17.英语·2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新高考全国Ⅱ卷)(含听力音频)-【名校强基卷】2020-2024年5年高考英语真题汇编

null绝密★启用前 2020 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国新高考II卷) 英 语 本卷满分150分,考试用时120分钟。 使用地区:海南 第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分) 甚 第一节(共5小题:每小题1.5分,满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选 出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小 我题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例:How much is the shirt? A.f19.15. B.f9.18. C.f9.15. 答案是C。 1. What will the speakers do tonight? 台{ A. Visit Mary. B. Go out of town. C. Host a dinner. 2. How does the woman go to work this week? A.By car. B.By bike. C.On foot. = 3. What time does Dave's meeting start? A.At8:30. B.At9:00. C.At10:00. 4. What is Helen going to do? B. Study in the library. A. Buy some books. C. Attend a history class. 5. What is the woman's feeling now? A.Relief. B.Regret. C. Embarrassment. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中 完 选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题 将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料,回答第6,7题。 6. What is Tom busy doing? 班 A.Raising money. B. Writing a lab report. C. Giving classes to children. 7. Who might be able to help Tom this week? B.Cathy. A.Mike. C.Jane. 听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。 8. Why is Jack leaving early? A. To avoid getting stuck in traffic B. To enjoy the scenery on the way. C. To buy some gifts for his family 2020·全国新高考II卷 ⊙ 第1页(共8页) 9. What does Judy often do at the railway station? A. Read books. B. Call some friends. C. Look around the shops. 10. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. What to do next year. B. Where to go for vacations. C. How to pass the waiting time 听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。 11. Why does Bill look troubled? A. He is short of money. B. He has made a big mistake. C. He is facing a tough choice 12. What is Bill now? A. A college student. B. An army officer C. A computer engineer 13. What does the woman seem to suggest Bill do? A. Learn to repair cars. B. Decline the job offer C. Ask his uncle for advice 听第9段材料,回答第14至16题。 14. What is the woman recommending to the man? B. Aclub. A. Awriter. C. A course. 15. What is the woman reading now? B. The Great Gatsby. A. The Beauti ful Mind. C. The Kite Runner. 16. How much time does the man have to read the book? B. Three weeks. A. Two weeks. C. Four weeks. 听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。 17. What is the speaker doing? A. Reporting a study. B. Chairing a meeting C. Teaching a class. 18. What should you pay most attention to when taking notes? B. Reading A. Listening C. Writing. 19. What is an advantage of using symbols in note-taking? A. It keeps information secret. B. It leaves space for future use. C. It makes key words noticeable. 20. What will the speaker do next? B. Show some notes. A. Ask a few questions. C. Make a summary. 第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分) 第一节(共15小题:每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Pali Overnight Adventures offers children and teens exciting experiences this summer. From broadcasting to street art,these are just 4 of the 17 highly unique camps being offered Broadcasting Camp Become the next star reporter,news writer,director or producer. While running every aspect of our own news station, kids and their fellow campers will create and host a broadcast airing each night at dinner for the entire camp. Every night it goes on the web,keeping parents and the world informed of the happenings at Pali. 2020·全国新高考II卷 第2页(共8页) Secret Agent Camp In the movie Mission Impossible, Tom Cruise made being a secret agent seem like the coo lest job ever. Campers who sign up for the 2-week secret agent camp can get to know about the life of real secret agents by learning strategies and military skills on the paintball field Culinary Camp If your child enjoys being in the kitchen,then the culinary camp is definitely the right fit. Campers learn technical skills of roasting,frying and cutting, as well as some recipes that they can take home and share with their families. Street Art Camp This camp takes creative license to an entirely new level. Campers will share their colorful i- deas and imagination with each other and work together to visualize, sketch and paint with non traditional techniaues to create the coolest mural(壁画) which will be displayed in public for al tosee. 