精品解析：江苏省常州市联盟学校2023-2024学年高一下学期期末学情调研英语试题

常州市联盟学校2023—2024学年度第二学期学情调研 高一年级期末试卷 2024.06 注意：本试卷分四个部分，答案全部做在答题纸上。总分为150分。考试时间120分钟。 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is the woman going to do? A. Find a taxi. B. Get some water. C. Wait for the man. 2 Who is the woman probably? A. A teacher. B. A job adviser. C. An officer. 3. Why doesn’t the man try some strawberry cake? A. He no longer likes it. B. He is trying to lose weight C. He is going to buy some himself. 4. What does the man dislike? A. Working online. B. Meeting Amy’s mom. C. Footprints on the floor. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. An accident. B. School papers. C. Traffic rules. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。 6. Why does Victor sound angry? A. Laura is late. B. Laura doesn’t let him in. C. Laura won’t wait for him. 7. What will Laura do? A. Try on her new dress. B. See a fashion show. C. Go shopping. 听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。 8. What has the man been busy doing recently? A. Raising money. B. Having meetings. C. Preparing a picnic party. 9. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a bank. B. In a boat. C. In a meeting room. 听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。 10. How long does the trial period last? A. 18 days. B. 1 month. C. 3 months. 11. What is the man’s attitude towards the woman? A. Rude. B. Patient. C. Polite. 12. What do we know about the woman? A. She is a trainer. B. She has a working visa. C. She might work as a waitress. 听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。 13. How does the woman sound in the beginning? A. Angry. B. A bit excited. C. Disappointed. 14. Who was chosen to play Mimi at first? A. The man’s friend. B. The woman. C. Sheila. 15. When will the meeting on environment start? A. At 6:00 this Tuesday. B. At 8:00 this Friday. C. At 6:00 next Tuesday. 16. What will the woman do next? A. Prepare for the performance. B. Invite casting people and agents. C. Persuade the man to watch the show. 听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。 17. What can you get after pressing 2? A. Film showing times. B. Directions to the cinema. C. An advanced booking. 18. How much does a ticket cost a 13-year-old girl? A. $6.50. B. $5.00. C. $4.50. 19. Which group is a family ticket available for? A. Two adults and two children. B. One adult and four children. C. Two adults and three children. 20. What should you do to hear the choices again? A. Press 0. B. Press 1. C. Press 3. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Scientists play a crucial role in advancing technology and improving our quality of life. Consider the work of Marie Curie, who discovered radium and polonium, opening up new frontiers in the field of radioactivity and laying the foundation for modern nuclear medicine. Her research has led to the development of life-saving treatments and diagnostic (诊断的) tools that have benefited countless patients. Another remarkable scientist is Albert Einstein. His theory of relativity changed our understanding of the universe, challenging conventional wisdom and inspiring countless subsequent studies in physics. This has not only deepened our knowledge of the cosmos but also led to technological advancements such as GPS navigation, which relies on the principles of relativity for correct positioning. Isaac Newton’s laws of motion and universal gravitation provided a framework for understanding the physical world and paved the way for modern engineering and aerospace technology. The applications of his theories are obvious in everything from the construction of buildings to the launch of satellites. Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection transformed our understanding of the diversity of life on Earth. It has had far-reaching implications in fields such as genetics, ecology, and conservation biology, guiding our efforts to protect and preserve the natural world. Nikola Tesla’s contributions to electrical engineering, particularly in the development of alternating current (交流电), have powered our modern world. Without his innovations, our reliance on electricity for lighting, communication, and countless other applications would be severely limited. 1. Who discovered radium and polonium? A. Albert Einstein. B. Isaac Newton. C. Marie Curie. D. Charles Darwin. 2. Which of the following is a major and biggest difference between Albert Einstein and Isaac Newton? A. The field of science they mainly contributed to. B. Their nationality. C. The century in which they did their research. D. Their educational background. 3. Which of the following is a common feature shared by all the scientists mentioned? A. They all made their discoveries in the 20th century. B. They were all from the same country. C. They all faced significant opposition to their work during their lifetimes. D. They all had a deep and lasting impact on the advancement of science and human knowledge. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几位著名的科学家所取得的成就，及其对人类所做出的贡献。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Consider the work of Marie Curie, who discovered radium and polonium, opening up new frontiers in the field of radioactivity and laying the foundation for modern nuclear medicine.”（想想Marie Curie的工作，她发现了镭和钋，开辟了放射性领域的新领域，奠定了现代核医学的基础。）可知，是Marie Curie发现了镭和钋。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“His theory of relativity changed our understanding of the universe, challenging conventional wisdom and inspiring countless subsequent studies in physics. This has not only deepened our knowledge of the cosmos but also led to technological advancements such as GPS navigation, which relies on the principles of relativity for correct positioning.”（他的相对论改变了我们对宇宙的理解，挑战了传统智慧，并启发了无数随后的物理学研究。这不仅加深了我们对宇宙的认识，也导致了GPS导航等技术的进步，GPS导航依靠相对论原理进行正确定位。）和第三段“Isaac Newton’s laws of motion and universal gravitation provided a framework for understanding the physical world and paved the way for modern engineering and aerospace technology. The applications of his theories are obvious in everything from the construction of buildings to the launch of satellites.”（Isaac Newton的运动定律和万有引力为理解物理世界提供了一个框架，并为现代工程和航空航天技术铺平了道路。从建筑物的建造到卫星的发射，他的理论在各个方面的应用都是显而易见的。）可知，Albert Einstein和Isaac Newton二人在不同的科学领域做出了巨大贡献。故选A。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Consider the work of Marie Curie, who discovered radium and polonium, opening up new frontiers in the field of radioactivity and laying the foundation for modern nuclear medicine. Her research has led to the development of life-saving treatments and diagnostic（诊断的）tools that have benefited countless patients.”（想想Marie Curie的工作，她发现了镭和钋，开辟了放射性领域的新领域，奠定了现代核医学的基础。她的研究导致了挽救生命的治疗和诊断工具的发展，使无数患者受益。）、第二段“His theory of relativity changed our understanding of the universe, challenging conventional wisdom and inspiring countless subsequent studies in physics. This has not only deepened our knowledge of the cosmos but also led to technological advancements such as GPS navigation, which relies on the principles of relativity for correct positioning.”（他的相对论改变了我们对宇宙的理解，挑战了传统智慧，并启发了无数随后的物理学研究。这不仅加深了我们对宇宙的认识，也导致了GPS导航等技术的进步，GPS导航依靠相对论原理进行正确定位。）、第三段“Isaac Newton’s laws of motion and universal gravitation provided a framework for understanding the physical world and paved the way for modern engineering and aerospace technology. The applications of his theories are obvious in everything from the construction of buildings to the launch of satellites.”（Isaac Newton的运动定律和万有引力为理解物理世界提供了一个框架，并为现代工程和航空航天技术铺平了道路。从建筑物的建造到卫星的发射，他的理论在各个方面的应用都是显而易见的。）、第四段“Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection transformed our understanding of the diversity of life on Earth. It has had far-reaching implications in fields such as genetics, ecology, and conservation biology, guiding our efforts to protect and preserve the natural world.”（Charles Darwin的自然选择进化论改变了我们对地球上生命多样性的认识。它在遗传学、生态学、保护生物学等领域产生了深远的影响，指导着我们保护和保存自然世界的努力。）和最后一段“Nikola Tesla’s contributions to electrical engineering, particularly in the development of alternating current（交流电）, have powered our modern world. Without his innovations, our reliance on electricity for lighting, communication, and countless other applications would be severely limited.”（Nikola Tesla对电气工程的贡献，特别是在交流电的发展，为我们的现代世界提供了动力。如果没有他的创新，我们在照明、通讯和无数其他应用方面对电力的依赖将受到严重限制。）可知，本文所提到的科学家都对科学和人类知识的进步产生了深刻而持久的影响。故选D。 