精品解析：辽宁省抚顺市六校协作体2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试卷

英语试卷 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有 两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. What is the relationship between the woman and Greg? A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Neighbors. 2. When is the man able to attend the play? A. On Wednesday. B. On Friday. C. On Thursday. 3. What does the woman probably suggest the man buy? A. A toy car. B. A book. C. A set of VR glasses. 4. How does the man want to travel? A. By car. B. By plane. C. By train. 5. Where does this conversation take place? A. In a theatre. B. In a museum. C. In a restaurant. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What kind of coffee is the woman drinking? A. African coffee. B. Columbian coffee. C. Turkish coffee. 7. How does the woman feel about the coffee? A. It tastes like ordinary coffee. B. It is the best coffee she has ever had. C. It tastes different from the usual coffee. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Who is the woman probably? A. A tour guide. B. A station worker. C. A passenger. 9. What time is the train going to arrive in Sydney? A. At 2: 00. B. At 9: 28. C. At 11: 34. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Why does the man book the seat upstairs? A. They are a bit cheaper. B. They are close to the stage. C. They are more comfortable. 11. When does the man plan to see the performance? A. On October 21st. B. On October 25th. C. Next Sunday. 12. How much will the man pay for the tickets? A. $5. B. $10. C. $15. 听第9段材料，回答第13至 16题。 13. In which country are the speakers now? A. Canada. B. England. C. America. 14. What does the woman’s family usually do on Thanksgiving? A. Visit her neighbors. B. Wear nice clothes. C. Donate food to the poor. 15. What impressed the man at the Thanksgiving dinner? A. Being free from busy school days. B Knowing about Christmas celebrations. C. Being concerned about social problems. 16. When did everyone leave at the Thanksgiving dinner? A At 9: 00. B. At 10: 00. C. At 11: 00. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What is the highest temperature this weekend? A.20 degrees. B. 28 degrees. C. 30 degrees. 18. What record will be broken according to the speaker? A. The most sunny days during summer. B. The most forest fires in history. C. The hottest week in a decade. 19. What will be closed for two weeks? A. The beaches. B. The campsites. C. The water parks. 20. Which event will be held in early August? A. A marathon. B. A fireworks show. C. A concert in the park. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Coolest Travel Adventures Our annual Best of the World list ranks the great travel experiences. Here’s our ranked list of the top travel experiences right now. Gallery hop in São Paulo São Paulo, Brazil’s largest city holds numerous galleries and exhibitions. The crowning jewel is the Museu de Arte de São Paulo (MASP), which is expanding to showcase more of its 11,000-plus artworks, from pre-Renaissance paintings to contemporary sculptures. Breaking the tradition of the usual model of exhibiting works on walls, MASP hangs some pieces against clear panels, allowing visitors to view the art from all angles. Ride classic rails in Scotland Exploring Scotland’s wild, scenic Highlands doesn’t have to mean roughing it. Departing Edinburgh from April through October, the elegant Royal Scotsman train leads to Highlands adventures such as wild swimming, hiking, and delicacy tasting. After a day spent hiking to waterfalls or playing rounds of golf—a sport tied to the nation, guests can wind down with a massage (按摩) at the onboard. Dive with sharks in Western Australia Stretching almost 700 miles along the Indian Ocean, Western Australia’s Coral Coast is decorated with natural wonders. But Ningaloo Reef is the star. Here, you can div e with giants: Some 300 to 500 whale sharks, one of the largest groups on Earth, gather along the reef (礁) each year between March and July. Decent agencies secure divers and ensure they give the sharks space, avoid feeding them or using flash photography. Hike a glacier (冰川) in Chile Chile has the third largest continental ice extension, after only Antarctica and Greenland. In Laguna San Rafael National Park, visitors can hike to glaciers. Some 17,300 glaciers still cover the whole of Patagonia’s ice fields, but rising temperatures are rapidly melting them. Climate scientists say sustainable tourism, such as hikes, supports local communities and inspires travelers to learn more about how to protect glaciers. 1. What is special about MASP? A. It has the most exhibits in the world. B. Its way of exhibition is very different. C. Flash photography is forbidden there. D. Its exhibits last a longer period of time. 2. What makes the Royal Scotsman train journey attractive? A. An easy access to a private golf course. B. A strict no-massage policy at the onboard. C. A rough and challenging travel experience. D. A combination of adventure and relaxation. 3. What do the last two adventures have in common? A. They are limited to a specific season. B. There are shark groups in both places. C. They bring attention to ecological issues. D. They are concerned with climate changes. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是应用文。文章介绍了四个探险旅行的好去处。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Gallery hop in São Paulo 部分中的“Breaking the tradition of the usual model of exhibiting works on walls, MASP hangs some pieces against clear panels, allowing visitors to view the art from all angles. (MASP打破了通常在墙上展示作品的传统模式，将一些作品挂在透明的面板上，让参观者从各个角度观看艺术。)”可知，MASP打破了在墙壁上展示作品的传统模式，将一些作品悬挂在透明板上，由此可知，它的特殊之处在于它展示作品的模式不同。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Ride classic rails in Scotland部分中的“Departing Edinburgh from April through October, the elegant Royal Scotsman train leads to Highlands adventures such as wild swimming, hiking, and delicacy tasting. After a day spent hiking to waterfalls or playing rounds of golf—a sport tied to the nation, guests can wind down with a massage (按摩) at the onboard. (从四月到十月离开爱丁堡，优雅的Royal Scotsman火车导致高地冒险，如野生游泳，徒步旅行，和美味的品尝。在一天的瀑布徒步旅行或打高尔夫球（一项与这个国家有关的运动）之后，客人可以在船上享受按摩。)”可知，Royal Scotsman火车旅行中既有高地冒险活动，又有按摩服务，由此可知，使得Royal Scotsman旅行吸引人的地方是结合了探险活动和放松体验。故选D项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Dive with sharks in Western Australia部分中的“Decent agencies secure divers and ensure they give the sharks space, avoid feeding them or using flash photography. (体面的机构会保护潜水员，确保他们给鲨鱼空间，避免给它们喂食或使用闪光灯拍照。)”和Hike a glacier in Chile 部分中的“Climate scientists say sustainable tourism, such as hikes, supports local communities and inspires travelers to learn more about how to protect glaciers. (气候科学家表示，徒步旅行等可持续旅游可以支持当地社区，并激励旅行者更多地了解如何保护冰川。)”可知，这两个地方通过保护鲨鱼和冰川实现对生态的保护，由此可知，这两处的共同点是都关注生态问题。故选C项。 B A dad from Texas didn’t miss a beat when it came to supporting his daughter recently. Cecelia Simmons shared a video of her husband, Andre Simmons, dancing in the stands while their daughter Jazlyn and her Temple High School cheer team performed. In the video, as the cheer team members raise the small balls and go through their routine, Andre Simmons follows right along, nailing the moves right alongside them. The post shared on social media has obtained over 312,000 views. With tens of thousands of overwhelmingly positive comments on his post, people online quickly shared their reactions. They recommended Andre Simmons as “Cheer Dad of the Year” or applauded his energy and spot-on moves. Simmons himself was quick to say he’s not the best dancer and it took him a few days to learn the routine. “Once I got it down pat, I just jumped up there when I heard the band finally bring the song up and I got up there and did it with her,” he said. But the father of five said he persisted because he wanted to create a lifelong memory with his girl Jazlyn, mostly because he was constantly away for work, thereby affording limited opportunities to be in the company of her. “Since she made the cheer team, that was my way of supporting her and kind of relieving the guilt of the lost time. She thought I was doing things that she loved and surprising her with joining her in the cheer during the football game,” Simmons said. Simmons said Jazlyn and her cheer team friends were surprised and “absolutely loved” that he could join in on the fun. The proud dad said it meant “the world” to him to be able to be there for his daughter too. “I love to try to be a super dad when I’m here and create those lifelong memories and it’s something for us to look back on and enjoy together,” he said and planned on cheering some more and making more memories with Jazlyn. 