精品解析：安徽省六安第一中学2023-2024学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题

六安一中2024年春学期高二年级期末考试 英语试卷 时间：120分钟 满分：150分 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．How would the woman like her steak today? A．Rare. B．Medium. C．Well-done. 2．What is the relationship between the speakers? A．Teacher and student. B．Librarian and library user. C．Shop assistant and customer. 3．Why does the woman call the man? A．To ask for a favor. B．To say thanks. C．To make a complaint. 4．Where does the conversation take place? A．At the airport. B．On a plane. C．In a taxi. 5．What seems to be the man’s problem? A．He gets bored of reading. B．He is disturbed by the noise. C．He hates the hot weather today. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6，7题 6．What are the two speakers talking about? A．Different countries. B．Travel experiences. C．Historical places. 7．Where does the man come from? A．England. B．India. C．Egypt. 听第7段材料，回答第8，9题。 8．What can a camper do? A．Camp by the lake. B．Ski on a hill. C．Skate on a river. 9．How much does a non-member need to pay in all? A．380 dollars. B．350 dollars. C．320 dollars. 听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。 10．What does Jane have to do on Fridays? A．Practice the guitar. B．Take a grammar class. C．Work at the swimming pool. 11．What does the man think of playing tennis? A．Enjoyable. B．Difficult. C．Boring. 12．What are the two speakers going to learn? A．Singing. B．Doing DIY. C．Playing basketball. 13．On which day can the man attend the guitar class every week? A．Tuesday. B．Wednesday. C．Thursday. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14．Why does Kevin come here? A．To apply for a job. B．To conduct a survey. C．To give an interview. 15．What is Kevin’s duty? A．Saving sea animals. B．Reducing ocean pollution. C．Spreading knowledge of the ocean. 16．What caused trouble for the turtle? A．Oil. B．A bottle. C．A cloth. 17．When did Kevin set his life goal? A．When he was twelve. B．When he was in high school. C．When he was at university. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18．What does the speaker tell us first? A．The serious problems caused by lack of vitamin A. B．The number of children who are lacking in vitamin A. C．The effort that the team made in developing the superbanana. 19．Who are the creators of the superbanana? A．An Australian scientist. B．A team of African scientists. C．Scientists from Africa and Australia. 20．How does the speaker sound when speaking of the superbanana’s future? A．Hopeful. B．Disappointed. C．Doubtful. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。 A The Talk: “The Evolution of Morality” Professor Stephen Stich’s Talk on “The Evolution of Morality” The Department of Philosophy, the Institute of Foreign Philosophy, and the Center for the Studies of Analytic Philosophy at Peking University invite Professor Stephen Stich (Rutgers University, USA) to visit Peking University on March 29th, 2024. Professor Stephen Stich kindly accepts the invitation and will deliver a talk on the evolution of morality from 10:00 to 12:00 on March 29th, 2024 in Room 109 of the No. 3 Yard of Lee Shau Kee Humanities Buildings. The Abstract for the Talk: The theory of moral psychology proposed by Sripada & Stich, and many other theories in which social learning plays a major role, suggests that people will often internalize standards that reduce their own biological fitness. It might be thought that no such psychological mechanism could possibly evolve. But that would be a mistake. In this talk, I’ll explain why it was all but unavoidable that natural selection would lead to moral psychology in our species, once we had acquired the ability to learn from one another. The account I’ll offer explains why many moral regulations improve cooperative or pro-social behavior. It also explains why many human regulations lead to ethnic hatred and morally unacceptable behavior. If the account is correct, these standards will be very difficult to overturn, and powerful cultural differences in standards are likely to be widespread. * Chandra Sripada & Stephen Stich, “A Framework for the Psychology of Norms,” in P. Carruthers, S. Laurence & S. Stich, eds., The Innate Mind: Culture and Cognition. (New York: Oxford University Press), 2006. pp. 280-301. 1. What will happen at Peking University according to the text? A. Lee Shau Kee will give lectures. B. A foreign expert will visit. C An international conference will be held. D. Sripada and Stich will conduct a book fare. 2. Whom does “I” in the text refer to? A. S. Laurence B. P. Carruthers C. Stephen Stich D. Chandra Sripada 3. What is the text? A. A book review B. A research abstract C. A sales advertisement D. An academic notice 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则讲座通知，包括讲座的时间、地点、主讲人介绍和内容简介等方面的信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“The Department of Philosophy, the Institute of Foreign Philosophy, and the Center for the Studies of Analytic Philosophy at Peking University invite Professor Stephen Stich (Rutgers University, USA) to visit Peking University on March 29th, 2024. (北京大学哲学系、外国哲学研究所、分析哲学研究中心将于2024年3月29日邀请来自美国罗格斯大学的Stephen Stich教授访问北京大学。)”可知，一位外国专家Stephen Stich教授将来北京大学。故选B项。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据标题“Professor Stephen Stich’s Talk on “The Evolution of Morality”（Stephen Stich教授谈“道德的演变”）”和The Abstract for the Talk:(演讲摘要)中“In this talk, I’ll explain why it was all but unavoidable that natural selection would lead to moral psychology in our species, once we had acquired the ability to learn from one another.(在这次演讲中，我将解释为什么一旦我们获得了相互学习的能力，自然选择就会导致我们物种的道德心理，这几乎是不可避免的。)”可知，文章演讲摘要中的“I”指的是Stephen Stich教授。故选C项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，根据标题Professor Stephen Stich’s Talk on “The Evolution of Morality”(Stephen Stich谈“道德的演变”)和第一段中“The Department of Philosophy, the Institute of Foreign Philosophy, and the Center for the Studies of Analytic Philosophy at Peking University invite Professor Stephen Stich (Rutgers University, USA) to visit Peking University on March 29th, 2024. (北京大学哲学系、外国哲学研究所、分析哲学研究中心将于2024年3月29日邀请来自美国罗格斯大学的Stephen Stich教授访问北京大学。)”可知，本文是一则通知：美国罗格斯大学Stephen Stich教授将于 2024年3月29日10:00~12:00在北京大学做关于“道德的演变”的讲座。故选D项。 B Niu Rong, better known as Red Panda, has become a significant presence at NBA halftime shows across the US. Niu is a fourth-generation acrobat (杂技演员) and grew up in Taiyuan, China. She started learning from her parents at age 7. Niu joined the famed Shanghai Acrobatic Troupe as a teenager. She traveled the world and gained valuable experience performing her routine regularly. She knew that the US was where she needed to be, despite the fact that she then spoke only limited English. So she reached out to a contact who worked for Walt Disney World and asked if she could perform at the World Showcase at Epcot Center. When she was 19, Niu made the move to Orlando, Florida. With Disney’s blessing, she spent her downtime performing in restaurants, schools and various businesses in the area. After about a year and a half, she decided to move to San Francisco, mostly because of the city’s large Chinese population. Without a full-time job for the first time in her life as a performer, Niu began sending out audition tapes to whomever she thought might be interested. She had been pitching her acrobat audition video to NBA teams for a halftime show for nearly two years without hearing a word of interest. She was working relentlessly at the time, feeling like she performed at every school and corporate events possible. Finally, on Thanksgiving Day in 1993, she received a call from the Los Angeles Clippers. Their scheduled halftime act for the game that night had to cancel, and the team was wondering if she could fill in. She jumped at the chance and hopped on the next flight from her home in San Francisco to Los Angeles. While Niu was anxious about her first real opportunity and took the court with butterflies in her stomach, she was stunned to finish her routine to a standing ovation. It didn’t take long for the Los Angeles Clippers to book her again. Today, Niu is one of the most popular performers in NBA and college basketball ranks. 