06 必修三Unit 6 Disaster and hope -2025年新高考英语一轮总复习筑基培优方案（外研版2019）

必修第三册 Unit 6 Disaster and hope 知识背诵清单通关练 （第一关）重点单词精选精背储备能量+核心词汇之转换词形词性 （第二关）重点短语再现背诵及研磨记忆巩固 （第三关）梳理核心词汇之转换词形词性及情境研磨记忆巩固 （第四关）基本句型模仿背诵及巩固情境研磨记忆巩固 （第五关）必备重点语法精讲精练 （第一关）重点单词精选精背储备能量 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. n. 灾难，灾祸 2． adj. (用于数字后面表示)多，余 3． adv. 即刻，马上 4． v. 发生 5． v. 预测，预报 6． v. 攫住，抓住 7． v. 营救，解救 8． v. (战争、事故等)夺去(生命) 9． n. 危机 10． v. 威胁到，危及 11． num. 十亿 12． adv. 什么地方都不，无处 13． adv. 否则，要不然 14． n. 威胁，可能会带来危险的人(事) 15． n. 所有物，资产，财产 16． n. 飓风 17． n. 山崩，滑坡 18． n. 人造卫星 19． adv. 精确地，准确地 20． n. 直升机 21． n. 蚊子 核心词汇之转换词形词性 1. v. (火山)爆发，喷发→ n. (火山)喷发，爆发 2． n. 通告，公告→ v. 宣布，宣告 3． adj. 可信赖的，可靠的→rely v. 依赖，依靠→ n. 可靠性 4． n. 紧急情况，不测事件→ adj. 紧急的，突然出现的 → adv. 紧急地 5． adv. 极其，非常→ adj. 杰出的，优秀的；异常的，特别的 → n. 例外；反感 6． adj. 足够的，充足的→ n. 足量，充足 （第二关）重点短语再现背诵及研磨记忆巩固 1． 对……作出反应 2． 和……分享…… 3． 一群 4． 毕竟，终究 5． 抱怨 6． 和……相比 7． 也，和 8． 遗漏 9． 向……出发 10． 同意做某事 11． 导致，终于 12． 注意…… 13． 突然 14． 变成 15． 由……组成(构成)；包括 16． 来来回回；上上下下 17． 坚持做某事 18． 还没有 19． 被……包围 第三关）梳理核心词汇之转换词形词性及情境研磨记忆巩固 ① immediately adv. 即刻，马上(教材P63) 　单句语法填空 ①(2021·全国甲卷)The seagulls ________ (immediate) went wildly. ②(剑桥高阶)________ (immediate) she'd gone, the boys started to mess about. 　单句表达 ③(牛津高阶)我的问题的要点可能不是一下子就能看出来的。 The point of my question ____________________． ② occur v. 发生(教材P63) 　单句语法填空 ①(朗文当代)It never seems to occur to my children ________ (contact) me. ②(牛津高阶)The idea occurred ________ him in a dream. ③(剑桥高阶)The study compares the ________ (occur) of heart disease in various countries. 　一句多译 ④我怎么也没有想到她会遇上麻烦。 It __________________ that she might be in trouble. ＝It ________________ that she might be in trouble. ③ announcement n. 通告，公告(教材P63) 　单句语法填空 ①(剑桥高阶)She announced the winner of the competition ________ an excited audience. ②(朗文当代)After ________ (announce) himself at the reception desk, James was led upstairs. ③(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Share library ________ (announce) on your social media. 　单句表达 ④(朗文当代)会议结束时，宣布达成了协议。 At the end of their meeting, ____________________ an agreement had been reached. ④ reliable adj. 可信赖的，可靠的(教材P65) 　单句语法填空 ①(牛津高阶)The ________ (reliable) of these results has been questioned. ②(朗文当代)Many working women rely on relatives ________ (help) take care of their children. ③(朗文当代)They have to rely on the river ________ their water. ④(牛津高阶)You can rely upon ________ that it will rain this weekend. 　单句表达 ⑤(中国日报)中方将继续视阿尔及利亚为可信赖的好朋友和伙伴，把相互了解的优良传统发扬到新的水平。 China will continue to regard Algeria as ________________________， carry forward the fine tradition of mutual understanding to a new level. ⑤ rescue v. 营救，解救(教材P65) 　单句语法填空 ①(剑桥高阶)The lifeboat rescued the sailors ________ the sinking boat. ②(牛津高阶)A wealthy sponsor came ________ our rescue with a generous donation. 　单句表达 ③(朗文当代)救援人员两小时后到达现场。 ____________________________ two hours later. ⑥ claim v. (战争、事故等)夺去(生命)(教材P66) 　单句语法填空 ①(朗文当代)I don't claim ________ (be) a feminist (女权主义者), but I'd like to see more women in managerial posts. ②(剑桥高阶)After her house was burgled, she made a claim ________ her insurance. ③(牛津高阶)She claimed damages ________ the company for the injury she had suffered. ④(剑桥高阶)He claims ________ (meet) the President, but I don't believe him. 　单句表达 ⑤(牛津高阶)据说有些医生每周工作80小时。 ____________________ some doctors were working 80 hours a week. ⑦ threaten v. 威胁到，危及(教材P66) 　单句语法填空 ①(柯林斯词典)Some banks also have a hit list of people whom they threaten ________ (sue) for damages. ②(牛津高阶)He is unlikely to be a ________ (threaten) to the Spanish player in the final. ③(牛津高阶)The house seemed less ________ (threaten) in the cold light of day. 　单句表达 ④(牛津高阶)他受到警告，如果继续上班迟到，就被辞退。 He ____________________ if he continued to turn up late for work. ① leave out 省去，删去；遗漏；不理会，忽视(教材P65) 　选词填空(leave behind/leave for/leave off/leave out)①(朗文当代)I tried calling him, but he'd already ____________ work. ②(牛津高阶)I wish you'd ____________ whistling like that. ③(朗文当代)She outlined the case to him, being careful not to ________ anything ________． ④(2019·天津高考)By opening a novel, I can ____________ my burdens and enter into a wonderful and mysterious world where I am now a new character. 　单句表达 ⑤(朗文当代)别管那男孩，他可以自己拿主意。 __________________， he can make up his own mind. ② consist of 由……组成(构成)；包括……(教材P65) [名师点津]　consist of一般不用于进行时，也不用于被动语态；其非谓语动词应用现在分词。 　单句语法填空 ①(2020·北京高考)While doing research for her new book, she came across a 16th－century French manuscript (手稿) ________ (consist) of nearly 1，000 sets of instructions, covering subjects from tool making to finding the best sand. ②As far as I know, he is a man whose actions do not consist ________ his promises. ③(牛津高阶)The beauty of the city consists ________ its magnificent buildings. 　一句多译 ④(朗文当代)法律体系是由人组成的，人会犯错误。 The legal system ________________ people, and people make mistakes. ＝The legal system ________________ people, and people make mistakes. ＝The legal system ________________ people, and people make mistakes. ① 现在分词作状语 Picking up a free newspaper at the Tube station, I see the title “Hot! Hot! Hot！”. (教材P62)在地铁站拿起一份免费报纸，我看到标题写着“热！热！热！”。 (1)现在分词在句中作状语，可表示时间、条件、原因、结果、方式或伴随，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致。 (2)现在分词的一般式(doing)表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生或几乎同时发生，完成式(having done)表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前。 (3)现在分词的主动语态形式表示的动作和句子主语之间为主动关系，被动语态(being done)表示的动作和句子主语之间为被动关系。 　单句语法填空 ① All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, ______(say) that I had a talent for football. ②On the last day of our week­long stay, we were invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, ________ (listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals. ③________ (weave) among the kids who rushed by on their boards, I found my way to the beam. ④(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)In the mid－1990s, Tom Bissell taught English as a volunteer in Uzbekistan. He left after seven months, physically broken and ________ (lose) his mind. ⑤(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever－increasing populations, greatly ________ (reduce) waterfowl habitat (栖息地). 　单句表达 ⑥(2020·北京高考)在与世界上许多最重要的人工智能研究人员交谈之后，我相信有充分的理由怀疑我们是否会很快看到AGI，如果有的话。 ____________ to many of the world's foremost AI researchers, I believe there is good reason to doubt that we will see AGI any time soon, if ever. ② 独立主格结构 Now we have another chance to look up at the stars of New Orleans, their beauty inspiring us and giving us confidence to move on. (教材P69)现在我们又有机会能仰望新奥尔良的星空了，它们的美鼓舞着我们，让我们有信心继续前行。 独立主格结构是由名词或代词加上分词等构成的一种独立结构，在形式上与主句没有关系，在句中主要起状语作用，相当于一个状语从句。独立主格结构基本构成形式： (1)名词(代词)＋现在分词(表示主动和正在进行) (2)名词(代词)＋过去分词(表示被动和已完成) (3)名词(代词)＋不定式(表示将要发生的动作) (4)名词(代词)＋形容词/副词/介词短语(用来说明名词或代词的性质、特征或所处的状态) 　单句语法填空 ①(中国日报)Their eyes firmly ________ (fix) on the rugged road, Li and his colleagues had little opportunity to enjoy the sight. ②(中国日报)Weather ________ (permit) I am out almost every day walking with my camera. ③So much housework ________ (do), my mother will not have time to go shopping this afternoon. （第四关）基本句型模仿背诵及巩固情境研磨记忆巩固 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．(牛津高阶)It never occurred ________ her to ask anyone. 2．(朗文当代)I can't remember what happened ________ (immediate) before the crash. 3．(牛津高阶)Today's ________ (announce) of a peace agreement came after weeks of discussion. 4．(中国日报)Congo's Mount Nyiragongo, which erupted last week, killing at least 32 people and displacing 5，000, is likely to have another volcanic ________ (erupt) in the coming day. 5．(中国日报)The United States should make more efforts to control the pandemic at home where the virus has already ________ (claim) more than 100，000 lives. 6．(朗文当代)Then he became angry and ________ (threat) that he would go to the police. 7．(中国日报)The benefits of the high－speed maglev train include high speed, safety, ________ (reliable), a large passenger capacity and environmental protection. 8．(牛津高阶)The weather, even for January, was ________ (exception) cold. 9．(柯林斯词典)Nobody knows ________ (precise) how many people are still living in the camp. 10．(牛津高阶)Our immune systems are killing ________ (billion) of germs right now. 选词填空 turn into; look out for; due to; have yet to; in history; up and down; lead to; all of a sudden; look through; leave out 1．(牛津高阶)____________ your Aunt while you're at the station. 2．(牛津高阶)Eating too much sugar can ____________ health problems. 3．(牛津高阶)This word is wrongly spelt; you've ____________ a letter. 4．