4. What did Andre Simmons do at his daughter’s cheer performance? A. He danced with the team. B. He filmed the performance. C. He coached the cheer team. D. He cheered from the stands. 5. How did people find Andre Simmons’ behavior? A. Amusing. B. Disturbing. C. Odd. D. Admirable. 6. Why did Andre Simmons make such a decision? A. To win the title of “Cheer Dad of the Year”. B. To show off his newly learned dancing skills. C. To be the focus of attention on the Internet. D. To make up for being absent from Jazlyn’s life. 7. Which words can best describe Andre Simmons? A. Bearable and cautious. B. Selfless and cooperative. C. Supportive and caring. D. Ambitious and sensitive. 【答案】4. A 5. D 6. D 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是Andre Simmons在他女儿Jazlyn和她的高中啦啦队表演时，与她们一起跳舞以此支持女儿并弥补因工作繁忙而错过的陪伴时光，创造了难忘的记忆。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Cecelia Simmons shared a video of her husband, Andre Simmons, dancing in the stands while their daughter Jazlyn and her Temple High School cheer team performed. (Cecelia Simmons分享了她丈夫Andre Simmons在看台上跳舞的视频，而他们的女儿Jazlyn和她的Temple高中啦啦队在表演。)”可知，当Andre Simmons的女儿Jazlyn和她所在的啦啦队正在表演时，他在看台上跳舞。故选A。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“ With tens of thousands of overwhelmingly positive comments on his post, people online quickly shared their reactions. They recommended Andre Simmons as “Cheer Dad of the Year” or applauded his energy and spot-on moves. Simmons himself was quick to say he’s not the best dancer and it took him a few days to learn the routine.(他的帖子得到了数以万计的正面评论，网友们迅速分享了他们的反应。他们推荐Andre Simmons为“年度最佳加油爸爸”，或者称赞他的精力和精准的动作。Andre Simmons自己很快就说他不是最好的舞者，他花了几天时间来学习舞蹈。)”可知，Andre Simmons的视频获得了很多的正面评论，大家推荐Andre Simmons为“年度最佳加油爸爸”，为他的活力和到位动作喝彩。故选D。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“But the father of five said he persisted because he wanted to create a lifelong memory with his girl Jazlyn, mostly because he was constantly away for work, thereby affording limited opportunities to be in the company of her. (但这位五个孩子的父亲说，他之所以坚持这样做，是因为他想和他的女儿Jazlyn一起创造一个终生的回忆，主要是因为他经常出差，因此很少有机会陪伴她。)”可知，由于工作原因，Andre Simmons很少陪伴自己的女儿，因此想以此方式来支持并弥补她。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，Andre Simmons在他女儿Jazlyn 和她的高中啦啦队表演时与她们一起跳舞以此支持女儿并弥补因工作繁忙而错过的陪伴时光，创造了难忘的记忆。由此可知， Andre Simmons是一位给予女儿支持与关爱的父亲。C选项“Supportive and caring.(支持和关心。)”能够最好的概括该位父亲。故选C。 C In present-day Romania, a decreasing number of craftsmen practice what’s thought to be a centuries-old craft. They search the forest for a fungus (真菌), which grows within trees and sends out shelf-like mushrooms a few inches wide. The fungus is shaved lengthwise into thin strips. Those strips are then stretched to form broad sheets, which can be crafted into hats, bags, jewelry, and ornaments. As far back as 1903, Tlingit craftsmen in what is now the state of Alaska were recorded crafting purses out of a material from agarikon fungus. However, the craftsmen’s process in the early times was about searching for materials, not cultivating them for mass production. Today, the biotechnology company MycoWorks in the US is pioneering in cultivating mycelium (菌丝). Mycelium is a structural wonder — soft, dense, and strong, making it a great potential replacement for leather. The operation starts with agricultural waste, like sawdust (锯末), which is heated to remove existing microbial life. Once done, it goes into deep plates of varying sizes. Then fungus joins the party, digesting and growing. In some cases, fabric can be added for the mycelium to weave around. The sheet of mycelium is eventually peeled off the wood blocks, and growth comes to an end. It can be easily mistaken for traditional leather. MycoWorks is one of a wave of innovators, all of whom assume that a better understanding of mycelium can redefine the limits of fashion and design. In recent years, MycoWorks’ products have been used in designer bags and pillows. CEO Matt Scullin praises mycelium as a material in fashion, “It has a bit of a soft touch, and it has a bounce. It can absorb the oil s and heat from your fingers when you touch it.” “The early efforts appear to be more moral, and improve eco-footprint. Products made from such material are fully biodegradable — allowing for a future in which dealing with an old pair of shoes might mean simply composting (堆肥) them,” he added. 8. What is the author’s purpose in writing the first paragraph? A. To stress the history of growing mushrooms. B. To introduce a fashion inspired by mushrooms. C. To show ancient mushroom growing techniques. D. To present the novel use of mushrooms in fashion. 9. What does paragraph 3 focus on about mycelium? A. Its growing process. B. Its high quality. C. Its shortcomings. D. Its working life. 10. What does Matt Scullin think of mycelium as a material in the field? A. It is straightforward to grow. B. It offers a rough feel. C. It promotes sustainability. D. It is oil-and-heat resistant. 11. Which can be the best title for the text? A. Fungus Crafts: An Endangered Heritage B. Mycelium: The Green Leather Alternative C. Crafting with Nature: Romania’s Fungal Tradition D. Mycelium’s Role: From Ancient Craft to Modern Innovation 【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是一种用菌类制作的皮革材料用于时尚业的新技术。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据首段中的“Those strips are then stretched to form broad sheets, which can be crafted into hats, bags, jewelry, and ornaments. As far back as 1903, Tlingit craftsmen in what is now the state of Alaska were recorded crafting purses out of a material from agarikon fungus.(然后这些条被拉伸成宽片，可以制作成帽子、包、珠宝和装饰品。早在1903年，在现在的阿拉斯加州，有记载称特林吉特工匠用一种来自蘑菇的材料制作钱包。)”可知，罗马尼亚人和特林吉特工匠用菌类作为皮革材料制作包，由此可知，第一段的目的是展示蘑菇在时尚中的新用途。故选D项。 【9题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“The operation starts with agricultural waste, like sawdust (锯末), which is heated to remove existing microbial life. Once done, it goes into deep plates of varying sizes. Then fungus joins the party, digesting and growing. In some cases, fabric can be added for the mycelium to weave around. The sheet of mycelium is eventually peeled off the wood blocks, and growth comes to an end.(该操作从农业废物开始，如锯末，加热以去除现有的微生物生命。一旦完成，它就会被放入不同大小的深盘子中。然后真菌加入进来，消化和生长。在某些情况下，可以添加织物使菌丝体在周围编织。菌丝体最终从木块上脱落，生长结束。)”可知，此处介绍的是菌丝培养是从加热农业废物开始，完成后放入深盘子中，真菌消化生长，也可以添加织物使菌丝在其周围编织，最后从木块脱落，生长结束，由此可知，第二段主要关注的是从开始加热锯末到最终长成的过程。故选A项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据尾段中的“CEO Matt Scullin praises mycelium as a material in fashion, “It has a bit of a soft touch, and it has a bounce. It can absorb the oil s and heat from your fingers when you touch it.” “The early efforts appear to be more moral, and improve eco-footprint. Products made from such material are fully biodegradable — allowing for a future in which dealing with an old pair of shoes might mean simply composting (堆肥) them,” he added.(首席执行官马特·斯卡林称赞菌丝体是一种时尚材料，“它有一点柔软的触感，它有弹性。当你触摸它时，它可以吸收手指上的油和热量。“早期的努力似乎更符合道德，并改善了生态足迹。”由这种材料制成的产品是完全可生物降解的，未来处理一双旧鞋可能意味着简单的堆肥”他补充道。)”可知，首席执行官马特·斯卡林称赞菌丝体是一种时尚材料，他认为这种材料制成的产品是完全可以生物降解的，由此可知，马特·斯卡林认为菌丝体作为该领域的一种材料促进可持续性。