B My childhood memory is closely connected with hunger. Unable to provide enough food to feed its ever-increasing population, the People’s Republic had to adopt a food ration (定量) system to ensure equal supply of food for three decades—the ration for an adult in an urban area was 15 kilograms of wheat, rice, com or sorghum per month. Many young people today might not understand why I’m talking about hunger when an adult’s monthly quota for food grains was 15kg, especially because half of that would perhaps be enough for them for a month. But that’s all an adult could consume up to the 1970s, because cooking oil, meat, eggs and sugar were strictly controlled. Although the ration system ensured everybody had a share of the available food and prevented starvation deaths, it led to malnutrition (营养不良) among people of every age. On launching reform and opening-up. China realized a major reason for food shortage was farmers not getting their rightful due under the system then. So the government distributed the collectively-owned farmlands to households and farmers. Within years, the farm yield almost doubled, helping China to abandon the food rationing system in 1993. Now, enough food supply and much money have changed Chinese people’s dietary habits. Many youths refuse to learn cooking, arguing that they can source their meals from restaurants or take-out outlets. As a result, one can see thousands of electric bike riders zigzagging the streets to deliver breakfast, lunch or dinner. Paradoxically, Chinn is now battling over-nutrition. One would be lucky to not find a few overweight boys and girls in a class. When I meet with my former classmates, many of whom are overweight or suffering from over-nutrition-related illnesses, we sometimes talk about the “good old food ration days” when almost no one needed to worry about controlling weight. 4. What is the main purpose of China’s adopting a food ration system? A. To feed enough food to people. B. To ensure less waste of food. C. To avoid increase of population. D. To fight against food shortage. 5. What can we infer from paragraph 2? A. Lacking other nutrition made 15kg food grains not enough for an adult. B Young people today consume less food grains to avoid overweight problem. C. People in poverty had no access to oil, meat, eggs and sugar in the 1970s. D. The farm yield almost doubled with the development of faring technology. 6. What does the underlined word “Paradoxically” in Paragraph 5 most probably mean? A. Consequently. B. Unexpectedly. C. Similarly. D. Reasonably. 7. Why does the author write the article? A. To suggest our country adopting food ration again. B. To advise people to have enough food. C. To record the change in the development of society. D. To introduce a healthy lifestyle to young people. 【答案】4. D 5. A 6. B 7. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了中国曾经因为食物短缺实施粮食配给制度，而如今却需要与营养过剩作斗争。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“My childhood memory is closely connected with hunger. Unable to provide enough food to feed its ever-increasing population, the People’s Republic had to adopt a food ration (定量) system to ensure equal supply of food for three decades—the ration for an adult in an urban area was 15 kilograms of wheat, rice, com or sorghum per month.(我的童年记忆与饥饿密切相关。由于无法提供足够的食物来养活不断增长的人口，中华人民共和国不得不采取粮食配给制度，以确保三十年的粮食供应——城市地区成年人的口粮是每月15公斤小麦、大米、玉米或高粱)”可知，中国实行粮食配给制度的主要目的是为了应对食物短缺，为人们提供基本的食物。故选D。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Many young people today might not understand why I’m talking about hunger when an adult’s monthly quota for food grains was 15kg, especially because half of that would perhaps be enough for them for a month. But that’s all an adult could consume up to the 1970s, because cooking oil, meat, eggs and sugar were strictly controlled.(今天的许多年轻人可能不理解为什么我在谈论饥饿，一个成年人每月的粮食配额是15公斤，特别是因为一半的粮食可能足够他们一个月。但直到20世纪70年代，成年人只能吃这么多，因为食用油、肉、蛋和糖都受到严格控制)”可知，缺乏其他营养使得15公斤的粮食对一个成年人来说是不够的。故选A。 【6题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“Chinn is now battling over-nutrition”以及“When I meet with my former classmates, many of whom are overweight or suffering from over-nutrition-related illnesses, we sometimes talk about the “good old food ration days” when almost no one needed to worry about controlling weight.(当我遇到我以前的同学时，他们中的许多人都超重或患有与营养过剩有关的疾病，我们有时会谈论“美好的旧食物配给时代”，那时几乎没有人需要担心控制体重)”可知，过去中国的食物短缺，没有人需要担心控制体重，而作者没想到如今中国现在正在与营养过剩作斗争。故划线词意思是“没想到，意外地”。故选B。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据“When I meet with my former classmates, many of whom are overweight or suffering from over-nutrition-related illnesses, we sometimes talk about the “good old food ration days” when almost no one needed to worry about controlling weight.(当我遇到我以前的同学时，他们中的许多人都超重或患有与营养过剩有关的疾病，我们有时会谈论“美好的旧食物配给时代”，那时几乎没有人需要担心控制体重)”结合文章主要说明了中国曾经因为食物短缺实施粮食配给制度，而如今却需要与营养过剩作斗争。可知，作者写这篇文章是为了记录社会发展的变化。故选C。 C Playing music requires fine motor skills, which are controlled in both hemispheres (大脑半球) of the brain. It also combines language and mathematics, which the left hemisphere is more involved in, with the novel and creative content that the right does well in. For these reasons, playing music has been found to increase the volume and activity in the brain’s corpus callosum (胼胝体), the bridge between the two hemispheres, allowing messages to get across the brain faster and through more different ways. This may allow musicians to solve problems more effectively and creatively, in both academic and social settings. Because making music also involves creating and understanding its emotional content and message, musicians often have higher levels of decision-making function, a category of interlinked tasks that includes planning, strategizing, and attention to detail and requires immediate analysis of both cognitive (认知的) and emotional aspects. This ability also has an impact on how our memory systems work. And, indeed, musicians exhibit better memory functions, creating, storing, and retrieving memories more quickly and efficiently. Studies have found that musicians appear to use their highly connected brains to give each memory multiple tags (标签), such as a conceptual tag, an emotional tag, an audio tag, and a contextual tag, like a good Internet search engine. How do we know that all these benefits are unique to music, as opposed to, say, sports or painting? Or could it be that people who go into music were already smarter to begin with? Neuroscientists have explored these issues, but so far, they have found that the artistic and aesthetic aspects of learning to play a musical instrument are different from any other activity studied, including other arts. And several randomized (随机的) studies of participants, who showed the same levels of cognitive function and neural processing at the start, found mat those who were exposed to a period of music learning showed improvement in multiple brain areas, compared to the others. 8. Which of the following could be the best title for the passage? A. The Connection Between Music and Brain Activity. B. The Secret of Musicians’ Success. C. How Music Changes Our Lives. D. The Impact of Music on Motor Skills. 9. What does playing music increase in the brain? A. The size of the left hemisphere. B. The size of the right hemisphere. C. The volume and activity in the brain’s corpus callosum. D. The number of neural connections in the front part of brain. 10. What have neuroscientists found about-the benefits of playing music? A. They are not unique. B. They are the same as those of sports. C. They are the same as those of painting. D. They are different from any other activity studied. 11. What did the randomized studies find about those exposed to music learning? A. They had worse cognitive function. B. They showed no improvement in brain areas. C. They showed improvement in duty brain area. D. They showed improvement in multiple brain areas. 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究发现演奏音乐会对人的大脑产生很多影响，介绍了相关的研究以及发现。 【8题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Playing music requires fine motor skills, which are controlled in both hemispheres (大脑半球) of the brain. It also combines language and mathematics, which the left hemisphere is more involved in, with the novel and creative content that the right does well in.(演奏音乐需要精细的运动技能，这是由大脑的两个半球控制的。它还将左脑更擅长的语言和数学与右脑擅长的新颖和创造性内容结合起来)”结合文章主要说明了研究发现演奏音乐会对人的大脑产生很多影响，介绍了相关的研究以及发现。可知，A选项“音乐和大脑活动之间的联系”最符合文章标题。故选A。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“For these reasons, playing music has been found to increase the volume and activity in the brain’s corpus callosum (肼胝体), the bridge between the two hemispheres, allowing messages to get across the brain faster and through more different ways.