(剑桥高阶)It seemed to happen ____________—I felt dizzy and I just collapsed. 5．(朗文当代)A few weeks later, winter had ____________ spring. 6．(柯林斯词典)Peter starts ____________ the mail as soon as the door shut. 7．(柯林斯词典)They ________ show that they can really deliver working technologies. 8．(朗文当代)This day will go down ____________ as the start of a new era in South Africa. 9．(剑桥高阶)My little daughter started jumping ____________ with rage when she heard she couldn't go. 10．(剑桥高阶)The restaurant's success was ________ largely ________ its new manager. Ⅲ.单句表达 1．这种交流发生在公共汽车站、公共汽车上、排队时，几乎发生在陌生人聚集在一起的任何地方。 Such exchanges occur at bus stops, on buses, while ________________， almost anywhere that strangers gather close together. 2．(中国日报)中国云游戏产业的市场规模预计将达到222.8亿元。 The market size of the cloud gaming industry in China ____________________ 22.28 billion yuan. 3．我正在做作业，这时出乎意料地断电了。 I ______________________________ electricity was cut off unexpectedly. 4．冬天来了，天气变得越来越冷。 ________________， it gets colder and colder. 5．一听到这个消息，他们都高声欢呼。 __________________________， they broke into loud cheers. （第五关）必备重点语法精讲精练 特殊句式 高考真题练悟 完成句子 1．多么有意义的一次经历啊！[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ读后续写] ________________________________________________________________________! 2．相信自己，你一定能成功。[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ读后续写] ________________________________________________________________________ 3．在我把钱交给父母之后，我才意识到成长的意义。[2021·浙江6月读后续写] ________________________________________________I realized the meaning of growing up. 4．只有通过说和听，你才能不断地练习，只有把你所学的运用起来，你才能尽快地掌握汉语。[2021·上海] Only by speaking and listening can you keep practicing it and only by putting what you have learnt into use ________________________________________________． [感悟]　写作三规则 1．使用强调增加句子力量。 2．使用完全倒装使句式富于变化。 3．使用部分倒装提升句子档次。 核心考点破析 考点一 祈使句 祈使句用来表达说话人的请求、命令、建议、劝告等。祈使句的主语一般为第二人称(通常省略)，有时也可用everybody, someone, anybody等不定代词。 Work hard，and you will make progress in English. 努力学习，你就会在英语上取得进步。 Never answer the phone while driving. 决不在开车时接电话。 Let Tom go there himself.让汤姆自己去那里。 考点二 感叹句 1.what引导的感叹句 ·What＋a/an＋adj.＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！ ·What＋adj.＋可数名词复数/不可数名词＋主语＋谓语！ What lovely children they are! 他们是多么可爱的孩子啊！ 2．how引导的感叹句 ·How＋adj.＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！ ·How＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语！ ·How＋主语＋谓语！ How interesting a story it is! →What an interesting story it is! 这是多么有趣的一个故事啊！ How time flies! 时间过得真快呀！ 考点三 强调句型 1.强调句型的基本结构：It is/was＋被强调的部分＋that/who＋其他。该句型可对句子的主语、宾语、状语等进行强调。 2．It is/was...who/that...结构不能强调谓语动词。可用助动词do，does或did来强调谓语动词，用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定陈述句中，do还可以用于祈使句。 I do hope to receive your early reply. 我真的希望早日收到你的回复。 Do remember to lock the door when you leave the office. 在你离开办公室的时候，一定要记得锁门。 3．当被强调部分是人，且作主语时，可用who或that，其他情况下一律用that。 It was Tom who/that I came across in the library yesterday. 昨天我在图书馆里遇见的是汤姆。 It was in the library that I met Tom yesterday. 我昨天是在图书馆里遇见的汤姆。 4．强调句型的一般疑问句结构：Is/Was＋it＋被强调的部分＋that/who＋其他部分？ Was it in the library that you met Tom yesterday? 昨天你是在图书馆里遇见的汤姆吗？ 5．强调句型的特殊疑问句结构：特殊疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that＋其他部分？ Where was it that you met Tom yesterday? 你昨天是在哪里遇见的汤姆？ 6．not...until的强调句型结构：It is/was not until...＋that＋其他部分。 It was not until yesterday that I was told that he was ill in hospital. 直到昨天我才被告知他生病住院了。 考点四 倒装 一、 部分倒装 1．将含有否定意义的副词或连词置于句首时引起部分倒装结构。这类词(组)有：never, seldom, rarely, little, few, at no time, by no means, no longer, hardly/scarcely... when..., no sooner... than..., not only... but also..., not until, nowhere, neither... nor...等。 Not until I lost my job did I realize I should improve my working skills.直到我失业了，我才意识到我应该提高我的工作技能。 2．“only＋状语”置于句首时，主句要进行部分倒装。 Only when Lily walked into the office did she realize that she had left the contract at home. 只有当莉莉走进办公室的时候，她才意识到她把合同忘在家里了。 3．so/such... that...结构中的so, such连同它所修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调时，主句要用部分倒装。 So touching did the song sound that I couldn't hold my tears back when I heard it for the first time. 这首歌听起来如此令人感动以至于我第一次听到它时就忍不住流下眼泪。 4．表示前面所说的情况也适用于后者时，用倒装结构“so/neither/nor＋助动词/系动词/情态动词＋主语”(so表示肯定意义，neither/nor表示否定意义)。 