4. What does the underlined “downtime” in the second paragraph most probably mean? A. Boring time. B. Hard time. C. Busy time. D. Spare time. 5. What’s the right order of Niu Rong’s life? a．Niu gave the performances in Walt Disney World. b．Niu participated in the famed Shanghai Acrobatic Troupe. c．Niu received a call to give a performance in NBA. d．Niu was signed to perform by the Los Angeles Clippers. A. abcd B. bacd C. acbd D. badc 6. What can’t be inferred from the passage? A Niu’s family was an acrobatic family. B. Niu is a positive and experienced acrobat. C. Niu was attracted by the prosperity of San Francisco. D. Niu won the opportunity by sending out audition tapes. 7. According to the passage, what kind of person is Niu Rong? A. Determined and inspiring. B. Confident and selfless. C Strict and professional. D. Responsible and caring. 【答案】4. D 5. B 6. C 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了在NBA比赛的中场表演中国传统杂技的女性——牛蓉。 【4题详解】 词义猜测题。根据文章第二段画线词后“performing in restaurants, schools and various businesses in the area (在餐厅，学校和该地区的各种企业演出)”牛蓉是利用业余时间在餐馆、学校和商业活动中进行杂技表演，所以指的是她度过了艰难的时光。故选D。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Niu joined the famed Shanghai Acrobatic Troupe as a teenager. (牛少年时就加入了著名的上海杂技团。)”根据文章第二段“So she reached out to a contact who worked for Walt Disney World and asked if she could perform at the World Showcase at Epcot Center. When she was 19, Niu made the move to Orlando, Florida. With Disney’s blessing, she spent her downtime performing in restaurants, schools and various businesses in the area. (于是，她联系了一位在迪士尼乐园工作的联系人，问她能否在艾波科特中心的世界展示会上表演。19岁时，Niu搬到了佛罗里达州的奥兰多。在迪士尼的支持下，她利用空闲时间在该地区的餐馆、学校和各种企业表演。)”文章第三段“Finally, on Thanksgiving Day in 1993, she received a call from the Los Angeles Clippers. Their scheduled halftime act for the game that night had to cancel, and the team was wondering if she could fill in. She jumped at the chance and hopped on the next flight from her home in San Francisco to Los Angeles. (终于，在1993年的感恩节那天，她接到了洛杉矶快船队的电话。他们原定于当晚比赛的中场表演不得不取消，球队想知道她能否填补空缺。她抓住了这个机会，跳上了从旧金山的家飞往洛杉矶的下一班航班。)”以及文章第三段“It didn’t take long for the Los Angeles Clippers to book her again. (没过多久，洛杉矶快船队就再次签下了她。)”可知，首先是少年时就加入了著名的上海杂技团；其次是在迪斯尼乐园表演；然后接到了去NBA打球的电话；最后牛被洛杉矶快船队签约演出。故选B。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“After about a year and a half, she decided to move to San Francisco, mostly because of the city’s large Chinese population. (大约一年半后，她决定搬到旧金山，主要是因为这个城市有大量的中国人。)”可以判断出牛蓉搬到旧金山是由于那里华人较多，更懂得欣赏中国杂技表演。故选C。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“So she reached out to a contact who worked for Walt Disney World and asked if she could perform at the World Showcase at Epcot Center. When she was 19, Niu made the move to Orlando, Florida. With Disney’s blessing, she spent her downtime performing in restaurants, schools and various businesses in the area. (于是，她联系了一位在迪士尼乐园工作的联系人，问她能否在艾波科特中心的世界展示会上表演。19岁时，Niu搬到了佛罗里达州的奥兰多。在迪士尼的支持下，她利用空闲时间在该地区的餐馆、学校和各种企业表演。)” 以及文章第三段“It didn’t take long for the Los Angeles Clippers to book her again. (没过多久，洛杉矶快船队就再次签下了她。)”牛蓉度过艰难时光，最终成为NBA杂技的演员；我们可以判断她是一个有坚定毅力并能激励别人的杂技演员。故选A。 C Nobody likes to feel negative emotions: Anger, jealousy and regret can all be overwhelming. In fact, we dislike feeling negative emotions so much that some of us will do anything to avoid them, from adopting a sense of denial to turning to food or work as a distraction. Deep down we know that we can’t be joyful all the time, so why do we have such a problem with the less-than-favorable feelings? It’s natural for people to avoid or suppress negative emotions. We are biologically programmed above all else to survive, to keep ourselves safe; therefore, anything that our brain perceives as something out of our comfort zone, something that might harm us in any way is usually avoided. This is the default in-built programming we have inherited from our ancestors. However, when we do, things don’t always work out well for us. “When we bury our emotions, they inevitably end up reappearing elsewhere further down the line,” says Dr. Elena Touroni, a consultant psychologist of The Chelsea Psychology Clinic. “Burying them in this way can cause a whole host of different issues and symptoms such as headaches and anxiety.” Not only can burying our less-desirable emotions impact our well-being, but it also prevents us from enjoying the well-being rewards coming along with these emotions. Actually, it’s a sign of emotional well-being to be able to acknowledge and stay with the uncomfortable feelings instead of pushing them away or denying them. Negative emotions can be wonderful signposts if we pay attention to them. For example, a feeling of dread, uncertainty or fear in any working environment might be a great sign that you need to start to consider changing that environment. Our emotions are a big part of being human and they serve an important function—even the difficult ones. As Elena says: “Without negative emotions, we would struggle to know our boundaries, how to keep ourselves safe, what hurts us or makes us happy. They can guide us toward making decisions that serve us in the long term.” 8. What is Paragraph 2 of the text mainly about? A. The features of negative emotions. B. The definition of negative emotions. C. The causes of avoiding negative emotions. D. The methods of avoiding negative emotions. 9. What does Dr. Elena Touroni suggest? A. Keeping a positive attitude. B. Ignoring the negative emotion. C. Taking care of the physical condition. D. Acknowledging the uncomfortable feelings. 10. Why is the working environment mentioned in Paragraph 4? A. To explain function of negative emotions. B. To stress the benefits of negative emotions. C. To prove the powerful influence of negative emotions. D. To remind that negative emotions can change your job. 11 What can be the best title for the passage? A. The Good Side of Negative Emotions B. The Reasons for Negativity C. The Influence of Negative Emotions D. The Ways to Embrace Negative Emotions 【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。本文通过阐述隐藏负面情绪所带来的坏结果和接受负面情绪所带来的好处来论证负面情绪是有益的。 【8题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段中“It’s natural for people to avoid or suppress negative emotions. We are biologically programmed above all else to survive, to keep ourselves safe;(人们避免或抑制负面情绪是很自然的。从生物学角度来说，我们的首要任务是生存，保护自己的安全)”和“This is the default in-built programming we have inherited from our ancestors.(这是我们从祖先那里继承来的默认内置编程)” 可知，本段主要阐述人们会避开消极情绪的原因。故选C项。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中““When we bury our emotions, they inevitably end up reappearing elsewhere further down the line,” says Dr. Elena Touroni, a consultant psychologist of The Chelsea Psychology Clinic. “Burying them in this way can cause a whole host of different issues and symptoms such as headaches and anxiety.(“切尔西心理诊所的咨询心理学家埃琳娜·图罗尼博士说:“当我们把情绪埋藏起来时，它们不可避免地会在以后的其他地方再次出现。”“以这种方式埋葬它们会导致一系列不同的问题和症状，如头痛和焦虑。”)”和最后一段中“Without negative emotions, we would struggle to know our boundaries, how to keep ourselves safe, what hurts us or makes us happy. They can guide us toward making decisions that serve us in the long term.(如果没有负面情绪，我们很难知道自己的界限，如何保证自己的安全，什么会伤害我们，什么会让我们快乐。它们可以引导我们做出对我们长期有益的决定)”可知，隐藏负面情绪是有害的。由此推知，Dr. Elena Touroni认为我们应该面对并接受负面情绪。故选D项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Actually, it’s a sign of emotional well-being to be able to acknowledge and stay with the uncomfortable feelings instead of pushing them away or denying them. Negative emotions can be wonderful signposts if we pay attention to them.(事实上，能够承认并忍受不舒服的感觉，而不是把它们推开或否认，这是情感健康的标志。如果我们注意的话，消极情绪可以是很好的路标)”可知，承认负面情绪（存在），与负面情绪共存而不是拒绝或推开它，是情感健康的标志；接着通过工作环境的例子详细说明上文的论点：负面情绪可以影射情感健康。