精品解析：上海市奉贤区多校2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试卷

2023学年第二学期高二年级英语期中考试试卷 Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Fresh. B. Salty. C. Tender. D. Dry. 2. A. A luxurious tie. B. A set of classic works. C. A red scarf. D. A wallet. 3. A. In a barbershop. B. In the cinema. C. In the mall. D. In the library. 4. A. The boy stayed up all night. B. The boy came home too early. C. The boy is forgiven. D. The boy didn’t go home at night. 5. A. She will accompany the man who asks questions. B. She also doesn’t know the meaning of the term. C. She sympathized with the man very much. D. She is well aware of the meaning of the newly coined term. 6. A. She needs to hurry. B. The alarm clock didn’t ring. C. She broke the alarm clock. D. She is late for school. 7. A. $10,000. B. ¥11,000. C. ¥12,000. D. $11,000 8. A. He couldn’t offer help because of his foot injury. B. He can’t stand the noise of these boxes moving. C. He can’t stand the woman carrying these boxes. D. He doesn’t want to carry the box down from the fifth floor. 9. A. He is just an ordinary man, not a hero. B. He wants the woman to publicize his deeds. C. He has already finished financial aid for students. D. He wants the woman to keep it a secret. 10 A. The woman likes to take a shower before going to bed. B. The man can’t have a shower before going to bed. C. Hot water is supplied in the hotel until 10 p. m. in winter. D. The hotel still supplies hot water after 10 p. m. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and a longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. Have a professional energy checkup. B. Update all the household appliances. C. Make a do-it-yourself home energy checkup. D. Find the leaks on the outside of your home. 12. A. Because it can help you save energy in a house. B. Because it can help you decide where should be upgraded first. C. Because it can help you remember where you have inspected. D. Because it can help you reduce the air leaks. 13. A. How to choose a professional energy checkup. B. How to conduct the home energy checkup. C. How to make a list of obvious air leaks. D. How to save energy in your home. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. To make people remember him. B. To show his excellent talent. C. To remember the moments in university. D. To recall his childhood. 15. A. It used some advanced narrative skills. B. It is easy to understand the deep meaning. C. It has a kind of bell ringing quality. D. It is suitable to recite aloud with expression. 16. A. He likes to compose poems at quiet corners. B. He graduated from Harvard University in 1995. C. He wrote only two poems in his life. D. He had a good time at Harvard. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. His office is richly decorated. B. He has used this office for a week. C. His office is very modern. D. His office space is spacious enough. 18. A. To record his trip next week. B. To communicate with overseas scholars. C. To collect cost-effective web cameras. D. To record the contents of the report file. 19. A. A chair that rises up and down and has arms. B. A modern simple chair. C. A folded chair without a handle. D. A second-hand solid wood chair. 20. A. How to choose a web camera. B. How to prepare for an online meeting report. C. How to improve Professor White’s office. D. How to decorate Professor White’s Office. Ⅱ. Grammar and vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Swimming way to success What does it take to graduate from a university? Many ____1____ say all you have to do is take classes and pass the exams. Well, it requires more than it if you’re a student at Tsinghua University. Starting this September, freshmen at the university will have to take swimming courses. If they fail a swimming test at the beginning of their university course, they won’t receive their degree ____2____ they can pass the test successfully, according to Tsinghua University president Qiu Yong. Exceptions will be allowed for students with certain physical or mental conditions, if ____3____(prove) by medical staff. Liu Bo, head of the Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, explained ____4____ the university is linking swimming ability with degrees. As a requisite (必要的) survival skill, swimming is beneficial for students in the long run, since swimming is helpful in improving students’ endurance and is ____5____(harmful) to joints (关节) and muscles as a water sport, he told China Daily. Viewing the ability ____6____(swim) as a must for students is not something new to this university — it was also a requirement in the early 20th century. It was later dropped ____7____ a rising number of students and a lack of facilities. Besides Tsinghua University, Peking University has also listed swimming as a compulsory course for students. However, the announcement has caused a heated debate. Some welcomed the new rule, saying it’s a necessary skill that can save lives. “Swimming is a fundamental skill. It’s a way to stay healthy and is lifesaving in emergency situations. I believe making ____8____mandatory (强制的) is necessary,” Yuan Jiaxiang, a junior in Tsinghua’s Department of Civil Engineering, told China Daily. However, some said it has nothing to do with getting a degree. “It’s not reasonable to require people to be able to swim for them to graduate,” Zheng Xiaoyu, a high school student from the Middle School Affiliated to Northern Jiaotong University, told China Daily. In fact, Chinese universities are not the only education organizations ____9____ encourage their students to swim. A few colleges in the United States — including Cornell, Columbia and MIT-offer swim classes to students. “Anything _____10_____(prevent) people from dying needlessly is a valuable skill.” Fred DeBruyn, director of aquatics (水上运动) at Cornell, told The New York Times. Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. abandon B. appealing C. matter D. foresighted E. manner F. maintain G. declining H. costs I. rushing J. aggressive K. transition In this world of rapid changes, everything seems to be possible. There will eventually come a day when the New York Times stops publishing stories on paper. Exactly when that day will be is a ____11____ of debate. “Sometime in the future,” the paper’s publisher said back in 2010. Although people are nostalgia (怀旧) for ink on paper, there are plenty of reasons to ____12____ print. The basic facilities required to make a physical newspaper, including printing presses and delivery trucks, is very expensive. Readers are keeping away from print anyway. And though print advertisement sales still overtake online and mobile counterparts, income from print is still ____13____. Cost may be high and circulation lower, but ____14____ to eliminate its print edition would be a mistake, says BuzzFeed CEO Jonah Petretti. Petretti says the Times shouldn’t waste time giving up the print business, but only if they go about doing it the right way. “Figuring out a way to speed up ____15____ makes sense for them,” he said. Petretti gives the example of Netflix discounting its DVD-mailing service to focus on streaming (流媒体). “It was once seen as a(n) mistake.” he said. But the move turned out to be ____16____. “If I were in charge at the Times, I wouldn’t pick a year to end print,” Petretti said, “I would raise prices and make it into more of a legacy product, which has some advantage over a modern product, making it ____17____ for customers to keep it around.” As a matter of fact, the most loyal customers would still get the product they favor. The idea goes, and they’d feel like that they were helping ____18____ the quality of something they believe in. In other words, if you’re going to print product, make it for the people who are already obsessed with it, which may be what the Times is doing already. Getting the print edition seven days a week ____19____ nearly $500 a year — more than twice as much as a digital-only subscription. “It’s a really hard thing to do and it’s a tremendous luxury that BuzzFeed doesn’t have a legacy business,” Petretti remarked. “But we’re going to have questions like that. We’re doing things that don’t make sense when the market changes and so does the world. In those situations, it’s better to be more _____20_____. Otherwise, we can’t survive the fierce competition. Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. AI, or deep learning, takes in massive amounts of data from a single field and automatically learns from the data to make specific decisions within that field. It can automatically optimize (优化) human-given goals with ____21____ memory and superhuman accuracy. The potential applications for AI are extremely exciting, but the rise of AI also brings many ____22____. It’s worth taking time to sort between the genuine risks of this coming technological revolution and the ____23____ that sometimes surround the topic. First, let’s talk about job displacement. Because AI can ____24____ humans at routine tasks, it is technically capable of displacing hundreds of millions of white and blue collar jobs in the next 15 years or so. But not every job will be replaced by AI. ____25____, four types of jobs are not at risk at all. First there are creative jobs. AI needs to be given a ____26____ to optimize. It cannot ____27____ as scientists, novelists and artists can. Second, the complex, strategic jobs go well beyond the AI ____28____ of single domain and Big Data. Then there are the as-yet-unknown jobs that will be created by AI. Are you worried that these three types of jobs won’t employ as many people as AI will replace? Not to worry, as the fourth type is much ____29____: empathetic and compassionate jobs, such as teachers, nannies and doctors, which AI is not capable of. So there will still be jobs in the age of AI. As well as job displacement. AI has the potential to ____30____ inequality-both between the super wealthy and the displaced workers and also among countries. Poorer and smaller countries will be unable to gain the economic rewards that will come with AI and less well placed to ____31____ job displacement. The technology also poses serious challenges in terms of ____32____. The consequences of hacking into AI-controlled systems could be severe. Finally, there are the issues of privacy, worsened prejudices and manipulation (操纵). Sadly, we’ve already seen ____33____ on this front. Facebook couldn’t resist the temptation to use AI technology to optimize usage and profit, at the expense of user privacy and increasing prejudices and division. All of these risks require governments, businesses and technologists to ____34____ develop a new rule book for AI applications. And rather than compare against one another countries must share best practices and work together to ensure this technology is used for the ____35____ of all. 21. A. deep B. specific C. unlimited D. optimistic 22. A. praises B. possibilities C. decisions D. challenges 23. A. misunderstandings B. underestimates C. consequences D. arguments 24. A. enrich B. outperform C. reject D. enroll 25. A. In fact B. By comparison C. In addition D. As a result 26. A. job B. goal C. risk D. title 27. A. research B. learn C. serve D. invent 28. A. automation B. displacement C. limitation D. complication 29. A. easier B. larger C. smarter D. quicker 30 A. maintain B. remove C. reveal D. conceal 31. A. destabilize B. enhance C. relieve D. preserve 32. A. security B. control C. severity D. advancement 33. A. prejudices B. limitations C. temptations D. failures 34. A. hold on B. work together C. take off D. back up 35. A. competition B. application C. rules D. good Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) During recent years legends have grown up among people who live near the park, legends of life among the treetops. One story was of a young, handsome man who had been spotted from time to time among the branches. This rumour about a modern Tarzan (人猿泰山) turned out to be true. The young man had been living in the treetops for eight years until discovered by the city authorities. It is a touching tale. Bob Redman, brought up by his mother in a tiny Manhattan apartment, had always been addicted to trees. When he was 14, he went into the park and built himself a tree house. It was the first of 13 houses, each one more elaborate than the last. “I like to be in trees,” Redman explained to a reporter from the New York Times. “I like to be up, away from everything. I enjoy staying alone.” Redman went to great pains to hide his tree houses, building them in neglected corners of the park and camouflaging them with branches and green paint. Friends used to come to visit him, sometimes as many as 12 people at a time, bringing sandwiches and radios and books and torches. The park authorities quickly became aware of his activities. However, the houses were often not detected for long periods of time. Some lasted as long as a whole year before they were found and destroyed by officials, with a mournful Bob Redman watching from a distance. His magnificent final house went unnoticed for four months before Bob was awoken one morning with the words: “Come down! The party’s over!” Rather than being thrown into jail, Redman was offered a job. He is now a professional gardener and tree climber for the Central Park. However, he has had to promise not to build any more tree houses. He says he cannot believe that a job so perfect for him could possibly exist. In our busy, competitive world, I suppose it is comforting to know that a man like Bob Redman exists. 36. Which of the following statements about Bob Redman is TRUE? A. He built 14 tree houses altogether. B. He rented his final house to some friends. C He was raised amid trees in the countryside. D. He gave an interview to the New York Times. 37. The bold word “camouflaging” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to________. A. decorating B. hiding C. equipping D. integrating 38. The underlined sentence in paragraph 5 suggests that________. A. parties should not be held overnight B. parties are not allowed in the Central Park C. no more tree houses should exist in the Central Park D. the owner of the tree house should get down to work 39. Which might be the best title of the passage? A. Tarzan of the Central Park B. Locked Up or Breaking Free C. A Special Job Hunter in New York D. Tree Houses — the Ultimate Habitat (B) The National Storytelling Youth Olympics is an event where thousands of kids from grades 6 to 12 compete against each other by telling stories. It is sponsored by the Master’s Degree Program in Reading and Storytelling at East Tennessee State University. The sole purpose of this event is to promote and encourage both the art and science of storytelling among middle school and high school students. Although this event is competitive, its underlying intent and goal is to provide students across the nation with a reason to practice numerous noncompetitive skills. Those skills include skillful sportsmanship , responsible behavior, and an attitude of respect for others and the storytelling genre. The eventual goal of the National Storytelling Youth Olympics is to encourage every classroom in America to discover (or rediscover) the beauty of storytelling and story performance. The National Storytelling Youth Olympics takes place usually around the first weekend in March. Students from all over the country arrive by bus, plane, or automobile in Johnson City, Tennessee. They usually arrive on Thursday or Friday. Those that arrive on Thursday take advantage of their early arrival by telling stories at local schools. On Friday, an evening meal is prepared for all contestants, coaches, and parents. Games are played, stories are told, and lifetime friendships begin. Saturday is the day of the big event. A luncheon(午餐会) is held in the afternoon so contestants can familiarize themselves with the surroundings and do a sound check. The event is divided into three categories separated by grades. Contestants are judged not only by their storytelling performance, but also by the attitude and behavior they display during the entire weekend. A winner is picked from each of the three categories; however, there is an overall winner who is granted the name of Grand Torch Bearer. This person is selected not only by the judges, but also by the contestants. After the winners have been announced, the contestants retreat back to their hotel where a celebratory ice cream party is held; and believe it or not, they tell more stories! This is what the National Storytelling Youth Olympics is all about: developing a love for the art of storytelling. 