21. How many camps does Pali Overnight Adventures offer this summer? B.4. A.2. C.17. D.21. 22. What will campers do at the Broadcasting Camp? A. Create a website. B. Run a news station. C. Meet a star reporter. D. Holda dinner party. 23. Which camp will attract children who are interested in cooking? A. Broadcasting Camp. B. Secret Agent Camp. C.Culinary Camp. D. Street Art Camp. B The end of the school year was in sight and spirits were high. I was back teaching after an absence of 15 years, dealing with the various kinds of "forbidden fruit" that come out of book bags. Now was the spring of the water pistol(手枪). I decided to think up a method of dealing with forbidden fruit “Please bring that pistol to me," I said."I'm going to put it in my Grandma's Box." “What'sthat?"they asked. “It's a large wooden chest full of toys for my grandchildren," I replied “You don't have grandchildren,"someone said. “I don't now," I replied."But someday I will. When I do,my box will be full of wonderful things forthem.” My imaginary Grandma's Box worked like magic that spring, and later. Sometimes student would ask me to describe all the things I had in it. Then I would try to remember the different possessions I supposedly had taken away-since I seldom actually kept them. Usually the offend- er would appear at the end of the day,and I would return the belonging. The years went by, and my first grandchild Gordon was born. I shared my joy with that year's class. Then someone said,"Now you can use your Grandma's Box."From then on,instead of coming to ask their possessions back, the students would say,"That's okay. Put it in your Grandma's Box for Gordon." I loved talking about the imaginary box, not only with my students but also with my own children. They enjoyed hearing about all the forbidden fruit I had collected. Then one Christmas 1 received a surprise gift-a large, beautifully made wooden chest. My son Bruce had made my Grandma's Box a reality. 2020·全国新高考II卷 第3页(共8页) 24. What was the author's purpose in having the conversation with the students? A. To collect the water pistol. B. To talk about her grandchildren. C. To recommend some toys. D. To explain her teaching method. 25. What do the underlined words "the offender" in Paragraph 8 refer to? A. The student's parent. B. The maker of the Grandma's Box C. The author's grandchild. D. The owner of the forbidden fruit 26. What did the students do after they learned about the birth of Gordon? A. They went to play with the baby. B. They asked to see the Grandma's Box C. They made a present for Gordon. D. They stopped asking their toys back. 27. What can we infer about the author? A. She enjoys telling jokes. B. She is a strict and smart teacher. C. She loves doing woodwork. D. She is a responsible grandmother C In May 1987 the Golden Gate Bridge had a 5oth birthday party. The bridge was closed to motor traffic so people could enjoy a walk across it. Organizers expected perhaps 50,ooo people to show up. Instead,as many as 8oo, ooo crowded the roads to the bridge. By the time 25o,o00 were on the bridge,engineers noticed something terrible: the roadway was flattening under wha turned out to be the heaviest load it had ever been asked to carry. Worse, it was beginning to sway(晃 动). The authorities closed access to the bridge and tens of thousands of people made their way back to land. A disaster was avoided. The story is one of scores in To Forgiue Design:Understanding Failure ,a book that is at once a love letter to engineering and a paean(赞歌) to its breakdowns. Its author,Dr. Henry Petroski,has long been writing about disasters. In this book, he includes the loss of the space shuttles(航天飞机)Challenger and Columbia,and the sinking of the Titanic. Though he acknowledges that engineering works can fail because the person who thought them up or engineered them simply got things wrong,in this book Dr. Petroski widens his view to consider the larger context in which such failures occur. Sometimes devices fail because a good design is constructed with low quality materials incompetently applied. Or perhaps a design works so well it is adopted elsewhere again and again, with seemingly harmless improvements until, suddenly,it does not work at all anymore. Readers will encounter not only stories they have heard before,but some new stories and a moving discussion of the responsibility of the engineer to the public and the ways young engi- neers can be helped to grasp them. “Success is success but that is all that it is,”Dr. Petroski writes. It is failure that brings im provement. 