(由于这些原因，人们发现演奏音乐可以增加大脑胼胝体的体积和活动，胼胝体是连接两个半球的桥梁，可以让信息通过更多不同的方式更快地在大脑中传递)”可知，演奏音乐会增加大脑中的大脑胼胝体的体积和活动。故选C。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Neuroscientists have explored these issues, but so far, they have found that the artistic and aesthetic aspects of learning to play a musical instrument are different from any other activity studied, including other arts. And several randomized ( 随机的 ) studies of participants, who showed the same levels of cognitive function and neural processing at the start, found mat those who were exposed to a period of music learning showed improvement in multiple brain areas, compared to the others.(神经科学家已经探索了这些问题，但到目前为止，他们发现学习演奏乐器的艺术和美学方面不同于任何其他研究过的活动，包括其他艺术。几项随机研究发现，一开始认知功能和神经处理水平相同的参与者，与其他人相比，接受一段时间音乐学习的人在多个大脑区域都有改善。)”可知，神经学家发现演奏音乐的好处是它们不同于其他研究过的活动。故选D。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“And several randomized (随机的) studies of participants, who showed the same levels of cognitive function and neural processing at the start, found mat those who were exposed to a period of music learning showed improvement in multiple brain areas, compared to the others.(几项随机研究发现，一开始认知功能和神经处理水平相同的参与者，与其他人相比，接受一段时间音乐学习的人在多个大脑区域都有改善)”可知，对于那些接触音乐学习的人，随机研究发现他们在多个大脑区域表现出改善。故选D。 D Last week a study was published showing that people with bowel cancer (肠癌) who drink coffee — quite a lot of coffee, two to four cups a day — were less likely to suffer a return of the disease. Experts have said that if the results hold in further studies, coffee could be prescribed (开处方) to cancer patients on the NHS (National Health Service) . That coffee does have an effect on human function is no doubt — but whether that impact is beneficial or harmful has been controversial (有争议的) since its beginning in the mid-15th century. The native peoples of the forests of Kaffa in south-west Ethiopia searched for berries (浆果) from wild coffee plants that were shipped across the Red Sea to prepare the decoction (煮出的汁) known as qahwa, which was used to reduce their desire for sleep. Once mainstream Islamic courts said coffee was not poisonous, consumption became widespread among the Muslim populations in the Middle East and the Ottoman empire. First regarded as a form of medicine, Turkish traders introduced coffee to Venice, where it was prescribed for digestive disorders. It was served in small, cold potions. London’s first coffee houses appeared in the 1650s, attracting customers with the advertised health benefits of the new beverage. However, not all were convinced. The 1674 Women’s Petition Against Coffee declared that too much coffee consumption weakened men and made them unproductive. Since the 1960s, mass surveys of coffee drinkers have shown different results of its impact. In 1991 the World Health Organization listed coffee as a possible cause of cancer, but in 2016 this conclusion was reversed (反转) as more studies have shown a larger number of positive outcomes being associated with coffee drinking. Following centuries on the defensive (处于守势), it may be time for coffee professionals to dust down those handbills and channel their inner Pasqua Rosée. 12. What was the main finding of the recent study mentioned in paragraph 1? A. Coffee has no impact on human function. B. Drinking coffee reduces the risk of bowel cancer. C. People with bowel cancer should avoid drinking coffee. D. Coffee has no effect on the return of bowel cancer. 13. Why does the writer mention the history of coffee consumption? A. To highlight the cultural significance of coffee in different regions. B. To emphasize the historical controversy around coffee’s health effects. C. To show coffee’s long-standing popularity and usage. D. To show the link between coffee’s origins and its medical applications. 14. Which is the most suitable title for this passage? A. The Dark Side of Coffee: A Hidden Cancer Risk B. The Bitter Drink: Coffee’s Secret in Being Popular C. Uncovering the Truth: Coffee’s Cancer-Fighting History D. Surprising History of Coffee: From Controversial Drink to Potential Cancer Cure 15. Which section of the journal might this article belong to? A. Health & fitness. B. Home & garden. C. History & Culture. D. Finance & investment. 【答案】12. B 13. B 14. D 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文的体裁是说明文。文章围绕关于咖啡对人类健康影响的研究发现和历史争议展开，结合了科学研究的结果与咖啡文化的介绍，旨在向公众普及咖啡与健康关系的最新认知，同时回顾了咖啡的社会文化历史。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。由第一段中“Last week a study was published showing that people with bowel cancer (肠癌) who drink coffee—quite a lot of coffee, two to four cups a day—were less likely to suffer a return of the disease. (上周发表的一项研究表明，患有肠癌的喝咖啡——相当多的咖啡，一天两到四杯——复发的可能性更小。)”可知，最近的研究主要发现是喝咖啡（每天两到四杯）能够降低肠癌复发的风险。故选B项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。由在第二段“The native peoples of the forests of Kaffa in south-west Ethiopia searched for berries (浆果) from wild coffee plants that were shipped across the Red Sea to prepare the decoction (煮出的汁) known as qahwa, which was used to reduce their desire for sleep. Once mainstream Islamic courts said coffee was not poisonous, consumption became widespread among the Muslim populations in the Middle East and the Ottoman empire. (埃塞俄比亚西南部Kaffa森林的土著居民从野生咖啡植物中寻找浆果，这些浆果被运到红海对岸，用来制作被称为qahwa的汤剂，用来减少他们的睡眠欲望。一旦主流伊斯兰法庭宣布咖啡无毒，咖啡的消费就在中东和奥斯曼帝国的穆斯林人群中广泛流行起来。)”可知，第二段介绍了咖啡的历史是为了强调历史上围绕咖啡健康影响的持续争议。故选B项。 【14题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段“Last week a study was published showing that people with bowel cancer (肠癌) who drink coffee—quite a lot of coffee, two to four cups a day—were less likely to suffer a return of the disease. Experts have said that if the results hold in further studies, coffee could be prescribed (开处方) to cancer patients on the NHS (National Health Service) . That coffee does have an effect on human function is no doubt—but whether that impact is beneficial or harmful has been controversial (有争议的) since its beginning in the mid-15th century. (上周发表的一项研究表明，患有肠癌的人喝咖啡——相当多的咖啡，一天两到四杯——复发的可能性更小。专家表示，如果进一步的研究结果成立，咖啡可能会被开给NHS（国民健康服务）的癌症患者。咖啡确实对人体机能有影响，这是毫无疑问的，但这种影响是有益的还是有害的，从15世纪中期开始就一直存在争议。)”和最后一段“Since the 1960s, mass surveys of coffee drinkers have shown different results of its impact. In 1991 the World Health Organization listed coffee as a possible cause of cancer, but in 2016 this conclusion was reversed (反转) as more studies have shown a larger number of positive outcomes being associated with coffee drinking. Following centuries on the defensive (处于守势), it may be time for coffee professionals to dust down those handbills and channel their inner Pasqua Rosée. (自20世纪60年代以来，对咖啡饮用者的大规模调查显示了其影响的不同结果。1991年，世界卫生组织将咖啡列为可能导致癌症的原因之一，但在2016年，这一结论被推翻了，因为越来越多的研究表明，喝咖啡会产生更多的积极结果。经过几个世纪的防御，也许是时候让咖啡专业人士掸去那些传单上的灰尘，引导他们内心的Pasqua Rosée了。)”可知，文章主要讨论了咖啡从被质疑可能致癌到被研究发现可能有助于预防肠癌复发的转变过程，穿插了咖啡的历史争议与应用。因此，最合适的标题是“Surprising History of Coffee: From Controversial Drink to Potential Cancer Cure (咖啡的惊人历史：从有争议的饮料到潜在的癌症治疗)”。故选D项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段“Last week a study was published showing that people with bowel cancer (肠癌) who drink coffee—quite a lot of coffee, two to four cups a day—were less likely to suffer a return of the disease. Experts have said that if the results hold in further studies, coffee could be prescribed (开处方) to cancer patients on the NHS (National Health Service) . That coffee does have an effect on human function is no doubt—but whether that impact is beneficial or harmful has been controversial (有争议的) since its beginning in the mid-15th century. (上周发表的一项研究表明，患有肠癌的人喝咖啡——相当多的咖啡，一天两到四杯——复发的可能性更小。专家表示，如果进一步的研究结果成立，咖啡可能会被开给NHS（国民健康服务）的癌症患者。咖啡确实对人体机能有影响，这是毫无疑问的，但这种影响是有益的还是有害的，从15世纪中期开始就一直存在争议。)”可知，文章主要涉及咖啡与健康的科学研究发现及其历史上的健康争议，因此最有可能出现在健康与健身相关的杂志板块。故选A项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多于选项。 