40. Which of the following sets of words best describes the Grand Torch Bearer? A. competitive, ambitious, talented B. respectful, responsible, skilled C. athletic, determined, creative D. imaginative, individualistic, pessimistic 41. Why would someone MOST LIKELY choose to attend the National Storytelling Youth Olympics? A. To refine storytelling skills while meeting new friends. B. To compete fiercely with the best storytellers in the country. C. To earn money and fame. D. To develop one’s personal skill in lecture only. 42. When is dinner prepared for all contestants, coaches, and parents? A. Wednesday. B. Friday. C. Thursday. D. Saturday. (C) Who is a genius? This question has greatly interested humankind for centuries. Let’s state clearly: Einstein was a genius. His face is almost the international symbol for genius. But we want to go beyond one man and explore the nature of genius itself. Why is it that some people are so much more intelligent or creative than the rest of us? And who are they? In the sciences and arts, those praised as geniuses were most often white men, of European origin. Perhaps this is not a surprise. It’s said that history is written by the victors, and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club. When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club—women, or people of a different color or belief—they were unacknowledged and rejected by others. A study recently published by Science found that as young as age six, girls are less likely than boys to say that members of their gender(性别)are “really, really smart.” Even worse, the study found that girls act on that belief: Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are “really, really smart.” Can our planet afford to have any great thinkers become discouraged and give up? It doesn’t take a genius to know the answer: absolutely not. Here’s the good news. In a wired world with constant global communication, we’re all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear. And the more we look, the more we will see that social factors(因素)like gender, race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius. As a writer says, future geniuses come from those with “intelligence, creativity, perseverance(毅力), and simple good fortune, who are able to change the world.” 43. What does the author think of victors’ standards for joining the genius club? A. They’re unfair. B. They’re conservative. C. They’re objective. D. They’re strict. 44. What can we infer about girls from the study in Science? A. They think themselves smart. B. They look up to great thinkers. C. They see gender differences earlier than boys. D. They are likely to be influenced by social beliefs 45. Why are more geniuses known to the public? A. Improved global communication. B. Less discrimination against women. C. Acceptance of victors’ concepts. D. Changes in people’s social positions. 46. What is the best title for the text? A. Geniuses Think Alike B. Genius Takes Many Forms C. Genius and Intelligence D. Genius and Luck Section C Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Pythagoras Pythagoras is often described as a very important mathematician, yet we know little about his achievements. Many Greek mathematicians wrote books about their work, but we have nothing written by Pythagoras. ____47____ It was a secret society and today Pythagoras is still a mysterious figure. We are not sure if the information we have about him is fact or legend. We believe that Pythagoras was born on the Greek island of Samos: He was well educated. He learned music and poetry and had three philosophers to teach him. Two of these philosophers, Thales and Anaximander, introduced him to mathematics. Thales advised Pythagoras to travel to Egypt to learn more about mathematics and astronomy. So, in 535 BC, Pythagoras travelled to Egypt, where he visited many temples and took part in discussions with priests (神父). ____48____ For example, the Egyptian priests refused to eat beans and wear animal skins, as did Pythagoras later in his life. In 525 BC, the King of Persla invaded Egypt. ____49____ We do not know when Pythagoras was set free, but we know that in 520 BC he left Babylon and returned to Samon, his birthplace. In Samos he founded a school which was called The Semicle. It seems that the people of Samos did not appreciate the teaching methods of Pythagoras and they treated him rudely and improperly. Furthermore, the Samians wanted to involve Pythagoras in local politics against his will. ____50____ And it was there that he founded a religious and philosophical society. This society contributed a great deal to the understanding of mathematics. Pythagoras believed that numbers rule the universe and that numbers are present in all things. He also connected mathematics to music and recognized the healing power of music. He used it as a kind of therapy to help those who were ill. Another of his beliefs was that there are three types of men: those who love wisdom, those who love honor and those who love gain. A. For these reasons he went to Italy. B. Pythagoras was taken prisoner and was transported to Babylon. C. It was in Egypt that he reached perfection in mathematics. D. Many of the customs he learnt in Egypt he came to adopt. E. Both men and women were allowed to be members of the society. F. What we do know is that he was the leader of a society which was half scientific and half religious. Summary 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words asfar as possible. How to Be a Successful Team Leader? Every well-organized team needs to have an outstanding leader with specific skills. Sometimes the leader’s abilities can come to affect the whole team. Although we students are still young, it’s never too early to cultivate leadership skills. A team consists of both leaders and followers. Neither side can exist and work effectively without the other. What is essential to the role of leader is the ability to unite the whole team. A great leader enables their team to achieve a common goal through the giving of clear directions and support. Meanwhile, everyone on a team also desires personal success, so a balance can be hard to strike. If a leader doesn’t have fierce determination, the followers will lose their confidence and things will not be done well. What’s more, a successful and charming leader ought to be able to handle interpersonal relationships well. They should be honest, fair, objective and impartial (公正的) when it comes to both rewards and punishments. These kinds of leaders are trustworthy, and thus, the working atmosphere will only come to be improved. They are role models who can have a strong influence on the whole team. To become a powerful leader at school, students have to take the initiative in connecting with their fellow students. Good communication skills allow people to build good relationships, which is an essential part of being a good leader. If you find it hard to express your ideas clearly to those who you collaborate with, it may be rather difficult for you to be a good leader. It’s a well-known fact that, whatever field you wish to work in, leadership skills are necessary for anyone who desires to have a successful career. So it’s never too early to train yourselves as promising future leaders. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Ⅴ. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 评定他表现时，不必考虑他的家庭背景。(judge)(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 53. 在毕业仪式上，她向帮助过她的人表达了感激之情。(gratitude) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 54. 这个项目仍处于初级阶段，实现它的唯一关键在于及时取得财政支援。(matter) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 55. 看到那么多年轻人自愿学舞龙，这位老艺人如释重负，感觉这门古老的技艺后继有人了。(relieve) (汉译英) Ⅵ. Guided Writing 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 自17世纪以来，现代英语在英国和美国的广泛影响下在世界各地传播。英语已成为国际主导语言之一，在许多地区（region）和专业（major）的环境下的语言也有主导地位，例如科学（science）、导航（navigation）和法律（law）。因此中国也非常重视英语教育：但很多青少年认为我们不应该学习外国语言，对此你怎么看？请以Should we learn English?为题目写一篇议论文。要求如下： 1.表明立场； 2.阐述理由 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Listening Comprehension1-5 CBACB 6-10 ABADB 11-13 CBB 14-16 CCD 17-20 DBAC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023学年第二学期高二年级英语期中考试试卷 Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Fresh. B. Salty. C. Tender. D. Dry. 2. A. A luxurious tie. B. A set of classic works. C. A red scarf. D. A wallet. 3. A. In a barbershop. B. In the cinema. C. In the mall. D. In the library. 4. A. The boy stayed up all night. B. The boy came home too early. C. The boy is forgiven. D. The boy didn’t go home at night. 5. A. She will accompany the man who asks questions. B. She also doesn’t know the meaning of the term. C. She sympathized with the man very much. D. She is well aware of the meaning of the newly coined term. 6. A. She needs to hurry. B. The alarm clock didn’t ring. C. She broke the alarm clock. D. She is late for school. 7. A. $10,000. B. ¥11,000. C. ¥12,000. D. $11,000 8. A. He couldn’t offer help because of his foot injury. B. He can’t stand the noise of these boxes moving. C. He can’t stand the woman carrying these boxes. D. He doesn’t want to carry the box down from the fifth floor. 