故选C项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据首段介绍的罗马尼亚人和特林吉特工匠用菌类作为皮革材料制作包引出本文的话题——菌类在时尚中的新用途，结合第二段中的“Today, the biotechnology company MycoWorks in the US is pioneering in cultivating mycelium (菌丝). Mycelium is a structural wonder—soft, dense, and strong, making it a great potential replacement for leather.(今天，美国的生物技术公司MycoWorks是培养菌丝体的先驱。菌丝体是一种结构奇迹——柔软、致密、坚固，使其成为皮革的潜在替代品。)”以及下文中介绍的菌丝的培养过程和马特·斯卡林对菌丝体作为时尚界的一种材料的看法可知，本文主要介绍的是菌丝体可以成为皮革的替代品，所以标题“菌丝体：绿色皮革的替代品”与本文的主题吻合，适合作为最佳标题。故选B项。 D When you hear the word “uncertainty”, how do you feel? Scared, anxious, excited or challenged? With many global challenges still ongoing, we are likely to face even more of the unknown, so we had better get accustomed to managing it. So how do we detect uncertainty and which part of the brain is responsible for it? Researchers have found that noradrenaline (去甲肾上腺素) is the key chemical involved in our response to uncertainty. To investigate the role noradrenaline plays when we are faced with uncertain events, scientists at Massachusetts Institute of Technology conducted an experiment with mice. The animals were trained to push a lever (杠杆) down when they heard a high frequency noise. If they did this, they were rewarded with a drink of water. They were also trained to learn that they’d receive an unpleasant puff of air if the lever was activated when a low frequency noise was played. But the researchers added in an element of uncertainty by including a sound where the frequency was unclear. From this experiment, the researchers discovered that a small part in the brain called the locus coeruleus — an area that modulates noradrenaline — was essential in detecting uncertainty. When the high frequency was clear and the reward was expected for the mice, their noradrenaline release was small. But when the outcome wasn’t clear, and the reward was a surprise, the release was much larger. This was how the mice’s brains learned to deal with uncertainty. A study with humans was also carried out. They discovered that the subjects’ neurons (神经元) in the prefrontal cortex (前额叶皮质) respond much more to loss than to gain. Namely, this area rules our avoidance behaviour when we are under stress. This helps us understand our unwillingness to expose ourselves to uncertainty. Once we understand that our cognitive and emotional responses to uncertainty are a necessary part of the human experience. Acknowledge instead of fear them, perhaps making big decisions can seem less stressful. 12. What is the uncertainty in the experiment with mice? A. The high frequency noise. B. A drink of water as a reward. C. The action to push a lever down. D. The noise with unclear frequency. 13. What does the underlined word “modulates” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Removes. B. Adjusts. C. Lessens. D. Boosts. 14. How does the prefrontal cortex influence our choices when we’re stressed? A. By seeking rewarding outcome. B. By maintaining balance. C. By avoiding negative outcome. D. By reducing uncertainty. 15. What does the author want to tell us in the text? A. Responses to uncertainty come naturally. B. Uncertainty gives birth to potential risks. C. Experiments can predict expected outcomes. D. Noradrenaline tends to result from uncertainty. 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人面临不确定时会变得紧张焦虑的生理过程和有关检测不确定性的研究。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“But the researchers added in an element of uncertainty by including a sound where the frequency was unclear.(但研究人员通过在频率不清楚的地方加入声音，增加了不确定性。)”可知，老鼠实验中的不确定性是频率不明确的声音。故选D。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段中“When the high frequency was clear and the reward was expected for the mice, their noradrenaline release was small. But when the outcome wasn’t clear, and the reward was a surprise, the release was much larger. This was how the mice’s brains learned to deal with uncertainty.(当高频信号清晰时，老鼠的去甲肾上腺素释放量很小。但当结果不明确，奖励是一个惊喜时，释放量要大得多。这就是老鼠大脑学会处理不确定性的方式。)”可知，高频噪音出现，小鼠预期会得到奖励时，它们释放很少去甲肾上腺素。但当结果不明确，奖励是一个惊喜时，它们释放大量去甲肾上腺素。所以locus coeruleus在不断调节去甲肾上腺素。故划线词与B选项“Adjusts(调节)”为同义词。故选B。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中“They discovered that the subjects’ neurons (神经元) in the prefrontal cortex (前额叶皮质) respond much more to loss than to gain. Namely, this area rules our avoidance behaviour when we are under stress. This helps us understand our unwillingness to expose ourselves to uncertainty.(他们发现，受试者前额叶皮层的神经元对损失的反应要比对获得的反应强烈得多。也就是说，当我们处于压力之下时，这个区域控制着我们的逃避行为。这有助于我们理解我们不愿意将自己暴露在不确定性中。)”可知，前额皮质中的神经元对失败的反应远远大于对回报的反应，这个区域支配着人在压力下的回避行为，即当我们感到压力时，前额皮质会通过避免负面结果影响我们的选择。故选C。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Once we understand that our cognitive and emotional responses to uncertainty are a necessary part of the human experience. Acknowledge instead of fear them, perhaps making big decisions can seem less stressful.(一旦我们明白我们对不确定性的认知和情感反应是人类经历的必要组成部分。承认它们而不是害怕它们，也许做出重大决定会显得不那么有压力。)”可知，文章告诉我们：当面对不确定时，人的一系列反应都是身体自然的反应过程。故选A。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Improve Your Social Life? Being social can help you build meaningful connections, come out of your shell, and feel less isolated. If you want to know how to be social, see the following steps to be on your way. Be fully engaged. If you want to seem interesting to others, you will have to show interest in them. When you are talking to somebody, listen to what they are saying rather than worrying about what you should be saying. ___16___ Avoid constantly checking your phone or looking around while you are in the middle of a conversation. These types of things come across as rude. Watch your gestures. How you position your body sends a message to other people. If you want to be approached by others, you should avoid standing in the corner, crossing your arms, staring at your phone, and frowning. Making eye contact with others shows them that you are friendly, open, and non-intimidating. ___17___ Embrace opportunities to meet new people. This means you will have to get out of your comfort zone to interact with others. ___18___ Take trips to new places and strike up casual conversations with those you meet. You never know when a stranger can turn into your new best friend, business partner, or love interest! ___19___ If you are constantly waiting around for people to call you or invite you, then you are wasting your life. ___20___ If you want to show people that you value their friendships, you will have to reach out to them. Keep in touch with friends, even if you don’t live in the same town. Pick up the phone and call them, send them a text, or e-mail them asking how they’ve been. A. Initiate interactions. B. Fit in with the occasion. C. Accept invitations to parties and social gatherings. D. You’ll be more likely to stir up positive interactions. E. Plus, everybody looks more attractive when they smile. F. Relationships are built upon joint efforts of both involved. G. Make eye contact, nod your head, and ask them follow-up questions. 【答案】16. G 17. E 18. C 19. A 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是四个提高社交能力的方法。 【16题详解】 根据本段的主题句“Be fully engaged.(全身心投入。)”可知，本段建议社交是要全身心投入，根据空前的“When you are talking to somebody, listen to what they are saying rather than worrying about what you should be saying.(当你和别人说话时，倾听他们在说什么，而不是担心你应该说什么。)”可知，在别人说话时应该倾听别人在说什么，由此可推测，此空讲述的应与倾听的时候怎么做相关，G选项“Make eye contact, nod your head, and ask them follow-up questions.(眼神交流，点头，并问他们后续问题。)”讲述的是在别人说话时如何做，承接了空前的内容，且与本段的主题“全身心投入”的要求吻合。故选G项。 【17题详解】 根据空前的“Making eye contact with others shows them that you are friendly, open, and non-intimidating.(与他人进行眼神交流会让他们觉得你友好、开放、不吓人。)”可知，此处介绍了社交活动时恰当使用眼神交流，E选项“Plus, everybody looks more attractive when they smile.(另外，每个人微笑的时候看起来都更有吸引力。)”讲述的是微笑时人们看起来更有吸引力，与空前的“Making eye contact”呼应，且对上文内容的补充，符合语境。故选E项。 【18题详解】 根据本段的主题句“Embrace opportunities to meet new people.