Around 1830, the Romantic period slowly arose from the delicate form of the Classical period, expanding orchestral（管弦乐的）forces to express emotions and extra-musical ideas they had never expressed before. How was this possible? ____16____ Romantic Period Sound If you expect the music to have a regular, eight bar phrase（乐节）, think again. It might have irregular phrases to throw you off course, like in Schubert’s ‘Unfinished’ Symphony No. 8. ____17____ It may well be that composers like Mahler jump to an unexpected musical ending, like in his Symphony No. 2. If in doubt, be prepared to forget anything and everything you previously thought about music, and expect to be surprised, attracted, and amazed by the unexpected twists and turns of the Romantic period. Romantic Instruments As music grew more expressive, the standard orchestral instruments just weren’t rich enough for many Romantic composers. So, more were added, including the contrabassoon, bass clarinet and piccolo, xylophones, drums, celestes, harps, bells, and triangles. ____18____ Listen to how Tchaikovsky makes use of various instruments in the ‘Dance of the Sugar Plum Fairy’ in his ballet, The Nutcracker. Romantic Pieces Despite often being marked as a Classical period composer, Beethoven’s style really covered the two periods. His later works are pretty expansive, conjuring（变戏法般的）life, death, joy, peace, and even the concept of a universal brotherhood in the symphony of all symphonies, his choral Symphony No. 9, written in 1824. ____19____ It was a one-movement work evoking a story or poem, like Debussy’s dreamy Prélude à l’après-midi d’un faune or Dukas’ Sorcerer’s Apprentice. ____20____ They also expanded the orchestra to express the full range of human emotion through music. But, understandably, this over-indulgent expression had its critics（批判者）who favoured absolute music-music for music’s sake, without a programme or story-and these critics led music into the ever-diverse 20th Century period. A. Beethoven is the originator of the Romantic period. B. Learn more and listen to the best pieces with our guide. C. The period also saw the development of the tone poem. D. When it comes to the Romantic period, the bigger, the better. E. To make a conclusion, they had more free time to write music. F. If you thought the piece would end in the key it started in, think again. G. To summarize, romantic period composers used ever-increasing subject matter in their works. 【答案】16. B 17. F 18. D 19. C 20. G 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲的是浪漫主义时期在1830年左右慢慢兴起的原因。 【16题详解】 根据空前的“Around 1830, the Romantic period slowly arose from the delicate form of the Classical period, expanding orchestral(管弦乐的)forces to express emotions and extra-musical ideas they had never expressed before. How was this possible?(1830年左右，浪漫主义时期从古典主义时期的精致形式中慢慢兴起，扩大了管弦乐的力量，以表达他们以前从未表达过的情感和音乐以外的思想。这怎么可能呢?)”可知此处是在探索浪漫主义时期慢慢兴起的原因，根据后文“Romantic Period Sound(浪漫时期的声音)”以及“Romantic Instruments(浪漫的乐器)”可知后文讲的是浪漫主义时期慢慢兴起的原因，空处承上启下，所以空处应该指出接下就是浪漫主义兴起的原因，选项B Learn more and listen to the best pieces with our guide.(通过我们的指南了解更多并聆听最好的作品。)指出通过指南可以找到其中的原因，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选B项。 【17题详解】 根据本段标题“Romantic Period Sound(浪漫时期的声音)”以及空前“If you expect the music to have a regular, eight bar phrase(乐节), think again. It might have irregular phrases to throw you off course, like in Schubert’s ‘Unfinished’ Symphony No. 8.(如果你希望音乐有固定的八小节乐句，那就再想想吧。它可能会有不规则的短语让你偏离方向，比如舒伯特的未完成的第八交响曲。)”可知本段主要讲的是浪漫时期音乐的特点，指出浪漫时期的音乐不会有固定的八小节乐句，根据空后“It may well be that composers like Mahler jump to an unexpected musical ending, like in his Symphony No. 2. If in doubt, be prepared to forget anything and everything you previously thought about music, and expect to be surprised, attracted, and amazed by the unexpected twists and turns of the Romantic period.(像Mahler这样的作曲家很可能会跳到一个意想不到的音乐结尾，就像他的第二交响曲一样。如果有疑问，请准备好忘记你之前对音乐的一切想法，并期待着被浪漫主义时期意想不到的曲折所震惊、吸引和惊叹。)”可知此处以作曲家Mahler的作品为例，来说明音乐不是都有固定的八小节乐句，而是可能会跳到一个意想不到的结尾，空处承上启下，所以空处应该接着上文讲舒伯特的第八交响曲并不是像我们所想的以开始的调子结束，F项If you thought the piece would end in the key it started in, think again.(如果你认为这首曲子会以它开始时的调子结束，再想想。)指出舒伯特的第八交响曲并不是固定的音乐八小节乐句，承接上文，引出下文，而且F项中的the piece指代上文的Schubert’s ‘Unfinished’ Symphony No. 8.，符合上下文语境。故选F项。 【18题详解】 根据小标题“Romantic Instruments(浪漫的乐器)”以及“As music grew more expressive, the standard orchestral instruments just weren’t rich enough for many Romantic composers. So, more were added, including the contrabassoon, bass clarinet and piccolo, xylophones, drums, celestes, harps, bells, and triangles.(随着音乐的表现力越来越强，标准的管弦乐乐器对许多浪漫主义作曲家来说不够丰富。因此，更多的乐器加入进来，包括低音巴松管，低音单簧管和短笛，木琴，鼓，天琴，竖琴，铃铛和三角铁。)”可知本段主要讲的是浪漫主义时期的乐器的品种是多样的，根据空后“Listen to how Tchaikovsky makes use of various instruments in the ‘Dance of the Sugar Plum Fairy’ in his ballet, The Nutcracker.(听听柴可夫斯基在他的芭蕾舞剧《胡桃夹子》中的“糖梅仙女之舞”是如何使用各种乐器的。)”可知此处以柴可夫斯基芭蕾舞剧《胡桃夹子》中的“糖梅仙女之舞”为例来说明浪漫主义时期的乐器是多种多样的，空处承上启下，所以空处应该接着上文讲这个时期乐器的特点，D项When it comes to the Romantic period, the bigger, the better.(说到浪漫主义时期，越大越好。)指出浪漫主义时期乐器的特点是越大越好，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选D项。 【19题详解】 根据空前“Despite often being marked as a Classical period composer, Beethoven’s style really covered the two periods. His later works are pretty expansive, conjuring(变戏法般的)life, death, joy, peace, and even the concept of a universal brotherhood in the symphony of all symphonies, his choral Symphony No. 9, written in 1824.(尽管经常被认为是古典时期的作曲家，但贝多芬的风格确实涵盖了这两个时期。他后来的作品相当广泛，在他1824年创作的合唱《第9号交响曲》中，让人联想到生命、死亡、欢乐、和平，甚至还有普世兄弟情谊的概念。)”指出贝多芬的作品涵盖了古典和浪漫两个时期的风格以及他的《第9号交响曲》的特点，根据空后“It was a one-movement work evoking a story or poem, like Debussy’s dreamy Prélude à l’après-midi d’un faune or Dukas’ Sorcerer’s Apprentice.(这是一部单乐章作品，让人想起一个故事或一首诗，就像Debussy梦幻般的Prélude à l’après-midi d’un faune or Dukas’Sorcerer’s Apprentice。)指出Debussy作品让人想起一个故事或一首诗，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是这个时期的作品会让人想起一个故事或一首诗，C项“The period also saw the development of the tone poem.(这一时期也见证了交响诗的发展。)”指出这一时期见证了交响诗的发展，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选C项。 【20题详解】 根据空后“They also expanded the orchestra to express the full range of human emotion through music. But, understandably, this over-indulgent expression had its critics(批判者)who favoured absolute music-music for music’s sake, without a programme or story-and these critics led music into the ever-diverse 20th Century period.(他们还扩大了管弦乐队，通过音乐来表达人类的全部情感。但是，可以理解的是，这种过分放纵的表达方式也有批评者，他们喜欢纯粹的音乐——为音乐而音乐，没有节目或故事——这些批评者将音乐带入了日益多样化的20世纪。)”指出浪漫主义时期音乐家们还扩大了管弦乐队，通过音乐来表达人类的全部情感，所以空处也应该是与作曲家们有关的总结性的内容，而且由空后的They可知空处一定会提到they的具体指代即 these composers，G项To summarize, romantic period composers used ever-increasing subject matter in their works.(总之，浪漫主义时期的作曲家在他们的作品中使用了越来越多的主题。)指出浪漫主义时期的作曲家在他们的作品中使用了越来越多的主题，对上文进行了总结，而且此处的romantic period composers就是空后的they，符合上下文语境。故选G项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 After being poorly bred (饲养) by a backyard breeder. Stevie was ____21____ at a rescue. She was born ____22____, so her breeder had no ____23____ to sell her. As soon as Stevie’s parents became aware of her situation, they immediately offered to ____24____ her. Her eyes were infected (感染) badly and she had congenital glaucoma (先天性背光眼). Since she never had ____25____ to begin with, the vet (兽医) decided to ____26____ her eyes to relieve pain. Slowly, she started to heal from all the trauma (创伤) she had been through. Her adopt (收养) parents became more and more ____27____ to her. A ____28____ was made that Stevie would stay as a family member for the rest of her life. She now lives an adventure-packed life with her pup friends. Stevie has no problems ____29____ as she gradually learned to “feel” her way. She enjoys hikes, camping trips, and even helps other adopted dogs feel _____30_____ in her home. Stevie has shown people that a dog with a(n)_____31_____ can live a healthy and happy lifestyle. Eventually, the family also tuned to The Endless Pawsabilities Rescue Society for help. The Endless Pawsabilities Rescue Society is a non-profit organization _____32_____ to animal welfare (福利). Furthermore, they actively support North American rescue and adoption _____33_____. Stevie’s story became a beacon (灯塔) of hope for countless animals in need. She became a(n)_____34_____ of the unbreakable spirit that animals possess. _____35_____ everyone that every pet, regardless of their challenges, deserves a loving home. 21. A. bought B. abandoned C. attacked D. disliked 22. A. deaf B. unhappy C. blind D. broken 23. A. reason B. secret C. course D. clue 24. A. buy B. forgive C. sell D. keep 25. A. ability B. sight C. hearing D. sense 26. A. cover B. remove C. widen D. reduce 27. A. equal B. closed C. attached D. cruel 28. A. wish B. notice C. movement D. decision 29. A. going away B. getting over C. getting around D. going through 30. A. active B. popular C. confident D. comfortable 31. A. disability B. specialty C. difference D. interest 32. A. admitted B. used C. addicted D. devoted 33. A. performances B. efforts C. battles D. answers 34. A. symbol B. signal C. imagination D. fact 35. A. pushing B. helping C. proposing D. reminding 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一只天生有残疾的狗从她所经历的所有创伤中恢复过来，成为了动物坚不可摧的精神的象征，提醒着每个人，每只宠物，不管遇到什么挑战，都值得拥有一个充满爱的家。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在被后院的饲养员饲养不当后，史蒂夫被遗弃在一个救援机构。A. bought购买；B. abandoned抛弃；C. attacked攻击；D. disliked不喜欢。