11.英语·2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(北京卷)-【名校强基卷】2020-2024年5年高考英语真题汇编

绝密★启用前 2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（北京卷〉 英语 本卷满分100分，考试用时90分钟。 第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分） 尔 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 One Monday morning,while the children were enjoying "free play",I stepped to the doorway of the classroom to take a break.Suddenly,I 1 a movement of the heavy wooden door.This was the very door I 2 guided the children through to ensure their safety from the bitter cold.I felt a chill()go through my body. My legs carried me to that door,and I pushed it open.It was one of my kindergarteners who I thought was 3 that day.He had been dropped off at school late and was 4 to open the 新 door. He must have been waiting there for quite a while!Without a word,I rushed him to the hospital.He was treated for frostbite on his hands.He'd need time to 5 ,and wouldn't come for class the next day,I thought. The next morning,one of the first to 6 was my little frostbitten boy.Not only did he run in with energy,but his 7 could be heard as loud as ever!I gave him a warm hug and told him 救 how 8 I was to see him.His words have stayed with me all these years,"I knew you would open the door. That cold Monday morning,he waited a long,long while for adults to 9 To a child, every minute feels like forever.He didn't attempt to walk back home:he waited and trusted.This five-year-old taught me a powerful lesson in 10 1.A.caused B.spotted C.checked D.imagined 2.A.hesitantly B.randomly C.dizzily D.carefully 常 3.A.angry B.absent C.special D.noisy 4.A.courageous B.content C.unable D.unwilling 5.A.recover B.play C.change D.wait 6.A.settle B.gather C.arrive D.react 7.A.sneeze B.weep C.complaint D.laughter 8.A.lucky B.happy C.curious D.nervous 9.A.show up B.pull up C.hold up D.line up 10.A.gratitude B.forgiveness C.faith D.kindness 2022·北京卷 第1页（共8页） 第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出 提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 以 Helen was walking down the street late 11 the evening,her arms filled with grocery bags.Focused on balancing the bags,she didn't notice her wallet falling out of her pocket.As Helen walked on,she heard a man charging towards her.Fearful that he might have an intention 12 (harm)her,Helen started to run.Eventually,the man 13 (catch)up with her,and he was only trying to return her wallet! B Why do humans prefer some smells over others?One theory,increasingly 14 (support) by experts,suggests that smell preferences are learned.It's easy to explain how we determine 15 smells are dangerous or not:we learn.This has been adopted to ensure easier detection of gas leaks.Gas naturally 16 (have)no recognisable smell.However,a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger. C Since people can't always eat out or cook for 17 (they),they get takeout or order delivery.More takeout and more food delivery equal more waste,especially plastic waste.That includes cups,bottles,and bags,most of 18 are only good for one use.That's a big problem and it is getting even 19 (bad).The use of those plastics 20 (increase)by 300%since 2019.The world won't survive if this situation continues. 