28. What happened to the Golden Gate Bridge on its 5oth birthday? A. It carried more weight than it could B. It swayed violently in a strong wind. C. Its roadway was damaged by vehicles. D. Its access was blocked by many people. 29. Which of the following is Dr. Petroski's idea according to Paragraph 3? A. No design is well received everywhere. B. Construction is more important than design C. Not all disasters are caused by engineering design. D. Improvements on engineering works are necessary 2020·全国新高考II卷 第4页(共8页) 30. What does the last paragraph suggest? A. Failure can lead to progress. B. Success results in overconfidence. C. Failure should be avoided. D. Success comes from joint efforts. 31. What is the text? A. A news report. B. A short story. C. A book review. D. A research article D Rainforests are home to a rich variety of medicinal plants, food, birds and animals. Can you believe that a single bush(灌木丛)in the Amazon may have more species of ants than the whole of Britain! About 48o varieties of trees may be found in just one hectare of rainforest. Rainforests are the lungs of the planet-storing vast quantities of carbon dioxide and produ- cing a significant amount of the world's oxygen. Rainforests have their own perfect system for ensuring their own survival; the tall trees make a canopy(树冠层)of branches and leaves which protect themselves, smaller plants,and the forest animals from heavy rain,intense dry heat from the sun and strong winds. Amazingly,the trees grow in such a way that their leaves and branches, although close to gether,never actually touch those of another tree. Scientists think this is the plants' way to pre- vent the spread of any tree diseases and make life more difficult for leaf-eating insects like cater pillars. To survive in the forest, animals must climb,jump or fly across the gaps. The ground floor of the forest is not all tangled leaves and bushes,like in films, but is actually fairly clear. I is where dead leaves turn into food for the trees and other forest life. They are not called rainforests for nothing! Rainforests can generate 75% of their own rain. At least 8o inches of rain a year is normal-and in some areas there may be as much as 430 inches of rain annually. This is real rain-your umbrella may protect you in a shower,but it won't keep you dry if there is a full rainstorm. In just two hours,streams can rise ten to twenty feet. The humidity(湿气)of large rainforests contributes to the formation of rainclouds that may travel to other countries in need of rain. 32. What can we learn about rainforests from the first paragraph? A. They produce oxygen. B. They cover a vast area. C. They are well managed. D. They are rich in wildlife. 33. Which of the following contributes most to the survival of rainforests? A.Heavy rains. B. Big trees. C.Small plants. D. Forest animals. 34. Why do the leaves and branches of different trees avoid touching each other? A. For more sunlight. B. For more growing space. C. For self-protection. D. For the detection of insects. 35. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Life-Giving Rainforests B. The Law of the Jungle C. Animals in the Amazon D. Weather in Rainforests 第二节(共5小题:每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。 Talking with vour doctor Talking freely with your doctor can make you feel better and gives your doctor the informa- tion she or he needs to give you the best care. Don't be afraid or embarrassed to discuss some- thing that isbothering you. 36 2020·全国新高考II卷 第5页(共8页) Stay positive. Go to your doctor's visits with a good attitude. 37 Think teamwork! Think positive! ·Keep track of how you are feeling. 