(欣然接受结识新朋友的机会。)”可知，本段建议抓住结识新朋友的机会，C选项“Accept invitations to parties and social gatherings.(接受派对和社交聚会的邀请。)”中的“parties and social gatherings”都是结识新朋友的场合，符合本段主题，且与空后的“Take trips to new places and strike up casual conversations with those you meet.(去新的地方旅行，和你遇到的人随便聊聊。)”内容呼应，均有助于认识新朋友。故选C项。 【19题详解】 分析语篇可知，此处为本段的主题句，结合其它段落的主题句可知，此处应为祈使句，根据空后的“If you are constantly waiting around for people to call you or invite you, then you are wasting your life.(如果你总是等着别人给你打电话或邀请你，那你就是在浪费你的生命。)”以及下文中的“If you want to show people that you value their friendships, you will have to reach out to them.(如果你想向人们表明你重视他们的友谊，你就必须主动接触他们。)”可知，本段主要介绍的是主动去联系别人，而不是等着别人来接触你，A选项“Initiate interactions.(主动发起互动)”为祈使句，讲述的内容与本段内容一致，且概括了本段的主题。故选A项。 【20题详解】 根据空前的“If you are constantly waiting around for people to call you or invite you, then you are wasting your life.(如果你总是等着别人给你打电话或邀请你，那你就是在浪费你的生命。)”可知，等着别人主动联系你，那是在浪费生命，F选项“Relationships are built upon joint efforts of both involved.(关系建立在双方共同努力的基础上。)”讲述的内容是对空前内容做出的解释，而且空后“If you want to show people that you value their friendships, you will have to reach out to them.(如果你想向人们表明你重视他们的友谊，你就必须主动接触他们。)”讲述的内容是对F选项讲述的内容提出了具体的做法，符合语境。故选F项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I was to retire three months later. My wife Sonia and I had planned to go for a three-week trip to Canada. Then one day, Sonia noticed fluttering (颤动) in my shoulders, but I didn’t give it much ___21___. A month later, however, my hands started becoming ___22___. Around that time, I was watching The Split. There was a ___23___ about a doctor diagnosed (诊断) with motor neurone disease (MND)—a rare condition that affects the brain and nerves, for which there is no cure. I had ___24___ symptoms (症状) and it got me thinking. Then I met with a ___25___ and the test results took a week to be ___26___. Exactly on the day after I retired, I received the diagnosis I’d been ___27___ —MND. Sonia and I were supposed to be going to take our holiday in five days! We were so ___28___ and considered quitting, but a friend convinced us, “If you don’t go, you’ll regret it.” ___29___, we set off on the adventure as scheduled. For the initial days, we weren’t in the mood for fun, as we were still ____30____ by my diagnosis. But quickly we realized we wouldn’t let MND ____31____ our every day. Then we made a (n) ____32____: Every day we’d allow ourselves only 10 minutes to talk about my illness and cry if we wanted. After that, we’d focus on having fun. These days, my ____33____ is limited. In spite of the case, we’re delighted to have gone on our Canadian adventure, which was ____34____ with special moments. We don’t know what the future holds, but the memory will ____35____. 21. A. shot B. thought C. push D. sense 22. A. frozen B. flexible C. awkward D. artificial 23. A. plot B. title C. view D. faith 24. A. severe B. former C. rare D. similar 25. A. dentist B. consultant C. psychologist D. composer 26. A. shocking B. correct C. available D. approving 27. A. fearing B. refreshing C. expecting D. fighting 28. A. decent B. expert C. regretful D. emotional 29. A. Luckily B. Ultimately C. Annually D. Previously 30. A. inspired B. warned C. upset D. delayed 31. A. take over B. reflect on C. make up D. figure out 32. A. fortune B. difference C. error D. rule 33. A. budget B. mobility C. nutrition D. freedom 34. A. armed B. engaged C. packed D. charged 35. A. remain B. fade C. recover D. repeat 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍的是作者在退休前夕被诊断出患有运动神经元病，尽管如此，作者和妻子仍坚持去加拿大旅行，决定不让病情影响他们的旅程。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后有一天，索尼娅注意到我的肩膀在抖动，但我没有多想。A. shot射击；B. thought思想；C. push动力；D. sense感觉。根据上文中的“Then one day, Sonia noticed fluttering (颤动) in my shoulders”可知，Sonia注意到作者的肩膀抖动，结合but可知，此处指的是作者对这件事没有给予太多的“想法”，也就是没有想太多，符合语境。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，一个月后，我的手开始变得笨拙起来。A. frozen冻僵的；B. flexible灵活的；C. awkward笨拙的；D. artificial人造的。根据上文中的“”Sonia noticed fluttering (颤动) in my shoulders”可知，作者的肩膀在抖动，一个月后，病情应是加重，所以此处指的是手开始变得“笨拙”符合语境。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一个关于一个医生被诊断出患有运动神经元疾病的情节，这是一种影响大脑和神经的罕见疾病，无法治愈。A. plot情节；B. title标题；C. view观点；D. faith信任。根据上文中的“Around that time, I was watching The Split.”可知，作者在看《分裂》，结合下文中的“about a doctor diagnosed (诊断) with motor neurone disease (MND)”可知，一位医生被诊断患有运动神经元疾病，由此可知，此处指的是作者所看剧目中的一个“情节”符合语境。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我也有相似的症状，这让我开始思考。A. severe严重的；B. former以前的；C. rare稀有的；D. similar相似的。根据上文中的“Then one day, Sonia noticed fluttering (颤动) in my shoulders, but I didn’t give it much ___1___. A month later, however, my hands started becoming ___2___ .”可知，作者的肩膀抖动，一个月后，手开始变得笨拙，结合下文中的“it got me thinking.”可知，这让作者开始思考，由此可推断，此处指的是作者有着“相似的”症状。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我去见了一位会诊医师，测试结果花了一个星期才出来。A. dentist牙医；B. consultant会诊医师；C. psychologist心里学家；D. composer作曲家。根据下文中的“Exactly on the day after I retired, I received the diagnosis”可知，作者在退休后的第二天收到了诊断结果，由此可知，此处指的是去见一位“会诊医师”符合语境。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后我去见了一位会诊医生，测试结果花了一个星期才可以获得。A. shocking令人震惊的；B. correct正确的；C. available可获得的；D. approving赞成的。根据上文中的“Then I met with a ___5___ and the test results took a week”可知，作者去见一位会诊医生，结合下文中的“Exactly on the day after I retired, I received the diagnosis”可知，作者退休后的第二天收到诊断结果，由此可知，此处指的是要一个星期才能“获得”结果。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在我退休后的第二天，我收到了我一直担心的诊断——运动神经元疾病。A. fearing担心；B. refreshing振奋；C. expecting期望；D. fighting战斗。根据上文中的“There was a ___3___ about a doctor diagnosed (诊断) with motor neurone disease (MND)—a rare condition that affects the brain and nerves, for which there is no cure.”可知，MND是一种影响大脑和神经的罕见疾病，无法治愈，结合下文中的MND可知，此处指的是作者一直“担心”的诊断结果。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们当时情绪激动，想要放弃，但一位朋友说服了我们：“如果你不去，你会后悔的。”A. decent体面的；B. expert擅长的；C. regretful后悔的；D. emotional情绪激动的。根据上文中的“Exactly on the day after I retired, I received the diagnosis I’d been __7___ —MND.”可知，作者最终被诊断患有一直让他担心的疾病——运动神经元疾病，由此可知，作者知道结果后应该是“情绪激动的”符合语境。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，我们按计划出发了。A. Luckily幸运地；B. Ultimately最终；C. Annually每年的；D. Previously以前地。根据上文中的“We were so ___8___ and considered quitting, but a friend convinced us, “If you don’t go, you’ll regret it.””可知，作者他们打算放弃旅行，但是朋友劝说他们不要放弃，结合下文中的“we set off on the adventure as scheduled.”可知，作者他们还是按计划出发了，由此可知，此处应为“最终”符合语境。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在最初的几天里，我们没有心情玩，因为我们仍然对我的诊断感到不安。A. inspired激励；B. warned警告；C. upset使不安；D. delayed耽误。根据上文中的“For the initial days, we weren’t in the mood for fun”可知，最初几天作者他们没有心情玩，结合下文中的“by my diagnosis.”可知，此处指的是诊断使得作者他们“不安”，符合语境。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：但很快我们就意识到，我们不能让运动神经元疾病取代我们的每一天。A. take over取代，接管；B. reflect on反思；C. make up构成，化妆；D. figure out弄清楚。根据上文中的“For the initial days, we weren’t in the mood for fun, as we were still ___10___ by my diagnosis.”可知，作者他们被诊断结果弄的没有心情玩，结合“But quickly we realized”可知，作者意识到不能让运动神经元疾病“掌管”每一天，符合语境。故选A项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我们制定了一个规则：每天我们只给自己10分钟的时间谈论我的病，如果我们想哭就哭。A. fortune命运；B. difference区别；C. error错误；D. rule规则。根据下文中的“Every day we’d allow ourselves only 10 minutes to talk about my illness and cry if we wanted. After that, we’d focus on having fun.”可知，每天只给自己10分钟的时间谈论疾病，如果想哭就哭，由此可知，这些应该是作者给自己制定的一些“规则”符合语境。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些天，我的行动不便。A. budget预算；B. mobility移动的能力；C. nutrition营养；D. freedom自由。根据常识和上文中的“Exactly on the day after I retired, I received the diagnosis I’d been ___7____ —MND.”可知，作者被诊断患上了运动神经元疾病，这种疾病会影响到人的移动能力，由此可知，此处指的是“移动能力”受到限制，也就是“行动不便”符合语境。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，我们还是很高兴能踏上加拿大的冒险之旅，这趟旅程充满了特别的时刻。A. armed武装；B. engaged从事，参与；C. packed塞满；D. charged收费。根据语境和上文中的“In spite of the case, we’re delighted to have gone on our Canadian adventure”可知，作者被诊断出患上了运动神经元疾病，但作者他们还是按计划能踏上加拿大的冒险之旅，由此可知，这趟旅行应该是“充满”特别时刻，be packed with意为“充满”。