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题：每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Peer()Assisted Study Sessions(PASS)is a peer-facilitated learning programme available to students enrolled()in most core units of study in our business school. PASS involves weekly sessions where you work in groups to tackle specially prepared problem sets,based around a unit of study you're enrolled in. PASS doesn't re-teach or deliver new content.It's an opportunity to deepen your understanding of the key points from lecture materials while you are applying your skills to solve problems. You work interactively with your peers.As a peer group,you decide what is covered in each session.That way,PASS directly responds to your needs and feedback. Registration in Term 2 will open at 9 am,21 September 2022. Waiting lists If a session is full,you can register for the waiting list.We will email you if a place becomes available or if a new session is to be held. 2022·北京卷第2页（共8页） When you are placed on a waiting list,we will email you a number which tells you where you are on the list.If you are close to the front of the list,you have a good chance of gaining a place in the programme in the near future. Deregistering If you miss two PASS sessions in a row,you will be deregistered and your place will be given to someone on the waiting list.Make sure you fill in the attendance sheet at each session to record your attendance. You'll be informed by email if you are being deregistered as a result of missing sessions.If you believe you have received the email in error,email the PASS office at passo ffice umbs.edu. 21.In PASS,students A.attend new lectures B.decide their own schedules C.prepare problem sets in groups D.use their skills to solve problems 22.What can students do if a session is full? A.Fill in the attendance sheet. B.Sign up for the waiting list. C.Report their needs and feedback. D.Email the office their numbers on the list. 23.Students will be deregistered if A.they send emails in error B.they fail to work interactively C.they give their places to others D.they miss two sessions in a row B My name is Alice.Early last year,I was troubled by an anxiety that crippled (my ability to do anything.I felt like a storm cloud hung over me.For almost a year I struggled on, constantly staring at this wall that faced me.My perfectionist tendencies were the main root of this:I wanted to be perfect at whatever I did,which obviously in life is not possible,but it consumed me. One day,I attended a presentation by wildlife conservationist Grant Brown at my high school.His presentation not only awed and inspired me,but also helped emerge an inner desire to make a difference in the world.I joined a pre-presentation dinner with him and that smaller setting allowed me to slowly build up my courage to speak one-on-one with him-an idea that had seemed completely impossible.This first contact was where my story began. A month later,Brown invited me to attend the World Youth Wildlife Conference.Looking back,I now see that this would be the first in a series of timely opportunities that my old self would have let pass,but that this new and more confident Alice enthusiastically seized.Shortly after I received his invitation,applications to join the Youth for Nature and the Youth for Planet groups were sent around through my high school.I decided to commit to completing the applications,and soon I was a part of a growing global team of young people working to protect nature.Each of these new steps continued to grow my confidence. 2022·北京卷第3页（共8页） I am writing this just six months since my journey began and I've realised that my biggest obstacle()this whole time was myself.It was that voice in the back of my head telling me that one phrase that has stopped so many people from reaching their potential:I can't.They say good things come to those who wait;I say:grab every opportunity with everything you have and be impatient.After all,nature does not require our patience,but our action. 