根据上文“After being poorly bred by a backyard breeder”可知，史蒂夫被饲养不当，于是被抛弃在了救援机构。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她生来就双目失明，所以她的饲养员没办法卖掉她。A. deaf聋的；B. unhappy不快乐的；C. blind盲的；D. broken破碎的。根据后文“Her eyes were infected badly and she had congenital glaucoma.(她的眼睛感染严重，患有先天性青光眼)”可知，她先天失明。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她生来就双目失明，所以她的饲养员没有理由卖掉她。A. reason理由；B. secret秘密；C. course课程，处理方法；D. clue线索。根据上文“so her breeder had no”可知，因为有残疾，所以她的饲养员没有理由卖掉她。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：史蒂夫的父母一知道她的情况，就立即提出要留下她。A. buy购买；B. forgive原谅；C. sell出售；D. keep保留。根据后文“Her adopt parents”指史蒂夫被留下收养。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于她从一开始就没有视力，兽医决定把她的眼睛摘除以减轻疼痛。A. ability能力；B. sight视力；C. hearing听力；D. sense感觉。根据上文“Her eyes were infected badly and she had congenital glaucoma.”可知，她从一开始就没有视力，故选B。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于她从一开始就没有视力，兽医决定把她的眼睛摘除以减轻疼痛。A. cover覆盖；B. remove去除；C. widen变宽；D. reduce减少。根据后文“her eyes to relieve pain”可知，兽医决定把她的眼睛摘除以减轻疼痛。故选B。 27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的养父母越来越喜爱她了。A. equal相等的；B. closed关闭的；C. attached喜爱的；D. cruel残酷的。根据后文“Stevie would stay as a family member for the rest of her life.”可知，收养人十分喜爱她。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她们决定，史蒂维将作为一个家庭成员度过她的余生。A. wish希望；B. notice通知；C. movement运动；D. decision决定。根据后文“Stevie would stay as a family member for the rest of her life.”指他们决定史蒂维将作为一个家庭成员度过她的余生，短语make a decision表示“做决定”。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：斯蒂维在四处走动时没有任何问题，因为她逐渐学会了“摸索”自己的路。A. going away离开；B. getting over克服；C. getting around四处走动；D. going through经历。根据后文“she gradually learned to “feel” her way”指四处走动没有问题。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她喜欢远足、露营，甚至帮助其他被收养的狗在她家里感到舒适。A. active活跃的；B. popular流行的；C. confident自信的；D. comfortable舒服的。根据上文“even helps other adopted dogs feel”指史蒂夫帮助其他被收养的狗在她家里感到舒适。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：史蒂夫向人们展示了一只有严重残疾的狗也能过上健康快乐的生活。A. disability残疾；B. specialty专业；C. difference差异；D. interest兴趣。根据上文可知史蒂夫没有视力，有残疾。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：The Endless Pawsabilities Rescue Society是一个致力于动物福利的非营利组织。A. admitted承认；B. used使用；C. addicted沉迷；D. devoted奉献，致力。根据后文“to animal welfare”可知，这是一个致力于动物福利的非营利组织。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：此外，他们积极支持北美的救援和收养工作。A. performances表演；B. efforts尝试，努力；C. battles战斗；D. answers回答。根据上文“they actively support North American rescue and adoption”指积极支持北美的救援和收养工作、尝试（efforts）。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她成为了动物坚不可摧的精神的象征，提醒着每个人，每只宠物，不管遇到什么挑战，都值得拥有一个充满爱的家。A. symbol象征；B. signal信号；C. imagination想象力；D. fact事实。根据后文“of the unbreakable spirit that animals possess”指史蒂夫成为了动物坚不可摧的精神的象征，故选A。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她成为了动物坚不可摧的精神的象征，提醒着每个人，每只宠物，不管遇到什么挑战，都值得拥有一个充满爱的家。A. pushing推动；B. helping帮助；C. proposing提议；D. reminding提醒。根据上文“Stevie’s story became a beacon of hope for countless animals in need.(史蒂夫的故事成为无数需要帮助的动物的希望灯塔)”可知，史蒂夫的故事提醒着每个人，每只宠物，不管遇到什么挑战，都值得拥有一个充满爱的家。故选D。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Recent years have seen the ___36___ (increase) popularity of micro-dramas, considered by the National Radio and Television Administration as web series with episodes (一集) often ___37___ (last) only a few minutes. The short episodes ___38___ (show) mostly through online media like WeChat mini-programs and social media. In comparison to traditional way of storytelling, micro-dramas have some special features like clear themes, ___39___ (concentrate) storylines, and reverse (反向的) story styles. Over the past decade, the rapid development of mobile internet in China ___40___ (lead) to the growth of various forms of entertainment and business. ___41___ shortness of micro-dramas allows audiences to enjoy the episodes without wasting much energy and time, thus ___42___ (result) in a pleasurable viewing experience. Their easy approachability contributes to their widespread acceptance, from public transportation to elevators, ___43___ improves the smooth reception of popular artistic content. However, micro-dramas are not problem-free, including content violence and other ___44___ (healthy) behaviors, all hunting for higher clicks and viewership. ____45____ (ensure) the high-quality growth of this industry, content observation needs to be strengthened. 【答案】36. increasing 37. lasting 38. are showed 39. concentrated 40. has led 41. The 42. resulting 43. and 44. unhealthy 45. To ensure 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了近年来，微剧越来越受欢迎，国家广播电视总局认为微剧是一种网络剧，每集通常只有几分钟。短剧集主要通过微信小程序和社交媒体等网络媒体播出。 【36题详解】 考查形容词。句意：近年来，微剧越来越受欢迎，国家广播电视总局认为微剧是一种网络剧，每集通常只有几分钟。修饰名词popularity应用形容词increasing。故填increasing。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：近年来，微剧越来越受欢迎，国家广播电视总局认为微剧是一种网络剧，每集通常只有几分钟。此处last与episodes构成主动关系，故用现在分词作宾补。故填lasting。 【38题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：短剧集主要通过微信小程序和社交媒体等网络媒体播出。主语episodes与谓语构成被动关系，且陈述事实用一般现在时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故填are showed。 【39题详解】 考查形容词。句意：与传统的叙事方式相比，微剧具有主题清晰、故事情节集中、故事风格倒转等特点。修饰名词storylines应用形容词concentrated。故填concentrated。 【40题详解】 考查时态。句意：在过去的十年里，中国移动互联网的快速发展带动了各种形式的娱乐和商业的增长。根据上文Over the past decade可知为现在完成时，主语为the rapid development of mobile internet，助动词用has。故填has led。 【41题详解】 考查冠词。句意：微剧的短时间让观众在不浪费太多精力和时间的情况下欣赏剧集，从而产生愉悦的观看体验。此处特指微剧的短时间应用定冠词，首字母大写。故填The。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：微剧的短时间让观众在不浪费太多精力和时间的情况下欣赏剧集，从而产生愉悦的观看体验。固定短语thus doing sth.表示“从而……”，故填resulting。 【43题详解】 考查连词。句意：从公共交通到电梯，它们的易接近性使它们被广泛接受，并提高了流行艺术内容的顺利接受。improves与contributes to是并列谓语，应用并列连词and，故填and。 【44题详解】 考查形容词。句意：然而，微剧也不是没有问题，包括内容暴力和其他不健康的行为，都在追求更高的点击量和收视率。根据上文content violence可知应用形容词unhealthy，表示“不健康的”，作定语。故填unhealthy。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：为保证该行业的高质量增长，需要加强内容观察。此处ensure在句中作目的状语，应用不定式，首字母大写。故填To ensure。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，校英文报组织了“我所做的一顿饭”的征文活动，请你写一篇文章投稿，内容包括： （1）这顿饭的内容、过程；（2）选择描写这顿饭的理由。 注意：（1）写作词数应为80左右； （2）请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The Meal I Cooked ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 The Meal I Cooked Last week, I cooked a meal for my mother. First, I put a certain amount of rice and water into the rice cooker, and then I started cooking dishes. The first dish was Stir-fried tomato and scrambled eggs, which is the dish I am good at. Then I made my mother’s favorite dish, Kung Pao chicken. It took me a lot of time before finishing this dish. Finally, I also made a soup. When my mother came back to taste the dishes I made, she said, “It’s so delicious,and I’m proud of you.” Through this meal, I learn about my mother’s hard work and I realize that I am old enough to share some household chores. Those are also the reasons why I will insist on cooking in the future. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇文章参加校英文报组织了“我所做的一顿饭”的征文活动。内容包括：这顿饭的内容、过程和选择描写这顿饭的理由。 【详解】1.词汇积累 开始：start→begin 擅长于：be good at→do well in 完成：finish→accomplish 感到骄傲：be proud of→take pride in 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：It took me a lot of time before finishing this dish. 拓展句：It took me a lot of time before I finished this dish. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Through this meal, I learn about my mother’s hard work and I realize that I am old enough to share some household chores.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】Those are also the reasons why I will insist on cooking in the future.（运用了why引导的定语从句） 第二节 （满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 What had seemed like a good idea two weeks ago was turning into one of the most unforgettable experiences of Katie’s life. She looked through the heavy black curtains and then quickly turned her head back into the backstage. “She’s out there,” Katie breathed to Mila and Renee. “They’re all out there.” “They,” of course, were the five members of The Crystal Wolves, the greatest rock band in the world. Lead guitarist and singer Eddie Kaye was arguably the most well-known band member, but he was nothing compared to Molly Lee, the band’s bassist and only female. Katie opened the curtains again, marveling(惊叹)at the fact that THE Molly Lee, wearing a surprisingly cool pair of tortoiseshell eyeglasses, was actually in Katie’s hometown. Just the thought of it made Katie feel extremely excited. The Crystal Wolves were touring(巡回演唱)the Midwest, and they were looking for a local act to give an opening act (主要节目前的垫场) for them at the theatre that evening. Katie, Mila, and Renee had practiced again and again over the past two weeks. Katie slung her bass (低音吉他) over her shoulder and silently ran through their song in her head, pressing her fingers to the appropriate strings and tapping her foot to the beat. There were three bands ahead of them. The first two groups were quite good, especially the pop band of some college students. This brought Katie into worries. But the third group’s boring song lifted Katie’s spirits, and a feeling of confidence settled into the base of her spine(脊柱)as the third band ahead of them walked down the stage. Heads up and shoulders back, Katie and her friends took the stage to a handful of applause. The performance was not satisfactory. Before they knew it, Katie, Mila, and Renee were hustled(催促)down the stage by an impatient stage manager wearing a large headset. The three sat in a comer for an painful hour before the final votes were tallied (计算). 