38 This will make it easier for you to answer questions about your symptoms(症状)and how medicines make you feel. It also makes it easier for you to bring up anything that you are worried about. Make sure to be honest about how you feel and how long you've felt that way. 39 Your medical history is a list of your illnesses,treatments,what the doctors told you to do. and anything else you think your doctor should know. Also,if you are allergic(过敏)to any medi cines,be sure to mention that to your doctor. ·Ask questions. Do not be afraid to ask your doctor any questions you have. To remember all the questions you have when you are not in the doctor's office, write them down and bring the list with you to your appointment. 4o Remember-there's no such thing as a stupid question. If you don't un derstand the answer to a question,ask the doctor to explain it again until you do understand. A. This will make getting answers easier. B. Here are some tips for talking with your doctor. C. You can talk to another doctor if the treatments don't work. D. Before your doctor's visit,keep notes on how you are feeling. E. Remember, your doctor and other caregivers are on your side F. Bring your medical history,including a list of vour current medicines. G. Writing down what the doctor says will help you remember important information. 第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When Jim Grant spotted black smoke coming out of a building on his way to work,he 41 his car to call 911. Then he 42 a U-turn,circling back to take another look. Pulling up to the building,Grant saw flames(火焰) shooting out of a second-floor window. Not seeing or hearing any fire engines 43 ,Grant rushed to a side 44 and ran up the stairs. On the second floor,he 45 every apartment door.“Get out!"Grant shouted. No one 46 and he assumed that people had already 47 . Reaching the end of the hallway, though Grant 48 a half-open door. He kicked it wide open, finding a 49 woman in a wheelchait with a little boy and a tiny baby."Let's 5o !"he screamed. The woman looked at him in con- fusion and said something about changing her clothes. Grant didn't wait. Clutching(抓牢)the ba by to his chest and 51 the boy alongside,Grant ran down the hallway. When he was 52 outside, the only 53 in sight was a policeman. Grant told him about the 54 and they rushed into the smoky building. Thanks to them,a family was saved from the fire. Grant and the policeman were honored for their 55. 41.A.drove B. stopped C. reached D. abandonec B.made 42.A.saw C.missed D. crossed C. approaching 43.A.burning B. leaving D.waiting 2020·全国新高考II卷第6页(共8页) B. road C. building 44. A. entrance D. window B. kicked C. counted 45. A. locked D. repaired B. cared 46. A. agreed C. responded D. understood C. hidden B. returned 47. A. arrived D. escaped B. closed 48. A. skipped C. noticed D. remembered B. curious C. patient 49. A. frightened D. grateful B. go up C. get out 50. A. turn back D. lie down 51. A. following B. dragging C. examining D. passing B. secretly 52. A. safely C. suddenly D. previously B. guide C. service 53. A. witness D. help C. car B. door 54. A. woman D. baby B. generosity C. honesty 55. A. wisdom D. courage 第二节(共10小题:每小题1.5分,满分15分 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 These davs,it is not unusual for 1o-to 12-year-olds to publish their own websites or for sec- ond and third graders 56 (begin)computer classes. At the same time, computer games are be- coming increasingly popular as major publishing houses continue to develop 57 (education) computer programs for children in preschool. Also,technological know-how has become a 58 (reauire)for most jobs in an increasingly digital world, as the computer has become a common tool in most 59 (profession). The Digital World is a set of volumes 60 aim to describe how digital systems influence society and help readers understand the nature of digital systems and their many interacting parts. Each volume in the set explores 61 wide range of material,explains the basic concepts of major applications of digital systems, 62 discusses the influences they have on everyday life. Because the number of possible topics 63 (be) practically limitless, we focus on a sample of the most interesting and useful applications and tools and explain the basic principles of tech nology. Readers 64 (encourage) to continue exploring the digital world with the guidance of 65 (we)Further Resources section featured in each volume. 