24.What was the main cause for Alice's anxiety? A.Her inability to act her age. B.Her habit of consumption. C.Her desire to be perfect. D.Her lack of inspiration. 25.How did Grant Brown's presentation influence Alice? A.She decided to do something for nature. B.She tasted the sweetness of friendship. C.She learned about the harm of desire. D.She built up her courage to speak up. 26.The activities Alice joined in helped her to become more A.intelligent B.confident C.innovative D.critical 27.What can we learn from this passage? A.Practice makes perfect. B.Patience is a cure of anxiety. C.Action is worry's worst enemy. D.Everything comes to those who wait. C "What would the world be if there were no hunger?"It's a question that Professor Crystal would ask her students.They found it hard to answer,she wrote later,because imagining something that isn't part of real life-and learning how to make it real-is a rare skill.It is taught to artists and engineers,but much less often to scientists.Crystal set out to change that, and helped to create a global movement.The result-an approach known as systems thinking-is now seen as essential in meeting global challenges. Systems thinking is crucial to achieving targets such as zero hunger and better nutrition because it requires considering the way in which food is produced,processed,delivered and consumed,and looking at how those things intersect()with human health,the environment, economics and society.According to systems thinking,changing the food system-or any other network-requires three things to happen.First,researchers need to identify all the players in that system;second,they must work out how they relate to each other;and third,they need to understand and quantify the impact of those relationships on each other and on those outside the system. Take nutrition.In the latest UN report on global food security,the number of undernourished()people in the world has been rising,despite great advances in nutrition science.Tracking of 150 biochemicals in food has been important in revealing the relationships 2022·北京卷第4页（共8页） between calories,sugar,fat and the occurrence of common diseases.But using machine learning and artificial intelligence,some scientists propose that human diets consist of at least 26 000 biochemicals-and that the vast majority are not known. A systems approach to creating change is also built on the assumption that everyone in the system has equal power.But as some researchers find,the food system is not an equal one.A good way to redress(E)such power imbalance is for more universities to do what Crystal did and teach students how to think using a systems approach. More researchers,policymakers and representatives from the food industry must learn to look beyond their direct lines of responsibility and adopt a systems approach.Crystal knew that visions alone don't produce results,but concluded that "we'll never produce results that we can't envision'”. 28.The author uses the question underlined in Paragraph 1 to A.illustrate an argument B.highlight an opinion C.introduce the topic D.predict the ending 29.What can be inferred about the field of nutrition? A.The first objective of systems thinking hasn't been achieved. B.The relationships among players have been clarified. C.Machine learning can solve the nutrition problem. D.The impact of nutrition cannot be quantified. 