由此推知，提及工作环境是为了强调负面情绪的好处。故选B项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合最后一段中“Without negative emotions, we would struggle to know our boundaries, how to keep ourselves safe, what hurts us or makes us happy. They can guide us toward making decisions that serve us in the long term.(如果没有负面情绪，我们很难知道自己的界限，如何保证自己的安全，什么会伤害我们，什么会让我们快乐。它们可以引导我们做出对我们长期有益的决定)”可知，本文通过阐述隐藏负面情绪所带来的坏结果和接受负面情绪所带来的好处来论证负面情绪是有益于我们的。因此A项“消极情绪好的一面”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选A项。 D The hottest table reservation is now outdoors. From Instagram-worthy settings in city parks to car boots pulling out fancy tablecloths, cushions and flatware, picnics are no longer the domain of simple sandwiches ready-made meals. They’re catered events. Picnics have caught the imagination of Generation Z, who, according to Pinterest, are now often choosing picnic over restaurants and movie nights. Today’s picnics may focus on clean living and fresh air, but the word “picnic” has far more raucous (吵闹的) beginnings. The word pique-nique first appeared in a 17th-century French poem that featured a character called Pique-Nique. Among French aristocracy, the term came to mean a dinner where everyone brought food and drink to share. With industrialization and the growth of cities in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, an escape to the country became fashionable, and the picnic moved outside. Picnics were no longer about indoor parties, but healthy living. In the 1830s, city-dwelling Americans started to copy Europeans, throwing down their picnic rugs in parks to embrace the countryside vibe. The modern picnic, laying a blanket down on the ground and toting your food in a cooler, came in the late 1950s and 1960s with car tourism. Many countries have long used a picnic to mark an occasion, such as the Japanese tradition of picnicking under flowering trees during the centuries-old cherry blossom festivals, or the Finnish herring picnic on May Day. Now, some new companies want to spread the idea of a picnic as a special event. What unites all picnics throughout the years is the element of delight and the sense that no matter what you eat, serve or do, you can never go wrong. Even if you’ve forgotten the corkscrew or the salad dressing, or it starts to rain, this only serves to increase the fun than diminish it. 12. What do Generation Z think of picnic according to paragraph 1? A. They should make sandwiches for their picnics. B. They can get picnic ideas from their imagination. C. They prefer picnics to restaurants and movie nights. D. They can swim and enjoy flowers during picnic time. 13. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A. What picnics were about in the history. B. What people focus on today in picnics. C. Why the picnic moved outside later. D. How going on a picnic became popular. 14. Which of the following statement is wrong according to the passage? A. Pique-Nique was a character in a 17th century French poem. B. Picnics were originally indoor parties for French aristocracy. C. Europeans copied Americans and went for a picnic in the countryside. D. People in the late 1950s toted food in a cooler when going for a picnic. 15. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs? A. Japanese people have a longer tradition of going for a picnic than Finnish people. B. Picnics can bring people joy and have no standard about what they eat and do. C. People should go on a picnic during rainy days in order to have more pleasure. D. Many companies promote the idea of going on picnics so as to make more money. 【答案】12. C 13. A 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了野餐重新受到欢迎的原因以及野餐的由来。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Picnics have caught the imagination of Generation Z, who, according to Pinterest, are now often choosing picnic over restaurants and movie nights.(野餐吸引了Z世代的想象力，根据Pinterest的数据，他们现在经常选择野餐，而不是餐馆和电影之夜。)”可知，比起餐馆和电影之夜，Z世代更喜欢野餐。故选C项。 【13题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“Today’s picnics may focus on clean living and fresh air, but the word “picnic” has far more raucous (吵闹的) beginnings. The word pique-nique first appeared in a 17th-century French poem that featured a character called Pique-Nique. Among French aristocracy, the term came to mean a dinner where everyone brought food and drink to share. With industrialization and the growth of cities in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, an escape to the country became fashionable, and the picnic moved outside. Picnics were no longer about indoor parties, but healthy living. In the 1830s, city-dwelling Americans started to copy Europeans, throwing down their picnic rugs in parks to embrace the countryside vibe. The modern picnic, laying a blanket down on the ground and toting your food in a cooler, came in the late 1950s and 1960s with car tourism.(今天的野餐可能关注的是干净的生活和新鲜的空气，但“野餐”这个词的起源要喧闹得多。pique-nique这个词最早出现在17世纪的一首法国诗中，诗中有一个名叫pique-nique的人物。在法国贵族中，这个词的意思是每个人都带着食物和饮料分享的晚餐。随着18世纪末和19世纪初的工业化和城市的发展，逃离乡村成为一种时尚，野餐也转移到了户外。野餐不再是室内聚会，而是健康的生活方式。19世纪30年代，居住在城市的美国人开始模仿欧洲人，在公园里放下野餐毯，感受乡村氛围。现代野餐是在地上铺一条毯子，把食物放在冷藏箱里，这种野餐是在20世纪50年代末和60年代随着汽车旅游而出现的。)”可知，该段主要讲的是不同历史阶段野餐的内容。故选A项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“In the 1830s, city-dwelling Americans started to copy Europeans, throwing down their picnic rugs in parks to embrace the countryside vibe.(19世纪30年代，居住在城市的美国人开始模仿欧洲人，在公园里放下野餐毯，感受乡村氛围。)”可知，C项“欧洲人模仿美国人去乡村野餐”的表述有误。故选C项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“What unites all picnics throughout the years is the element of delight and the sense that no matter what you eat, serve or do, you can never go wrong.(多年来，将所有野餐联系在一起的是快乐的元素，以及无论你吃什么、提供什么或做什么，你永远不会出错。)”可知，野餐可以给人们带来快乐，并且对他们吃什么和做什么没有标准。故选B项。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下列短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Language Learner Habits to Avoid Successful language learners do the kind of things the unsuccessful ones don’t and avoid the ones that unsuccessful ones do! This article is about language learning habits that successful learners avoid. Always being distracted. Being distracted by noises, people walking past or your own thoughts will take you away from being present. Presence is of fundamental importance in learning.______16______ Study can’t make up for a lack of presence — nothing can. Only talking the talk. There is little point in making plans or talking about what you are going to do if you do not follow through. ______17______ You need to walk the talk. If you are only talking the talk, maybe it has to do with one of the other habits mentioned below! ______18______ We can all get lazy if we are doing things that are not inspiring us. Who gets lazy when they are courting a partner? Who gets lazy with things they love doing? Laziness is a sign that something has to change. Forcing yourself to persist will only last for so long, before it gives way to more laziness. Giving up. “The most certain way to succeed,” Thomas Edison once said, “is always to try just one more time.” _______19_______ And often, it comes after first failing time and time again. If you are doing any of these, my suggestion is to look more carefully and see if you can move away from these practices. _______20_______ A. Giving in to laziness. B. Learning to get rid of laziness. C. In a sense, we do learn by trial and error. D. Once you do, you will be heading in a better direction. E. Success, however you define it, never comes from not trying. F. Action is what will produce results, not just words or thoughts. G. Without that, you cannot notice the things that can help you to improve. 【答案】16. G 17. F 18. A 19. E 20. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了语言学习者要避免的几个语言学习习惯，比如总是分心、只是说说而已以及轻易放弃等。 【16题详解】 根据段落主题句“Always being distracted.(总是分心)”可知，该段的主要内容与“分心”有关。空处上一句“Presence is of fundamental importance in learning.