None of us were familiar with planting, and nor did we know how to use gardening tools. 我们都不熟悉种植，也不知道如何使用园艺工具。 Tom can speak French.So can Jack． 汤姆会说法语。杰克也会。 5．as引导让步状语从句时，状语从句必须部分倒装；though引导让步状语从句时，从句可部分倒装，也可不倒装。 Tough as/though it is, we have achieved inspiring progress. 尽管很难， 我们取得了令人鼓舞的成就。 二、完全倒装 here, there, now, then, out, in, up, down, away, on the wall, in the room等表示地点、时间或方位的副词或介词短语置于句首，且句子主语为名词时，句子用全部倒装。 The Public Square is an eye-catching sight of the city. There stand many stone sculptures of famous historical figures. 大众广场是这个城市引人注目的景点，许多历史名人的石雕像矗立在那里。 Here are some suggestions，which I hope will be of benefit to you. 下面是一些建议，希望能对你有所帮助。 巩固训练夯提 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．It was when I got back to my apartment ________ I first came across my new neighbors. 2．But like so many other things, it is only too much stress ________ does you harm. 3．Only when Lily walked into the office ________ she realize that she had left the contract at home. 4．Into the complete silence of the waiting class ________(come) the teacher's sweet voice，“Good morning，children.” 5．Present at the party last night ________(be) Mr Green and many other guests. 6．Absurd ________ it might sound, everyone present was amused by his adventure story in Africa. 7．Next door to ours ________(live) a black couple，who seem to have settled in this community for quite a long time. 8．So much homework ________we have to do every day that we have little time to have a rest. Ⅱ.语法填空 [2023·雅礼中学高三月考试卷(三)] On a table at his home in Rosetta, a port city in 1.________ (north) Egypt, self-taught artist Ibrahim Bilal displayed a variety of his signature mini sculptures 2.________ (make) with pencil tips. With about 80 works 3.________ (feature) landmarks and famous people in Egypt and beyond, 4.________ 30-year-old artist said he 5.________ (inspire) four years ago to thoroughly grasp the art form after watching videos of a Chinese artist carving pencil lead(铅笔芯) into sculptures. Fond of ancient Egyptian icons(图标), Bilal dedicated one of his earliest works to the world-famous Rosetta Stone, an ancient Egyptian relic 6.________ (accidental) discovered in his city and has been kept in the British Museum. Bilal uses a microscope for an enlarged view, a set of pen cutters or carving detail 7.________ (knife), and quality pencils 8.________ are mostly made in Germany or China while working. Through his hands, landmarks across the globe, including the Leaning Tower of Pisa in Italy, appear on the pencil tips. The size of each sculpture is no more 9.________ 6 mm unless it is a tower. And each takes an average of 10 hours 10.________ (finish)． $$必修第三册 Unit 6 Disaster and hope 知识背诵清单通关练 （第一关）重点单词精选精背储备能量+核心词汇之转换词形词性 （第二关）重点短语再现背诵及研磨记忆巩固 （第三关）梳理核心词汇之转换词形词性及情境研磨记忆巩固 （第四关）基本句型模仿背诵及巩固情境研磨记忆巩固 （第五关）必备重点语法精讲精练 （第一关）重点单词精选精背储备能量 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.disaster n. 灾难，灾祸 2．plus adj. (用于数字后面表示)多，余 3．immediately adv. 即刻，马上 4．occur v. 发生 5．forecast v. 预测，预报 6．grab v. 攫住，抓住 7．rescue v. 营救，解救 8．claim v. (战争、事故等)夺去(生命) 9．crisis n. 危机 10．threaten v. 威胁到，危及 11．billion num. 十亿 12．nowhere adv. 什么地方都不，无处 13．otherwise adv. 否则，要不然 14．threat n. 威胁，可能会带来危险的人(事) 15．property n. 所有物，资产，财产 16．hurricane n. 飓风 17．landslide n. 山崩，滑坡 18．satellite n. 人造卫星 19．precisely adv. 精确地，准确地 20．helicopter n. 直升机 21．mosquito n. 蚊子 核心词汇之转换词形词性 1.erupt v. (火山)爆发，喷发→eruption n. (火山)喷发，爆发 2．announcement n. 通告，公告→announce v. 宣布，宣告 3．reliable adj. 可信赖的，可靠的→rely v. 依赖，依靠→reliability n. 可靠性 4．emergency n. 紧急情况，不测事件→emergent adj. 紧急的，突然出现的→emergently adv. 紧急地 5．exceptionally adv. 极其，非常→exceptional adj. 杰出的，优秀的；异常的，特别的→exception n. 例外；反感 6．sufficient adj. 足够的，充足的→sufficiency n. 足量，充足 （第二关）重点短语再现背诵及研磨记忆巩固 1．react to 对……作出反应 2．share ... with ... 和……分享…… 3．a crowd of 一群 4．after all 毕竟，终究 5．complain about 抱怨 6．compare with 和……相比 7．as well as 也，和 8．leave out 遗漏 9．head for 向……出发 10．agree to do sth 同意做某事 11．result in 导致，终于 12．pay attention to 注意…… 13．all of a sudden 突然 14．turn into 变成 15．consist of 由……组成(构成)；包括 16．up and down 来来回回；上上下下 17．keep on doing sth 坚持做某事 18．have yet to 还没有 19．be surrounded by 被……包围 第三关）梳理核心词汇之转换词形词性及情境研磨记忆巩固 ① immediately adv. 