30.As for systems thinking,which would the author agree with? A.It may be used to justify power imbalance. B.It can be applied to tackle challenges. C.It helps to prove why hunger exists. D.It goes beyond human imagination. D Quantum()computers have been on my mind a lot lately.A friend has been sending me articles on how quantum computers might help solve some of the biggest challenges we face as humans.I've also had exchanges with two quantum-computing experts.One is computer scientist Chris Johnson who I see as someone who helps keep the field honest.The other is physicist Philip Taylor. For decades,quantum computing has been little more than a laboratory curiosity.Now,big tech companies have invested in quantum computing,as have many smaller ones.According to Business Weekly,quantum machines could help us "cure cancer,and even take steps to turn climate change in the opposite direction".This is the sort of hype()that annoys Johnson.He worries that researchers are making promises they can't keep."What's new,Johnson wrote,"is that millions of dollars are now potentially available to quantum computing researchers." 2022·北京卷第5页（共8页） As quantum computing attracts more attention and funding,researchers may mislead investors,journalists,the public and,worst of all,themselves about their work's potential.If researchers can't keep their promises,excitement might give way to doubt,disappointment and anger.Johnson warns.Lots of other technologies have gone through stages of excitement.But something about quantum computing makes it especially prone to hype,Johnson suggests, perhaps because"'quantum'stands for something cool you shouldn't be able to understand." And that brings me back to Taylor,who suggested that I read his book Q for Quantum. After I read the book,Taylor patiently answered my questions about it.He also answered my questions about PyQuantum,the firm he co-founded in 2016.Taylor shares Johnson's concerns about hype,but he says those concerns do not apply to PyQuantum. The company,he says,is closer than any other firm“by a very large margin(幅度)”to building a "useful"quantum computer,one that "solves an impactful problem that we would not have been able to solve otherwise."He adds,"People will naturally discount my opinions,but I have spent a lot of time quantitatively comparing what we are doing with others. Could PyQuantum really be leading all the competition "by a wide margin",as Taylor claims?I don't know.I'm certainly not going to advise my friend or anyone else to invest in quantum computers.But I trust Taylor,just as I trust Johnson. 31.Regarding Johnson's concerns,the author feels A.sympathetic B.unconcerned C.doubtful D.excited 32.What leads to Taylor's optimism about quantum computing? A.His dominance in physics. B.The competition in the field. C.His confidence in PyQuantum. D.The investment of tech companies. 33.What does the underlined word "prone"in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A.Open. B.Cool. C.Useful. D.Resistant. 34.Which would be the best title for the passage? A.Is Johnson More Competent Than Taylor? B.Is Quantum Computing Redefining Technology? C.Will Quantum Computers Ever Come into Being? D.Will Quantum Computing Ever Live Up to Its Hype? 第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多 余选项。 Health and fitness help a person live a good and healthy life.Often due to various pressures, we tend to ignore our health.35 It is the fitness level of our body that helps us fight these diseases. 