第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 假定你是李华,上周日你校举办了5公里越野赛跑活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道,内容 包括: (1)参加人员; (2)跑步路线:从校门口到南山脚下; (③)活动反响。 注意:(1)写作词数应为80左右 (2)请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 A Cross-Country Running Race 2020·全国新高考II卷 第7页(共8页) 第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文 The Meredith family lived in a small community, As the economy was in decline, some peo ple in the town had lost their jobs. Many of their families were struggling to make ends meet. People were trying to help each other meet the challenges. Mrs. Meredith was a most kind and thoughtful woman. She spent a great deal of time visit- ing the poor. She knew they had problems, and they needed all kinds of help. When she had time. she would bring food and medicine to them One morning she told her children about a family she had visited the day before. There wa a man sick in bed, his wife, who took care of him and could not go out to work, and their little boy. The little boy-his name was Bernard-had interested her very much. “I wish you could see him," she said to her own children,John, Harry,and Clara."He is such a help to his mother. He wants very much to earn some money,but I don't see what he can do.” After their mother left the room,the children sat thinking about Bernard. “I wish we could help him to earn money," said Clara."His family is suffering so much." “So do I." said Harry.“We really should do something to assist them." For some moments,John said nothing,but, suddenly,he sprang to his feet and cried,"I have a great idea! I have a solution that we can all help accomplish(完成)." The other children also jumped up all attention. When John had an idea,it was sure to be a good one."I tell you what we can do," said John."You know that big box of corn Uncle John sent us? Well,we can make popcorn(爆米花),and put it into paper bags,and Bernard can take it around to the houses and sell it." 注意:(1)续写词数应为150左右; (2)请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: When Mrs. Meredith heard of John's idea, she thought it uas a good one ,too. Paragraph2: With everything ready ,Bernard started out on his neu business. 2020·全国新高考II卷第8页(共8页)2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 W.That's a nice idea, Betty told me last time that she ofter (全国新高考II卷) spends the waiting time writing a to-do list so that she'll not miss anything in the days to come. Text 1 M: That's an awesome idea! I'll surely do that. Thank you. M. Who will join us for dinner tonight? Judy. See you next year. W:Bob and Candy. I also invited Mary, but she is out of W:Bye! town. Text 8 M. What a pity! I was hoping she would come. W. Hi,Bill. You look troubled. What's the matter? Text 2 M: Hi,Grace. I have a big decision to make. My uncle offered M:If I were you,I'd just walk to work. It would take you a me a job as the lead engineer at a service station and with bout 2o minutes. Riding a bike is a good choice too. good pay. W:I agree. But this week my husband is away on business,soW: That's wonderful,but are you going to quit college? I have to drive my kids to school before I go to work,and M: That's exactly the problem. One side of me says,“Oh,go pressed for time,you know. ahead! You can go back to college anytime. What job Text 3 could you get after college that would pay you $15 an W:It's 8:3o,Dave,and you're going to be late for the meet- hour? That's $30,ooo a year!" ing. W:And then? M:Oh my! Ijust have half an hour left. I can't believe I slept for 10 hours! M:And then, the other side savs,"Hold it, not so fast! Fo Text 4 all those years you were in the army,you planned to go to M: Hi, Helen. Where are you off to? college so that you would have many job possibilities to W:To the library. I've got a history paper due next week,and choose from. You've planned your whole life around going need to do some reading. to college. And now...” Text 5 W:I can see it. It's true that with your experience in the ar W.Thank goodness! You're still here. my,you