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 It turned out that the winner was not them but the pop band of college students. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ “You guys deserve an opening act too” a cheerful female voice said over Katie’s shoulder. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 It turned out that the winner was not them but the pop band of college students. Katie felt a mix of disappointment and admiration as she watched the group receive their well-deserved accolades. They had truly outshone them with their catchy tunes and energetic performance. Just as Katie was about to stand up and congratulate the winners, a sudden announcement from the stage manager caught her attention. “Ladies and gentlemen, we have a special treat for you tonight. The Crystal Wolves have decided to invite one of the runners-up to join them on stage for a jam session!” The crowd erupted in cheers, and Katie’s heart skipped a beat. Could it be? “You guys deserve an opening act too,” a cheerful female voice said over Katie’s shoulder. She turned around to find Molly Lee standing there, a warm smile on her face. Katie’s eyes widened in disbelief. “We...we do?” she stammered. Molly nodded, her eyes sparkling with excitement. “Absolutely. Your energy and passion on stage were contagious. We’d love to have you up there with us.” Katie felt her heart swell with joy. She exchanged a look with Mila and Renee, who were equally stunned but overjoyed. As they took their places on stage beside The Crystal Wolves, Katie knew that this would be an experience she would never forget. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了凯蒂喜欢的乐队来到了她的故乡，同时他们正在寻找一个当地的表演为他们当晚在剧院开场，在过去的两个星期里，凯蒂、米拉和蕾妮一遍又一遍地练习。虽然最后没能胜出，但还是被邀请上台表演，她十分高兴。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“结果，获胜者不是她们，而是大学生的流行乐队”可知，第一段可描写凯蒂看到其他乐队获胜时的感受。 ②由第二段首句内容“‘你们也应该有开场表演，’凯蒂身后传来一个欢快的女声。”可知，第二段可描写凯蒂她们被邀请上台演出。 2.续写线索：公布结果——感到失望——特别节目——被邀请上台——凯蒂感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①吸引：catch/draw ②超越：outshine/surpass ③决定做某事：decide to do/make up one’s mind to do 情绪类 ①激动：excitement/thrill ②吃惊的：stunned/shocked 【点睛】[高分句型1] Just as Katie was about to stand up and congratulate the winners, a sudden announcement from the stage manager caught her attention. (运用了as引导时间状语从句) [高分句型2] She exchanged a look with Mila and Renee, who were equally stunned but overjoyed. (运用了who引导非限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 常州市联盟学校2023—2024学年度第二学期学情调研 高一年级期末试卷 2024.06 注意：本试卷分四个部分，答案全部做在答题纸上。总分为150分。考试时间120分钟。 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is the woman going to do? A. Find a taxi. B. Get some water. C. Wait for the man. 2. Who is the woman probably? A A teacher. B. A job adviser. C. An officer. 3. Why doesn’t the man try some strawberry cake? A. He no longer likes it. B. He is trying to lose weight C. He is going to buy some himself. 4. What does the man dislike? A. Working online. B. Meeting Amy’s mom. C. Footprints on the floor. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. An accident. B. School papers. C. Traffic rules. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。 6. Why does Victor sound angry? A. Laura is late. B. Laura doesn’t let him in. C. Laura won’t wait for him. 7. What will Laura do? A. Try on her new dress. B. See a fashion show. C. Go shopping. 听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。 8. What has the man been busy doing recently? A. Raising money. B. Having meetings. C. Preparing a picnic party. 9. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a bank. B. In a boat. C. In a meeting room. 听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。 10. How long does the trial period last? A. 18 days. B. 1 month. C. 3 months. 11. What is the man’s attitude towards the woman? A. Rude. B. Patient. C. Polite. 12. What do we know about the woman? A. She is a trainer. B. She has a working visa. C. She might work as a waitress. 听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。 13. How does the woman sound in the beginning? A. Angry. B. A bit excited. C. Disappointed. 14. Who was chosen to play Mimi at first? A. The man’s friend. B. The woman. C. Sheila. 15. When will the meeting on environment start? A. At 6:00 this Tuesday. B. At 8:00 this Friday. C. At 6:00 next Tuesday. 16. What will the woman do next? A. Prepare for the performance. B. Invite casting people and agents. C. Persuade the man to watch the show. 听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。 17. What can you get after pressing 2? A. Film showing times. B. Directions to the cinema. C. An advanced booking. 18. How much does a ticket cost a 13-year-old girl? A. $6.50. B. $5.00. C. $4.50. 19. Which group is a family ticket available for? A. Two adults and two children. B. One adult and four children. C. Two adults and three children. 20. What should you do to hear the choices again? A. Press 0. B. Press 1. C. Press 3. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Scientists play a crucial role in advancing technology and improving our quality of life. Consider the work of Marie Curie, who discovered radium and polonium, opening up new frontiers in the field of radioactivity and laying the foundation for modern nuclear medicine. Her research has led to the development of life-saving treatments and diagnostic (诊断的) tools that have benefited countless patients. Another remarkable scientist is Albert Einstein. His theory of relativity changed our understanding of the universe, challenging conventional wisdom and inspiring countless subsequent studies in physics. This has not only deepened our knowledge of the cosmos but also led to technological advancements such as GPS navigation, which relies on the principles of relativity for correct positioning. Isaac Newton’s laws of motion and universal gravitation provided a framework for understanding the physical world and paved the way for modern engineering and aerospace technology The applications of his theories are obvious in everything from the construction of buildings to the launch of satellites. Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection transformed our understanding of the diversity of life on Earth. It has had far-reaching implications in fields such as genetics, ecology, and conservation biology, guiding our efforts to protect and preserve the natural world. Nikola Tesla’s contributions to electrical engineering, particularly in the development of alternating current (交流电), have powered our modern world. Without his innovations, our reliance on electricity for lighting, communication, and countless other applications would be severely limited. 1. Who discovered radium and polonium? A. Albert Einstein. B. Isaac Newton. C. Marie Curie. D. Charles Darwin. 2. Which of the following is a major and biggest difference between Albert Einstein and Isaac Newton? A The field of science they mainly contributed to. B. Their nationality. C. The century in which they did their research. D. Their educational background. 