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们不知道未来会怎样，但记忆会留存。A. remain继续存在；B. fade褪色；C. recover恢复；D. repeat重复。根据上文中的“We don’t know what the future holds”可知，作者不知道未来会怎样，结合but可知，此处指的是记忆会“继续存在”。故选A项。 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Mamianqun or the horse-faced skirt originated from the Song Dynasty, but it gained popularity among women during later Ming and Qing dynasties. ___36___ truly sets mamianqun apart is the intricate pleats (褶) that are both abundant and distinctive. The pleats are not only decorative, they allow for ___37___ (free) of movement. Now designers draw their inspiration from traditional Chinese cultural elements to create charming patterns on the skirts. Mamianqun isn’t just for historical reenactments (重演). It’s an item of clothing ___38___ (perfect) suitable for everyday wear, even in a contemporary office setting. ___39___ design of mamianqun combines tradition with modernity, ___40___ (make) it not just a relic of the past, but a functional and stylish addition to the modern wardrobe (衣橱). Now mamianqun is making an even ___41___ (huge) comeback compared to most of times. People wear it either in the streets or in the office. This resurgence (复兴) is fueled by a growing sense of cultural pride, which promotes people ___42___ (honor) their heritage by having traditional clothing into their daily wardrobes. Caoxian, ___43___ (know) as the heart of mamianqun manufacturing, is a county in Shandong Province. Caoxian holds a deep cultural heritage of han fu, Chinese traditional clothing, and is home ___44___ numerous han fu enterprises. With the rise of online shopping, the local han fu industry of Caoxian ____45____ (grow) rapidly in recent years. 【答案】36 What 37. freedom 38. perfectly 39. The 40. making 41. huger 42. to honor 43. known 44. to 45. has grown##has been growing 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是马面裙的历史、设计及其复兴。 【36题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：真正让马面裙与众不同的是其丰富而独特的复杂褶皱。该句是由连接词引导的主语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以使用连接代词，结合句意，此处指的是事物，所以使用连接代词what，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填What。 【37题详解】 考查名词。句意：褶皱不仅是装饰性的，它们还允许自由运动。根据该空前的动词短语allow for可知，此处应该用名词形式作宾语，free的名词为freedom意为“自由”。故填freedom。 【38题详解】 考查副词。句意：这是一件非常适合日常穿着的衣服，即使在现代办公环境中也是如此。此处应该用副词来修饰形容词，表示程度，perfect的副词为perfectly意为“十分；非常”符合句意。 故填perfectly。 【39题详解】 考查冠词。句意：马面裙的设计将传统与现代相结合，使其不仅是过去的遗物，而且是现代衣柜的功能和时尚补充。结合句意可知，此处指的是“马面裙的设计”，所以表示特指，应使用定冠词the，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填The。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：马面裙的设计将传统与现代相结合，使其不仅是过去的遗物，而且是现代衣柜的功能和时尚补充。此处为非谓语动词作状语，动词make 与其前面的句子是主动关系，所以此处使用现在分词形式作状语。故填making。 【41题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：现在，与大多数时候相比，马面裙正在更大规模地回归。根据该句中的副词 even 以及 compared to most of times可知，此处应该用该形容词的比较级。故填huger。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这种复兴是由一种日益增长的文化自豪感推动的，这种自豪感促使人们通过将传统服装纳入日常衣橱来纪念他们的遗产。此处为非谓语动词作宾补，根据promote sb to do sth意为“促使某人做某事”可知，此处应使用动词不定式形式。故填to honor。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：曹县是山东省的一个县，被称为马面裙制造业的中心。此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词Caoxian，know与名词Caoxian之间为被动关系，所以此处应该用过去分词作后置定语。故填known。 【44题详解】 考查介词。句意：曹县拥有深厚的汉服文化遗产，是众多汉服企业的所在地。此处为固定短语be home to...意为“是……的所在地”符合句意，所以此处使用介词to。故填to。 【45题详解】 考查谓语动词。句意：随着网络购物的兴起，曹县当地的汉服产业近年来发展迅速。此处为谓语动词，根据该句中的时间状语 in recent years可知，此处应该用现在完成时表示“该动作发生在过去，持续到现在”或者现在完成进行时表示“该动作一直在进行”，grow与主语the local han fu industry of Caoxian之间为主动关系，且主语为名词单数形式。故填has grown/has been growing。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，暑假即将来临，你校英语社团向同学们征询暑期学生社会实践活动的建议。请你给负责此活动的外教Mr. Smith写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 活动建议； 2. 活动意义； 3. 你的期待。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Mr. Smith, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Mr. Smith, As the summer break approaches, I am excited to share my ideas for a student social practice activity that could be organized by our English Association. I propose we organize a “Community English Teaching Program” where our members can volunteer to teach English to children in local communities. Through this activity, not only will our students help the children improve their language skills and help our students apply what they have learned in practice, but also they can foster a sense of social responsibility and enhance their communication skills. I’m convinced that it will be a rewarding experience for all involved. I am looking forward to hearing your thoughts and hope we can make this initiative a success. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。校英语社团向同学们征询暑期学生社会实践活动的建议，要求考生给负责此活动的外教Mr. Smith写一封邮件，内容包括活动建议、活动的意义以及对活动的期待。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 激动的：excited →thrilled 建议：propose →suggest 技能：skill →technique 提高：enhance →improve 2. 句式拓展 句式转换 原句：As the summer break approaches, I am excited to share my ideas for a student social practice activity that could be organized by our English Association. 拓展句：With the summer break approaching, I am excited to share my ideas for a student social practice activity that could be organized by our English Association. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I propose we organize a “Community English Teaching Program” where our members can volunteer to teach English to children in local communities. (运用了where引导的定语从句) 【高分句型2】Through this activity, not only will our students help the children improve their language skills and help our students apply what they have learned in practice, but also they can foster a sense of social responsibility and enhance their communication skills. (运用了“not only…but also…”连接并列句、not only置于句首引出的部分倒装句和what引导的宾语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 That year, I was 16 years old and my father had just passed away in that cold late autumn. There were no Thanksgiving celebrating plans in my family that year. To make ends meet, my mother worked two jobs as a cleaning lady, and I had a part-time job in the downtown. It was the Thanksgiving night and it was raining and blowing. The shops were closed and the streets were decorated with the colorful lamps for the grant festival. My shift at work was over and I waited for the bus alone in the station. The wind blew my thin coat and threatened to tear my worn-out hand-knit hat that my mother had knitted for me years ago. Wearing a pair of discolored pants, I shivered against the cold wind, deep in thought about how my father’s death led to my family heart broken and how my mother and I struggled to work to support our family. A bus approached as I thought these things. Fortunately, a seat on the bus was unoccupied and I took it with delight, placing my feet on the perfect spot close to the heater. I cherished the small comfort of the warmth as it seeped (渗透) through the bottom of my wet feet. Then a gentleman, perhaps in his 60s, appeared from somewhere in the back of the bus. He wore a hat and a fine woolen scarf. Then he stopped and sat down next to me, placing a shopping bag between us. Through the transparent shopping bag under my nose, I vaguely saw a box with chocolate printed on it, a box with a music box printed on it, and a clothing-type thing. These must be the gifts for a certain girl and I also wished to get such gifts. When he noticed my stare, I looked away immediately and curled up to keep warm, or rather, to hide my embarrassment. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Then the gentleman took the initiative to break the silence and started talking to me. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ He was nearly off the bus when suddenly I found he forgot his shopping bag. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文： Then the gentleman took the initiative to break the silence and started talking to me. He asked about my day, his eyes kind and sincere. At first, I hesitated to share with a stranger, but his warm smile and the festive spirit in the air encouraged me to open up. I told him about my father, the struggles of my working, and the quiet Thanksgiving we were having at home. He listened attentively, comforting me occasionally with uplifting and loving words. After quite a while, the bus stopped. The man pulled himself up, glanced at his bag and then said to me, “I get off here. Hope you a happy Thanksgiving.” Feeling inspired, I waved him goodbye. He was nearly off the bus when suddenly I found he forgot his shopping bag. Before the bus doors shut, I rushed to the doors and called out to him, “Wait! You forgot your bag!” “I left it for you. Keep it, girl!” he responded, still with a warm smile. Then the bus doors closed behind him, and the gentleman faded away from my sight. Shocked and delighted, I returned to my seat to take the shopping bag, carefully unfolding it. There lived a box of chocolate, a bright tiny music box and a brand-new scarf. Recognizing the kindness of the gentleman, I felt a sense of hope for life. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，文章的主旨讲述了16岁的作者在感恩节夜晚独自等待公交车的经历。她的父亲刚刚去世，家里没有了过节的欢乐气氛。在等待过程中，一位好心的老绅士主动与她攀谈，给予她温暖和鼓励。当老绅士下车时，他故意留下了一个装有巧克力、小音乐盒和一条新围巾的购物袋给女孩。这份意外的礼物不仅温暖了作者的身心，也让她重新感受到了生活的希望。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“然后这位先生主动打破沉默，开始和我说话。”可知，第一段可描写作者最终向这位陌生人敞开了心扉，陌生人用充满爱的话安慰和鼓励作者。 ②由第二段首句内容“他快要下公共汽车时，我突然发现他忘了带购物袋。”可知，第二段可描写陌生人将购物袋中的礼物送给作者，这份意外的礼物让作者倍感温暖，重新感受生活的希望。 2.续写线索： 犹豫是否敞开心扉——陌生人认真倾听并安慰鼓励——陌生人下车祝愿作者节日快乐——陌生人留下礼物——意外礼物让作者倍感温暖——最终感悟 3词汇激活 行为类 ①激励：encourage/inspire ②.期望：hope/expect ③.冲向：rush to/run to 情绪类 ①.震惊：shocked/astonished ②.高兴的：delighted/exhilarated 【点睛】[高分句型1]. He listened attentively, comforting me occasionally with uplifting and loving words. （运用了在分词作状语的结构） [高分句型2]. Shocked and delighted, I returned to my seat to take the shopping bag, carefully unfolding it.（运用了形容词作状语和现在分词作状语） 听力：1—5 ABCBC 6—10 BACCA 11—15 ABABC 16—20ABACB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 英语试卷 注意事项： 1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有 两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. What is the relationship between the woman and Greg? A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Neighbors. 2. When is the man able to attend the play? A. On Wednesday. B. On Friday. C. On Thursday. 3. What does the woman probably suggest the man buy? A. A toy car. B. A book. C. A set of VR glasses. 4. How does the man want to travel? A. By car. B. By plane. C. By train. 5. Where does this conversation take place? A. In a theatre. B. In a museum. C. In a restaurant. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What kind of coffee is the woman drinking? A. African coffee. B. Columbian coffee. C. Turkish coffee. 7. How does the woman feel about the coffee? A. It tastes like ordinary coffee. B. It is the best coffee she has ever had. C. It tastes different from the usual coffee. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Who is the woman probably? A. A tour guide. B. A station worker. C. A passenger. 9. What time is the train going to arrive in Sydney? A. At 2: 00. B. At 9: 28. C. At 11: 34. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Why does the man book the seat upstairs? A. They are a bit cheaper. B. They are close to the stage. C. They are more comfortable. 11. When does the man plan to see the performance? A. On October 21st. B. On October 25th. C. Next Sunday. 12. How much will the man pay for the tickets? A. $5. B. $10. C. $15. 听第9段材料，回答第13至 16题。 13. In which country are the speakers now? A Canada. B. England. C. America. 14. What does the woman’s family usually do on Thanksgiving? A. Visit her neighbors. B. Wear nice clothes. C. Donate food to the poor. 15. What impressed the man at the Thanksgiving dinner? A. Being free from busy school days. B. Knowing about Christmas celebrations. C. Being concerned about social problems. 16. When did everyone leave at the Thanksgiving dinner? A. At 9: 00. B. At 10: 00. C. At 11: 00. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What is the highest temperature this weekend? A.20 degrees. B. 28 degrees. C. 30 degrees. 18. What record will be broken according to the speaker? A. The most sunny days during summer. B The most forest fires in history. C. The hottest week in a decade. 19. What will be closed for two weeks? A. The beaches. B. The campsites. C. The water parks. 20. Which event will be held in early August? A. A marathon. B. A fireworks show. C. A concert in the park. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Coolest Travel Adventures Our annual Best of the World list ranks the great travel experiences. Here’s our ranked list of the top travel experiences right now. Gallery hop in São Paulo São Paulo, Brazil’s largest city holds numerous galleries and exhibitions. The crowning jewel is the Museu de Arte de São Paulo (MASP), which is expanding to showcase more of its 11,000-plus artworks, from pre-Renaissance paintings to contemporary sculptures. Breaking the tradition of the usual model of exhibiting works on walls, MASP hangs some pieces against clear panels, allowing visitors to view the art from all angles. Ride classic rails in Scotland Exploring Scotland’s wild, scenic Highlands doesn’t have to mean roughing it. Departing Edinburgh from April through October, the elegant Royal Scotsman train leads to Highlands adventures such as wild swimming, hiking, and delicacy tasting. After a day spent hiking to waterfalls or playing rounds of golf—a sport tied to the nation, guests can wind down with a massage (按摩) at the onboard. Dive with sharks in Western Australia Stretching almost 700 miles along the Indian Ocean, Western Australia’s Coral Coast is decorated with natural wonders. But Ningaloo Reef is the star. Here, you can div e with giants: Some 300 to 500 whale sharks, one of the largest groups on Earth, gather along the reef (礁) each year between March and July. Decent agencies secure divers and ensure they give the sharks space, avoid feeding them or using flash photography. Hike a glacier (冰川) in Chile Chile has the third largest continental ice extension, after only Antarctica and Greenland. In Laguna San Rafael National Park, visitors can hike to glaciers. Some 17,300 glaciers still cover the whole of Patagonia’s ice fields, but rising temperatures are rapidly melting them. Climate scientists say sustainable tourism, such as hikes, supports local communities and inspires travelers to learn more about how to protect glaciers. 1. What is special about MASP? A. It has the most exhibits in the world. B. Its way of exhibition is very different. C. Flash photography is forbidden there. D. Its exhibits last a longer period of time. 2. What makes the Royal Scotsman train journey attractive? A. An easy access to a private golf course. B. A strict no-massage policy at the onboard. C. A rough and challenging travel experience. D. A combination of adventure and relaxation. 