(专注对学习至关重要)”介绍“不分心”对学习的重要性，空处下一句“Study can’t make up for a lack of presence — nothing can.(学习不能弥补注意力的分散——没有什么可以)”也在强调没有什么可以弥补注意力的分散。因此设空处应该同样介绍注意力的重要性。分析选项内容可知，G项“心不在焉的话，你就不会注意到那些能帮助你进步的事情。”符合语境；G项中的that 指代上文中的Presence。故选G。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Only talking the talk. There is little point in making plans or talking about what you are going to do if you do not follow through.(只说不做。如果你不坚持到底，制定计划或谈论你要做什么就没有什么意义了)”以及后文“You need to walk the talk. If you are only talking the talk, maybe it has to do with one of the other habits mentioned below!(你需要言行一致。如果你只是说说而已，也许这与下面提到的其他习惯之一有关！)”本段主要介绍 “只说不做”这一不好的语言学习习惯。空前内容指出只有计划没有行动是没意义的，空后强调了行动的重要性。F项“行动才会产生结果，而不仅仅是靠言语或想法”承上启下，符合语境。故选F。 【18题详解】 空处为段落主旨句，应与其他段落的主旨句在形式上保持一致，同时在内容上应概括介绍一种不好的语言学习习惯。根据下文“We can all get lazy if we are doing things that are not inspiring us. Who gets lazy when they are courting a partner? Who gets lazy with things they love doing? Laziness is a sign that something has to change. Forcing yourself to persist will only last for so long, before it gives way to more laziness.(如果我们做的事情不能激励我们，我们都会变得懒惰。谁在追求伴侣的时候会变得懒惰呢?谁会对自己喜欢做的事情偷懒呢?懒惰是需要改变的信号。强迫自己坚持只会持续很长时间，在它让位于更多的懒惰之前)”可知，本段主要介绍“懒惰”相关的内容。因此A项“屈服于懒惰”概括了本段主旨。故选A。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Giving up. “The most certain way to succeed,” Thomas Edison once said, “is always to try just one more time.”(放弃。托马斯·爱迪生曾经说过：“成功最可靠的方法就是再试一次。”)”空前内容提到Thomas Edison的有关成功的名言。E项“不尝试就永远不会成功——不论你如何定义它。”可以承接上文；succeed和Success是同根词复现。同时，E项中的(it) never comes与下文的it comes是对比的逻辑关系。故选E。 【20题详解】 空处上一句“If you are doing any of these, my suggestion is to look more carefully and see if you can move away from these practices.(如果你正在做这些，我的建议是更仔细地看看你是否可以摆脱这些做法)”鼓励人们要摆脱上文中提到的不良习惯，D项“一旦你这样做了，你就会向着更好的方向前进。”承接上文内容(do指代上文的 to look more carefully and see if you can move away from these practices)。故选D。 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Explorer Lucy Shepherd and her team completed a 253-mile walk across the Amazon’s Kanuku Mountains in 50 days. She said she ____21____ deadly snakes and groups of wasps (黄蜂) and had to climb a tree to ___22___ a herd of wild boars (野猪). “I’m exhausted but excited,” she said. Ms. Shepherd ____23____ the challenge in the hope of highlighting the ongoing deforestation of the Amazon and the ____24____ to protect wildlife areas. For 17 days of the mission the group travelled without seeing ____25____, due to the density of the jungle’s covering. Once they were left holding their backpacks to stay afloat as their boat ___26___ in the strong rapids of the river. Ms. Shepherd said she did not have accurate maps to ____27____. “It was a ____28____ but unbelievably rewarding journey and to see what we’ve _____29_____ together as a team is just ____30____,” she said. “To know I have witnessed the ___31___ of one of the last remaining unexplored wildernesses on earth is the _____32_____ that will stay with me forever.” “The Kanuku Mountains are ____33____ growing pressures from unsustainable wildlife hunting and trapping, logging and mining, as well as forest clearing for agricultural expansion, which all ____34____ this unique ecosystem,” she said. Ms. Shepherd’s next journey is to ____35____ the Arctic next year. 21. A. found B. met C. ate D. caught 22. A. trick B. shoot C. escape D. hunt 23. A. took on B. gave up C. thought about D. fought for 24. A. need B. ability C. potential D. freedom 25. A. clouds B. rocks C. sunlight D. water 26. A. came in B. broke down C. set off D. turned over 27. A. read B. follow C. watch D. guide 28. A. smooth B. dangerous C. pleasant D. favorable 29. A. received B. prepared C. achieved D. expected 30. A. incredible B. imaginable C. possible D. reliable 31. A. destruction B. development C. change D. beauty 32. A. shame B. reward C. regret D. fear 33. A. facing B. reducing C. surviving D. resisting 34. A. improve B. protect C. support D. threaten 35. A. occupy B. defend C. explore D. locate 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文的是一篇新闻报道。文章讲的是关于探险家露西·谢泼德和她的团队穿越亚马逊的卡努库山脉的冒险经历，以及她对保护这片独特生态系统的呼吁。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说，她遇到了致命的蛇和成群的黄蜂，不得不爬树躲避一群野猪。A. found发现；B. met遇见，遇到；C. ate吃；D. caught抓住。根据上文的“Explorer Lucy Shepherd and her team completed a 253-mile walk across the Amazon’s Kanuku Mountains in 50 days. (探险家露西·谢泼德和她的团队在50天内完成了穿越亚马逊卡努库山脉的253英里步行)”以及下文的“deadly snakes and groups of wasps (致命的蛇和成群的黄蜂)”可知，此处说的是探险家露西·谢泼德和她的团队在探险过程中遭遇了致命的蛇和成群的黄蜂，故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. trick欺骗；B. shoot射击；C. escape逃避，躲避；D. hunt搜寻。根据上文的“had to climb a tree (不得不爬树)”以及下文的“a herd of wild boars (一群野猪)”可知，此处说的是探险家露西·谢泼德和她的团队爬树躲避一群野猪，故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：谢泼德女士接受了这一挑战，希望强调亚马逊地区正在发生的森林砍伐以及保护野生动物区的必要性。A. took on接受；B. gave up放弃；C. thought about考虑；D. fought for争夺。根据下文的“the challenge (挑战)”可知，此处说的是谢泼德女士接受了挑战，故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. need必要性；B. ability能力；C. potential潜力；D. freedom自由。根据上文的“in the hope of highlighting the ongoing deforestation of the Amazon (希望强调亚马逊地区正在发生的森林砍伐)”和下文的“to protect wildlife areas (保护野生动物区)”可知，此处说的是保护野生动物区的必要性，故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于丛林覆盖密集，探险队在该次任务的前 17 天中一直在没有阳光的环境下行进。A. clouds云；B. rocks岩石；C. sunlight阳光；D. water水。根据下文的 “due to the thickness of the jungle’s covering (由于丛林覆盖密集)”可知，探险队看不到阳光，故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：有一次当他们的船在湍急的河流中翻船时，他们只能紧紧抓住背包以求浮在水面。A. came in进来；B. broke down失败；C. set off出发；D. turned over翻转。根据上文的 “Once they were left holding their backpacks to stay afloat (有一次，他们只能紧紧抓住背包以求浮在水面)”可知，他们的船翻了，故选D项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：女士表示，她没有准确的地图可供参考。A. read读；B. follow遵循；C. watch看；D. guide指导。根据上文“Ms. Shepherd said she did not have accurate maps to (她没有准确的地图)”可知，她们在湍急的河流中翻船，四处漂流，没有地图可参考，所以空白处应填表示“参考，遵循”含义的动词，故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一次危险但难以置信的收获之旅，看到我们作为一个团队所取得的成就只是收获的开始。A. smooth光滑的；B. dangerous危险的；C. pleasant令人愉快的；D. favorable赞成的。根据上文“Once they were left holding their backpacks to stay afloat (有一次，他们只能紧紧抓住背包以求浮在水面)”可知，她们在湍急的河流中翻船，是很危险的，故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一次危险但收获颇丰的旅程，看到我们作为团队一起取得的成就，简直不可思议。A. received收到；B. prepared准备；C. achieved获得；D. expected期望。根据上文“unbelievably rewarding journey (难以置信的有益旅程)”以及下文“as a team (作为一个团队)”可知，此处说的是作为一个团队，她们收获了危险但难以置信的有益旅程，空白处应填表示“获得”含义的动词，故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. incredible不可思议的；B. imaginable可想象的；C. possible可能的；D. reliable可信赖的。根据上文“unbelievably rewarding journey (令人难以置信的收获之旅)”可知，作者认为她们经历的以及所看到的是令人感到不可思议的，故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：能够亲眼目睹地球上最后一片未经探索的荒野的美景，这份奖赏将永远留在我的心中。A. destruction破坏；B. development发展；C. change改变；D. beauty美。根据下文“one of the last remaining unexplored wildernesses on earth (地球上最后一片未经探索的荒野)”可知，此处说的是地球上最后一片未经探索的荒野之美，故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. shame惭愧；B. reward奖励；C. regret遗憾；D. fear恐惧。根据上文“unbelievably rewarding journey (令人难以置信的收获之旅)”以及“one of the last remaining unexplored wildernesses on earth (地球上最后一片未经探索的荒野)”可知，此处上下文说的是虽然她们途中遇险，但是却有幸亲眼目睹地球上最后一片未经探索的荒野的美景，她们认为这是一种对她们勇敢探索的奖励，故选B项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：卡努库山脉正面临来自不可持续的野生动物狩猎和诱捕、伐木和采矿，以及农业扩张中清理森林的越来越大的压力，这些活动均对这一独特的生态系统构成了威胁。A. facing面对；B. reducing降低；C. surviving幸存；D. resisting抵制。根据下文“growing pressures from unsustainable wildlife hunting and trapping, logging and mining, as well as forest clearing for agricultural expansion (不可持续的野生动物狩猎和诱捕、伐木和采矿以及为农业扩张而进行的森林砍伐带来的压力越来越大)”可知，此处说的是卡努库山脉面对的问题，故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. improve提高；B. protect保护；C. support支持；D. threaten威胁。根据上文的“growing pressures from unsustainable wildlife hunting and trapping, logging and mining, as well as forest clearing for agricultural expansion (不可持续的野生动物狩猎和诱捕、伐木和采矿以及为农业扩张而进行的森林砍伐带来的压力越来越大)”以及下文的“this unique ecosystem (这一独特的生态系统)”可知，此处说的是卡努库山脉面临的问题对这一独特的生态系统造成的威胁，故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：谢泼德女士的下一个旅程是明年探索北极。