance 音标：['dɪstəns] 词性：n. 中文释义：距离 英文释义：the space between two places, people, or things 英文例句：The distance from here to the city center is about 10 miles. 中文翻译：从这里到市中心的距离大约是10英里。 C. confidence 音标：['kɒnfɪdəns] 词性：n. 中文释义：信心；信任 英文释义：a feeling of being sure about your abilities or the things around you; trust in someone or something 英文例句：She has a lot of confidence in her abilities. 中文翻译：她对自己的能力很有信心。 obviously 音标：['ɒbviəsli] 词性：adv. 中文释义：显然地；明显地 英文释义：in a way that is easy to see or understand 英文例句：It's obviously not a good idea to leave the door unlocked. 中文翻译：显然，不锁门不是一个好主意。 confidence 音标：['kɒnfɪdəns] 词性：n. 中文释义：信心；信任 英文释义：a feeling of being sure of yourself and your abilities 英文例句：She spoke with confidence during the interview. 中文翻译：她在面试时讲得很自信。 pictured 音标：['pɪktʃəd] 词性：v. (picture的过去式/过去分词) 中文释义：描绘；想象 英文释义：to represent or show something in a picture or by imagination 英文例句：I pictured myself living in a big house by the sea. 中文翻译：我想象自己住在一个靠海的大房子里。 repeated 音标：[rɪ'piːtɪd] 词性：v. (repeat的过去式/过去分词)；adj. 中文释义：v. 重复；adj. 重复的 英文释义：v. to say or do something again; adj. done or said more than once 英文例句（v.）: She repeated the question for clarity. 中文翻译：为了清楚起见，她重复了那个问题。 英文例句（adj.）: The repeated mistakes annoyed him. 中文翻译：重复的错误使他恼火。 assessed 音标：[ə'sest] 词性：v. (assess的过去式/过去分词) 中文释义：评估；评价 英文释义：to judge the value, quality, or importance of something 英文例句：The damage to the house was assessed by a professional. 中文翻译：房屋损坏情况由专业人员进行了评估。 figured 音标：['fɪɡəd] 词性：v. (figure的过去式/过去分词)；adj. 中文释义：v. 计算；认为；adj. 图形的 英文释义：v. to calculate or estimate a number or amount; adj. relating to shapes or diagrams 英文例句（v.）: She figured out the cost of the trip. 中文翻译：她算出了旅行的费用。 英文例句（adj.）: The figured design on the wall is beautiful. 中文翻译：墙上的图形设计很漂亮。 presence 音标：['prezns] 词性：n. 中文释义：存在；出席 英文释义：the fact of being present or existing; attendance at a place or event 英文例句：Her presence at the meeting was reassuring. 中文翻译：她在会议上的出席令人安心。 occupation 音标：[ɒkju'peɪʃn] 词性：n. 中文释义：职业；占领 英文释义：a job or profession; the act of occupying or taking control of a place 英文例句：Teaching is her main occupation. 中文翻译：教书是她的主要职业。 destiny 音标：['destɪni] 词性：n. 中文释义：命运；天数 英文释义：the events that will happen to a person or thing in the future, which seem to be arranged by fate 英文例句：She believes that her destiny is in her own hands. 中文翻译：她相信自己的命运掌握在自己手中。 behavior 音标：[bɪ'heɪvjər] 词性：n. 中文释义：行为；举止 英文释义：the way a person or animal acts or behaves 英文例句：His behavior at the party was inappropriate. 中文翻译：他在聚会上的举止不当。 corresponded 音标：[kɒrɪ'spɒndɪd] 词性：v.（correspond的过去式/过去分词） 中文释义：符合；通信 英文释义：to be in agreement or harmony; to write letters or messages to someone 英文例句：The report corresponded with the facts. 中文翻译：报告与事实相符。 described 音标：[dɪ'skraɪbd] 词性：v.（describe的过去式/过去分词） 中文释义：描述；形容 英文释义：to give a detailed account of something 英文例句：She described the accident in great detail. 中文翻译：她详细地描述了事故经过。 practiced 音标：['præktɪst] 词性：v.（practice的过去式/过去分词） 中文释义：练习；实践 英文释义：to do something regularly to become better at it; to put into action 英文例句：He practiced the piano every day. 中文翻译：他每天练习钢琴。 estimated 音标：[ˈestɪmeɪtɪd] 词性：v.（estimate的过去式/过去分词） 中文释义：估计；估价 英文释义：to form an approximate judgment or opinion of the value, quantity, or extent of something 英文例句：The cost of the project was estimated to be $1 million. 中文翻译：该项目的成本估计为100万美元。 sight 音标：[saɪt] 词性：n. 中文释义：视力；景象；看见 英文释义：the ability to see; something that can be seen; the act of seeing 英文例句：The sight of the sunrise filled her with joy. 中文翻译：日出的景象让她满心欢喜。 track 音标：[træk] 词性：n., v. 中文释义：n. 轨迹；小路；轨道；v. 