9. A. He is just an ordinary man, not a hero. B. He wants the woman to publicize his deeds. C. He has already finished financial aid for students. D. He wants the woman to keep it a secret. 10. A. The woman likes to take a shower before going to bed. B. The man can’t have a shower before going to bed. C. Hot water is supplied in the hotel until 10 p. m. in winter. D. The hotel still supplies hot water after 10 p. m. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and a longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. Have a professional energy checkup. B. Update all the household appliances. C. Make a do-it-yourself home energy checkup. D. Find the leaks on the outside of your home. 12. A. Because it can help you save energy in a house. B. Because it can help you decide where should be upgraded first. C. Because it can help you remember where you have inspected. D. Because it can help you reduce the air leaks. 13. A. How to choose a professional energy checkup. B. How to conduct the home energy checkup. C. How to make a list of obvious air leaks. D. How to save energy in your home. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. To make people remember him. B. To show his excellent talent. C. To remember the moments in university. D. To recall his childhood. 15. A. It used some advanced narrative skills. B. It is easy to understand the deep meaning. C. It has a kind of bell ringing quality. D. It is suitable to recite aloud with expression. 16. A. He likes to compose poems at quiet corners. B. He graduated from Harvard University in 1995. C. He wrote only two poems in his life. D. He had a good time at Harvard. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. His office is richly decorated. B. He has used this office for a week. C. His office is very modern. D. His office space is spacious enough. 18. A. To record his trip next week. B. To communicate with overseas scholars. C. To collect cost-effective web cameras. D. To record the contents of the report file. 19. A. A chair that rises up and down and has arms. B. A modern simple chair. C. A folded chair without a handle. D. A second-hand solid wood chair. 20. A. How to choose a web camera. B. How to prepare for an online meeting report. C. How to improve Professor White’s office. D. How to decorate Professor White’s Office. Ⅱ. Grammar and vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Swimming way to success What does it take to graduate from a university? Many ____1____ say all you have to do is take classes and pass the exams. Well, it requires more than it if you’re a student at Tsinghua University. Starting this September, freshmen at the university will have to take swimming courses. If they fail a swimming test at the beginning of their university course, they won’t receive their degree ____2____ they can pass the test successfully, according to Tsinghua University president Qiu Yong. Exceptions will be allowed for students with certain physical or mental conditions, if ____3____(prove) by medical staff. Liu Bo, head of the Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, explained ____4____ the university is linking swimming ability with degrees. As a requisite (必要的) survival skill, swimming is beneficial for students in the long run, since swimming is helpful in improving students’ endurance and is ____5____(harmful) to joints (关节) and muscles as a water sport, he told China Daily. Viewing the ability ____6____(swim) as a must for students is not something new to this university — it was also a requirement in the early 20th century. It was later dropped ____7____ a rising number of students and a lack of facilities. Besides Tsinghua University, Peking University has also listed swimming as a compulsory course for students. However, the announcement has caused a heated debate. Some welcomed the new rule, saying it’s a necessary skill that can save lives. “Swimming is a fundamental skill. It’s a way to stay healthy and is lifesaving in emergency situations. I believe making ____8____mandatory (强制的) is necessary,” Yuan Jiaxiang, a junior in Tsinghua’s Department of Civil Engineering, told China Daily. However, some said it has nothing to do with getting a degree. “It’s not reasonable to require people to be able to swim for them to graduate,” Zheng Xiaoyu, a high school student from the Middle School Affiliated to Northern Jiaotong University, told China Daily. In fact, Chinese universities are not the only education organizations ____9____ encourage their students to swim. A few colleges in the United States — including Cornell, Columbia and MIT-offer swim classes to students. “Anything _____10_____(prevent) people from dying needlessly is a valuable skill.” Fred DeBruyn, director of aquatics (水上运动) at Cornell, told The New York Times. 【答案】1. may##might 2. until 3. proved 4. why 5. less harmful 6. to swim 7. due to# because of# owing to 8. it 9. that 10. preventing 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道。清华大学要求大学新生必须参加游泳课程，把学生的游泳能力与学位联系在一起。体育科学与体育司司长刘波对此作出解释，不过这一表态引起了热议。 【1题详解】 考查情态动词。句意：许多人可能会说，你所要做的就是上课和通过考试。空格后为动词原形，且此处表示对上面的问题不确定的回答，所以需要填入表示“可能”的情态动词。may或者might表示“可能”。故填may或者might。 【2题详解】 考查连词。句意：清华大学校长邱勇表示，如果学生在大学课程开始时没有通过游泳测试，他们将无法获得学位，直到他们成功通过测试。此处表示“直到他们成功通过测试，才获得学位”；not … until … 意为“直到……才”。故填until。 【3题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：如果有医务人员证明，有某些身体或精神状况的学生将被允许例外。空格处所在的结构为“连词+分词”作状语，逻辑主语students与prove之间为动宾关系，所以用过去分词。故填proved。 【4题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：刘波，运动科学与体育学部主任，解释了为什么学校将游泳能力与学位挂钩。分析句子结构可知，空格处是宾语从句的连接词，从句中句子成分完整，所以需要填入连接副词。根据后文可知，此处表示的是原因，所以用why。故填why。 【5题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：他在接受《中国日报》采访时表示，作为一项必要的生存技能，游泳从长远来看对学生是有益的，因为游泳有助于提高学生的耐力，而且作为一项水上运动，游泳对关节和肌肉的伤害较小。这里讲的是游泳的好处，所以指的是对关节和肌肉的伤害比较小，所以用less harmful。故填less harmful。 【6题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：对这所大学来说，把会游泳作为学生的必备技能并不是什么新鲜事——在20世纪初，这也是一项要求。the ability to do sth“做某事的能力”，动词不定式作定语，修饰ability。故填to swim。 【7题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：后来由于学生人数的增加和设施的缺乏，它被取消了。此处指的是这件事情后来被放下了，由于……原因。此处需要填入介词短语，表示“因为”，due to/ because of/owing to表示“因为”。故填due to 或者because of 或者owing to。 【8题详解】 考查代词。句意：清华大学土木工程系大三学生袁家祥在接受《中国日报》采访时表示：“我认为这是必须的。”空格处需要填入make的宾语，把这件事变为强制是必要的，所以用it指代游泳这件事。故填it。 【9题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：事实上，鼓励学生游泳的教育机构并不只有中国的大学。分析句子结构可知，空格处为定语从句的连接词，代替先行词在从句中作主语；先行词为organization，且被the only修饰，所以用that。故填that。 【10题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：“任何能防止人们无谓死亡的东西都是一项宝贵的技能。”分析句子结构可知，句子中已经有谓语动词is，所以空格处需要填入非谓语动词；prevent和逻辑主语anything之间为主谓关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填preventing。 Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. abandon B. appealing C. matter D. foresighted E. manner F. maintain G. declining H. costs I. rushing J. aggressive K. transition In this world of rapid changes, everything seems to be possible. There will eventually come a day when the New York Times stops publishing stories on paper. Exactly when that day will be is a ____11____ of debate. “Sometime in the future,” the paper’s publisher said back in 2010. Although people are nostalgia (怀旧) for ink on paper, there are plenty of reasons to ____12____ print. The basic facilities required to make a physical newspaper, including printing presses and delivery trucks, is very expensive. Readers are keeping away from print anyway. And though print advertisement sales still overtake online and mobile counterparts, income from print is still ____13____. Cost may be high and circulation lower, but ____14____ to eliminate its print edition would be a mistake, says BuzzFeed CEO Jonah Petretti. Petretti says the Times shouldn’t waste time giving up the print business, but only if they go about doing it the right way. “Figuring out a way to speed up ____15____ makes sense for them,” he said. Petretti gives the example of Netflix discounting its DVD-mailing service to focus on streaming (流媒体). “It was once seen as a(n) mistake.” he said. But the move turned out to be ____16____. “If I were in charge at the Times, I wouldn’t pick a year to end print,” Petretti said, “I would raise prices and make it into more of a legacy product, which has some advantage over a modern product, making it ____17____ for customers to keep it around.” As a matter of fact, the most loyal customers would still get the product they favor. The idea goes, and they’d feel like that they were helping ____18____ the quality of something they believe in. In other words, if you’re going to print product, make it for the people who are already obsessed with it, which may be what the Times is doing already. Getting the print edition seven days a week ____19____ nearly $500 a year — more than twice as much as a digital-only subscription. “It’s a really hard thing to do and it’s a tremendous luxury that BuzzFeed doesn’t have a legacy business,” Petretti remarked. “But we’re going to have questions like that. We’re doing things that don’t make sense when the market changes and so does the world. In those situations, it’s better to be more _____20_____. Otherwise, we can’t survive the fierce competition. 