A. occupy居住；B. defend防御；C. explore探险；D. locate找到。根据上文的“Explorer Lucy Shepherd and her team completed a 253-mile walk across the Amazon’s Kanuku Mountains in 50 days. (探险家露西·谢泼德和她的团队在50天内完成了穿越亚马逊卡努库山脉的253英里步行)”以及“next journey (下一个旅程)”可知，探险家露西·谢泼德和她的团队在探险，可推理出此处说的是她们的下一个探险旅程，故选C项。 第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下列短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China’s Chang’e missions and NASA’s Apollo missions reflect humanity’s long obsession with Earth’s satellite. Cultures _____36_____ (track) the lunar cycle for tens of thousands of years. In fact, the term “month” originates _____37_____ (direct) from “Moon”. The lunar cycle remains an essential part of religions and cultures across Earth, ____38____ (mark) important events and milestones. Of course, the Moon’s importance in the night sky has influenced humanity for millennia. People all over the world associate it _____39_____ various deities (神明) and cultures. Moon deities are both gods and goddesses in different _____40_____ (faith). Some of the best known were female, like Selene, worshipped by the ancient Greeks. The Chinese admired the goddess Chang’e, ____41____ origin story is a key part of China’s modern-day _____42_____ (celebrate) of the Mid-Autumn Festival, which celebrates ____43____ brightest full Moon of the year. When ____44____ (admire) the Moon, people often look for varied things—shapes, animals, and even people. Many ______45______ (west) cultures see a man’s eyes, nose, and mouth in the dark areas of the lunar disk. Some Chinese heritage records a rabbit on the surface. People in old England saw a man carrying a lantern. 【答案】36. have tracked##have been tracking 37. directly 38. marking 39. with 40. faiths 41. whose 42. celebration 43. the 44. admiring 45. western 【解析】 【导语】本文为说明文。文章讲述了月亮在不同文化中的象征意义。 【36题详解】 考查动词时态与主谓一致。句意：几千年来，各种文化都在追踪月亮的周期。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入谓语动词；本句时间状语for tens of thousands of years为时间段，故本句时态可使用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，以突出动作的持续。主语为复数，所以助动词用have。故填have tracked或者have been tracking 【37题详解】 考查副词。句意：事实上，“月”一词直接来源于“月亮”。空格处位于动词之前，修饰动词，direct 虽有副词词性，但意思为“径直，亲自”，意义不符合语境。directly 在句中意为“恰好，正好地”。故填directly。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：月亮周期仍然是地球上宗教和文化的重要组成部分，标志着重要的事件和里程碑。分析句子结构可知，句子中已经有谓语动词，非谓语动词mark与逻辑主语The lunar cycle之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故使用现在分词作状语。故填marking。 【39题详解】 考查介词。句意：世界各地的人们都把它与各种神灵和文化联系在一起。本题考查固定搭配 associate…with....，意为“把……与……联系在一起”。故填with。 【40题详解】 考查名词。句意：月神是不同信仰中的神和女神。faith意为“信仰”，为可数名词。根据设空前修饰词 different 可知此处应使用名词复数形式。故填faiths。 【41题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：中国人崇拜女神嫦娥，她的起源故事是中国现代中秋节庆祝活动的重要组成部分，中秋节庆祝一年中最明亮的满月。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入定语从句的关系词，先行词为Chang’e，关系词在从句中作定语。故填whose。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：中国人崇拜女神嫦娥，她的起源故事是中国现代中秋节庆祝活动的重要组成部分，中秋节庆祝一年中最明亮的满月。设空前的modern-day为形容词，其后应为名词作宾语。celebrate的名词为celebration，意为“庆祝”，不可数。故填celebration。 【43题详解】 考查冠词。句意：中国人崇拜女神嫦娥，她的起源故事是中国现代中秋节庆祝活动的重要组成部分，中秋节庆祝一年中最明亮的满月。根据设空后brightest 一词可知，设空处应填定冠词 the与brightest构成最高级。故填the。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在赏月时，人们常常寻找各种各样的东西——形状、动物，甚至是人。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填入非谓语动词；非谓语动词与句子主语 people为逻辑上的主动关系，故使用现在分词。故填admiring。 【45题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在许多西方文化中，人的眼睛、鼻子和嘴巴都在月盘的黑暗区域。一些中国文物记载表面上有一只兔子。空格处位于名词之前，修饰名词，所以需要填入名词。western为形容词，意为“西方的”。故填western。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter发来邮件，告诉你他所在的学校即将举办中国传统文化展，让你推荐一种你认为最具代表性的东西去参展。请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括： 1.简要介绍推荐的东西； 2.说明推荐理由 注意： 1.写作词数为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Peter, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Peter, In your recent email, you wanted me to recommend a representative thing for the Chinese traditional culture exhibition to be held in your school. Personally, I recommend Peking Opera masks. Peking Opera masks are a great demonstration of Peking Opera facial makeup, which is unique to stage performance of Chinese opera. The colors of Peking Opera facial makeup are based on some special figures. Specific facial makeup is put on the actors’ faces to symbolize the personalities, characteristics and fates of the roles. The facial makeup is not only a symbol of the characters in the play, but a symbol of Chinese traditional culture. Sincerely wish the exhibition a complete success! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。英国笔友Peter发来邮件，告诉考生他所在的学校即将举办中国传统文化展，让考生推荐一种考生认为最具代表性的东西去参展，要求考生按照要求他回一封邮件。 【详解】1.词汇积累 推荐：recommend→ nominate 特别的：special→ particular 独特的：specific→ distinct 命运：fate→ destiny 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：The colors of Peking Opera facial makeup are based on some special figures. 拓展句：It is some special figures that the colors of Peking Opera facial makeup are based on. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Peking Opera masks are a great demonstration of Peking Opera facial makeup, which is unique to stage performance of Chinese opera.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Specific facial makeup is put on the actors’ faces to symbolize the personalities, characteristics and fates of the roles. （运用了不定式to symbolize作目的状语） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The summer finally came. That afternoon, the hot sun was shining brightly, making the tree leaves almost burn and making people’s bodies seem to be on fire. Having nothing interesting to do at home, I decided to go to the pool to enjoy the coolness instead of going swimming. The reason was simple — I still couldn’t swim. I was impatient, and I always failed to do something and suffered losses. So the swimming lesson was put off again and again. Upon arriving at the gym’s pool, I was greeted by a lively scene. Some people just jumped into the water, with hands entering first and the body following in a smooth motion. Some were kicking their legs rhythmically below the surface. All were happy. That was infectious, and I couldn’t help but feel deep admiration. Then I made a decision! Taking a deep breath, I followed their example, closing my eyes and jumping into the “vast water” with a plop (扑通声). At this moment, my head was pointing to the ground and my feet to the sky. When I “plopped” to the bottom, my whole body was swinging hard and my hands and feet lost their ability to feel. I just felt water rushing towards me, and my nose was filled with water. It was very terrible. Suddenly, I was hit by something. I struggled out of the light blue water bit by bit as if being dragged. “That’s horrible!” I shouted 1oudly, and while I was complaining, I suddenly realized that I couldn’t swim in the first place, so why should I be shocked? Just when I decided to stay away from water, someone gently patted my shoulder and said, “Don’t be discouraged, little girl. Look, swimming requires...” The lady introduced herself as Allison. She gave me a “1ecture” on how to hold my breath, how to kick gently, and how to start with floating with the help of a swimming ring, being patient while giving me a demonstration. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “Why not try one more time?” said Allison. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ As the day drew to a close, I still could not swim very well. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Version 1: “Why not try one more time?” said Allison. Her words echoed in my mind, and I found myself nodding in agreement. After all, I had come here with a purpose — to learn how to swim. So why give up now? With renewed determination, I took a deep breath and prepared to give it another go. This time, I focused on her instructions and tried to mimic her movements as closely as possible. Surprisingly, I was able to stay afloat for a few seconds longer than before. Progress, however small, was still progress. As the day drew to a close, I still could not swim very well. But I didn’t feel defeated or discouraged. Instead, I felt a sense of accomplishment and pride. After all, I had taken the first step towards overcoming my fear of water and learning a new skill. And even though I wasn’t quite there yet, I knew that with practice and patience, I would eventually get it. Besides, today had been more than just about learning how to swim. It had also been about finding the courage to face my fears and trying something new. And for that, I was grateful to Allison and the encouragement she had given me. Version 2: “Why not try one more time?” said Allison. She smiled at me encouragingly, her eyes filled with warmth and confidence. “You can do it, girl. I know it seems scary, but with the right techniques and some practice, you’ll be swimming like a fish in no time.” She handed me a swimming ring and gently guided me back to the shallow end of the pool. Together, we began the slow process of teaching me to float and then, eventually, to swim. As the day drew to a close, I still could not swim very well. But I had made progress, and that was what mattered. I could now float comfortably with the help of the swimming ring, and my kicks were becoming more coordinated. Allison praised me for my efforts and told me to keep practicing. She knew that with time and dedication, I would overcome my fears and learn to swim. And so, with a renewed sense of determination, I bid farewell to the pool that day, knowing that my journey to becoming a confident swimmer had just begun. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述作者在这个炎热的夏季我决定去游泳池享受凉爽，被游泳池的热闹景象所感染，决定去学习游泳，当跳进水里的时候作者感到了恐惧，在作者决定放弃的时候，一位叫艾利森的女士鼓励作者不要放弃并教作者如何游泳。 【详解】①由第一段首句内容“‘为什么不再试一次呢?’艾利森说。”可知，本段可描写作者决定继续尝试，按照艾利森所教的方法、模仿她的动作继续学习游泳。 ②由第二段首句内容“当这一天接近尾声时，我仍然不能很好地游泳。”可知，本段可以描写作者尽管没有很好学会游泳，但是感到自豪，因为作者能够鼓起勇气面对恐惧，尝试新事物。 2. 续写线索：决定继续——反复练习——有所进步——并不气馁——收获与感悟——感谢鼓励 3. 词类激活 行为类 ①克服：overcome/get over ②放弃：give up/quit ③面对，正视：face/confront 情绪类 ①感到沮丧、泄气：feel discouraged/feel frustrated ②感激：grateful/thankful 【点睛】【高分句型1】After all, I had taken the first step towards overcoming my fear of water and learning a new skill. (运用了动名词短语作宾语) 【高分句型2】And for that, I was grateful to Allison and the encouragement she had given me. (运用了省略关系代词的限制性定语从句) 1~5 CCAAB 6~10 CBBAC 11~15 ABCCA 16~20 BBACA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 六安一中2024年春学期高二年级期末考试 英语试卷 时间：120分钟 满分：150分 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．How would the woman like her steak today? A．Rare. B．Medium. C．Well-done. 2．What is the relationship between the speakers? A．Teacher and student. B．Librarian and library user. C．Shop assistant and customer. 3．Why does the woman call the man? A．To ask for a favor. B．To say thanks. C．To make a complaint. 4．Where does the conversation take place? A．At the airport. B．On a plane. C．In a taxi. 5．What seems to be the man’s problem? A．He gets bored of reading. B．He is disturbed by the noise. C．He hates the hot weather today. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6，7题 6．What are the two speakers talking about? A．Different countries. B．Travel experiences. C．Historical places. 7．Where does the man come from? A．England. B．India. C．Egypt. 听第7段材料，回答第8，9题。 8．What can a camper do? A．Camp by the lake. B．Ski on a hill. C．Skate on a river. 9．How much does a non-member need to pay in all? A．380 dollars. B．350 dollars. C．320 dollars. 听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。 10．What does Jane have to do on Fridays? A．Practice the guitar. B．Take a grammar class. C．Work at the swimming pool. 11．What does the man think of playing tennis? A．Enjoyable. B．Difficult. C．Boring. 12．What are the two speakers going to learn? A．Singing. B．Doing DIY. C．Playing basketball. 13．On which day can the man attend the guitar class every week? A．Tuesday. B．Wednesday. C．Thursday. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14．Why does Kevin come here? A．To apply for a job. B．To conduct a survey. C．To give an interview. 15．What is Kevin’s duty? A．Saving sea animals. B．Reducing ocean pollution C．Spreading knowledge of the ocean. 16．What caused trouble for the turtle? A．Oil. B．A bottle. C．A cloth. 17．When did Kevin set his life goal? A．When he was twelve. B．When he was in high school. C．When he was at university. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18．What does the speaker tell us first? A．The serious problems caused by lack of vitamin A. B．The number of children who are lacking in vitamin A. C．The effort that the team made in developing the superbanana. 19．Who are the creators of the superbanana? A．An Australian scientist. B．A team of African scientists. C．Scientists from Africa and Australia. 20．How does the speaker sound when speaking of the superbanana’s future? A．Hopeful. B．Disappointed. C．Doubtful. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。 A The Talk: “The Evolution of Morality” Professor Stephen Stich’s Talk on “The Evolution of Morality” The Department of Philosophy, the Institute of Foreign Philosophy, and the Center for the Studies of Analytic Philosophy at Peking University invite Professor Stephen Stich (Rutgers University, USA) to visit Peking University on March 29th, 2024. Professor Stephen Stich kindly accepts the invitation and will deliver a talk on the evolution of morality from 10:00 to 12:00 on March 29th, 2024 in Room 109 of the No. 3 Yard of Lee Shau Kee Humanities Buildings. The Abstract for the Talk: The theory of moral psychology proposed by Sripada & Stich, and many other theories in which social learning plays a major role, suggests that people will often internalize standards that reduce their own biological fitness. It might be thought that no such psychological mechanism could possibly evolve. But that would be a mistake. In this talk, I’ll explain why it was all but unavoidable that natural selection would lead to moral psychology in our species, once we had acquired the ability to learn from one another. The account I’ll offer explains why many moral regulations improve cooperative or pro-social behavior. It also explains why many human regulations lead to ethnic hatred and morally unacceptable behavior. If the account is correct, these standards will be very difficult to overturn, and powerful cultural differences in standards are likely to be widespread. * Chandra Sripada & Stephen Stich, “A Framework for the Psychology of Norms,” in P. Carruthers, S. Laurence & S. Stich, eds., The Innate Mind: Culture and Cognition. (New York: Oxford University Press), 2006. pp. 280-301. 1. What will happen at Peking University according to the text? A. Lee Shau Kee will give lectures. B. A foreign expert will visit. C. An international conference will be held. D. Sripada and Stich will conduct a book fare. 2. Whom does “I” in the text refer to? A. S. Laurence B. P. Carruthers C. Stephen Stich D. Chandra Sripada 3. What is the text? A. A book review B. A research abstract C. A sales advertisement D. An academic notice B Niu Rong, better known as Red Panda, has become a significant presence at NBA halftime shows across the US. Niu is a fourth-generation acrobat (杂技演员) and grew up in Taiyuan, China. She started learning from her parents at age 7. Niu joined the famed Shanghai Acrobatic Troupe as a teenager. She traveled the world and gained valuable experience performing her routine regularly. She knew that the US was where she needed to be, despite the fact that she then spoke only limited English. So she reached out to a contact who worked for Walt Disney World and asked if she could perform at the World Showcase at Epcot Center. When she was 19, Niu made the move to Orlando, Florida. With Disney’s blessing, she spent her downtime performing in restaurants, schools and various businesses in the area. After about a year and a half, she decided to move to San Francisco, mostly because of the city’s large Chinese population. Without a full-time job for the first time in her life as a performer, Niu began sending out audition tapes to whomever she thought might be interested. She had been pitching her acrobat audition video to NBA teams for a halftime show for nearly two years without hearing a word of interest. She was working relentlessly at the time, feeling like she performed at every school and corporate events possible. Finally, on Thanksgiving Day in 1993, she received a call from the Los Angeles Clippers. Their scheduled halftime act for the game that night had to cancel, and the team was wondering if she could fill in. She jumped at the chance and hopped on the next flight from her home in San Francisco to Los Angeles. While Niu was anxious about her first real opportunity and took the court with butterflies in her stomach, she was stunned to finish her routine to a standing ovation. It didn’t take long for the Los Angeles Clippers to book her again. Today, Niu is one of the most popular performers in NBA and college basketball ranks. 