could do excellent work repairing cars if you ac- M:What's up? cept the job. But you are doing very well now, Just think W:I need your signature for this document. It's urgent. of the future. You will get better jobs Text 6 Text9 W. Are you all alone, Tom? Why not ask Mike to help you W: Hey,John,can I talk to you for a minute? collect money for the Children's Centre? M:Sure. What's up? M: Well, he's working on his lab report. Could you come? W:I want to let you know about a book club I joined a few W: Id love. to, but I won't be available until next week.I months ago. I know you do a lot of reading, so I thought think Cathy will have some free time this week. Do you you might want to come with me next month. want me to pass on a message? M:Oh,that sounds like fun. When does the group meet? M:That would be nice. Thanks,Jane. W:Usually the last Saturday of the month at 7:3o in the eve- Text7 ning. Is that too late for you? W:Are you leaving for the railway station now,Jack? It's so M: No, I think that's OK. What do you talk about in the early. group? M: Iust avoiding the rush-hour traffic. I don't want to be late. W: Well.every month we choose a new book,and then during W:So you have to wait for about two hours? I don't think the next meeting,we discuss it. there's scenery to look at. M. What books have you read? M:Don't worry! I'll take a book with me. W:Quite a lot. Recently we have read The Beauti ful Mind W:It's too noisy to read in the railway station. I would usual- and The Great Gatsby. Now we're reading The Kite Run ly look around the shops while waiting for the train. ter. M: But I've already got all the gifts for my parents andM: The Kite Runner? I've heard that's a good book. What's sisters. I don't need to buy anything. If I really can't focus it about? on the book,I may phone up some friends I haven't talked W: It's about a boy who grows up in Afghanistan during to ina while. the1980s. 英语答案-64 M. That sounds interesting, I'd love to come. B W:Great! The next meeting will be held in two weeks, so 【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在 you still have time to read the book. 教书的时候,为了没收一些违禁的玩具,虚构出来了一个“祖 Text 10 母的盒子”,声称将会把没收的玩具放到“祖母的盒子”中。 Today, let's begin with note-taking techniques. Note- 在作者真的有了自已的孙子后,学生们并没有要回自己的玩 taking is an important skill not only for taking classes,but al- 具,而是选择把这些玩具送给作者的孙子的故事。 so for doing your job in the future. I'd like to draw your at- 24.A 细节理解题 【解析】根据第二、三段“Idecided1o tention to certain points about taking notes. First. remember think up a method of dealing with forbidden fruit. 'Please that note-taking should be 75% listening and only 25% writ- bring that pistol to me,'I said.'T'm going to put it in my ing, so don't try to write down every single word the teacher Grandma'sBox.'”可知,作者和学生们交谈是为了没收 says. Ignore what is unimportant and write in phrases not 学生们的水枪。故选A。 complete sentences. Second, leave spaces and lines between 25.D 推理判断题 【定位句】①Idecidedtothinkupa main ideas. You may want to add some information later. I method of dealing with forbidden fruit.(第二段) find that some of you are good at making use of color,map 译文:我决定想出一个处理禁果的方法 ping web and symbols such as arrows, circles and boxes. I ②Usually the offender would appear at the end of the highly recommend these tools to all of you,because the use of day,andIwouldreturn the belonging.(第八段最后一句) them makes the outline more easily readable and interesting 译文:通常,犯规者会在一天结束时出现,我会归还(他们 than the blocks of text. It also makes sure that important 的)所有物。 words stand out. Here are some examples. 【解析】根据定位句可推知,theoffender指的是“禁果”的 第一部分 听力 主人。故选D。 1.C 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.A 6.A 7.B 8.A 9.C 26.D 细节理解题 【定位句】Fromthenon,insteadof 10.C 11.C 12.A 13.B 14.B 15.C 16.A 17.C coming to ask their possessions back,the students would 18.A 19.C 20.B )阅读 第二部分 say,"That's okay. Put it in your Grandma's Box for Gor 第一节 don.”(倒数第二段最后两句) A 译文:从那时起,学生们不再来要回他们的所有物,而是 说:“没关系。把它放在你给Gordon的'祖母的盒子 【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了PaliO 里吧。” vernightAdventures为青少年组织的四个夏令营活动的相关 信息。 【解析】根据定位句可知,在学生们知道Gordon出生后, 21.C 细节理解题 【定位句】Frombroadcasting to street 他们不再来要回自己的玩具了。故选D。 art,these are just 4 of the 17 highly unique camps being 27.B 推理判断题 【定位句】①Idecidedtothinkupa offered.