即刻，马上(教材P63) 　单句语法填空 ①(2021·全国甲卷)The seagulls ________ (immediate) went wildly. ②(剑桥高阶)________ (immediate) she'd gone, the boys started to mess about. 答案：①immediately　②Immediately 　单句表达 ③(牛津高阶)我的问题的要点可能不是一下子就能看出来的。 The point of my question ____________________． 答案：③may not be immediately apparent ② occur v. 发生(教材P63) 　单句语法填空 ①(朗文当代)It never seems to occur to my children ________ (contact) me. ②(牛津高阶)The idea occurred ________ him in a dream. ③(剑桥高阶)The study compares the ________ (occur) of heart disease in various countries. 答案：①to contact　②to　③occurrence 　一句多译 ④我怎么也没有想到她会遇上麻烦。 It __________________ that she might be in trouble. ＝It ________________ that she might be in trouble. 答案：④never occurred to me; never hit/struck me ③ announcement n. 通告，公告(教材P63) 　单句语法填空 ①(剑桥高阶)She announced the winner of the competition ________ an excited audience. ②(朗文当代)After ________ (announce) himself at the reception desk, James was led upstairs. ③(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Share library ________ (announce) on your social media. 答案：①to　②announcing　③announcements 　单句表达 ④(朗文当代)会议结束时，宣布达成了协议。 At the end of their meeting, ____________________ an agreement had been reached. 答案：④it was announced that ④ reliable adj. 可信赖的，可靠的(教材P65) 　单句语法填空 ①(牛津高阶)The ________ (reliable) of these results has been questioned. ②(朗文当代)Many working women rely on relatives ________ (help) take care of their children. ③(朗文当代)They have to rely on the river ________ their water. ④(牛津高阶)You can rely upon ________ that it will rain this weekend. 答案：①reliability　②to help　③for　④it 　单句表达 ⑤(中国日报)中方将继续视阿尔及利亚为可信赖的好朋友和伙伴，把相互了解的优良传统发扬到新的水平。 China will continue to regard Algeria as ________________________， carry forward the fine tradition of mutual understanding to a new level. 答案：⑤a reliable good friend and partner ⑤ rescue v. 营救，解救(教材P65) 　单句语法填空 ①(剑桥高阶)The lifeboat rescued the sailors ________ the sinking boat. ②(牛津高阶)A wealthy sponsor came ________ our rescue with a generous donation. 答案：①from　②to 　单句表达 ③(朗文当代)救援人员两小时后到达现场。 ____________________________ two hours later. 答案：③Rescue workers arrived at the scene ⑥ claim v. (战争、事故等)夺去(生命)(教材P66) 　单句语法填空 ①(朗文当代)I don't claim ________ (be) a feminist (女权主义者), but I'd like to see more women in managerial posts. ②(剑桥高阶)After her house was burgled, she made a claim ________ her insurance. ③(牛津高阶)She claimed damages ________ the company for the injury she had suffered. ④(剑桥高阶)He claims ________ (meet) the President, but I don't believe him. 答案：①to be　②on　③from　④to have met 　单句表达 ⑤(牛津高阶)据说有些医生每周工作80小时。 ____________________ some doctors were working 80 hours a week. 答案：⑤It was claimed that ⑦ threaten v. 威胁到，危及(教材P66) 　单句语法填空 ①(柯林斯词典)Some banks also have a hit list of people whom they threaten ________ (sue) for damages. ②(牛津高阶)He is unlikely to be a ________ (threaten) to the Spanish player in the final. ③(牛津高阶)The house seemed less ________ (threaten) in the cold light of day. 答案：①to sue　②threat　③threatening 　单句表达 ④(牛津高阶)他受到警告，如果继续上班迟到，就被辞退。 He ____________________ if he continued to turn up late for work. 答案：④was threatened with dismissal ① leave out 省去，删去；遗漏；不理会，忽视(教材P65) 　选词填空(leave behind/leave for/leave off/leave out)①(朗文当代)I tried calling him, but he'd already ____________ work. ②(牛津高阶)I wish you'd ____________ whistling like that. ③(朗文当代)She outlined the case to him, being careful not to ________ anything ________． ④(2019·天津高考)By opening a novel, I can ____________ my burdens and enter into a wonderful and mysterious world where I am now a new character. 答案：①left for　②leave off　③leave; out　④leave behind 　单句表达 ⑤(朗文当代)别管那男孩，他可以自己拿主意。 __________________， he can make up his own mind. 答案：⑤Leave the boy alone ② consist of 由……组成(构成)；包括……(教材P65) [名师点津]　consist of一般不用于进行时，也不用于被动语态；其非谓语动词应用现在分词。 　单句语法填空 ①(2020·北京高考)While doing research for her new book, she came across a 16th－century French manuscript (手稿) ________ (consist) of nearly 1，000 sets of instructions, covering subjects from tool making to finding the best sand. ②As far as I know, he is a man whose actions do not consist ________ his promises. ③(牛津高阶)The beauty of the city consists ________ its magnificent buildings. 答案：①consisting　②with　③in 　一句多译 ④(朗文当代)法律体系是由人组成的，人会犯错误。 