2022·北京卷第6页（共8页） 36 We need to be fit to have a healthy body.Similarly,if we are healthy we shall naturally be attracted towards maintaining the fitness of our body.Health is the state of our body at a given time.We may not have any disease but still have a weak body,which is ready to be targeted by viruses.37 This does not definitely mean that we are not healthy.It means the fitness level is not in accordance with our age and the climatic conditions we live in. It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness.38 For instance, we must exercise daily regardless of our age and working style.There are different levels of exercises for different age groups and we must do them according to our own health and age. Additionally,it is important to relax our body.We should have at least six to eight hours of sleep every day.It helps in improving our immune()system and protects us against diseases. 39 This,in turn,gives us new goals of health and fitness. A.Fitness levels decide the quality of life. B.Health and fitness are interrelated to each other. C.It also helps in keeping us calm and relaxes our mind. D.For instance,we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily. E.If we keep our body fit,we can enjoy life in a better manner. F.There are some activities which everyone should do in our life. G.This makes our body suffer and we will catch some diseases 第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题：第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Tom,al5-year-old inventor and entrepreneur(创y业者)，witnessed at his own school the widespread consumption of sugary drinks by kids.He knew there had to be a better portable drink solution and decided to innovate from something he saw in his own home:fruit infused( 泡)water.. Tom watched his mum make healthy fruit infusions but then struggle for a take-along option.From observing his mum and from his desire to give kids better drink options,he came up with his original model for the Fun Bottle."I wanted to come up with a healthy,natural way for people to drink when on the go.A big part of my mission is to get people of all ages off sugary drinks,”Tom explains. The bottle is made with a strainer(that allows the great tastes and natural sugars of the various fruits and vegetables you choose to come through the water,without any of the seeds or skins flowing through. Tom is proud of his design and excited to be selling the Fun Bottle on his website and in stores,but this 15-year-old is most proud of the opportunities that Fun Bottle presents to others. It helps to provide healthy alternatives to sugary drinks;and also Tom donates part of the profits to the Organisation for a Healthier Generation(OHG). 2022·北京卷第7页（共8页） Tom has been awarded several prizes,but this teenage innovator remains humble.When asked what advice he'd give other entrepreneurial youth,he says,"Prepare and have your family's support.It is important to know from the beginning that there are a lot of highs and lows,and there is no such thing as overnight success. 40.What did Tom witness at his own school? 41.Where did Tom get the idea for the original model for the Fun Bottle? 42.Please decide which part is false in the following statement,then underline it and explain why. Tom is most proud of the opportunities that Fun Bottle presents to others because he not only provides healthy alternatives to sugary drinks but also donates all the profits to the OHG. 43.Among Tom's qualities,which one(s)do you think will be important for us?Why?(In about 40 words) 第二节(20分) 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你打算邀请英国好友Jm为你们班做一次关于英语写作 的线上经验交流。请你用英文给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括： (1)建议交流的具体内容及其原因： (2)交流时间和其他相关事项。 注意：(1)词数100左右： (2)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, Yours, Li Hua 2022·北京卷第8页（共8页）要点二：①Next Monday from6pmto7pm,in the pro-3.B考查形容词辨析【解析】根据下文中的“He had been gramme the topic“English Delicacies”will be discussed.We dropped off at school late'”及语境可知，门外是“我”原以为 can meet at the station office at 5 pm if you can join me. 