【答案】11. C 12. A 13. G 14. I 15. K 16. D 17. B 18. F 19. H 20. J 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。在快速变化的时代，《纽约时报》将取消纸质印刷。BuzzFeed首席执行官Jonah Petretti认为这是不明智的选择，并列举了一些原因和例子。 【11题详解】 考查名词。句意：这一天的具体时间还是一个要讨论的事情。a matter of “……的问题”符合句意，名词matter作表语。故填C。 【12题详解】 考查动词。句意：尽管人们怀念纸上的墨水，但有很多理由放弃印刷。根据下文“The basic facilities required to make a physical newspaper, including printing presses and delivery trucks, is very expensive.(制作实体报纸所需的基本设施，包括印刷机和送货车，都非常昂贵)”可知，空处词为abandon“放弃”符合句意，to后接动词原形形式。故填A。 【13题详解】 考查动词。句意：尽管纸媒广告的销售额仍超过了在线和移动广告，但纸媒广告的收入仍在下降。根据上文“though print advertisement sales still overtake online and mobile counterparts”可知，尽管纸媒广告的销售额仍超过了在线和移动广告，但纸媒广告的收入仍在下降。空处为现在进行时，现在分词declining“下降”符合句意。故填G。 【14题详解】 考查动词。句意：BuzzFeed首席执行官乔纳•佩特雷蒂表示，成本可能很高，发行量可能较低，但急于取消印刷版将是一个错误。由下文“Petretti says the Times shouldn’t waste time giving up the print business, but only if they go about doing it the right way.(佩特雷蒂说，《泰晤士报》不应该浪费时间放弃印刷业务，但前提是他们要以正确的方式去做)”可知，急于取消印刷版将是一个错误，动名词作主语，rushing“匆忙”符合句意。故填I。 【15题详解】 考查名词。句意：“找到一种加速转型的方法对他们来说是有意义的，”他说。名词作宾语，transition“转变” 符合句意。故填K。 【16题详解】 考查形容词。句意：但事实证明，这一举措是有远见的。be后接形容词，foresighted“有远见的”符合句意。 故填D。 【17题详解】 考查形容词。句意：佩特雷蒂说：“如果我是《纽约时报》的负责人，我不会选择在哪一年停止印刷，我会提高价格，让它更像一种传统产品，比现代产品有一些优势，让它吸引顾客继续使用。根据上文“which has some advantage over a modern product”可知，形容词appealing“有吸引力的”作宾语补足语。故填B。 【18题详解】 考查动词。句意：他们的想法是，他们会觉得自己在帮助维持他们所相信的东西的质量。help (to) do sth.，该空动词原形形式，动词maintain“维持”符合句意。故填F。 【19题详解】 考查动词。句意：每周7天订阅印刷版一年要花费近500美元——是数字版订阅的两倍多。动名词短语作主语，谓语为单数形式，costs“花费”符合句意。故填H。 【20题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在这种情况下，最好采取更积极的态度。形容词作表语，aggressive“积极进取的”符合句意。故填J。 Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. AI, or deep learning, takes in massive amounts of data from a single field and automatically learns from the data to make specific decisions within that field. It can automatically optimize (优化) human-given goals with ____21____ memory and superhuman accuracy. The potential applications for AI are extremely exciting, but the rise of AI also brings many ____22____. It’s worth taking time to sort between the genuine risks of this coming technological revolution and the ____23____ that sometimes surround the topic. First, let’s talk about job displacement. Because AI can ____24____ humans at routine tasks, it is technically capable of displacing hundreds of millions of white and blue collar jobs in the next 15 years or so. But not every job will be replaced by AI. ____25____, four types of jobs are not at risk at all. First there are creative jobs. AI needs to be given a ____26____ to optimize. It cannot ____27____ as scientists, novelists and artists can. Second, the complex, strategic jobs go well beyond the AI ____28____ of single domain and Big Data. Then there are the as-yet-unknown jobs that will be created by AI. Are you worried that these three types of jobs won’t employ as many people as AI will replace? Not to worry, as the fourth type is much ____29____: empathetic and compassionate jobs, such as teachers, nannies and doctors, which AI is not capable of. So there will still be jobs in the age of AI. As well as job displacement. AI has the potential to ____30____ inequality-both between the super wealthy and the displaced workers and also among countries. Poorer and smaller countries will be unable to gain the economic rewards that will come with AI and less well placed to ____31____ job displacement. The technology also poses serious challenges in terms of ____32____. The consequences of hacking into AI-controlled systems could be severe. Finally, there are the issues of privacy, worsened prejudices and manipulation (操纵). Sadly, we’ve already seen ____33____ on this front. Facebook couldn’t resist the temptation to use AI technology to optimize usage and profit, at the expense of user privacy and increasing prejudices and division. All of these risks require governments, businesses and technologists to ____34____ develop a new rule book for AI applications. And rather than compare against one another countries must share best practices and work together to ensure this technology is used for the ____35____ of all. 21. A. deep B. specific C. unlimited D. optimistic 22. A. praises B. possibilities C. decisions D. challenges 23. A. misunderstandings B. underestimates C. consequences D. arguments 24. A. enrich B. outperform C. reject D. enroll 25. A. In fact B. By comparison C. In addition D. As a result 26. A. job B. goal C. risk D. title 27. A. research B. learn C. serve D. invent 28. A. automation B. displacement C. limitation D. complication 29. A. easier B. larger C. smarter D. quicker 30. A. maintain B. remove C. reveal D. conceal 31. A. destabilize B. enhance C. relieve D. preserve 32. A. security B. control C. severity D. advancement 33. A. prejudices B. limitations C. temptations D. failures 34. A. hold on B. work together C. take off D. back up 35. A. competition B. application C. rules D. good 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. C 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人工智能的好处以及一些常见的关于人工智能的误解。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它可以用无限的记忆和超人的准确性自动优化人类设定的目标。A. deep深刻的；B. specific具体的；C. unlimited无限的；D. optimistic乐观的。根据下文“ It can automatically optimize (优化) human-given goals”中it指代人工智能，所以是拥有无限的记忆。。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：AI的潜在应用令人兴奋，但AI的兴起也带来了许多挑战。A. praises 称赞；B. possibilities 可能性；C. decisions 决定；D. challenges 挑战。根据上文“The potential applications for AI are extremely exciting, but the rise of AI also brings”，可知，指人工智能的兴起也带来了许多挑战。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：值得花时间区分即将到来的技术革命带来的真正风险和围绕这个话题有时存在的误解。A. misunderstandings 误解；B. underestimates 低估；C. consequences 结果；D. arguments 论点。根据上文“It’s worth taking time to sort between the genuine risks of this coming technological revolution”和下文“that sometimes surround the topic”，可知这里指的是关于AI的误解，与上文的genuine risks并列，符合题意。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为AI可以在例行任务上超越人类，所以在未来15年左右的时间里，技术上有可能取代数以亿计的白领和蓝领工作。A. enrich 丰富；B. outperform 超越；C. reject 拒绝；D. enroll 登记。根据下文“it is technically capable of displacing hundreds of millions of white and blue collar jobs in the next 15 years or so.”，可知此处描述AI的能力超越人类，故选B。 【25题详解】 考查短语词义辨析。句意：事实上，有四种类型的工作根本没有风险。A. In fact 事实上，实际上；B. By comparison 相比之下；C. In addition 此外；D. As a result 结果。根据上文“But not every job will be replaced by AI.”和下文“four types of jobs are not at risk at all.”，可知此处要举例说明实际上有些工作不受AI影响，故选A。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：AI需要被赋予一个目标去优化。A. job 工作；B. goal 目标；C. risk 风险；D. title 标题。呼应上文“It can automatically optimize human-given goals”指人工智能需要被赋予一个优化的目标。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它不能像科学家、小说家和艺术家那样发明。A. research 研究；B. learn 学习；C. serve 服务；D. invent 发明。根据下文“as scientists, novelists and artists can”可知，人工智能不能像科学家、小说家和艺术家那样发明创造。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：其次，复杂的战略工作远远超出了AI在单一领域和大数据方面的局限。A. automation 自动化；B. displacement 替换；C. limitation 局限；D. complication 复杂化。根据上文“the complex, strategic jobs go well beyond the AI”指这类工作的复杂性要超过人工智能的限制，就不会被取代。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不用担心，第四种类型的工作要大得多：富有同情心和同理心的工作，如教师、保姆和医生，AI无法胜任。A. easier 更容易；B. larger 更大；C. smarter 更聪明；D. quicker 更快。根据下文“empathetic and compassionate jobs, such as teachers, nannies and doctors, which AI is not capable of. So there will still be jobs in the age of AI.”，可知此处描述这类工作数量众多大得多，故选B。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了就业替代，AI还有可能加剧不平等——无论是在超级富豪和被替代的工人之间，还是在国家之间。A. maintain 维持；B. remove 移除；C. reveal 揭示；D. conceal 隐藏。根据下文“inequality-both between the super wealthy and the displaced workers and also among countries.”，可知此处描述AI可能加剧社会不平等，故选C。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：贫穷和较小的国家将无法获得AI带来的经济回报，而且在缓解就业替代方面处于不利地位。A. destabilize 使不稳定；B. enhance 增强；C. relieve 缓解；D. preserve 保存。根据上文“Poorer and smaller countries will be unable to gain the economic rewards that will come with AI and less well placed to”，此处描述这些国家在应对就业替代方面的能力较弱，故选C。