3. Which of the following is a common feature shared by all the scientists mentioned? A. They all made their discoveries in the 20th century. B. They were all from the same country. C. They all faced significant opposition to their work during their lifetimes. D. They all had a deep and lasting impact on the advancement of science and human knowledge. B My childhood memory is closely connected with hunger. Unable to provide enough food to feed its ever-increasing population, the People’s Republic had to adopt a food ration (定量) system to ensure equal supply of food for three decades—the ration for an adult in an urban area was 15 kilograms of wheat, rice, com or sorghum per month. Many young people today might not understand why I’m talking about hunger when an adult’s monthly quota for food grains was 15kg, especially because half of that would perhaps be enough for them for a month. But that’s all an adult could consume up to the 1970s, because cooking oil, meat, eggs and sugar were strictly controlled. Although the ration system ensured everybody had a share of the available food and prevented starvation deaths, it led to malnutrition (营养不良) among people of every age. On launching reform and opening-up. China realized a major reason for food shortage was farmers not getting their rightful due under the system then. So the government distributed the collectively-owned farmlands to households and farmers. Within years, the farm yield almost doubled, helping China to abandon the food rationing system in 1993. Now, enough food supply and much money have changed Chinese people’s dietary habits. Many youths refuse to learn cooking, arguing that they can source their meals from restaurants or take-out outlets. As a result, one can see thousands of electric bike riders zigzagging the streets to deliver breakfast, lunch or dinner. Paradoxically, Chinn is now battling over-nutrition. One would be lucky to not find a few overweight boys and girls in a class. When I meet with my former classmates, many of whom are overweight or suffering from over-nutrition-related illnesses, we sometimes talk about the “good old food ration days” when almost no one needed to worry about controlling weight. 4. What is the main purpose of China’s adopting a food ration system? A. To feed enough food to people. B. To ensure less waste of food. C. To avoid increase of population. D. To fight against food shortage. 5. What can we infer from paragraph 2? A. Lacking other nutrition made 15kg food grains not enough for an adult. B. Young people today consume less food grains to avoid overweight problem. C. People in poverty had no access to oil, meat, eggs and sugar in the 1970s. D. The farm yield almost doubled with the development of faring technology. 6. What does the underlined word “Paradoxically” in Paragraph 5 most probably mean? A. Consequently. B. Unexpectedly. C. Similarly. D. Reasonably. 7. Why does the author write the article? A. To suggest our country adopting food ration again. B. To advise people to have enough food. C. To record the change in the development of society. D. To introduce a healthy lifestyle to young people. C Playing music requires fine motor skills, which are controlled in both hemispheres (大脑半球) of the brain. It also combines language and mathematics, which the left hemisphere is more involved in, with the novel and creative content that the right does well in. For these reasons, playing music has been found to increase the volume and activity in the brain’s corpus callosum (胼胝体), the bridge between the two hemispheres, allowing messages to get across the brain faster and through more different ways. This may allow musicians to solve problems more effectively and creatively, in both academic and social settings. Because making music also involves creating and understanding its emotional content and message, musicians often have higher levels of decision-making function, a category of interlinked tasks that includes planning, strategizing, and attention to detail and requires immediate analysis of both cognitive (认知的) and emotional aspects. This ability also has an impact on how our memory systems work. And, indeed, musicians exhibit better memory functions, creating, storing, and retrieving memories more quickly and efficiently. Studies have found that musicians appear to use their highly connected brains to give each memory multiple tags (标签), such as a conceptual tag, an emotional tag, an audio tag, and a contextual tag, like a good Internet search engine. How do we know that all these benefits are unique to music, as opposed to, say, sports or painting? Or could it be that people who go into music were already smarter to begin with? Neuroscientists have explored these issues, but so far, they have found that the artistic and aesthetic aspects of learning to play a musical instrument are different from any other activity studied, including other arts. And several randomized (随机的) studies of participants, who showed the same levels of cognitive function and neural processing at the start, found mat those who were exposed to a period of music learning showed improvement in multiple brain areas, compared to the others. 8. Which of the following could be the best title for the passage? A. The Connection Between Music and Brain Activity. B. The Secret of Musicians’ Success. C. How Music Changes Our Lives. D. The Impact of Music on Motor Skills. 9 What does playing music increase in the brain? A. The size of the left hemisphere. B. The size of the right hemisphere. C. The volume and activity in the brain’s corpus callosum. D. The number of neural connections in the front part of brain. 10. What have neuroscientists found about-the benefits of playing music? A. They are not unique. B. They are the same as those of sports. C. They are the same as those of painting. D. They are different from any other activity studied. 11. What did the randomized studies find about those exposed to music learning? A. They had worse cognitive function. B. They showed no improvement in brain areas. C. They showed improvement in duty brain area. D. They showed improvement in multiple brain areas. D Last week a study was published showing that people with bowel cancer (肠癌) who drink coffee — quite a lot of coffee, two to four cups a day — were less likely to suffer a return of the disease. Experts have said that if the results hold in further studies, coffee could be prescribed (开处方) to cancer patients on the NHS (National Health Service) . That coffee does have an effect on human function is no doubt — but whether that impact is beneficial or harmful has been controversial (有争议的) since its beginning in the mid-15th century. The native peoples of the forests of Kaffa in south-west Ethiopia searched for berries (浆果) from wild coffee plants that were shipped across the Red Sea to prepare the decoction (煮出的汁) known as qahwa, which was used to reduce their desire for sleep. Once mainstream Islamic courts said coffee was not poisonous, consumption became widespread among the Muslim populations in the Middle East and the Ottoman empire. First regarded as a form of medicine, Turkish traders introduced coffee to Venice, where it was prescribed for digestive disorders. It was served in small, cold potions. London’s first coffee houses appeared in the 1650s, attracting customers with the advertised health benefits of the new beverage. However, not all were convinced. The 1674 Women’s Petition Against Coffee declared that too much coffee consumption weakened men and made them unproductive. Since the 1960s, mass surveys of coffee drinkers have shown different results of its impact. In 1991 the World Health Organization listed coffee as a possible cause of cancer, but in 2016 this conclusion was reversed (反转) as more studies have shown a larger number of positive outcomes being associated with coffee drinking. Following centuries on the defensive (处于守势), it may be time for coffee professionals to dust down those handbills and channel their inner Pasqua Rosée. 12. What was the main finding of the recent study mentioned in paragraph 1? A. Coffee has no impact on human function. B. Drinking coffee reduces the risk of bowel cancer. C. People with bowel cancer should avoid drinking coffee. D. Coffee has no effect on the return of bowel cancer. 13. Why does the writer mention the history of coffee consumption? A. To highlight the cultural significance of coffee in different regions. B. To emphasize the historical controversy around coffee’s health effects. C. To show coffee’s long-standing popularity and usage. D. To show the link between coffee’s origins and its medical applications. 14. Which is the most suitable title for this passage? A. The Dark Side of Coffee: A Hidden Cancer Risk B. The Bitter Drink: Coffee’s Secret in Being Popular C. Uncovering the Truth: Coffee’s Cancer-Fighting History D Surprising History of Coffee: From Controversial Drink to Potential Cancer Cure 15. Which section of the journal might this article belong to? A. Health & fitness. B. Home & garden. C. History & Culture. D. Finance & investment. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多于选项。 