那天没有到校的一个幼儿园小朋友。B项意为“缺席的，不 2Next Monday from 6 pm to 7 pm,the topie "English 在的”，符合语境。故选B。 Delicacies"is chosen to be talked about.If you are interested 4.C考查形容词辨析【解析】根据下文“He must have in it,we can meet at the station office at 5 pm. been waiting there for quite a while!”及语境可知，此处表 示这个小男孩打不开这扇门。C项意为“无法，没有所需技 结尾句：DLooking forward to.your early reply. 能（或力量，时间、知识等）”，符合语境。故选C。 2It will be great to receive your reply as soon as possi- 5.A考查动词辨析【解析】根据上文“He was treated for ble frostbite on his hands."和下文中的“and wouldn't come for One possible version() class the next day”可知，此处表示他需要时间恢复。A项 第二节 意为“恢复”，符合语境。故选A。 【写作指导】 6.C考查动词辨析【解析】根据下文中的“Not only did he ◆文章主线 run in with energy”及语境可知，此处表示第二天早上，第 已知线索： 一批到校的孩子中就有这个冻伤的小男孩。C项意为“到 七所不同学校的学生同时参加一场大型越野跑比赛 达”，符合语境。故选C 作者发现David站在围栏外—David告诉作者自己要7.D考查名词辨析【解析】根据下文中的“could be heard 放弃比赛一作者知道了David要放弃比赛的真正原因 as loud as ever'”及语境可知，此处表示他的笑声依旧响亮。 作者让David自己决定是否要参加比赛… D项意为“笑声”，符合语境。故选D 可续写线索： 8.B考查形容词辨析【解析】根据语境可知，此处表示 作者和David说了什么？David为什么又决定参加比赛 “我”告诉他“我”看到他有多么高兴。B项意为“高兴的”， 了？David在比赛的过程中发生了什么？作者在比赛中和比 符合语境。故选B。 赛后做了什么？结果如何？ 9.A考查动词短语辨析【解析】根据上文中的“for adults'” ◆续写词汇 及语境可知，在那个寒冷的星期一的早晨，他等了很久很 久，才等到大人的出现。A项意为“出现，露面”，符合语 续写可能用到的词汇： 境。故选A。 run,smile.event,afraid,laugh at,think of,decide,finish, l0.C考查名词辨析【解析】根据上文中的“he waited and proud,determination... trusted'”可知，小男孩等待着，信任着。这个五岁的小孩 One possible version() 给“我”上了一堂关于信仰的强有力的课。C项意为“信 2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 任”，符合语境。故选C。 (北京卷) 第二节 第一部分知识运用 体裁：记叙文主题语境：人与自我 第一节 【文章大意】文章主要讲述了一天晚上，Helen丢失钱包的 体裁：记叙文主题语境：人与自我 经历。 【文章大意】 】一位上幼儿园的小男孩上学迟到了，因无法自山.in考查介词【解析】国定搭配in the evening意为“在 己打开门而一直在门外等待大人的出现，他在寒冷的天气中 晚上”。故填in。 等了很久，“我”发现他后，立即将他送往了医院，小男孩的手 12.to harm考查非谓语动词【解析】分析句子结构可知， 冻伤了，需要时间来恢复，但他第二天一早就精力充沛地出 此处应用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to harm。 13.caught考查动词的时态【解析】全文主体时态是一般 现在了学校，他的等待和信任给“我”上了一堂关于信仰的强 过去时，此处也应用一般过去时。故填caught。 有力的课。 B 1.B考查动词辨析【解析】根据下文中的“a movement of 体裁：说明文主题语境：人与社会 the heavy wooden door'”可知，突然，“我”看见沉重的木门 【文章大意】文章主要介绍了研究认为，气味偏好是可以后 动了一下。B项意为“看见，注意到”，符合语境。故选B。 天学习的。 2.D考查副词辨析【解析】根据下文中的“to ensure their I4,supported考查非谓语动词【解析】分析句子结构可 safety from the bitter cold”可知，这正是那扇“我”小心翼 知，本句已有谓语动词，此处应用非谓语动词：且动词 翼地带领孩子们穿过，以确保他们免受严寒侵袭的门。D support与逻辑主语“(One theory'”之间构成动宾关系，此 项意为“小心地，谨慎地”，符合语境。故选D。 处应用其过去分词形式作后置定语。故填supported。 英语答案一42 l5.whether考查固定用法【解析】此处表示很容易解释23.D细节理解题【定位句】If you miss two PASS ses- 我们如何判断气味是否危险。固定搭配whether.,,or sions in a row,you will be deregistered and your place will not意为“是否”。故填whether。. be given to someone on the waiting list.(Deregistering 16.hs考查动词的时态和主谓一致【解析】此处表示客 分第一段第一句) 观情况，应用一般现在时：且主语“Gs”是第三人称单数， 译文：如果你连续两次错过PASS深程，你的注册将被撤 谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has。 销，你的名额将被分配给等待名单上的其他人。 C 【解析】根据定位句可知，如果学生连续两次错过PASS 体裁：说明文主题语境：人与社会 课程，他们的注册会被撤销。故选D。 【文章大意】文章主要介绍了外卖垃圾对环境造成了产重 公 威胁且情况日益严重。 体裁：夹叙夹议文主题语境：人与自我 l7.themselves考查代词【解析】此处表示人们不能总是【文章大意】追求完美让Aice倍感焦虑，使她产生了校大 去外面吃饭或自己做饭。此处作介词“for”的宾语，当主的精神内耗，也制弱了她的行动能力。受Grant Brown的展 语和宾语为同一人时，宾语用反身代词，应用themselves。 示会的启发，Alice在参加了一系列的实践活动后重拾了自 故填themselves。 信。这也让地明白：要尽己所能抓住每一个机会。毕竟，行 18.which考查定语从句【解析】分析句子结构可知，此处动才能改变一切。 为定语从句，先行词是“cups,bottles,.and bags'”,指物，关24.C细节理解题【定位句】My perfectionist tendencies 系词在从句中作介词of的宾语，此处应用which与most were the main root of this:I wanted to be perfeet at what- of一起作从句的主语。故填which。 ever I did,which obviously in life is not possible,but it 19.worse考查形容词的比较等级【解析】此处表示那些 consumed me.(第一段最后一句) 塑科垃圾是一个大问题，而且（这个问题）越来越严重。 译文：我的完美主义倾向是这一点的主要根源：无论我做 根据“even”可知，此处应用bad的比较级worse。故填 什么，我都想做到完美，这在生活中显然是不可能的，但 worse 它消耗了我。 