追踪；沿着…走 英文释义：n. a path or line along which something moves; v. to follow the path or movements of 英文例句（n.）: The deer left tracks in the snow. 中文翻译：鹿在雪地上留下了足迹。 英文例句（v.）: The police are tracking the suspect. 中文翻译：警察正在追踪嫌疑犯。 access 音标：['ækses] 词性：n., v. 中文释义：n. 通道；进入；使用权；v. 访问；进入 英文释义：n. a way of entering or reaching something; the right to use something; v. to enter or use something 英文例句（n.）: The building has restricted access. 中文翻译：这栋建筑有进出限制。 英文例句（v.）: She accessed her email account. 中文翻译：她访问了自己的电子邮件账户。 control 音标：[kən'trəʊl] 词性：n., v. 中文释义：n. 控制；管理；支配；v. 控制；管理；抑制 英文释义：n. the power to influence or direct people's behavior or the course of events; v. to have power over something or someone 英文例句（n.）: She lost control of the car on the slippery road. 中文翻译：她在湿滑的路上失去了对汽车的控制。 英文例句（v.）: She tried to control her anger. 中文翻译：她努力控制自己的愤怒。 proposition 音标：[prɒpə'zɪʃn] 词性：n. 中文释义：提议；命题 英文释义：a suggestion or plan put forward for consideration; a statement that is true or false 英文例句：The proposition was put to a vote. 中文翻译：该提议已付诸表决。 impression 音标：[ɪm'preʃn] 词性：n. 中文释义：印象；效果；感想 英文释义：a feeling or opinion formed about someone or something 英文例句：The movie left a lasting impression on me. 中文翻译：这部电影给我留下了深刻的印象。 expression 音标：[ɪk'spreʃn] 词性：n. 中文释义：表达；表情；措辞 英文释义：a way of showing or saying something, often with the face or voice 英文例句：Her facial expression showed her anger. 中文翻译：她的面部表情显示出她的愤怒。 exploration 音标：[ɪksplə'reɪʃn] 词性：n. 中文释义：探索；探测；探险 英文释义：the act of searching or traveling to find out about something new or unknown 英文例句：The team embarked on an exploration of the Amazon rainforest. 中文翻译：该团队开始了对亚马逊雨林的探险。 kicking 音标：['kɪkɪŋ] 词性：v.（kick的现在分词） 中文释义：踢；反抗 英文释义：to strike with the foot or leg; to show disapproval or anger 英文例句：The horse was kicking up its heels in excitement. 中文翻译：那匹马兴奋地踢着后腿。 challenging 音标：['tʃælɪndʒɪŋ] 词性：adj. 中文释义：具有挑战性的；艰巨的 英文释义：difficult but interesting or stimulating 英文例句：The project was challenging, but we managed to complete it on time. 中文翻译：这个项目很有挑战性，但我们还是按时完成了。 hustling 音标：['hʌslɪŋ] 词性：v.（hustle的现在分词） 中文释义：忙碌；催促；推销 英文释义：to be very busy or active; to urge someone to do something quickly; to sell something aggressively 英文例句：He was hustling to finish his work before the deadline. 中文翻译：他正忙着在截止日期前完成工作。 stepping 音标：['stepɪŋ] 词性：v.（step的现在分词） 中文释义：迈步；逐步进行 英文释义：to put one foot in front of the other; to proceed gradually 英文例句：She was stepping carefully over the broken glass. 中文翻译：她正小心翼翼地跨过碎玻璃。 proudest 音标：['praʊdɪst] 词性：adj.（proud的最高级） 中文释义：最骄傲的；最自豪的 英文释义：feeling the greatest pride or satisfaction 英文例句：She was her proudest moment when she received the award. 中文翻译：当她获奖时，是她最骄傲的时刻。 eagerest 音标：['iːɡərɪst] 词性：adj.（eager的最高级） 中文释义：最渴望的；最热心的 英文释义：feeling the greatest desire or enthusiasm 英文例句：He was the eagerest student in the class. 中文翻译：他是班上最渴望学习的学生。 commonest 音标：['kɒmənɪst] 词性：adj.（common的最高级） 中文释义：最常见的；最普通的 英文释义：happening or found most often 英文例句：The commonest cause of flu is a virus. 中文翻译：流感最常见的原因是病毒。 staunchest 音标：['stɔːntʃɪst] 词性：adj.（staunch的最高级） 中文释义：最坚定的；最忠实的 英文释义：showing the greatest firmness or loyalty 英文例句：He was her staunchest supporter during the difficult time. 中文翻译：在那段艰难的日子里，他是她最坚定的支持者。 equal 音标：['iːkwəl] 词性：adj., v., n. 中文释义：adj. 平等的；相等的；v. 等于；比得上；n. 对手；匹敌 英文释义：adj. having the same status, rights, or abilities; being the same in quantity, size, etc.; v. to be the same as something; to be as good as; n. a person or thing that is equal to another 英文例句（adj.）: All students should have equal opportunities. 中文翻译：所有学生都有平等的机会。 worth 音标：[wɜːθ] 词性：adj., prep., n. 中文释义：adj. 值得的；有…的价值；prep. 相当于…的价值，值得；n. 