The legal system ________________ people, and people make mistakes. ＝The legal system ________________ people, and people make mistakes. ＝The legal system ________________ people, and people make mistakes. 答案：④consists of; is composed of; is made up of ① 现在分词作状语 Picking up a free newspaper at the Tube station, I see the title “Hot! Hot! Hot！”. (教材P62)在地铁站拿起一份免费报纸，我看到标题写着“热！热！热！”。 (1)现在分词在句中作状语，可表示时间、条件、原因、结果、方式或伴随，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致。 (2)现在分词的一般式(doing)表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生或几乎同时发生，完成式(having done)表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前。 (3)现在分词的主动语态形式表示的动作和句子主语之间为主动关系，被动语态(being done)表示的动作和句子主语之间为被动关系。 　单句语法填空 ① All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, ______(say) that I had a talent for football. ②On the last day of our week­long stay, we were invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, ________ (listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals. ③________ (weave) among the kids who rushed by on their boards, I found my way to the beam. ④(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)In the mid－1990s, Tom Bissell taught English as a volunteer in Uzbekistan. He left after seven months, physically broken and ________ (lose) his mind. ⑤(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever－increasing populations, greatly ________ (reduce) waterfowl habitat (栖息地). 答案：①saying　②listening　③Weaving　④having lost　⑤reducing 　单句表达 ⑥(2020·北京高考)在与世界上许多最重要的人工智能研究人员交谈之后，我相信有充分的理由怀疑我们是否会很快看到AGI，如果有的话。 ____________ to many of the world's foremost AI researchers, I believe there is good reason to doubt that we will see AGI any time soon, if ever. 答案：⑥Having spoken ② 独立主格结构 Now we have another chance to look up at the stars of New Orleans, their beauty inspiring us and giving us confidence to move on. (教材P69)现在我们又有机会能仰望新奥尔良的星空了，它们的美鼓舞着我们，让我们有信心继续前行。 独立主格结构是由名词或代词加上分词等构成的一种独立结构，在形式上与主句没有关系，在句中主要起状语作用，相当于一个状语从句。独立主格结构基本构成形式： (1)名词(代词)＋现在分词(表示主动和正在进行) (2)名词(代词)＋过去分词(表示被动和已完成) (3)名词(代词)＋不定式(表示将要发生的动作) (4)名词(代词)＋形容词/副词/介词短语(用来说明名词或代词的性质、特征或所处的状态) 　单句语法填空 ①(中国日报)Their eyes firmly ________ (fix) on the rugged road, Li and his colleagues had little opportunity to enjoy the sight. ②(中国日报)Weather ________ (permit) I am out almost every day walking with my camera. ③So much housework ________ (do), my mother will not have time to go shopping this afternoon. 答案：①fixed　②permitting　③to do （第四关）基本句型模仿背诵及巩固情境研磨记忆巩固 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．(牛津高阶)It never occurred ________ her to ask anyone. 答案：to 2．(朗文当代)I can't remember what happened ________ (immediate) before the crash. 答案：immediately 3．(牛津高阶)Today's ________ (announce) of a peace agreement came after weeks of discussion. 答案：announcement 4．(中国日报)Congo's Mount Nyiragongo, which erupted last week, killing at least 32 people and displacing 5，000, is likely to have another volcanic ________ (erupt) in the coming day. 答案：eruption 5．(中国日报)The United States should make more efforts to control the pandemic at home where the virus has already ________ (claim) more than 100，000 lives. 答案：claimed 6．(朗文当代)Then he became angry and ________ (threat) that he would go to the police. 答案：threatened 7．(中国日报)The benefits of the high－speed maglev train include high speed, safety, ________ (reliable), a large passenger capacity and environmental protection. 答案：reliability 8．(牛津高阶)The weather, even for January, was ________ (exception) cold. 答案：exceptionally 9．(柯林斯词典)Nobody knows ________ (precise) how many people are still living in the camp. 答案：precisely 10．(牛津高阶)Our immune systems are killing ________ (billion) of germs right now. 答案：billions Ⅱ.选词填空 turn into; look out for; due to; have yet to; in history; up and down; lead to; all of a sudden; look through; leave out 1．(牛津高阶)____________ your Aunt while you're at the station. 答案：Look out for 2．(牛津高阶)Eating too much sugar can ____________ health problems. 答案：lead to 3．(牛津高阶)This word is wrongly spelt; you've ____________ a letter. 答案：left out 4．(剑桥高阶)It seemed to happen ____________—I felt dizzy and I just collapsed. 答案：all of a sudden 5．(朗文当代)A few weeks later, winter had ____________ spring. 答案：turned into 6．(柯林斯词典)Peter starts ____________ the mail as soon as the door shut. 答案：looking through 7．