20.has increased考查动词的时态和主谓一致【解析】根 【解析】根据第一段内容尤其是定位句可知，导致Alice焦 据时间状语“since2019”可知，此处应用现在完成时：且主 虑的主要原因是地对完美的渴望。故选C。 语“The use of those plastics”是第三人称单数，谓语动词25，A推理判断题【解析】根据第二段第二句“His presen- 应用单三形式。故填has increased. tation not only awed and inspired me,but also helped e- 第二部分阅读理解 merge an inner desire to make a difference in the world. 第一节 可知，Brown的展示会不仅让Alice肃然起散，鼓舞了地， 也帮助（地）萌生了改变世界的内心愿望：结合第三段第 体裁：应用文主题语境：人与社会 三、四句“Shortly after I received his invitation,applica- 【文章大意】文章主要介绍了同伴辅助学习项目PASS的 tions to join the Youth for Nature and the Youth for Plan- 相关情况。 et groups were sent around through my high school.I de- 2L.D细节理解题【定位句】It's an opportunity to deepen cided to commit to completing the applications,and soon I your understanding of the key points from lecture materi- was a part of a growing global team of young people als while you are applying your skills to solve problems. working to protect nature,”可知，在Alice收到Brown的 (第三段第二句) 邀请后不久，地中请加入了Youth for Nature和Youth 译文：当你运用你的技能来解决问题时，这是一个加深你 for Planet组织，并在不久后成为了全球年轻人保护自然 对课堂材料要，点的理解的机会。 团队的一员。由此可推知，在Brown的展示会的影响下， 【解析】根据定位句可知，在PASS中，学生们可以运用自 Alice决心为大自然做些事。故选A。 己的技能来解决问题。故选D。 26.B细节理解题【解析】根据第三段最后一句“Each of 22.B细节理解题【定位句】If a session is full,you can these new steps continued to grow my confidence."可知， register for the waiting list.(Waiting lists部分第一段第 Aice参加的活动有助于地变得更加自信。故选B。 一句) 27.C推理判断题【解析】通读全文尤其是第一段第二句 译文：如果课程满员，你可以注册等待名单。 "Early last year,I was troubled by an anxiety that crip 【解析】根据定位句可知，如果课程满员，学生们可以注册 plcd(削弱)my ability to do anything.”可知，去年年初， 等待名单。故选B。 Alice被一种焦虑困扰，它削弱了Alice做任何事情的能 英语答案一43 力：结合第三段最后一句“Each of these new steps contin- D ued to grow my confidence..”可知，Aice走的每一步都让体裁：议论文主题语境：人与社会 她更加自信。由此可知，Aic通过参加一系列自然保护【文章大意】文章主要介绍了一些科技公司对量子计算的 活动变得更加自信，并且这治愈了她的焦虑。由此可推炒作以及Johnson和Taylor两位量子计算专家对此的看法。 知，行动是焦虑最大的敌人。故选C。 3L.A推理判断题【定位句】One is computer scientist C Chris Johnson who I see as someone who helps keep the 体裁：说明文主题语境：人与社会 field honest.(第一段第四句) 【文章大意】文章主要介绍了系统思维的意义和操作需要 译文：一个是计算机科学家Chris Johnson,我认为他是有 及其研究现状。 助于保持这个领域的诚实的人。 28.C推理判断题【解析】通读全文尤其是第一段内容可 【解析】根据定位句可知，作者认为Johnson能保持量子计 知，“如果没有饥饿，世界会是什么样子？”这个问题很难 算机领战的诚实：再结合最后一段最后一句“But I trust 回答，因为想象不篇于现实生活，并且学习如何让它成为 Taylor,just as I trust Johnson.”可知，作者相信Taylor, 现实是一种罕见的技能。它被教授给艺术家和工程师， 正如他相信Johnson一样。由此可推知，作者对Johnson 但很少教授给科学家。Crystal着手改变这种情况，并帮 的担忧表示赞同。故选A。 助发起一个全球性的运动。结果，一种被称为系统思维32.C推理判断题【定位句】Taylor shares Johnson'scon 的方法现在被视为应对全球挑战的关键。下文开始围绕 cerns about hype,but he says those concerns do not apply 这一话题展开陈述。由此可推知，作者在第一段运用画 to PyQuantum.(第四段最后一句) 线的疑问句是为了引出文章的话题。故选C。 译文：Taylor和Johnson一样担心妙作，但他说这些担心 29.A细节理解题【定位句】But using machine learning 不适用于PyQuantum。 and artificial intelligence,some scientists propose that hu- 【解析】根据定位句可知，Taylor认为PyQuantum没有炒 man diets consist of at least 26 000 biochemicals-and 作方面的担心：结合第五段内容及最后一段第一句 that the vast majority are not known.(第三段最后一句) "Could PyQuantum really be leading all the competition 译文：但是，利用机器学习和人工智能，一些科学家提出， by a wide margin',as Taylor claims?”可知，Taylor认为 人类的饮食至少包含26000种生化物质，其中绝大多数 PyQuantum远比其他任何公司都更接近于建造“有用的” 尚不为人所知 量子计算机，它解决了一个我们无法解决的影响深运的 【解析】根据第二段最后一句中的“First,researchers need 问题，它会以很大的优势领先所有的竞争。由此可推知， to identify all the players in that system""they need to Taylor对PyQuantum的信心让他对量子计算持乐观态 understand and quantify the impact of those relation- 度。故选C。 ships”可知，研究人员首先需要确定该系统中的所有参与33.A词义猜测题【解析】根据画线词所在句中的“·quan 者，他们也需要了解并量化这些关系的影响：结合定位句 tum'stands for something cool you shouldn't be able to 可知，机器学习不能解决营养问题。由此可知，A项“系 understand”可知，量子代表了普通人无法理解的东西. 统思维的第一个目标还没有被实现”符合题意。故选A。 由此可推知，画线词所在句表示关于量子计算的某些方 3O.B推理判断题【定位句】More researchers,policymak 面让其很容易被炒作。因此，prone应意为“易于遭受 ers and representatives from the food industry must learn …的”，与A项意思相近。故选A。 