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这项技术还存在严重的安全挑战。A. security 安全；B. control 控制；C. severity 严重性；D. advancement 进步。根据后文“The consequences of hacking into AI-controlled systems could be severe. (入侵人工智能控制系统的后果可能很严重)”可知，这项技术在安全方面也提出了严峻的挑战。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：遗憾的是，我们在这一方面已经看到了失败的例子。A. prejudices 偏见；B. limitations 限制；C. temptations 诱惑；D. failures 失败。根据后文“Facebook couldn’t resist the temptation to use AI technology to optimize usage and profit, at the expense of user privacy and increasing prejudices and division. (Facebook无法抗拒利用人工智能技术优化使用和利润的诱惑，以牺牲用户隐私和增加偏见和分歧为代价)”可知，这方面已经有失败的例子了。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查短语词义辨析。句意：所有这些风险都需要政府、企业和技术专家共同努力，为AI应用制定新的规则手册。A. hold on 坚持；B. work together 一起工作；C. take off 起飞；D. back up 支持。呼应后文“And rather than compare against one another countries must share best practices and work together”指政府、企业和技术人员共同努力，故选B。 35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：各国必须分享最佳实践，共同努力确保这项技术被用于所有人的利益。A. competition 竞争；B. application 应用；C. rules 规则；D. good 利益。根据上文“And rather than compare against one another countries must share best practices and work together to ensure this technology is used for the”可知，各国不应相互比较，而应分享最佳做法，共同努力确保这项技术被用于造福所有人，短语for the good of表示“为了某人或某事的利益”。故选D。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) During recent years legends have grown up among people who live near the park, legends of life among the treetops. One story was of a young, handsome man who had been spotted from time to time among the branches. This rumour about a modern Tarzan (人猿泰山) turned out to be true. The young man had been living in the treetops for eight years until discovered by the city authorities. It is a touching tale. Bob Redman, brought up by his mother in a tiny Manhattan apartment, had always been addicted to trees. When he was 14, he went into the park and built himself a tree house. It was the first of 13 houses, each one more elaborate than the last. “I like to be in trees,” Redman explained to a reporter from the New York Times. “I like to be up, away from everything. I enjoy staying alone.” Redman went to great pains to hide his tree houses, building them in neglected corners of the park and camouflaging them with branches and green paint. Friends used to come to visit him, sometimes as many as 12 people at a time, bringing sandwiches and radios and books and torches. The park authorities quickly became aware of his activities. However, the houses were often not detected for long periods of time. Some lasted as long as a whole year before they were found and destroyed by officials, with a mournful Bob Redman watching from a distance. His magnificent final house went unnoticed for four months before Bob was awoken one morning with the words: “Come down! The party’s over!” Rather than being thrown into jail, Redman was offered a job. He is now a professional gardener and tree climber for the Central Park. However, he has had to promise not to build any more tree houses. He says he cannot believe that a job so perfect for him could possibly exist. In our busy, competitive world, I suppose it is comforting to know that a man like Bob Redman exists. 36. Which of the following statements about Bob Redman is TRUE? A. He built 14 tree houses altogether. B. He rented his final house to some friends. C. He was raised amid trees in the countryside. D. He gave an interview to the New York Times. 37. The bold word “camouflaging” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to________. A. decorating B. hiding C. equipping D. integrating 38. The underlined sentence in paragraph 5 suggests that________. A. parties should not be held overnight B. parties are not allowed in the Central Park C. no more tree houses should exist in the Central Park D. the owner of the tree house should get down to work 39. Which might be the best title of the passage? A. Tarzan of the Central Park B. Locked Up or Breaking Free C. A Special Job Hunter in New York D. Tree Houses — the Ultimate Habitat 【答案】36. D 37. B 38. C 39. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Bob Redman在公园给自己建树屋，在树顶住了8年，直到被市政当局发现。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中““I like to be in trees,” Redman explained to a reporter from the New York Times.(“我喜欢呆在树上，”雷德曼向《纽约时报》的一名记者解释道)”可知，他接受了《纽约时报》的采访。故选D。 【37题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Redman went to great pains to hide his tree houses, building them in neglected corners of the park and”以及后文“them with branches and green paint”可知，雷德曼煞费苦心地隐藏他的树屋，把它们建在公园里被忽视的角落里，用树枝和绿色油漆伪装起来。故画线词意思是“隐藏”。故选B。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中“The park authorities quickly became aware of his activities. However, the houses were often not detected for long periods of time. Some lasted as long as a whole year before they were found and destroyed by officials, with a mournful Bob Redman watching from a distance.(公园管理部门很快就发现了他的活动。然而，这些房子往往在很长一段时间内都没有被发现。有些保存了整整一年，才被官员们发现并销毁，Bob Redman在远处悲伤地看着)”可推知，第5段中划线的句子表明中央公园不应该再有树屋。故选C。 【39题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段中“This rumour about a modern Tarzan (人猿泰山) turned out to be true. The young man had been living in the treetops for eight years until discovered by the city authorities.(关于现代人猿泰山的传言被证实是真的。这个年轻人在树顶住了8年，直到被市政当局发现)”结合文章文章主要讲述了Bob Redman在公园给自己建树屋，在树顶住了8年，直到被市政当局发现。可知，A选项“中央公园的人猿泰山”最符合文章标题。故选A。 (B) The National Storytelling Youth Olympics is an event where thousands of kids from grades 6 to 12 compete against each other by telling stories. It is sponsored by the Master’s Degree Program in Reading and Storytelling at East Tennessee State University. The sole purpose of this event is to promote and encourage both the art and science of storytelling among middle school and high school students. Although this event is competitive, its underlying intent and goal is to provide students across the nation with a reason to practice numerous noncompetitive skills. Those skills include skillful sportsmanship , responsible behavior, and an attitude of respect for others and the storytelling genre. The eventual goal of the National Storytelling Youth Olympics is to encourage every classroom in America to discover (or rediscover) the beauty of storytelling and story performance. The National Storytelling Youth Olympics takes place usually around the first weekend in March. Students from all over the country arrive by bus, plane, or automobile in Johnson City, Tennessee. They usually arrive on Thursday or Friday. Those that arrive on Thursday take advantage of their early arrival by telling stories at local schools. On Friday, an evening meal is prepared for all contestants, coaches, and parents. Games are played, stories are told, and lifetime friendships begin. Saturday is the day of the big event. A luncheon(午餐会) is held in the afternoon so contestants can familiarize themselves with the surroundings and do a sound check. The event is divided into three categories separated by grades. Contestants are judged not only by their storytelling performance, but also by the attitude and behavior they display during the entire weekend. A winner is picked from each of the three categories; however, there is an overall winner who is granted the name of Grand Torch Bearer. This person is selected not only by the judges, but also by the contestants. After the winners have been announced, the contestants retreat back to their hotel where a celebratory ice cream party is held; and believe it or not, they tell more stories! This is what the National Storytelling Youth Olympics is all about: developing a love for the art of storytelling. 40. Which of the following sets of words best describes the Grand Torch Bearer? A. competitive, ambitious, talented B. respectful, responsible, skilled C. athletic, determined, creative D. imaginative, individualistic, pessimistic 41. Why would someone MOST LIKELY choose to attend the National Storytelling Youth Olympics? A. To refine storytelling skills while meeting new friends. B. To compete fiercely with the best storytellers in the country. C. To earn money and fame. D. To develop one’s personal skill in lecture only. 42. When is dinner prepared for all contestants, coaches, and parents? A. Wednesday. B. Friday. C. Thursday. D. Saturday. 【答案】40. B 41. A 42. B 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了全国讲故事青年奥林匹克运动会的宗旨、举办时间、比赛规则和活动内容。 【40题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Those skills include skillful sportsmanship , responsible behavior, and an attitude of respect for others and the storytelling genre.”