(第一段第二句) method of dealing with forbidden fruit.(第二段) 译文:我决定想出一个处理禁果的方法。 译文:从广播到街头艺术,这些仅仅是所提供的17个非 常独特的露营(活动)中的4个。 ②"I'm going to put it in my Grandma's Box."(第三段第 二句) 【解析】根据定位句可知,PaliOvernightAdventures今年 夏天会提供17个露营活动。故选C。 译文:“我将要把它放在我的祖母的盒子'里” 22.B 细节理解题 【解析】根据第二段第二句“Whilerun 【解析】根据定位句可知,作为一名老师,作者会想出一些 ning every aspect of our own news station,kids and their 方法来没收学生们不应该玩的玩具。由此可推知,作者 fellow campers will create and host a broadcast airing 是一名严格且聪明的老师。故选B。 each night at dinner forthe entire camp.”可知,在广播营 C 【文章大意】 活动中,露营者将运营一个新闻电台。故选B。 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了ToForgive 23.C 细节理解题 【定位句】If your child enjoysbeing in Design:UnderstandingFailure这本书的内容,并举例阐述 the kitchen,then the culinary camp is definitely the right 了作者对于建筑工程的失败的看法。 fit.(第四段第一句) 28.A 细节理解题 【解析】根据第一段第五句“Bythetim 译文:如果你的孩子喜欢待在厨房里,那么京任营绝对是 250,ooo were on the bridge, engineers noticed something 最合适的(选择)。 terrible: the roadway was flattening under what turned 【解析】根据定位句可知,CulinaryCamp将吸引对烹任感 out to be the heaviest load it had ever been asked to car 兴趣的孩子。故选C。 ry.”可知,当有25万人在桥上时,工程师们注意到了一个 英语答案一65 可怕的现象:路面在有史以来承载的最重负荷的作用下 34.C 推理判断题 【解析】根据第三段第二句“Scientists 开始变平。由此可知,金门大桥在50周年庆典这一天超 think this is the plants' way to prevent the spread of any 负荷载重了。故选A。 tree diseases and make life more difficult for leaf-eating 29.C 推理判断题 【解析】根据第三段第二、三句“Some insectslikecaterpillars.”可知,科学家们认为,不同的树 times devices fail because a good design is constructed 木枝叶不会互相触碰是植物防止树木疾病传播的方式, with low quality materials incompetently applied. Or per 这使毛虫等食叶昆虫的生活更加困难。由此可推知,树 haps a design works so well it is adopted elsewhere again 木的枝叶不会互相触碰是一种自我保护机制,(这样)可 and again, with seemingly harmless improvements, until 以防止疾病的传播,降低昆虫造成的伤害。故选C。 suddenly,it does not work at all anymore.”可知,有时,设 35.A 标题概括题 【定位句】Rainforestsare hometoa 备出现故障是因为好的设计方案使用了不合格的劣质材 rich variety of medicinal plants, food, birds and animals. 料建造的。或者,一个设计运行得很好,它一次又一次地 (第一段第一句) 被用到其他地方,(每次都会有)看似无害的改进,直到突 译文:热带雨林是各种药用植物、食物、鸟类和动物的 然有一天,它不再工作。由此可推知,Petroski博士认为 家园。 并非所有灾难事故都是工程设计造成的。故选C。 【解析】根据全文内容尤其是定位句可知,本文介绍了热 30.A 细节理解题 【解析】根据最后一段第二句“Itisfail 带雨林的生态系统、环境和气候等相关信息,表达了对热 ure thatbrings improvement.”可知,最后一段表明,失败 带雨林生命力的赞叹。因此,A项“孕育生命的雨林”是 才能带来进步。故选A。 最适合本文的标题。故选A 31.C 推理判断题 【定位句】The story is one of scores in 第二节 【文章大意】 To Forgive Design: Understanding Failure ,a book that 本文是一篇说明文。看医生的时候要多和医 is at once a love letter to engineering and a paean(赞歌) 生交流。文章给出了如何和医生交流的几点建议。 36. B 【解析】根据上文"Talking freely with your doctor can to itsbreakdowns.(第二段第一句) make you feel better and gives your doctor the informa 译文:这是ToForgiue Design:Understanding Failure- tion she or he needs to give you the best care. Don't be a- 书中的一则故事,这本书既是写给工程的一封情书,也是 fraid or embarrassed to discuss something that is bothe 对其失败的赞歌。 ringyou.”可知,与你的医生畅所欲言可以让你感觉更 【解析】根据全文内容尤其是定位句可知,本文主要介绍 好,并向你的医生提供她或他需要的信息,以便他或她给 了 To Forgive Design:Understanding Failure 这 本书的 你最好的治疗。不要害怕或不好意思讨论困扰你的事 内容,并举例阐述了作者对于建筑工程的失败的看法 情。B项“这里有一些和你的医生交谈的建议”承接上文, 因此,本文是一则书评。故选C. 符合语境。故选B。 D 37.E 【解析】根据上文“Go to your doctor's visits witha 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了热带雨林的 goodattitude.”可知,带着良好的态度去看医生。E项 生态系统、环境和气候等相关信息,表达了对雨林生命力的 “记住,你的医生和其他护理人员都站在你这边”承接上 赞叹。 文,符合语境。故选E。 32.D 细节理解题 【解析】根据第一段第一句“Rainforests 38.D 【解析】根据本段小标题“Keeptrackof howyou are are home to a rich variety of medicinal plants. food. birds feeling.”可知,记录你的感受。D项“在你的医生来之前, andanimals.”可知,热带雨林是各种药用植物、食物、鸟 记下你的感受”符合语境。故选D 类和动物的家园。由此可知,热带雨林有丰富的野生动 39.F【解析】此处是本段小标题。根据下文“Yourmedical 植物。故选D。 history is a list of your illnesses, treatments, what the 33.B 细节理解题 【定位句】Rainforests have their own doctors told you to do, and anything else you think your perfect system for ensuring their own survival; the tall doctorshouldknow.”可知,你的病历是你的疾病、治疗 trees make a canopy(树冠 层)of branches and leaves 医生告诉你要做的事以及你认为你的医生应该知道的任 which protect themselves, smaller plants, and the forest 何事情的清单。F项“带着你的病历,包括你现在(吃)的 animals from heavy rain, intense dry heat from the sun 药物的清单”适合做本段的小标题。故选F。 andstrongwinds.(第二段第二句) 40.A 【解析】根据上文“To remember all the questions you 译文:雨林拥有确保它们自己生存的完备系统;高大的树 have when you are not in the doctor's office, write them 木用枝叶组成树冠层以保护自己,小的植物和森林里的 down and bring the list with you to your appointment."可 动物不受暴雨、烈日的干热和强风的影响。 