4 What does the underlined “downtime” in the second paragraph most probably mean? A. Boring time. B. Hard time. C. Busy time. D. Spare time. 5. What’s the right order of Niu Rong’s life? a．Niu gave the performances in Walt Disney World. b．Niu participated in the famed Shanghai Acrobatic Troupe. c．Niu received a call to give a performance in NBA. d．Niu was signed to perform by the Los Angeles Clippers. A. abcd B. bacd C. acbd D. badc 6. What can’t be inferred from the passage? A. Niu’s family was an acrobatic family. B. Niu is a positive and experienced acrobat. C. Niu was attracted by the prosperity of San Francisco. D. Niu won the opportunity by sending out audition tapes. 7. According to the passage, what kind of person is Niu Rong? A. Determined and inspiring. B. Confident and selfless. C. Strict and professional. D. Responsible and caring. C Nobody likes to feel negative emotions: Anger, jealousy and regret can all be overwhelming. In fact, we dislike feeling negative emotions so much that some of us will do anything to avoid them, from adopting a sense of denial to turning to food or work as a distraction. Deep down we know that we can’t be joyful all the time, so why do we have such a problem with the less-than-favorable feelings? It’s natural for people to avoid or suppress negative emotions. We are biologically programmed above all else to survive, to keep ourselves safe; therefore, anything that our brain perceives as something out of our comfort zone, something that might harm us in any way is usually avoided. This is the default in-built programming we have inherited from our ancestors. However, when we do, things don’t always work out well for us. “When we bury our emotions, they inevitably end up reappearing elsewhere further down the line,” says Dr. Elena Touroni, a consultant psychologist of The Chelsea Psychology Clinic. “Burying them in this way can cause a whole host of different issues and symptoms such as headaches and anxiety.” Not only can burying our less-desirable emotions impact our well-being but it also prevents us from enjoying the well-being rewards coming along with these emotions. Actually, it’s a sign of emotional well-being to be able to acknowledge and stay with the uncomfortable feelings instead of pushing them away or denying them. Negative emotions can be wonderful signposts if we pay attention to them. For example, a feeling of dread, uncertainty or fear in any working environment might be a great sign that you need to start to consider changing that environment. Our emotions are a big part of being human and they serve an important function—even the difficult ones. As Elena says: “Without negative emotions, we would struggle to know our boundaries, how to keep ourselves safe, what hurts us or makes us happy. They can guide us toward making decisions that serve us in the long term.” 8. What is Paragraph 2 of the text mainly about? A. The features of negative emotions. B. The definition of negative emotions. C. The causes of avoiding negative emotions. D. The methods of avoiding negative emotions. 9. What does Dr. Elena Touroni suggest? A. Keeping a positive attitude. B. Ignoring the negative emotion. C. Taking care of the physical condition. D. Acknowledging the uncomfortable feelings. 10. Why is the working environment mentioned in Paragraph 4? A. To explain function of negative emotions. B. To stress the benefits of negative emotions. C. To prove the powerful influence of negative emotions. D. To remind that negative emotions can change your job. 11. What can be the best title for the passage? A. The Good Side of Negative Emotions B. The Reasons for Negativity C. The Influence of Negative Emotions D. The Ways to Embrace Negative Emotions D The hottest table reservation is now outdoors. From Instagram-worthy settings in city parks to car boots pulling out fancy tablecloths, cushions and flatware, picnics are no longer the domain of simple sandwiches ready-made meals. They’re catered events. Picnics have caught the imagination of Generation Z, who, according to Pinterest, are now often choosing picnic over restaurants and movie nights. Today’s picnics may focus on clean living and fresh air, but the word “picnic” has far more raucous (吵闹的) beginnings. The word pique-nique first appeared in a 17th-century French poem that featured a character called Pique-Nique. Among French aristocracy, the term came to mean a dinner where everyone brought food and drink to share. With industrialization and the growth of cities in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, an escape to the country became fashionable, and the picnic moved outside. Picnics were no longer about indoor parties, but healthy living. In the 1830s, city-dwelling Americans started to copy Europeans, throwing down their picnic rugs in parks to embrace the countryside vibe. The modern picnic, laying a blanket down on the ground and toting your food in a cooler, came in the late 1950s and 1960s with car tourism. Many countries have long used a picnic to mark an occasion, such as the Japanese tradition of picnicking under flowering trees during the centuries-old cherry blossom festivals, or the Finnish herring picnic on May Day. Now, some new companies want to spread the idea of a picnic as a special event. What unites all picnics throughout the years is the element of delight and the sense that no matter what you eat, serve or do, you can never go wrong. Even if you’ve forgotten the corkscrew or the salad dressing, or it starts to rain, this only serves to increase the fun than diminish it. 12. What do Generation Z think of picnic according to paragraph 1? A. They should make sandwiches for their picnics. B. They can get picnic ideas from their imagination. C. They prefer picnics to restaurants and movie nights. D. They can swim and enjoy flowers during picnic time. 13. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A. What picnics were about in the history. B. What people focus on today in picnics. C. Why the picnic moved outside later. D. How going on a picnic became popular. 14. Which of the following statement is wrong according to the passage? A. Pique-Nique was a character in a 17th century French poem. B. Picnics were originally indoor parties for French aristocracy. C. Europeans copied Americans and went for a picnic in the countryside. D. People in the late 1950s toted food in a cooler when going for a picnic. 15. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs? A Japanese people have a longer tradition of going for a picnic than Finnish people. B. Picnics can bring people joy and have no standard about what they eat and do. C. People should go on a picnic during rainy days in order to have more pleasure. D. Many companies promote the idea of going on picnics so as to make more money. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下列短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Language Learner Habits to Avoid Successful language learners do the kind of things the unsuccessful ones don’t and avoid the ones that unsuccessful ones do! This article is about language learning habits that successful learners avoid. Always being distracted. Being distracted by noises, people walking past or your own thoughts will take you away from being present. Presence is of fundamental importance in learning.______16______ Study can’t make up for a lack of presence — nothing can. Only talking the talk. There is little point in making plans or talking about what you are going to do if you do not follow through. ______17______ You need to walk the talk. If you are only talking the talk, maybe it has to do with one of the other habits mentioned below! ______18______ We can all get lazy if we are doing things that are not inspiring us. Who gets lazy when they are courting a partner? Who gets lazy with things they love doing? Laziness is a sign that something has to change. Forcing yourself to persist will only last for so long, before it gives way to more laziness. Giving up. “The most certain way to succeed,” Thomas Edison once said, “is always to try just one more time.” _______19_______ And often, it comes after first failing time and time again. If you are doing any of these, my suggestion is to look more carefully and see if you can move away from these practices. _______20_______ A. Giving in to laziness. B. Learning to get rid of laziness. C. In a sense, we do learn by trial and error. D. Once you do, you will be heading in a better direction. E. Success, however you define it, never comes from not trying. F. Action is what will produce results, not just words or thoughts. G. Without that, you cannot notice the things that can help you to improve. 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Explorer Lucy Shepherd and her team completed a 253-mile walk across the Amazon’s Kanuku Mountains in 50 days. She said she ____21____ deadly snakes and groups of wasps (黄蜂) and had to climb a tree to ___22___ a herd of wild boars (野猪). “I’m exhausted but excited,” she said. Ms. Shepherd ____23____ the challenge in the hope of highlighting the ongoing deforestation of the Amazon and the ____24____ to protect wildlife areas. For 17 days of the mission the group travelled without seeing ____25____, due to the density of the jungle’s covering. Once they were left holding their backpacks to stay afloat as their boat ___26___ in the strong rapids of the river. Ms. Shepherd said she did not have accurate maps to ____27____. “It was a ____28____ but unbelievably rewarding journey and to see what we’ve _____29_____ together as a team is just ____30____,” she said. “To know I have witnessed the ___31___ of one of the last remaining unexplored wildernesses on earth is the _____32_____ that will stay with me forever.” “The Kanuku Mountains are ____33____ growing pressures from unsustainable wildlife hunting and trapping, logging and mining, as well as forest clearing for agricultural expansion, which all ____34____ this unique ecosystem,” she said. Ms. Shepherd’s next journey is to ____35____ the Arctic next year. 21. A. found B. met C. ate D. caught 22. A. trick B. shoot C. escape D. hunt 23. A. took on B. gave up C. thought about D. fought for 24. A. need B. ability C. potential D. freedom 25. A. clouds B. rocks C. sunlight D. water 26. A. came in B. broke down C. set off D. turned over 27. A. read B. follow C. watch D. guide 28. A. smooth B. dangerous C. pleasant D. favorable 29. A. received B. prepared C. achieved D. expected 30. A. incredible B. imaginable C. possible D. reliable 31. A. destruction B. development C. change D. beauty 32. A. shame B. reward C. regret D. fear 33. A. facing B. reducing C. surviving D. resisting 34 A. improve B. protect C. support D. threaten 35. A. occupy B. defend C. explore D. locate 第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下列短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China’s Chang’e missions and NASA’s Apollo missions reflect humanity’s long obsession with Earth’s satellite. Cultures _____36_____ (track) the lunar cycle for tens of thousands of years. In fact, the term “month” originates _____37_____ (direct) from “Moon”. The lunar cycle remains an essential part of religions and cultures across Earth, ____38____ (mark) important events and milestones. Of course, the Moon’s importance in the night sky has influenced humanity for millennia. People all over the world associate it _____39_____ various deities (神明) and cultures. Moon deities are both gods and goddesses in different _____40_____ (faith). Some of the best known were female, like Selene, worshipped by the ancient Greeks. The Chinese admired the goddess Chang’e, ____41____ origin story is a key part of China’s modern-day _____42_____ (celebrate) of the Mid-Autumn Festival, which celebrates ____43____ brightest full Moon of the year. When ____44____ (admire) the Moon, people often look for varied things—shapes, animals, and even people. Many ______45______ (west) cultures see a man’s eyes, nose, and mouth in the dark areas of the lunar disk. Some Chinese heritage records a rabbit on the surface. People in old England saw a man carrying a lantern. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter发来邮件，告诉你他所在的学校即将举办中国传统文化展，让你推荐一种你认为最具代表性的东西去参展。请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括： 1.简要介绍推荐的东西； 2.说明推荐理由。 注意： 1.写作词数为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Peter, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The summer finally came. That afternoon, the hot sun was shining brightly, making the tree leaves almost burn and making people’s bodies seem to be on fire. Having nothing interesting to do at home, I decided to go to the pool to enjoy the coolness instead of going swimming. The reason was simple — I still couldn’t swim. I was impatient, and I always failed to do something and suffered losses. So the swimming lesson was put off again and again. Upon arriving at the gym’s pool, I was greeted by a lively scene. Some people just jumped into the water, with hands entering first and the body following in a smooth motion. Some were kicking their legs rhythmically below the surface. All were happy. That was infectious, and I couldn’t help but feel deep admiration. Then I made a decision! Taking a deep breath, I followed their example, closing my eyes and jumping into the “vast water” with a plop (扑通声). At this moment, my head was pointing to the ground and my feet to the sky. When I “plopped” to the bottom, my whole body was swinging hard and my hands and feet lost their ability to feel. I just felt water rushing towards me, and my nose was filled with water. It was very terrible. Suddenly, I was hit by something. I struggled out of the light blue water bit by bit as if being dragged. “That’s horrible!” I shouted 1oudly, and while I was complaining, I suddenly realized that I couldn’t swim in the first place, so why should I be shocked? Just when I decided to stay away from water, someone gently patted my shoulder and said, “Don’t be discouraged, little girl. Look, swimming requires...” The lady introduced herself as Allison. She gave me a “1ecture” on how to hold my breath, how to kick gently, and how to start with floating with the help of a swimming ring, being patient while giving me a demonstration. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 “Why not try one more time?” said Allison. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ As the day drew to a close, I still could not swim very well. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1~5 CCAAB 6~10 CBBAC 11~15 ABCCA 16~20 BBACA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$