可知，这些技能包括熟练的体育精神、负责任的行为以及尊重他人的态度，由此可知获得大火炬手称号的选手是恭敬的、负责任的且熟练的，故B项正确。 【41题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Games are played, stories are told, and lifetime friendships begin.”可知，选手们可以在这个运动会上玩游戏、讲故事并且交朋友，由此可知选手们参加讲故事青年奥林匹克运动会是为了在结交新朋友的同时提高讲故事技巧，故A项正确。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“On Friday, an evening meal is prepared for all contestants, coaches, and parents.”可知，在星期五，为所有的参赛者、教练和家长准备了一顿晚宴，故B项正确。 (C) Who is a genius? This question has greatly interested humankind for centuries. Let’s state clearly: Einstein was a genius. His face is almost the international symbol for genius. But we want to go beyond one man and explore the nature of genius itself. Why is it that some people are so much more intelligent or creative than the rest of us? And who are they? In the sciences and arts, those praised as geniuses were most often white men, of European origin. Perhaps this is not a surprise. It’s said that history is written by the victors, and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club. When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club—women, or people of a different color or belief—they were unacknowledged and rejected by others. A study recently published by Science found that as young as age six, girls are less likely than boys to say that members of their gender(性别)are “really, really smart.” Even worse, the study found that girls act on that belief: Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are “really, really smart.” Can our planet afford to have any great thinkers become discouraged and give up? It doesn’t take a genius to know the answer: absolutely not. Here’s the good news. In a wired world with constant global communication, we’re all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear. And the more we look, the more we will see that social factors(因素)like gender, race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius. As a writer says, future geniuses come from those with “intelligence, creativity, perseverance(毅力), and simple good fortune, who are able to change the world.” 43. What does the author think of victors’ standards for joining the genius club? A. They’re unfair. B. They’re conservative. C. They’re objective. D. They’re strict. 44. What can we infer about girls from the study in Science? A. They think themselves smart. B. They look up to great thinkers. C. They see gender differences earlier than boys. D. They are likely to be influenced by social beliefs 45. Why are more geniuses known to the public? A. Improved global communication. B. Less discrimination against women. C. Acceptance of victors’ concepts. D. Changes in people’s social positions. 46. What is the best title for the text? A. Geniuses Think Alike B. Genius Takes Many Forms C. Genius and Intelligence D. Genius and Luck 【答案】43. A 44. D 45. A 46. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章由问题“谁是天才?”引入，论述了世人对天才的狭隘定义，提出事实上“天才”有很多种形式，不要让思维限制了我们的“天才”能力。 【43题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“It is said that history is written by victors, and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club. When contributions were made by geniuses outside the club-women, or people of a different color or belief-they were unacknowledged and rejected by others.(据说历史是由胜利者书写的，而那些胜利者为进入天才俱乐部设定了标准。当俱乐部以外的天才——女性或不同肤色或信仰的人——做出贡献时，他们不会被承认并且被其他人拒绝。)”可知，作者认为那些“胜利者”对进“天才俱乐部”设置的标准是不公平的，因为女性或者不同肤色或信仰的人做出的成就是得不到承认的。故选A。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段的“Even worse, the study found that girls act on that belief. Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for children who are “really, really smart.(更糟糕的是，研究发现女孩们是按照这个信念行事的。六岁左右，她们开始避免那些据说是“非常非常聪明”的孩子参加的活动。)”可推知，女孩容易受到社会信仰的影响，认为自己不适合做“聪明孩子”做的事情。故选D。 【45题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“In a wired world with constant global communication, we’re all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear.(在一个拥有持续的全球交流的联网的世界里，我们随时随地都能看到天才的出现。)”可知，进步的全球通讯让更多的天才被公众所知道。故选A。 【46题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，结合文章第一段提出问题“Who is a genius?(谁是天才)”和最后一段的“And the more we look, the more we will see that social factors(因素)like gender, race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius. As a writer says, future geniuses come from those with “intelligence, creativity, perseverance, and simple geniuses, who are able to change the world.(我们看得越多，就越会发现，像性别、种族和阶级这样的社会因素并不能决定天才的外表。正如一位作家所说，未来的天才来自那些具有“智慧、创造力、毅力和那些能够改变世界的简单天才。)”可知，天才不一定是那些有巨大贡献的人，他们也可以是某一方面比较突出的普通人。由此可知B项“天才有多种形式”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选B。 Section C Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Pythagoras Pythagoras is often described as a very important mathematician, yet we know little about his achievements. Many Greek mathematicians wrote books about their work, but we have nothing written by Pythagoras. ____47____ It was a secret society and today Pythagoras is still a mysterious figure. We are not sure if the information we have about him is fact or legend. We believe that Pythagoras was born on the Greek island of Samos: He was well educated. He learned music and poetry and had three philosophers to teach him. Two of these philosophers, Thales and Anaximander, introduced him to mathematics. Thales advised Pythagoras to travel to Egypt to learn more about mathematics and astronomy. So, in 535 BC, Pythagoras travelled to Egypt, where he visited many temples and took part in discussions with priests (神父). ____48____ For example, the Egyptian priests refused to eat beans and wear animal skins, as did Pythagoras later in his life. In 525 BC, the King of Persla invaded Egypt. ____49____ We do not know when Pythagoras was set free, but we know that in 520 BC he left Babylon and returned to Samon, his birthplace. In Samos he founded a school which was called The Semicle. It seems that the people of Samos did not appreciate the teaching methods of Pythagoras and they treated him rudely and improperly. Furthermore, the Samians wanted to involve Pythagoras in local politics against his will. ____50____ And it was there that he founded a religious and philosophical society. This society contributed a great deal to the understanding of mathematics. Pythagoras believed that numbers rule the universe and that numbers are present in all things. He also connected mathematics to music and recognized the healing power of music. He used it as a kind of therapy to help those who were ill. Another of his beliefs was that there are three types of men: those who love wisdom, those who love honor and those who love gain. A. For these reasons he went to Italy. B. Pythagoras was taken prisoner and was transported to Babylon. C. It was in Egypt that he reached perfection in mathematics. D. Many of the customs he learnt in Egypt he came to adopt. E. Both men and women were allowed to be members of the society. F. What we do know is that he was the leader of a society which was half scientific and half religious. 【答案】47. F 48. D 49. B 50. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了著名数学家毕达哥拉斯个人经历以及对理解数学作出的很大贡献。 【47题详解】 根据下文“ It was a secret society and today Pythagoras is still a mysterious figure. (那是一个秘密社会，今天毕达哥拉斯仍然是一个神秘人物。)”可知，上文要提到“society”。 F项“我们所知道的是，他是一个半科学半宗教社会的领袖。”符合文意。且F项中“What we do know”与上文“yet we know little about his achievements”形成对比。故选F。 【48题详解】 下文“For example, the Egyptian priests refused to eat beans and wear animal skins, as did Pythagoras later in his life.(例如，埃及牧师拒绝吃豆子和穿兽皮，毕达哥拉斯晚年也是如此。)”与空格处是例证关系。D项“在埃及学到的许多风俗习惯他都是来领养的。”符合文意。“拒绝吃豆子和穿兽皮”是他在埃及学到的许多风俗习惯。故选D。 【49题详解】 根据下文“We do not know when Pythagoras was set free(我们不知道毕达哥拉斯何时获得自由)”可知，上文应该提到他入狱。B项“毕达哥拉斯被俘并被送往巴比伦。”符合文意。故选B。 【50题详解】 根据下文“And it was there that he founded a religious and philosophical society. (正是在那里，他建立了一个宗教和哲学协会。)”可知，空格处应提到他建立一个宗教和哲学协会的地点。A项“出于这些原因，他去了意大利。”符合文意。故选A。 