价值；财富 英文释义：adj. having a value that is equal to or greater than something; prep. equal in value to; n. the quality of being valuable 英文例句（adj.）: The book is worth reading. 中文翻译：这本书值得一读。 despite 音标：[dɪ'spaɪt] 词性：prep. 中文释义：尽管；不管 英文释义：in spite of something 英文例句：Despite the rain, we went for a walk. 中文翻译：尽管下雨，我们还是去散步了。 over 音标：[ˈəʊvə(r)] 词性：prep., adv., adj., v. 中文释义：prep. 在…的上方；超过；遍及；关于；adv. 结束；在上面；越过；adj. 上面的；结束的；过去的；v. 越过 英文释义：prep. above or higher than; more than; throughout; concerning; adv. finished; at or to the other side of; across; adj. situated above; completed; past; v. pass over or across 英文例句（prep.）: The plane flew over the city. 中文翻译：飞机飞越了城市。 turns into 音标：[tɜːnz 'ɪntʊ] 词性：phrasal verb（短语动词） 中文释义：变成；转化为 英文释义：to change into something different 英文例句：The caterpillar turns into a butterfly. 中文翻译：毛毛虫变成了蝴蝶。 turns off 音标：[tɜːnz ɒf] 词性：phrasal verb（短语动词） 中文释义：关掉；使失去兴趣 英文释义：to stop something from being on or operating; to cause someone to lose interest 英文例句：Please turn off the lights when you leave. 中文翻译：离开时请关灯。 turns out 音标：[tɜːnz aʊt] 词性：phrasal verb（短语动词） 中文释义：结果是；证明是 英文释义：to have a particular result or to be found to be true 英文例句：It turned out that he was already married. 中文翻译：结果证明他已经结婚了。 turns up 音标：[tɜːnz ʌp] 词性：phrasal verb（短语动词） 中文释义：出现；调高（音量、温度等） 英文释义：to appear or show up; to increase the volume, temperature, etc. 英文例句：He promised to help but he never turned up. 中文翻译：他答应要帮忙，但从未出现过。 七选五答案：FAGDB 二. 七选五（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Click for a Friend? How would you feel if moving to a new town meant losing track of your friends? What if the only way of getting news from faraway friends was writing letters that took ages to be delivered? 1 . Thanks to advances in technology, how we make friends and communicate with them has changed significantly. Nowadays, we can move around the world and still stay in touch with the people that we want to remain friends with. Social media tools let us see what our friends are up to and maintain friendships. 2 . The digital age also enables us to find people who share our interests, such as collecting model cars or playing an unusual instrument. Whatever our hobbies, the Internet can connect us with others who also enjoy doing them, even if they live on the other side of the world. 3 It depends. If people always exchange true personal information online, then yes, these friendships can be real and meaningful. But we need to keep in mind that what we see on social media is often not the whole truth about a person. On social media sites, people tend to post only positive updates that make them appear happy and friendly. 4 . Remember the saying: on the Internet, nobody knows you’re a dog. A young person could be old; a woman could be a man; we could even be sharing our information with criminals. 5 . Although technology has changed the way we acquire friends, the meaning of friendship and our longing for friends remain the same. As Aristotle said, no one would choose to live without friends, even if he had all other goods. A. All you need is a wi­fi connection. B. But this doesn’t mean that we should throw the baby out with the bathwater. C. But can these online “friends” be connected as conveniently as they are supposed to? D. But smiling photos can hide real problems. E. This might seem pretty strange, but obviously it would never happen to you and me. F. This was how things worked not very long ago. G. But when you “friend” people online, does this mean that they really are your friends? $$