(柯林斯词典)They ________ show that they can really deliver working technologies. 答案：have yet to 8．(朗文当代)This day will go down ____________ as the start of a new era in South Africa. 答案：in history 9．(剑桥高阶)My little daughter started jumping ____________ with rage when she heard she couldn't go. 答案：up and down 10．(剑桥高阶)The restaurant's success was ________ largely ________ its new manager. 答案：due; to Ⅲ.单句表达 1．这种交流发生在公共汽车站、公共汽车上、排队时，几乎发生在陌生人聚集在一起的任何地方。 Such exchanges occur at bus stops, on buses, while ________________， almost anywhere that strangers gather close together. 答案：waiting in line 2．(中国日报)中国云游戏产业的市场规模预计将达到222.8亿元。 The market size of the cloud gaming industry in China ____________________ 22.28 billion yuan. 答案：is expected to reach 3．我正在做作业，这时出乎意料地断电了。 I ______________________________ electricity was cut off unexpectedly. 答案：was doing my homework when 4．冬天来了，天气变得越来越冷。 ________________， it gets colder and colder. 答案：Winter coming 5．一听到这个消息，他们都高声欢呼。 __________________________， they broke into loud cheers. 答案：On hearing the news （第五关）必备重点语法精讲精练 特殊句式 高考真题练悟 完成句子 1．多么有意义的一次经历啊！[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ读后续写] ________________________________________________________________________! 2．相信自己，你一定能成功。[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ读后续写] ________________________________________________________________________ 3．在我把钱交给父母之后，我才意识到成长的意义。[2021·浙江6月读后续写] ________________________________________________I realized the meaning of growing up. 4．只有通过说和听，你才能不断地练习，只有把你所学的运用起来，你才能尽快地掌握汉语。[2021·上海] Only by speaking and listening can you keep practicing it and only by putting what you have learnt into use ________________________________________________． [感悟]　写作三规则 1．使用强调增加句子力量。 2．使用完全倒装使句式富于变化。 3．使用部分倒装提升句子档次。 核心考点破析 考点一 祈使句 祈使句用来表达说话人的请求、命令、建议、劝告等。祈使句的主语一般为第二人称(通常省略)，有时也可用everybody, someone, anybody等不定代词。 Work hard，and you will make progress in English. 努力学习，你就会在英语上取得进步。 Never answer the phone while driving. 决不在开车时接电话。 Let Tom go there himself.让汤姆自己去那里。 考点二 感叹句 1.what引导的感叹句 ·What＋a/an＋adj.＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！ ·What＋adj.＋可数名词复数/不可数名词＋主语＋谓语！ What lovely children they are! 他们是多么可爱的孩子啊！ 2．how引导的感叹句 ·How＋adj.＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！ ·How＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语！ ·How＋主语＋谓语！ How interesting a story it is! →What an interesting story it is! 这是多么有趣的一个故事啊！ How time flies! 时间过得真快呀！ 考点三 强调句型 1.强调句型的基本结构：It is/was＋被强调的部分＋that/who＋其他。该句型可对句子的主语、宾语、状语等进行强调。 2．It is/was...who/that...结构不能强调谓语动词。可用助动词do，does或did来强调谓语动词，用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定陈述句中，do还可以用于祈使句。 I do hope to receive your early reply. 我真的希望早日收到你的回复。 Do remember to lock the door when you leave the office. 在你离开办公室的时候，一定要记得锁门。 3．当被强调部分是人，且作主语时，可用who或that，其他情况下一律用that。 It was Tom who/that I came across in the library yesterday. 昨天我在图书馆里遇见的是汤姆。 It was in the library that I met Tom yesterday. 我昨天是在图书馆里遇见的汤姆。 4．强调句型的一般疑问句结构：Is/Was＋it＋被强调的部分＋that/who＋其他部分？ Was it in the library that you met Tom yesterday? 昨天你是在图书馆里遇见的汤姆吗？ 5．强调句型的特殊疑问句结构：特殊疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that＋其他部分？ Where was it that you met Tom yesterday? 你昨天是在哪里遇见的汤姆？ 6．not...until的强调句型结构：It is/was not until...＋that＋其他部分。 It was not until yesterday that I was told that he was ill in hospital. 直到昨天我才被告知他生病住院了。 考点四 倒装 一、 部分倒装 1．将含有否定意义的副词或连词置于句首时引起部分倒装结构。这类词(组)有：never, seldom, rarely, little, few, at no time, by no means, no longer, hardly/scarcely... when..., no sooner... than..., not only... but also..., not until, nowhere, neither... nor...等。 Not until I lost my job did I realize I should improve my working skills.直到我失业了，我才意识到我应该提高我的工作技能。 2．“only＋状语”置于句首时，主句要进行部分倒装。 Only when Lily walked into the office did she realize that she had left the contract at home. 只有当莉莉走进办公室的时候，她才意识到她把合同忘在家里了。 3．so/such... that...结构中的so, such连同它所修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调时，主句要用部分倒装。 So touching did the song sound that I couldn't hold my tears back when I heard it for the first time. 这首歌听起来如此令人感动以至于我第一次听到它时就忍不住流下眼泪。 4．表示前面所说的情况也适用于后者时，用倒装结构“so/neither/nor＋助动词/系动词/情态动词＋主语”(so表示肯定意义，neither/nor表示否定意义)。 None of us were familiar with planting, and nor did we know how to use gardening tools. 