Summary 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words asfar as possible. How to Be a Successful Team Leader? Every well-organized team needs to have an outstanding leader with specific skills. Sometimes the leader’s abilities can come to affect the whole team. Although we students are still young, it’s never too early to cultivate leadership skills. A team consists of both leaders and followers. Neither side can exist and work effectively without the other. What is essential to the role of leader is the ability to unite the whole team. A great leader enables their team to achieve a common goal through the giving of clear directions and support. Meanwhile everyone on a team also desires personal success, so a balance can be hard to strike. If a leader doesn’t have fierce determination, the followers will lose their confidence and things will not be done well. What’s more, a successful and charming leader ought to be able to handle interpersonal relationships well. They should be honest, fair, objective and impartial (公正的) when it comes to both rewards and punishments. These kinds of leaders are trustworthy, and thus, the working atmosphere will only come to be improved. They are role models who can have a strong influence on the whole team. To become a powerful leader at school, students have to take the initiative in connecting with their fellow students. Good communication skills allow people to build good relationships, which is an essential part of being a good leader. If you find it hard to express your ideas clearly to those who you collaborate with, it may be rather difficult for you to be a good leader. It’s a well-known fact that, whatever field you wish to work in, leadership skills are necessary for anyone who desires to have a successful career. So it’s never too early to train yourselves as promising future leaders. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It is essential to develop leadership skills when you’re young. Firstly the ability to keep the team united and determination to accomplish the same goal are needed. Besides, honesty, fairness, and objective attitudes can win a leader trust and reliability in handling of interpersonal relationships. Moreover, skillful communication or staying connected with peers is significant for a promising leader. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何成为一名成功的团队领导者。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①Although we students are still young, it’s never too early to cultivate leadership skills. ②What is essential to the role of leader is the ability to unite the whole team. ③A great leader enables their team to achieve a common goal through the giving of clear directions and support. ④They should be honest, fair, objective and impartial (公正的) when it comes to both rewards and punishments. ⑤To become a powerful leader at school, students have to take the initiative in connecting with their fellow students. ⑥Good communication skills allow people to build good relationships, which is an essential part of being a good leader. 2.缜密构思 将第2、3两个要点进行整合，将第5、6两个要点进行重组 3.遣词造句 The ability to keep the team united and determination to accomplish the same goal are needed. Skillful communication or staying connected with peers is significant for a promising leader. 【点睛】[高分句型1] It is essential to develop leadership skills when you’re young.（运用了when引导时间状语从句对第一段内容进行概括） [高分句型2] Firstly, the ability to keep the team united and determination to accomplish the same goal are needed.（运用了动词不定式作后置定语对第二段的部分内容进行概括） Ⅴ. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 评定他的表现时，不必考虑他的家庭背景。(judge)(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】When judging from his performance don’t take his family background into account. 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句的省略，祈使句和动词短语。根据所给中文提示词，本句可用when引导的时间状语从句，其中“不必考虑他的家庭背景”为主句，根据句意，句子陈述事实，用一般现在时，带有命令语气，用祈使句句型，根据“不必”可知，用祈使句的否定形式，“考虑”作谓语，用动词短语：take sth. into account意为“考虑到某事”，“他的家庭背景”作宾语，译为“his family background”，即主句为：don’t take his family background into account；“评定他的表现时”为when引导的时间状语从句，“评定”可用动词短语judge from，“他的表现”作宾语，译为“his performance”，当主句的主语和从句的主语一致，且从句含有be动词时，从句主语和谓语可省略。故译为：When judging from his performance, don’t take his family background into account. 53. 在毕业仪式上，她向帮助过她的人表达了感激之情。(gratitude) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】At the graduation ceremony, she expressed her gratitude to those who had helped her. 【解析】 【详解】考查介词，名词，一般过去时，过去完成时，定语从句。“毕业”为graduation；“仪式”为ceremony；“在毕业仪式上”用介词at；所以状语部分为“at the graduation ceremony”。“表达”为express；动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去时。“感激”为gratitude，“向……表达感激”用介词to；根据汉语意思可知，“帮助她的人”为定语，所以为那些帮助过她的人；“those”为那些；定语从句中先行词为人，且在从句中作主语，所以用who；“帮助”动作发生在“表达”之前，所以用过去完成时。所以后半句翻译为she expressed her gratitude to those who had helped her。故答案为At the graduation ceremony, she expressed her gratitude to those who had helped her. 54. 这个项目仍处于初级阶段，实现它的唯一关键在于及时取得财政支援。(matter) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】This project is still in this initial stage and what only matters is to get the financial support in time. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态，介词短语和主语从句。表示“项目”用project，表示在“在初级阶段”用in this initial stage，句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时；表示“唯一重要的是；实现它的唯一关键是”用what only matters is，此处what引导主语从句，matter意为“起作用，有关系”；表示“去及时取得财政支持”使用to get the financial support in time，该结构中不定式to get作表语，同时表示“经济支持”用financial support；“及时”用in time；前后两个句子表示并列关系，故使用连词and进行连接。故答案为This project is still in this initial stage and what only matters is to get the financial support in time. 55. 看到那么多年轻人自愿学舞龙，这位老艺人如释重负，感觉这门古老的技艺后继有人了。(relieve) (汉译英) 【答案】Finding that so many young people volunteered to learn dragon dance, the old artist felt relieved and he believed the ancient art could be handed down to the next generation. 【解析】 【详解】考查relieve的用法、时态、非谓语动词和从句。句子陈述的是过去的事实，应用一般过去时。“看到那么多年轻人自愿学舞龙”可以用“现在分词+that宾语从句”的结构来表示，放在句首，作状语；“看到”可以用find来表达，与主语“老艺人”之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式finding；“那么多年轻人”可译为so many young people;“自愿学舞龙”可译为volunteered to learn dragon dance；故“看到那么多年轻人自愿学舞龙”可译为Finding that so many young people volunteered to learn dragon。“这位老艺人”用the old artist来表达；“如释重负”可用系表结构来表示，felt relieved；“感觉这门古老的技艺后继有人了”可理解为“他认为这门古老的技艺可以传承给下一代人了”，“传承”可用动词短语hand down来表示，省略that宾语从句表达，所以此句可译为he believed the ancient art could be handed down to the next generation；“感觉”和前面的“如释重负”是并列的动作，所以和前面的句子用and来连接。故翻译为Finding that so many young people volunteered to learn dragon dance, the old artist felt relieved and he believed the ancient art could be handed down to the next generation. Ⅵ. Guided Writing 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 自17世纪以来，现代英语在英国和美国的广泛影响下在世界各地传播。英语已成为国际主导语言之一，在许多地区（region）和专业（major）的环境下的语言也有主导地位，例如科学（science）、导航（navigation）和法律（law）。因此中国也非常重视英语教育：但很多青少年认为我们不应该学习外国语言，对此你怎么看？请以Should we learn English?为题目写一篇议论文。要求如下： 1.表明立场； 2.阐述理由。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Should we learn English? Nowadays, English has become one of the leading international languages, and it also holds a dominant position in many regional and professional environments, such as science, navigation, and law. Although China also attaches great importance to English education, many teenagers believe that we should not learn English. In my view, we should learn English. Firstly, learning English can help us communicate with people from different parts of the world. It is the language that is most commonly used in international communication, and it can help us understand other cultures and ways of thinking. Besides, learning English can help us find better jobs. Many employers prefer candidates who have a good command of English, because it can help them perform better in their jobs. Finally, many multinational companies use English as their working language, so learning English can help employees communicate with their colleagues and clients more effectively. In conclusion, learning English is very important in today’s globalized world. It can help us communicate with people from different cultures, find better jobs, and improve our chances of success. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于议论文。要求考生以《Should we learn English?》为题目按照要求写一篇议论文。 【详解】1.词汇积累 应该：should→be supposed to 帮助某人做某事：help sb. do sth.→ assist sb. to do sth. 此外：besides→ what’s more 许多：many→ plenty of 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：In conclusion, learning English is very important in today’s globalized world. It can help us communicate with people from different cultures, find better jobs, and improve our chances of success. 拓展句：In conclusion, learning English is very important in today’s globalized world, which can help us communicate with people from different cultures, find better jobs, and improve our chances of success. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Although China also attaches great importance to English education, many teenagers believe that we should not learn English. (运用了Although引导的让步状语从句和that引导的宾语从句) 【高分句型2】Many employers prefer candidates who have a good command of English, because it can help them perform better in their jobs. (运用了who引导的限制性定语从句和because引导的原因状语从句) Listening Comprehension1-5 CBACB 6-10 ABADB 11-13 CBB 14-16 CCD 17-20 DBAC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$