知,为了记住你所有的问题,在你还没进入医生办公室 【解析】根据定位句可知,高大的树木对雨林的生存有着 时,把它们写下来,并带着清单去见你的医生。A项“这 最大的贡献。故选B。 将使获得结果更容易”承接上文,符合语境。故选A。 英语答案-66 第三部分 语言运用 51.B 考查动词辨析 【解析】A项意为“跟随”;B项意为 第一节 “拖,拽”;C项意为“检查”;D项意为“通过”。根据上文中 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Grant在上 的“Clutching(抓牢)thebabytohischest”,下文中的“the 班途中看见一个大楼着火了,在拨打了911之后,他进入大 boyalongside”及语境可知,Grant把男孩拖到他旁边。故 楼救人,并在一个警察的帮助下,成功地救出了一家人的 选B。 故事。 52.A 考查副词辨析【解析】A项意为“安全地”;B项意为 41.B考查动词辨析【解析】A项意为“开车”;B项意为 “秘密地”;C项意为“突然地”;D项意为“以前地”。根据 “停止”:C项意为“到达”;D项意为“放弃”。根据下文中 下文中的“outside”及语境可知,Grant安全地到达了外 的“his car to call 911”可知,当JimGrant在上班途中看 面。故选A。 见黑烟从一座大楼中冒出来时,他停下车拨打911。故 53.D考查名词辨析【解析】A项意为“目击者”;B项意为 选B。 “向导”;C项意为“服务”;D项意为“帮助”。根据下文中 42.B 考查动词辨析【解析】A项意为“看见”;B项意为 的“theyrushedintothesmokybuilding”及语境可知,他 “做,制造”;C项意为“想念,错过”;D项意为“穿过”。根 眼前唯一能帮忙的人是一个警察。故选D。 据下文中的“aU-turn,circlingbacktotake another look' 54.A考查名词辨析【解析】A项意为“女人”;B项意为 可知,他掉转车头,绕回来又看了一眼。makeaU-turn意 “门”;C项意为“汽车”;D项意为“婴儿”。根据上文中的 为“掉头”。故选B。 “woman inawheelchair”及语境可知,Grant告诉警察还 43.C考查动词辨析【解析】A项意为“燃烧”;B项意为 有一个女人在大楼里。故选A。 “离开”:C项意为“接近”;D项意为“等待”。根据下文中 55.D考查名词辨析 【解析】A项意为“智慧”;B项意为 的“Grant rushed to a side and ran up the stairs' “慷慨”;C项意为“诚实”;D项意为“勇气”。根据上文中 可知,Grant没有看见消防车接近,也没听见消防车接近 的“Grant rushed to a side and ran up the stairs" 的声音。故选C。 及“they rushed into the smoky building”可知,Grant 和那 44.A 考查名词辨析 【解析】A项意为“入口”;B项意为 名警察因他们的勇气受到了表彰。故选D “路”;C项意为“建筑物”;D项意为“窗户”。根据下文中 第二节 的“ranupthestairs”可知,Grant冲到一个侧门,跑上了 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了《数字世界》 楼梯。故选A。 这本书的内容及其对读者的影响。 45.B 考查动词辨析【解析】A项意为“锁”;B项意为 56.tobegin 考查非谓语动词 【解析】分析句子结构可知, “踢”:C项意为“计算”;D项意为“修理”。根据下文中的 “kicked itwide open”可知,Grant踢开每间公寓的门。故 此处使用了“itis十形容词十for sb.todo sth.”结构,it是 选B。 形式主语,不定式内容是真正的主语。故填1obegin。 57.educational 考查词性转换【解析】此处应用形容词ed 46.C 考查动词辨析【解析】A项意为“同意”;B项意为 “关心”:C项意为“回答”;D项意为“理解”。根据上文 ucational修饰名词短语“computerprograms”。故填edu “'Get out!'Grant shouted.",下文中的“he assumed that cational. 58. reguirement peoplehadalready”及语境可知,没有人回答。故选C。 考查词性转换【解析】根据上文中的“a” 47.D考查动词辨析【解析】A项意为“到达”;B项意为 可知,此处应用可数名词单数形式。故填reouirement。 “返回”;C项意为“藏”;D项意为“逃脱”。根据上文中的 59.professions 考查名词的单复数 【解析】profession是可 “No one ”可知,他认为人们已经逃出去了。故 数名词,意为“职业”,此处表示在大多数职业中,应用其 选D。 复数形式。故填professions。 48.C 考查动词辨析【解析】A项意为“跳过”;B项意为 60.which/that考查定语从句【解析】分析句子结构可知; “关闭”:C项意为“注意到”;D项意为“记得”。根据下文 空格处引导定语从句,先行词是“asetofvolumes”,指物, 中的“ahalf-opendoor”及语境可知,Grant注意到一扇半 且从句中缺少主语,应用which/that引导该从句。故填 开的门。故选C。 which/that。 49.A 考查形容词辨析【解析】A项意为“受惊的”;B项意 61.a 考查冠词 【解析】固定短语awiderangeof意为“各 为“好奇的”;C项意为“有耐心的”;D项意为“感激的” 种各样的”。故填a。 根据语境可知,Grant踢开那扇半开的门后,发现了一个 62.and考查连词【解析】分析句子结构可知,“explores” 受惊的女人。故选A。 “explains”和“discusses”是并列的动作,应用and连接。 50.C 考查动词短语辨析【解析】A项意为“转身”;B项意 故填and。 为“上升”;C项意为“出去”;D项意为“躺下”。根据下文 63.is考查动词的时态和主谓一致【解析】本文主要使用 中的“randownthe hallway”及语境可知,Grant喊道:“我 一般现在时,此处也应用一般现在时;且主语是“thenum 们出去吧!”故选C。 ber of possible topics”,谓语应用单三形式。故填is。 英语答案一67 64. are encouraged 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致【解 结尾句: ①This activity not only strengthened our 析】本文主要使用一般现在时,此处也,应用一般现在时;bodies,butalso raisedour awareness of protecting our envi- 且主语“Readers”和动词encourage是被动关系,应用被 _ ronment. 动语态;且主语是复数,谓语动词也应用复数形式。故填 ②Not only did this activity strengthen our bodies. but are encouraged. also raised our awareness of protecting our environment. 65. our 考查代词 【解析】此处 修饰“Further Resources One possible version(略) section”,应用形容词性物主代词our。故填our。 第二节 第四部分 写作 【写作指导】 第一节 ■文章主线 【写作指导】 已知线索: 审题:人称:第三人称为主 Meredith一家住在一个小社区里--经济下滑,城镇里 时态:一般过去时为主 的很多人都失业了--人们互相帮助,共渡难关--Mere 提纲:开头:句:①Last Sunday our school helda 5-kilometer. dith夫人拜访了一个贫困的家庭一-男主人生病卧床一 cross-country race. 女主人照顾男主人,无法外出赚钱--Meredith认为他们的 ②A 5-kilometer cross-country race was held by our 孩子Bernard 可以帮家里赚钱-Meredith 告诉了孩子们 school last Sunday. 这件事--孩子们想出一个主意--卖爆米花... 文章主体:要点一:①Whoever was interested incross 可续写线索: country races took part in it. 当地超市?玉米和袋子?去Bernard的家?卖爆米花? ②Those who were keen in cross-country races participa- 感激?赚钱?学习做爆来花?增加风味?成为了不起的人? tedin it. 帮助其他人? 要点二:①The runners began at the gate of our school, △续写词汇 running five kilometers to the foot of the South Mountain. 续写可能用到的词汇 ②The starting point was at the gate of our school,the the local supermarket, corn, popcorn, grateful, earn, teach. runners ran to the foot of the South Mountain,covering 5 kil- )taste better,remarkable,help.. ometers. One possible version(略) 英语答案-68