to look beyond their direct lines of responsibility and a-34.D标题概括题【解析】通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了 dopt a systems approach.(最后一段第一句) 量子计算正在吸引越来越多的关注和资金，但一些科学 译文：来自食品行业的更多的研究人员、决策者和代表们 家却认为量子计算的某些方面会很容易被炒作。他们担 必须学会超越他们的直接责任线，并采取一种系统性的 心，如果量子计算领域的研究者们不能实现他们的承诺 方法。 人们的狂热可能会变成失望和愤怒。因此，D项“量子计 【解析】根据第一段最后一句“The result-一an approach 算是否能达到它炒作的程度？”符合本文主旨，是本文的 known as systems thinking-is now seen as essential in 最佳标题。故选D。 meeting global challenges..”可知，一种被称为系统思雏的 第二节 方法现在被视为应对全球挑战的关键：结合定位句可知，体裁：说明文主题语境：人与社会 作者认为来自食品行业的研究人员、决策者及代表们必【文章大意】文章主要介绍了健康和健身有助于一个人过 须学会采用系统思维方法。由此可推知，作者认为系统上良好且健康的生活。健康和健身是相互关联的，要通过健 思雏可以被用来应对挑战。故选B。 身来拥有健康的身体。 英语答案一44 35.G【解析】空格前讲常常由于各种各样的压力，我们往往 I'm writing to invite you to give us an online lecture 会忽视我们的健康：空格后讲正是我们的健身水平帮助 on English writing.Our classmates aren't able to organize 我们对杭这些疾病。G项“这（忽视健康）会使我们的身their essays with ease,Can you give us some advice,such as 体違受痛苦，我们会患上一些疾病”承上启下，符合语境。how to logically connect sentences,how to expand para- 故选G。 graphs,and how to organize an article? 36.B【解析】空格后讲我们需要健身才能拥有健康的身体。 要点二：①The talk will be about an hour,and you can 同样，如果我们是健康的，我们自然就会被保持身体的强decide on a date at your convenience,Please let me know 健所吸引.B项“健康和（身体的）强健是相互关联的”引which platform you'll be using. 出下文，符合语境。故选B。 2The lecture will last about an hour.You can decide 37.D【解析】空格前讲我们可能没有任何疾病，但身体依然the date according to your own wishes,.Please tell me which 较弱，易受病毒攻击：空格后讲这并不一定意味着我们不platform you will be using.. 健康。D项“例如，我们可能很容易感冒”承上启下，符合 要点三：①It would be great if we could have a 10-minute 语境。故选D。 question and answer session at the end of your talk. 38.F【解析】空格前讲对每个人来说，在健康和健身方面花 Also,it's a good idea to have a 10-minute Q&.A ses- 些时间是很重要的：空格后讲无论我们处于多大的年龄sion after your talk. 以及有着怎样的工作方式，我们必须每天搬炼。不同的 结尾句：①Looking forward to your reply. 年龄段有不同的锻炼水平，我们必须根据自己的健康状 2Hope to get your reply as soon as possible. 况和年龄来做运动。F项“在我们的生活中，有一些活动 One possible version 是每个人都应该做的”承上启下，符合语境。故选F。 Dear Jim. 39.C【解析】空格前讲我们每天应孩至少有6至8小时的 How's everything? 睡眠时间。这有助于玫善我们的免疫系统，保护我们免 I'm writing to invite you to give us an online talk on 受疾病侵袭。C项“它也有助于我们保持冷静和放松头English writing..Our classmates seem to be weak in organisa- 脑”承接上文，符合语境。故选C。 tion.Would you please give us some suggestions on how to 第三部分书面表达 connect sentences logically,how to develop a paragraph,and 第一节 how to structure an essay? 40.Tom witnessed the widespread consumption of sugary The talk will be about an hour,and you can decide on a drinks by kids at his own school. date at your convenience.Please let me know which platform 41.Tom got the idea from observing his mum make healthy you'll be using.It would be great if we could have a 10-mi- fruit infusions but then struggle for a take-along option. nute question and answer session at the end of your talk. 42.Tom is most proud of the opportunities that Fun Bottle Looking forward to your reply. presents to others because he not only provides healthy al- Yours. ternatives to sugary drinks but also donates all the prof- Li Hua its to the OHG. 2022年6月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 Tom donates part of the profits to the OHG. (浙江卷) 43.略 第二节 第一部分听力 【写作指导】 1.C2.B3.B4.C5.A6.A7.B8.B9.C10 审题：人称：第三人称为主，第一，二人称为辅 C11.B12.A13.A14.C15.C16.A17.B 时态：一般现在时为主，一般将来时为辅 18.A 提纲：开头句：①How's everything? 19.B20.C 2Does everything go well recently? 第二部分阅读理解 文章主体：要点一：①T'm writing to invite you to give us 第一节 an online talk on English writing.Our classmates seem to be A weak in organisation.Would you please give us some sugges- 体裁：记叙文主题语境：人与自我 tions on how to connect sentences logically,how to develop a: 【文章大意】文章主要讲述了过去三个夏天的工作拓展了 paragraph,and how to structure an essay? 作者的思维，使她开始接受真实世界的多样性的故事。 英语答案-45