3. What do the last two adventures have in common? A. They are limited to a specific season. B. There are shark groups in both places. C. They bring attention to ecological issues. D. They are concerned with climate changes. B A dad from Texas didn’t miss a beat when it came to supporting his daughter recently. Cecelia Simmons shared a video of her husband, Andre Simmons, dancing in the stands while their daughter Jazlyn and her Temple High School cheer team performed. In the video, as the cheer team members raise the small balls and go through their routine, Andre Simmons follows right along, nailing the moves right alongside them. The post shared on social media has obtained over 312,000 views. With tens of thousands of overwhelmingly positive comments on his post, people online quickly shared their reactions. They recommended Andre Simmons as “Cheer Dad of the Year” or applauded his energy and spot-on moves. Simmons himself was quick to say he’s not the best dancer and it took him a few days to learn the routine. “Once I got it down pat, I just jumped up there when I heard the band finally bring the song up and I got up there and did it with her,” he said. But the father of five said he persisted because he wanted to create a lifelong memory with his girl Jazlyn, mostly because he was constantly away for work, thereby affording limited opportunities to be in the company of her. “Since she made the cheer team, that was my way of supporting her and kind of relieving the guilt of the lost time. She thought I was doing things that she loved and surprising her with joining her in the cheer during the football game,” Simmons said. Simmons said Jazlyn and her cheer team friends were surprised and “absolutely loved” that he could join in on the fun. The proud dad said it meant “the world” to him to be able to be there for his daughter too. “I love to try to be a super dad when I’m here and create those lifelong memories and it’s something for us to look back on and enjoy together,” he said and planned on cheering some more and making more memories with Jazlyn. 4. What did Andre Simmons do at his daughter’s cheer performance? A. He danced with the team. B. He filmed the performance. C. He coached the cheer team. D. He cheered from the stands. 5. How did people find Andre Simmons’ behavior? A. Amusing. B. Disturbing. C. Odd. D. Admirable. 6 Why did Andre Simmons make such a decision? A. To win the title of “Cheer Dad of the Year”. B. To show off his newly learned dancing skills. C. To be the focus of attention on the Internet. D. To make up for being absent from Jazlyn’s life. 7. Which words can best describe Andre Simmons? A. Bearable and cautious. B. Selfless and cooperative. C. Supportive and caring. D. Ambitious and sensitive. C In present-day Romania, a decreasing number of craftsmen practice what’s thought to be a centuries-old craft. They search the forest for a fungus (真菌), which grows within trees and sends out shelf-like mushrooms a few inches wide. The fungus is shaved lengthwise into thin strips. Those strips are then stretched to form broad sheets, which can be crafted into hats, bags, jewelry, and ornaments. As far back as 1903, Tlingit craftsmen in what is now the state of Alaska were recorded crafting purses out of a material from agarikon fungus. However, the craftsmen’s process in the early times was about searching for materials, not cultivating them for mass production. Today, the biotechnology company MycoWorks in the US is pioneering in cultivating mycelium (菌丝). Mycelium is a structural wonder — soft, dense, and strong, making it a great potential replacement for leather. The operation starts with agricultural waste, like sawdust (锯末), which is heated to remove existing microbial life. Once done, it goes into deep plates of varying sizes. Then fungus joins the party, digesting and growing. In some cases, fabric can be added for the mycelium to weave around. The sheet of mycelium is eventually peeled off the wood blocks, and growth comes to an end. It can be easily mistaken for traditional leather. MycoWorks is one of a wave of innovators, all of whom assume that a better understanding of mycelium can redefine the limits of fashion and design. In recent years, MycoWorks’ products have been used in designer bags and pillows. CEO Matt Scullin praises mycelium as a material in fashion, “It has a bit of a soft touch, and it has a bounce. It can absorb the oil s and heat from your fingers when you touch it.” “The early efforts appear to be more moral, and improve eco-footprint. Products made from such material are fully biodegradable — allowing for a future in which dealing with an old pair of shoes might mean simply composting (堆肥) them,” he added. 8 What is the author’s purpose in writing the first paragraph? A. To stress the history of growing mushrooms. B. To introduce a fashion inspired by mushrooms. C. To show ancient mushroom growing techniques. D. To present the novel use of mushrooms in fashion. 9. What does paragraph 3 focus on about mycelium? A. Its growing process. B. Its high quality. C. Its shortcomings. D. Its working life. 10. What does Matt Scullin think of mycelium as a material in the field? A. It is straightforward to grow. B. It offers a rough feel. C. It promotes sustainability. D. It is oil-and-heat resistant. 11. Which can be the best title for the text? A. Fungus Crafts: An Endangered Heritage B. Mycelium: The Green Leather Alternative C Crafting with Nature: Romania’s Fungal Tradition D. Mycelium’s Role: From Ancient Craft to Modern Innovation D When you hear the word “uncertainty”, how do you feel? Scared, anxious, excited or challenged? With many global challenges still ongoing, we are likely to face even more of the unknown, so we had better get accustomed to managing it. So how do we detect uncertainty and which part of the brain is responsible for it? Researchers have found that noradrenaline (去甲肾上腺素) is the key chemical involved in our response to uncertainty. To investigate the role noradrenaline plays when we are faced with uncertain events, scientists at Massachusetts Institute of Technology conducted an experiment with mice. The animals were trained to push a lever (杠杆) down when they heard a high frequency noise. If they did this, they were rewarded with a drink of water. They were also trained to learn that they’d receive an unpleasant puff of air if the lever was activated when a low frequency noise was played. But the researchers added in an element of uncertainty by including a sound where the frequency was unclear. From this experiment, the researchers discovered that a small part in the brain called the locus coeruleus — an area that modulates noradrenaline — was essential in detecting uncertainty. When the high frequency was clear and the reward was expected for the mice, their noradrenaline release was small. But when the outcome wasn’t clear, and the reward was a surprise, the release was much larger. This was how the mice’s brains learned to deal with uncertainty. A study with humans was also carried out. They discovered that the subjects’ neurons (神经元) in the prefrontal cortex (前额叶皮质) respond much more to loss than to gain. Namely, this area rules our avoidance behaviour when we are under stress. This helps us understand our unwillingness to expose ourselves to uncertainty. Once we understand that our cognitive and emotional responses to uncertainty are a necessary part of the human experience. Acknowledge instead of fear them, perhaps making big decisions can seem less stressful. 12. What is the uncertainty in the experiment with mice? A. The high frequency noise. B. A drink of water as a reward. C. The action to push a lever down. D. The noise with unclear frequency. 13. What does the underlined word “modulates” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Removes. B. Adjusts. C. Lessens. D. Boosts. 14. How does the prefrontal cortex influence our choices when we’re stressed? A. By seeking rewarding outcome. B. By maintaining balance. C. By avoiding negative outcome. D. By reducing uncertainty. 15. What does the author want to tell us in the text? A. Responses to uncertainty come naturally. B. Uncertainty gives birth to potential risks. C. Experiments can predict expected outcomes. D. Noradrenaline tends to result from uncertainty. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Improve Your Social Life? Being social can help you build meaningful connections, come out of your shell, and feel less isolated. If you want to know how to be social, see the following steps to be on your way. Be fully engaged. If you want to seem interesting to others, you will have to show interest in them. When you are talking to somebody, listen to what they are saying rather than worrying about what you should be saying. ___16___ Avoid constantly checking your phone or looking around while you are in the middle of a conversation. These types of things come across as rude. Watch your gestures. How you position your body sends a message to other people. If you want to be approached by others, you should avoid standing in the corner, crossing your arms, staring at your phone, and frowning. Making eye contact with others shows them that you are friendly, open, and non-intimidating. ___17___ Embrace opportunities to meet new people. This means you will have to get out of your comfort zone to interact with others. ___18___ Take trips to new places and strike up casual conversations with those you meet. You never know when a stranger can turn into your new best friend, business partner, or love interest! ___19___ If you are constantly waiting around for people to call you or invite you, then you are wasting your life. ___20___ If you want to show people that you value their friendships, you will have to reach out to them. Keep in touch with friends, even if you don’t live in the same town. Pick up the phone and call them, send them a text, or e-mail them asking how they’ve been. A. Initiate interactions. B. Fit in with the occasion. C. Accept invitations to parties and social gatherings. D. You’ll be more likely to stir up positive interactions. E. Plus, everybody looks more attractive when they smile. F. Relationships are built upon joint efforts of both involved. G. Make eye contact, nod your head, and ask them follow-up questions. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I was to retire three months later. My wife Sonia and I had planned to go for a three-week trip to Canada. Then one day, Sonia noticed fluttering (颤动) in my shoulders, but I didn’t give it much ___21___. A month later, however, my hands started becoming ___22___. Around that time, I was watching The Split. There was a ___23___ about a doctor diagnosed (诊断) with motor neurone disease (MND)—a rare condition that affects the brain and nerves, for which there is no cure. I had ___24___ symptoms (症状) and it got me thinking. Then I met with a ___25___ and the test results took a week to be ___26___. Exactly on the day after I retired, I received the diagnosis I’d been ___27___ —MND. Sonia and I were supposed to be going to take our holiday in five days! We were so ___28___ and considered quitting, but a friend convinced us, “If you don’t go, you’ll regret it.” ___29___, we set off on the adventure as scheduled. For the initial days, we weren’t in the mood for fun, as we were still ____30____ by my diagnosis. But quickly we realized we wouldn’t let MND ____31____ our every day. Then we made a (n) ____32____: Every day we’d allow ourselves only 10 minutes to talk about my illness and cry if we wanted. After that, we’d focus on having fun. These days, my ____33____ is limited. In spite of the case, we’re delighted to have gone on our Canadian adventure, which was ____34____ with special moments. We don’t know what the future holds, but the memory will ____35____. 21. A. shot B. thought C. push D. sense 22. A. frozen B. flexible C. awkward D. artificial 23. A. plot B. title C. view D. faith 24. A. severe B. former C. rare D. similar 25. A. dentist B. consultant C. psychologist D. composer 26. A. shocking B. correct C. available D. approving 27. A. fearing B. refreshing C. expecting D. fighting 28. A. decent B. expert C. regretful D. emotional 29. A. Luckily B. Ultimately C. Annually D. Previously 30. A. inspired B. warned C. upset D. delayed 31. A. take over B. reflect on C. make up D. figure out 32. A. fortune B. difference C. error D. rule 33. A. budget B. mobility C. nutrition D. freedom 34. A. armed B. engaged C. packed D. charged 35. A. remain B. fade C. recover D. repeat 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Mamianqun or the horse-faced skirt originated from the Song Dynasty, but it gained popularity among women during later Ming and Qing dynasties. ___36___ truly sets mamianqun apart is the intricate pleats (褶) that are both abundant and distinctive. The pleats are not only decorative, they allow for ___37___ (free) of movement. Now designers draw their inspiration from traditional Chinese cultural elements to create charming patterns on the skirts. Mamianqun isn’t just for historical reenactments (重演). It’s an item of clothing ___38___ (perfect) suitable for everyday wear, even in a contemporary office setting. ___39___ design of mamianqun combines tradition with modernity, ___40___ (make) it not just a relic of the past, but a functional and stylish addition to the modern wardrobe (衣橱). Now, mamianqun is making an even ___41___ (huge) comeback compared to most of times. People wear it either in the streets or in the office. This resurgence (复兴) is fueled by a growing sense of cultural pride, which promotes people ___42___ (honor) their heritage by having traditional clothing into their daily wardrobes. Caoxian, ___43___ (know) as the heart of mamianqun manufacturing, is a county in Shandong Province. Caoxian holds a deep cultural heritage of han fu, Chinese traditional clothing, and is home ___44___ numerous han fu enterprises. With the rise of online shopping, the local han fu industry of Caoxian ____45____ (grow) rapidly in recent years. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，暑假即将来临，你校英语社团向同学们征询暑期学生社会实践活动的建议。请你给负责此活动的外教Mr. Smith写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 活动建议； 2. 活动意义； 3. 你的期待。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Mr. Smith, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 That year, I was 16 years old and my father had just passed away in that cold late autumn. There were no Thanksgiving celebrating plans in my family that year. To make ends meet, my mother worked two jobs as a cleaning lady, and I had a part-time job in the downtown. It was the Thanksgiving night and it was raining and blowing. The shops were closed and the streets were decorated with the colorful lamps for the grant festival. My shift at work was over and I waited for the bus alone in the station. The wind blew my thin coat and threatened to tear my worn-out hand-knit hat that my mother had knitted for me years ago. Wearing a pair of discolored pants, I shivered against the cold wind, deep in thought about how my father’s death led to my family heart broken and how my mother and I struggled to work to support our family. A bus approached as I thought these things. Fortunately, a seat on the bus was unoccupied and I took it with delight, placing my feet on the perfect spot close to the heater. I cherished the small comfort of the warmth as it seeped (渗透) through the bottom of my wet feet. Then a gentleman, perhaps in his 60s, appeared from somewhere in the back of the bus. He wore a hat and a fine woolen scarf. Then he stopped and sat down next to me, placing a shopping bag between us. Through the transparent shopping bag under my nose, I vaguely saw a box with chocolate printed on it, a box with a music box printed on it, and a clothing-type thing. These must be the gifts for a certain girl and I also wished to get such gifts. When he noticed my stare, I looked away immediately and curled up to keep warm, or rather, to hide my embarrassment. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Then the gentleman took the initiative to break the silence and started talking to me. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ He was nearly off the bus when suddenly I found he forgot his shopping bag. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力：1—5 ABCBC 6—10 BACCA 11—15 ABABC 16—20ABACB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$