我们都不熟悉种植，也不知道如何使用园艺工具。 Tom can speak French.So can Jack． 汤姆会说法语。杰克也会。 5．as引导让步状语从句时，状语从句必须部分倒装；though引导让步状语从句时，从句可部分倒装，也可不倒装。 Tough as/though it is, we have achieved inspiring progress. 尽管很难， 我们取得了令人鼓舞的成就。 二、完全倒装 here, there, now, then, out, in, up, down, away, on the wall, in the room等表示地点、时间或方位的副词或介词短语置于句首，且句子主语为名词时，句子用全部倒装。 The Public Square is an eye-catching sight of the city. There stand many stone sculptures of famous historical figures. 大众广场是这个城市引人注目的景点，许多历史名人的石雕像矗立在那里。 Here are some suggestions，which I hope will be of benefit to you. 下面是一些建议，希望能对你有所帮助。 巩固训练夯提 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．It was when I got back to my apartment ________ I first came across my new neighbors. 2．But like so many other things, it is only too much stress ________ does you harm. 3．Only when Lily walked into the office ________ she realize that she had left the contract at home. 4．Into the complete silence of the waiting class ________(come) the teacher's sweet voice，“Good morning，children.” 5．Present at the party last night ________(be) Mr Green and many other guests. 6．Absurd ________ it might sound, everyone present was amused by his adventure story in Africa. 7．Next door to ours ________(live) a black couple，who seem to have settled in this community for quite a long time. 8．So much homework ________we have to do every day that we have little time to have a rest. Ⅱ.语法填空 [2023·雅礼中学高三月考试卷(三)] On a table at his home in Rosetta, a port city in 1.________ (north) Egypt, self-taught artist Ibrahim Bilal displayed a variety of his signature mini sculptures 2.________ (make) with pencil tips. With about 80 works 3.________ (feature) landmarks and famous people in Egypt and beyond, 4.________ 30-year-old artist said he 5.________ (inspire) four years ago to thoroughly grasp the art form after watching videos of a Chinese artist carving pencil lead(铅笔芯) into sculptures. Fond of ancient Egyptian icons(图标), Bilal dedicated one of his earliest works to the world-famous Rosetta Stone, an ancient Egyptian relic 6.________ (accidental) discovered in his city and has been kept in the British Museum. Bilal uses a microscope for an enlarged view, a set of pen cutters or carving detail 7.________ (knife), and quality pencils 8.________ are mostly made in Germany or China while working. Through his hands, landmarks across the globe, including the Leaning Tower of Pisa in Italy, appear on the pencil tips. The size of each sculpture is no more 9.________ 6 mm unless it is a tower. And each takes an average of 10 hours 10.________ (finish)． 答案 高考真题练悟 1．What a meaningful experience it was 2．Believe it yourself and you are bound to make it. 3．It was after I handed my parents the cash that 4. can you master Chinese as quickly as possible Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．that　2.that　3.did　4.came　5.were　6.as/though 7．live　8.do Ⅱ.语法填空 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要描述了自学成才的埃及艺术家Ibrahim Bilal使用铅笔尖雕刻各种标志性迷你雕塑。 1．答案与解析：northern　考查形容词。句意：自学成才的艺术家Ibrahim Bilal在他位于埃及北部的港口城市罗塞塔家中的一张桌子上，展示了他用铅笔尖雕刻的各种标志性迷你雕塑。Egypt是名词，需要用形容词修饰名词作定语，构成northern Egypt意为“埃及的北部”。 2．答案与解析：made　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，displayed为句中的谓语动词，所以这里需要填非谓语动词；又因前文signature mini sculptures和make之间为被动关系，所以这里用过去分词作后置定语。 3．答案与解析：featuring　考查非谓语动词。句意：这位30岁的艺术家大约有80件作品，以埃及等地的地标和名人为特色。他说，四年前，他观看了一位中国艺术家将铅笔头雕刻成雕塑的视频，之后他受到启发，彻底掌握了这种艺术形式。根据前文with可知，这里应用非谓语动词；又因with＋works＋featuring，表示“具有……特征的作品”，这里是指作品自身带的特点，所以用现在分词。 4．答案与解析：the　考查冠词。根据后文30-year-old artist可知，这里应用定冠词the来特指这位30岁的艺术家。 5．答案与解析：was inspired　考查时态和语态。根据后文句意可知，他是深受一位中国艺术家的启发，所以he和inspire之间为被动关系；又因文章描述的是过去的一件事情，所以应用一般过去时的被动语态。 6．答案与解析：accidentally　考查副词。句意：Bilal喜欢古埃及的图标，举世闻名的罗塞塔石碑是他最早致力于的作品之一，这是一件在他所在的城市偶然发现的古埃及文物，目前保存在大英博物馆。根据后文discovered可知，这里应用副词来修饰动词作状语。 7．答案与解析：knives　考查名词。句意：Bilal在工作时使用显微镜进行放大，使用一套削笔刀或雕刻细节刀，以及质量上乘的铅笔，这些铅笔大多是德国或中国制造的。knife为可数名词的单数，根据前文的pen cutters，所以这里应填可数名词的复数形式。 8．答案与解析：which/that　考查定语从句。分析句子可知，这是一个限制性定语从句，先行词为pencils，指物，所以用关系代词which或 that，在定语从句中充当主语成分。 9．答案与解析：than　考查固定搭配。句意：除塔之外，每个雕塑的尺寸不超过6毫米。根据固定短语no more than意为“不超过”。 10．答案与解析：to finish　考查固定句型。句意：并且每一个雕塑平均需要10个小时才能完成。根据固定句型sth. takes sb. time to do意为“某事花费某人多少时间去做”。 $$