Around 1830, the Romantic period slowly arose from the delicate form of the Classical period, expanding orchestral（管弦乐的）forces to express emotions and extra-musical ideas they had never expressed before. How was this possible? ____16____ Romantic Period Sound If you expect the music to have a regular, eight bar phrase（乐节）, think again. It might have irregular phrases to throw you off course, like in Schubert’s ‘Unfinished’ Symphony No. 8. ____17____ It may well be that composers like Mahler jump to an unexpected musical ending, like in his Symphony No. 2. If in doubt, be prepared to forget anything and everything you previously thought about music, and expect to be surprised, attracted, and amazed by the unexpected twists and turns of the Romantic period. Romantic Instruments As music grew more expressive, the standard orchestral instruments just weren’t rich enough for many Romantic composers. So, more were added, including the contrabassoon, bass clarinet and piccolo, xylophones, drums, celestes, harps, bells, and triangles. ____18____ Listen to how Tchaikovsky makes use of various instruments in the ‘Dance of the Sugar Plum Fairy’ in his ballet, The Nutcracker. Romantic Pieces Despite often being marked as a Classical period composer, Beethoven’s style really covered the two periods. His later works are pretty expansive, conjuring（变戏法般的）life, death, joy, peace, and even the concept of a universal brotherhood in the symphony of all symphonies, his choral Symphony No. 9, written in 1824. ____19____ It was a one-movement work evoking a story or poem, like Debussy’s dreamy Prélude à l’après-midi d’un faune or Dukas’ Sorcerer’s Apprentice. ____20____ They also expanded the orchestra to express the full range of human emotion through music. But, understandably, this over-indulgent expression had its critics（批判者）who favoured absolute music-music for music’s sake, without a programme or story-and these critics led music into the ever-diverse 20th Century period. A. Beethoven is the originator of the Romantic period. B. Learn more and listen to the best pieces with our guide. C. The period also saw the development of the tone poem. D. When it comes to the Romantic period, the bigger, the better. E. To make a conclusion, they had more free time to write music. F. If you thought the piece would end in the key it started in, think again. G. To summarize, romantic period composers used ever-increasing subject matter in their works. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 After being poorly bred (饲养) by a backyard breeder. Stevie was ____21____ at a rescue. She was born ____22____, so her breeder had no ____23____ to sell her. As soon as Stevie’s parents became aware of her situation, they immediately offered to ____24____ her. Her eyes were infected (感染) badly and she had congenital glaucoma (先天性背光眼). Since she never had ____25____ to begin with, the vet (兽医) decided to ____26____ her eyes to relieve pain. Slowly, she started to heal from all the trauma (创伤) she had been through. Her adopt (收养) parents became more and more ____27____ to her. A ____28____ was made that Stevie would stay as a family member for the rest of her life. She now lives an adventure-packed life with her pup friends. Stevie has no problems ____29____ as she gradually learned to “feel” her way. She enjoys hikes, camping trips, and even helps other adopted dogs feel _____30_____ in her home. Stevie has shown people that a dog with a(n)_____31_____ can live a healthy and happy lifestyle. Eventually, the family also tuned to The Endless Pawsabilities Rescue Society for help. The Endless Pawsabilities Rescue Society is a non-profit organization _____32_____ to animal welfare (福利). Furthermore, they actively support North American rescue and adoption _____33_____. Stevie’s story became a beacon (灯塔) of hope for countless animals in need. She became a(n)_____34_____ of the unbreakable spirit that animals possess. _____35_____ everyone that every pet, regardless of their challenges, deserves a loving home. 21. A. bought B. abandoned C. attacked D. disliked 22. A. deaf B. unhappy C. blind D. broken 23. A. reason B. secret C. course D. clue 24. A. buy B. forgive C. sell D. keep 25. A. ability B. sight C. hearing D. sense 26. A. cover B. remove C. widen D. reduce 27. A. equal B. closed C. attached D. cruel 28. A. wish B. notice C. movement D. decision 29. A. going away B. getting over C. getting around D. going through 30. A. active B. popular C. confident D. comfortable 31. A. disability B. specialty C. difference D. interest 32. A. admitted B. used C. addicted D. devoted 33. A. performances B. efforts C. battles D. answers 34. A. symbol B. signal C. imagination D. fact 35. A. pushing B. helping C. proposing D. reminding 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Recent years have seen the ___36___ (increase) popularity of micro-dramas, considered by the National Radio and Television Administration as web series with episodes (一集) often ___37___ (last) only a few minutes. The short episodes ___38___ (show) mostly through online media like WeChat mini-programs and social media. In comparison to traditional way of storytelling, micro-dramas have some special features like clear themes, ___39___ (concentrate) storylines, and reverse (反向的) story styles. Over the past decade, the rapid development of mobile internet in China ___40___ (lead) to the growth of various forms of entertainment and business. ___41___ shortness of micro-dramas allows audiences to enjoy the episodes without wasting much energy and time, thus ___42___ (result) in a pleasurable viewing experience. Their easy approachability contributes to their widespread acceptance, from public transportation to elevators, ___43___ improves the smooth reception of popular artistic content. However, micro-dramas are not problem-free, including content violence and other ___44___ (healthy) behaviors, all hunting for higher clicks and viewership. ____45____ (ensure) the high-quality growth of this industry, content observation needs to be strengthened. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，校英文报组织了“我所做的一顿饭”的征文活动，请你写一篇文章投稿，内容包括： （1）这顿饭的内容、过程；（2）选择描写这顿饭的理由。 注意：（1）写作词数应为80左右； （2）请在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The Meal I Cooked ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 （满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 What had seemed like a good idea two weeks ago was turning into one of the most unforgettable experiences of Katie’s life. She looked through the heavy black curtains and then quickly turned her head back into the backstage. “She’s out there,” Katie breathed to Mila and Renee. “They’re all out there.” “They,” of course, were the five members of The Crystal Wolves, the greatest rock band in the world. Lead guitarist and singer Eddie Kaye was arguably the most well-known band member, but he was nothing compared to Molly Lee, the band’s bassist and only female. Katie opened the curtains again, marveling(惊叹)at the fact that THE Molly Lee, wearing a surprisingly cool pair of tortoiseshell eyeglasses, was actually in Katie’s hometown. Just the thought of it made Katie feel extremely excited. The Crystal Wolves were touring(巡回演唱)the Midwest, and they were looking for a local act to give an opening act (主要节目前的垫场) for them at the theatre that evening. Katie, Mila, and Renee had practiced again and again over the past two weeks. Katie slung her bass (低音吉他) over her shoulder and silently ran through their song in her head, pressing her fingers to the appropriate strings and tapping her foot to the beat. There were three bands ahead of them. The first two groups were quite good, especially the pop band of some college students. This brought Katie into worries. But the third group’s boring song lifted Katie’s spirits, and a feeling of confidence settled into the base of her spine(脊柱)as the third band ahead of them walked down the stage. Heads up and shoulders back, Katie and her friends took the stage to a handful of applause. The performance was not satisfactory. Before they knew it, Katie, Mila, and Renee were hustled(催促)down the stage by an impatient stage manager wearing a large headset. The three sat in a comer for an painful hour before the final votes were tallied (计算). 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 It turned out that the winner was not them but the pop band of college students. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ “You guys deserve an opening act too,” a cheerful female voice said over Katie’s shoulder. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$